The New York Herald Newspaper, January 25, 1848, Page 2

bse NEW YORK HIERALD. | Rarth-wesl Corner of Puitow aud Nassam sts, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROCRISTOR. ‘ day included.) an subscribers, 814 per cnnum, including RALV—Every Saturday Erie 2% per annum—in the Unit ert by sheamsip. #9 per annum, incur Every Steam Packet Dey Sper canum, including post Be “Subscriptions and ct- Messrs Galignant, 18 ruc +. ie Cornhill, and John ect. Landon LD—Every Twesday—One mpaig ENTS (new every morning) at reo- ina plain, legible manner— ie for errors in manuscrept. recuted heaurfuily and wll Publication Office, corner of S by mail, for subscriptions, or with ¢ post pelt or the postage will be de- remitle : ORRESPONDENCE, containing ited from any quarter of the world= ond uni! always he Wherally paid for 5 NU NOTICE can be taken of anonymous communie. Wrarever as witended for insertion must be authent d by then d addvesa of (he wreter; mot neces shut asa guaranty af his good faith to return rejected communicatione S to he wade in advance LD FOR BUROP® aS EVENIN Sanos Lent & Co.'s American athesr various performances. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Crartorre Terie -=Bartce or Maxico—Mveranies or OppreLLowsnir, HEATRE, Chatham street=Teaeiim CHATBRA 3 VaLent iD ORSON. Mopen Anvieti PALMO’R OPERA HOUSE, Chambers street—Tmizas’ ‘Tsovre or Mopen Artists BROADWAY ODYON, Broadway.—Vextarcoguism, Fisoisa, Garon Exercises, Opgon Minstaeis, Mas- ren Jupa’s Daxono. HANIOS’ HALL, Srostway, near Bronme street.— 2 a—vaioriay Sunaina -Brnvesaur Dan- TAMRA SALOON Broadway, between Spring and pexLu’s Eruropian Sengnavens, in their va- ances Ke. PAVORAMA AALL, Browtway, near Houston—Bar- Yawn’: PasonaMa of THe Mresrestrrr. TABERNACLE, Boxdway—SteyenmanancHe Mu- fICAL ' oma avs Cac? Gaanp Concert. New Yoru, Tuewday, January 25, 1848. ll —— fg» Advertisements received for one insertion only. ; Telegraphic Summary. By the telegraph’c news in another column, it willbe seen that the road from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico is not so safe as it was reported to be some time since, and that an American train had been attacked by the guerillas, who, it report bs true, succeeded in capturing three hun- ered mul+s, and property amounting in value to one hundred thousand dollars, besides killing several American soldiers. This certainly does not savor much of peace. On the other hand, we learn from the same source that a meeting of the friends of education has been ealled at Mata- moras by the Americans, which the Mexicans were invited to attend. This is decidedly a new movement in warfare, and tends to make the war between the United States and Mexico still more anomalous then the London Times represents it. Coupling this with the fact that a meeting was recently called to take into consideration the propriety of constructing a railroad from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico, and we have an inkling of the probability of our “+ manifest destiny,” principles being carried out before the people of either country are aware of At all events it has a squinting that way, or it may be interpreted that our soldiers are much pleased with the climate, soil and senoritas of Mexico, and are desirous of remaining where they are, and carry out the principle of annexa- on on an individual ecale. Chagres, it appears, has been destroyed totally by fire, the custom house not even escaping the ravages of the conflagration. The loss, in any oint of view, is not very great. The population fthis place did not exceed five hundred; the houses were all built of sticks, and the climate is as unhealthy as that of almost any part of the world. The business in the Senate consisted of the vassage of a resolution calling for the corres- dence between Mr. Wise and the Brazilian overnment; another, for the erection of a mo- pment to Washington; and, a third, for Gen. T.ylor’s lettersto the Wer Department, on the subject ot a military line of occupation. A dis- cu to whether Mexico had any public domain, and, if so, whether she hed a right to cede the some to a foreign power in the payment of indemnities. Hannegan’s resolution on the annexation of Mexican territory, was post- poned. The Ten Regiments Bill was taken up, but informally passed over. In the House, & re- solution for the appointment of additional clerks 1 the Pension Office, gave rise to a sharp de- bate, during which, if Mr. Johason speaks by the eard, the morals of the present incumbents are sadly on the wane. A discussion on the Pre-idenv’s Annuel Message fiaished up the business of the day. Tere wes not much business of importance transacted in the Legislature of this State yes- terdey. A bill was introduced to prohibit banks from trans+cling business in any place but where tney are located ; and an attempt was made to introduce the Oriskany clause into bank char- e, but it failed) Both houses appear to act dependently of the people, and to do just as they can,without being subject to the obarge of perfect idleness. Tne Legisiature of Pennsylvania yesterday pars-d a resolution providing for the payment of the interest on the Siate debt E »ynevs TeLecrapnic News.—We gave in eg ie intelligence from Washington, yerterday, further rumors about despatches from Mexico, a treaty with that country, the election ierrera, and that Mr. Trist was sill acting , under instructions from the American go- This despatch came, not from our special and private correspondent in Washing- ton who has never deceived us, never misrepre- sented fa never hazarded mere speeulations— teame from a general collector of news, employed by the press of New York, in Wash- ington, to transmit intelligence through the tele- graph. Had we seen it before publication, it would have been excluded trom our columns. The most of the rumors given in it, have been known, for some time past, to be incorrect. Mr. Trist, we have every reason to believe, has not epplied tor any new powers from his govern- st, and is doing nothing in the way of nego- In fact, according to the most credible ligence, he merely remains in Mexico for .be purpose of managing some private affairs of nieown, and is not now in the employ of this government. The other rumors ere equally erro- ne i were not worthy of being transmit- ther vernment. but ion ted b telegraph. It has been our intention, on el! occasions, to have nothing transmitted to ueb egreph, from Washington, or eleewhere, w that Hot important, and something more ere rumor. In these rumors and reporte, course, has no other responsibi- of tr them correctly. All \ to the collectors ends of the telegraph, o h anen s should be for the journals, at the several a © rrRoM THe Drazi.s We are in handsomely printed paper, of O | t a ndense, pub!ished at Rio Grande, Brazil to the 2d any 1 in th ad Nie Janeiro, cal news hew been anticipated December are There is y i as we hay as le s fr da sion took place on a resolution of inquiry as | i eee Presitontia! Speculations and Movements, Mr. Raymiood, one of the editots of the | Courier and £nquirer, who is now at Washing- | ton, or has been there recently, is giving some | views and glimpses of movements in that metre- | polis, of some importance as regards the Presi- dential campaign, Mr. Raymond is an editor of | the present age—not of the last. He belongs to | that class of men who think aloud—not of those | old drivellers of fifteen or twenty years ago, who | _ never thought at all. la speaking, in one of | 8 letters, of General Taylor and other matters, | | he has the following remarks :— . . . . But they thiak that the great mass of the whig party are entitied to some more defiaite indication of his poli tical opinions—of his sentiments conceruing the war and the general condition of the coustry at the present time, theu be hes yet given. And this conviction ren- | ders them unwilling to commit themselves at present to | his suppert. And if there are any here opposed to it, they are olther not whigs, or not true friends of General Taylor. Hie success is p ward more by the action of 1! who oall themselv: \dependents,”’ than by any other If he is nowinated as the whig vigorous opposition; if he is ran didate—" independent of parties’ an Li either party, leaving nothing certain but bis own efea “T uoderstand that a mars meeting will soon be held in New York forthe formal nominat of Mr Clay. The time is not fixed, but it will be held before the 22nd of February. I think I can state positively, and with en- tire acouracy, that Mr. Clay came to Washington with the fixed determination to withdraw his name from the President can —and that it is only ip conse- quenos of the solicitation of his friends that be has not done so Senator Crittenden has expressed the opinion publicly. on more than one occasion iately, that General Taylor should be nominated by the whigs {t seems to me clear that the national convention ahould be held at as late a day as possible. One strong and sufficient rea- 800 js, that the greatest issues of the canvass are, in my Judgment, yetto be made. The leaders of the locofocos ‘are preparing the programme which the whigs will have tomeet. Letters from Gen Werth and Secretary Wal- ker, and perbape from Mr. Dallas, are yet to come. I 4 ated my belief, in a letter a few days since, that the people in 1852 would be required to vote on the ennexa- tion of the whole of Mexico I have now no doubt that this will form the great, controlling and commanding is- sue in 1848” * We think it highly probable that the issue Mr. Raymond alludes to—the annexation of the whole of Mexico—will be the question in the next Pre- sidentialcanvass. We are rapidly approaching that point, and it will develope itself much more fully as we approach the great meetings to be held in this city within the next six weeks or two months. At these meetings a great many new questions may be brought up, and we have reason to believe that a resolution for the annexation of the whole of Mexico, will be offered at the great democratic meeting at Tammany Hall, next Sa- turday—whether it will be coucurred in by the | meeting or net, we don’t know. Another curious idea put forth is, that a fresh meeting is to be held in this city for the nomi- nation of Mr. Clay. If this should turn out to be true, it will be forced on the friends of Mr. Clay by the popular assemblages that have placed General Taylor bfore the country in almost every State of the Union, and which will begin their opinions; and bringing it out as a great and valuable agent in surgery, they sent missions to Europe, for the purpose of claiming the rewards given by certain scientific bodies there to such discoveries. The publicity of these steps led Dr. Wells to visit Paris and London last winter, for the purpese of establishing his claim to the origi- nal discovery. It seems he was not very suc- | cessful in his pursuit, owing to the superior in- fluence of those persons who had taken the dis- covery out of his hands, and had arrived in Paris before him. Foiled in his object in Europe, he returned to this city, and pursued here his ordi~ nary avocations, until this unhappy event occur” red, which caused him to figure in our police re- ports, and now to be the subject of the melancho- ly history related in our paper this day. Thus has he fallen avictim to his own medi- cine, like Phalaris of old,wh» perished in the way he had invented for-others to die, and like Dr. Guillotin, the inventor of an instrument of death which put a period to his own life. This singu- lar tragedy will make the public pause in rela- tion to the virtues and utility of these dangerous substances, in their application to the human sys tem. The Post Office Advertising.The Herald and the Tribune. Our amiable and philosophical contemporaries | of the Tribune, have at last screwed up their courage tothe sticking point,and absolutely come out and confessed the corn—acknowledged the corn—admitted the corn—with some wry faces, to be sure, and the distribution of a little dirty water, to make it as disagreeable as possible. Here is their reply and acknowledgment, and their dread that the circulation of the Herald is far beyond that which the Tribune ever claimed, or any other journal in this city :— The Herald puts forth a bullying offer to bet $300 that its circulation exceeds that of the Tribune, ae though tter in controversy between us. Not know nothing of the eirculation of the have said mothing. Judging only from ob- servation of its columns, and its studied pandering to de- tions, its careful avoid- popular vice or profitable ance of giving offence to corruption—as is strikingly evinced in the character of ‘a large portion of its ‘ advertisements new every day” — ‘we presume the Herald is quits liberally patronized. and have, of course, intimated nothing to the contrary. eo when that paper saw fit to sssert the wholesale untru’ that our circulation had been rapidly decreasing for years, and was now much smaller than formerly, snd the Courier & Enquirer came to its ald in an oblique endorsement of the calumny, were we tempted at all to notice ite bluster about our relative patronage and the Post Office advertising. As to the weekly lists of letters unclaimed at our City Post Office, they were awarded to us in obedience to law, and upon due proof that the Tribune was one of the two journals having the largest circulation within the city of New York The Herald,on that occasion, after a montb of pre tory bluster,refused to putin the required affidavits of the acount ofita city circu'ation,but crawled off und cloud of dust kicked up with regard to its gomera! ciroulstion, on which basis the Christian 2d. vecate and Jou might have taken the job away from of us. ‘was 601 wo or three years since; two other journals had then a city circulation respeo- tively which came very near to ours; and it may be that some one could now outnumber bare Shed say, for we have uo knowledge with regard to ‘people's private business, and seek none. If a new scrutiny is ordered, we only ask that perfectly fair play which was shown on the former occasion; and if any journal proves in other parts of the country next month. Ali these movements of a popular character tend to destroy the efficacy of a national convention, and, so far, we are glad of it. Mr. Raymond seems to think that the masa of the whig party are anxious to receive from General Laylora more distinct indication of his political opi- nions. What is the meaning of this? They want another letter from General Taylor. — We trusthe will pay no attention to these men, and that he will write no more letters. Such x correspondence is intended merely asa mode of committing him to a particular clique of the whig party, and through that opening to make it the channel of all future applications for office. For instance: it has been very pro- perly observed that in the approaching great meeting on the twenty-second of February next, a certain clique in Wall street has. called the whigs together to support General Taylor, with- outreference to others belonging to other par- ties. This movement is very well understood here; and now, wheniit is coupled with num- bers of those who call themselves independent, | and without distinction of party, it assumes a character much more reprehensible. If any par- | ticular clique, pipe laying or otherwise, wantto | know more distinctly the opinions of General Taylor, and wish that he should communicate to them confidentially, or for publication, those opinions, it is only wanted to open a private vein to reach influence to be used in the distribution of offices in the event of his election. We trust, therefore, that General Taylor will pay no atten- tion to any parties ‘from any quarter, whig or otherwise, who want him to write more letters concerning the war or the general condition of the country. Ifthere are any cliques that will | not support him without this, let them abandon {him | highest success, will grow out of independence of character and independence of position,which will give him the support of ull independent men | throughout the country. If they do not succeed | atthe Presidential election, in spite of whig con- ventions and caucuses, there 1s nothing that can prevent them from succecding at the second trial. SincuLar Suicrpe—Hoaace Waxts, Tue Dis- coverra or Ernen —We give, in our “City In- cide which probably ever took place in this city, —that of Dr. Horace Wells, formerly of Hart- ford, Connecticut—the same individual who made the original discovery of ether, or chloro- form, and of its successful application in surgery | or dentistry. The history of this singular af- | heretofore related, will strike everybody as being more strange even than fiction, while, at the same time, it will strike every one with as- tonishment and sorrow. The whole affair is | almost incomprehensible. The ingenious discoverer of the powers of this | extraordinary substance, in its applieation to surgery, has himself fallen,a victim to his own discovery. he only rational conclusion, of the steps which ledto it, seems to be that Dr. Wells has been in he habit of producing intoxi- cation in himself by the habitual use of ether, or chloroform. Under one of the paroxysms pro- duced by the intemperate use of this powerful agent, it seems he eallied forth into Broadway, | where he committed the pranks upon some un- fortunate fernales at night, which led to his ar- rest by the polie made in the pub prints. For the purpore of drowning the consequences of this exposure, and not being able to meet the issue of his strange acts, Dr. Wells deliberately goes to work ang commits suicide, using his own medicine to d@- stroy the sensation of pain in the act. | What a melancholy termination to a singular- ly eventful and interesting life! Last winter we saw Dr. Wells in Paria, in high spirits, full of | gaiety and delight, and in the midst of gay‘ro- | ciety. He went there in order to prosecute his | claims before the French Institute for the re- ward publicly offered to the discoverer of any new aad important fact or agent in medical prac- tice. Mr. or Dr. Wells, as he was indifferently called, was a native of Hartford, Conn., or its neichborhood, where he has left a wife and child, to mora his loss and sympathise over his-misfortuae, Accident led him to | the discovery of the virtues of this liquid, when applied to surgical cases; and it is said he first inade the discovery on his own person. Pro- ceeding to Boston, he mode the revelation there of his discovery to individuals who repudiated and laughed at his mystery, @ a thing of no mo- | the public, it thinks our circulation is far ahead General Taylor's best friends, and his | | telligence,” an account of the most singular sui- | fair, as given in our columns, with the particulars | | The man must have a degree of hardihood equal | after reading the account of this suicide, and | causing a great noise to be | | and that is, that the circulation of the Hera/d, in | better right to the lists than we have, the Postmaster will undoubtedly obey the law and award the advertising accordingly. But in such a ecrutiny, not the Tyibune and Herald exclusively, but all the city journals,will be, entitled to sompete; and wehope, if the list of letters are awarded to another than the Tribune, it some oue which does not habitually disparage th: perance and all other reform movements of the day, and whose columns sre not filled with sdvertisements unfit to enter any reputable family. Now isnotthis a dirty plate of soup for a Christian, moral, pious, philosophical, social, Fourierite organ—of every thing that is decent and every thing reputable—to hand to its contem- | porary across the street? We put forth an offer | to bet, not in the way of bullying, but in the way of benevolence, for charitable purposes. If we lost the bet, we were willing to give it in charity. If ever gambling or betting were permissible, it ought to be in such a case; and it argues little for the practical benevolence of the Tribune, and its pretensions to those sentiments, when, at this season of the year, it refuses to accept a bet of three hundred dollars for the benefit of the poor But of this enough. The Tribune says it knows nothing of the circulation of the Herald, and has said nothing; but from our pandering to the depraved tastes and vicious inclinations of of that of other papers, and therefore the Post- master General will be compelled in due course of law, to take the advertisements from that journal and give them to us. It is certainly very amusing 1n the philosophers of the Tribune, to compare their morality, their regard for religion, or any thing touching on | public or private virtue, by way of injurious com- parison to the Herald or itaconductor. We have | lived thirty years in the principal cities ot this country; and as an individual,we are ready at any | time to enter into a scrutiny, and compare pri- | vate moral character with Mr. Greeley, Mr. Me- Elrath, or any other man in this or any other | community. In the management of our journal, | | we are equally ready to enter into a similar com- parison. We have never advocated or supported | socialism, the next step to infidelity, folly, demo- ralization, and licentiousness of the worst kind. | We have never advocated anti-rentism, that atro- | cious system of legalized plunder, depriving a | man of his property by popular agitation and popular outbreak. It is true we do not make so | much fuss about temperance lectures, and tem- perance humbug, and temperance meetings, as Mr. Greeley of the Tribune doe We have never believed that this country is given to in- | temperance to the same degree that the poor Irish in Ireland are, from certain causes which exist there, butdo nothere. We have always been in favor of temperance, in both eating and drink- ing, as much so as any man in this community, either Mr. Greeley or any person else. Then, | as to the character of our advertisements. to that of Jack Sheppard himself, who, with all kinds of quack advertisements in its colamns— | about “dyspepsia” and the “piles,” ‘ syrup of Naptha, the only cure for consumption,” “‘liver- | wort and tar,” ‘‘compound syrup for nervous de- bility,” calomel, and all sorts of medicines and disorders, scattered through its columns—the man who can talk about ours, has a degree of impudence harder than brass, yea, even than steel itself. Thus, it will appear that the only objections falsehoods, exaggerations, hypocritical pretences to superior sanctity and temperance, not one of which is founded on truth; whilst the only tan- gible point, on which the whole matter rests--the comparative circulation of the two journals, he dare not touch, and respecting it, contesses ig norance. If the Postmaster General orders a new ecrutiny—and we shallinsist on it—there ean be no doubt of the fact that will be developed; the city of New York alone, without taking into account its circulation in other large cities, and throughout the country and the civilized world —the circulation in the city of New York alone, more than double that of the Tribune in the me circumference. And furthermore, there can be no doubt of the general fact—and probably that was meant by the Courier & Enquirer—ahat the circulation of the Tribune at this day, taking into consideration the increuse of population and business of the city and couatry—that the circu- lation of the Tribune has actually diminished, in- stead of increasing, during the Inst two years, | We again offer the bet, not es a bullying offer but as a benevolent offer, of $300, to the Tribune’ Will it take it? We shall also proceed with our affidavits, and place the Postmaster General in his proper position. nent. In about » year afterwards, however, the | ersons who had received the first intimation of | } the tysterious power of ether,happened to change put forth by our contemporary, are merely wilful | ai ba Suresvit.pine in New Yorn--Emienation.« The repid growth of thie important branch of trade, for the last few years, in particular, in this city, must be a source of deep satistaction to our numerous merchants and traders. A rum up the E»st River, from Peck-slip to Williamsburg, will afford the citizens an opportunity of wit- nessing the great activity that prevails in this department of trade. The stocks in the different yards are all in active requisition, and several new ships and steamers are being finished for the spring business, destined for several owners, both in New York and elsewhere. The anticipated increase of immigration from Europe, as well as the increase of trade in general, from our new relations with Englang, the entire European continent, have given an impulse to this branch of trade which is calculated to raise it even higher than it is. The proverbial beauty of model, sailing qualities, and general capabili- ties, of our American liners and ships, for navi- gating the Atlantic, have long gained a charac- ter for our ship-builders in Europe, so as to entitle them to the highest rank in this line throughout the universe ; and every American, or foreigner, will look with pride and pleasure on the en- terprizing spirit thus displayed to facilitate our intercourse with the oppressed masses in the old world, who are panting for an opportu- nity to escape the doom that old monarchical misrule has fixed for them, viz.: starvation or perpetual slavery. The awful calamities of the past year, with no brighter hopes of ameliora- tion for the future, together with the con. dition of the suffering millions, particularly in Ireland, have aroused public feeling in all quar- ters, and the panic-stricken poor, with y of the better classes, have signified their inten- tions to emigrate this season to America. It is, therefore, evident that emigration will be~ come even a more important branch of trade than it hitherto has been ; hence the activity in the ship-yards, in preparing new craft for ocean, lake and river navigation. In connexion with this subject, we may refer to the proposed emi- gration law now before the Legislature, which proposes to vest additional powers in the hands of the Emigration Commissioners now located in this city. We have heard many objections urged against some of the sections of this new bill, on the ground that they would be calculated to invest with an almost arbitrary power, this body now in office. One of the objects sought by the adoption of the new constitution was to place power and patronage in the hands of the people, or, in other words, todecentralize the appointing power, as in the case of our judges, who are now elected; and we have no doubt but this princiyle will ex- tend itself to most of the appointments for pub- lic officers under the new constitution. Yet one of the first acts of the newly-appointed Legis- lature, under the new constitution, was to take from the Common Council and the Board of Health, who were elected by the people, a power which they had exercised for a long series of years, on the subject of emigration and the con- trol of. the hospitals on Staten Island, and to in- vest this power inthe Board of Commissioners, who are appointed by the Legislature, and who are totally irresponsible to the people. The new proposed bill, should it pass in its present shape, will place at the disposal of these commissioners, an additional power, which could be wielded by the politicians with dange- rous effect. Let us but look at the first two sec- tions of this proposed law :— Seo. 1. Authorises the commissioners of emigration to lease or purchase docks for the exclusive use of emi- grants, and to license steamboats and lighters for con- veying emigrants to the eity. Sec 2. Makes it the duty of shipmasters, owners and oonsignees of emigrant ships, to cause the emigrants and their baggage to be landed on such piers, either directly from theship, or by means of such lighters or steam- boats, under the penalty of $100 for neglect. What an amount of patronage would not this throw into the hands of these commissioners! We would have more official jobbing carried on by the hiring and licensing of lighters, steam- boats, wharves, &c., &c., than now attaches to the Corporation itself. In fact, the whole would be turned into a Corporation job. The other sec- tions of the bill, which propose to put a check upon the frauds practised on emigrants, are all very good. We shall watch the progress ot this new bill with some interest, and trust to see it modified to such an extent, before it becomes the law, as to meet the exigencies that have call- ed it forth, and suit the wishes of our citizens in general. Meanwhile, we cordially wish every prosperi- ty to the rapidly rising ship-building trade in our great commercial metropoli: News From Havana.—By the brig Augusta, from Havana, we are in receipt of files of the Diario de la Marina, up to the 8h int The Italian Opera company (the same that are shortly expected here) had been performing “1 Lombardi,” with much succes, though on a subse. quent performance the critics say their former triumphs had made them careless, and they uc- cordingly give them a piece of their mind. They salve it over, however, by stating that they be- lieve the company, with due attention, is capable of doing every thing well and perfectly. A case of aneurism of the axillary artery, a formidable affair, which it seems requires the ligature of the? subclavian artery to remedy, constituting one ot the capital operations in sur- gery, had occurred in the Havana hospital, and all the surgeons in the place were ina state of excitement, as such a serious operation had not been pertormed in Havana for very many years. Reviews and marches of the troops on the island, in full war equipment, &c., seem to be much practised now-a-days. We noticed one a few days ago, as having taken place at Puerto Principe. The entire garrison of Havana, in- antry, cavalry and artillery, were reviewed, fnd took quite a long march on the 4th inst. Rubini was daily expected at Havana, and great preparations were making among the mu- sical people, to receive him according to his merits. Law Intelligence. Circuit Count—Jan 24 —Before J Morse—John L Schrage et al. vs. John M. James et al —This was an action to recover the balance of a prom! note, made and endorsed by defendant; the amount claimed to be a8 $1,399 17. The defence set up was, that the de- fendant James, together with Hurd & Allerton, the two endorsers, gave the note in suit, with others, in the pur- chase from one Crawtord. of $155,000 ot the stock of the Farmers’ and Millers’ Baok of Maryland; that they were also to have to their credit a sum of $19,000 onthe books of the bank, and that =, were to establish an offiee here to redeem the notes e bank; that this proceeding was void under the revised statutes—and that no consideration was given for the note, the bank turning out to be worthless. The plrintiff then Proved that the note was taken bye Mr. Burger, in the course of trade, and by him negotiated to the plaintif on the purchase of a quantity of eee also, that neither Barger or oan any notice of the pro- eedings between dante and the Farmers’ and Mil- oharged that all the facts were proved on d prima facia, he is entitled to thas made out @ good det ge lors’ Bank. have only to remark in relation to this, that there are oases where @ party may legally raise that defence, as where he raises it againet a that joins with him to defeat the laws. There it is proper that he who was a party to the fraud, should not be a gainer by it; but ‘where a party sets up his own illegal act inst ® bona fide hojder of commerolal paper, it ought to be clearly shown that he knew at the time all the transactions re- Jating to the security he waa about to take. The re- straining law of this State does not permit persons to go into the business of banking in thin State, but it does ot prevent men from owning the stocks of other States, if persons buy the stocks of other States they must o their chances. If you believe the plaintiff had no jotice of the transaction set up by defendant, and that hetook the note in good faith, it is no defence that It was given for thie rtock, and you ought to fin erdict for him. Verdict for intiff for amount claimed. For leintiff, Mr B. D. Silliman and Mr. G. Rice—for de- it, Mr. 8. Fieldjand Mr. Parker. Count Carenvan, This Day.—Circnit Court—8, 16, Mall Fal'ures, ‘The Southern mail failed at Petersburg, Va, Jan. 23. “ Eastern letter * * Cfocionati, Jan, 18 and j9 m8 “ “ partly Mobile, Jam, 14 mail felled at Now Orleans, “we 44, 87, 64, 20,9, 69, 70, 71,72, 73.74, 60,2 Common Pleas—Part lnt.—68, 19, 69, 71,78, 79, 81, 87, 80, The bu Teex% of Wilmington, Del., were morning. ING FROM THE SOUTH, FOUR DAYS LATER FROM VERA CRUZ The Train for the Capital Attacked. Over $100,000 worth of Property carried off. LATER FROM THE BRAZOS. NEWS FROM KINGSTON, JAMAICA, Serious Fire in New Grenada. ke. be. &e, From Vera Cruz. The overland express has arrived with two days later news, bringing news from New Or- leans to the 18th inst., and from Mobile to the 19th. The ship Tahmaroo had reached New Orleans from Vera Cruz, with dates from the latter city to the Sth inst., being tour days later than hitherto received. By this arrival, we learn that part of the last train which had left for the capital, was attacked by guerillas, while the Santa Fe regiment of mounted riflemen, under Lieut. Walker, were scattered off some seven miles from the main body. Different versions of the matter are given; some estimating the guerilla force at four hun- dred, and others at two hundred and fifty. The guerillas are reported to have captured three hundred pack mules, and $100,000 worth of property. Ten Americans out of the thirty who had charge of the property, were killed or captured. Lieut. Walker immediately started in pursuit, with strong reinforcements. From the Brazos. The schooner L. S Scranton had arrived, having left the Brazos on the 11th inst. A notice calling a meeting of the friends of edueation at Matamoras, had been issued by the Americans. The Mexicans were invited to at- tend, and to take the lead in the arrangements. Colonel Davenport left Matamoras on the 8th, on a tour of inspection to the mouth of the river. When that $90,000 in specie arrived at the Brazos, consigned to S. C. Hatzel, ex-U. S. Con- sul, he was allowed to take it on giving a ‘‘ pro- mise to pay on demand,” for the amount of the duties, some seven thousand dollars. On the demand being made for payment, he refused to pay, or say where the silver was, and Mr. Chap- man, the present collector, forced his doors, found the silver, and placed a sentinel over it, not to be withdrawn until the duties were paid. From Kingston, Jamaica, The bark Aften arrived at New Orleans on the 17th, from Kingston, Jamaica, on the 6th inst., bringing Midshipman Wilson, of the Navy, as bearer of despatches. It is reported by Mid. Wilson that on the Ist inst., the city of Chagres, New Grenada, was en- tirely destroyed by fire. The custom-house, containing much valuable property, was included in the conflagration. Major General Lambert Commaur, Comman- der-in-chief of the British forces on the island of Jamaica, died at Kingston on the 4th inst., aged 66 years. His remains were buried the same day, with military honors. There was no news from California. "The death of Paymaster Lieutenant Minor, of the Artillery, is confirmed. Supreme Court. Wasnincton, Jan. 24, 1848. The Supreme Court, this morning resumed the case of Governor Dorr—Mr. Hallet, of Boston, arguing tor plaintiffs. Pennsylvania Legislature. Purvapevpuia, Jan. 24, 1848. We learn from Harrisburg, that the Senate, this morning, passed the bill appropriating money for the State interest due February and August. THIRTIETH CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. Senate. Wasninoron, Jan. 24, 1848, TRIAS aExATOR. General Houston, re-elected Senator from Texas, was duly qualified and took his seat. PETITIONS. Mr. Wenster presented several petitions :— Firat, from Robert G. Shaw and others, of Boston, complaining of the unjust operation of the eighth sec- tion of the tariff act of 1646, relative to the imposition of ad valorem duties. Second, from Bedford county, Pennsylvanis, com- | plaining of the present rate of postages. Third and fourth, from Middlesex and from the lsy- men of the Unitarian persuasion at Bellericka, praying the restoration of peace. Mr. Beanien presented a petition praying the ap- polatment of a tribunal for settling international dis- putes. Mr. Dicarnson presented the petition of citisens of New York, for a reduction in the rates of postage. GENERAL TAYLOR'S LETTERS, | Mr. Bennren’s resolution calling for copies of letters or despatches written by General Taylor on the subject of a military line of ocoupation, referred to in a report from the Seoretary of War, was taken up and adopted. MR, WISE AND THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT. Mr, Huntea submitted a resolution, which was agreed to, calling for certain correspondence between Mr. Wise and the Brazilian government. WASHINGTON MONUMERT. On motion of Mr. Mituea, the Senate then took up and passed the resolution authorizing the erection of the | Washington Monument, on a site to be selected on the public grounds. THE PUBLIG DOMAIN OF MEXICO, Mr. Batpwin’s resolutions, calling on the President for information as to the existence of any public domain in Mexico, and the power of the Mexican government to eede any portion of the same to a foreign government, were taken up. Mr Hannrean requested explanation as to the objeot of the resolutions. Mr. Baunwrn explained that the President having in- formed Congress, in his annual message, that the Repub- Me of Mexico had no other means of indemnifying our citizens but by the cession of her territory, the objeot of | the resolutions was to ascertain the grounds on which the President founded the expectation of obtaining Mex- joan territory as indemnity. Mr. B. regarded the power of the Mexican government to cede any portion of her States as doubtful, which power was not conferred by her constitution, nor by the laws of nations. Mr. Hannxoan maintained that as Mexico was not a republic, but nothing more nor less than an anarchy, we bad a right to take by cession any portion of her territe- ry. Whether Mexico had the power to cede was not the question for us, but her, to decide. As to our own prac. tice, we had asserted thet the disputed North Eastern Boundary belonged to us. Yet we ceded away & part,— Our Executive had decided that the whole of Oregon ‘was ours, and yet we had given up two-thirds. Some forther explanations took place, between Mr. Baldwin and Mr. Hannegen, when, on motion of the latter, the resolutions were laid on the table, by a vote of 28 to.22, PRESIDENT’S MASsAOR. A message was reovived from the President, covering a reply to the resolution, asking for Gen Soott’s corren- Pondence, concerning the forced contributions from Mextioo. EXPLOSION OF STRAM HOILERS, Mr. Wesrcort rubmitted « rerolution, calling on the Commirsioners of Patents for information on the subject explosions of steam boilers, ANNEXATION OF MEXICO, Mr. Hanneoan’s resolution aeserting the right of the United States to aunex Moxtoo, being & special order, poned to the second Monday of February. The Senate then proceeded to the consideration of THE TEN REGIMENT BILT. Mr. Crane was entitled to the floor. Mesars Butler, Jefferson Davis, Clayton, Sevier, and | Foote, explained on cortala points, which hed been in en cc CLE CCE Y CLL CCL CE LT OLED LED EEL: ELL LED LL LLL LEELA LEELA LLL: controversy in early stages of discussion. ft wae then informally passed over. ORMERAL LAND OFFICE. The bill tore-organise the General Land Office, which had been carried in the House, pa:s:d the Senate. A House of Representatives. Albert G. Brown, of Mississippi, was qualified, and took is seat. CLERKS FOR THE PENSION OFFICE. * Mr. Cooxe, of Tennessee, moved a suspension of the rules, to enable him to latroduce @ resolution to discharge the committee of the whole irom further consideration of the joint resolution, authorizing the Commissioner of Pensions to appoint temperarily twenty-five additions} clerks, and appropriating $7968 for that purpose. The rules were suspended, when Mr. Cooke moved to amend the resolution, by striking out the amount of appropria- tion in the bill. Mr. Cons, of Georgia, opposed giving the power of appointment to the Commissioners of Pensions, as an interference with a right whieh should belong exclusively to the head cf the War Department. Mr. Jounson opposed the appointment of additional clerks, and advocated inoreased hours of labor by the clerks already employed in the department, many of whom have little labor to perform save writing puffs to Promote the interest of particular individuals, and walk Pennsylvania Avenue, pencil in hand, colleoting materials to forestall public opinion. The time of many others, Mr, J contended, was spent in pistol galleries, billiard rooms, faro banks and oyster cellars, and one might even find these miserable office-holding lazaroni inmates of other piaces unmentionable. Mr. Jones, of Tennessee, and Mr. McKay also opposed giving the appointment to the Commissioner of Pensions: and the latter moved a postponement until Monday next. Mr. Cooxer expressed himself surprised at the opposl- tion of the other side, which showed with what tenacity they held on the spoils of office. He repliedto Mr. Joha- son, that he had no knowledge as to the truth of the charges made, as he did not visit such places; but he Presumed his colleague spoke from personel observation The subject was postponed until Monday. PREOIDENT’S ANNUAL MFOSAGE. Mr. Boyp submited a resolution to close the debate in the committee ot the Whole on the President’s an- nual message, at three o’clook, this day. Mr Vintow moved to amend the resolution, by mak- * ing two o’clook on Wednesday next. The amendment was agreed to, and the resolution adopted. Oa motion of Mr. Vinton, the Committee of the Whole on the Union, J.R Iegersoll in the ohair, re- sumed consideration of the Annual Mesrage. Mr. Bannow, of Tennessee, addressed the oomnittee in opposition to the adminisiration and the Executive Prerogative of the eubjuzetion of Mexico, or acquisition of territory by conquest or violence, He said he would vote for the necessary supplies to carry on the war, but Preferred volunteers to regulars, Mr. Featenston, of Mississippi, replied, defending the war, and measures and general poliey of the admin- istration. Mr Dixon, of Conneoticut, followed in opposition to the administration, and answered several speeches on the other side of the question, relative tothe Texan boundary. The Committee rose, and on motion of Mr. Stevens, the House adjourned. NEW YORK LEGISLATURE. Aupany, Jan. 24, 1848, Senate. MAINTENANCE OF THE CANALS, Mr. Fuuer reported the House bill making ‘appropris- tions for the maintenance ofthe canals, &o. It wasmade 8 special order for to-day. RalLwars. Mr. Coaxwatu presented the unanimous report of the Rallway Committes against the general railway bill,and in favor of the bill to incorporate the Albany and Cohoes Railway Company ABGULATING THN BANKs. Mr. Avrauxt brought in a bill confining the business of banks to the places where they are located. PUBLICATION OF LEGAL NoTICRS, Mr. Frovp offered a resolution, which was agreed to, that the Judiciary Committee make a report of what le- gal notices may be di«pensed with, and which ought to be published in the country newspapers. SUPERINTENDENOE OF THE CANALS. The bill making appropriation for the maintenance and superintendence of the canals, was read and passed Several unimportant bills passed through committee. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Mr. Fuorp, on motion to agree to rules of the Senate, moved that executive business be transacted in open ses- sion. Lost, 16 to 9. Adjourned. Assembly. ASSESSMENTS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. was called up, and on motion of Mr. Hannegem was post- | Mr. Beacn presented the proceedings of a meeting in the 12th ward of the oity of New York, against the bill in relation to the assessment of that city. TAXES IN FLUSHING. My. Wessex 8. Surrm reported a bill to extend the time for the collection of taxes in the town of Flushing. ABOLISHING THE OFFIGE OF CORONER. Mr. Pecx presented a resolution of enquiry Proposing the abolition of the office of Coroner, and suthorising Justices of the Peace to perform the duties of that offlcer. VENTILATING THE CAPITOL. A bill to ventilate the Capitol was passed in committee of the whole. A BRIDGE ACROSS THE HUDSON RIVER, Mr. Cuantoce brought in a bill for building a bridge @crose the Hudson river at Albany. THE MANUFACTURING BILL, A debate on the Manufacturing Bill was resumed in Committee. A motion to make trustees severally re- sponsible who declare or pay dividends after the insol- vency ofthe company, was lost, only sixteen members rising in ite favor. One amendment was adopted, mak- ing trustees liable ifthey declare a dividend whioh will impsir the capital of the company. Mr. Witvetr offered an amendment, making the stook- holders personally responsible to all creditors. Lost, only ten risi@g in ite favor. Mr. Mreas then moved to incorporate the Oriskany elause, but the committee rose and reported progress before taking the question. Adjourned. Markets. New Oaveans, January 17.—Cotton active; prices buoyant. Sugar—Stock increasing. Flour—Market fairly and finally broken down; Illinois is quoted at $5 10+ sud choice Ohio $525. Molarses bas 8 downward ten dency Freighte—Several new engagements. Exchange in fair demand at previous rates. . Axpany, Jan, 24.—In the flour market today there ‘was nothing done beyond supplying the ordinary de- mands ofthe retail trade. Sales of barley were made at 81 cents; rye at 76 cents; oats at 40 %.41; and corn at 64 kK, in the hog, sold at $6 25 for good lote, but the receipts were light. Whiskey is selling at 26 cents. ‘Team coming in from the country, forty miles dis- produce. Burvato, Jan. 4, 1648.—Flour—The market continues dall, and we have only to notice sales of 500 bbia, inolu- ding good qualities of this State and Ohio, at $4 75 8 $6. Corn—continued dull, with a downward tendency in tices, We continue to quote western mixed at at 600, ‘heat—The mai ‘was inactive, at 980. for Wisconsin, and at 1060. for god Ohio, Nothing of importance to report in provisions. High wines, ne change. Shipping Intelligence. New Oarrans, Jau 18— Are ships N. Russell. New York; Oswego, Ingersoll. do; st Char! Hey Memph s, Baaker, do. rk Balhal Witminaton, NC. Jan 22—The joston, on coming into por her to leak so badly »s to ren: the bar, whie! ic necessity to rua Ler ashore. ADVERTISEMEN he toliowing has been sent us for insertion ; and as it is an important office, with a prospect of steady employment to the agent, and an immediate necesrity for his ser- vices, we give it this conspicuous insertion W ANTED—An enterprising Yankee, to act as agent at Halifax, N.8, for supplying the Frecch ‘sad American steamers with coal, and the Fre: with ugar, on their voyages from Europe to Amerion, He must be able to whittle attcks, dri bargaio,and pare vous to the Crapos. As good wages and permanent ment will be given, he munt devote his whole time to his business, and sleep with one eye open, espe- cially in foggy weather. Apply on the prem'ses, From St. Domuco —The schooner Huron, Capt. Hancock, arrived yesterday from Mira- goane, with accounts tothe Ist iast. Capt. H. siates that when troops were marching frum the Freach portion of the island to repel an expected attack or invasion from the Spanish part, put no very serious consequence was expectediromthese movements, The President is not popular, and trouble was aaticipated from some of his arbi- trary acts. Tue New York Herarn. late number of this journal, the circulation of which, we pre- sume, is more widely extended than that of any other ia the United States, contained nearly ten columns of mat- ter telegraphed from various points of the Union, ‘I'his js @a instanoe of newspaper euterpriee, without, perb; ee in this country, Cinelnnatt Chronicle, pat j