The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1848, Page 4

Prince William county, Virginia, in Fabru- apo 1788, and wae ys bon son of Mr Gra- ham, who was distinguished for his services in the revolution, particularly at Monmouth and at Brandywine. The son, whose remains were | before us, went to West Point in 1814, graduated | in 1817---s+rved first in aa exp*ditioa by appoint: | ment of General Jickson, to quell a disturbauce between the whites aud Choctaws, in which ser vice he received the warn aporoval of Creneral | Jackson. He served* next ia the Florida war, and did active duty as a brave soldier on the Wythluceochee, and at the memorable battle at Okeecnobee. [1 this war he reeeived two balls | in his body, which were never extracted, His! se'f-deninl, and his devotion to his sick | men, endeared him to the service. He always was ready to surreader his own tent to his sick | or wounded soldiers, and they obeyed him as mach trom affection as from discipline. H* fi talso uader General Taylor at Palo Alto, Resnes, aod in the three days fighting at Mou terey. He was with Geaera! Scott trom the bombardment of Vera Cruz to that most terr fic | and trightful combat at the fortress of Molino del Rey, where, under the immediate command of Mwor Gen. Worth, Lieut, Coi. Graham fell, pierced with eleven balls. Yet, such was the atl n of his command, that from amid the heaps of the slain, and, in the midst of the ter- rors of the fivht, they drew his body away from the mass, who were afterwards buried in ove common grave. The pastor argued that the so dier who dies in the discharge of his duty, dies as a Christian ought to die. f After singing aid prayer, and the benediction, the marines bore the corpse out of tue chureh to the hearse, followed by the relations of the dec ased, the clergy, the pall bearers, the Cabi- net, foreign ministers, officers of the army and navy, &e 4 The tine of procession was then formed. First the National Bines, second. the Light Intantry, then a band; then the Marines and baud; then the carriages with the reiatives of deceased; then a derachment of Marines; then the hearse, with the coffia and its remains; then the war horse of the deceased, in his military trappings; then the carriages of the President and Cabinet Diplomatic Corps, Army and Navy, and citizen; forming a loag procession, which proceede down the Avenue, up Capitol Hill, aud thence out two miles to the Congressional Cemetery, where the last religious and military obsequies were performed at the door of the tomb. He wasa noble, generous hearied man, and has left a bright name to his country’s glory. He was abrave soldier, and died as a soldier loves to die, inthe midst of the fight, and with the xpath of victory rising above the roar ee tle. A National Observatory. Wasnineton, Nov. 17, 1847. To rae Hon. Joun Quincy Apams—j Dear Srr—You did me the honor, yesterday, to ask that I would give a written description of the Observatory, with other information relating thereto, including an explanation of the object and uses of the different instruments I need not speak of the pleasure it gives me to comply with your, request; the only alloy to this pleasure is found in the circumstance that | li not the leisure, and if the leisure, not the ability to make the answer as {ull or as satisfactory as | would have it. ‘ Your efforts to advance in America the cau of practical astronomy, are knowa to the worl The lively interest which you continue to mir fest in all that concerns the Observatory, causes you to be considered as one of its most active and zealous friends. It is proud of the relation. It feels honored, and is encouraged by every ad- ditional proof of the interest felt by you in its pursuits and for its prosperity. As a subject for congratulation with one who has borne so conspicuous a part in establishing a Naval and National Observatory in this country, permit me to eall your attention to the interest which, since the establishment by the govern ment of such an institution, has commenced to manifest itself in the public mind in the cause of practical astronomy. The act of Congress founding this establish: meat, was passed in 1842. Since that time pub- lic meetings have been held, plans matured, and subscriptions proposed, in various parts of the for establishing observatories. It is not hazarding too much to say that within the last five or six years, more has beendone in the Uni- ted States to encourage and advance astronomical science, and that more has been added to the general stock of such knowledge, than during the whole period of our previous existence,cither as @ nition or a peoples and in this fact, the friends of the science do out recognise the first fruits of the seeds that were cast by you many years ago. There never has been, in the history of astro- nomy, a period of so much activity and ener- gy as the present. Within the last two year: the names of four new members have been add- ed to the list of planets.* Within this time the world he shed, and the m iest intelle idered wit ad- miration t been performed by mea engaged in astronomical pursuits ‘he most remote planet. knuwa to the system Was subject to perturoatioas from an uskuown ecsuse) = =The disturbance was far beyond the reach of the uneided eve;and was unkaowa to te Bat there were astronomers | sopic ision vhofor the Br * rte est ma- | P ing who,for the firs: tin».uadertook to tavest ma- | Lee ental peculiarities. them tical aaaiysis wih the space-penetrating power of th» telescove. They succeeded in th bold attempt, and from th: closet poiated the Odserver’s telescope to the Locus of the str. The circumsiances connected with th very o/ the plinet Neptuae,are alone suilic stamp the age in wh ch we live, as a remarkable era inthe progress of astronomy. So, too, with regard to Strave’s “Stellar Astronomy” aud Midier’s “Ceatral Saa.$° This object or point, invisible though it be, and incorporeal though it may de, has beea made to “tremble ou the verge ot aa sis? These illustrious savans,with a des | ree of probability and a furce of reasoaing that | hive every where arrested the attention tro- | nomers challenged the respect of mathemati- cians, have showa that the sua, moon, aad planets, with their train of satellites and comets, are in inetsen as a unit, if | may be allowed the figure, about some graad ceatre poised in the | Temote regions of space ; aad situated in the direction of the Pliades, towards the st Alcyone. Perhaps this point is also the ‘ Cen- tral Sun,” about which the suas of a thousand | other systems hold their w Our luminary, with its splendid retinue, is computed to revolve about this centre at a rate of net jess than thirty millions of miles a year; yet so remote is it, that many millions of our years are required for the completion of one revolution. Here, then, indeed, 1s an “annus magnus” of vast import. In the contemplation of it, may*we not regard those comets whieh dash through our system, Never to return, as lights sent from other systeins | to guide us on our way? Or, at least, may we | not feel assured that they answer w and use- | ful purposes in the great economy | I might point to other triumphs of mind over | matter, in illustration of the length of line } which astronomers and mathematicians are | casting out, to fathom and explore the regions | of space. , Pingre’s comet is just now about to make its appearance for the third recorded time, to the | inhabitants of the earth. On the occasion of its former visits, it carried terror and dismay to | the minds of kings and princes. In 1264, it was | e enger charged with the ex eution of sentence of death upon Pope Urban iv. asa ts next return, the Emperor, Charles V. ¢ wrote of it, “His ergo indiceis me mea Sata vocant.”’ Itis said thathe resigned hisergwn to prepare for the dread summons. It has now been gone for another period of ar three hundred years, and is soon to come back provided with an “arming” which will be | as significant to the astronomer of what it has encountered in the depths of space, as is of the depths of the ocean, the sand to the mariner, which adheres to his lead But so tar from its expected appearance, in | 1848, being cause of dread andalarm to powers and poteutates, its coming is looked for even by | the multitude, with a degree of eager interest, and will be hailed with pleasure and delight in many lauds P From _a mysterious messenger, bringing ti- dings of adreadful, potent and awtul calamity to ; aterror-stricken world, astronomy, by its pro- | gress, s changed in the minds of men the character of comets; they have been made obe- dient to law, subservient, insiructive and use- | ful to man, in his upward and onward progress. They teach important truths, and assist to re veul the secrets of nature. You yourselt may recollect the time when as- | jnyestigat tromers were called upon to quiet the public mind in one of the most refiued capitals of Europe, and sooth the dreadtul apprehensions with which the approach of a comet was regard- ed. Yet even during the short interval, such has been the activity and the progress in this depart- ment of science, that comets have ceased to be regarded as objects of terror sent, at long inter- vals, to warn or to punish; they are rather looked upon as tellow-travellers and instructive eom- panions to man in his journeys through space. Instead of years, scarcely a moath now elapses without the announcement that some new comet has been discovered; such 1s the activity of * Sines this was written another planet has been dir- Fiore is ite name, and it is the Sth in the fa. ly of Astroid: { Sir John Herschel’s Cape Observations is another of research. The ) Feorle in, Amarien b we osught up the spirit, and are beginning actively to en- age in astronomical pursuits.” You have had the subject, as far as this country is concerned, anxiously at heart for years: wherefore I consider the present occasion as one for congratulation. Pardon, therefore, the digression. The astronom cal instraments of the Observa- tory, with telescopes attached, are six. The regular observora, eight, Ist The West Transit Instrumeat, made by Ertel & Son, of Manich. Observers, Mark H Becher, ani Rael K-ith, Professors of Muthe- matics, U. SN 2ad. Tae Mural Cirele, made by Tungh'on & Simms, London, Ooservers, Thomas J. Faq and Charies Steedman, Lieutenants, and J. C Goffin, Professor of Mathematics. U. 8. N S41. The Meridian Circle, Ertel &Son. Ob- servers, William T. Muse, Lieutenant, and James Major, Professor of Mathematics, United States Navy 2 h. The Prime Vertical Transit Instrument, Pistor und Martins, Berlio: Ooservers, A Wayne, Lieutenant United States Navy, and James Johnson Pittigrew, a young mathema- ticina from North Carolina. Sih Equatorial, Murz and Mahler, Mu- nich. Occasional Observers, myself and Jo- seph 3. Hubbard, Professor. ot Mathematics, United S Navy. 6h. “Refraction Circle,” Ertel and Son, Manich. Observers, none. : Lieutenant Page is in dsily expectation of or- ders to sea, and Lieutenant Steedmin has been in training to take his place at the Mural. Hence the names ot three officers for that instrument. Professor Hu bard has beea recently detailed for duty not conneeted with che Observatory When he reruras, he will observe regularly with the 3 practicable I propose also to place Professor Keith atthe Refraction Cirele Itisa rule among astronomers to consider an additional assistant at an Observatory which has as many as two observers already employed, to be worth more than two better men at a new Ob- servatory. Considering that the expense of buildings, piers and instruments has already been incurred for this observatory, itis obviously in more con- formity with the principles of true economy to apply force enough to give the instruments full occupation whenever the weather will admit, than to have them only half manned, or feebly served. * Accordingly [ have constantly aimed te have at least two observers for each instrument: so that when, the night is clear there may always be aneyé for every telescope in the Observa- tory. But the unusual demand for officers afloat on the one hand and their anxiety for war service on the other, have made it difficult, during the last year, to keep at the Observatory its full com- plement of observers. | ‘ The West Transit instrument is mounted on the Meridian in the West wing of the Observa- tory. It has an object glass of 5.4 inches aper- ture, with a focal length of 7 feet 1 inch. A clock is an indispensable companion of this instrument, as a time-keeper of soine sort is of every asiron- omieal telescope. ‘The clock is a mercurial idulum, by Parkinson and Frodsham. Toe Transit instrument affords data for the de- termination of right ascensions. By it time is determined—clocks rated, ete. ‘The Mural Circle, with the Meridian Circle, is mounted in the East wing. It is 5 feet in dia- meter and has a telescope with an object glass of 4.1 inches aperture, and 5 feet focus, Mural Girele is for the determination of Declinations. By it latitude is also determined. “The Meridian Circle has a microscope bearer with 4 microscopes, and 2 circles of 39 inches diameter, one for degrees and minutes, and the, otner for seconds, connected with a telescope of 3.Sinches aperture, and 4 feet 11 inches focal length. Clock, mercurial pendulum, Charles Frodsh This clock answers also for the Mural. This instrument unites the transit instrument and the mural circle. It is for the determination of bath co-ordinates. wif ? The prime vertical transit instrument is mount- ed on the prime vertical in the first apartment of the south wing. It has no circle except a finder The telescope has a focal length ef 64 feet and 4.8 inches aperture. Clock, gridiron pendulum, Charles Frodsham. Bec This imstrument is also for the determination of rigat ascensions and declinations. But while it is capable of a higher degree of accuracy than any one of the aforementioned 1ustruments, t is confined to a more narrow field; it works more slowly; and cannot compete with its compeers in number or subjects of observation. They can observe all ‘objects that. appear above the horizon and cross the meridian—it, those only which cross its prime v i—which in this instauce embraces those stars whose parallels of declination are included between the equator and the zenith of this Ob- j Servatory. Tne declinations determined with this instru- ment are surprisingly accurate. it is capable of aflording results possessed of a higher degree of aceuracy perhaps than those obtained trom any ovier instruinent at present known to astronomy. This isin part owing to physical and mathemati- ciladvantages derived from its po-itioa in the + vertical, and partly to mechanical and in- ft is a new instru- ment; it Was iuvented by the direction of the Central Observatory of Russia, and thisis te only other instrumentot the kind except that. Its position frees its results from ani makes them independent of the effects and uncer- tanties of atmospherical retraction, and of the numerous imperfections and sources of error to Wuich instrum-ats with gradua- ted ares and circles are liable. Its pecu- lar construction and extraordinary facili ties of reversal, neutralize o Insirumen tal imperfections which are,also,fruittul sources of error whenever their effects remain for the skill und patience of the opserver to detect ond exp itis particularly weil adapted for invesug iting the provlem of Stellar Parrailax. ‘The equatorial has an object glass ot 9 6 inches aperture and fourteen and a halt feet tocal lengia. Itis provided with cloes work fur siderial mo- tion, and the observations are med from a sid rial chronometer rated by the clocks below. It rests in tue dome, aud surmounts a massive block ot granite, which is supperted by a conical pier of brick work, rising trom the foundation oi ng passing up in tsolation of the floors and uil other parts of the Observatory. Each one of the other instruments moves in the plane of but one great circle, and 1s capable of ob- serving only as the object to be observed crosses such yreat circle, which, with the first three named, 1s the meridian, and wita the 4th and 6ih the prime vertical. The object of the equatorial is to observe oc- cultations and eclipses, to determine the places of comets and planets by differential mieasure- ments. itis also used for measuring the angular distance aad position between double stars, for measuring the diameters of planets,ete. It may be turned for observations at avy time upon any object in whatever part of the visible heavens Its greacer optical und space-penctratiag powers, invest its labors in physical astronomy with exceeding interest, and give it other advautages which are not possessed by its me below, though for differential ubsidiary to and dependent upon their de- position it terminations The Refraction Circle has two microscope bearers, which carry six microscopes each; two graduated circles of four feet each, with divisions for every two minutes of on gold; and a tslessope of 58 ine ches clear aperture and eight anda half feet focal length. ‘This instruwent is new in its combinations aad con- struction. [t unites the exquisite accuracy of the Prime Vertical Transit instrument, with all the advactages, compass, sud capabilities of thy Mural Circle and Z-- nith sector. It isthe first of its kind ever made, aud was constructed from plans aud drawings prepared at this Observatory. The makers pronounce it to be the most complete astronomical { strument that has ever left their handa, Ite performauce, however, remains to be tried Equally adapted for mounting on the Meridian or the Prime Vertioal, it surpasses all (he first four mentioned instraments for power and compass; and in means for imparting accuracy to results, it possesses advantages which none of them have It is situated in the second apartment of the South wing, which has been extended to receive it. It is, at present, mounted on the Prime Vertical, but its ultimate destination is the Meridian ic is the only astronomical instrument which has ever been constructed wad mounted, that independent of any previous hypo-hesis iscapable of determining directly and iamediately the effect of atmospherical refractions in optically displacing the heavenly bodies. I: is the first instrument ever used on this continent for the in- vestigation of this most important problem; it will begin these investigations on the Prime Vertical and end them on the Meridian. fience it is called the Refraction Circle, though there are many other subjects and pro- blems towards the affording of data for the selution or ‘of which it is equally well adapted. Theory points to perturbations by the moon and planets upon the earth's centre of gravity. These daily disturbances, except as their effects are exbibited by the tides of the ocean, or marked by the barometor, have never, that | am aware of, been wade the subject of direct observation. ‘This instrument, therefore, suggests a class of oberva- tions entirely new. And it’ is proposed to undertal Abem; for, whether successful or not, the experiment will not be meediess; but in either event will be porsessed of both interest aad val In consequence of the tufluence of the moon and other bodies, the centre of attraction of the earth may be sup- posed to revolve about its geometrical centre it may be that this instrament is capable of determining, by actual observation, the orbit which one of these o Tue last comet twas first dissovered by « lady ot your own S:ate—(Miss Mitchell of Nantucket.) She hes ‘also computed its orbit. Thus Maria Mitchell's Comet is aoother evidence of the attention which the subject those grent works which mark the progress of and stamp the spirit of the age upon astrouomical pursuits of astronomy is exoiting in this couniry, this imetrument bas do} detect its minute . Permit meto explain— By turning i cope ey + al basin meroury, the image of spider. , which placed in the stellar focus of the object glass of the telescope, may be seam as though it were an ob- ject at an ivtinite distance Resortiag to this optical artifice, by which the most attenuated line is placed in the nadir and direotiy ia aline with the centre of grat tation, and taking advantage of the peoutiar and extra ordinary collimating powers of this instrament. it will | be impossible for any deviation of the p! ing on che surface of the earch to as much of the finest gossamer, from its normal stata, to escape observation Permit me to illustrate by au example Suppose the moon to be ou the meridian at its lower culmination, and that the spider lie in the focus of the telescope de made to osoult its owa image over & basi of mercury and a3 sven in the nadir, we shall then have che moat perfect plammet that can be dropped. The position of the telescope is then noted, and ia this position it remains Suppose now after the moon rises, ani reaches that altitude im the east wnich ber disturbaucsof the pluumet is 4 maximum, that the teleacope’ is again examined aud the spider-throad aud its tmage found to be mo longer in occultation ‘This, us- suming stab lity iu all other respects to be perfecs, will be owing to the fuct, that the centre of asiraction has cbsaged its position, and passed, aleo, to the eust of the ometrical centre, #0 to speak, of the earth, aad, in consequence, the mercury in the basin has adapted it- xelt vo this new centre, aud, therefore, changed its ia- climation, by an. amount equal to the defection that would be produced upon the plummet. The maximum effect of this change, bring seea by reflection, is appa- rently doubled When the {moon reaches a like altitude west, the seme teks placa. But, im this instance, the image appears to the wert, end of the east of the real ikread, and the effect is agein doubled, bat on the side opposite the Gras Thus the maximum devia- oa will be multiplied four times, acd so multiplied, will be brought uadsr ths higher: caeqnityiag powers of the iastrament for detection vad observation. The facility with whick the instrument is reversed, and the manner in which it is supported on its pier. will impart to its results, a degree of confidence as to ac- curacy of determinutfon, that but few instruments have ever afforded But it woald bs aitogethe: out of place, ture, to discuss its powers here, or to anticips i, therefore, pass on to che other subjects upon which you desire information According to the British Association for the advance- ment of scienca, the vast sums of money which have been spent by astronomers in do.ag overgugain what has bean better dong elsewhere, ia determining astronomical data, migh® have almost created new sciences of obser- vation Not to make this Observatory liable to such a charge, a plaa has been adopted for its iabors which, while the plan seeks to avoid doing over again what hag already been well done, aims ut results both useiul to the world and creditable to the country. Tho general outlines of this plan are to keep uparegalar und systematic serie of observations upon the sun, mou and planets and cer- tain fundamental stars, with the view of procuring data for the Awerican Nautical Almanac, But the observers and instruments are capable of many more observatio 5 than these; aud with the view of fully odcupying the time of each, I, at an early day, proposed regularly aud systematically to penetrate, with our excellent tele- scope, every point of spice in the visible heavens, with the view of assigning position and magnitude, and of cataloguing every star, cluster, nebulae or object that should pass through the field of view. Leave was souzht and readily granted to carry this plan into effect,and the labor of near two years has already been expended upon it. A catalogue of about 1200 stars, most of them unknown to existing Saves is the result of the first Year's work in this eld. The plan originally contemplated and designed is to sweep over the same belt twice, but not on the same uight, nor with the same instrument or observer. Sup- posiug the conditions of atmosphere, instrument and eye to bu the same, all the stars, aod no more, which are observed during the first sweep, should be observed du- ring the second. The work in this case is complete. But suppose, and this is generally the case, that are observed in one sweep which are not observed in the other, tae Equstorial is then turned upon the same belt to reconcile discrepancies ; so that nostar may be enteredin the catalogue without having been made the subject of ob- servation at least twice, and each time on a different oo- cusion, by @ different instrument and observer. Inaddi- tion to this, the plan, as originally designed, contem- plates mensures of distance and angle of position upon all double or multiple stars, accurate drawings and de- scriptions of all clusters and nebulae. No astronomical work on such an extensive scule has ever been executed or attemp'ed. The value and it oT of it are manifold, but difficult of full estima- on The intention is to make a contribution to sstronomy worthy of the nation and the age, and so to exroute the undertaking, that futuce astronomers in ail time, may say of it, euch a star was not visible in the heavens at the date of the Washingtoa Catalogue, because it is not there, and each a star that is now missing, was in the ‘heavens because it is in that work. Such, at least, is the pointaimed at. How far we shall tall short of it remains for results to show. These ers priacipal subjects of observations. ‘There are many others; but to recount them would make my letter ous; | therefore pass thera by. Great undertakings, such us is this catalogue, whose value end importance are ccnfined to no conatry and \imited to no age, are beyond the power of astronomers workisg siagls-handed, “They require a large force and abundant facilities, such as individuals caanot afford, and therefore fail peculiarly within the province aud du- cies of goveramust. It is to be ® contribution to rci- ence worthy of a great uation It is to extend beyond the age in which We live, and reach p-sterity with last- ing benefits. If, therefore, a grand catalogue be ua- dertakea at all, n0 !abor she be spared for giving it weight and authority in ali time to come; ail facilities, means aud appliances shoul be alforded the Observa ry, which are calculated to give useful embellishment to such » work, to impart interest, or add to ite value. To make it complete. researches in the higher departments of physical watronomy ars wanted, {hese cannot be conducted in the manner the m tisfactory to the world aud creditable to the nation, wishous the aid of a more powerful telescope than aay whica the O pservato- ry now bas . There is a strong and commendable feeling of national pride among the people of the United States What. ever the country undertakes to do, they desire to see well done = [| bave reason to believe that this feeling ob tains as etrongly with regard to ths Observatory, now tbat it is in operation, as it doos with regard to any otber sutjecs whatever. | refer with pride to this trait ia the chiraoter of the American people, for it causes them to desire never in rational undertakings to bu bebind other countries Accordingly, | have consuited the most celebrated ar- tists of Europe as to the eost and size of the largest Re- fracting Telexeope eqaatorially mounted that can be uade The largest wlescope of the kind in the world and the largest that it has hicherto been thouzht possi- bis to constract, has an object glass of but eigaieen inches in diane Taat of this observatory has an ybject glass of only 9 inches, and there are two othersin autry nearly or quite double the size of this + celebrated opticians und principal makers of r ‘racting telescopes, Mera & Son ef the Fraunhoffer es- tablishment, woo have been consulted on the rubject, o risk their character and reputation asthe roost renowned makers fa the world upon an object glass of 24 incles clear aperture. They tave made the li- | beral offer of such an instrument for $120000 And it | will require four or five years to complete it. I hazard but litte in ssying that @ telescops of this ption, mats with the usaal exill and sac- a4 of these calebrated maXera, would sarpass #1 oth- era in its astronomical periormauces. It would b: re- garded by practical astroaomers and thos engaged in che researches of physical astronomy as the most supecb inetrumeat in the w And what would bs the cost of such wn instrument to the people of the United states’ Oaly # taif of a cent per head ‘They are enlightened, free, aud intelligent; and would they, think you. when they are reminded of the prac tical importance and value of astronomy in the daily affairs of lite, whether as between man abd man, or na tion and nation, grudge an appropriation for such @ purpose ? ‘There is n0 department of solence which is more inti- mately connected than astroaomy, with the interests whether of government or people by astronomy the length of the year is established. the rising and setting of the sun are calculated, and tims itself, in all its rela- tions, is measured, fixed, or determined’ Tho man of busiuses, whea he looks at his w: toh for the hour, i# as much indebted to astronomy for the ability punctually to fulfil bis engagemonte, as (he farmor, when he consulta his almanac fur the phares of tue moon When « boundary line is to be established between this countr vad St y wud # neighboring nation, or between State of the coniederacy, it is done by astronomy. Jatitudes and longitudes of lines and points,on the | owrth, ave determiaed by the positions of the stars or | other bodies, as wé find them ree ad by European | observers if there be mistekes in the declinations whioh thoy assign to starafthers will be also like mis. takes in the latitude whieh we det rmine from them,and | it would bs quite an consistent with true national self respect, to send for European eurveyors to ran our | bonndary lines, as it is to look to Enropeun astronomers to deteriaius for us the (ras positions of the stars, with- out the positions of waich stars, those bound sries could not be rua Withoat the guides and helps of astronomy which have been Kindiy and gratuitously furniened by other | nations, we could have no navy. 110 ship), 20 commerce or if we had, our ships could never ventare across the ocean, or out of sigat of our own shores But for the Nautical Alraanac of England or other European countries, and (he labors of their observato- ries and astronomers, the Ametican rhips now abroad, could not find their way home But for the principles of practi metes aud bounds of lauded estates could neither be re- covered nor preserved, {tis true tue lines of # survey are ruo by the compass, but the compass is not true nor stable its errors can be detected ouly according to a8 tronomical investigations. The needie neither polats to the pole, noria the same direction for any length of time, It in always varying, and the amount of such Wa riation is the subject for astronomice! determination, Ihave a letter, now before me, from «surveyor in & neighboring State,informing me that the landmarks of survey run. ooncury since, snd which he has now to rua over, have been obliterated But lie states his com- and asks for information to enable him to what they now should be, to reproduce the same linea Similar calls are, by no means, unust Considering their frequency and importance, 1 may be exoused for ruggesting here a law in every State, re- quiring for (he venefit of posteriry, that Hereafter all deeds of conveyaxes in which the nivtes and bounds of realeccate are set forth or described, should expressly state the variation of the compsas at the timeof the survey. We take a woight, or measure a rod, and call the one ® pound, the othera yard Bur use. decay, time, and heat, | estronomy, the produce their effects, and these measures are altered, changed and lost for forever. If preserved in their tangi ble shape. they are no longer of the same valus. But aa- tronomy furnishes ao invariab @ unit tor weight and mea- eure which never changes; aud nations are continually in the habit of consuiting it for the benefit of their peo- ple, Every person, therefore, who buys and sells by for any, the slightest error or mistake, may prove disas- trous both to property and life in ull parts of the world The superintendeat of the Observatory could not uu. dertake to superiutend tue Nautical Almanac, in detail, without wholly neglecting his other and equally impor- taut duties, He might, indeed, have the eral direc- tion of it, 6 far as to say what it should contain, from whet sources the muterials to be embodied ia it should be obtained, aud what tests, examinations and preof it should undergo im the preparation, &o. But there ' should be @ special and subordinate su- dent of the the Nuutical Almanac, whose should be confined to the details of the and to nothing else. He will require the assis- of @ small corps of compators; for every calculation should be repeated at least twice, and by at least two computors, each working indspendent of and without the knowledge of the results obtained by the other. In the foregoing accouut, are included only « portion of the duties performed at this office, and mention has been made of bat a part of the force engaged The Observatory is, literally, also a * Depot” of charts and instruments for the Navy. Here charts a1 purohased, Prepared and distributed; nautioal books supplied, instruments, ete, furnished to our public vessels, Before a chronometer is pur- chased bere for the government, it is tak-non trial for a year, during which time it is carefully compared with 9 standard clock, that @ record may be kept of its performances, which record is required with the utmost nicety, and embraces the hundredth part of asecond. There are some sixty or eighty chronometers alone in the office whose rates are kept with such care Besides these there are numerous other instruments which demand mush attention. ere 10, much hydrographical duty to be perform- ad: Charts are to bs corrected or compiled; and dertaking has been commenced here of preparing aad current” charts of the three grand cceans, vi: Atlantio, the Pacific, and the Indian. These charts are intended to generalize the experience of navigators, in such a manner that each may have be- fore him, at a glance, the experience of all. The track of exch showing the time of the F ge the prevailing winds and currents encountered, with all other iaforma- tiow obtained is projected on the charts. The first sheet, of which there are eight, of the Atlantio, drawn by Wil- liam B. Whiting, Lieut. U. S Navy, has already been published, the othe: veven are in the hands of the en- gtaver. I send, herewith, a copy cf sheet I, and ask the favor beat ar to acceptit. It relates to the Gulf of Mexico, and you will observe that it exhibits the prevailing our: rents and wiads of that region at @ glance, and with o persplcuity, certuinty and generalization that written accounts cannot ive Books, if I may so say, impart information through the ear—these charts through the eye, and, therefore, in QmARDER, and form much more condensed and av: le You will observe, by this chart, that the general cur- rents in the Gulf of Mexico are almost as regular in their courses and as sharp ia their outlines, as is the Mississippi river itself So hat, with this sheet asa guide, a vessel, by turning a little to thy right, or a lit- tle the left, accordiag to its indications, may convert an uafayorable inte a favorable current, and the reverse. Another important result to flow from these charts is the removing of all doubt as to those *Vigias,” inclu: ding rooks, reefs and shoals, which, by reasoa of the ua- certainty as to their existence and position, disfigure the best general charts, harrass navigators, and stand in the way of commerce. There is, also, a regular series of Meteorological Obser- vations kept here. For this purpose there js always an officer on duty night and day, whois, also, ae, with subsidiary computations in connection with ironomi- cal results. Besides these duties there are various others which, taken in the aggregate, give, with the abeve men- tioned, constant em; 1 geno to the three Lieutenants and = ven Passed ipmen, who have mot been named. These officers are Lieut. Joseph C. Walsh, in charge of nautical books, maps, charts, and instruments. Itis his duty also to keep and prepare, for examination, records showing the performance ot each chronometer, and the condition of every other nautical instrument, book and chart, with reference to its fitness for service. Lieutenants D. D. Porter and Wm. B. Whiting find constant employment as Hydrographers. They are spe- cially engaged, at ent, with the ‘wind and current oh ”” already alluded to The materiels for which are obtained from the Log Books of the Navy. The officers charged with the meteorological records and observations are, Passed Midshipmen Jor. S. Kennanp, Samven B. Canter, Geo B. Biseext, Wituus H. Sairn, Heray K.Davexront, Samven B. Evuiott, Gro. M. Ransom. These officers are also employed as computors and as assistants in preparing the Astronomical Observations of 1946 for the press, and with various other duties of minor importarice too tedious im thelr details for des- cription here. ith high considerations of respect and esteem, I remain, very truly, your friend and obedient servant, M. F. MAURY, Lieut, U. 8. Navy. Hon. Joun Q. Avam: Boston. Jan 22, 1843.—41 Amoskeag Manufacturing Com- pany, 1050; 2 Laconia Mauufactaring Co, 860; 2 Massachu- setts Muls 900; 5 State Banu 54; 6 City Bank 90; 3 Boston & Worcester Kuilroad, 116; 6 Boston and Maine Railroad 115; 20 Northen Railroad 9234; 5 Kastern railroad 103; 9 Western railroad 103%; 1 do 103%: 60 Western railroad rights 30¢;_ 131 do. 25e; 19 Uld Colony railroad, 88; M sock Tallroad 7236; 25 Norwieh an ter 3 it Bosion Uo. 11%. At duction —45 shares West 44.4% per et, adv.; 20do Vermont Central do cent; 21 dot 4g per ceatady.; 12 do N ton and Providence ‘to 9534 09544 per cent.; 15 Y sucance Co. 88 2 8794 per cent ; 6 do Boston and Maine rail- soad stock 143¢ adv; 5 do Rutlan:! do 89 per et.; New England Worsted Co. 65 per et ; 3do Liberty Square Ware- house 16234; $3,000 City 6’s, 2 years, 98: MARITIME HERALD, a ct 29 | Nov 5) Port au Prince, Nov 8/ Porto Cabello... Jan 9 | Point Petre, Nov 29 | Pernambu: Singapore Sa Ni Syaney, NSW SUN Rises SUN sets. Ship Auatertitz. (of New Osleans) De Briaset, Tri days to order. 4th mst, off South Shoat of Nantucket, passed a quantity of spars with rigging attached, ep; arently not long ow, 45 days, im the water. Ship Harmon a, Churehitl, Gla th mdse and 85 steernge parsengers, to Dunham & Dimoa. = Ship Montreal, Dixey, New Orleaus, Jan 1, with mdse to Harbeek & Co. ‘Jan 7th, off Cape Canavral, exchanged sig: uals with ship New York. beth Ellen, Tyler, from New Orleausfor ied in company with bark Ovando, for New Berr, New Orleans, Jaa 6, aud 15 days Pass, to W. Nelson, Ship Camden, Sherwood, Charleston, 10 days, to Dunham & Hiricish bark Naomi, Wright, Liverpool, 66 deys.with mse d 218 0 Ww d ms & jon. Sth an A red a severe gale of w: in which lost fore and main yard | sto in lat 35 314, lou 62, lost foremast. tor qallaut yard, and sails, head of foremast, and received othe, damaye in hail, sails, and rigging. British buk Krronrang’, Kom ey, Glesgow, 45 days. to or- ld. from New: from the west, &e., also ou 7th Janaurs der. 19th inst, lat 40, lou 65 spoke sehr lewry for New York, with 40 posvengers; Br brig Como, from St Joho for Newfoundian! :xperieaced very heavy weather for the first 28 days, with wind from N W to SW. Mark Adeline & Klin jaker, Bordenw days, to J Du- rand & Co. i L, saw a ship’s mast Dee 24th, Int 38 10, with a yard and piece of Bark Missouri, Silv Dec IA, to hamber a on it m Ulysses ina, Nov 24, passed Gibraltar ‘i mouth, ass) Bartlett, Bordeaux, 38 wright, ‘Slack, Ragged Islnd, 15 days, to Nes ith oe Ish. *Bark St Lawrence, Waite, New Orlenns, 21 days, to Badenr & Peck. 7th i hk 37, lon 81 25, spoke ship Chas Carrotl, mist of and from Boston for N ofptiik Ovando, (ot Belfast) Marden, New Orleans, 23 days, vo sritisn brig Emerald, Simm, Newry, Ire.,9 days, in ballast, ., to @ Buikley. Mr m the 20h inst. 8 days, to @ Bulkley, ri lays, with sogar and mo- Jasees. to Pond, Gilm Sehr Daco:ah, Smith, Brandywine, 4 days, cornmeal, Schr Victoria, ——, Virg Eloop Pinnter, —, Bag ts bloop J L Lawrence, — ith oil, Bediord, with oi. Below. pbark, Thetis, Crosby, New Orletns, to Crosby, Crocker & ase tt Clarke, Matanzas, to Read & Hoppock, Ale} bares brig, waknown. mia = ernie Se ITEM: nano acre of tanger ice Micralite a pate Petes ¢ : Sh eo prs) a P, Berga The Torgvina ceresee Rimes, fee Bie allt Asie ie : ‘The reasons and considerations which call for the es- Crit . on ‘and not a8 ASTOR woUSE. tablishment of standards of weights and mea- Port Jervias Titi iss, I call like force, propriety and urgency for Notice to Ki y ry A fe national standard of astrenomics! results. T! re- ight ship President, as wap learn. from the Edgartown icComber, do: T H Home, Mis sults are com in the term, and incladed in beea “* patched uo,” and will resume her station WC Cutter, 1; T Gartshorae, a. the work, styled, “The Nautical Almanac.” end Pigs’ roel, about at Veh. | The Gasstte ap- SD Chepehann Wayne ean aon ‘Tho advantages and im; of such & work are ob- pa Biel eewe santa ents Serithes Govemioas ‘Boston; 'W Marey, Washington i Ti vious It is unnecessary to point to them here Srawzey, (Falkland Islands,) Sept. 13, 1247. ath 5 ‘HX will merely mention that the Nautical Almanse | gic ‘rhe number of vessels that are continually, passing aud -. should puted and published, at least three years East end of these isiands, aud the few vesr im advance, so that ships, departing on long cruises, Port, are attributed to the igrorauce of mi Troy; J D Ma may be furnished with a copy. That it ts 4 work whieD there is.2 British settlement, where home a oopergenti 2 requires muoh labar and great care in the preparation; Therefore, the Governor has caused | Vhijmpson, Litchfield.) ase iaed embroke, the aug ala’ ou, painted wi entering Port William, jernmost part of the wd red. pilot will come off to CLINTON HOTEL. Worcester; A Tucker, do; Jas T Cra ris, New York. EAMELEN HOTEL, NY; Jam ef, icut; J Whi ngbargh; WF Bus Little Faiis; A. Dickson, 3 © weynolds, do; k Pritchard, Cou HOWARD WOTEL. Boston ; Nobert H Frothingham, New Fork ; Johu Kose, do; CK Tisnlt, Boston ; 5 Parker, do; JC Metlure, New Osleans ; Mr’ Buruett, Newark ; Mr MeManus, Heading; J Baldwin ‘Trov: 0 Pi J Gray, ¢ ‘t MeDouaid, Wheelisg L C Platt, New Mori. JUDZON'S HOTEL. L Robixson, Webster; NR Benton, Connecticut; J G Trumbull, Norwich; Ed Uhapell, do: J’ Hersron, Philadel hia: D Pratt, N Jersey; W Lord, Philadetphia; EC Lanier, ison, Johan ©. Wymai Keaweky; BC JL Leach, Park, Pitisbi them. ‘The beacon can be seea at a distance of about five miles at sea, 6 J.M. DEAN, Agent to Liuyd’s. W. Dosson, Esq., Secretary, Lioy: a ‘ppents to tts secompanied by peared of coral for- matiou, the bott m very uneven, and quite visible iu 15. te choms, though 33 Cw homs was the least found, there may b= ver some of the large rocks. Wheu the boat was auchor- he centre of Pulo Sapsta bore NW by W. wud the current setting EB 3g N, 236 mies en hour, strong ripple to the eastwa'd, Flom the beariugs and the letitude by ian altitade of the T imske the Reef from the cen Palo Sapats 8, 60 dex: , distant 4 miles snd the Great Catwick just shatcng im with the south end of Pato sapata—at noon, Gctober 5th, 1847. The ree! > pearedt be sbout 500 feet in jengtn, and abont 200 tn bread Ship’s piace at noon, lati.ude 9 degrees 7 miuutes north, lon 109 deg, 234 miantes east of Greenwich. ‘Whalemen. A letier from ship Atlantic, of NL reports her on Coast Kamschatka, June i6, with 3960 bbls oi!—had takeu 5 whales LOVEJoy’s HOTRL. ‘ 3.J Goodwin. Water New York; O Hazzsrd, Madi- tou: & ¥ Thompson, WU Defront, Couneeticut; J Murry Vermont; L 1 “mith, Bostou; D Mice, Claremont, NH; Fernie, New Jersey; J Egerton, C Siate, Albany; GE John- son, New York; Chis a-A\ ‘a parks, 0 leton, Yortland; NA Starkey, ¢ pamsodiont: | me erownell, Newport; this. eason, aud was then amoug whales > weather gvod. Ke: | gers. Boston: E Avery, NW Kissame Utien mwew York: k rts haviag spoken the following ships previous to Je 16th; | toot, South arolint orgs, Washington, Holt, NL. 2900 bie Stentor, Rureet RATHBUN’S HOTEL. ; « Cleaiats, Bailey, do, ss tence Hicks, i 4 ; Hice, do, 3200 bbls: (sen Williams, Ward, do, 2300 bbls.” | prj A¥, Kelsey, Michigan; Mrand MraD Richmond, & Root, en. i Spor UNITRD STATES HOT! Schr Palestine, Ryder, for Boston, Jon 21, lat 37 98, lou 74 42 i J Bedford, Mass; D Turtle, Keadii + | Haven; LM Hardy, Newtown; RI Port av Prior, Jan Bark fm Maveguez, rt juat arns brig Alert, Wright, for days; seht Urbana, Weterto ‘Smal, for New York, 3 ds. "Sid Dec 31. Buriesh, bargent, * New York. Going in, brig Peraviau, from Wilming: | Xorki, 4 cope. ‘a Gale, Merida: GE Fern ; — Bri ee ale, Meriden; C F. Ferris, acct DoNINag Crzv, Jan Brig Balzone, Carman, of Cam | ft Hosa cht A eee ware; © G Thompton, N Haven; JG McMurray Home Ports. burgh; 8 Woodford,Conn; J Osmond, Delaware New Bupronp. Jan 20— Arr schr Comelia, Young, NYork: | Bo Mr Ingersoll, do Hi sloop Republic, Sowle, N Yor Beecher, New Haven; J M Provipence, Jan 21—Arr brig Porto Mico, Grant, Philad; | A Hubbard, Conn, A Languir, Glasgow. ney Sasan E, Johnson, NYork; Thomas Peterkin, Avery, do. WESTERN HOTEL 0. »p Capitol, Oaks, di _A Paul, Newmarket; G Morse, L T Potter, C & Potter, Pro- (SS vidence; Sidaey Pianey, Hartford; 8 H Grosvenor, Norwich, ngers Arrived. Conn Paseei Guascow—Ship Harmouia—Meas:s A Finlay, 8 Muir, Wm Moore. Guasaow—Bark Erronrauga—Mr A D Taylor, Moatreal— 10 in the steerage. P Livenroou—Bark Naomi—Johu Leng. Vonveavx—Bark Adeline & Lliza—Nr Duffrechou, Miss Emestiue Mecon, iwa—Bark Missouri—Mr Joseph Jeffrey. wp Bestest —J Wiley, U.S.A. ADVERTISEMENTS NEW EVERY MORNING. Sd Rerat GURLEY, AUCTIONEER.—SPL! London Mingravings—On Wednesday mornin: past 10 o’clock, will be sold by ROYAL | 304 Broadway, a Large and Splendid collection of ele- New Onuraxs—Ship Silas Holmes—Dact J Frazier Head, | gant, tngravings, cousigued by a well known publish- Mr Audrew, HN Deforeat Capt Samuel K Collings, Mr Wm | ing honse in London, including¥many costly, and | be Shannoa, Mr Edward Moses—24 1m second cabin, lal prints, Among them is tion of Wickliffe, splendi CHARLESTON—Brig Moses—U C Chickering, @ M Sawyer, | ly colored; Death Bed of John Calvin; Death of a Sta ML Aymer. Gleu Tilt; Denth of the First Bom; Napoleon at the ty: mids; jentlemen’ CuaRteston—Brig Ty bee—Messrs A N Bertram, F Root, DC Smith. Fretaresque Views of Gi Agony aud Resurrection; Chris feannie Deans and Rubens Bu ! is Spanish Sketches, fol; Vivian's Spain and Port Plates; Prout’s France ‘and (Switzerland, 26 plates; Heirie ’s Seats; Chri i Be Foreiga importations, Livsrroot—Ship New Worid—1 pkg mdi D Coope—3 Wolfe & Buhop—2 J Condit—i Haruer, Hayes & co—8 ACN | views on the Danube; Lumer’s Rivers of England, 21 plates; Pinson & coll Alien, Hasen & co-I Sill & ‘hompson—3 | Hichardsoa’s Architectural Remains; Blighted Hope, aud Davis & Jones—2 E J Brown & co—2 Conant, kilis & co—2 | First Affections; Prince Arthar’s Vision; Going to Church; Halsted: Haines & cot Clark, Southwell & Tiiden-=i W | Plandering Basing Houses with Key. by 5 Burrender Bryce & ec—4 PA& RJ Luqueer—#(; W & J Moore & co— | of Mary Queen of Scots; Panoramic View of the Thames, $4 Atuold & co=3 Clapp & Neat—i Fellows, Van Armadale & | feet long: set of 16 Views of London and Birmingham; View Cooper—2 H Andrews—L exe } ewis & Farman—60 H Wright, | of the Khise; Time and Tide Wa't for no Man; The Rose Brarger & Bhaw—2 Jackson & Undeshill—2-M ily & co—26 | bud and Sensitive Flani; Dress and, Undress; Smugglers Rasseil & Mirsh—7 Coffin, Bradley & co—9 Connell Bros—6 | Quarrelling; Highland Hospitality,i&e , with many other beautiful pretures. ‘They are now arranged for exhib Q. 0, F—A SPECIAL SESSION OF THE R. w. T. 8:04 Eoaue, Ur the state of New York, will be held (Monday) evemng, Jan. 2th, ar National Hall, Canal street, at 736 2 jeloek, to get upon tivo applications for Char. tee *. Hepresentatives will please be Kuctaal JOSEPH Reta YEON, Grant Master, Bo4ko—s GENTLEMAN WILL GIVE $8 Ox $10 per week for board, in a family where there are no board: jon. Tweedy, Moniton & Plunkett—5 Jomes, Leffato & co—8 Adri- e, Stronk, Fielt, Merritt & co—21 Wright, Latimer—4 Carter, Halsey & Baldwim—8 Mellvain. 1 W Houghwout—12 Freeland, Stuart & co—i2 H Ki Bassntt & Aboro—1 Hosmer, Hossic & Huvbard—4 Crowell ht & co—11 Greenway, Henry & Smith—2 Fellows, Van Aredall & comt Nesmith & 'co—3.A W Spies & C Pe son—20 Ibbotson & Wood—21 Rigg, t'abcock & ¢6%3 Norton, Wiuslow & co—8 Howe, Mather &co—3 Spalding, Thom: & Vail—! Feres, Tames & Sous—1 Fulger, Alvord & co— 6 Fuller & co—2 Mortimer & Gawiry—3 D Douglas—1 8 8C rk—M4 Lord & Paylor—1 reclaud, Stewart & Co—é C | ers. Address “2,” Herald office. babe con? D Perkite Se soot 8 Oi Heinen 8 1 Hey AD; | FNGRAVINGS COLORED IN A NEW AND SU- %& Strong—6 Lee & Case—8 AK End—I2 F Bulky & periorsiyle by Wan, H BUTLER, No, 251 Broadway, 7 Bramall, Abernethy & co— Bah sad | where specimens cau be seen of the various pictures publish: ce D Harjen & Son—Alex 8 Stewart & co— by inion, and other in¢ividuals, the style being Hall Bro’s & Cot 3 Waring 3 9 BD Herriv- 3 I Lotuclex. | entirely new, aud much superior to any thing ever belore ask A Ellis 13 D Hadgen & Som—i0 Nevin & Comal | brvuaht before the public, lant Bro’s—5 Stantor i at tt Sheroan--23 Beale Bash & Cont Al 8 Collin & Cool Garaer | PRIME OLD IRISH WH /SKEY—THE SUBSCRIBER ym & Com Hughes Ward & ( o—64 Kliiman Bro’s—1 L days fro 4 os : & Co—S Barry & Way—s HO Miggins—1 W. Fisher=2 Hon- Cl CORE WHER Ex, whieh be Kins & Allens 4 8 Coffran ZW Redmons—i9 J Gihon & | Tasola. an early application is necessary. Apply to DAN'L Comat Bard Giltinn & Cong ‘pooker Mend & (o-ot Ballerbue | RISO ANE rrucatgy te ty jr & Com2 W eer J T Jones & Co—5 W 2binnt & Syms—2 A. Balksup~7 Butterfield Bro's & Co—5 cRe— ase Walker Wheskwiishije Me Comal Jon Faliner | CAUIION FOr Alvan he Sst atau, fem he bare: iagston re en I. dd 1A HS Thorp & Cons J Gibson & Coma 8 G | Ment of No. LAT Chambers suet, 4 gold detscned Lever er—6 Oakley & Fox—3 £ Rowells—i J Gill—1 Lyman a white dral, wil a chased to Couverse & Pomeroy—12 A Bell & Son— 14 P lien & Calgate ; id. chatu, < sAdltatant AD Storia Me, fon Boag res | fptod inked th opt wonky comet by iene jos T Prosser -40 Richardeon, Watson & Co— | of Common curb chitin, with an enamelled key. -F: and o hers are requested to stop the same, if offe bi 61W Chaccey & 33 Wis & com L. V Kirby & ii " $a Hane & coa G Maton JM N Doguely’ & com] Van | 424 27eward of $20 will be ped for ue recovery ot ths Weis 2 Boca, Bes yauric’ 8 coed) HEE He pe ke oe aT 'D | DUTT. at the Mayor's Ofice, crto Officer Bowser. Ha ghe & co-5)W kT Tapscott & co—1291 hars 300 bdls irou Bleecker & Outhout 198 bars 275 bdls do CeSeymour & co—332 bd'sdo Wetmore ¢go—58 do # Clarke & co—$00 du Kemys & Samson—660 bdis JH Abce! & co—21; bars K Waterman &'co—2 cks Adams & com Opabe & 213 bara iron D W Wilson & co—li7 brs 80 bale Hy & J Hopicins—195 boiler plates 16 bar# 30 bd!s togers. Ketchum & Governa:—l case J Nepier—1801 iron .07 bdls vo KR Waterman & cu Frovidence—75 cs 120 bai steal 2 aylor & co—1 vox specie 405 bars iren 139 bales and cas order. Liverroot—Bark Naomi—2%7 invots zine Liwreace Mai- ANTED—A JOURNEYMAN BARBER—ON«: OF steady habits. 4 pply 566 Broadway. ANTE! YOUNG MAN WHO WAITES A good busine: hand, and has some knowledge uf meccau- tile busivess. The persou employed will be closeiy confined to buawess. Also, messenger Boy. Apply be- tween@ aud 12 o'clock To GAS. £ FOSS, NeY. and Boston Telegraph Office ¥., Jan. 24 1 OVERNESS—WANTED, BY A YOUNGLADY, A Ww OD cay & legate—39 bags rivets JS Worth—91 tone pig ston d s.twation ax goversess. She is fally qualified to teach ihe Sissons, of Frovidense—s639 bars irou 200 buadles GW Shields | rudiments of Freuen, Music, aud a xood Bogiwh education. SK co— 363 pieces raroad 170" 100 tous coal to order, ‘Auv letter audreased to M- A. at this office, ‘will meet with Giasaow—ship Harmonia—40 box mmediate atte: tion. Bulkley & Co~74 Lit- tle & A\deu—33 do—9 bales A’ Stew: t & Comi6 bules 39 bxs Butterfield & Brom Farnam & Co—27 Paelps Chittenden & PUBLIC HOUSE FUR SALE--—THE PUBLIC Biiss—17 L iret Ga} ‘0-121 Rogge Babeoek & Co—9 G Hous?, No. 22 Dusne street, cousisticg of lease, stock ard J Browne & Cot DW Catlin—i03 A Mitchell & Co- 11 W | fixta es, ac a barguin—possession given penne. The Lngtis & Co—148 Sauds Fuller & Co—I¢ Cuming Dodge & Co | vince 1s'closed at present, bu be seen from 9 A.M. until 4 15 W Whitenwringht—126 smith Thurgers & Wo—52 M.A great chance for any person wishing to engage hun- wrdson Watson & Comi5 Tweedy Moniton & Plimpto se fin the abuve business. at mee Lord & Tay- eauis o. Woo, & Const Stone ven Sn— 19 L Ce flia Predlen & Co—2 Bowen & Med orm14 Paton i DRUGGIST.. AND THERS. t for producing insensibility to pain le wholesale aud retail, by &D- Mtewart—32 \HK CHULERA-THE LONVON DISPATCH OF ‘lace date says Son & Bro’s—150 tons pi gar & Co—3 punch WI fom Gal, Vou Veuingh have Tyceuved 8 coamapiagtien asks 3 bales 100 tons pi n 4 pascheons whiskey to order. hss . Vou Veitinghoff, M D, reside to Chadwell Guascon ~Bark Ercomangid boxes Smith “Thurgar feo | feet, Middletown Square, in'which he states (shew th =78 do Richardson & ¥/ atsou—M4 Stone Swau & co—l6 pkgs | ‘he was racing iu Viena, Dr. Vareeaetier = ff Physi Austin Spicer & co—3l A Miceheil & ¢. bdes James Lee & co—100 casks blexc! ba ty 180 tone ig, on 4 ing powders 52 do so- 50 bb!s cement | box aud 209 tons pig iron to oruer yt les rags 5 casks c.eam tar & logate—120 do reymour & co—! box otto roses 5 casks cream tartar Dutih! & Cou bal seed Wicheih:usen & Maiu- Rolker & M: 2 oper ¢ ouly medi ine that will totally and: which by We have head from one of the many various sources co extion the pubit the expected and contageous divease Cholera, and which is im two uses out of three, ce tain death to ite victims. Let those, therefore, sufferig fro Piles, or any of its conjuactive di eases; such os Inflammation of the Bowels, Conwipation (hioae Dy- sental iitous Cole or general , rostration of the digs gana, stomach, and of the nervous system ont, OF other win will, at feast, remove tne : bove complaints a and healthy persons, are togeous disenses. sold, wn: lesale and retail, by KET HAM, 121 Fultos street, at recaii, by De A. Upham 196 Bowery, oud by Dra ly, throughout the Unt ted States ‘anadas. Price 8: per box. QOsLUBOFORM, His IMPOSTANT iN suscove y can be furnished m ary qaentity to hy and Desier-, stare souab'e price. Tastractions for us: an easy mothed ef esce tri its purity. will sccompruy the bottles—JOHN MILHAU, 183 Broadway, between Dey F eiss & Schmitz—I box cases beads | case cords ( R Vorwe:k—5 casks honery Jung Behrman—1196 bales rags 0 casks cream tartar 200 boxes steel 2 cases drugs 11 bales do 9 bbis lcase 2 kegs vermiiion 4 k Adaline & Elizi—25 half pipes brandy is—-17 do A Binninger—10 do Hilger & co— 0 do 20 qr do Johu Caswell & co—28 half barrels 4 q> do 20 do V bhds wine houty | case ses paper Whiie & Shi fs Lepage—5 casks qua 42 cases porcelain A Dalenae & comi5 ht npes 1Sqrdo 15 bbis brandy Joha Daraud & co—S casks gum Moz & rolltz—11 enses prunes A Seiguecvie—31 casks br ay Ge Castillou—75 hhds red wine T B Stouvenal—25 casks randy © Melert»—25 half pi, es 45 ac do 19 barrvie brandy 59 ba’es al- mouds Johu Daran : & co—2) half 20 q° pipes braudy Helger & OR NEW ORLEANS—LOUISI \NA AND NEW ine Seokeas Zhoaas & Val ¥crk Line of Packets—Ver j b be , . y reduced rates of fveight—To ark W atone ball vives bran ty Cazet & A® | sa. on Mouday, January Slot the fast snifing packet. sh p LIFTON, Captan togeisll, is now fending, and wili sitively aaii asabove. her regular day. For freight or passage, having superior 4 accommodations, apply on bor rd, at Orleans wharf. foot of Wall street, ur to LD WARD K. COL- LINS, 56 Seuth street. Agent in New Orleans, William Creevy, who will promptly frw vrd all goods to ns address — The bork GENESE Japtain Dillingham, will sacceed the Clifton, and sail ou her regniar day. VOR LIVERPOOL—NEW LIN et of the 26th January—The uew aud splendid fast sail! ket thi ERIDAN, George B Cormish, master, i loading, aud will positively sail ns nbove~her reguiar day. For freight or passage, ming splendid accommodations, , fi Wail street, or, © H Schneider & Denuis—1 hhd wine to do—l00 ft 2 sks brandy 100 cases wine Kenauld & wcis—1 box D Appleton & co—38 hhds china DG & D Haviland—9 hf pipes 24 qr do 15 barcels brandy 12 bales corks 8 bh is wine 100 cases wine 20 do dry pranes 1 barrel 2 cases Lane k881NA—Bark Missouri~2800 boxes lemons and oranges 30 cases liquorice 140 bags filberts 25 bags sumac 100 bi xes runes 0 cases argolt 94 boxes macaroni 11 oil Jemons 100 bis raisins 13 eases oi bergamot Uhamberlaia & Phelps St Dominae City—sehr ) red yeaterdi =I pkge money 541 crotches mahogany Meyer & Stuck ply on board, at Orleais whark fot. of io pay so! pe tle leon a ndhmeratamidecad Py y Collins, 36 Zouth Hotel ‘The Packer Ship GAIGTCK, Trcann feranp—Bark Solomon Piper—6760 bushels salt A | Moses Haut, master, will succeed the Sheridan, and sail her G Benson & Domestic Linportations, New On.eans—Ship Silas Holmes—23! Fhe suger ED Morgan & co—48 W Barnwell—257 CP Leverieh—i3) Roe bert & Williams—491 bbls molasses Robert & Wiltiams— 20 AL Kidston—150 8 ¥. Foley—30 Henry Coles—148 Jo pork 53 do lard rush & co—30 les wool Davis, Brooks & co~3 bx W Nelaon—l bbl Tkeg 1B Jewett—1 1 2bes Hl Hendersou— bt do, Haskell & Merriek—2 boxes do, JL Srixay—2 baza, 1 chest, | chronometer, HH Coe! syrup,'s © Marsh—I bbl pecans. 1 4 bl bbr sugar, tdo molasses, A-ent iowsat & Guedin—1 paper pickage, W KINHARD1’S GILDED Bit ASS LETTERS FOR INE Sigus.—Phere lett remarkable for durability and @ briliancy of the git ely brillin x. They are be desired. Orders left at will be attended co. between Meihardt RP MEIN ARDS! is warranted to stand exvoww 0 jnpanued to, any color that m0 ebee & Co's, 120 Falter rinership hereto re en + Seott, was dissolved o« the STRERT, B for Uve last fourteen years ¢ Maguire extensive sugar, | 46 bbl molasses, HW Hills: medical man in New Y: stint & Sehom: bbls cases of this disesse; and mild ens boxes, 2 packng eadbetter—i runt, 1 bundie, 1 | Stricture—D:. Cooper has discov hat box, Querii 281 bales cation, too der, he can cure the worst form of st from one to two New Onteans—Ship Montreal=200 kegs Inrd Keisve & . Constitutional Bidwell ~25 tes pork 16 bbls 10 casks do 6 baeon Hi cheock Marshall 99 com! bbl muse J Parsloe—25 hhds suger | bol do J EFolev—t8hhds shoulders 23 tierces sides 16 bbls. pork Goodhae & co—195 do WH Newman—230 bbis porg 99 lard Merrit & co—167 do pork 99 tierces beef White & Brher—142 pork J Perry & co—626 sac! MT H hhas molasses bhds sugar J Harris ro with scarcely say f-. £0, te debility brought on by a secre! Y men, Ten igo eeely indulged in Dew tall 0 eellece od cversion too "A. care warranted 10 every ease or ng eharae. word 0 CURE NO EAY=DR. CORBITT, 19 DUANE 8T., London, ma: bls, whi aber of the Koyal College of Surgeons 7 Tr pkgs necr akin WA Fosticie='9 baler 30 hid: 130 casks | he eonsatted sn creatment of certain delicate diseases. “A rae 29 tierwes tive of fourteen ) earn, devoted to venei eoses,enubles Dr hams aud 72 ubls | Coto cure the worst forin of this disense. Mecent cases cured pork H 49 bids t bacco | in fourdays. No mercury used, nor restenint in diet or busi- Hachard. 9 bhds and 33 bris pursuits.’ ures cured in ome or two weeks with scarce pork D8 & W Morris—237 hhds eugar Haven & co—500 brls | ly any pain. Constitutional Debility Those individu pork Wrixht Johnson & co—50. sa ks corn 4 H Gilson=79 | have indulged ina certain Touaoene halt Sha peek ‘ivel Te. bales co'ton A Averill & co ~3 bs L Gr.awold. gored to health and society. Remember, 19 Duane streeg next Naw Ontxans—Bark Sc Lawreuce271 hhds sfgar Haven | door to Dr. Johnson's & co—100 do D Hort Cranteston~8h lp Camder—825 tierces rice Brown, Ds Rosset & co—30 do © Dod—10 do Dunham & Dimoa—14do C door to Dre Onn 8 R. LAMERT [8 STILL TO BE FOUND AT HIS é ‘old office, 63 Gold strect. near Fulton, where he ean be LB ger—144 do to order—38 bales cotton O Swilt—160 0 | confidentially ited by all thote unhappy vievims of inal sallonn Kenny & 0-900 do Measta Grony Taft be eo—17 ao | prietice, be ecrerteril crural aloeny sessenr Ade SW rnilipeif bales ots OleoteM Ress. & coms | fully rrartved by him on the continent of europe. Sthetare nie: Nervous Debi ity—the conseanent result of indiscreet ence ip yourh—nocturnal emirs\ ns together with recent eases, bales yera & & D M Stebdi 0820 bl Bouleon—| co—¥5 kega butier Finch & 4 barrel and i ily aad effectually cured.” All letters, Post paid, ens Grantee Pee ies Rnceeeshes teins ones ‘8p oon’. fee. promptly nitended to. Office. #4 Gnld at rague, Rob- Smith & Volger—18 bxs tobacco Cook PHILADELPHIA MEDICAL HOUSE—D¥. KINKE: G Bulkley—448 lin, Ge Physician, fifteen jent_ pratt ‘oue! The cure of jine—12 do Jos a vali td may depend on being always conducted by Dr. with a prompt, eafe and energ: tt treatment, ton perfect cure ha el Strangers travelling, supplied at a moment’s notice with medi the rine sufficient to cure themselves in the most convenient an = orl Scraecribers, at th private mancer, Cure warranted of no } here nero ye. 10, Varick stree', in tars, 14, will eet prompt at on oF before Tyson, Dey of Mi Poke! corner r STN DRRUAMIN F. FAIRCHILD, xecntore