The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1848, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD, Rorth-wost Corner of Foiton and Hassan sis, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. day, (Sunday inclurted.) Vou tnnum—in the United here S14 per annum, includeng Lb—Keery Saturday—Prige 6% per annum—in the United States dy hereoy sleamahip, $5 per annum, anclu- BVp Yow BUROPE—Every Steom Packet Day niny —b) per annum, includmg post- exclus postage. Subscriptions and ad- soil) be vecetved by Mesere. Galignani, 18 rue PL, samonds, 18 Cornhill, and John Henrietta stree, Landon CNTTAL HERALD—Every Tuesday—One lov Jor the Campaign. 4 ADVERTISEMENTS (new every morning) at rea- eprices; tobe wratien ina piain, legible manner— errors in manuscript. kinds ewecuied beautifulsy and with ers at the Publication Office, corner of nat responsible fo INTILN @ of « ich. All oF 4 CHS by mail, for subsereptions, or with ivertisements, to be post paid, or the postage will be de- ducted from the money remitte Ay ¥O TARY CORKESPONDENCE, containing amperian! news, solicited frem any quarter af the world and: tured, vlly paid for. NOU NOT be taken of an Stone, Wh ated b dvess of the writer Z iby tom, bul as @ guaranty ef his good faith. Be connal undericke to return rejected communications. ALL PAYMENTS to be made in advance. THIS EVEN Lent & Cos American ces. AMUSEMENT BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Cuartorre Tears —Barrie of Mrxico—Mysrenigs or ODDFELLOWSHIF. CUATHAM THEATRE, Chotham street—Frercuen’s Anetewr STATUARY —SPRED THE PLoven—Mopri. ARTISTA | ~Pexet BROADWAY OD¥ON, Broadway —Musicat Giasses —Guecian Exerc jove. ARTISTS. PALMO" son Trae PERA HOUSE, Chambers street—Pucres- ALHAMRA SALOON, Broadway, between Spring and Pri Li) Eritorax SkkeNapens—Singing, RROOKLY ; ¢ LYCRUM, 1 street—Christy’s HoOPAIN SINGING Que DANCING, & : a New York, Monday, January 24, 1848, ae os es {xg- Advertisements received for one insertion only = The Great Commercial Movements of the Age One of the most singular, exciting, and inte- | resting s'udiesto the mind, is that connected | commercial and financial move- ments or the age. ‘The origin, rise, growth and equence of those movements; ch regulate their action, and Jous results, both for weal and for woe, in wealth and bankruptey, to which they lead, are of vast consequence, and belong to the great features of civilized society in the present age. They are, too, more interesting at this period than they have been for the last five hundred with the gr progress, in c the inciples w years. The principles of commercial action which have created such t capitals as Liverpool, London, Pa York, and_ others, have ey been hitherto much the eame as the principles which, in the middle ages, produced Venice, Florence, Antwerp, Bremen, and other great cities, now entirely eclipsed. The glory of | Venice and Genoa has, however, departed—the glory of London, Liverpool, Havre, and other | great es of Europe, o depart; and by the ir ible revolution which has now com- menced not Yor as it will e Those the G rni g can t this 1, of the comm ilized world. » built the palaces on ice, now mouldering ia d by travellers to see their tural emblem of that sys- lenterprise, and sagacity, and von the revival of civili ch has been multiplied ", when we see it de- ace and wealth of Lon- 1], aod other great commer. has come. We are on on—of a new develop- | »les and facts that are rom b ente produced by prineyy up naturally in our t London journals, and ith similar ones in jour- of the remote and distant States our retura from Europe, we have given leading views ot the the commercial trading affairs of the comprehensive amercial principle neiers ot London— sand others—and their at institution, and lion of th The articles contain. th racted great attention in i r we expected they would. in London, in the co- k Herald, they were re th in the Morning Post, of organ of the conservatives ublic attention was direct- shed in the Stand- ubl ere rep) r metropolitan and provin- y nd ¢ ed upon with more or iesa inte ‘ be seen by the nume- tracte from rnals which we pub- j ' d ) ¢ truth of the views e asce in Europe,and the e and finance Imitted on West End, by he fashiona- the London he effect of the argumer utures to come fc le, what is well ndon as wellas » artic which Ve Vork Herald, both under the ridic inl cade, not only at- « L. » and England, ‘ ry; but on nearly the received the English and ing these comm n York Herald, from the banks of the e receive yurnals, comment- ng their trath, from poi, at (he remote West v rall of I eton, Illinois, w ¢ 8 pub) ed in this day’s English extracts; with | that no broker in Wall street r New York Herald. If you “ h of the brokers in Wall ids together—condenge all oF we doubt whether that ould be capable of wri- If these hey are go entitled adera, and all en- | ponder on those ex- ep Ame. ch we have : wid practices, eat of the ete of y fre ren : eal con- the views which we have ted ewhich a te onthe L jon "Change, as well as mi atthe chuptof the West Bind of that mettopoliee we are patetaded that another and « fresh ate tempt willbe made by the great speculators of Burope to ¢ontrol the American staples of all kinds, to inflate their own currency, to buy up everything at low prices, keep it for awhile,raise the prices, and then sell out, either to those who feed the starving population of Ireland, or to | those who employ the idle population of Man- chester and the other manufacturing districts, at equaliy high prices—we mean corn and cot- ton, sugar, tobacco, and everything produced in this hemisphere, subject to the same influence and the same action. The position of the money market, and of com- mercial affairs in Europe, at the last dates, cor- responds precisely with the views we have al- ready given. The speciein the Bank of England had reached twelve millions, and was rapidly increasing. It will soon touch its highest point; and then will commenee the movement of specu- | lation, unseen at first, because the great finan- ciers who will originate and carry it into opera- tion, work under ground, up to a certain point. In this position of affairs, the best advice to be given to agriculturists, planters, and traders of this country, of all descrietions, is to sell their respective productions as fast as possible in the | rising market, and by no means to sell for credit. According to all appearances, a great change will be gradually produced in the mo- ney affairs of this country. Whilst the specie was going to England in one drain, and to Mexico in another, we aroused the attention of the country, and told them there was danger to the banking institutions, and unless they took care, that suspension was inevitable. These two movements, it would appear by the most recent accounts from all quarters, may be soon arrested in mid-career; and some faint intimations are given out, that they will be turned in exactly an opposite direction. If the great speculators of London enter into the movement to purchase our great staples—our bread-stuffs, corn and cot- ton—the specie will soon come in this direction again; and if the American government persists in keeping posseasion of Mexico, holding its mines of gold and ‘silver, and collecting its revenues, as it appears it has directed ng out of steam and electricity, | -at metropolis, New | us, and which astound the minds of f reference to the Bank | articles | General Scott to do, then the specie of that country will also flow in this direction, or, at least, sufficiently so to stave off the neces- sity of making very heavy expenditures in that country. In such a combined state of things, growing out of the new causes enumerated, there will be more danger of an inflation of our currency, than @ suspension of the banks. The spirit of speculation and extravagance will spring into existence, inatead of a spirit of depression siand thet seven or eight Jeausts, formerly be longing to Fribourg, in Switzerland, arrived in thiscity in the last French steamer, and also that a number of other members of the same Society of Jesus, have arrived by recent vessels from the Continent. During the last six months, we have had more religious arri n this part, of Jesuits and others, than at any time during many years past. The Jesuits and others who may be perse- cuted on account of their religion, either Pro- testant or Catholic, are right in coming to this country. Here the air is pure and free; and here they may make as many converts and go to Heaven any road they ple: so the usual tolls are paid. We love the Jesuits—we admire the Jesuits—we honor the Jesuits—not for their bad qualities and evil propensities, but for their learning, their intelligence and their enterprise inthe cause of education. There is no difle- rence in one sect from another in this country. Here all sects, if peaceable, are tolerated—Sab- bath and Anti-Sabbath, Fourierite, Infidel, Deist, Materialist, Catholic, Protestant, Jesuit, and every thing. You can believe or disbelieve in what you please; but you must act and conduct yourself according to the laws of the country, and the principles of common sense. Cuarter Exxections.—It is time that the inde- pendent people of this city, should reflect upon the best policy, to be pursued in the next char- ter election, so that a reform may be produced in the government of the city. We have trusted too long to the politicians of both parties, and both have cheated and deceived the public. No city in the civilized world, is worse managed than ours; no streets are so dirty; no police so in- efficient; no government, in all its parts, so ut- terly rotten and corrupt. Is it not possible to have a remedy? Let the independent citizens, of all sects, and of all cliques, who combine their forces to put in Gen. Taylor, and to clearout the government, gee if they cannot also clear out the present party in power, in the Corporation. Munitary Movements.—Colonel Henry Hill, paymaster, U. S. army, will leave this city at ten o’clock this morning, in the Josephine, for Cali- fornia. We are informed that he will take the overland route, after reaching Chagres. New York Common Scuoois.—We have re- ceived the annual report of the Superintendent of Common Schools, showing the condition of these institutions throughout the State. The report goes on to state, that the fifty-nine organized counties in this State contained on the first day of July last, nine incorporated cities divided into sixty-nine wards, and eight hundred and fifty-twotowns. After noticing the neglect, | and bankruptcy; and inthis condition of affairs, the specie clause, the hard moey system, ought, by all means, to be persevered in by the govern- ment of this country, in order to save the na- tion from the sad consequences of speculation, inflation, and extravagance, all going together. The London journals give some intimation of this object, springing up in the minds of the | speculators; and the best policy for the American merchants, traders, and planters, is to sell at | existing prices, and sell only for cash—and for | Congress to preserve, at all hazards, the specie | system of the Treasury. Money Arrains—TryING To KICK uP A Panic. | —Our amiable coatemporary of the Courier & Enquirer, after denouncing the “ Herald,” and accusing us of “profligacy,” in endeavoring to create a panic, has takea up the same busi- ness, and came out at the end of last week with a real panic article, propesying a general suspen- sion of banks,and general bankruptcy throughout the country, if the government, in taking up a | loan, insisted upon still retaining the “ specie clause.” ‘Tae writer of the article in question, we believe, is Mr. Charles King, a genileman of some talent in business, and a little experience in newspapers in the olden time, having an inti- mate connection with the new financial house of James G, King & Co., bankers, ia Wall street, who bid fair to become another Rothschilds. Prime, Ward & Co. having disappeared, like a mist of the morning, they have stepped into their | shoes, and their organ is the Courier § En- quirer, and a very good organ it is, only that it plays a little behind the time. According to the appearance of the money market in England, and the state of the war in | Mexico, the drain ot specie will be turned to- wards this country, instead of from it, and we shell soon be more in danger of an inflation than of a suspension, though one or two months ago a suspension appeared much more probable. | Our amiable contemporary is, therefore, only one or two months behind the time, and this is a great deal for him, for he is generally two years, Porvtar Meetinas in THE Merrorouis.—The popular meetings in New York, in a crisis like the present, are of very great consequence. We | are in the beginning of a great canvass for the | Presidency, and every mass meeting 1s big with | results, which strike upon the heart of the coun- | try like a double fist of iron. We hada popular | meeting a few weeks ago, called on the part of Mr. Clay’sfriends. it was large but cold, and productive of no resultto the cause of that dis- tinguished man. Two meetings are now called— | one on Saturday next, by the democrats, in favor | of the war; the other on the 22d of next month, by the friends of General ,Taylor, to organize the movement in his favor. These meetings are | significant and strong ia their consequences. | The great events of antiquity and the current | of civilization, were much influenced by the po- | pular assemblages of Athens and of Rome. The | meetings in the cities of Venice, Florence, | Rome, and other free cities of Southern Europe, upon the revival of commerce and letters, were equally influential upon the course of events in that age. A popular meeting in this mighty me- tropolis of the Great West, will have a similar effect upon the opinions of the country at large, | and not of the State of New York only. There have been no demonstrations of popular outbreak or assemblage in any part of New York or New- England, as yet, in favor ot Gen. Taylor. The first of any consequence will be in New York, and it will be a test of the probability of his suc- cess Dr. BranpReTa. have taken! For many years past this celebrat- ed physician and pill manufseturer paid thou- sands annually to the newspapers for advertising his famous vegetable pills, to make the blood pure, and to clear the intellect. By a singular “manifest destiny,” we must supp@pe it to be, he, without thinking, put his name one day to a democratic call for a State convention, and in consequence of this simple act, forty or fifty papers throughout the State of New York have been showing him up every day, and heralding | his femous pille, and actually advertising for him gratis. They try to abuse Dr. B.; but the only effect of it is to advertise him gratuitously, The doctor must laugh ia his sleeve at these respect- able notices, coming from the poet Bryant, and his colleagues throughout the State, No doubt the doctor eells five or six times more pills than he did before. He laughs and grows fat, and no wonder. | | respondence this merning is very full, interest- ing and comprehensive. We dave not been able to publieh it before, since the arrival of the ambria, except some Parisyan letters of imme- liate necessity. We publish, to-day, letters from Berlin, Paris and Liverpool, and have yet in hnud a number of others from various capitals ofthe Continent, which are very interesting, and for which we shall make room as soon as possi- | ble. —What a singular turn things | Foreien Corresronnence.—Our foreign cor- | or deficiencies, in several of the town superin- tendent’s reports, and also referring to the neg- lect of trustees in this particular, it goes on to show the actual condition of the schools, at pre- sent, throughout the State. It appears that on the first day of July last, there were 11,052 school districts, duly orga- nized, in this State—8,241 whole districts, and 5,565 parts of joint districts. From a compara- tive statemeat of the three last years, it appears that there are only thirty-four more school houses reported the present year than in 1845, while the number of whole districts has de- creased during the same period, to the amount of 178, end the parts of joint districts have in- creased to the amount of 254. Returns were re- ceived from 8,103 whole districts, and 5,400 parts of districts, showing that 188 of the former and 165 of the latter had not eeporiaa in compliance with the requirements of the law. The report goes on to state, that the penalty for neglecting to report, according to the regulations of the de- partment, subjected the district to an absolute forfeiture of the public moneys. _ Tie following statement, compiled from the severe] abstracts appended to the annual re- ports from the department, for the years 1846, 1847 and 1848, presents a tabular view of the number of districts visited and examined during the winter and summer school months—the number of pupils in attendance at such schools, at the time of the visitations by the county su- erintendents, and the course and extent of study in which the pupils were engaged :— 1846. 1848. At sum. Al wine Mt win- At sum. mer ech’l. ter rch'l. Ler ach’l. mer sch’ 6.434 085 83 815 7A iu 209 802 119 370. 247,833 15. 27.425, 33 78: 45,110 287,169 «= 285.579 172 606 113 692 119682 95,258 16,197 749 algelira 7a “geometry, survey- ing, &i ing, oases : natural shilosophy, “meot. & mor. phi losophy. $37 478 * physiology 1,395 2,172 * bool i ‘923 631 * compat 20.601 14,357 71,000 77921 chemistry and ‘as- eee gee 4082 4,972 12,124 29,268 26,549 69,485 The following statement shows the average monthly compensation paid to teachers through- out the State duriog the winter and summer terms, for the three pist years, exclusive of board: eb 1846. Winterm Sumterm, Win.term. Sum term. Males. . $15 77 $15 10 $16 80 Female 02 7 68 6 31 ‘The average for the whole year, in 1845, for the male teachers, was $13 81; in 1846, $15 42; ‘and in 1847, $15 95; and for females, in 1845, $6 50; in 1846, $6 69; and in 1847,.$6 99; exhibiting « small’ but annual in- crease of wages paid to teachers, The number of teach- ers under eighteen years of age found employed at both visitations, was 2,922, of whom 1.969 were females ; and there were 1,943 over thirty years old, of whom ‘1 434 were males. Ths reeidue of the number were between eighteen and thirty years of age. The report, after detailing the comparative | eapenditures &c., tor the years 1846 and 1847, gives an estimate of the expenditures for the year 1848, as follow: ‘The estimates of the expenditures for the ensuing yoar, will be only a recapitulation of the statement of the expenditures of 1947, with eome slight variations, and are as follows :— Avnusl appropriation of the revenue ari ing from the Common School Fund, to be distributed onthe Ist day of February, 1 SRG Coe $110,000 00 ropriated from thi jeposite Ivund, and ¢ anmusily apy 7,2 co plied t 10 the support of common schoo! 165,000 00 Amount annually to be raised by boards of supervisors, eque! to the above two sum: without any deduction. .....+ . 275,000 00 Eatimated amount in addition to the abor to be raised by voluntary taxes in town and under special laws in cities ..... 280 009 00 Estimated interest on permanent local fun: 21.000 00 | Estimated amount to be paid on r:te bills, 464,000 00 | Incrensed eppropriation fron the revenue of the Common School Fund,........,. 10,000 00 Total... cee cevseeee ++ + $1,325,000 00. ‘The report goes on to review the condition of the district libraries, the Indian schools estab- lished in the State, free schools, and next | shows that the Legislature, by the laws of 1805, get apart 50,000 acres of land, as a permanent fund, for the encvuragement of common schools, the proceeds of which, with the annual interest, were required to be loaned until the yearly in | come should amount to $50,090; and then the interest was to be apportioned and applied to the support of the echoois,as the Legislature may di rect. After briefly advocating the general sy: tem for the ‘‘encouregement of schools, throughout the State, the report concludes, and urges that ample provision should be made for the mental and moral instruction of youthful citizens, in all quarters, 80 as to present them with the means of acquiring the necessery | knowledge toaid them in the proper discharge of their moral and social duties. The report ot the county superintendent of common schools for the city and county of New York, attached to this annual report, is accom- panied by a certified copy of the report of the oard of Education, slowing that the requisite reports heve been made by commissioners | aud trustees, from all the schools receiviag the school money. | Great Ting in Franconia, N. H.—A_ serious | fire occurred at Franconia, N. H., on Wednes- | day night, the 12ch inst. The large coal house | | of the W 1. iron factory company, containing | forty thousand bushels oi charcoal, took fire.— Tie mass was so thorouglily ignied before the | fire was discovered, that only about ten thousand | buehels of the coal could be saved. The sight, | itissaid, was truly sublime. ‘The loss to the compeny Will be about $3,000, besides preventing the operations of the blast furnace for someume. | Boston Evening Transcript, Jan, 22, \ Re NN NANO MEN T NTE Ne mR AI NN anit UNTOLD HNO staan TE to, Cla ships Chi More Peace Rumors Wasuineton, Jan. 28, 1848. Rumors are rife here that despatches have been received this afternoon from Mr. Trist, that Herrera has been elected President of Mexico, and that the prospects of peace are decidedly flattering. T have no doubt that Mr. Trist is acting now in Mexico under instructions from our govern- ment, nor have lany doubt thatthe prospects of peace are flattering; but that any developements as to the precise characters of Trist’s despatches have been made from official quarters, I do not believe. Itis also impossible that news of Herrera’s electionj could have been received here, as you will recollect that the opening of votes of the several Mexican States was postponed to January or February, Ido not remember which; and the official result, therefore, could not possibly now be known. That Herrera received a majority of votes was as well known months ago, as it could be now from authentic sources. Tam, nevertheless, inclined to the belief that the prospects of peace are brightening. Affairs in Washington. Wasmineton, Jan. 28, 1838. Ihe Hon. James Thompson, representative from Penasylvania, is confined to his own room by sickness. Mr. Ctay’s friends are active and resolute. ‘Secretary Walker is still*unable to do duty, but rode out yesterday. From the South. ‘Wasuinaton, Jan, 22, 1843. The overland express came through to-day from New Orleans with advices to the afternoon of the 16th. The British mail steamer Thames arrived at Ship Island on the 18th, from Havana. She brings papers of the 11th, but they contain no news. . Mall Failure. Psrerssure, Jan. 23, 1848. The mail failed south of Charleston this mor- ning. No express, no news. Market New Onreans, Jan. 16, 1848 —Sales of cotton, good In sugar middling, at 6% a 7/4 ; middling fair, 714 0776 the demand ses at 16% 019, ‘more offeriny done for the ateamer of the Ist inst. Ausany, Jan. 22, 1848.—The market is quiet. Little or no demand for produce. Small sales of Genesee flour at $6 a $6 123. Western flour could be bought at $575. Sales of barley at 75c a 800, andof rye at 7808 790 ; corn at 64e a 670 ; oats 400 a 4c. For 3,000 bushels barley delivered on the opening of the canal, 80c was offered and refused, which is considered evidence of an upward tendency. In the hog market there were sa es ‘at $6 a $6 26 for fair, and $6 37 for choice. Shipping Inte! nee. jan i6—arr ship Eurolas, Boston; bark Lo- Cleopatra, do; achr Blossom, Philadelphia. Hote Thorndike, Boston; Persian, ork; bark Tuibo, Boston; brig Mary Ellen, New York. Nzw Movement on Anowition.—We thought that the abolitionists of the North, and particu- larly of Boston, had exhausted their stock of vagaries; but itseems they have not. Having succeeded in electing several members of Con- gress, both to the Senate and the House, in order to represent their opinions, they now come for- ward witha remarkable and startling bulletin, proposing to hold aconvention on the 23d and 24th of March next, to abolish the Sabbath alto- gether. Thisisno joke. The Liberator of the 2lst inst. has the following singular bulletin :— We, the unde: therefore, invite all who agree ‘with ‘es asauntially tn thoes views of the Babiatn quest tion, to meet in convention, in the city of Boston, on ‘Thursday end Friday, the 23d and 24th of March next, toconfer together, and to decide upon such measures tor the dissemination of light and knowledge, on this subject, as may be deemed expedient. Iu publishing this call for an Anti-Sabbath Conven- tion, we deslre to be rly understood. We have no etjection either to the first or the seventh day of the week asa day of rest from bodily toil, both for man and beast. On the contrary, such rest is not only desirable, but indispensable. Neither man nor beast can long en- dure unmitigated labor. But we do not believe that it is in harmony with the will of God, or the physical na- ture of man, that mankind should be di to hard New and wasting toil six days out of seven, to obtaina bare subsistence. Reduced to such a pitiable condition, the rest of one day in the week is indeed gra:efal, and must be regarded ‘ass blessing; but it is wholly inadequate to repair the sical injury or the moral degradation Peony protrsoted labor. It is not in ac- cordance with the law of life, that our race should be thus worked, and only thus partially relieved trom suf- fering and premature death. They need more, and i of lees rest; and it is only for 8 a jgbtened aud reclaimed—to put awa: thoee things which now oguse them to grind in the pri- son house of tcil, namely; idolatry, priestcraft, sectarian- licentiousness,monopoly, y the law of being, strive for each other’ and eternal “glorify God in their bodies and spirits, which are his”’—and they will secure the rest, not only of one day in seven, but of ery large portion of their earthly existenoe. ‘Co them shall nted the mastery over every day and every as against want and affliction; for the led with abundance for ell. Nor do we deny theright of avy number of persons to observe ® particular day of the week es holy time, by such religious rites ond ceremonies they may deem acceptabie to God. Totheir own master, they stand or fall. Im regard to all such matters, it is for every one to ba fally persuaded in his own mind, and to obey the promptings of ience; conceding to others the liberty he cla el The sole and distinct issue that we make is this:--We maintain that the seventh day, S: ith, was exclusively Jewish in its origin and desigu; that no holiness, in any sense, atta: to iret day of the week, more than to any other; and that the attempt to compel the ob- servance ofany day asthe Sabbath,” especially by penal enactments, is unauthorized by scripture or reason, and & shameful act of imposture and tyranny. We claim for ourselves and for all mankind, the right to worship God according to the dictates of “our own consciences.”’ This right, inherent and inalienable, is cloven down in the United States; and we call upon all who desire to preserve civil and religious liberty to rally for its rescue. By that infellible test of conscious rectitude which Jesus gave to his disciples—“ Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them,”’—let those who Sabbatize on the first day of the week be measured. At present they constitute the majority, we the minori- ty, in this country—hence, the legislative power is in their bands, which they do not seruple to use for the arposo of binding aud coercing our consciences. Now Ret the eate be reversed. Suppose this power were in the hands of those who do not Sabbatize, and they should procved to enact ponnl laws, forbidding the ob- servance of auy day as the Sabbath—would not the Sab- batarians cry out against such laws as vexatious and ty- ravnioal, destructive of the rights of conscience, and « diegrace to the statute book’ 9 aro aware that we shal inevitably be accused, by the chief priests, scribes and Pharisees of the prosent time, as was Jesus by the same class in his age, as “not of God,” because we “do not keep the Sabbath day;” but we are porsuaued, thst to expose the popular delu- sion which prevails ou this subject, is to advance the cause of pure Christianity, to promote true and ac- ceptable worship, aud to inculcate strict moral and re- ligious accountability, in all the concerns of life, on all days of the week alike. If we are “infidels” or “here- ties” for this belief, we are content to stand in the same condemoation, on this point. with Tyndale, Luther, Cal- vin, Melancthon, Roger Williams. John Milton, Penn, Fox, Priestly, Belsham, Paley, Whitby, Archbishop Whateley, and @ host of others, who are everywhere lauded by the various sects with which they are Yaenti- fied as among the brightest ornaments of the Christian church, and who are essentially agreed with us in the ae. that the Sabbath was « J wish institution. L. Garrison, Boston, Ms. G. W, Benson, N’thempton Francis Jackson, “ A Robeson, New Bedford. Theo. Parker, ted P. Pillsbury, Concord, N H Famund Jackson, “ Jas. Mott, Philadelphia, Pa Chas F. Hovey, “ retia wi a John W. Bro i : Maria W. CI " Chas K. Whi Henry C. Sami, Philbrick, Brookline, J. M: McKim, |“ Loring Moody, Lynn. T. MoCiintock, Waterloo, Edmund Quincy, Dedham. ‘ 8 8. Foster, Weroenter, thaway, Farming- Abby K. Fe “ , ton, N. There—these amiable, Christian and philoso- phical abolitionists, having failed for thirty years past, in breaking up the Union of the States, consider that their own glory now 18 to abolish the Christian Sabbath. What will Palfrey, Da- vid Hale, and Frier Tuck, say to this? We ra- ther think that the abolition of the Sabbath, at Washington, at least, requires no further action. Important Avroiniment.—-The Freeman's Journal states that “the Poviacial Couneil of Bultimore has elected the Most Blessed Virgin Mary as patron of this country.”’ [tis not said whether she has ueccepted the appointment, or what the salary is. Movements or Anmy Orricr: Gen, Pierce, it issaid, has arrived in Lowell, where ho will remain several days on @ visit to his family. | tery and Maguire have also entered the arena. Foreign Carrespendence of the N. ¥, Merald, ; pool, January 1, 184g. British Affairt—State of Ireland-~Continenial Affairs—Puseyiem—Mrs. Lilly again engaged as Wit Nurse—Crime and Murder, §¢ Tie home and foreign intelligence since the depariure of last despatches, has not been so varied or extensive as usual. The devices gene- rally put in practice, alike by ministers and stock-brokers, in France, previous to the opening of the Chambers, have been again attempted—re- port having been spread, at one time, that Louis Philippe had died of apoplexy; and at another, that he was about to abdicate in favor of the Compte de Paris. It is needless to say both were groundless. The Chamber has been opened with the usual formalities, and I presume before this reaches you, that the beginning of a new licy towards the remnant of the Bonaparte ‘amily, will have been ctlected, as the ex-king ot Westphalia, Prince Jerome Bonaparte, is about to obtain perm! France, and receive from the nation a pension of 150,- 000 francs per annum. The intelligence has reached Paris of the utter defeat and submis- sion of the mysterious and untiring enemy of France in Algiers, Abd-el-Kader; the fact that his submission has been rendered to the Empe- ror of Morocco, will deteriorate much from the joy which otherwise would have been ucca- sioned throughout France, by this news. i _ Switzerland, lately the theatre of scenes which in their issue must have been most important alike to civil and religious liberty, and which were looked upon with intense interest by ali interested in the question of the balance of power in Europe, has almost regained its equilibrium— the Cantons hitherto most inimical to the Diet having quietly, und in most instances cheerfully, complied with the several conditions imposed on them, as, for instance, the payment of ex- penses of war, disarming of soldiery,dismember- ment of Sonderbund and expulsion ot the Jesuits It is supposed, however, the last named condi- tion has not been so stringently enforced as those who ure conversant with the sinister workings of the order could have wished. It appears that at Friburg several religious orders still remain Neufchatel, by its neutrality during the conflict, has placed itself under the ban of the Diet, which has inflicted a heavy fine (300,000 Swiss francs), which the authorities there have consented to pay. The King of Prussia, however, who is Sovereign Prince of Neufchatel, with the con- currence of France, insists on a refusal being sent to the Diet, and thus the affair rests at pre- sent. It is not parconenle but that the great powers will eventually interfere in Swiss aflairs, and endeavor to make another Polish job for themselves. i $ The freedom of the press has received an im- petus in a.quarter where a short time ago it would have been deemed impossible—Italy. A recent debate in the Vatican Parliament resulted in the decision, by a majority of 20 to 4, to pub- lish the speeches, deliberations, votes, acts, &c. of that assembly. .The journals are already on the qui vive, and every preparation is making to have an efficient corps in the gallery A grati- fying proot of the enreasinig: love of liberty in that country, is afforded by the fact, that all the journals, with one exception, hailed with plea- sure the downfall of the Jesuits in Switzerland. The Archduchess Maria Louisa, widow ot Na- poleon, expired at Rome on the 17th ult. Report speaks unfavorably of her life subsequent to the death of the Emperor—her exactions, intrigues, amours, and other pecadilloes, being the subject ot general censure. i Spain and Portugal have lost all the interest they so long possessed, and Holland and Belgi- um preserve their usual phlegmatic temperament. Greece and Turkey have been alike subject to revolutions. These are, however, of a petty na- ture. The dependencies, tributaries, &c. of Britain, are in general favorably reported of. At the Cape of Good Hope, Sandella, the native chiet, who gave so much annoyance to the troops there, has submitted, the only condition being the sparing of his lite; so that the apprehensions entertxined for the fate of the colonists there have been much abated. | We have had two arrivals from your shores during the week ; one bringing us the Message of the President, and the other being the expect- ed steamer Britannia. The message was anx- iously looked tor, and has given general satistac- tion to those more immediately interested (aud who is not?) in the affairs of your greatand grow- ing nation. ‘ Tn England, affairs are looking somewhat bet- ter. Trade is reviving, albeit slowly, and con- fidence is almost re-established. The houses of legislature adjourned on Monday se’anight to the 3d ot February. It was generally expected, previous to their being summoned in November, that some important measures, bearing on the commerce of the country, and the social amelio- ration of Ireland, would have been passed ; but these expectations have not been borne out. With the exception, indeed, of the coercion bill for Ireland—a crude, ill-digested, and most un- palatable measure—no importaot bill has re- ceived the royal assent. All parties seem to be of opinion that this bill is come out of proper time, unaccompanied as it has been by a single remedial measure for that unfortunate country, from which the most deplorable accounts daily reach us. The sufferings of last season are about to be re-endured; and, goaded by the exactions of selfish landlords, and the apprehensivus of com- ing, and insome cases the realities of ;resent privations, the peasantry of the south,and west are rushing on to deeds of murder, blood, aud a violence; which however they may be extenu- ated by the circumstances of the people, must be at once put down. ‘The how is the ditticulty, and it has become a more serious one {rom the intil- ligence which has been pouring in for the last tew days, that the men of Ulster are becoming tured of waiting tor justice from the govern- ment of Britain, and are beginning to enact scenes of adisagreeable nature. Snould they take up the matter in this way seriously, the difficulty will very sooa be solved, and that without the assistance of the bedlowers of Conciliation Hall, who, by the bye, have been renegading a little latterly trom the doctrine of morai force, so wisely, or cunningly, laid down by the old Liberator. Some expres- sions ofa most severe nature paving been used in the Hall by Messrs. Reynolds, M. P , and J. Duna, relative to the conduct of Messis. Grattan, M. P, and Dillon Brown, M. P., in votiag for the coercion bill; the latter gentlemen have re- torted, one by achullenge, and the other by such epithets as base and infamous taleshoods, &c. How this storm in a tea-pot may terminiate, J know not, nor is it very material to any but the infatuated gulla of the Hall; but it might so happen that the old adage may be verefied in this instance: ** When sogues fall out, honest men will come by their own.” ? Itis greatly to be lamented, that whilst the people of Ireland are literally a perishing for want of sustenance, no united effort will be made by her representatives. for her aleyiation. There have been meetings and councils without end, in Dublin, and epeeches and votesr but the open- ing of Parliament seems to have been the signal for their entire obliteration, and instead of hav- ing by this time, as was expected, a good land- lord and tenant bill, and other contemplated measures, here is the picture laid before us by a Dublin leading journal: ~ ‘The government, in reply to questions from various Irish members, ha jon of Temporary Relief Act ar—a sum amounting to about £1,500,000, Ai act has also just passed, which throws upoz the di the entire burden of faishiug tue roads which have been out up by the Board of Works; ana by the joercion Bill; the rates for the new police will ake be thrown upon the counties There is no disguising the fact, that this load of taxa- tion amounts to an absolu'e confiscation of ® vast portion of the Innded property of the country ; and that it will crush the farmers and the industrious ci in the towns to the eurth, while it will leave the poor without the means of support. The whigs seem to consider Ireland the storehouse of wealth, instead of being poorest country upon earth. Trade commeree are completely prostrate—our artisans and laborers without ment—our gentry without rent; and yet this rime that taxes accumulate with frightful rapidity. Whilst on this subject, it is not out of place to allude to a correspondence which has been pub- lished between the Earl of Arundel (himself a Roman Catholic) and Archbishop M*‘Hale, the “lion of the fold of Judah.” The Earl rates his lordship pretty hard respecting the want of disc! pline manifested by the heads of the chureh to- wards those of the inferior cler ry who have been guilty of denouncing landlotameesae the altar in reland. The fierce Join ot Tuam has retorted in his usual bold style, and openly palliates, if he does not justify, the parties accused; nor does he fail in’ his personal abuse of this “son of a pensioner” (the Duke of Nortolk). Bishops Slut- _ Thave digressed from the proceedings of liament, however, and should have ere this al- | luded to the likelihood of the civil disability of | the Jewish portion of the community being ub- rogated. {t is only matter of surprise this has been delayed so Fook ‘n some other couatries, not pluming themselves cn one half of the tolera- tion or enlightenment bdasted of by England, these relies of a dark and by gone age have been eflaced. The next reading of the bill introduced Bert J, Rummel! for fale snd, will some on in r t, ou; r. agrmplinne Po wil eacis a tiee: q negu' the bill will pags to the Lords, There, however, the mitred aristocracy are bent upon Opposition, and some of that august clique haying had their feathers scarcely settled down since the ruffling in the late combat respectiug Doctor Hampden, pro-rector to the Bishopric of Here- ford, will in excellent trim for using their spurs towards the heretical descendants ot Abra- ham. Should they persist successfully in their ob- stinacy, it will only remain for the city of London to elect Baron Rothschild. The affair of Dr. Hampden is one of a most interesting character. It appears that the learned divine has ever been u determined opponent of Puseyism, and for thia has incurred the enmity of the whole of that party at Oxford and Cambridge. Some time ago this party, to serve their purpose, agitated the fana- tic war cry of heterodoxy or Socinianism panines the ‘doctor, but were not very succes: ful. He obtained subsequently the Professorshi of Divinity at Oxtord, and on the deat! P ot the Archbishop of York, a few weeks ago, he was appointed by Lord John Russell to the See of Hereford, vacated by the transference of its for- mer bishop to that of York. This rekindled the ire of his former opponents, and Henry of Exe- ter, the **Mac Hale” of the English Church, threw down the gauntlet. A large number of the Tractarian bishops also remonstrated with Lor John, on the impropriety of nominating one “unsound in the faith,” to take charge of the flock (and, of course, appropriate the fleece.) To this remonstrance the premier replied in a manner worthy of the descendant ot the once famed Protestant, Lord W. Russell, by plainly telling them, that as the opposition raised to Dr. Hampden previously, and to which they had pointedly alluded, had been entirely led by pur- ties who, for the most part, had since gone over to Rome, he could see no reason to alter his opinion on that ground. Again the tierce Hen- ry rushed to the encounter, and again his janeo was broken. Dean Merewether next tried hi hand, addressed Her Majesty, and received a yery cool reply from Six G. Grey, acknowledg- ing the receipt of the communication, and stat- ing that Her Majesty had issued no commands relative thereto. This was not ali—a missive was next dispatched to the Prime Minister, from the same divine, stating that no power on earth would induce him to vote for Dr. Hampden’s elevation to the see. A reply trom Lord John brings down (the affair to its present stage. This merely acknowledged with regret, a commui cation, from the Dean, in which **he had an- nounced his determination to break the law.” Whilst Puseyiem is thus lifting up its standard within the pale of the English church, she isnot to remain outside, and it might find out that Henry of Exeter may find it necessary not to “‘moderate the raucor of his ire,” until he comes in contact with the old scarlet lady of the Vatican, herself. Hear what the Church and State Gazette says: “The arrival of this gentleman, (Mr. Newman,) in tho metropolis, is daily looked for. T'he document whioh he him ‘in described as being of almost equal portance with that which Cardinal Pole read to the peers of England, wherein they were informed that the Pope of Route had reconciled our island to his see, re- Heved Britain of the ban, and authorised the seculari- sation of the church lands. The document entrusted to the keeping of the wary author of “Developement,” authorises ollkng. most as startling. It decrees the bolition of “Vicars Apostolic”’—those respectable offi- cials through whom Rome has hitherto consented to be represented, and in their place substitutes twelve bishop- rieswith an Archbishop in England. This has been done without the opinion of our government being asked upon the matter, and carried out in a manner the most offensive that could be devised. In Franoe, the Pope dare not create a new bishopric without the sano- tion of thecrown. Im England, the feelings and senti- ments of the wearer of the crown are studiously disre- garded by the Vatican.”” After the din and tumult of ecclesiastical war- fare, it is refreshing to turn to scenes of a ditfe- rent nature, and more characteristic of the feel- ings which should animate the defenders and instructors of our holy religion. Whatever brawis disturb the street, : ‘There should be peace at home, —isa couplet which ail children learn; and if we may judge from the little knowledge people out of doors must possess of regal bliss, we must imagine it is one fully realized in the con- tentment of the royal family. That comfort and affection still hold a prominent place in the en- joyment of the royal parents, may be inferred from the announcement just made that Mrs. Lil- ly has again been engaged as wet-nurse to her Majesty, and that in a few months, perhaps weeks, his Grace of Oxford will have the high honor of blessing another of England’s royal olives, and watering another little plant, which, perchance, may, at a distant day, be instrumen- tal in perpetuating the orthodox Protestantism of the throne of England. How grateful should we be when we think of the bountiful mercies we are receiving. . Whilst the expenditure in every department of the country is increasing rapidly, crime and poverty are keeping pace. It is heart-rending to read the many cases of murder, and those often of a most unnataral character, which appear in the English prints from time to time. Parents butchering their children—children murdering their parents—these, and such like, meet the eye in every weekly journal; and yet we point to Ireland. There is, at least, a ‘method in the madness” of that misguided race. One can con- ceive,whilst ne cannot palliate, the resort made ofthe father who has seen his tamily turned out on the cold face of the world, in the midst of winter, being instigated by the deep feeling of revenge, so inherent to human nature, to take vengeance upon him who he conceives to be tha oppressor of his wife and little ones. This, I say, may be conceived; nay, it may be expected; but for a mother to murder her iniant children, by cutting their throats, and holding them bleed- ing over a tub, as has lately been the case. is a crime so monstrous as to shock every sensibility of our nature. Speed, whose case came on tor trial at the Assizes of the borough a tew days ago, aud who was sentenced to fe executed for the murder of hig children, has been respited.— f The trial for the murder at Mulfield, of Caroline Elis, on the 12th of May, 1847, came on at the late York Assizes; and although the evidence was entirely circumstantial, the prisoners, Reid and McCabe, were both found guilty and senten- ced to be executed. Sinve that time, however, Reid has declared himself the murderer, and McCabe to be innocent. ‘The latter had, all along, asserted his innocence. It is supposed his punishment will be commuted to transportation. , A case which has exeited the greatest sensa- tion among the higher classes, has just been con- cluded in the Court of Queen’s Bench, London, where Sir W. Young and Captain Chanette were tried and found guilty of being concerned in the sale of a cadetship in the East India Company, ot which the former was a director. He 1s most highly connected—being father of the lute Lord of the Treasury, and connected by marriage with the Headfort family. It is said his means are ample, and, if so,a small fine will be the punish- ment he will most probably receive. The remaining news of the day is more mat- ter of Jocal than of general interest, if I exeept the return of another Irishman as member trom Lancashire, Alexander Henry, Esq., a genuine reformer. Mr. Brown and he will certainly af- ford a more creditable specimen of what that couatry can produce than any of the one hundred and eight jarring and bickering members she sends forward. The anxiously looked for trial between Bunn and Jenny Lind has been postponed The Lord Chancellor of Ireland has been dan- gerously ill, and is not yet pronounced in the way ot recovery. Judge Burton, one of the cotempo raries of Curran and Sheridan, and the last of the glories of a by-gone age, has gone the way of all flesh; and the R§ght Hon. R. Moore, Attorney General, has bee appointed in his room. Mr. Monahan succeeds Mr. Moore, and he, in turn, is succeeded by John Hatchell, Esq. I believe [ have exhuasted my badget, and per haps your atiention; and wishing you all the compliments usual on turning a New Year’s lea in the folio of our exisience, Jam yours, sin cerely. Dec. 27, 1847. The Swiss Question—The French Ministry, $c. The revolution m Switzerland, and the triump! of liberal principles in tha: country, have agitat ed all Europe; and the courts of France, Aus tria, and Prussia, at this moinent, are discussin; with deep solicitude, the future policy to be b: them adopted toward that brave aud heroic peo ple. England stands aloof from the question and Russia, although inclining to act with th other three great powers, does not participate i the extent of their feelings. The people o France are with the liberals in Switzerland and the opposition in the Chamber of Deputie: which will assemble this week, will attack th policy of M. Guizot upon this subject, in a mar ner greatly to increase the excitement alread existing in reference to it, Louis Philipp wears huis crown by virtue of the revolution « the 27th, 28th, and 29.h ot July, 1830; and y« M. Guizot has exerted his power to put dow like movement of the people of a neighborin State, and to bring the five great powers of Ey rope to act in concert for that purpose. ‘The su cess of the liberal party in Switzerland has for ed him hitherto, and driven England from t coalition; and to-day itis averred and believe in Paris, that Louis Philippe and M. Guizot ha: had a serious misanderstanding in prepariy that part of the King’s speech which touches th