The New York Herald Newspaper, December 12, 1847, Page 1

NEW YORK, SUNDAY MORNING, INTEBESTIYG WAR INTELLIGENCE. IENERALS TAYLOR AND QUITMAN AT HOME. SANTA ANNA’S LAST MANIFHSTO, &e. &e. &e. GEN. TAYLOR'S RETURN TO THE UNITED STATES. {From the New Orleans Picayune, ist inst } The U. 8. steamer Monmouth arrived last evening 7m Brazos Santiago. bringing over General Taylor aimee. The Monmouth the Brazos on the jt By this arrival we have the Matamoras Flag of the 7th, the 20th and the 24th ult. From the Fiag of the ith we learn that Gen. Taylor, having received his jeave of absence, took his departure from Matamoras on ¢ 28.1.with his suite,on the steamer McKee, for the Bra- Thence he embarked on the Moamouth, from hich vessel he was transferred to the Mi Kingslend, ff the Southwest Pass. river, the ka below the city, where his family awaited him, it a late hour last evening. He will come up to town to- orrow (Thursday) at 12 o’clock In the papers we have received by this arrival we find news aghyd Eoaaanes . The hype Pf Gen. i forms tl me of every paragraph, as it en, the of every citizen bere. We sim; annex ibereport f the master of the Monmouth, to whom we are indebt- for our own correspondence avd files :— List of Paseengers —Maj. Gen Z. Taylor,U. 8. A., and wo servants; J H. Eaton, ald-de-oamp; Capt. R 8. Gar- tt, do ; Col. W. G. Belknap, U.S. A; Mej. G. Porter, ith artillery; W. W.S, Bilas, A, A. G.; it. C. L. itburn, 3d artillery; Mr. Samuel MeGoffin and lady; jeanrs, Wm. MeGofita, John B, Coszens, H. H. Ha illiamson and Crawford. List of Veeselein Pert, Nov. 26.—U.8 Capt Morris; schooners H L. Scranton, John Rowlap, Chas. Gege, Gratitude, Star, Angler. Towed to sea, U. 8. transport Capt. Page,Cole, master, ound to Vera Cruz with mules. U.S. propeller Trum- ull, Stokesbury, master, got in the south breakers while oing out to the relief of propeller Seo: Walker, hare and going to pieces on the northend of Padre slan Schooner Commercial ashore near the Greenwood Hiotel. Schooner Equity struck on the bar going in, prung aleak and had to discharge her cargo, which was \d. When leaving the bar passed a large ship stand- jog in, name unknown. 2 Monday, Nov. 29th, in latitude 28 25, spoké schooner avinia, trom New Orleans, bound to Galveston. Major Biiss, Major Eaton, and Captain Garnett, of his sonal staff, Col. ea and other disting ed offi loers, accompanied Gen. Taylor up to the barracks. Ha was received with cheers on the Mary Kingsland, and levery steamboat and every ship from the bar to the pi- lot station, mustered its hands and cheered a welcome. "The flags of every nation were hoisted from the ship: ping: and the air was rent with huzzas of welcome to he illustrious soldier. On his passage up the river, the plantations turned out their queta upon the banks, and swelled the general acclaim. In the words of our in- formant, “Old Rough and Ready is in the midst of us. ‘A briiliant career of victory has lighted him to our shores. le will be welcomed by a grateful eountry.”” [From the Picayune of the 2d inst } Gen. Taylor was visited yesterday at the barracks by many of bis old acquaintances, whose eagerness to clasp the old soldier’s hand would not abide the delay {noident to a public reception. He appearsto be in ex- cellent health, and his spirits have not suffered trom once more breathing the air of his own great and free country. In person he is thinner than when he left the United States; butno traces of decay can be gait, his conversation, or in manners H same frank, manly, and singh ted soldier by—changed in nothing, if we excent increases with bis increasing There is a oordial hospitality in the grasp of hi: hand—an old-fashioned, honest welcome in the cat ‘dor of his greeting—a generous straightforwardness in his whole bearing, which at once captivates the mind, and “ gives assurance ofa man.’ The natural gentle- ness of his heart, and the truthful quality of bis dis- position are so conspicuous in his social relations, that they temper with mildness the daring lot pment of his eye, and diffuse even blandness over the rugged boldness of his camp-hardened features. There is not in him the slightest tinge of self o ace—nothing to denote a wish to be considered greater than others. He woutd fain avoid the Pier reception that awaits him, did it not savor of affectation to repel a demonstra- tion of regard by a people who love aod honor him. His character is so simple in its construction that success cannot spoil its symmetry or praise deface it with a single pretension. It does one good to bein the pre- ence of this man of mighty deeds, in whose nature self- 1 is 80 absolute an element that he blushes at the great things he has himself done. We have ne doubt that our pene peeeally, as well as the throng of ee me — petenmeer aia tS He roti datreh would greatly prefer seein; in the procession ast ofOld Whitey,’ faithful old horse that has borne him in so many bat elds, than seated in a coach drawu by any numbsr of horses. The fame of “ Old Whitey” is as wide spread as his master’s, and he ought to have some share in the honors ofanation. The old fellow did all be could for his country, and that right willingly, too. He is falling into the sere and yellow leat, ond it is a shame to turn him to grass like any shab- beast “Old Whitey” is as distinctly associated the mind with General Taylor's fame, as Napoleon cecked hat was with . Can’t the committee ai rapge it eo that the General ride his valiant old steed in the procession. He is not of the prancing breed, for hard and honorable service has given him a contempt for such vanities; but for all that he deserves a kind thought and hospitable usage. [From the N. O. Delta, Deo. 3.] Gen, Taylor was waited on, yesterday, by the Commit- tee of Marshals, with the request that he would appear in the procession mounted on horsebaek, with his staff. He readily consented; and soif “old Whitey” is in pro- per condition, he will be rode to-day by his valiant mas- ler, accompanied b: tefl. Many are the ways in which people will essay to do honor to Gen Tylor. We aretold that the bullfght which was to have taken place yesterday, was postponed in honor of Gen Taylor. The races over the Bingaman couree don’t commence till to-morrow, in honor of Gen. Taylor. O’Meara, of the American, Clark & Hickok, of tho Commercial, ‘and Smith & Adams, of the Shades, give en extra lunch to-day, in honor of Gen Taylor. ‘The theatres put forward their very best bills and strongest casts this evening, in honor of Gen. Taylor. Omnibvus drivers promise not to run races to-day, iu honor of Gen Taylor. In fact, thousands of people, in & thousand peculiar, and # hundred ludicrous, but well- meaning ways, will to-day do honor to Gen lor—the city’s honored guest—the nation’s gallant soldier. Gon. Taylor visits the three theatres this evening. He first goes to the St. Charles—then to the American, and next to the Orleans; and then—to dine with what appe- tite he may. * Old Whitey” will have a share i day. The eld fellow’s pretension: been mised by the committee, and he will b how for his ser- vices. He has been ailing for sume days, and may not be in condition to be rid:en by Gen. Tayler. If such be the case, the General will ride a brown horse which car- ried him through the Florida war, and was wounded at Monterey, and * Whitey” wil] be ridden or led by the General’s servant. This is as it should be. It may not be remembered that at Buena Vista the color of Old Whitey attracted the attention of the enemy, and drew upon his master the fire of one of his principal batteries. Bat if he gave exercise to Mexican markemen, he at the me time was an object of anxious attention to the merioans, Ever and anon they turned thelr eyes in the direction in which he was, and as long as he could be seen, they knew that his rider was there overlooking the battle, which they felt sure would never be lost whilst Rough and Ready kept his seat in the saddle.—N. 0. Picayune, Dec. 3. Gen. Tavion’s Sworp.— Messrs. Hyde & Goodrich, who were commissioned by our State to have a sword imanufacturad to be presented to General Taylor, have fultilied their task with characteristic promptness and taste. The following isa description of it. The blade of the finest steel, bearing the motto,‘ Bis vincit qui se vincit in victoria.” The hilt and mountings of aword axe of fine gold; the scabbard is ornamented with a delicute and spirited engraving of each battle, tog ther with natioual and State devices. The grip is tagonal, composed of alternate facets of richly chased gold and mother of pearl, studded with knobs of gold,— The pommel represents the old cocked hat of the revolu- tion, surmounted by a plume; in the crown is a fine Cairngorum atone. ‘The guard is neatly engraved, pre- denting a shield covered by tbe American eagle, and surrounded by the panoply of war. On the shield Is the following inecription: ‘‘ Presented by the State of Loui- siana, to General Z Taylor, in testimony of the high opinion heldby the people of this State, of the skill, oon- duct and judgment shown by him, during his military life, but particularly during the battles of;Palo Alto on the Sth, and Resaca dela Palma, on the Sth of May, 1846” It was manufactured by Messrs Ames &Co, of Spoingfield, Mass , and we are informed, that they pro- notnes it the most elegant piece of workmanship ever turned out at their celebrated manufactory.—N. Grleene National, 1st inst, Maramowas, Noy. 19.—Gen. Taylor and staff arrived here this evening per steamboat Col Cross, from Camar- go. ‘The following is w list of theofficers accompaning him: Mej Bisa, Ass’t Adj’t Gen’l; Maj Eaton and Capt. arnett, Aid-de-camp; Col, Whiting, Aas’t. Q M. Gen’l; Col. Belknap, Insp’r Gen’; Col. Mansfield and Lieut Webster, Topogr’l Engineers ; Maj, Hunter, Paymaster, accompanied by his lady; and Capt. Uhapman, formerly Q M. wt Saitilo. The military guthorities of the place laonseainost repaired on board to offer their congratula- tions, He had his camp pitched this morning on the bank of the river, where he prefers to remain, instead of cosupying the sommodious quarters prepared for him in the town. I will give you the rumors, in default of more definite information, relative to his future more- ments :—First. it is tor Brazos Ld Jago, ecompanying him, not to return to Mexico command of a sufiicient ferce for offensive o; cations bo Others assert that he has not yet received leave of ab- sance, and that he will remain here until he receives it. Should he not obtvin leave of absence, it is asserted by some, thateven with the slender force and resources now #t his command, he will make a forward movement on San Luis Potosi Inthe latter rumor, | place but the pageant to- littly confidence, even after making every allowance for his bravery and indomitable perseverance. Maj, Hun- ter te expected to rel Forsyth in the pa; pariinent at this place—the latter having been order to Tampioo. It is also on that Capt. Chapman, formerly Quartermaster at Saltillo, relieve Captain Webb, as Quartermaster at this port, A Mr. Augustus ith, who had gone # few miles into the country to yurchase mules, is re) to have been killed yester- 'y by the Mexicans. A pasty of citizens have organ- ized on pose to-day in pursuit of the murderers. The nature of the despatches to Gen. Taylor, which passed here on the 34 inst. have been developed. They were to announce the change of policy adopted by the admin- istration for the future in carrying on the war. It is now fully believed that Mexico will be madeto pay as for as poenible the expenses of the war. PS —Since writing the above, | have learned that the body of Mr. Smith was found hor- ribly out to pleces.—Cer. N. GEN. QUITMAN AT HOME. (From the New Orleans Delta, Dec. 3 } Natonez, Tuesday, Nov. ‘So well is your noble journal, “ The Delta, appreciated in Natohez and ‘throughout Mississippi, that we must beg loave itthe medium through ing of our joy. or th jamities, as fortun = smile or frown upon us. Our Quitman is at home, and with us; so excuse any high-flown exbibition of our feelings of intense pleasure, pride, and triumph. Oh! bad you been here but yesterday morning, when that veteran oannonier, Capt. James C. Fox, so well known in your “ City of the Delta”’ as one of the most accom- plished of the Natohez firemen, let off those loud- mouthed Mexicau-trophy cannon, captured at Alvarado* and presented to Gen Quitman, with the permission ot the Secretary of the Navy, by Com. Ps They ace two long 12’, of & most excellent composition, originally intended for bow obasers in the naval service. One was mede in Barcelona, Old Spain, in 1768, and bears the — of El parr ee other rope enya ag Orion. ‘here was a sul in making these tropby-cannon arnounce that the a welcome to our victorious General had come; and well did Fox instruct them how to roar out weloome to “the free’ in “the home of the brave.” Gen Quitman’s mansion, called * Mon mouth,” nestles in « beautiful grove in the environs of Natchez, only about @ mile from the centre of the city A thrill of joy, precious as love and the idolatry of the affections could make it, must have pervaded the bosoms of bis aor and accomplished family, as the air vibrated around their home with the cannon bursts,and the swellof music and the roar of the stirred city broke upon thelrears Dr. Blackburn, a noble looking and chivalrous Ken- tuokian, now Captain of the “Natchez Fencibles,” was the chief mers! assisted by Gen. Smith, Messrs. An- drew MoCreery, 8. Winston, and Gen. R ‘Stanton. A large and imposing procession of milit led by the re |, nowned “Kendall’s Brass Band,” from “Spalding’s mon- ster circus,” now here, the masonic fraternity, sur- vivors of the battle of New Ori: invited aff; co E, R Price, of the 2d Mississippi rifles; Capt. Douglass Cooper, of the Ist Mississippi rifles. and Lieut. Kelger, of the volunteers. The moment of the movement of the procession was announced by Capt. R. Fitzpatrick, from ew brass piece of State artillery, named “ Quitman,” and carried in procession. It was answered by Capt. Fox, from his stationary battery on the Esplanade, who kept up @ running cannon-aceompaniment during the whole progress to the city. When the procession came proudly down Main street and halted opposite the City Hotel, the ceup d’ail waa most imposing— banners waved over the street, every baloony and window, and even the roofs were filled with ladies and children, while the street below, far and near, was choked with the plumed soldiery and the dense masses of citizens. The civic welcome to Quitman, amidst thunders of applause, was pronounced by the young and eloquent Martin, the Dis- trict Attorney for this Circuit. Col. A. L. Bingaman had been elected the orator of the day, but his una- voidable absence to your city prevented his acceptance, and Martin, as well as any other orator could have done, supplied his place. Bo:h'the addrens and Quitman’s re joinder were extemporane: end thrilled the mniti- tude witn the high impulses of the occasion. How wonderful, said Mariin, is it that the very city (Natchez) bearing the name of noble fragment of the Aztec who, in id the mur co, and stood on the bluff where their still remains—how remarkable was it that ry ashes of their graves there should have of their wrongs, and that our Quitman, had been deputed by Providence “to !) I do not attempt to quote his burn- ing language. Quitman’s reply ‘was modest, and replete with gratitude to his fellow citizens; filled with encomi- ums upon those great masters in the science of war un- der whem he had served—Taylor and Scott—naming, with a heart full of affection, not only the officers with whom he had associated, but those who had served un- der his orders, andin particular the rank and file of the army ; he spoke of the immense mountain of prejudice that hed been removed from the minds of the regular army entertained against the volunteer trusted that the American name now stood Etrope and ail over the world, in consequence of the deeds performed in Mexico by both armsof the service— the regular andthe voluntary. The collation now in- vited our whole population—ladies, gentlemen and child- ren—to a participation ; and such s generous, hearty, abundant “feast of the people” was rarely ever sven The cross-tabie at the head of the hall, was most luxuri- ously spread, and was the table of weloome to General Quitman, his staff, the invited guests and the distin guished individuals composing the Committee of Ar- rangements, the civioauthorities, &o. Here the vitality of the feast, like the heart in the human body, kept al: the longest; and when the multitudinous waves of people had a little subsided, fourteen regular toasts re druak, including the President of the United States ; the memory of Washington ; Gens Scott. Taylor, Quitman, Col. Jefferson Davis, Mejor Ezra R. Price, Capt. Doug: lass H, Cooper, Lieuts. Keiger and Posey; our gallant army in Mexico ; the surviving heroes of the war of 1812, and American mothers, wives and daughters. General Belix Hoston being absent, sent in the following volun- teer toast: Gen, John A, Quitman—“Second to none !”’ Six hours before any other chieftain, he fought his way into the centre of Monterey; near eight hours before any other leader, he had stormed the Garita and entered the city of Mexico; the first to plant the Stars and the Stripes over the Halls of the Montezumas! Charles Reynolds, E Natchez- The r f Gen. John A. Quit- man, the first Anglo-Saxon Governor of the * City of the Autecs!” Capt. James C. Fox gave, in allusion to the tact that, &@ quarter of a century ago, Quitman organized that splendid corps, the Natchez Fencibles, and was ther iret Captain : The First tain of the Fencibles—When the Ame- rican cannon and rifle, on the afternoon of Sept. 13th. roared at the Piedad Gate, Mexico cried out, “Who's dat knooking at de door?” The answer was, John A, Quit- man, & Natchez Fencible! There were many other striking sentiments drunk, among which were. That “ Revel in the Halls ef the Montezumas !— The dream of Gen. Sam Houston realized by General Quitman Gen. Quitman’s passage along the Aquedect from Cha- pultepec to the Garita de Belen, and the Piedad Gate, fore 13, 1847—The Bridge of Lodi in American tory ! Gen. Quitman’s dinner-table response tothe sentiment in his honor, was most happy. He spoke of hi peoted Major-Generalship without apy adeq mand, but was too much of an American “to give it up 80”: had, temporarily, communded soldiers from nearly every State in the Union—broken and wasted regiments —fragments—the odds and ends of commands—but he assured th dience that w! he commanded such of- fleers “ Gens . Smith and | Shields, and euch men as he ed to o ani ie Garita teandoe es 4 ‘t de Belen, they were Amoug other sentiments, the “State of Kentucky” was toasted. In response, s young and eloquent lawyer, now settled in your city, Thomas H. Holt, Esq, ana. tive of Old Kentucky, made a most eloquent and thrill- ing speech, which was received with tumultuous ap- plause. The sentiment which called him out, offered by J A. Van Hoesen, Faq , was:— Old Kentucky—Tho battles in Mexico attest the va- lor of her sons! No one can conceive the enthusiasm which the elo- quent Holt called up. He concluded by relating ecdote of Madame Quitman, the wife of the general Said he, when the brave veteran was bursting open things at Monterey, some neighboring ladies, thinking that Mre Quitman must feel in the depths of sorrow and affliction at such terrible doings, went to condole and sympathise with her—asking her if she had not dread- fal feelings e danger and exposure of her husband among those “rude throated engines” of death. she confessed that she bad her feelings on the occasion, as f, ich one feeling was predominant, which was, that she “ would rather be the widow of # man who had fallen fighting the battles of his country, than the wife of a living coward!”” Amidst the storm of applause which followed, Holt cried out, ths husbands and sons of such women cannot be whipped by the Mexican or any other nation.—(Tre- mendous cheering ) THE DEFENCES OF MEXICO. (From the New Orleans Picayune, 2d inst. ] Mach as bas already been said, our ple eren up to this time have but an imperfect idea of the immense superiority of force Gen Scott?slitte army had to contend within the Valley of Mexico So weeks si it the editors of this paper, writing from Ue evat of war, attempted to dra parallel between the Jeeds of the early Spaniards and those of our own gallant soldiers, but at the time he did not know the full atrength onthe Mexican works and fortificatio: fo the noted 13th Sept, andre of the comparatively insignificant band ef invaders From a statement by Capt. Lee, one of the best engi- neers in the American or any other service, it would seem that the Mexicans had at the Penon.... .. . 20 batteries, for 51 gi and 15 breastworks Mex:calsingo. 8 38 San Antonio. 7 a Chnrabasco.. 2 15 Con 1" 2 ‘ Chapu “ 19 * “ Total... 45 169 25 These were the outer works, admirably wi for defence, and presenting « most form! ance to those who were compelled to fr causeways, marehi d open plains, ‘wor El Molino, inotu © battery and the lines of infan- try intrenchménts and strong buildings, are not enume- rated in the above. Immediately around the city of Mexico, independent of the innumerable ditchen—these ditches filled with water, gen 26 feet wide and 6 feet deep, whose banks formed nat parapets —there were 47 additional batteries, prepared like the others fow 177 gui id with 17 intantry breastworks. Adding aoe Hod the oo at es bas on all the lines defend- LJ approaches city no less than vinety-two }) Prepared for three hundred and forty-six guns, and forey-twonfantey breastworks! When Ii le edged that to all these works—and our own engineers were Fejrvse | struck with the admirable style in which all the batteries of the enemy were constructed—that the city of Mexico was naturally defended by canals, houses of solid and newer meccrey, mud di , water, &o., ko that all the bufidings have fiat roofs with solid parapets that the convents and many other public edifices are but when ail these circ’ 80 many fortifioations— joes are taken into consideration, with the immense numerical superiority of the Mexicans, the achievements of the in- vaders would sopeet almost incredible. The science of engineering is probably was v, a8 there his two regiments, the 11th and 12th of the line, infant were utterly annihilated. From thst day until the co ital was entered, comparatively speaking, our army auf- fered but little from the musketry of the a his can- pon doing nearly all the execution. Gen. Quitman’sad- vance upon the Garita of Belen, one of the most darin; } deeds-ot the war, was through an avenue of blood ow by the grape, canister and round shot of the Mexican canoon, while the streets of San Cosme, through which the remnant of Gen. Worth’s division was compelled to advanoe, was literally ps by the heavy cannon and wall pieces at the garita of thesame name. The infan- try firing sround the base of Chapultepeo wasas nothi compared with the incessant tornado of bullets whic! rattled amid the ranks ef our columns as they advanced upon Churubuseo and the Molino del Rey. And who constructed the batteries and breastworks around the capital of Mexico ? Men, women, and chil- dren, as by a’common impulse, were busy nightand day, and even ladies of the higher claes, are said'to have been liberal in their toil in adding to the common defence Works complete in every partsprung up, as if by magic; the morning light would dawn upon some well barri- caded ppproeen which the night before was apparently open to the advance of armed men. From the outponts of the Amerie: at any time between the Sth and 12th September, thousands and thousands of the enewy could be seen, spade and mattock in hand, strengthening old and f rming new barriers, and the busy hum of labour reached our sentinels even§during the still hours of the night, as fresh guns were placed in position, or new avenues of approach were closed against the inva- ders. Yet all would not do. ‘he Mexicans had not the stern courage to defend the worka they had constructed with such zealand and one after another fell before the unflinching bravery of men who had bnt victory or death before them, THE BATTLE OF CONTRERAS—THE GREAT BATTLE OF MEXICO. [From the New Orleans Delta, Deo. 1] No achievement of our army, since it invaded Mexi- oo, equals in brilliancy, or in important results, the great victory obtained by Gen. Smith over Valencia, at Con- treras. Fully to appreciate its brilliancy, and’ momen- tous consequences, it will be necessary to understand the condition of our army just before it occurred, and the preparations which had been made by the Mexicans to oop and oppose Gen. Scott's advance. When our army left Puebla, it had barely 9000 ef- fective men, twenty cannon, large and arhall, one hun- dred rounds of ammunition, and the miserable sum of $8000 in the military chest. So inadequate did our old- est officers consider its strength and means to accom- Plish the object of the expedition, that they were near- y unanimougin condemning and opposing the advance rom Puebla. Gens. Quitman and Shields alone, ofthe general officers, advised the advance. Gen. Scott coin- cided with them—the march was commenced, and our simy descended into the rich and populous valley of Mexico, under the incomplete preparations and with the scanty means reterred to. On the 19th of August, the army approached the po- sition of Contreras, a strongly entrenched camp, defen- ded by twenty large cannon. On that day our advanced troops suffered much from the constant fire of the ene- my’s artillery, The night closed gloomily. The rain poured down in torrents, and the darkness was so great that many of our troops were dispersed over the pomneey. able to find their campsand head- quarters. ‘he suffering and depr m which pre- vailed throughout the whole army that night cannot be well described Before them, and on the road to the city, Santa Anna had, by incredible exertions, fortified 8 position of great natural strength, and collected behind it an immense and well equipped army. And here was our little army, without quarters, exposed to a merciless storm of cold rain, with most inadequate means, and in- sufficient ammunition, brought to a stand by one of the enemy’s outposts. But there were two men. at least, in our army, who, amid‘all these discouragements, pre- served their confidence and courage unshaken. They were Persifor F. Smith and Winfleid Scott. ‘The former, with the eye of a true soldier, had surveyed the field, and conceived the plan by which he was confident of carrying that important position. Through his Aid,he communica- ted his plan to Gen. Scott, who wag three miles off, and who, with a map before him, wan engaged in tracing the operations which he had determined to make the order of the next day. Gen. Scott was struck with Smith’s strategy, approved it fully, amd sent ~bields to aid him. That Slane Shields’ brigade was wader arms, and com. menced a re march over @ strange and horribly rough country, and under an unceasing shower of rain. Over the rough pedregal, through the corn-fields, wading ditches and ascending and descending ravines where the men would have to cling to every hanging root or tree to savethem from falling,Shields’ gallant volunteers pro- ceeded te join Smith. When the latter Shields ¢oming up he turned pale and could not conceal the mor- tification and disappointment he felt in being ranked Just on the eve of the great battle he had go skilfully matured. “ Make yourself easy, General Smith,” re- marked the gallant ‘and magnanimous Shields, as he #a- luted him—* You missed your chance at Cerro Gordo, and you shall have it now. I will assist, but not com- mand you,”’ The results are well known. A more skilfal plan, more brilliant exeoution, more effective operations, were never performed by uny army, than those which resulted in the utter defeat of this strong fort and the capture of all the artillery and of most of the force ot the enemy. The conception and arrangement of this plan belong ex- clusively to Smith, The ridiculous claim set up by another officer, whose insufferable vanity and self-con- ceit have disgusted those who have hitherto defended him against upjust attacks and undeserved censure, renders it necesrary that we should be thus explicit in & matter on which there can now be no difference of opinion. But the object of this article is to show the important effects of this great victory. The hand of Providence seems to be visible in this affair. Had Valencia obeyed the order of Santa Anna, sent to him on the 18th Au- fart, snd fallen back to Coyoacan or Churubusco with is 6000 veteran troops,twenty-one large cannon. and his vast stores of ammunition, iz would Haves strength- ened Santa Anna that we doubt if Gen. Scott could ever have carried this latter position As it was, ovr army encountered a fierce and destruotive opposition, which cost us athousand killed and wounded. Our army, too, but for the victory of Contreras, would have exha' its supply of ammunition before it could have m impression on the enemy's strong position, Churu- busco. But the capture of Contreras supplied the whole army with abundant stores of ammunition, and doubled the strength of our artillery. The result proved the sagacity of Santa Anna : for, had Valencia obeyed the order to evacuate his position, we doubt if our army would now be occupying the city of Mexico. The victory of Contreras Hk ed to our army the road to the capital. Itis emphatically the great battle of the war. Hadit been a defeat, disgrace and ruin, or utter annihilation, would have been the fate of our army.— Immortal glory, then, to the gallant and sagacious chief who planned this great victory—who has gained for the Pelican State a new chaplet of military renown to inter- weave with the still unfading laurels of Chalnette !— Glory to the intrepid officers and devoted soldiers who 40 nobly executed the plan #0 wisely conceived ! And fervent be our gratitude to that kind Providence whose merch rescued our army from great peril, and saved the name and fame of our republic | 4 MEXICAN AFFAIRS. [From the Washington Union, Deo. 10 } neen to-day an intelligent officer immediately from the army of Major Gen. Scott. He came in the lant train from the city ot Mexico. He states that the Mexicans are unwilling to see us quit their country; that they declare their lives and property have never been so safe as under the protection of our army; and that they are apprehensive, jf we retire, of seeing their countr again torn to pieces by contending factions sad military oppressors. ‘This gentleman is of opin- jon (and itis the general opinion of the army) that only by throwing more troops country to nesiat those who are al These are able to retain the capital, a Cruz, and keep the guerillas at bay. But additional reiuforcements would make excursions to preper points whenever it was proper to extend our conquests, from State to State, and from capital to capi- tal, and to command the rich mines, some of which are within forty miles of the capital. Every effort has been made to cover up these mines, under the guise of British ownership, through the inventive genius of a British agent in Mexico. It is the opinion of the officer alluded to, that we should also exact contributions, by means of such taxes upon property as were levied by the Mexi- cans themselves. Our informant entertains little doubt that, by tbus bringing the war nearer to the Mexicans, they would be disposed to seek for peace—particularly if our troops should throw their protection over the peo- ple for a short time. ) general representations of the state of things in y quarters that we d, were we at liberty, on authority nearer to Mexico and even more reliable, because founded upon a longer and a more intimate acquaintance with the character and the feel- ings of her people, BANTA ANNA’S LAST MAINFESTO. Mosr Exceut Sin-—By some accident, | have to- day come into possession of various documents, in one of ‘ich is contained the communication which your Fx- cellency addressed to the Minister ot Foreign Affairs, dated on the 22d ult., in which you acknowledge the re- ception of the note which was sent to you on the 16th, together with the decree of the eame date, investing you with 0) residency of the Republic. In that commu- nication you make such observations as you deemed ap- Propriate, concerning your determination to exclude the aesoeiates whom | named for the exercise of the supreme authority of the nation, concluding by declaring that you are disposed to administer the government alone, in order to act in ® manner more constitutional, and more conformable to the dictates of your conscience I certainly do not intend to enter upon the discussion concerning this point, to which the observations of your it give rise, ap it would be useless to sus- tain such ® question at present, when the council of gov- Mexico are confirmed from so m: ernment—in place of which, and In exercise of the pow- ers with which | was invested, I named the associates— may have already assembled But. in order that | may not be misunderstood, it ieto remove certain offensive impressions concerning me, to which your Excellency has given rise in your note, the more, as it appears that these were uttered in order to prepare and g! color- Hua- sing me to give upthe army with which nemy, under the pretance of submitting ine he josef the annpos tS sah I ne Ae * respecting the dignity of First Magistrate of the Republic, with which I'was invested, ‘al constitution concedes to me, during the P1 a rafter. It would not be neces- sary for me to exo te myself before the nation from the imputationa w! my enemies have made, because my conduct in the war against the invaders could not have been more frank and loyal. Those who were at m: side in the presence of the enemy, have seen me po danger, instead of flying from it. There are many other witnesses of my conduct, and it would be sufficient for me to oppose their testimony to the rumors spread about by maligaity, without causing me to lower myself so much 44 to answer those who have called me traitor, because en injury #0 astrocious merits only my contempt ; and! am certain that therein not a single Mexican of feeling who will not perceive that the origin of these accusa- tions has been, dither to hide the faults which some have committed during the campaign, or has been a plan cal- culated to detraet from = glory, to deprive me of the confidence of my sulrdinates, and to facilitate the triumph of the epemy. Ensed by these reflections, and by the testimony of my conscience, | would tranquilly hope that when im isk history should discover the cause of our misfortunes, the nation would appreciate my services and do me justice; but, as the voice of maleyo- lence has found a hidds id in your expressions, and in my scparation from the command at the moment I was Operating against the enemy, it is necessary that | should explain my acts, to preserve my name free from suipicion, to show the nation why I separated myself from the sem peles, and to prevent my being lessened in the opinion of those persons who only hear those whose poly ovcupation is to calumniate me. The unfortunate events which occurred during the middle of last September, obliged me to evacuate the capital of the republic, in order to save the supreme and that part of the army which was left, ain in condition to prosecute the war against rs. These were the points which required my attention during these mournful occurrences, and for that reason I invested you with the supreme power, as being the person called by the laws to discharge it,de- signating the city of Queretaro as your residence, and as the place where the sovereign Congress should meet. One division of thearmy, placed under the command of Sr. Gen. de Herrera, as a support to the government; with another division I went to Puebla, to commence there the operations which | meditated upon the enemy’s line from Mexico to Vera Cruz At this time I united political and military command, because such a union appeared to me necensary, in or- der to give more energy to the action of the govern- ment, while the capital remained in such eminent peril; but circumstances having varied, and the duties of the chief executive magistrate becoming different from those of the general who should command the army, it was necessary to divide the authority, in order that the first should go to Queretaro, and.that the second should seek ‘A more advantageous field in which to combat the my. My choice could not be doubtful, as in my military character, since my réturn to the republic, | had no other intention than constantly to fight for my country. preferred the toils of the campaign to those of the cabinet. It was not fear of the political situation of the country which made me decide for war, as my enemies have gratuitously supposed. ‘he man who in different battles has exposed his life to serve his country—who has sought danger from one end of the republic to the other, and who, finally, is resolved to run new risks, in order to extract one favor from fortune—cannot be ter- rifled by the obstacles in the way of the progress of the nation. The country has a thousand powerful elements with which to make head against the dangers which en- viron it; andic is certain that it will not be free from embarrassment in the use of those which it possesses. But favored by a firm will, they can be conquered; and al last it succumbs, it will have dono-the same, and no more, a8 @ general who has resolved to divin te, in order to make @ last effort to preserve the inde- pendence #0 unjustly attacked. With this opinion, I do not fear the criticism of those who hav ‘id that lacked courage to continue in the government; because the nation judge whether my detractors are right; especially as, when | left the power in other hands, | did not totally abandon it—nor could | avoid Deesct ane the character of President of the republic, although | did not exercise it-—having, with that title, taken command ofthearmy. Iésaid,it is true, that | renounced the pre- sidency; but neither was this idea sufficiently expressed on account of the pressure of the circumstances under which I issued the manifesto, dated Guadaloupe de Hi- dalgo,and the decree of the samo day; uor was it more hau an expression of wy wish for that which needed the sanction of the law to permit it to take effect, and which, even until now, could not have been done, on account of the recess of Congeess Since my fellow-citizens honored me, through their worthy representatives, by confiding to me the first ma- gistracy,! have manifested the same desire toe onerate myself from it; because, let them say what they will, I never have desired a command surrounded by #0 much bitterness ; and even now | um disposed to carry out my project. "Notwithstanding, my excuses were not accepted at that time; neither has there since existed avy authority which could accept those which | make anew. So it is, that although for thisand other moti my separation from the government might be absolu ly necessary, only bad faith and turpitude could under- stand that | was no longer President of the Republic,— when the Congress of the Union, whioh should decide upon my renuaciation, bad not met : consequently, my cessation of the command has been only temporary, 00- casioned in part by my Caps soon in the Cor pte which was incompatible with thegovernment ; and part- ly by my desire of separating myself from business. But both de pend upon the agreement of the body which represents the nation whose fate has been confided to t- me. ‘This is the most exact judgment that can be formed in view of past events, and any other supposition is vio- lent and arbitrary, because I have not had the power to renounce the Presidency ad interim of the Republic and | leave {t to be estimated what he would merit who would abandon this charge as he would a weight which he was incapable of supporting. I have contracted many obligations with the nation, and in quitting the publi stage, I ought, if it should be wished, to give an account of my conduct, in order to preserve the esteem of my follow-citizens, «the only re- compense to which | aspire for the slight services which I have been able to render the national cause. ‘The preceding reflections are obvious to him who will dispassionately consider, notwithstanding you, of whose eminence and feeling it could the less have been expect- ed, are the first who has misunderstood them, and with- out considering the legality or illegality of my renuncl- ation, and moreover without resolving to accept it, be- cause of your incompetency, you have only considered ‘D4 my voluntary and spontaneous separation from the Pre- sidency, and for this reaton have judged the nation to be without a chief, and compelled to seek a head to direct its destinies and to save it from anarchy; and, in view of this condition of affairs, you have resolved’ to take charge of the government, conformably with the constitution of the republic. ‘These ideas might well be the offspring of the most pure scrupulous patriotism; but your Excellency will permit me to suggest to you, that it was not necessary, in order to declare them, to present me to the nation as a fugitive who abandoned the government which was confided to him, and that if your Excellency had not determined to assume it, so- ciety would have been dissolved. ‘The imputation which is made against me is entirely gratuitous, and it only proves hatred to my person, which seeks but occasions to show itaelf, even in those things in which these feel- ings should be least manifested. Should justice, and the consideration to which my conduct entitles me, be respected, there is nothing ille- gal, nor nothing “hich should bring me reproach, in leaving the Presidency in order to go to serve my coun- try with my blood—seeking the enemy wherever | might be able tocombat him with em; and to have issued a decree by which your Exovllency was inv with power, and by which you were to decide w you might be able to exercise the functions ot ment without the fear of a sudden invasion, was not leaving the republic without a head, nor in the neoessi- ty of seeking some one to direot it. But if your ex- bt been resolved to undertake this service, | would have left the army to march to Queretaro, although this would not have been in aceordance with my ideas, because as long as my resignation is not ac- cepted | consider myself the president of the republic, and [ will not be freed from the responsibilty which [ owed to the nation in accepting this important trust. Moreover, the only thing which could have produced my separation from the government, was a cessation of the exercise of the magistracy on account of this bein; Incompatible with the service ot the campaign, whieh 1 embraced in preference, because | promised myrelf to obtain results of the greatest importanoe. For these reasons | saw with more surprise than [| can explain, the crder which was communicated to me by the most excellent minister of foreign relations, whom your excellency has appointed to deliver up the com- mand of the army, and to choose with the consent ot the government, as my residence, @ place where | should remain upon my parole of honor, while the council of general officers who are to jadge of me for the lons of the actions in which | commanded, should dispose of my cane. | confess that my first impulse was to deny the autho- rity by which this disposition was made of me, in the ams of your excellency who only exercises the first ma- gistracy in my place, and who, if he could in this charac- ter depose ® general from commsnd, could also do the same thing with the President, whom only the national Congress could deprive of the command of the army by revoking the permission which had been given to com- mand it It slso appeared to me sufficiently astonishing that a general should be appointed to relieve me who was at the same time # prisoner of war, and who had not been legal- ly exchanged; neither was it known whether the enemy would liberate him without any conditions, in order that he might take command of an army whieh won ing war against them. And above ail, it would have appeared impossible to me, had | not seen it with my own eyer, that your excellency wished to re-estab- lish the morale, and to begin an era of regeneration, should have commenced this work by denying my au- thority, and deposing me from the power which should be confided in me, by overthrowing the constitution of the country, and by trampling, in my person, the gua- rantees conceded to the President of the republic, as has been done, by submitting me to « trial, without the pre- vious declaration which should have been made by the national Congress. No one would have dou! the OO DECEMBER 12, 1847. if | had then opposed the exe- cution of the orders of your excellency, who deem yourself superior to the law. In spite of this, I have Preferred to obey, hecause to commence a contest with ecutive, in the present state of the country, would have been to aggravate its evil d I wished to sacri- fice to it every sentiment whi could weaken the go- vernment in the prosecution of the war; certain that, by a legal process, | would obtain all due reparation, and thet afterwards there would be abundant time to throw all responsibility upon that most exeellent mini ter, who authorised a course of proceeding s0 contri tothe constitution, For the same reason, | abstained trom revoking the decree of the 16th November, as I could have done, and resumed the power which still, by the thority of the nation, resi: bf it to ex- cite a dispute, in presence of th ur Excellency nor myself, had you bad oppose mu, would be able to dissharge the government legally, would have been to leave the nation without a head, and it appeared to me to take @ future time to reclaim the presidency, to which the laws gave mee title. We are not now in the same position, because | do not command an army, which could assist my claims. These are founded in the laws, which all should respect, and it will be they that will decide whether you have acted in accordance with the constitution or have abused its functions. I have now given the reasons which impelled me to separate myself from the government, and notwithstand- ing this, | retained command of the army, as President, because in no other character could | holdit. On the and, whatever may be the opinion of your Excel- ,concerning my renunciation, it must be evident to you, that as long as it is not accepted, | am not onevated from the trust reposed in me; and you likew! know that it could not be acted upon, because Congress, to whom my resignation shoul! have been directed, had not assembled. [t is also equally decreed that the Pri dent of the Republic can onl; acoused before the Chambers for the offences ignated in Art. 38 of the constitution, and he cannot be judged without it being reviously declared that there is room for an accusa- ion. Notwithstanding this, your Excellency supposing that I would have had the singular idea of accepting my own resignation, have voluntarily or involuntarily fallen into the error of considering it accepted, in order to unfold the plan, whose first act was to deprive me of the command of the army, and to endeavor to bring me totrial without observing the formalities which have been established in favor of the dignity which the nation confers upon its high functionaries. By such proceed- ings, not only has the constitution been violated, and my person and honor outraged, but I have, moreover, been deprived of the power of contributing, with my services, to the national defence ; and I, who, in return- ing to my country, had no other object, who have been honored by it with the first magistracy. contracted the duty, to be the first to comply with, aud to cause the constitution of the nation to be complied with, and as { do not consider myself relieved from these duties until my resignation of the Presidenoy shall have been accep- ted, I cannot see with indifference the aberrations which have been committed; nor, that far from taking any moans to combat the enemy, the army has been coun- termarched, leaving the country at the discretion of the invader, and itis in consequence of this that the go- vernment of the State of Puebla!was attac in ii tirement at Atlixco, and that ot sacked ; that Gen. D, Juan Alvarez has gone to the South of Mexico, not counting any longer upon the aid of the division which 1 com jd; that Iam separated from the theatre of war, assisting the enemies of the country in obstructing my operation: lastly, that since the commence- mont of your administration. the spirit of party has been resuscitated—enmities, which should have been extin- guished. revived, giving place to anarchy and disunion among the Mexicans, from which the ruin of the repub- lic may resukt. In view of such a state of things, my return to the government bas become facia penen es, because all the responsibility of the results will rest upon me, until the deposit which the nation has confided in me shail be re- turned to it. If 1 should act in accordance with my rivate wishes, I would with pleasure decline this act, Deewuss 1 will repeat « thousand times that | do not de- sire acommand whieh exposes me to be the mark of every justnees of my resistan troops atill were, The Laperos at last got 10 daria ef 8 athag they came within twenty yards of the the hard namen for the Yankees they could ley tongues to, and at the same time keeping up a fire of musketry. The Americans got so wraity at this that they planted a cannon in the middle of ths road. s few doors from our house. and fired sanister or grape shot at the mob. This had the effect of clearing the street for & rT I had forgotten to say that the Americans bad been obliged to fire grape down several of the other streets during the morning For some days after the entrance of the Peary’ es xi- 00 presented # most extraord! appearar oe, ry foreign house hoisted the flag of its nation; so nume- rous were these that Mexico appeared to be inhabited al- most exclusively by foreigners, much to the astonish- ment of th ikees. The fact is, hundreds of black- uard Mexicans put out the Spanish fia Aiea they ad as muoh right to do as youor I. glorious old Union Jack, aud it made one of one’ country to hear the remarks of the soldiers. — “Therc’s John Bull,” “There the right sort; “Hurrah for the ould ceuntry;” and in fact, am it the men, our (British) flag was that which commanded most re- spect;there were very few,about ten or twelve altogether, in the city. The British Minister had the same — 5 of honor tant to his house ae General soot hd ped viz thirty men. The Spanish Legation got » dentinel to stand at the door ass favor. ‘The speniards hate the Amerieans bitterly; add I believe no love is lost between them, for the Americans are only civil to people who spoak English. It is very amusing to hear the - cana and the Mexicans bartering together, each speak- ing his own tongue. The American soldiers are such very unsuspicious fellows, that they go with the Mexi- cans to drink, and when tipsy are assassinated in & most cowardly manner. hear of some six or seven mur- ders of this sort every day. The common soldiers are erally very dirty, quite a bad as the Mexicans, and great many of the officers not muoh better; and as for smoking, chewing and spitting—Heaven send us well through it all! There are individual officers whom 1 have found to be very gentlemanly fellows ; but there are “none of our most ee t officers,” and (vide Mar- tin Chuzzlewit for Yank: latives) ae ly they are no more to be com to our officers for good breeding, than gents or snobs to gentlemen. They are all fond of juleps, ke , and begin pretty early in the morning. The cafes are now making mints of money, for they sre, as you may suppose, constantly filled. Another very eeable feature in the Yankees is the terrible way in which they swear. | am certainly of opinion that an occasional d— adds force to one’s con- versation ; but when | hear an oath which lasts about « quarter of a minute to get completely out, 1 must say [ entertain no high opinion of the man who makes such a blackguard of himself as to use it. A great many Mexican families are returning every day from the country, to get out of the clutches of the guerilleros, who are laying waste the land. Gen. Scott says, we shull very soon have the communication with Vera Cruz open, a8 he has some 8,000 men on the road from Vera Cruz to this, who will make a chain of forti- fled posts from this city to the coast. By the bye, I for- ‘ot to mention what I think of Scott’s appearance. He ff a splendid looking old fellow, Es about 65), 1 sey at least six feet iour inches high, and broad in pro- tion. Primunt just devote a line or two to the Mexicans. Sante Anna is supposed to inthe neighborhood of Puebla, which city has been abandoned by the Americans, and raged Ry the guerilleros—rerorts La say he has been made a prisoner by his own people. Herrera, who separated from Sante Anna at Guadaloupe, pi to Queretaro with the infantry. Bustamente bas arrived at that city, where Congress is to meet on the 6th proximo, but all hacked papper of peace seem ho; e Pena y Pena has been je interim President of ‘oluca, whilst five of the northern States reat chief, Gonzales Cosio—so they are, as usual, at sixes and se" Serr. 28, 1847.— pen to-morrow, with the “ Lady of Lyons” and the “ Loan of a Lover; every one is learning English. We have already a great many signs printed in English, such ss “Halr-cutting, Shaving, Dining Rooms,” &c ; in fact, Mexioo is completely changed. I forgot to tell you the fitty-eight Irishmen were banged. public faction; but sxcred duty—a duty which I cannot evade without forfeiting the confidence of the nation— compels me to withdraw from the position to which your Excellency has reduced me, in order not to be cul- pable in leaving the government during the afflicted state of the country, as some with excess y asserted, who do not consider that its dis could not be combined with the duties of a general who went to seek an opportunity of repairing the reverses which the national arms had suffered. That this should have been frustrated, has not depended upon me, but upon your Excellency, who deemed it convenient to re- lieve ine of the command It will be your Excellency who will answer to the nation for having given only the Iternative of denying your authority, and commencing a civil war, or of submitting, as I have done. destring to avert greater evils. This deference may have been error ; but [ hope that my fellow-citizens will exculpa’ me, considering only the purity ot my intentions. For my part, [ have obeyed the wishes of your Excel- lency, as exercising the Executive power of the nation ; and in this manner [ give to the army which | com- manded, an example of subordination and respect to the constitated authorities 1 now should return to use my rights as first magistrate of the Republic, and you only listening to the volce of the law, should deliver to me the government, considering that’ my resignation of the Presidency has net yet been accepted, and that | am ready to re-exercise power, a8 I have no longer the command of the army, which prevented me from doing so. Having manifested my reasons for separating myself from the government, and those which impel me to re- turn to it, in spite of my repugnance, | do not fear that I will be accused of inconstancy and fickleness in my de- terminations, when that which makes ine vary them is the occurrence of unexpected events, iu which | was highly compromised, Neitherjcan there be any who may understand that it is my intention to elude the justice which your excellency has announced to me, because | have said, and | repeat it, that | am disposed to the nation, in a legal manner, an sccount of my pc and military conduct, and if I did not submit to t! bunal which you wished to assemble to judge because in this course of proceeding the forms have not beon observed which should be complied with in acting upon the crimes of the first magistrate of the republic, andthe constitutional guaranties have likewise been viol . I cherish at this time no resentment for the injuries done my person, nor have | any other desire than to pre- serve fremany wound my reputation, during the last days ot my public career, and {ffor some errors | may have incurred general odium, it cannot be denied that I have done whatever was possible to sustaim the cause of the country. If the mation has any thing for which to condemn me, the sovereign body which represents it will exercise this right, and I address myself to the s vereignty, giving it an account of what and making a formal resignation, that it may decide as it deems convenient, as you will be pleased tu see by the copy which I direct to your excellency. Teepe that in your actions you may be animated by a sense of patriotiam ; and! reiterate the assurance of my distinguished consideration and esteem. God and liber- ty! ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA. Trnvacan, Nov. 1, 1847. To the Most Exoellent President of the Supreme Court of Justios, exercising the Supreme Executive power of the Republic. AN AMUSING ACCOUNT OF THE CAPTURE OF CITY OF MEXICO, BY AN ENGLISHMAN. [Correspondenoe of the London Chronicle } Mrxico, Sapt 26.—Since I last wrote to you, the long wished for (by me) occupation of this city by the Ame- ricans has been accomplished. On the morning of the 12th (Sunday) the Americans commenced in earnest by opening three batteries against Chapultepec, which continued to play the whole of that day with considerable effect Mexicans returned the fire briskly, and caused some loss The bombarding was recom- the following morning early, and at about nin A. M., the castle was tal by assault. The Am ticans who composed the rn hope, behaved sple: didly, never once faltering. Our friend, Captain Ro- berts, was one of the officers detailed for the service; he THE 7 tarted with 125 men, and reached the battle- mente with only 30. The Mextoans poured tremendous volleys amongst them, but ran like deer when it cametothe bayonet. General Bravo, the commander of the fort, was taken prisoner, with about @ thousand men. He says Santa Anna would not send him reinforcements when he asked for them, and that he had only some 200 or 300 men in the place when it was taken. This, however, was false, for an Englishman who was on the top ofa private house at Tacubsya (about # mile off) during the whole affair, was on the spot within an hour after the Americans’ triumph, and he says he counted somo 600 prisoners, and then left joff, and that there seemed to be as many more o ae place. om tances of the American flag was distinctly seen from | 0 by see whe had taloaoopes. I saw the bombardment for several hours on the 12th, from the azotes of « friend’s house. Chapultepec is only about three miles Plage. aMThe Amerioun hon attacked the oity from two pointa, vim, by the Tacubaya and the San Casine Gari- faa, both which places they took on that afternoon, driving the Mexican army into the citadrl, whence » tremendous cannonade was kept up That evening, must confess,the pros; looked rather black, and we all felt conv! ricans would bombard the next day. I one of the windows, looking out on the plaza, talking with « friend till 10 PM. All the Mexican cavalry were arsembled in the square, snd we made up our minds for a pretty scene the following day ; however, | went to- bed, and forgot all about shells, ko. The next morning, about half-past six, the servant came into my room and woke me up, saying General Smith’s division was just entering the Plaza, Santa Anna, with the whole ‘army, still some 12,000 to 14,000 men, had quietly sneaked out of the citadel in the dead of the night, passed our door, and got out by the Guadalupe Garita He never told the Ayuntamiento snything of his intended movements, but left poor Mexico to take care of iteelf as best It could At about eight A.M. Gen, Seott, with his staff, rode into the Plaza, and entered the long-talked-of hails of Montexuma. All the troops presented arma, and gave him three real British hurrahs, which did my heart good after the mi- sorable Mexican vioay. Everything in the city denoted the greatest quiet, and the troops ocoupied the I'iase ithout molestation, some few rtray hots only having Toon fred at them from the house tops, A little after it for Mexicans the Ame- nine, A. M., this firing assumed an alarming character, being heard in all the streets adjoining the laze. The Yankee r.flemen were then obliged to oooupy & few oom- manding points, such as churches, convents, and in the course of that day killed ng of Lape “4 Lag thing was quiet, excepting down our street, which lea to the Guadalupe Garite, where Banta Anne and his he roads are still very uppieasant, so many dead h mutes Aying pudcifyings ever the deed Mexi- oreet ore allowed co I vores da¢s betore removal. The Eo from the a ber of beautiful trees whic! xicans were ol = to fell in front of their battery there. In fect, Mexico has now seen 8 few of the horrors of real war. 5 with you, that Mexico were “ settled’’--indeed, to make a pun, it'is, I think, pretty well so, if the capital in pos- session of the enemy and an almost total disbanding of its army,can be considered as any criterion. con! ENT OF AMMUNITION, CLOTHING, &c. On Friday last information was given by a Mexican woman in /a;Calle de Padre Lacuna,near the G' gate, that a large amount of ammunition and clothing was concealed in # house in that street. Capt. McKins- try,and we believe some other officers of the Quarter Master's Department, repaired to the spot, and posted sentinels at the door of the building. The door of the apartment, indicated, was plastered over so that no lace of egress was apparent. |t was soon brokem through, jowever, and some three wagon loads of clothing, sad- dies. drums, and other musical instruments, pistols, a small quantity ofpowder and a few muskets (one bear- ing Uncle Sam’s mark upon it) were taken away. The house is the residence of Col. ¢ Mexican off- cer now with the remnant of t! Anna.— American Star, (Mexico) Oc ARMY INTELLIGENCE. Capt. Morton P. Fairchild, who no nobly sustained the honor of his country and the credit of our oity on se- veral Mexioan battle fields, is now on his return, for the purpose of recruiting the ranks of his company, most cruelly thinned in the campaign. Capt. F. is warder,and many will remember the occasion resentation of a beautiful sword to him previous to is departure, and the chivalric response made by the then untried, but true-souled volunteer, to the speeeh ‘an 6th of the of presentation, Right nobly has he redeemed every pledge then given, having eminently distinguished him- self in se ngagements, and especially at the bloedy fight of Cerro Gordo. By recent advices from Mexico, we learn also that Lieut. C. B. Brower, lately atresident of Brooklyn, but now attached to company F, N. Y. 8. volunteers, in Mexico, has, for his deeds of fearless daring in many hard fought actions, been recommended by the general officers to the Government at Washington, for a Lieu- tenautcy in the segular ormy. ‘The officers of the New York Regiment who have re- turned to engage in the reeruiting service, while they recover from their woun sol. W. B. Burnett, Ma- jor Garret Dyckman, Capt. C. H. Innes, Lieutenants Thomas W. Sweeny, J. C. Potter, and Chas. 8. Cooper. Resigned —Captain Shaw, Lieuts, Sherwood, Brown, Griffin and Durning. The steamer Portland left last evening for Vera Cruz, with » company of Mississippi troops, one hundred and four horses, and the passengers whose names will be found below. The Mississippi company went aboard from the barracks, prior to which they had an informal interview with Gen. Taylor. The men pressed around the old roldier eager to grasp his hand. He spoke to them, bidding them God speed, and telling them they had only to follow the example set by the first regiment rifles from their State, The incident was extremely in- teresting to the fow present, and very grateful to the departing troops. Passengers by the Portland:—Col. Bankhead and nephew; Capt. J. H. Walker, Voltigeurs; Rev. Mr. Harrison, Chaplain United States Navy; Pass- ed Midshipman Buckner; Charles Mortimer and son; Lieut. Hunt, Georgia Battalion; Purser Semple, United States Navy; J. J. Clendinia, Assistant Q Master; sutier 14th Infantry; Dr. A. Mercer, Mra. George Rohr, Mejor Ringold and clerk, Mr. Col.’ Randall and elerk, Lieut. J. A. Lieut, Simmons, Mrr leans Picayune, 2d i The lenin Seen ae “ ed of the New York regiment, f ublication:—At Churubusco, on the 20th 4 ugust, Col. Ward B. Burnett, severely inthe left leg, below the Knee; Lisut. Thomas W. Sweeney, severely in the right arm, since amputated; Lt. C. 5. Cooper, severely in the right shoulder; Lt. C. H. Innis, slightly; Capt. Jacob Geiffin, slightly in the arm; Capt Garret Dyckman, se- verely in the left shoulder; Lt. James 8. MoUabe, alight- ly inthe knee; Lt. James D Patten. severely in the right foot; Lt.’Edgar Chandler, killed on the feld. At Chapultepec, Lt. Col. Charles Baxter, severely ia the groin, since dead; Capt. Charles HL. Pearson, severely in the groin, since dead; Lt. Mayne Reid, severely in ‘the left leg, above the knee; Capts. James Barclay, slightly in the arm; D. E£. Hungerford, slightly in the arm; Abram Van O’Linds, killed in storming the castle; James W. Green, slightly in the side. At the Garita de Belin, Capt. Morton Fairchild, slightly inthe arm; Lt ©. H Innis, a seve! mtusion in the side,—Americen Star, (Mezico,) Oct. 26th, {The list 16 not complete.—Henan.) ‘The srrival of Major N. R. Eaves and Lieut. Stanl by the cars yesterday evening, wae greeted by our citl- zens with evidences of the most enthusiastic welcome, They were received at the rallroad depot by the Gover- nor’s Guards, the Independent Fire Engine Company, and » large number of their friends, and escorted thence through the streets of the town, preceded and followed by « procession of torchlights Major Eaves Is in fine health and spirits, looking (to use his own language) “ae lar of friendabip, will soon restore him to health, him to enjoy, without stint, the full measure of hap: ness his conduct and services so eminently deserve. — Columbia (8, C.) Telegraph 71h inst. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE, U. 8, steamer Iris came to anchor off Pensacola navy yard on Saturday, the 27th ult, at noon. She was four and abalf daysfrom Key West. She would shortly sail for Vera Cruz and take down the following officers, as passongers, to the Gulf squadron: Com’ra James P. Wil- top, Henry Eagle and Henry Pinkney, and Lieut, Wm H. Nolan There were about thirty-three patients only in th hospital at Pensacola on the 27th, Misecliancous. ‘The tel graphic wires were being strang on the posts through the city of Mil kie, on the Chicago road, on the 24th November, The contractors calculate to meet the other section of the wire at Littie Fort in about two = of Wissonsin were not \s- Th in some parts sued fore fortnigh aleiy, as there was no paper to be obtained in Milwauk' ‘There are now about 20,000 people of color belonging to the colony in Upper Canada.