The New York Herald Newspaper, December 11, 1847, Page 1

a Whole Fo, 4935 NEW YORK, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 11, 184 H_P. GRATTAN— tei on HP. Grattan; Polonivs, Mz. Saturcay Eveniny of HAMLET—Hamle Pol Bass; Laertes, Mr. Dyoi r. Vougherty; 'Ger- tude: Mea. Abbott: Ouhelt Joues. ‘To conclude with THE POOR SOLDIER: the Soor Soldier, Mr. ». Penrson; Capt. Fitzroy, Mr Dougherty; Kathleen Mrs Knight; oxet, $1: Pit, 50 cent; Gallery, 25 cents. PARK THEATRE—MR. BaRKY'S BENEFIT—Mr. Barry, Stage Manyg pectfally aun’ hi frieuds aud the pabhie, th ti duvuext, Dec 13th, on which occasion has politely tendered ,her se1 and w her pspular ¢haracters, supported by the strengt dramatique. with other eutertainmeuts. M * BLAKE, Treasurer, respec: full: his friends and the public, that his e' on Wednesday next, Dec. 15, on which ocersion variou tic novelties will be produced. Further particulars bi lc now open, dil St rre OWERY THEATKE.—A.W Jacnnon, Manager; dtap B Manager. Ma. Stxvens.—Saturi ing, Dee 1! will of vening, ‘ be performed wpe wrand ballet of GISELLE, or the Willies ‘urn bull ‘Al th— tgwhieh, SEN DT HIN i ‘ orp alt Itrre begs leave to inform jenent will take place diama- small ° "1 . LEEN's TRING JACK— john Ran Mr. J.H Kit Clayton, Mr. Burge; Major Hanser, M: ‘slong: Bean Sraamell Mr Sieveur: Mins Constance Mauby, Q ney Mine : \iline; To conclude wi ies veo HE BRIDEGROOM Mr. Nigedom t 3 Aldwinkie, Mi 3 Di » Mr. since, Mrs. Sutherland; Lavinia, Mrs. Phillips. Door open ax 6% o'clock and ream will riseat7. Boxes, 25 cents; Puand Onilery. 1286 Ceuts. VILA THA: ALE WU: CHATTOH GEES Simnoper tary Benefit to Elder G.J. AD: ing, Dee. 11, will be presented DAMO Dainoa, G. J: Addams; Damon's Son, Mester A th r. Sutherland; Calnnthe, Miss Hildreth. After which the HOLLAND FAMILY. ‘To be followed by the MODEL ARTISTES. ‘To goncinde, with the new grand pantomime of HARLEQUIN TOM—Characters by the Hol and Fam ke. Doors open at half: formance to ene velvek Rene 25 cente—P Secona TCHELL’S OLYMPIC THEATRE—On y Kve ring, Dee 11, the performances will eommecce with NEW PLANET The New Planet, Mrss Mary ‘Taylor: ends, M Mra Isherwood; Mars, Aroold. Phillips; Pallas, A Alter ‘wh SA POS!—Tristam Sappy, Mr. ‘Tholland; Sally Mages. Mrs. ‘Tiram; 8 Misa Roberts eas aay ee etiuble farce of ME WIFK'S OUT Mr. Scumb'e, Mr. Holland: Betty, Miss Phil To con- clude wih THE BOARDING 8CHOOL—Capta = coat, Mr. Chanfreu; Mej ir Marsden, Mr. Henry; Jai iB Caroline Bly T Doors open at half past 6, and th Dress Circle, 50e; Upper Boxes de: PERA—ia jence of the rehear tion indispensable to the effective pro Lammermoor, there will be no perform- Dee 11. On Monday. the A accianti, will make i vening, Satardi Donna, Signo: SPOR PLAC 13, willbe preseated Bellini’s Opera of LA 80) LA—Arnina, (ner aD} coiants; Lisa, Signo 10, Signor Vietti; Co Alessio, Sheagr Morra: Notary, parqueite and balcony, $1; amphith ' To’eloek. To commence at half E OPERA--Monday . December onday |} Veuiag, December joxes, ae cents. Doors open ARNUMS AMERICAN MUSEUM—P. 1 Bannon, | Proprietor: ocx, M SPIENDID FER: FORMANCES THIS AFTERNOON at 3 o'clock, and This i at halt past 7 o'clock. Kin for a few days, CAMPBELL'S ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS Np Or: ERA COMPANY, who will appearina GRAND ETHIO- PLAN BURLESQUE OPERA, and also in their Popular yy ey, a cach perioemaaesy fie inp noone iG ‘CH 3 Misses y, luvenile Dancers; WESTERN, Miss BERNARD, Miss JULIEN, MODEL OF SHAKSM@ARE’S HOUS) and other bulldiigs connect: ed. with his history; LIVING ORANG O TANG, ke.— Admittance to the whole, 25 ; children under ten years of aye and qld enough to walk alone, 1234 cents. Reserved froat sents, one shilling each extra. re KCHANIC® HALL, 472 Brosaway, netwees (rand jroome streets. Crowded to overflowing SHION of New York. OPEN EVERY ED BUCCKSe Ninth Week of the MINSTRELS. The Oldest Es- the United States 6. F. CHRISTY. E. STY. C. ABBOTT, J. RAYNO original and inimitable coacerts are with crowded and highly respectable audi- jy admitted to excel every amusement of & i offered in thi Children under 1@ yenrs, half pri cert willeommeance at § o’elock. RGADWAY CASINO—JEANNIE REYNOLDSON, the unequalled Seotch Ballad Singer, takes her Benefi: nt ‘uesday Kvening, Dec. 14th, on which oduce some new and very beawiful Sootch sougs, Besides the talented company now enguged at the Casino, Miss Agnes Marr, Mr. Kavanah and Mr. Neal, havg kiudly volunteered their services for that evening. ure Postponement on account of ‘weather, dil 3t*re ALMO’S OPERA HOUSE—MADAME AUGUSTA Fespectfully announces to the citizens of the city of New generally, and also her has b-come the jets. of the abor she intends to bring forward guage, as with new and sp ate: On Monday evening, re ROCIETY LiBR LECTURE ROOM, Broadw Ss = LYNNE ihasieal Ufustrasions of Ghakapeare D'ilar. “fo commence at 8 o'elock. yao Tere AL viv’3 OPERA HO! apply at the Box Offic ALNUTST. THEATRE—Phil-delphia Lessee, Mp. E, Acafarahall, Manager, Mr. J. Wallack Night of Mit COLLING—Saturiay’ventoe, Deco will be performed ‘THE WRONG PARSENGE, McCarey, Mr Collin, After which the IRISH POST: Tecence O'Grady, Mr Collins. ‘To conclude with. the HAP. PikST DAY OF MY LIVE. Monday, Mu. COLLINS will apoeor as Rory Q’More. TRIGNON’S OY! OFS tons th lated eatablishment, Kim, is open from sanri gymnasts and pupils. His Gymna ed with ali the apparatus fare of Gymnasium. SPARRING 8) inveruct, ae i mes. those Profensor from Par tick, Th: very best i o appurtenances for Pistol Practice. the re- Guest of anuraberof gentlemen in Brooklyn, is now havin bailt in one of the most airy, thy and central Josation sive Gym I be iE TO wa For particulars, Om 10.A- Meta PM e9 re eat cacdies ted Vicia, Terms strings, for sale chear. all tere tem, to teach tar, Singing a Fi moderate. Instrumente, MUSICAL TRUCTION.—E. London solveits the attention of lad: his pleasingtimethod of teach whereby his popils ensure short time. Pupils who woul aud persevering master, will ld Office. ‘Terms qi G. Loder, Esq. piano FOKTE—For wood Piano Forte, m’ = CASTLE. from gentlemen to eran poem ing aged violin, fave the tuition of ase address C.K. Castle, Box mn at J Hocketts roract of Broome street. Also, two Cond hand Piano Fortes, for sale cheap for © Hier a Bat ies mut BENEVOLENT | ASS0CL younce that their First Ball for Castle Garden, oa THURSDAY evening, ceeds to be applied, as formerly, t» charitable ing the inclement season, without ‘accordit se 49 3t%m the THISTLE MSETON, tenpecttully. an- this season, will take place at Dee. 16th—the ry Hh wt ee try... The order of dancing of the Floor—Mr. Geo, Robertsor the Orehestra—Mr. Wil je Kerracher Ana has b ra tonad from the Battery, until 11 o’clo al (ey will set down their com) t the Gr. Greeawich street gate, and go out by the everse: ler. e pec: Music Store, No. 361 i¢ Store, No. 239 Bro: MeLean, 54 Walker street; the bar of Ca: f .. Checks not _igrnafer RON, Recietary. §N, B.— Members can have theirtiekets on application to the Secretary, or at the ‘den on the evening of the Ball. dit 6ree ROPRIETORS® INVI ‘ATION BALL —The subseri- pleasure » will e r the n of artists of refined taste. A new plan will be Tie Boll for supolving the choicest refieshments ity ,which will preclade the possibility, of wweonven euce, and which, it isconfidemly ex . will afford satis- faction, JAMES BERGEN & LOUIS GALABRUN. were ‘PRE FIRST BALL OF THE UNITED PRA STONE CUTTERS ASSOCIATION, of ¢ p ‘ark, Brooklyn, and Jersey City, will be held Garden, on Monday Evento . 13, 1847. this ball will be given towar ‘erection of ihe Washiegion Monument. ‘Ihe committee of arrangements flatter them- selves that the object of this ball will meet 4 hearty co-opern- tion froma generous and patriotic pablic. The floor will be under the direction of an efficieut committee, who, in conjunc- tion with the committee of arrangements, will leave nothing Ne 4 undone to satisfy the most fastidious. Committee of Arrange- ter, John Hussey, Thos. Hussev, Wim. E. itk Lynch, Richard Neile be had of ‘ashi lies and Masters, Lang Cd 4 aredays | ANUING ALU DINB, of the ly announces t continues her class ferns o'clock, P.M.; for Gentlemen, if 7 od oloek; FAte ALT( Leouard streets for Leading aga Cie tlemen, Mondays and Wednesd: from’ to,9 o'clock, P.M. every dav. Next month Soirees Dansantes. to her ttended. 30 14tem fA begin s = e8, 1 bdice, Rrery tone te tally exp fegen the o'd style, Gore iezeas nificeut pollens. vk ¥18 Raraos jentine Q A® USK, about to powe of a well asaor able custom. Apply at 63 Wi THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE HON. WILLIAM L. MARCY, THE SECRETARY OF WAR. War Derantment, } Washington, December 2, 1847. —I have the honor to submit the Ripuing mnaes operations of this department during the past e returns and statements from the Adjutant Gene- ral, herewith submitted, exhibit, as nearly as cau be as- certained at bis office, the number, description and dis- tribution of ined composing our military force at this time. Most of the volunteers in service at the date of my last annual report were for twelve months, ‘and bave since discharged. Owing to the dispersed situation of the troops, and the want of recent returns, accurate statements of their numbers in the aggregate and at some particular points cannot be presented ; but from the best means in the department of arriving at correct results, the whole segregate land force, employ- ed in prosecuting the war, is estimated at forty-three thousand five hundred and thirty-six, of which twenty- one thousand five hundred and nine are regular troops, and the remainder volunteers. The distribution of this force is as follows:—With Ma- jor Gen. Scott, and belonging to his column, including the troops cn roufe, at Tampico, at and about Vers Crus, and on the line thence to his headquarters, the aggregate force is estimated st thirty-two thousand one hundred and fifty-six. With Major Gen Taylor, at the several posts under his immediate command, it is about six thousand seven hundred and twenty-seven. In Santa Fe,and on the Oregon and Santa Fe routes, and in the Indian country, there are about three thou- sand six hundred and thirty-four. The force in the Californias is about one thousand and nineteen, including two hundred now on the way to that country. ‘There are no means in the department of calculating the deductions which ought to be made for sickness, dis- ability, and other casualties ; but the effective force is ® period of only 5 wert their Seehirae some late in May. but mostly in June, and afew in July and August. They were sent from the operative columns of the army some time before the end of their en, ment. Only a small ion of the velunteers called out in November for the war, joined the army before the twelve months men had left it. The act of Congress authorizing the ten regiments, was not passed until the llth of February, and several months necessarily elapsed before they could be raised and sent to the . An anxious ire was felt that both columns of the army should be speedily reintorced, and considerable impatience was expressed at the delay by those who did not fully appreciate the difficulties from which it necessarily resulted. The best energies of the department, in all its branches, were devoted to this object; and it is believed, all things considered, that the new regiments, as well as the volunteers called out, were raised, organized, and sent to the army as expedi- tiously as could have been reasonably expected. The climate of Mexico presents no obstacles in the interior of the country to a campaign in apy season of the year. That of the present year is considered as having opened with the military operations subsequent to the capture of Monterey. ‘The temporary suspenrion of hostilities within certain limits, which was agreed on at the convention of Mon- terey, in September 1846, terminated on the 13th of November following, by a notice to that effect, which Moj. Gen. Taylor was instructed to give to the enemy. Among the reasons for abridging the period of the armis- tice, was the ot ropes tits continuance might interfere with military opera: which had pre- viously directed to be carried on in Tamaulipas and along the Gulf coast. Immediately after the armistice terminated, the com- manding general proceeded to occupy Saltillo, the capi- tal of Coahuila, by a t of his forces. Previcus to the capture of Monterey, tions had been forwarded to a bya not then reo: i peas toa movenet into ‘amaulipas, more pers larly a view to taking and holding Tampico, the principal seaport in that State. Orders from the Navy Department were given to the rquadron in the Gulf to ¢o-o} te with the land forces in this latter enterprise ; or, if found practicable, to take that place without walting for their assistance. 10 the month of December the column intended for this movement, commenced its march from Matemoras, and reached its destination, pains Veins in ite way, on the 23d day of January ; bu ite arrival, @ naval er: force under Com. Perry had of Tam- pico. Shortly thereafier the city aud its defences were if over,to the landforces, and the place has been since occupled ie garrison of our troops. oe a at Saltillo, as it would cover the direct route to San Luis de Potosi, where the main army of the enemy was and control a productive Be gee whence supplies could be drawn, was deemed of much importance by the comman. ry . A considerable force was, by his orders, stationed at this point, The column under Bri ier Gen, Wool, which moved from San Antonio de Bexar for the purpose of capturing and hold- ing Chibuahua, had proceeded as far as Monclova. The vanced tions then occupied by Gen. Taylor's column, had rendered the military possession of Chihua- hua jess important, and the troops designed for this pur- pose were ordered to move upon and occoupy Parras, and, in that position, came under the more immediate command of Gen, Taylor, who proceeded to establish and hold a defensive line, extending from Parras to Tampico. Leaving t Monterey, and at points on the route to Camargo, amd the mouth of the Rio Grande, a a reserve, and to hold in check any hostile movements in his rear, he advanced to Victoria, the capital of Tamaulipas, and entered that elty without resistance, early in January, with « force of over five thousend men. Such was the position of our military affairs in Mexico when Major Gen. Scott, under instruc- tions from this Soy oyimed dated the 23d of November, 1846, reached the Rio Grande. It was quite evident, that if the conquest of the Cali. fornias and New Mexico, and our military ocoupation of the important d ments of Tamaulipas, New Leon, and Coabuila, wo not dispose the enemy to accept reasonable terms of accommodation, it ‘would be neces- sary to direct our future operations it more vital parts of the Mexican republic. In view of the capture and possession of the city of Mexico, it was not sup ry that & movement for it purpose could be so advan- ey made from the Rio Grande, hitherto the base of our operations, as from another base which might be selected, presenting a much shorter line. The attention of the Government was, therefore, directed, as early as September 1946, to measures for the occupation of the gery places slong the Gulf, and particularly Vera rus, ax the nearest point which opened a practical route to the capital of the Mexican Republic. While the line of ‘he Si ire was to be held,and the further advance of our troops in that quarter left to the control of circumstances, Principal movements were to be pushed forward into the enemy’s country on the new line from Vera Cru: soon as itcould be established. Messures were taken to organise en expedition for that purpose, and Mejor General Scott was ed to conduct it, and, upon him, as the senior officer of highest rank, the general super- | . Mh ed \e' fod ot | operations in the e country were devolved. in preparing for this expedition, which had for ite immediate arent the oa] ture of the city of Vera Cruz and the reduction of the of San Juan d’Ulloa—a fortress deemed almost im- Pi ble —it became ne to draw largely from the forces on the previous line of operations, and to reduce that line, for a time, to a defensive condition. The num- ber and description of troops thus to be withdrawn, were necessarily left to the determination of the in chief commund, and particularly charged with the conduct of the expedition against Vera Crus The Do gmirgrad for this expedition, necessarily cor- responding with the msguitude of the object, were on so large a sale, and required so much time for completing them, that it was not reasonable to expect our design could be ed from the enemy, or that the resistance to its accomplishment would be anything less than the ut- most which it was in his power to make. The troops destined for this service assembled at the Island of Lobos, amounting to abo relve send, and finall; barked for their destination early in the month of March. While these measures were in progress, the forces un- der Mejor General Taylor being greatly reduoed in nui ber, and composed mostly of volunteers, assut sive positions, embraciag Saltillo, Monter: tuence to Camargo, and along the Rio Grande to its en- t int ee Gulf. 1y being reported in considerable strength in hborhood of Saltillo, General Taylor, with a view then that position, threw forward his advanced 08 teen miles, to Agua Nueva, where he establish- ed his head-quarters in the early part of February. Being assured on the 20th of that mon‘h that the Mex- joan army, in great foree, had left San Luis de Potosi, and had arrived at Encarnacion, only thirty miles in his tront, and were pushing on to attack him, be deemed it advisable, in order to occupy « better position, to fall back to Buena Vista, seven miles south of Saltillo. On the 22d of February the enemy approached his camp, and demanded an uncondition: rr which was promptly declined. A conflict {i continued for nearly two da: was sanguinary, almost beyond example Owin; superiority of numbers on the nat oidents of this protracted conflict oocasionally # disastrous result; but the bravery, firmness i of our troops supplied the want of numbers, and ulti- mately secured « glorious triumph. ah enemy were repulsed with immense loss. At the dawn of the suc. eoeding day, nothing was to be seen on the field of ac- tion of the immense hosts which assailed our email force, in the confidence of easy victory, but the dead and the wounded left by the enemy in his precipitate retreat daring the night! For @ fall narnative of the events of this memorable & engagement, | respectfully refer youto the despatches of the Comman General and the reports of the offi- cers in subordinate command. To Maj Gen, Taylor, and to the it of and brave men under his command, is justly due tbhW eminent glory of this victory. Considering the disparity of num- bers in favor of the bwae thea steady valor ond firmners with which our les che! often in small detachments, with- stood and repelled the repeated aseaults of superior for- and the many deeds of noble daring displayed amid the changing scenes of this perilous conflict, the battle na Viste will well in ® comparison with any brilliant achievements in this war, which have given such widespread renown to our arms. Oar forors engaged in this battle did thousand four hundred mep lunteers,while that of the ty thousand—his best troops, exceed five nd these were mainly vo- 1y was not less than twen- under the immediate com- mand of Gen. Santa Auna. A vistory so glorious and so important in its consequences, was notachieved with- out # se-rious loss. Among those who ended their ca- reer of honor and glory on the battle-field of Buena Vis- ta, the nation mourns the loss of some ofher bravestand noblest sons The wounded, and missing, were about sevenhundred. The loss of the enemy, from the best estimate that could be , was more than double that aumber on the besides the thousands who pet- ished in his hurried itrous retreat. In the confidence of victory, and for the purpose of se- curing the full fruits of it, a considerable body of the en- emy’s cavalry was sent into the rear of our advanced po- sitions, and for # short time interrupted our lines of communication ed our traivs,and Killed a number ber of escorts and teamsters; but the line was soon re- opened, and the usual facili of communication res- tored. The expedition from the island of Lobos, under the command of Mejor General Scott, appeared off Vet Cruz, and effected # landiog in admirable order near that city on the 9th of March. For the success of this most difficult and hazardous operation, the army is much indebted to the valual assistance rendered by our squadron, and its services are acknowledged in just terms of commendation by the Commanding General. ‘The city was at once invested, and_arrangem hibiting great skill, science, and judgment, w for an attack. Though continually wader the fire of vy batteries from the castle and city, these arrange- ments were completed on the 224, when the enemy was summoned to surrender. On receiving a refusal, a bom- bacdment commenced, in which our naval forces honor- ably and efliciently participated, and was continued with destructive effect until the morning of the 26th, when overtures were received which resulted in the surrender to our arms, onthe 29th of March, of both the city of Vera Cruzand the castle of San Juan de Ulloa, with their armaments, munitions, and garrisons, consisting of five thousand prisone nd as inany stands of arms, four hundred pieces of ordnance, and a large quantity of ordnance stores, Distinguished credit is alike due to the officers and men of the army and navy jor this signal triumph. In the series of successful events which have attended the progrers of the war, the capture of Vera Cruz, accom- panied as it was by the reduction of the castle of San Juan de Ullos, may well be regarded as one of the great- est importance. Aside from its morel effect upon the enemy, its advantages in other respects were of the greatest magnitude. A fortress long renowned for its strength, with the large quantity of munitions of war there accumulated, passed into our posseesion, and with it was acquired the more effectual means of controlling the commercial intercourse with the enemy. and of ex- cluding foreign aid and sup lies along the Gulf of Mexi- 0, nd 8 new and preferable bas» fur military operations against the interior and the capital of the enemy’s coun- Ury wus at the same time established After some delay occasioned unavoidable difficul- ties in procuring sufficient m for traosportion, our army commenced its movement on the 8th of April, inthe direction of the city of Mexico. Perhaps no country in- terposes somany and such formid ‘obstacles to the progress of an invading army as Mexico; and nowhere io that hgserd did they present themselves in a more palliog aspeot than on the route which lay br aivanoivg column. The diffloult parses near the Plan del Rio, about fifty miles from Vera Cruz, were oocuped by @ numerous Mexican force, and the commanding heights of Cerro Gordo were strongly fortified. ‘Io dislodge the enemy from these poriti¢ns and tostorm his fortificati held b; rior 1oroe, required the best efforts € military oe, and daring adventure; and these high attributes were not wanting in this time of greatest need The commaading general merits high commendation for the masterly arrangements of the attack on Cerro Gordo; and not less credit 1s due to the officers and men by whom they were carried into complete effect. Without a kuow- 1sdge of the details of the operations, no well presented in the annexed reports of the Genersl-in-chief,and those in command under him, the glory reflected on our arms by the battle of Cerro Gordo, cannot be appreciated, nor the numerous instances of conspicuous merit among the officers and men be fully presented to the admirationand gratitude of the nation. ‘To all in all grades, the highest praise is but an inadequate reward for their noble con- duct. The field of these brilliant operations was several miles in extent, and at different points all the var: of talents and qualities which shed lustre upon accounpliah- ed officers and disciplined soldiers, was called into requi sition, The enenty was completely routed and pursued many milesfrom the principal scene of action. Our en- tire force in this series of briliiant engegements, did not xcved eight thousand five hundred men; that of the en- emy amounted to twelve thousand, and his loss was from ten to twelve hundred in killed and wounded, besides three thousand prisoners, including many general officers, together with a large amount of orduance, arms and mu- nicions of war. Qur entire numberof killed, wounded, and-missing, was four hundred and thirty-one; and the mation has again to deplore the loss here, as in other fields, of some of the brightest and bravest of our heroic army. ‘The important vietory of Cerro Gordo cleared the way to the advance of our army into the heart of the enemy's qountry. Jalapa was at once cccupied by ous troops, and, in quick succession, Perote, with its strong castle spa 4 ¢ armament, and the populous end wealthy city o , In the space of about thirty after leaving Vera Cruz, our victorious army bad advanced through several of themost densely peopled and loyal departments of Mexioc, in the direction of its capital, nearly two bun- dred miles. Before leaving Jalapa, about three thousand seven hundred volunteers, whose period of service approached towards its termination, were discharged by the com- manding general. The army,thus reduced in strength, remained at Puebla until earlyin August. Having been reinforced with about five thousand men, it then com- menced its movement upon the city of Mexico. The undertaking to be schieved, compared with the means employed, was one of unexampled difficulty and dering, and, to josure success, required a wonderful combins- tion of milit selence, consummate skill, and disci plined valor; it was no less than the subjugation of th weil chosen place of refuge to which the defeated geni rals and routed armies of the enemy had retii sefety—the ancient seat of the Aztec empiri fter- wards the splendid metropolis of the Spanish viceroyalty, and now the proud capital of a republic of eight millions of people ; not unpractised in war, nor unfurnished with the advantages of modern improvement in military pole! ted position, and peeride' ault, yy numerous skilfully constructed fortifications, and by aa army of more than thirty thousand defenders, ro- solved on « desperate resistance. Unappalled by these formidable difculties and dan- gers, our gallant me of but little more than ten thou- sand effective mon, with unfalteriog con‘idence, entered on this most perilous enterprise, and encountered tne hoete of the enemy on the | and 20th of August at Contreras and Churubusco, No more enduring record of the heroic deeds of these two ever memorable days oan be presented to the gratitude of our country and the admiration of the world, than is tourfd in the reports of the general-in-chief of our forces, and those in imme- ¢ diate command under him. A summary—and m thanas would not find a fit place in this com. munication—would utterly fail to exhibit in their true light these brilliant operations merit of those who directed and executed them ; but, fortunately for the memory of those who fell, and for the ¢ of those who survive, this is most ably done in the despatches which accompany this report. ‘Wherever the enemy was met, however superior in numbers, he was routed, his strong positions carried, his fortifications stormed A succession of severe con- flicts petra Rae ag in @ succession of signal victo- ries ; and at the close of these two eventful days, 10 glorious to our arms, the triumpbal progress of our troops had brought them to the very gates of the city. An armistice was then concluded, for the purpose of Pespeceer peace. An unbroken current of victory had attended the progress of our arms from the com- ement of the war; defeat had met the enemy in every conflict ; army after army had been veaqaisted byt thousands of his best troops had fallen in battle ; a still largor number had surrendered prisoners of war; and the last refuge of hope—his magnificent capital— was within reach of our guns, and apparently at our mercy. In this prostrate condition, and forseeing, as he could scarcely fail to do, the fate which hung over him, it was reasonable to expect that he would seck peace, and read.ly accede to the favorable terms which were offered ; but the season of his fafatuation had not passed away. It was soon discovered that the armistice was treache- rously improved by the enemy te organize further resist- ance, and to coilect his energies aud strength in the yain hope of saving his cay | from its threatened doom. The dolusive design of the armistice was detested ; hostill- ties were recomm on the 7th of September, and sey coment | bat Mf El Molino del Rey was fought on the succeeding day, in,which three thousand one hundred of our invincible troops encountered fourteen thous of the enemy, having every advantaze of po- d protected by strong defensive works. The tle continued two hoursanda haif with destructive verity, and terminated in a glorious victory; but a vic- tory not cheaply won, All the enemy’s fortifostions were carried, and his numerous forces defeated and dri- yen to the ramparts of the oity for safety. His loss, in killed, wounded and | igen about equalled our en- tire force engagedin the action. Our loss, also severe, was seven hundred and eighty-nine in killed end woun- ded. On thelist of there will be found some of “the brightest ornaments of the service.” Foran interesting narrative of the heroic deeds of the battle of El Molino del Rey, and the gallant conductoft the officers and men by whom it was won, | respectfully refer to the reports of the general in chief command, and of the distinguish- ed general who more immediately participated in the action, Those who fell, and those who eurvived the glo- ry of this day, are een com ded by ter “to th jpectful memory of their countryme: eto valor and conduct”’ #0 emi a for iP pec, and of the triumphal entry of our army into the i city of N ico. Ta the plan for the capture of the city, the reduction of Chapel eo was embraced an indispensable to its success. This was a daring and dangerous enterpriso.— It was @ place of extraordinary natural strength ; and ite it importance as a defence to the city was well understood the enemy who had exhausted his skill and lavished his means to make it impregnable oon batteries, stationed at differ sp Aapontine age points, opened upon the fortress early in the morning o! the 12th of September, and kept up a well-directed and destructive fire through that dey, and inthe merning of the next, until the forces were ready to move on to the attack. Preparations, evincing great military skill and jad ‘were made for the assault on the mornin of the 13th. Not only the strong citadel which crow: the hill was to be carried ; but numerous outworks, ob- structing e “4 approach to it were to be taken, and large bodies of the enemy, who manned and protected there works, were to be encountered and dispersed be- foro that fortress could be reached All intervening ob- atecles were swept away, and the castle carried by storm. ‘To convey something like an adequate impres- sion of this daring and heroic achievement, | avail myself of aquotation from the despatch of the general in chief command, descriptive of the closing scene :— “Phe broken acclivity was still to be ascended, and a strong redoubt, midway, to be carried, before reachin; the castle on the heights, The advance of our brat men, led by brave officers, though necessarily el was unwavering, over rocks, chasma, and mines, under the hottest fire of cannon and musketry. redoubt now yielded to resistle valor, and the shouts that followed, ennounced to castle the fate that impended. The enemy were steadily driven from shelter to shelter. The retreat allowed not time to fire a single mine, without the certaiaty of blowing up friend and foe. Those who ata distance attempted to apply matches to the long trains, were shot down by our men. There was death below as well as above ground. At engi the ditch and wall of the mai rk were reached; the ronling ladders were brought up and plant- ed by the storming pa; some of the daring spirits, first in the assault, we: it down—killed or wounded A lodgment was toon made; streams of heroes followed; all opposition ‘was overcome, and several of our regimen: tal colors flung out from the upper walls amidst long con- ames outs and cheers, which sent dismay into the oapital. ‘hough the capture of Chapultepee was a most diffi. cult and perilous enterprise, as, however, but one in the series of brilliant achievements which were to be performed befor: city of Mexico fell into our posses. A desperate struggle was continued throughout the whole da: ‘The numerous batteries, which opened a deatroctive fire upon our troops, one after another, were captured; the formidable obstacler, 0 well contrived to arrest our advance, were surmounted; and the opposing hosts of the enemy were driven from their well-chosen positions. When night came and suspended the dread- ful conflict, two of our columns had entered the city. Preparations were at once made for its entire subjuga- tion on the approaching morning Oar astonishing successes on the two preceding days had filled the army aud the government of Mexico with affairs should no longer require his presence in that cor — Parsurnt to instruciiocs from this department, the command aj ces in California. and the oharge’of the temporary rument tnere established, were devolved on Colonel first of last June, when Gea. Kearny left also contemplates ta circumstances may warrant, “ns MOre oF less Notwithstanding our victories have fallen with crushing ornia, previous to the arrival juctec b officers of the ua- | Weight upon the assembled armies of Mexico, most of those ‘Fremont, by forcendrawa iu part | jhe hold im their haus the decieion of the quent e squadron and in part organized in the country. have stood beyond the ran: e ot the physical evils the trausactions which have beeo detailed took place before | the war. By extesding the theatre of it, land forces seat from the United States,except the | mode of cand: oting it {hey can be made to ral and bi ci Ned the tabetenee of the wealthy. ential classes inf Mexico. Asthe Mexican army has been to them the instrument of Sepesenes. ja the hands of its nt ny Py nied General Kearny, (uot ¢x- ve hund.ed) had arrived in California. The compan: 'y which emba: au New York in July, 1846, di h that couotry uotel February, 164° the regiment York, which saite Sepember, enret Colonel jauua'y, hitherto escay mars mw a pent hea * who probably can, ifthey wil’, put. a making them suffer the usual calamities of war, they must be made to desire peace. Tn saaivon to the troope requized pe spetingn, places to be zo lion also proceeded by way by deviating from the route taken by ra oue more practicable, over which, though no wheel er before passed, they were the way to act recruits have been sent out, within a 1p the companies in the regiment of from Colonel Mason, se in Califor ‘ol some productive agrieultaral regions. It ism d in more detail the movements d in July, and who were not ¢ t pected to re-eng: When the recruits shall have arrived, the entire force in that counsry will be about one thousand. ‘These occupy seven posts, at a Jong distance frot ch other. A detachmeat has been sent to garrison La Paz, the capital of Lower California. nny circumstances, this force cau hardly be regarded as suffici e for which troops is now twenty one thousan Are reqnired in that couatey.. Thi ‘aniet there, will therefore require seven thousand three id and No serios appreheasion in entertaiaed of disturbauce, yet vous enlisted men to comple.e the regular mi! 0 for the regular access. The Te: amouat to elev sata Soon after the. epaitare of the ion, under Colonel Doniphan, for Chihuahua, an insurrection broke out in the northern part of New Mexico, which appeared to. have for its ments of vol despair; they precipitately fled during the night of the 13th. On the l4th our troops took possession of the magnificent capital of the Mexican republié, and planted the standard of the United States on her national paluc The preceding sketch of the operations of our arm under the command of Mejor General S.ott, from its d barcation at Vera Cruz until its triumphal entry into the city of Mexico, is, | am well aware, exceedingly im- perfect; itis confined to the announcement of general reaults; details and subordinate events developing heroic acts and individual merit are necessarily excluded; but these are presented with fulness in the admirable reports herewith transmitted, of the highly distinguished officers who participated, in an eminent degree, in the memora- ble soenes they #0 well desoribe. After the main body of our army had moyed on the eity of Mexico, the Il garrison at Puebla, under the of Colonel C! ined ® close and con- lege for twenty. ), by @ vastly superior force. The number of ilants brought ocxinst this small garrison was at the time eight thousand, under the immediate command of General Santa Anna. The siege was signal through its whole course, by suc- ceasive attacks at various points, succes: fully repelled, ‘The report of the commander of the garrison herewith presented to your consideration, is another testimonial of the gallantry and the patient enduranee of our offloers and men, under the severest trials, which cannot fail to exalt the character of our army at home, and diffuse its renown wherever heroic deeds are justly appreciated. Afcer the Mexican gee was so signally defeated and driven from the city of Mexico, General Santa Anna determined to try his fortune in another field. With a force of four thousand men and six. pieces of artillery, pe peepered for an atta sk on the trein and troops whio! Brigadier General Lane was conducting to the head- quarters of the army. Apprized of this design, and leurniog that the enemy was at Huamantla, Gen Lane proceeded on the 9th of October, with a considerable di tachment, to attack him and disperse hia troops The encounter between this detachment and th brilliant; the conduct of our officers and the high character which they have everyw since the commencement of the war. ‘The enterprise was carried out with complete success; the force under General Santa Anna was dispersed, two of his eannon were captnted, two of his sides-de-camp made prisoners, and the city of Huamantla taken, Bei that a considerable force of the enemy was at At 0 1 Rew’s command, <deneral Lane re- tolved to stri ‘execution of his design requir- performed in a highly cre- countered, witha loss of | e at the: routed, and pi ‘two hundred sued toa cous nineteen killed, and three Atlixeo captured, For thi operations, and the instances of in euished conduct on the part of oar officers and soldiers, | rex- pectfally refer you to the repocts of General Lane, here with trra-mitted. ‘here have been also many severe conflicts between de- onr commanieat creditable to our it of Mo} r Lolly was eugaged in its arouous march from V Cruz to Jalapa were of character which merits spec tice. The formidable difficulties it met an cessive points ia the row the bravery of the troops particular incidents of th: of the officers attest the ability of theo and ‘composing this detachment. The march, and the creditable conduct seuted in the accompanying re- ted of the operations of the two Cour army do not embrace an account of all the the'enemy'scouutry which have reflected ) As early as August, 1816, G uy iaformed the departinent m a letter from San\ that he should have a disposable force at that place, beyond “what would be required to hold it. aad company him to Cati- fornia; and he proposed hmeut to Chihuahua to Join General Woo! Oa the 23d of Septembe: with the ment of M After valley of the Rio Grande—Colonel Doniphan proceeded on this expedition, attended with ala‘ge company of Americ: merchants. On the 25 ¢ of the command was met by Brazito, when an engagem: the total defeat of the Mex: with a losson their put of wounded, and on ours of engaged in ffir on our side was less than five hundred, and oa that of the enemy one thousand two haudred and twentv, of which over five hundred were cavalry. Cursuing ite march the command ed El Faso without further opposition, Here it was ascertained tht the column under General Wool had been diverted from original destiuation. It therefore, bee detachment to remain at i Paso until n iously ordered Fe. notjgoia the command until early in February, aud then itmoved forward towards Chihuahua. On its arrival at the Pass of the Sacramento, about fifteen miles froma the capital of the State, on the 26th of February, the ene- imy was there discovered’ in great ferce, strongly posted on the commanding heights,fortified by eatrenchmeutsandwell supplied with=rtillery. Arrangements were prompt fi an attack,aud a fire at opened from our batterie t ne and lasted from three o'clock jar! ithe ecemy’sredvubts were with great slaughter from the fierd,ans His a tliery, ¢on ‘was captured and his handred, while ows did n the nunenieat strength of the enemy int over tour thousand—twelve hai infantry, three hundred nchero—under the comm: tinction. hundred. rT troops entered the capital of Chihuah' there some weeus, General Taylor, ye . ‘i ‘This adventurous mareh by Col. Doniphan and his small aud gallant command, of more than one thoasand miles through ah he course of which two. batt! were fonght against vast victories won, with great | almost bloodless on ours i be difficult to find a parallel in rations ‘ ‘After taking possestion of Santa Fe, in the summer of 1816, and making the uecessary arracgements for holding it, and the territory of New Mexico, General Kearny, pursuaat to structions from this department, proceeded to Catifo commenced thixexpedition in Sep tember. proceeding b uousuatand almostnuknowa rou e. Goi Grasd more than two huadred miles, h river Gila, and fullowed its course to Colorado of the West, a distance of fiv march was coutinved forty miles down the Colorado, tht sixty inilesacross the great desert. On the 2d of Decem| fornia. Whi ment was twelve hundred t fourtee my under Major history of miluary oj Commodo:e Stogkton to to the number of sx or nformed that an armed party of Calif tant from e San Pasqual, enght of ten miles the 6th, with a forward w ensued killed and wound oa this occasion, did notexceed ¢ than double that number, and, be able to make good their retreat. ‘The nextday the detachment proceeded on ite again encanotered a hostile party Occupying a hill Bernardo, and drove them from thei remaived with his command at thi he was joined by a party of stil Commodore Stockton, and. th atout by proceeded to ‘San Diego — march of one thousand and ntry never before traversed difficulties, only y and perseverance. and towards its close obstructed by an epemy who opp rsed desperate resistance. which was overcome by severe and » guinary conflicts. Our successes, so creditable to the heroic band who achieved them, not obtained without the | of three brave aud accomplished officers and about eighteen galtont men. On the 29: of December a force of five hundred men. Le hold of the enemy, wil to au Americaus moving on tl int from Mont 9 of Janaary this force reached the San Gabi it fonnd the enemy full six hundred strong, tioned on the hei ‘1 th river, and determi which lasted an how ried. and the eus heights were ear: and driven from the field. The routed ou the plains of Misa.— the detachment moved forward and arrived on the 10th at Cindad de los Arxeles, and took peaceab!e possession of the pl ‘The resnits of these engni enemy, that some of the thereafter, met Lieut. of four handred volun into a capitalation with the field agreed to ers, nent him, whereby the people under disperse and remain qu which had ari on of the country by our in: and from that time to the latest period a extends, all there tranquil, and of further disturbance were enter- qeent to ¢ from the United States in November, Nee Calitovens where he arrived in February. General Kearny had permission to return home when the condition of s, ob.ect the massacre of all American resideuts. withont refer- | thirty-three companies not organized ence to their being im the public service, aud such of the Mex- | ‘lions; abut} the rank and file of allthese do not pr onsas had taken office under the government established by | exceed twenty thousand men, Most of the volunteer military authority, The first act of outiaze was have born bracal of the governor of the territory, other American citizens at. Taos, Simila liberate an id reve! rapata proceeded to collect | or#anization, for anatisck upon Santa Fe Assoon | five hundred m was ivformed of their desigusche | Attempts have been made, under the act d at the last took prompt measures to incerce; t their march, to restore order | session of Cou teers to fill up the com- throughout the territory, and to punish therr leaders. Order- | panies in service, and officers have hed fro: tng in the detachments ‘These at Santa Fe, Col. Price, w including a company of horse the outposts, and leaving a sufficient h three hundred and fifty battery of mountain of been the want of zers, moved on the 23d of January, in the direction of ‘Taos, and on the succeeding day discovered the enemv—about fifteea hundred—near the town of Canada. They were imme no reason for not bolding out to toenter the public service. AS ¢, respectfully recommended that Congress be alike bounty to youunteer reeruits. diately, attacked, driven from their positions, nid dispersed , with a loss of thirty-six killed acd my wounded Pursuing the route up the left bank of the Rio Grande, our force—now increase | to near five hundred men—reached La Joya on the 29th of January. A detachment was sent forward so suggest that those raised in the same State be consoli- to dislodg ty of the enemy—between six and seven han- | éated tempo: ,and the supernumerary officers sent wo dred—who ry obtain reer yr their resrective com |. Shoul ne ‘recommend that the Ra the defile I ecessful, then attacked and ernie ty precipitately dri a ace permanent, = oe capine on irection of the tow: tan the place of the va ‘of our troop aun and took poms es ae ‘ts and battalions which may be occamoned by the consolidatio: The forces now in service, of En! body at Tram- ‘ w in is rea do, and in a few da: thereafter joined the main oe ‘On the 24th of “mall | iri about ‘etghty: sony unde Captain” Headings soceedaa ia a he atreugtn of t for your ¢ov; ta raise ten ‘additional iar Kundred” Mentetos were. discoven ine team ree toiAre, | the war. Is important that suthority shoald be gives for this poe Me ony Bin Sty pike wend We neeiione. ace, ; cen bd, of about thirty; mage his e iy and sent to the seat of wi ason to pass ti trict along the coast of the Guif before the retara epidemic, and to pa te it tis i= works. that Coun of mass Sol. Pri roviding at once shige tiinenis marth Taree i usep mows, arived Portis | the increase of the rex tent ie place of c I rength, surrounded much preferred to a further for volunteers—not, however, $e ds alls sad Srone iapecs, rah belie ‘ Sdetisek Antony lente teckonet: ie pat in te ont tions for an immedjate attack were madev jnateers have been upon the town, and t} ire continued duri mess * troops and the vol guished, and have, on every tryiag occasion, d for e3 but. judging from believed that in this way the army can the regiments more effectively re- some respects better adapted to the of them. the pl y ase cruited and kep services Ii The next morning ¢! Thee y, granted on condition of to req jes of the war may require a jo Ss way require e 1 larger force than proposed y pal leaders, who ha ixated the disturbance to the field. including t rectly concerned in the murder of thefgovernor and othere— y_ shor Abo and fifty, of the or eight hundred | given to accept teers. I were killed: and the loss on Testricted to ty thou: d_ forty five wounded. some of ten new reguments, it ion to exercise this an- eneral massacre, who had ra 5 ney may arise when a resort to it irekipe guna foergefec ct which outros wee | Peat: tm eee a athe i , Uceasionally through the course of the Iastsuminer, some | , The department has presented estimates for ¢: rable of our Srasing rties along the line of the enstera settlements, ber jes nriations for re Embodied for pre y straggling bends of Mexicans and Indians Purposes, aud some loss was sustain ed on both sides. By seamed sa om called out beyond’ thet number yusand, for which no appropr penses of organis- rting them, to the seat of war, together with He have unfore- State of Mis- t_of which souri for a regument of mouated volunte ted to be one one lishing The lagest io the Quartermaster’s Department. Vo: this amount, as well as the necessity for it, 1 fujly refer to’ the report of the Quartermaster . dues ofthat branch of the public service are numerons and foreign irces rh to Santa Fe to sappl twelve months men, whose term of service would expire in the summer. Afierwards this direction was difficult at all ti ina ‘iment reased. in war—and particular! Fema bata ot a at Pmgpelend ope Norte war, enrried on ata gieat distance from out ondinery sources pote 4 Lagi ted. The difficulties + baker ed from the coum tri Asthe former was been committed, in check, the to that work, but the it. Not much beyond the jons for carry- 10 disastrous to Mexico; our corquest of so maay of her States and id pation of her capital; the it wages, an ther respects incu: e expense: which might, to a comsiderab. 2 extent, be cthoricy were gives to enlist the men required in the thority Ww mi rermmaster' with all the advantages f oN eh should abandon aj! our acquisi- troops from the enemy's couutry. ae eriously quished party. and were ity the ity to prolong the coutest with reasonable hopes of Tent dedeeton : rther operations must inion, be conducted in |g Moe vd for on eee y, i be collected dat one of the three following mode: From th indemnity line; to recede from ‘ad positions now | forthe supplies which may be there obtained. teeupred in xdvance of it,aud.cense Lomall aggressive opera. | sources it is reasonable to expect such nastatan fighe tions bey ond that line: second, to overrun the whole country, and hold all the pr oe places and, third, to retain it we now th troops with the office nes rts garrisoned by our troo toual amount received by the of of by the retarns, war. A full disew: " 4 4 of conducting owr mili R munication to an anwarrantable cause the il of mer tinue my remarks to'a few prominent’ considerations been almost entirely obstructed The reference to a speedy peace, with proper indemnity | cles, wherever found, fem Ly ‘ pened, ‘urity—the only object of the war—tne line policy is re- | occupation, hy yen regar 4) , eptable terms of pacification from Mexico, retiring to ’ 4 t, as the difheulties of bringing imports withia the reach ra a oe eriaiseraents of the aucany torpat an | of consumers Will be removed. In that event, the collections y, to pat an voluntary Le Lakigee J ato iil be vastly augmented: Rolneas of celleeting the comtibations has ved on military wees, ane L-A we " tushealthy Pages, wher sg po Bh it possess: if his ed from the pressure of o1 further conquest and annoyance sele t,he would be left with more aban¢ e now possesses to prepare, st leisure and in security, to strike au effective blow with concentrated forces at our detached posts. hes its safely, to retain possession of thi Uicther should fall. within the pol sar ly formed a vals dors bi those u me thority to sonetion thei im to an @ oantally recommend ‘that Covgress ‘vould ‘ificers engnged at the, Mexican ports in € the suane rece s ») and to i choose im feel the calamities of war ince him to eek for peace. But licy, should enable MI not, asf cone our operations seit futher in mutated to in if in this | am mistaken and the line reduce the number of our troops, ati wi thereby effeet a reduction of ourfactaal expendita uption of intercourse betwe nd the central parts of Mexic hitherto been inconsiderab! tercourse will cont a i civil government alifornve ‘The despateh of Vol. Mason, to whieh have befe aeptes, refers to the unsettled ¢laii country against ited States, and recommends that res be taken 0 ascertain thi that provision be made for are principally for property to, or taken by, our fore jelay to pay them has a| Jone i ‘ 'y pro- Hove {ranch diseutetestion, ‘and is prejudierl to the interests of the Uni plays Some of one es engaged ie die- as soon as ot tant service have beeom debu pritharawn from (was aveeriained or suspected. Dut were t | tracted for the use and in the eotthe ited ite: pte also dae to them that pro’ 1 +h Inst, i the of te 28 Pherae ud todivttents ln oo ting vola to nd transporting ae teers wi tered and received into the serviee oops only as ed re thet feviod, Like clalme ta ‘aeeawent ey. sade be asked to provide ‘ts our posts would. be remote from the wealth and centr ee bf the country, the amount which could be obtained Would be inconviderable: 4 ‘So far from deriving advantage from the line pol ofehtaining assistance from the resources of thi grands the support or eur troops, we should, 1m n'a portion of the people of Mexico to them at our posts & market, in whic! ference 10 8 ¢ purchasers of thetr products at ‘an exorbit a Thich i Tr ot br it bu wuthority. recommen it Congress fun couiderationn, whoa bringing ato rien other hare | AMMO dvatnent of thee came DF the aceounting om mentioned, as preferable to that of occupying an indemnity line. Tn regard to the the whole country—the cers. ae {iso recommend that provision be made for the pa / from Texas, whieh ente 5/8 at onary lant, in co..plinnee with a call by ‘reser com bea suggested—that of occapyn xtent of territory embraced the Mexie: the many rtant points to be soned, and tt es of communication to be kept open, pesentd no ordinary magnitade, if our occap: ney i to be of h a character as to supersede the Mexican authority require the t porary, tablishment of evil goverument, in carrying this into effecc, reatonable to rely upon the favorable dispar or even O neatrality, of any cou ble part of the Mexican my last anny lunteers, in lew tability ¢ four pow > in order to secure he the volunteers ition, to disperse and. chas chai ally unsnited for hich would obsteact them, and to suppress | themselves, jane te queatity. laprisings.ol the people wherever they may | the service, am fasnce from 4 bea tempted. Leaanot snlely estimate the foree requisite (6 | Servieg ti dietange rom 4 carry into fall effect (his plan, at least seventy thousand t price. Much of t ‘o lavare the presence of that number in t <xOrbit NS These troops may dat places where they would he wanted Sf proper clothing. If authority, sveena and sada tet ema aivenauply th ol aay would te ber ‘of troopers ooa as needed to gi t to this plan, regular troops, it believed 1 of yt Tapprehend, bring a very heavy, pernaps ember | at sakpaad Yow that, if,such provi mand treasury. Present move usof ue Quartermaatet’s ted is, inmy judgment, preferable to