The New York Herald Newspaper, August 4, 1847, Page 1

Vol. XIIT, No, 212—Whole No, 4809, K, WEDNESDAY MORN a NG, AUGUST 4, 1847. AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. SPECIAL DESPATCHES, AND EXTRACTS FROM THE PAPERS RECEIVED STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA, NEW YORK HERALD OFFICE. de, Se. See 'The British Government and the Foreign Debts to the British People--Threats from John Bull. (Krom the London Times. July 16 ] A bulky Parliamentary paver has Intely:appeared con- taining the correspondence from 1923 to the present day between the British Government and foreign powers, re- lative to the loans advanced to the latter by the sub- jects of this country. We hardly know with what feel- ings to regard ag curious ledger of national dad debts and imperial applications for payment, Per- haps the extent. and amount of our transactions might suggest a sentiment ofcomplacency and self-importance, ‘were it not that such renown is so very easily purchasa- ble by everybody under similar penalties. ‘Ths addresses of the defwulters indicate somewhat strikingly the change of the relations between the New World and the Old, since Western Europe relied on the unfathoma- ble riches of America. With the exception of the twin spendthrifts of the Pevinsifla, and the infunt monareby of the Morea, our customers are all from the other side of the Atlantic; and the appearance of any small repub- lic on the scene, in the character of independence, is ge- nerally simultaneous with its appearance on our books in the character of # debtor. A very good business we have tainly had, though a little seattered perhaps. Nothing is said in the present schedule of certain outlying debts «above the peninsula of Florida, but we commence trans- actions, immediately below, with Mexico, e in the constituent Powers of Central America, call at Venezue- (a and Buenos Ayres, then double Cape Horn, and run up the coast of the Pacific to Chili, Peru, Ecuador, and New Granada, Reserving for another occasion some general conclusions and maxims which may be deduced irom the contents of this new guide to capitatists, we confine ourselves at present to the exposition of the law or policy as lately delivered, on & queation so interesting as the right of foreign bond-holders to national pro- tection ‘The conditions of this question render it pos- sible that the law should be laid down once for all as guide and a precedent tor future occasions. The a vidental relations of the two States involved, the tem- por of the country, the general aspect of the political world, and the circumstances of the particular case muy each and all affect any particular decision, but the Judgment given and acquiesced in at this period of 1847, appears to be as follows :—That when British subjects lend moneys to foreign powers, it is undoubt- edly competent for the British government, according to the law of nations, to compel payment by reprisals or war; but that the cxertion of this right rests entirely with the government, to be determined by their view of what is best for the whole State, and cannot, except in pursuance of special compact to that effect, be demand- ed by the bondholders on their own behalf. The whole ¢axe of the Spanish bondholders cleasly turns on the belief which the creditors might justly have entertained, at the time of their advancing the money, as to the duty of the government to bear them’ harmless. If, as it has been attempted to prove, it was demonstrable from civil law or con- stitutional precedent, and waa, moreover, popularly un- derstood, that the British government was 4s much bound to exact redress for a British subject in this par- ticular cas in certain others, an the moneys were lent under the impression of this general and uttimate guarantee, there can then be no doubt that the govern- ment conldonly release itselffrom the FS a pt of this duty on condition of assuming the liabilities in question, and discharging the debts which it conceived impolitic to exact. If it was expedient for the State that the just rights of certain of ite citizens should be postponed to the general good, of course the State which derives the benefit, should make the compensation, and should thus purchase the privilege of inaction which its own interests demand. The first principles, however, of public law and national policy militate against the unconditional acceptance of a maxim which would leave a State thus perpetually and helplessly exposed to the hazards of War; and, upart fom the conclusions inseparable from such primary considerations, it is evident enough that such « belief as we have hypothetically sug- ested did not prevail, or could not be justified. At the peace of 1814 Lord Castlereagh gave public notice chat compensation had been ex: d fur the British hold- ers of French bonds only on special considerations, aud expressly stated that when British subjects for the fu- ture exchanged their money for such obligations, they must understand that they did so at their own risk, un- less the special sanction of their government had been first obtained. And that the necessity of such sanction was pretty well comprehended is clear from the observa- tion of Lord Palmerston, that appleaition bad more than ouce been wade for it to the governments ot which he had been a member, and had been invariably refused.— We take it therefore az established and wo conceive it is so taken even by the advochtes of the safferers, that the Spanisn bondholders have not a peremptory right to the alternative, protection or compensation; but that their case only just falls short of such title caa be de- nied by none. As far as the two contracting parties are concerned, it would be impossible to make out cut acase either harder on one side, or more flagitious on the other, It cannot have escaped the notice of any person who has perused either the representations f their petition or the arguments of a recent de- pate, that the law of debtor plied to States with very rema: the case of an individual, confessed inability i ways a protection against v that of nations, it is at once alowed to preclude any trouble or annoyance. It is assumed us av indispensable coudition for the responsibility of an indebted State that it should be flourishing aad proapevous, aud the creditors and their patrons think it absolutely necessa ry to show that it has an increasing revenue and an abundant exchequer, Nothing but ics annual disengag- ed surplus is considered liable to its just debts. ‘Though Lord Palmerston avowed that nations go indebted were, mortgaged reve- whose use they in point of fact, ony receivers of their nues in trust for their creditors, to weae bonnd in the very first pi to apply them, yet they are permitted to supersede by the claims of their ublic service,’ and by any requirements of ‘or private extravagance, all honest demands upon them, Nothing is asked for until it fs proved by figures that even unbounded wastefulness and protligaey still leave an excess out of the revenue which thuse very advances have 60 mainly contributed to create; 4 a, with the utmost coolners is this very surplus refused. ‘Some risks a lender must necessarily incur by intrusting his money to the chayces of a foreigu nation aod a remote land under circumstances generally of dif. ity and danger; aud for theso recognized risks a higher amouet of iaterest than common is ordinarily taken tocompensate, But we do think that it concerns the common character and common credit of Christen- dom, that the shameless dishonesty of the borrowing State should not be superadded, as tbe worst and most probdble, to all the other hazards attending the recovery of the debt; bat that compulsion should insure, it honor does not dictate, a decent discharge of obligations from all who are competent to meet them, ‘The late proceedings in Parliament can hardly be lost on these indebted States. Though it is ruled that a single creditor may not procluim a continental war upon mesne proc hy all classes of politicians it is affirmed that the vig of the government to act is neither questioned nor lost, but simply suspended: from motives af poticy and hu- manity. sl creditor uf the most ampie and irresistible power, with all the low and all the veason on his under the most exasperating provocations, and after ¥ peated disoppointments, has been contented with giving one more emphatic warning to a perfectly competent and perfectly solvent debtor, rather than endunger wr disturb the great fomily of nations by summary self-defence. Let us hope that interest may compel a course which honesty has not yet suggested, The English View of Mr. Trist’s Mission to Mexico [Feom the London Cropiele, July 15 J ‘Tho last news from America is of a greatly more pacifle tendency than any that we had received for a long time. In short. if we could give implicit eredence to the ac- counts which have reached us both from the States and from the seat of war, we might regard it as certain that a peace will shortly be concluded, on terms on the whole more honorable to the States, and much ters humiliating to Mexico, than, udder all the elreumstan- coa, she had any reason to expect. Weare too much rejoiced at the prospect of a cessation of this most impo- lide and unjustifiable war, to be disposed to examine too clowely into the motives which have led the government of the States to change their policy. It may be that President Polk, rowing more and more jealous of Gene- rals Scott and Taylor, and being unabie to set them by tho ears, has resolved to cut short their career of glory in the only effective way, Could he himself have reaped a popularity, suds renewal of his term of ofice, the fruits of (helr toil and danger, it would have been a dif- ferent matter. In that case every furtherance would have been given to the war, and no reasonable over- tures of peuco either made or listened to. Rough and Ready and the Kentucky Savage might have worn out their lives in their country’s service, and quarrelled or not quarrelied, just as the humor took them, had President Polk remained that idol of the Yunkes demecracy which he was four years ago— It is not, however, #o hopeless with Mr. Polk’as it seems Of w re-election to the Presidency he has no chance. But he is comparatively a young man; considerably younger than either of the new celebrities who have thrown bit into theshade, Let peace be concluded now on what terms it may, half a dozen years will not elapse without a renewal of the war. Let’ the ambitious Mr. Polke devote the enforced leisure with which he is threa- toned toa diligeat study of tactics, Then, when the next opportunity ariges, let him lead new thousands of volunteers, invading Mexico for the second time. Let him sturdily earn his laurels, by craft and courage, by hard work, and occasionally by hard fighting — Let hin return scarred and careworn, and haptisea with some grotesque nickname, and the eup of his ambition may yet be replonished. He may attain that enjoyment for whieh he is said to languish, of frettiog through four years more of Presidential responsibilities. And thua the seeds (f discord whieh he is accused of having sown, may at length produse for im the fruit which he covet- ed, Tt was some such plan as this that must have b in Mr. Benton's to get himeeif appointed virtual Commander-in- hief. And in fact, ifwar did become @ regular system in the Statee, one of the inevitable results would be, that all the leading politicians would be forced to graduate in the field of battle before they bid for popular honors; just among the red men, no aspiring youth dared ask maiden’s love, or claim a man’s prerogatives, until he had slain his enemy, aud appended the reeking scalp to his waist, There is sometimes a strange aiflluity in the predilections of races that succeed each other on the same soil, And we doubt not but that, when the histo- ry of America is farther developed. some future Montes- quieu may find strong corroboration for the theory that climate greatly influences, if it does not make national character, in the essential resembiances that will be per- ceptible in the social and political babits of races so ditfer- ent, and conditions of society so remote, as the red men that once owned the west. and the white men who own it now. According to the Democratic Review, an organ of the Washington cabinet, the territory of which Mexico ia to be mulcted at present, will be confloed to New Mexico and Upper California ; « pretty cantle of ground to transfer from one dominion to another, yet not more than Mexico can a well spare. And if her new north- ern frontier could only be made a permanent one, we apprehend it would be more easily defended by Mexico thau the present. But this will partly depend on where the new boundary of the States will be drawn, and what conditions will accompany the settlement. This new accession to their tersitors the United States are not to exact as a forfeit or accept as a concession. Deeming purchase the best title, they prefer, it is said, to pay for whatever they take from Mexico. How much they are to pay. or whether it is to be in hard cash, or merel; a set-off against the expenses of the war, we donot c! ly understand. But the terms which Mr. Trist hasbeen deputed by the government at Washington to offer to the Mexicans are amerted to be—payment for all terri- tory transferred; the States to become responsible for the debts due to their citizens by Mexico; aad no pay- ment at all to be exacted of the expenses of the war. Of this last item we confess we are incredulous, We are pretty sure that the settlement will be made by a set-off of purchase money against expenses. Louisiana was bought dog-cheap tor 60,000,000 of francs, or 12,000,000 of dollars, ‘The Mexican war has already cost the States four times that suin; and yet as bargains go, especially Brennus bargains, Jonathan will have no right to complain. Mexico will bs fortunate if the sword of the Yankee general is not thrown into the scale when her ransom is weighing, and some of her beat ports tranferred forever to the dominion of her triumpiant foe. That would certainly be a far greater loss to Mexico than twice the quantity appropriated of her inland wilder- nesses. But to grasp at California and the Gulf of Mex- ico at once would be too daring an aggression for Jona- than to attempt in act the first ofthe Mexican tragedy. Nor is it quite certain that the European powers would behold unmoved such an approach on the part of the Russia of the West to the uncontrolled mastery of the American Mediterranean, Pending the negoctations for @ peace, General Scott is evinoing immense dexterity in the mode in which he subsists his army in the conquered country, without drawing supplies or ammunition from Vera Cruz. Whatever he wants he helps himselfto, and —most wonderful to relate— papsfer it. At Julapa, at Pueble, and other places, he draws bills upon the Govern ment ac Washington; and as fast as he draws, somebody, Mexican or foreigner, is found to discount them on the spot. He thus loads his coffers with hard silver as fast as he can till stamps. Strange fatality, crowning all the other wonders of this unparalleled war! In most other countries in the position of Mexico, this would be imposr sible for the ablest general to effect. How often, for in- stance, havo the troops of Marlborough und of Louis XIV. starved io Flanders! For it is not merely the sol- vency ot the Government of the United States that inakes this possible. Marlborough and Vendome, when their soldiers had but half rations, and less than half clothing, could have drawn bills too on London and Paris; but where were the men to discount them, after the fashin of the money-lenders of Puebla and Jalapa!? Thus dovs the greatest apparent element of Mexico's strength be- come her worst bane, Her abundance of the precious motals enable every unpatriotic scoundrel that has more dollars than principle, to subsidise the enemy's force ina more effectusl manner than the most provident cabinet, conded by the most enterprising commirsariat, could ave ever hoped to effect. Tro in Iresand. From the papers, to July 17 The Irish confederation held another meeting on Thursday night, the 15th of July, and the orators re- ceived another beating—none of your imaginary horse- whippings, but sound kicks, cuffs, and tumblings, from the hands of the “moral force” repealers, who still hang out the flag with the old inscriptions ‘he who commits a crime gives strength to the enemy.” The Freeman's Journal, an Old Ireland organ, thus winds up its report: “At the close of the proceedings within the hall large crowds had collected outside, who occasionally gave vent to their feelings in loud cheers for O'Connell, Con- ciliation Hall, and Old Ireland, mingled wiih groans and other expressions of disapprobation for Young Ireland and the confederates. On the appearance of Mr. R. O'Gorman, Sr., and Mr. R. O'Gorman, Jr., Mr. Meagher, Mr. Mitchell, and other prominent members of the con- federation, without the building, the groaning became more marked and energetic, and these, in turn, were met with opposite expressions of feeling frcm the persons who had attended the meeting. At this tine the rush of people from the neighboring streets, and the great excitement that prevailed, were truly alarming A large police force was in attendance, but this was ineffectual in quelling the disposition ‘to riot. Each moment the counter demonstrations of opinion assumed more threatening aspects. Stones were flung rather freely, and iu the tumult several persons were thrown down and trampled upon. Matters continued in this state until the crowds had reached Sackville street, when blows were rather generaily resorted to. Mr. Richard O’Gor- man, sen., was struck with # stick on the back of the head; Mr. Meagher was knocked down at the corner of Karl street, and Mr. Joseph Rogers, Chapel street, was attackedwand beaten by some persons at the same place Amidst a scene of general uproar the gentlemen before named, with their friends, entered the shop of Mr. Faulk- ner,grocer, North Sarl street, for refuge, when the house was immediately surrounded, and stones tlung through the windows, one of which hit Mrs. Faulkner on the head, and severely cut her, After a short time spent at this place, a reinforcement of police arrived. which @ vented any further attack, and enabled the gentlem retire. The groaning, however, continued for # long time, in the midst of which loud cries were given for Old Treland.” ‘The Nation of thia day (July 17) charges the Repeal Association with the organization of those ferocious mobs, and their incitement to bloodshed. Further down you will find the “ Moral Foree Repealers,” as they are called at Conciliation Hall, acting after a similar fashion in Dundalk, with the design of driving away Mr. Torrena M’Caliagh, the whiz candidate. Betore we come to the particulars touching the Dundalk roffianiem,we may give an extract or two from the proceedings of the Young Irelanders on ‘Thursdzy night :— Mr. Meagher was called to the chair ; on taking which he said :—Gentlemen, sttempt has been made to put us down by brute forco—it was made on the last ni of the meeting—-und because it was made we are bh this night. (Tremendous cheering) Let the coarse cinissaries of Conciliation Hall renew the attempt. Against them, to the death, we ehall maintain the right of citizens to meet, wherever and whenever they think best, to consult upon the public interests. (Loud and continued cheers.) No power shall deprive us of that Tight, whilst we have life to worship and to guard it.— The sceptre shall not deprive us of that right—neither shall the bludgeon. (Vohoment cheering.) But this is what we had just reavon to expect. It has been the fate of many better men who have preceded us, and thus it will be to the end of time. The career of truth is through a crowd of perils, and freedom is not #0 much the gift of fortune as it is the reward of suffering. (Hear, hear.) Nerved by those attacks, proceed ns you have begun, [After alluding to the conduct of the govern. ment, he proceeded | Meot these whigs upon the hua- tings—aneet them boldly—meet them resenttully—meet them to crush them. (Loud cheers.) Show no mercy to them, they have shown no mercy to the people Leave them to their resources, as they have left you to your resources, (Loud cheers) Down with these ministers, and down with their colleagues of Concitf tion Hall, (Kmtbusiastic cheering) Whilst lite is left us they shall have a foe, Not till they have beaten us to thy earth, and trampled on us in the public streets thall we desist. Ia the name of religion, let thom curse us. In the name of peace, lot them strike us, There let them hold their jubilee Then let thei celebrate the triumph of their pure, their ‘peaceful, their bloodless policy.” (Hear, hear) ‘Tbeu lot them enumerate the political vietories they have won “ without the effusion of one drop of blood.” (Hear, hear) Then let them point in ecstacy to their saered baer, and with tongues that uttered words of Vengeance against their fellow-citizens, it them reite- rate their favorite maxim that “ho who commits th to the enemy.” (Loud cries of “hear, hoar,”’) ‘leus of these men, continue to act as you have done-—continue to be the friends of truth. the enemies of corruption. (Loud cheors ) Be assured of this, that they whom you have stood by so manfally they whose youth has been no obstacle to your conti. dence, (loud cheers) will stand by you to the last. (Loud, peel Mr. Mitehell brought forward a report, showing the votes of the Irish members during the present session on questions of the deopest interest to Ireland. “Lhe first in order (said that document) was Lord George Ben- tinck’s bill for proposing to advanca £ 16,000,000 in four years to the promotion of railways in Ireland. ‘The Irish membors who yoted with the ministry against this bill were :—Lord Acheson, Richard M, Bellew, John James Bodkin (x), Robert Dillon Browne (a), Hon. R. 8. Ca- rew, Viscount Castlereagh, Hon. Robert Gore, Captain Villiers Hatton, Sir Ralph Howard, Captain Layard, Jo- seph M. M’Donnell (a), John O’Brien (a), Morgan John O'Connell (a), the O’Conor Don (a), James Power, Col. Rawdon, D. R, Ross, Hon. C. C. Cavendish, Benjamin Chapman, Mathew Elias Corbally, Right Hon Henry Corry, Hon. Thomas V, Dawson, Sir Thomas Esmonde, Fitzstophen French, Hon, Sir H, B. Seymour, Right Hon. ¥. Shaw, Right Hon. R. L. Sheil (a), John Patrick So- mers, Sir William Somerville, William Villers Stuart, William Henry Watson, Henry Whito, Thomas Wyso, ‘The names distinguished by the letter (a) are those of Old Ireland Repealors, and ns each was read out the movting groaned lustily. They were, one and all, deemed unworthy of the confidence of the Irish people. fipatn, Madrid journals of the Ith ult., dwoll with some alarm on the threatening appearance of the Montemoli- nists. The Keo del Comercio, for example, says— It is anindubitable fact that the Montemolinists are organ- izing themselves in a formal and terrible manner, and it is expected that, from one day to another, they will raise the ery of rebellion with an intensity whieh ft wiil not be very soon to stifle”? The same journal pub- lishes a letter Valencia, stating that a Montemoli- College of Chemistry, for the discovery of a method of niat band of sixty men had appeared at Macatrazgo Ene counters, of no great importance as to their reaulte, took place on the Sth and 6th, between the Queen's troops and insu ents at Valldara, in Catalonia, and near th Mora de Ebro, in Tarragona, Portugal. Accounts from Oporto of the 10th inst, state that the Junta has dissolved itself, and Saldanha and his have entered the town, where they are at present garrison with the Spanish troops under Concha. The castle of Fox is garrisoned by English marines. The Duke of Terceira and his fellow-captives, the Marquis of Loule and several other distinguished members of the Junta, have arrived at Lisbon. The Conde Das Antes and the Visconde Sa da Bandeira are still detained a8 prisoners. It is rumored that the Queen, unmindful of the recent lessou which has been taught her, is about to recall Costa Cabral. Several Cabralistas have been ap- pointed to high official situations, and these appoint. ments being in direct violation of the promises made when foreiga intervention was asked for, have given great umbrage. Neither has the Queen performed her promise of entering at ouce upon a constitutional course of government. A deoree was issued on the 9th, con- tinuingto the end of July thesuspension of the guaran- tees of perscnal liberty, and prohibiting until that day the publication of newspapers and pamphlets. ‘I'he re- resentatives of Portugal, France, and Spain, at Lisbon, brave protested against Colonel WylJe’s convention with the Junta. Italy. ‘The statement that the Pope was about. to abdicate, is said to have been a mere Austrian invention. Letters from Bologna, of the 8th ult. announce that the Pope had issued two decrees, the one authorizing the formation of a national guard on the French principle throughout his dominions, and the other sanctioning the establishment of railroads. These two measures had produced the greatest enthusiasm in Rome; the en- tire population had repaired to the Quirinal to express its gratitude to the Holy Father, and gt night the whole city was iliuminated. The dinner, to which the Aus- tsiun Ambassador had invited Cardinals Lambruschini, Vanvicelli, Bernetti, &c.,on the 2d, was prevented by a popula. demonstration. ‘Ihe people assembled before the embassy, crying, “Down with Austria! Death to Lambruschini, and to the enemies of the Pope! Viva ‘The Transteverinos, it appears, were excited in the highest degree against Lambruschini, whom they threatened to throw into the Tiber. The Cardinal Macchi was so terrified by the cries of the ple on that night, that he sent offhis nephew to aneigh boring town with all his valuable property. Father Ven- tura and the popular leader, Ciceruaéchio, had fortu- nately jnterfored, and succeeded in allaying the effer- vescence, Several Austrien couriers coming trom Rome had lately passed through Bologna. At Parma and Luc- ca much excitement prevailed, and ocoasional collisions took place between the population and the troops. Private letters from Rome of the 7th ult. announce that Cardinal Gizvi had tendered his resignation of the post of Secretary of State, because, some said, he @isap- proved of the decree establishing a national guard, which ¢ had, nevertheless, signed. ‘The candidates for the va- cant office were Cardinal Baluffi, Ferretri, de Angelis, and Antonelli; but it was believed in the salons of the Quirinal that the Pope, who had asked three days to consider, would not accept the resignation. His Holi- ness had, however, sent an express to Pesaro, to summon Cardinal Ferretri to Rome. ‘The lutter belonged to the retrograde party, but since tho Pope adinitted him into his confidence, he bas proved himself a liberal and faith- ful executor of his orders. ‘Advices from Bologna up to the 9th ultimo, state that tranquillity aud confidence yere completely restored, and that the decree on the national guard had been re- ceived with as much enthusiasm as the amnesty, At Ferrara it hud likewise been hailed with raptures of joy. Austria. Our accounts from Vienna are of the 8th ult. We learn from this capitpl that the conferences rela- tive to ithe organization of Galicia having concluded, Count Studion, governor of that province, had fixed his departure for Lemberg for the 9th. It is mot true, as has been announced, that Archduke Albert had been design- ed for the post of governor-general of Galicia, Mr. Cob- den has arrived at Vienna, where he has been presented by Lord Ponsonby. the English Ambassador, to the Prince de Metternich, and Baron de Kubeck, Minister of the Interior, i Prussi The trial of the Poles, which was to have commenced on the 26th ult., has been postponed till the middle of August, in consequence of the want of lawyers for the defence of the accused. Switzerland, The Presse gives the following as the substance of a note sent by the French|Minister to M. Ochsenbein, Pre- sident of the Diet:—M. Guizot does not contest the principle of the right of Switzerland, as well as that of avery independent State, to modify its constitution free- ly, but he protests, in the interest. of Switzerland and the peace of Europe, against the application of the prin- ciple. M. Guizot alludes to the example of King Charles X, who fell for having given 4 forced interpretation to a clause of the French constitution. The federal organi- zation, such as it at present exists, appears to M, Guizot to be the only certain security for the maintenance of the neutrality towards Switzerland. In case of a civil war amongst the cantons, or in case of a violation of the federal pact and of the oppression of the minority of the cantons by the majoriiy, France reserves to herself the right te consider the matter (d'a her own interests, and to regulate. according to her con- venience, new relations with Switzerland. aud with the different cantons in particular.” If such are, in fact, the contents of M. Guizot’s note, this note is condemned. beforehand by the unanimous censure passed some weeks since on the inconsiderate proceeding of M. de Bois-le- Conte. It is announced that the President of the Vorort considers the note a4 not having reached him—that he has not acknowledged it, and that he will not communi- cate it to the Diet. Holand. The dates from Amsterdam, ure of the 13th ult. ed that the King of Holland has the ¢ for a considerable time in foreign stablishment, a8 said, of his health. With this view, the king would appoint a regency to conduct public affairs during his absence, and the regent fixed upon would be bis brother, Prince Frederick, now actually at St. Petersburg. A’ special messenger had been despatched to notify this intention to the prince, and to recall him; but, ax he 18 reported a yery unambitious man, it is not doubted that he will refuse. Such a nomination would also be against the fandamental law prov for such contingencies, ac- cording to which the Prince of Orange, as eldest son of ‘This prince, owever, is said not to be popular, beeause of reports in circulation abouth is private life, whereas Prince Frede- rick is much beloved. Belgium Our advices from Brussels are to the 16th ult, ‘The ministerial crisis, which still continues to great interest, will probably soon be over. liberal journals, wnd especially (’Observateur, exprers themselves decidedly aguinst a mixed cabinet, it may, nevertheless, be conjectured that the King will first try this conciliatory system, as the pretty equal strength of parties in the Chamber seems to hold out the posaivility of giving permanency to a new ministry of this kind — ‘The opening of the Chambers will, however, probably determine this: cite Although the Turkey, Private letters from Constantinople of the 20th of June, stute that the decision of Prince Metternich with respect to the difference between Grevev and Turkey was hourly expected, and that its pacitic adjustment was vo longer a matter of doubt. ‘The insurrection in Albania had been completely appoased. ‘Tho troops marched against the insurgents in Kurdistan, had completely routed them, and compelled Beder Khan Bey to fly into the mountains, Russia and Cireassia A letter from St. Petersburg of the 4th ult., says: “ Im. mense preparations are being made in the Caucasian provinces for tife approaching campaign against the mountaineers, The army which {s to act against them will be of nearly 150,000 men, We are assured that as soon as the Exuperor shall be perfectly recovered from the sickness with which he ia at present afllicted, he will Place himself at this head of the army.” Miscellancous, Annivat or tHe U.S. FRicats Macepontan at Cove, —This noble frigate, commanded by Commodore DeKay, reached Hautbowline on the 16th inst.,after a fine voyage of twenty-nine days, from New York’ ‘The Rev. ©. C. ‘Taylor, tw leader of thy temperance movement in Ame- rica, cuime over as supercargo, ‘The erew, sixty in nut ber, are all teetotallers, and no spirits have bocn allowed on board. On Saturday the Rev, Father Mathew, ace companied by the Mayor, went on board the frigate, and was received with great enthusiasm. ‘The yards were tanned, aud prolonged cheers were, given for “ Father Mathew and the Mayor of Cork,” which wore responded to by the people on shore, On Mr. Mathew and the Mayor leaying the vessel, a boat was manned to convey them to Monkstown. It was steered by Mr. DeKay, on of the commodore, a fine intelligent boy about 15 years of age. ‘The commander of the Macedonian dined on urday with admiral Sir Thomas Usher, and yester- day he was to bea guest at the hospitable’ board of the Very Rev. Mr, Mathew. Proceedings have already been conimenced with a view to show some token of respect and gratitude to Commodore DeKay, fer his most noble and praiseworthy conduct in this matter. The Mayor ani some of the most influential citizens, have deter. mined to entertain him and his lady by & steam trip round the harbor and coast, similar to the entertain. ment given to the late Mr. O'Connell, on the occasion of his last visit to Cork. At meeting of the Corporation to be held on ‘Thursday, an address will be presented to kita, —Willmer § Smith's Times. ‘Tho vessel Dart, arvived in the river from Nowfound- land, has brought, in addition to a cargo of oil and other morcnandise, the large number of 19,194 seal sking; and another vessel, the Cynthia, arrived from the sane place, besides a cargo of ofl, 17,000 of the same kind of skins, ‘These extensive importations of the #kin of the seal from the British North American province memiioned amply illustrate the abundance of the creature in that district. The Belfast News Letter saya that Mr. Sheridan Knowles “indignantly declined the offer of Lord J, Russell’ to settle on nim a pension of £100 a year, A premium of £1,000 has been offered by the Royal rendering iron, when applied to ordinary purposes, a4 little liable to rust as copper. On Wednesday the statue of the youthful and amiable Fdward VI., the founder of St, ‘Thowns’s Hospital, waa placed on a marble pedestal in the centre of the great quadrangle of the horpital, fronting Wellington street. ‘The opening of @ masonic lodze called * Leopold of Fidelity” took place a few days ago at Carlsrahe, with A copy of the following proclamation, issued by her hon ma Superintendent of Trade in Chins, has been transmitted to Lioyd’s from the Board of Trade:— (Copy) “Diplomatic Department. GOVEUNMENT NOTIFICATION. “ His Excellency her Majesty’s Plenipotentiary, &c., &e., is pleased to direct that the annexed rates of pilot- uge at the ports of trade, as settled by her Majesty’s con- sul, be published for general information. “'Snanauar—d dollars for all vessels, irrespective of tonnage or draft of w —9 dollars for each veasel from and to Square Island; 10 dollars for and to the Chusan Islands. “Foo-CHow-Koo—60 cents for each foot the vessel draws up to twelve, and | dollar for,for every additional foot to the Woo-foo mun pass, from that to the anchor- age at Pagoda Island 50cents additional for each foot; and from thence to the bridge at Nantae, 25 cents for each foot—all exclusive of charge for tow boats. “ Amoy—No pilots needed, and none employed. “Canron—6 cents per ton, and one dollar tor each bar boat, when required. * By order. Ly JOHNSTON, “ Vieronta, Hong Kong, March 4, 1847 ‘The excess of the imports over the exports of wheat and wheat flour amounted in the half-year ended the Sth of June last to 1,067,930 qrs., inst 1,104,844 qra, inthe half-year ended the sth of June, 1846. ‘The ex- ceases of the imports of barley and oats amounted re- spectively in the half-year ended the Sth of June last to 634,295 qrs, and 478,66. ‘The London and Northwestern Railway Company em- ploys 6,181 servants, exclusive of 2,000 plate layers; and during ninteen years 55,000,000 passengers have been safely conveyed. ‘The Wolverton accident was the first great calamity that had occurred. ‘The Ragged School movement has extended to Stir- ling, where the number of destitute ne:lected children are variously estimated us amounting to from 50 to 100; and it is ealowlated that the yearly expense of support- ing each child will be from £5 to £6. The Spanish capital, says the National, is an inex- haustible reservoir of strange histories, fantastic dramas, and unexpected events, might,fili an entire volume with a recital of the Spanish follies with which the in- nocent Isabella amuses herselt. ‘The Bosjemans, in London, on Wednesday, attended a niggar concert; and the performer having, at the ter- mination of a song, made a noise like the bursting of a steam-veasel, the bush peopie started in affright and the younger man seized his bow row for defence. We read in a letter from Lyons thaton the th, about nine o'clock in the evening, d luminous glabe appeared in the wost towards the mountains of the Lyonnais, und moving tewards the hill of Sainte Foy, with extraordin- ary velocity, disappeared without any explosion. It is believed to have been an aerolithe, and not one of those meteors sometimes formed in the upper regions. It appears from a parliamentary return, that 1,167,- 642 shrapnel shells have been ordered for the British and Indian armies since the adoption of the shell by the government, for the use of the national forces, Another reduction in the price of the 4Ib. loaf took place throughout the metropolis. The best bread is now charged 10d., second-rate 8d., league bread 734d., weighed on delivery; household 7d. and 634d. the louf. The Times states that the cardinals had presented to tho Pope alist of one hundred names of persons whom they recommended to be banished from the Roman States. This his Holiness refysed, and the fact having been notified to the people the commotion, which was assuming an alarming character, was tranquilised, and itis hoped that the reforms promised by his Holiness will have the effect of satisfying ull partis. It iv added that tho brother of his Holiness is to be appointed to the command of the National Guard about to be organised. We learn from Goerlitz, in Prussian Silesia, that on the 28th ult., the last stone was laid of the immense viaduct which passes over the valley of the Niease, This viaduct. which has been three years anda half in con- struction, is one of the most magnificent works of the present century. It has cost more than 434 millions of thalers (18,000,000f.) ‘The late M. Van Caneghem of Ghent has left the sum of 100,000fr. tor the erection in that city of an hospital for the blind. During the month of June, the sum of 95,452fr. was ea into tl igium; and the sum of 108,714fr. withdrawn. The curé of Pont-de-Loyp has been condemned to two years’ imprisonment for having excited his congrega- tion to wets of violence against some Protestant mission- aries. ‘The French government has awarded a gold medal to Mr. James Peter, master and owner of the brig Mercury, of Arbroath, for assistance tendered to the crew of the French brig La Jeune Elise, of Granville, ‘The rumor is revived that Sir James Graham proceeds to the administration of India, Nearly 100,000 emigrants left’ Liverpool in the first six months of the present year, in 431 ships. Miss Burdett Couts has endowed two of the four colonial bishopricsr. cently created. According to a royal decree just published in the Moniteur, corn may be imported duty free into Belgium up to April 1850 ‘The Medical union of gium gave agrand banquet to Dr. Rieken,, the King’s physician, on the occasion of his, being nomin ted chevalier of the Order of Leopold A new double-way bridge is about to be placed across the south passage at the George's Dock. Insects are making great ravages among the hops in Worcestershire, At present, in Great Britain, there is one in 1585 of the population deaf and dumb, aud one in 1000 blind, A short time since, Indian corn sold at Cork for £19 19s, @ ton: the best can now be had at from £10 to £11 the ton. It Ty stated that Lieutenant General Despaus bivres had sent to the King his resignation as peer of rance, The London correspondent of a Perthshire journal states, that the proprietors of the Daily News and Marn- ing Chronicle recently contemplated an amalgamation of their journals. It is stated, observes the Daily News, that in one of the counties of Connaught, £40,000 of the relief money had been unaccounted for, The King of Sweden has created MM. Schonbein and Bottiger, the inventors of gun cotton, knights of the or- der of Vasa, ‘The Pope has altered the manner of reckoning time at Rome, where the people used the Italian mode of count- ing 24 hours, from haifan hour before sunset, and has ordered the public clock to be adapted te the common European reckoning. The Arab chiefs have arrived in Paris. They lodge like Bou-Maza, in the Champs Elysees. They ure nine in number, and seven wear the Cross of the Legion of Honor; they went on Saturday to visit, amongst other things, the panorama of the battle of Eylau, and appear- od struck with admiration. The amiable Sisters of Charity, in the Westport Con- Vent, are every morning engaged giving breakfast to the children of the poor. We regret to add that while en- gaged in this work of charity, four of the ladies, includ- ing the mother abbess, caught the fever, which proved fatal to one of them. Yet the other Sisters of Mercy, no way daunted by the fate of the nuns who were seized by the contagion, are continuing to perform every morning the heavenly ollce of feeding the hungry and the help- jess, A letter from Lemberg, of July 5, states that for some time past a groat number of Jews have been emigrating from Russia into Gallicia, in consequence of the late mea- sures adopted by the Russian government, relative to their worship. ‘The Jewish population of Gallicia being, in consequuce of this influx, augmented a seventh, the government ef Gallicia has decided on establishing colo- nivs of Jews in Bukowina, whero the population is rather thin. Mr. T. Lennon Hunt has been appointed Vice Consul of England at Montevideo, in the place of Mr. Hood, re- cently appointed consul at Buenos Ayres. The following are the statistics of emigration from Liverpool alone, during the half year just closed:— Crvanep Unoen tue Passencens’ Act ty Quanten Exp ino Wn JUN 1a Passengers. he United States 32,250 Canada 23,267 New Brn 7 “ Prince Edward's Island 4h Cieanep in Same Quant: Naens’ Aor. ates ** other parts of the world Total in quarter ending 30th June, 1947. 271 ta Mai hed Grand totel from Ist January to 2 Ja 18 As children under twolve months old are not counted, and as children under fourteen years are merely count: ed every two as but one “ statate adult,” these returns indicate that upwards of 100,000 souls have, from Liver- pool alone, quitted their native land within the last six months. When emigration is progressing with such a flood-tide march, surely every practicable safeguard and pretaction ought to be extended to our poor follow sub- jects self-expatriated. But here blundering legislation Proves either inapplicable or unintentionally inopora- ve, Don Carlos, his wife, and ono of hi at tho waters of Aix.in Savoy, shat an a bay , The Journal des Debats announces the arrival of Mr¥ Cobden at Vienna, where he was presented to Prince Metternich and to the Baron de Kubeck, Minister of the Interior, by Lord Ponsonby, the British ambassador. ‘The heat of the weather in London has been excer- sive. A paper «1 rh Tho thermometer ranged during the afternoon of Monday as high as 96 degrees in the sun, and $4 in the shade, with the wind W.; on Tuesday, 99 degrees in the sun, and 86 in the shad», with the wind N. N. W.; and yesterday, from two to four, the mercury was up to 104 degrees, being six degrees above blood heat and only six degrees below fever heat, and in the shade the mercury stood at 92, with the wind due north, with ® brilliant ‘clear sky overhead, although to the south and east there were in the distauce masses of clouds, The total quantity of tea which paid duty in the United Kingdom, in the year ended the 6th of Jane last Was 19 446,969 Ibs , an increase of 103,043 Ibs, comp ared with 1846, the approbation of the Baden government, For thirty- four yeara previously freemasonry had been interdicted iu the Ducby of Badew. The personal effects of the Inte Dr. Shirley, Bishop of Sodor and Man, has been estimated for probate duty as hot exceeding £800 within the province of Canterbury esavings’ bank department of the bank of Fore! ‘Wheatricals. Henry Russell has just concluded # most successful provincial tour. He announced a series of concerts throughout Kent during the present month, commenc- ing at the Gravesend Theatre, from whence he goes to Canterbury, Dover, Margate, Ramsgate, and all the other principal towns. ‘The Distin Family are engaged to performon their sax- horns, at Northampton, where the Grand Agricultural Meeting is to be held. ‘The son of the inimitable John Reeve is about to make his first public appearance for the benefit of his fafher’s old friend, Buckstone, whe takes his tarewell benefit at the Haymarket theatre, on the 2ist inst. Mr. Reeve has chosen a favorite character of his father’s, Bill Dow ney, in “ The Unfinished Gentlema in which to make his debut. Mr, Reeve, it is said, inherits much of that genuine humor that in the elder John go often “ set the audience in a roar,” Mr. Walton, who has been attached to the Princess's Theatre from its commencement, as an actor, and on several occasions as stage manager, died yesterday, after a short illness. The cause of his death is attributable to inflammation brought on by too frequent applications of laudenum. It is stated that Jullien has engaged most of the band belonging to the Royal Italian Opera, for the purpose of giving musical performances, on a very extensive scale, at the Drury Lane, in the autumn, when Covent Gar- den isclosed. ‘The idea of giving English operas at that bee Soring the winter, fas j Po aban tne tee the ent. Vestris and her junior partner, are doing great things for the approaching campaign at the Lyceum; while Macready, shut out of a theatre of his own, has bound himself for three mortal years to Maddox, of the Prin- coss. Julien, and Fred. Gye, Jr., have signed, sealed, than on Monday. Egyptian and other inferior sorts have been comparatively neglected, ~é bare cheap : e though offered re- In quotations of town made flour no el curred, nor has the demand been by “a po ag American flour has met with a moderate share of at- tention, but former rates have not been exceeded, 375 to 38s per barrel paren extreme rates for the beet brands on Friday. e arrivals of flour from the Uni- ted States have been rather liberal,which has tended to keep prices steady. ‘The operations in barley have again been on a strictly retail scale. Of English hardly any has come to mar- ket, and the finer sorts have been held firmly at former terms. Some further supplies of Fay tian and other low qualities have come forward; ani there have been offered at very low rates, much difficulty has been experieneed in thelr disposal. ¢ business done in malt has been on a strictly ra- tail seale, and no change has oceurred in the value of the article. The arrivals of British grown oats have been scanty in the extreme, only 56 quarters having been received from our own coast, none from Scotland, and 800 qrs. from Ireland. ‘The receipts from abroad have, mean- while, been moderate; and it would appear that the Rign cargoes are mostly in, The dealers having, however, bought pretty Pay of late, have conducted their opera- tions cautiously this week. On Wednesday the pur- chases were mostly by countrymen, and the demand Was not sufficiently extensive to enable sellers to esta- blish an advance. "On Friday, however, 6d to Is per qr. more was asked, and pretty generally paid, for Riga and othes good foreign corn. ere has been rather more doing in beans, and prices of both English and Egyptian have tended ‘upwards. Peas have been neglected ; and in the absence of busl- ness, prices have undergone no chang. &e., for Drury Lune, te give everything—tragedy, come: dy, opera, ballet, farce, concert, we, eee It is rumored that preparations are in progress to give English operas on a vory extensive scale, at Drury ane Theatre; under whose direction has not yet been made public, EIMr. Rooke, the composer of‘ Amilie,” Ke., lies danger- ously ill, with very little hopes af his recovery. At Manehester, Jenny Lind has only demanded £1000 for three nights; and in London the on dit is that she receives £800 for two nights in Edinburgh. _A letter frem Constantinople, of the 9th instant, men- tions, that two hours after the arrival of M. Lists in that capital, the Sultan had invited to his palace the celebrated pianist, who had the honor of playing seve- ral pieces in presence of his highness. Mademoiselle Rachel made her first appearance this season, at the St. James’s Theatre, London, as Camille in the tragedy of “Les Horaces.”’ It was a splendid tri- umph of histrionic genius. A London paper speaking of the Jenny Lind mania, says, that beyond tho transient excitement created by the visit of of the Grand Duke Constantine, nothing is at present heard of in Manchester, save the approaching appearance of the “Swedish Nightingale.” Proverbially staid and business like as Manchester men are gencrally counted, they, for the nonce, appear to have overcome their usual upathy, and to have worked themselves into 4 perfec! furore of excitement and dalighttul expectancy, which, in these “dog day,” has become alarming. ‘Truly may some of them be pronounced to be in a rabid state. By ten o'clock on Saturday morning the box office door of the theatre was surrounded by an assemblage of some 200 or 300 gentlemen, all waiting to take tickets and places to hear and see the bewitching cantatrice, who has already turned the heads of half the population of the metropolis. When the doors were opened the rush was terrific, and the most untiring exertions of two full grown ‘policemen scarcely saved the place from being carried by storm. As fast as the crowd was permitted to enter, their numbers were swelled from behind, until at last the crush and overpowering heat became so utterly oppressive, that many gentlemen actually fainted away and were borne off by the police in attendance. Never was such anxiety manifested here before, in favor of any t_ Indian corn does not appear to increase in favor with he inhabitants of the metropolis, and the sale in this market is very restricted. So little has been done in article since our last that we can soarcely give its precise value, but 46s. per qr. would pro} - treme price for the beat. Pee he Ge From the continent of Europe the raports as to the weather and the crops are almost universally of a favor- character, In some of the southern countries, con- siderable progress had been made ; indeed, in Italy and the south of France the crops may be said to have been secured. From these places, as well as from those where reaping had not yet been commenced, we learn that = very ubundant yield was calculated on; but stocks batng, all but exhausted, prices had been well main- wined. A letter from Marseilles, dated 10th of July, informs us that the stock of corn, which had only a month be- fore consisted of 1,500,000 charges, had, ,* consequence of the enormous country demand, been reduced to be- tween 300,000 and 400,000 charges. and it was expected that the supplies which might still como forward from. the Black Sea would meet a ready sale. From Ancona we learn, under date 3rd _inst., that the harvest had been finished in that neighborhood, and that samples of the new crop had been brought forward of very fine quality. ‘Theso had been taken by local consumers, at prices equal to 34s. to 383. 10d. per qr. free on board. From the Baltic the accounts are very dull this week, but the extreme scuxcity of wheat had prevented prices falling 6o much as they otherwise might have dom At Danzig, on the 10th of July, prices ranged from 608 to 688. per qr free on board, and at these rates about 950 lusts had changed hands during the week. ‘The advices from Rostock, Stettin, Konigaberg, &e arc without the slightest ‘interest. At theme, ‘plac hardly any wheat is, we are informed, left in the gra- naries; and the supplies from growers having nearly ceased, the business transacted had been on « strictly retail seule, and prices had become almost momal- nal. Such seems also to have been the case at Hamburg,but the extreme scarcity of wheat had rendered holders un- willing to accept below 828. up to 86s. per qr. for good parcels of red on the spot. ‘The following were the fluctuations in the average price of wheat during the six weeks ending Saturday, july 10:— vocalist or actress, ‘Those who could maintain their ground amidst the dense crowd, did so witha pa- tience and spirit of martyrdom, quite anfusing, even to the absolute sucrifice of their coat tails, which, in the struggle, were torn from them. And all this continued up 'to four o'clock in the after- noon, crowds pushing and fighting their way, without in- termission. up to that late hour. ‘To some ‘extent, but only for # short time, the same scene was re-enacted on Monday, the demand for tickets and places being quite as great for an hour or two. ‘he Swedish Nightingale will appear at the Manchester Theatre Royal for four nights instead of two, aa before announced. | ‘'he nights are Saturday, Wednesday, ‘Tuesday and Friday, a repe- tition of the two operas being given in the previous or- der, viz: “Sonnambula,” on Saturday and Wednesday, and “La Figlia del Reggimento” on the two latter nights ‘This arrangement was made in consequence of the yreat enquiry for tickets, and now places will be allotted for either opera on application by letter. She is about to do the conjugal, with a relative of Mr George Grote, the classical and radical banker, and late M. P, for London The King of Sweden has created Thalberg a Knight of the Order of Wasa, Mr, Jullien signed a lease for three years for Drury- lane Theatre. ‘The house is to be splendidly decorated, and the present intention ia to give promenade concerts, the legitimate drama, and English opera, with a first rate band and chorus. The Corn Trade of Europe. {From the Mark Lane Express, July 19.] Since Friday night a change has taken place in the weather, but the intense heat previously experienced, forced the growing grain crops rapidly forward, and i some very early localities the sickle has already been brought into operation. Last night we had tliunder showers in this neighborhood, and to-day (Saturday) the weather has a decidedly unsettled appearance; should rain set in, which is not improbable after so long a period of dry weather, harvest operations would be de- layed; and even if this should not be the case, reaping can scarcely be general in the southern parts of the kingdom till the end of the m@nth. In proportion as the wheat crop has progressed to maturity, the reports of the probable yield have become less favorable; and, instead of the extraordinary abundance a short time ago calculated on, strong doubts are beginning to be en- tertained whether the produce will prove an usual ave- rage. ‘The cause of the expected deficiency is the re- ported prevalence ef blight and red gum; and if these disorders are really so general as represented, it would afford sufficient grounds for a less favorable estimate of the probable result of the wheat harvest than that previously entertained being taken. We are, how- ever, disposed to think that it is yet too early to form anything like a definite opinion’ on this important subject; but thet injury may have been done to the wheat plant by the coldnights experienced in June is by no means unlikely. Barley and oats are generally well spoken of, and we have heard no complaints re- specting peas ; but the bean crop is said to have been #0 extensively attacked by the black fly as to render it doubtful whether it will yield more than three-fourths of acrop, Inregard to potatees we are sorry to Hy that the accounts have again become unfavorable; so little appears, however, to be really known of the cha- racter of the disease of the last two seasons, that rumers of its reappearance should be received with extreme caution. , ‘Tho trade in wheat has throughout the week main- tained a decidedly firm tone; not tho slightest inclina- tion has, however, been shown to enter into speculative investments—indeed, ull parties have exercised extreme caution in their operations, only buying sufficient to carry on their usual trade for a limited period. The insignificance of the deliveries from the growers has, therefore, in our opinion, had more to do with the ad- vance which has taken place in prices than the reported injury sustained by the wheat crop. ‘i’hat the stocks of home grown wheat are all but exhausted is tolerably evident, from the fact that buyers from districts usually furnishing supplies for London, Liverpool, and the other they could obtain foreign, and shipments on an exten- sive eoale are now in progress at th east and west coast; besides which, large quantities are being transported into the interior by railway, At Liverpool the case is the samo; and most of the purchases made there of late have beon by distant bay ers, The advices from thence of Tuesday inform us that # good business was done on that occasion in wheat, at prices 3d. per 701bs. ebove those curre se’nnight; but on Friday the country demand seems to have somewhat slackened, and a portion of the ab quoted rise was again lost, Flour was likewive ous! buy, but at an abatement of 2s. per bri. large sales might have been made. From Scotland, we learn that the grain crops were considered promising, but in regard to potatoes the re- ports are not favorable, unequivocal symptoms of th much-dreaged disorder having, it is stated, made their appearance, é Similar st ments have also reached us within the last few days from Ireland ‘These reports, c do from different parts of the countr; I from parties who in many instance denied, only a week or two ago, that any cause existed for apprehension, certainly affords evidence that the lant is not exhibiting #0 satisixctory an appearance as t did in the early part of the month. Good suppiles of new potatoes are, nevertheless, coming forward, the qual- ity superior touny obtainable at this time last year; from which it would seem that the early kinds have at all events escaped, whatever may be the fate of the late varieti The arrivals of home grown wheat into London con- tinue to fall of week after week, and the quantity re- orted up to this (Saturday) evening amounts to only 280 qre. Meanwhile very litle has been brought ward wt Mark Lane by land carriage samples from the neighboring counties, and the millers have experienced nome difficulty in securing a suMeient quantity of freeh English wheat for mixing with the foreign On Wed- nesday the Eaeex, Kent and Suffolk stands were nearly bare; and so little businers was consequently dene as scarcely to warrant alteration in quotations, but that needy buyers had to pay a trifle over Monday's currency is certain, On Friday thore was absolutely no wheat of home growth on sale; the operations were therefore ne- cessarily unimportant, and, in the absence of business, quotations remai ally as in the beginning of the week o come pretty free i Rk large proportion of this supply is again of inferior quality, and mech of it {a such indifferent condition as to be unfit for immediate use Really goud qualities have been in fair request, principally for transit iio the interior; and, though our own millers have aeted on the reverve, rather » considerable amount of business has been dono. sales made on Wednesday were at about previous pri but later in the week Danang the fuer descriptions of red wheat, brought a trifle more large consuming towns, have visited the porta where nis port both for the ton that day | Imrentar Averaa: WW Week Eni ‘heat. June Sth, . 99 10 June 12th 88:10 June 19th: +7 June 26th, :ot July 3d, aol July toch a2 3 ite average of the si which regulates thi 67 56 10 3 381 3 MT The Journal of the Ministry of the Interior for June, (published at St. Petersburgh) contains the foilowing article: —" The failure of the corn crop and the potato disease produced last year in many parts of Europe. and especially in Ireland, England. France, and Northern Germany, a searcity which has been constantly increaa- ing since the autumn, ‘This calamity oppresses the peo- ry heavily,and men of science in vain strive to de- me means that willsupply the place of bread. All the propssed schemes are merely available on paper, and it would be in vain if, in order to check the use of flour, the sale of new bread were to be prohibited (which, it is alleged, is consumed in larger quantities than old] will never be possible to satisfy ten pereons with a sup. ply only sufficient for half tbat number. All these arii- ficial resources lead to nothing, and the poorer portion of the population,without means to support themselves, and impelled by despair, proceed to perpetrate acta of violence, or perish by thousands, as in Ireland, for ex- ample. For the averting of this scarcity. the various Governments of Europe have adopted energetic mea- sures. That of Great Britain has allowed the free im- portation of corn from the Ist of February of the cur- Tent year until the lvt of September; and in France the duty'on corn and flour has been considerably reduced until the 31st of July inst. In like manner, the duties on grain in Belgium, Yotmnd, Hanover, Oldenburg, Hol- stein, Bavaria, Wurtemburg, Baden, Rhenish Prussia, and Westphalia, are either-altogether abolished, er very considerably reduced. In Naples, the exportation of corn is prohibite: id the same in the kingdom of Sardinia, where, at the same time, the duty upon imported corn has been greatly reduce Under these circumstances, Russia, which, in the pros perous years of 1845 and 1846 had laid up considerable stores of grain, was compelled to serve as the chief mar- ket of the countries menaced by famine; and, in fact, the exports of corn during the paxt, as well as the orders for the current, year were unusually large. From South- ern Russia upwards of 3,000,000 chetwerts of grain were shipped off last year, and 1,500,000 chetwerts, which had wintered in various ports of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azoph, had already been bought up abroad before the opening of this year's navigation. In Odessa the de- mand was 40 considerable, that the prices of wheat rose in February from 9 silver roubles 90 copecks to 11 rou- bles 90 copecks per chetwert—an event which had not occurred xince the year 1817. ‘These high prices also caused this unusual appearance, that the corn lwas brougnt to Odessa in winter wagons with horses and oxen. In this month there were already sold upwards of 2,000,000 chetwerts of grain from the government of Now Russia and the surrounding districts. From Arch- angel, 330,000 chetwerts of rye, 251,000 chetwerts of oats, and $35,000 poods of rye meal were exported last year. Riga shipped, during the year, 263,000 chetwerts of rye. At the same time missions for considerable supplies were given in both places for the year 1847,— From St. Petersburgh, 550,000 chetwerts of rye, 62,000 of Adivegs and about 60,000 chetwerts of oats, and 14,000 barrels of 1ye meal were shipped in 1446 to Ei Holland, Belgium, and the German ports, Even bawes the re-opening of this year’s navigation, there were here purchased for shipment at the end of January about 326,000 chetwerts of rye, 300,000 of outs, 175,000 of wheat, and about 360,000 sacks of rye, destined for Ire- taad—altogsthes about 2,000,000 chetwerts of grain Such considerable purchases of corn on the Exchang: of this city, snd the increasing scarcity in those coun- tries, justitied the expectation of a still further demat from ubroad; and the consequence of this must nm sarily be a rise of prices in St. Potersburgh. 80 it happened, and that, moreover, to an extent which was wholly disproportionate to the supplies on hand ; for, apart from the stores of grain in the capital, the arrival of the supplies of grain laid up on this and the oth Je of Rybinsk, as well as in that town. itself, was looked for. These stores are, however, so consider- able, that after making provision for the capital, and deducting the quantities ordered for foreign countries, « jarge residuary surplus remains available. Notwit standing this, the prices for corn are here on thy spot almost doubled. In order, then, to guard against the prejudicial effect of such high prices on the sale of bread jn the capital, the Minister of the interior, after consult- ing with the representative of the military governor of St. Petersburgh, has ordered that to the poor of this city meal shail shall be delivered from the Crown. axines at 5 roubles 30 copecks per chetwert ; to the bakers, however, to each 26 chetwerts at a time, at the price of Geilver roubles. The last mentioned measure is based upon the consideration that very few of the inhabitants of St. Petersburgh bake their bread at home, but for the most part atisfy their demands at the bakers and mall dealers. These bakers inust, therefore, be placed in @ position to be able to fix AvEwAGY the price of bread, without fluctuation, at 6 cop] co. pecks per Ib. On'the other hand, the corm dealers of this city have expressed a general wish to Iny aside » one-tenth part of the supplies accruing to them, in order to gell to the inhabitants of St. Petersburgh at’ the fol- lowing prices, viz -—Iye ineal at 6 roubles 50 copecks per barrel; oats, at 3 roubles 75 copecks ; buckwheat, at 6 roubles per chebwert. Now, a8 a considera*e arri- val of grain is expected here—as upwards of $500,000 chetwerts have been shipped off from the various river porta, there is no reason to fear that the price in this market will be maintained, or that afurthor rise will take place. this, to th it might be expected that consumers. unprofitable rise of prices would © ® beneficial intlaence on the intecests of the husbandian in the corn-growing districts. ‘This, however, has not ion the case; for whilst bere, in St. Vetersburgh, the sack of rye meal is sold at 8 silver rou bles. the chetwert of wheatat 14 roubles 30 copecks, and oats at 6 roubles per chetwert, prices have hardly risen at all in the lower districts. It thence follows that the Profit, which was the peculiar due of the producer, has gone, and is #1 going, into the pockets of the chant alone. How is this striking phenomenon in @ politien-economieal point of view to be explained, and how comes it that the rise of the market prices has had scarcely any influence upon tke price of corn at the place vf prouuction? Wherefore have prices only risen Vo un insigniteaut extent in the cora-growing districts, whilst in St Petersburgh they have been doubled? The Pripeipal reason ts, thar our husdandmen, regardless of their own protit, have not taken the least trouble to as the transmarine trade and the St. Petersburgh toarket; the buyers are thereby placed in a position to fix the prices most profits able to themselves, and to buy up the corn far below the