The New York Herald Newspaper, May 23, 1847, Page 1

Vol. XIII. No. 149—-Whole No. 4732. THE NEW YORK HERALD ESTABLISHMENT, North-west corner of Fulton apd Nasgau sts. mA QD AATE VPLS "RAY EXANG ° THE acto’ Cah ——————————— EMIg ER LINE JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR ce, 0 South street, New von e® ‘ * | The miberibergoutinueo forward Enmigraats and others ta ollie. re ven 1 COROULATIORBOREY SROURAND. | pinst MAREE OF CRON.” ssDAILY HERALD— very day, Price 3 conta per copy —8) dipats Rochester, Buffalo and Pittsburgh eos Pines vin si PAL OK RUROPE—Every ‘ Packet day— sdasky, Hotnen oaros S F Copy—F3 um, payal 3 if HOLIDAY ER ALI D=Pablisbed ob the Ustof January and | Silat Southport! lat of Joly of cack Sr qtinale copies rixpence h. Chicago, Pottsville, ADVERTISEMENTS, scue eanal pe Pittsburg, Pa. Portsmouth, Ohio. A.V uce. Advertisements should be written Parkersburgh, maisville, Ky. manne The Proprietor will not be Lou's, ubuque," rv ma. i TINTING Fatt kinds executed beentitally and with When qeecu. a DY al, sree toe ka Toronto, awieh: ishment, must be post paid Postage ‘And all other j i Ateted tram the enhecriotion money remitted any part ofthe West or Canada re deral eesti on i s{lORSE, WAGON, AND HAR At their General Emigration ne 7 RSE, W a wath street, New. York. fate underthe saddle, and canbe recommended i | _ Tapsco grants’ Travelling Guide can be had on ap Europe: "iss Weaos sed’ Hisensge ears, bee bee fs rteation, fee, ——____ wn ere ‘irinns i Loree, ears | OPERANEY RAT HRRAR ABNER RGA de etter beet on ee Peaclanlers spely at Fare $0 cente—Breakfustand Dinner on Boasd, CANADL ing, obout fuurteen han ircus Pony, agood trotter, FOR SALE, fa PONY, 5 years old th high: would make ag Tent Fucker, ean rack um bout three minutes, an in ind and gentle in al del amer ME‘ SThaseebb nears Hts . » A. M., fro ‘arren street, touching at Hammond street Di dle hi harness, and war- new AMS, store, No, 3 MeDoug sl street, or of F.C. Cain, Spring Cart | six, A. M., ‘from the pier foot of Warren street, touching at man, stands corner iway and Canal street. mya03tr Hammond street ier. wets a WATCHES) at wholesale only—Louis Perret, No or passage or fi SBply on board the Boats, or to Geo. 43 Johnstreet, upstairs importarand agent for ‘several | Dobson, at the oftce, 1 Warren street, comer of, Wert street, count of the owners. my19 rh OPPOSITION PASSAGE OFFICE—TO ,,Utien, $1 50; Syracuse, $2; Oswego, fal ; TO LET—Possession given immediately—Offices fu | land, $4.50; Detroit Sor Miliretice | She ics to beers Gia theptmilding Nui 74 Fulton street _Applyeto JAMES cinnact, $85 orouta, and Hamilton, $4; Whitehall, '$2; Mont- : int ing, or ta real $4; Pitsburg. - BROWN, BROTHERS & CO. ites, 10 Bards street, S iacome No. $9 Wallstreet. | | Any sgeurty requited wil be given forthe falfiment of all 7 a tracts made with this company, a fimily. Alb, Honma wi Be fata Tent ele mis Im*re ML. RAW, Agent, New York, 187. eutlemen, “The situation is very desirable, bevog lees PEOPLE'S LINE STEAMBOATS FOR ik of '. iT to be mad 3 J Seri any iiss Gurbes ac bak te BAN Buy, Bananye «Racer m2 2*rr0 the Pler between Conttandsend Liters see. > om fr between Corn i . jeg, TO LET—The ivenew BRICK HOUSES, a Har | | Steamboat ISAAG NEWTON, Cape, Wine H. Peck, will sim simus, near Jersey fifteen minutes walk from | leave on Monday, Wednesday tnd ‘Friday evenings,’ at 6 tise fotry. ‘The Houses are three stories, with basements, | o'clock. Rend in good style, with marble maitir” grates, Ke plexes | © Steatiboat HENPRICK HUDSON, Capt. RG. Crutten- ig Rous, “ene fow. iC mvniied for immediately.” Maguive of | den, will eave on polar, Pherae cad Bererdag’ scfelees, H. M. Traphagen, Near the premises. mya ter até o’clock. At Five O'Clock, P. M—Landing at Intermediate Places— te QBb eisaiaboe ako ART mage wien | Mi Som tent can be obtained in Park Place House by plving to" ISRAEL 8. TUCKER: — mal atere” | Steamboat a ICA Caran, Be Farry APARTMENTS TO LET, handsomely furnished, | noons lock, or unfurnished, at 31 North Moore street. Stetmboat SOUTH AMERICA, Capt. N. Hulse , will m3 7t#re < leave on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday afternoons, at 5 bove boats will at all times arrive in Albany in ample it or West. ei il he, LET.—A desirable location for a manufactory, fait The promises between toch and 46th street ou the bauks of artle Bays" BP k for the Moming Cars for the Raa aos tomslatiog of 14 ov ibicts CU asoana walitonslonntes tata orfteigh taken ‘at moderate rates, and none taken after 4% two story double house, ice houses a five well NE eet dha cals dese hiek oe ate large substantiat e pean and can now be used as will be rented with the premises,in b Food order. and ready for immediate use, Some along aide aad make fast, it renders "These premises will be rented for a term of years. Posses: ion 1 i + Apply t sion immediately. PP WARD C, WEST, : mi3iw*e No. 35 Wall street, third story. HAMILTON HOUSE, at the Narrows near Fort e Subse: fit Hamilton, L. |. to inform his 4 friends and the publ favorite place of resort {Tuo open for line, without a written order from the captains or agents. Pc. to P. C. 7 rh Ke cht, apply on board the boats, gue and now in | sCHULTA.at the office onthe whan en myrT FI the premises highly MORNING LINE AT SEVEN O'CLOCK. FOR ALBANY AND TROY and Interme- ings, ‘Breakfast and Dinner on board the Boat. ressure steamboat TROY, Captain A. Gorham, steamboat pier foot of Barclay street, Mondays, d Fridays, at seven o'clock. ‘Returning ou F "freight, board, . B, Hall, she oe on tie what” “7I7 8 beard orto FB Sigh at NEW YORK, SUNDAY MORNING, MAY 23, 1847. SUBSTANCE OF THE SPEECH oF THE HON. THOMAS H. BENTON. Delivered at St. Louls, May 13, 1847, {From the Bt. Louis Union, May 14.) Mr. Benton eommenced with returning his thanks for the honor which had been done him in the invitation to a public dinner, on the part of his political friends. He had declined the honor of the dinner in conformity to@rule which he had long followed ; and as for the #peech which would have been expected at the dinner table, he preferred to make it under circumstances which would prevent no one from hearing it who choose to do him the honor to listen to it. Great sub- jects have occupied the public mind—eventful questions ad received their solution—in the last two or three years of his public service, on all of which he had been ‘called to act a decided, and even # prominent part, and on each of which it was natural for him now tosay some thing. The m question was one of these, At one time big with all the calamities of war, it was now hushed in repose, and the country tranquil and happy under its aceful settlement, His own course in relation to it ed been consistent and uniform from beginning to ending. He had opposed the joint occupation treaty of 1818 as soon as it was made: he opposed ite renewal in 1828 ; he had constantly labored for its termination ever since; and always held the parallel of 49 to be the prope dividing line between the American territory of regon and the British territory of Frazer's river. But the public mind, and especially the mind of his own pads had been worked up to a different view of our rights. Fifty-four forty, and all, or none, had become our cry: war was the British answer to that! and although a threat of war would be no bar to a rightful demand, yet in answer to # wron, one, it was very serious. He believed the wholo demand of the United States to be wrongful, s0 far as it applied to Frazer's river, which happened to run through the whole territ from fifty- four forty, to forty-nine, and to have been discovered by the British in 1793, and covered by thelr forts since 1806. ‘The administration had taken high ground: the party sustained it; butit was an occasion which re- quired a public man to rise above party, and to look to his country alone. He had resolved to do so, and to go for forty-nine, even if it should cost him his political ex. istence. This determination, though not formally pro- mulgated was no seoret, and was early enough made known to his friends, and to the administration. From the first explosion of the question in April, 1845—from the first reverberation of the thunder which came roll- ing back from London in answer to the President's in- augural address—he had made known his opinions to the Secretary of Stato, and informed him he shoul sup- port a treaty upon the line of forty-nine, if the Presi. dent made one upon that basis. From that det smina- tion he had never swerved. His friends thought there was great danger to him in the course he took: he him- self did not think there was so much. He knew his con- stituents had been wrought up to fifty-four forty, but he relied upon their equity and intelligence, to give hima fair hearing and a deliverance. He paid the: the compliment to rely upon their justice and inte ence, and the event had not deceived him. ‘I'he boun- dary was settiod ‘at forty-nine’ The Boah kept their river, and we kept ours. War was averted. Great Bri- tain and the United States remain at peace: he and bis conatitutents were at peace: and long might they all emain so. The settlement of this question, Mr. B. went on to sa; had cleared away the only remaining difference betwoos the two kindred nations. It left them not only at peace, but without a remaining cause of quarrel. For the first time since the stamp act of 1764, the two nations were now without @ cause of quarrel. For the first time in nearly three generstions of men, the two grand divisions of the Anglo Saxon race—the mother stock in Great Britain, and its gigantic progeny in our America—were without a cause of dissension : and to crown this happy it com Bsithout Will cottenssreanien toon: due 16th of May, Stages leave Fulton ferry, Brooklyn, at 10 A.M., and AVTERNQON LINE, pane R NEWBURG) 7 f Haga Yew Cone Peet West THOMAS MEINELL, nding at Van Cortand’s, (Feskaki Fort Hamilton, May 5, 1847. m6 2w*re r ont, o}d Spring an orn . The Steam- PAVILION, NEW BRIGH? $2 Thames Powell, ape. Gem. Johnson, will leave the pier PI y afternoon ‘at 4 o’clock, commencing an 10. tek gremmiy Led o'clock. ht of every descripti nraing—will leay® Newburgh meuts in this establishment since the ‘erect N. Ball. age and Frei, ription, Bank eda large building, containing thirty. r00! er | Bills or Specie, put on board of this boat, must be at the risk of disconnected from the main body of the pa these | the owner thereof unless entered on the books of the boat or re- rooms are intended for gentlemen only; they are of a comforta- | ceipted for. myl3 30t*re ble size, light, and well ventilated, and superior in all respects to.thore generally denominated single rooms in the various NOTICE. watering laces thro out the country. _ ens ' Or wahe Proprietor isnow ready to treat Age F Samiliog or: parses SEE ADNAN, AE yh feats ishing to fe rooms for the seasor E: il im atthe City fiotel, Broadway, will receive immediate a | ‘unas follows, mS LEH and STATEN ISLANDER will tion. : uid gigamboat runs between New York and New Brighton, at | At 6, 8, 9, 0, 1i, Ac Bhavand 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 7, P.M. ¢ followi From New Briton and 11 A.M, and 2 and 5:20PM. | 4¢ 7, 9, 10, 11, A.M.,and 1,2, ten minutes past 9, and at 4, 5 From pier No. 1 North River, New York—At 9 A. M.and 12 6,7, o'clock, PM. a M, and $34, 5 and 6. Me and inore frequent communications New York April 13th. al3r will be esttblished as the seazon advances, SaNTES aos gt H cow ready for the reception of Comrenys, BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN s — s ROYAL MAIL STEAM SHIP, 1200 tons FOR SALE—WESTCHESTER LAND —To gep- and 430 horse power each, under contract itlemen in want of sites for Country Seats—To Market with the}Lords of the Admirality. jeners in, want of irdens; and to all persons by HIBE: i the nei ‘af New Yi CAL soo acres of Laud jn the town of Wegichester, wi of passig Biase sehen sheets Soe si Ee taining from five 'to fifty acres each. ‘The li pre fifteen minutes walk of the railroad; front on good roads; are "RAE. NIAGARA, in the neighborhood of schools, and churches of different de- THE EUROPA." i he water is good, and location healthy. Title from Liverpool are the indisputable. “Terms moderate, Apply to 19, 1847 GOUVERNEUR RIS, 0a ity igerinaniny Je gstehenter Co.—or to athe) WALTER RUTHERFORD, Counsellor, June 1, 1847 mis 30t*r 79 Nassau street, New Yor! Hibernia... + June 16, 1947 ? 7ORTE, &e.—A f Sambria,.. uly 1, 1847 “oy ans ft, Or Plane ‘ortes ‘foreaieor ‘shee ers’ luggage must be On board the day previous to ments, at No, 268 Washington money—From Boston to Liverpool, $120, do do to sical . near Myrtle Avenue, Brooklyn. bs m20 30. re ‘0 be J. WALKER. BESSONG ON THE PIANO FORTE. les troeree font aves rani if endian ee: more pupils, if immediate a pitcation be made at her house, No. 37 Six street, between Avenues C and D. 2 ii have no objection, if desirable, to attond her pupils at itceen Dol- eons. don days of sailing. any other information, apply to D. BRIGHAM, Jr., Agent, cabins x ALHARNDEN & COS, 6 ale, 1 7-In addition to the above line between Liverpool ‘an Halifax, and Boston, @contract has been entered into with Her Maeuys Rrra, to establish a line between and New York di i irect. The steamships for thi Rae Sirelte’ Léepous for Five Dollars, or servic Jars per Quarter—three leasona each js im*re nm %, ~ wl) and Ci} 4 next yerr a tevle will be gi yo eee ¢ 7, | ofthe time when they will start. Under the new cont ARCH john street, where nature's song | ¢¥¢TY fortnight dui other mont rear. ar al is only’ to be obtained from | temmately between Liverpool and oston, and be Boe Ose ad the Neh. tween Liverpool and New York. m2 r ing Charles Spaniels, Italian Greyhounds, Get | OCEAN STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY. pei Perrsonntinns apd every variety of fhacy Dags; U, 8, MAIL LINE TO COWES, AND SOUTH- AMPTON, AND BREMEN. THE nie new steamship WASH- INGTON, 1750 tons burthen, Frederick Hewitt, Commander, will start from New York on the Ist Juue next, carrying the United States iter Bou to land and freight, and deliver the maile for England, France and Bel 10 id, will at all times meet with prompt attention from A. VE, 5 John street. N. e Four Isle of Sky Terriers, imported expressly. a SAXONY CANARIES, of the bell note aud Night- ingale song, long breed, aud other rare and valuable irda; fancy aud other cages; bird seeds of all descrip. tigns, Ke., Ke. King Charles Spaniels, Kuglish aud Scotch Terrier (ar HS tN STON, 29 Brondway, one d . 5 . ‘oor irom A_'T Stewart & Co.'s dry goods store. m4 ltr OOK AT FHIS. lot of Gentlemen’s Li gy ge thy city and will Be son ss the low mest eve men er Shoes, and. all the Afferent kinds of Boots ud, Shoes, Ladies, you ill, find in ‘ q 7 Boot Mi ee ere aud Giimperateybite Gnd black matin dar eens id ae $130 inds ad sizes, Mistes’ and Childrens Boots and | giecond chess i iit been Boys’ Hoots, Gaiters, Shoes aud Slippers of all the | according to the nature of the offering. All letters comer of Franklin street. NL CAHILE.. | Mut pass through the pose ofice. Parcels, for which bills BCountry merchants supplied by the package or dozen, | %fadine will bei pPly at present ‘at ‘the ‘ofiee of the ap2 Im*r Company at E. Mills, General “gj, REMOVED FROM 323 GRAND ST REE: York. William street. . M_D. , Fi 1-DAY, CROSKEY & ROSS. to. 178 Bowery. Mrs. M_D. Hodge, First Pre- wgmpon—DAY, CROSKEY & ROSS miam,Drese makes and first premtm Strnw hat yufacturer, invites the public to inspect her: Gicaed Straw Hats’ Dreases, Flowers: flibbous, ete.s at 178 jowery. rom her i7 years experience in this city, and past Havre—WILLIAM ISELIN. ‘The second steamer of the line is indue course of construe on, and will be in readiness in the ensuing fall a2) im-r in efforts to please, she hopes to merit and recei we patronage FOR LIVERPOOL—Only regular Packet of the f her fiends and the public. TY lr } tN SB. Straw Hats cleaned and altered. ‘The trade supplied Preket ship SHE ase cua, ious, Cope Corman, will sail positively on the 26th of May. The accom- modations for Cabin, 2ad Cabin and steerage passengers are un- surpassed by any other vessel in port ; an umber of ngers are already engaged, tl rot ion on board, foot of erths should make street, or to EPH McMURRAY, Comer of Pine and South streets. NOTICE —Packet Ship GARRICK Pool, is di chaning under general order, at is wharf, foot of Wall street. All goods not permitted will positively be sent to the Public Store. m22r NEW LINE OF PACKETS TO LIVERPOOL The splendid? rorite packet ship SHERIDAN, ( rn HHiners aud dress makers wanted. m8 2w*re MHS. M. WILSON, 291 Grand sireet, respectiuily un f friends, ne strangers visiti e city, that she has now on. hands large and very. handsome arly appli 1 to which she assortment of | Spring i imyites their attention, Mrs. Wilson's stock comprises it of the richest aud most fashionable Hats, such ip.Crape, Rice, and Shirred, with a choice assortment of ‘which she flatters herself’ can be sold more reason: than at'any other extablishment inthe city. Country Mill will do well to call befbre purcharings » areeen bitte and Gechr ws ers 4 ii ted at the above establishment. 1100 bea Shand feet newt Serine fees eet, HATS, SPRING STYLE. Aecommodations are unequalled for comfort and, conveusence, BANTA, No. 94 Canal street, and No. 130 Chatham st, | Those about proceeding to Eu wishing to send His Moleskin and Nutria Fur Hats at $3, and onli for their friends to come out in thi iid packet, should es $3 50 for his first q ine Nutria Hats.— | make early application on foot of Wall street, or to , \t ing the appear Ww. APSCOTT, 96 South st hats. Gentlemen wishing | m22r 2d door below Bu lip crifice of comfort or appearance, will plea eitee mit NOTICE The public. are exutioned not to trust le rew of the ci Son: SUR Pee hetrraes fens oe Meech tase er, fare Dublin, es ng: Sebta af The ents ive paid by the captain or c Ire ontigmee: MtcMURRAY. GENTLEMEN'S HATS-SUMMER STYLES— | — ma PORK COSTAR r Bees ‘good ship or bark, to load fore laters, No. 156 Broadway, will ou Betardey parts isch ladane, tele Fossioee for port, Apppl Ii peric wot Pr fies gular beontyt onl fave: FOR _HAyEE ce LIN, tmthe,_mate uniting beauty and dura. Dey wth ines ad comfort tothe’ wearer, Kai EBB 8 eons ie ltr ete ies trimmed in a new and elegant manner, i to dScraw Hate and Gaps for Gents, Youths WM. N akebliness wt! myl5 8t%e myl4 BOYD & MINCKEN, ~NOTICE—The British big AGILE, Capain FOR HAVRE—The superior French Small, from Corky, is now ready t0 receive, cargo at TONTA, Capt, Con area Sarco ‘iver, agreeable to charter party, URELGE kor eR, of For further particulars, apply to the captain on board, or to mid YD INCKEN, Brokers. JOSEPH MeMURRAY, _m20 6tr 69 South street. ROR FALE—The hall of vewel just ianehed ‘at Raha A ies, ‘Tons; 06 feet on dock, 23 feet beara, ones answer for canal, river, or coast service. Inquire of Subscribers, at Rahway, New Jersey, ay peor on yee na je Regular o s pio ris ts eae otteae" 7 . 1600 tons burthen, wil il as above, her regular da LURPEEY For freight or passage, wae large and comfort a6 Im*r ble state rooms aud cabin, apply to the Captain on board, at NOTICE —The public, ate cautioned not to trast fp trast Hee ee WS SOHULL & MINTURN, 87 South st. the erew of the British brig SCOTLA, Capt, Burnet, Passage $100 . ne no debts of their contracting will be paid by the ne preket ship HOTTINGUER, 1050 tons burthen, Capt. ira Bursey, willsuceeed the Comtitutions aud talon et J. MeMURRAY. regularday. my3 me) PST ltt, fons heaey FOR LIVERPOOL—New Line eal} ve ri ai Siding lng ay | Sa sana | 6. Be ‘ : met tail as above, NOTICE—All forind the ele or a mma | MB sro fee te"h ILE aka dations, apply on “ W mos —_ aes of Contracting sail be rai Ha "price of pyssage 675 ma00 io Bouth eet, state—to give to peace its highest ornament, and noblest occupation, and to friendship its most enduring cement, & calamitous visitation in a part of the British empire has called forth all the sympathies of the human heart on the side of one nation, and all gratitude from the other. Ireland famishes. ‘Succor and sympathy fly to her from the United States; and the swelling tide of gratitude comes rolling back from the whole British empire. ‘This is something better than being at war with each other— at war for Frazer’s river, under the sad delusion that it was a part of Oregon! He thanked God that he had been an instrument in aiding to avert this calamity, and in peoaneing th Present happy state between the nations H and he thanked his constituents for approving his con- duct in going for their future good instead of their pre- sent wishes. Tre annexation of Texas, and its sequence, the pre- sent wur with Mexico, was another of the great subjects on which he had been called to act within the last few years. ‘This great drama Mr, B. said divided itself into Many acts, and covered a long space of time, during all which he ‘had been an actor in it, and he hoped a con- sistent and prudent one. He considered this drama as beginning in 1819, when Mr. Monroe's cabinet ceded ‘Texas to Spain. It was then given away ; and if it had not been given away, there could have been no war with Mexico about getting it back. He denounced that trea in many newspaper articles as soon as it was made, an vowed at the time unceasing efforts to get Texas back.— Mr. Adams’ administration with Mr. Clay, Secretary of State, presented the first opportunity to make the effort for its recovery. Mr. Clay, as a member of the House of Representatives, had severely condemned the treaty which gave away ‘Texas. Mr. Adams had opposed that article of the sreaty at the council table where the majo- rity of Mr. Monroe’s cabinet adopted it, But this was not known to him (Mr. B.) until long afterwards. His liance at that time was on Mr. Clay, a8 @ western man, 1d from his publicly known opinions on the subject He and Mr. Clay were then separated in the new divi- sion of political parties, but it did not Prevent them from communing together on the subject of Texas, and co-operating to get it back. They had an interview at Tennison’s Hetel, Washington. Among the other things intended by the new administration, Mr. C. men- tioned ‘the recovery of Texas; he, Mr, B., cordially concurred, and promised his faithful co-operation. The administration made the attempt: he wrote articles to promote it, but the scheme failed. Mr. Poinsett was then Minister in Mexico, and favorable to the object, but could not succeed; and so ended the first attempt to recover back the great province which the unwise treaty of 1819 had given away. Mr. B. suid, | speak historically, and justly,and without design to fa- Yor or injure any man, but to place aright before my con- stituents my own conduct and that of others in this great drama, which has‘ in a war between two re- publics. Mr. Adams, at the council table, voted against the article which gave Texas away; Mr. Clay in the House of Representatives denounced the cession. ‘They made the first effort to get it back. ‘The next attempt was in General Jackson's time, Mr. Van Buren bei retary of State. A larger sum was offered than in the previous administration, but with no better result. The negotiation miscarried, though zeal- ously mupported by President Jackson, his Secretary of Sti the minister at Mexico. He, Mr. B., co-ope- rated with them, filling the newspapers with articles in gave no help then. And so the second attempt to repair the mischief of the teoaty of 1819, failed. The mission of General Memucan Hunt, minister from Texas, was the next serious attempt to bring Texas into the Union; but the parties were then changed: it was after the battle of San Jacinto, and Texas herself be- plicant. Mr. Van Buren was then President —Mr. Forsyth his Secretary of State, and both in favor of getting back the country. But Texas and Mexico, though not fighting, had not made peace! they were in the state of war with respect to each other; and to have admitted Texas into the Union would have been to have adopted her side of the war, and to have placed the Uni- ted States at war with Mexico, Neither justice nor po- licy permitted this, especially as, if let alone, they would make peace after awhile; and then annexation could be effected without a breach with Mexico, Upon this view they acted. He, Mr. B., concurred with them, and so did all the people of the United States, The question of admission of ‘Texas then went to sleep, and was quietly waiting the end of the war with Mexico. All the old friends to the recovery of the coun- try were willing to wait that event; but in the year 1842, during Mr. Tyler's administration, a new set of friends, who had cared nothing about Texas before, and one of whom had given her away when we had her, became fu- rious for immediate annexation, and the annexation treaty of 1844 was the fruit of that new and sudden im- patience, The old friends of Texas stood upon their old ground—the countries were still at war, but actually ne- gociating for peace. ‘They wanted Texas annexed, but without war with Mexico; and urged & little delay to permit their ministers, then negotiating under the aus- pices of Great Britain and France, to make peace. All delay was refused; the treaty was signed, and was re- jected by the Senate because its ratification would have been immediate war with Mexico. He, Mr. B., was one of the majority of the Senate which rejected the treaty; and his constituents, though all in favor of annexation, appreciated his motives and justified his conduct. His re-election to the Senate in the same year was the verdict of the people upon his conduct, and he made them his wrofound thanks for the justice of that verdict and the Ronor of that election. The treaty of annexation was rejected; but annexa- tion in another form wes still pursued. A resolution for the admission of Texas as a State passed the House of Representatives; an additional and alternative resolu- tion was added to the Senate to appoint commissioners to late for admission, and to conciliate and recon- lle Mexico, and thereby prevent the annexation from bringing on war. ‘The expiring administration of Mr. Tyler snatebed the alternative from the hands of the President elect—hurried off the House resolution by a midnight messenger—slammed the door of conciliation in the face of Mexice—and inflamed her pride and re- sentment to the highest degree. From that time forth ove breathed wer between the two countries, which, in fact, broke eut the ensuing year. Mr. B. said that this was the history of the loss and pe Texas, and its sequence, the war with Mexico. ‘he country is recovered—a war has followed; and the question now is, how to finish it? For himself ho “felt clear. His policy had beeu uniform from firat to last ; it was toget back Texas without a broach with Mexico, and was certain it might have been done ff wise an prevailed, The United States ye: that waa upon the point of signed in Jan. 1842, under the powerful mediation of Great Britain and France, when the ae admini two iblics in the unhappy cendit in which the; ron ee eo Py ition in whic! ry Mr. B. repeated: his ley. from inning to end- ing, had been to get ade Texas WMO wae, oP even @ breach of friendship with averse to such a war, He saw great and rdinary evils in it. Besides the common to all wars—loss of lives, distress of families, interruption of commerce, ruin to many merchants, and s load of debt and taxes— besides all these ordinary evils, and extraordinary kind in a & republic, and a weak one, and our neighbor, and had done us the honor to copy our constitution and form of government, and had maintained civil wars to keep it up. | She was one of the Spanish American States which stretch from the southern boundary of the United states to Cape Horn, the whole of which’ had copied our form of governmen and established close political andcommer- cial relations with us. All these States had emancipated themselves from European domination, adopted the republican system, and taken the United States for their model and their friend—the elder sister and parental guardian of the cordon of republics which stretched across the two Americas, ‘The position of the United States at the head of this long chain of re- publics, was grand and impressive, and imposed upon er an enlarged and enlightened system,which had been carefully acted upon by all American statesmen from the time these Spanish American Sta lish their independence. Europe had a item of mo- narchies, consolidated by a Holy Alliance. The new world had its system of republics, to be cemented and united by sympathy and friendship. To maintain our position at the head of tgis republican system in the new world, was due to ourselves and to the human race. To preserve and perpetuate these republics—to preserve their friendship and their commerce—to con- tinue to be their political mentor—to continue them in the republican system ofthe new world, and prevent their relapse into the monarchical system of the old world—this was our true policy. War with any one of them would endanger that policy ; for being all of the same origin, religien, lang! , customs, they would naturally sympathize with each other, and in having war with one the friendship of all might be jeoparded. He (Mr. B.) had endeavored to act upon these enlarged principles, originatingznot with him, but with enlighten- ed statesmen before he came into public life. He had endeavored to get back ‘Texas without a war with Mexi- co, and was certain it might have been done with all ease, by leaving Mexico and Texas to make peace, and treating Mexico with the respect and deference due to a sister republic—the more proud and sensitive, because Weak and unable to contend with us, The first t error was the annexation treaty of 1842, and the manner in which it was conducted. That was the work of the Tyler administration, and for selfish and unworthy purposes. ‘The second great error, or worse than error, was the rejection of the Senate’s alternative resolution, and despatch of the midnight messenger to Texas with the absolute resolution of ad- mission, on the night of the 3d of March, 1845—that, also, was the work of the Tylor administration, and in the last moment of its expiring existence. The first of these steps—the treaty—would have made instant war if it had been ratified by the Senate: the second made the war, and now the great question is to fipish it. How to finish it? ‘That was the question which every body vas putting to him, and on whlch every one presant, 10 doubt, would wish to hear him speak. © But this was not the time to speak upon that point. The time would come, but it was not now. His opinions had been asked by the President, and given to him, and approved by , and in time would be given to the public. But he could hag £) he saw others of anew r with Mexico. She was that he relied more upon policy than upon arms, to finish this war with a weak and proud neighbor. | Fight us battles she could not, That was proved from San Jacinto to Cerro Gordo, and where- ever the two races met, from the Gulf of Mexico to the Bay of San Francisco: victories would come as often as fights came; but there was a danger to be feared—the danger of fanatacism—and the conversion of the war into a death contest for country and religion. The Spanish race is susceptible of # deep national emotion, fanatical, both religiously and politically, and of which their history furnishes abundant examples both in the Old and in the New World; and from the time of the Carthagenians and the Romans, to that of the French under Bonaparte. Policy more than arms, but combined with arms, he considered the road to peace. He would not say that victories alone would not bring peace; they might do so; but not the kind of peace which he was in search of. He wanted the peace which was not merely a cessation of hostilities, but a re- storation of the fruits and blessings of peace—the resto- ration of friendship and commerce, and of our position as hoad and chief and parental guardian of the system of Republics in the New World. Mr. B. said he stood upon ground which he could not explore; he alluded to subjects which he could not un- fold: but he could say that it was a great error to con- found the whole Mexican people—the whole eight mil- lions of their mixed population, under any one general view, either politically, morally, or intellectually, or in their feelings towards the United States and the war. It would bea great error to confound this large and mixed mass under any one general view; and a worse error to act upon that view, either military or politi- cally. It had its divisions both of races and of political partis; and, leaving out the illiterate, impoverished and depressed part of the Indian race, which signifies no- thing politically, though the half of the whole popula- and the sole resource for day laborers, and the Tank and file of the armyleaving out that “depressed half, the other halfis radically and irreconeilably divided in political systems, and in all the affections and views whlch result from that division. The larger halfis re- publican, and have struggled since 1824 for the estab- ment of our-form of government, and always carry the elections; the other part is monarchical, and strongest, though least numerous, because it has the sinews of war—money andarms. It rests upon the church and a standing army of near twenty thousand officers, and not much over twenty thoumad men. ‘The policy of the Republicans leads them to peace and friendship with the United States: the policy of the Monarchists leads them to European affections and American antipa- thiea. “But there is » point at which they all unite—the Pride of nationality—the love of religion and of coun- Ty—and which makes them unite in the war against us. ‘Mr. B. said, he had expressed his opinions publicly and responsibly in the Senate, both in speeches and in votes, and privately and frankly to the Prosident when- ever asked. He had done more; he had been willing to resign his place in the Senate and go to the field of ope- rations, not so much to command armies as to make military movements subservient to diplomatic policy, and produce a which should be @ restoration of friendship, and not a mere truce, extorted by force from weakness, and leaving the animosities of war behind. Ho who had refused embassies to the first courts of Eu- rope, was willing to go to Mexico; he who had refused to let his friends propose him for first major general in May, 1846, which would have put him at the head of the army, was willing to have taken a commission when the war began to take the appearance of continuing long, and becoming fanatical, and giving strength to the mo- narchical European party. He was willing to have mintotees ceeee ene ions, dispersed the ministers, war, and placed the army and Davy under the control of President of ‘Texas, to fight Mexico. The rejection of treaty the war then assumed; but the it m of the House resolution started it sgain, and the taken the place of Neutenant general, for that would have shocked no military feeling, and displaced no mi- litary man, and would have allowed a policy, approved by the President, to have been completely carried out. He could sayjno more at this time, upon that point; but when the plan which he submitted to the President comes to be made known, it would be seen that the mi- itary men would have had nothing to complain o: that’ General Taylor, instead of struggling at Buena Vista with 6,000 against 20,000, would have been ad- vancing with 20,000—that General Scott, instead of an entrenched army at Cerro Gordo, would probably have found the road open to Mexico—that the two generals would havo met sooner than they will in the city of Mexico—and that a diplomatic mission, nationally con- stituted both in @ geographical and political sense, and attending the army, might have concluded a peace, s0- lid and lasting, more readily than it will probably now be done. Mr. B. passed to a new subjeét—and which had not et excited the public attention—but which in his opin- iea was pregnant with much danger, and required early attention. It was not a question of foreign war, to be settled by arms or diplomacy, but of domestic legisla- tion, to be settled by public opinion, and by votes. He alluded to the slavery propagandist resolutions, introdu- ced into the Senate towards the close of the late session and which he stigmatised as a fire brand on the day of their introduction. On their face these resolutions con- template a subversion of the Union, throwi: of the subversion upon those who oppose their ment into law; at the same time they propose w! citizen of a non-slaveholding Stat ever stan many from the slaveholding number, would not stand if they coul the abolition of ail compromises, pat slavery question, and treat as violators of the rights of the States, and of the Constitution, and as subverters of the Union, all who will not agree to extend slavery to all the territories of the bie boven etry e ‘iv yy remote and hyperborean—to Oregon , in the lati- tude of Wisconsin and the Lake of the Woods. They go the precise length of the northern abolitionists, and with the same practical consequence, only in a reversed form. The abolition creed is, that the admission of slavery in any part of the Union is a violation of the Constitution, and a dissolution of the Union: the new resolutions declare the prohibition of slavery in any territory of the Union, is a violation of the Constitu- tion, and of the rights of the States, and a subversion ot the Union! so true it is that extremes meet, and that all fanaticism, for or against dogma, terminates at the same point of intoleran: \d defiance. ‘The first effect of this new slavery creed, which the South was summoned to adopt most summarily, would be to establish a new political test for trying the ortho- doxy of all candidates for the Presidency ; and as no Northern man could stand such atest at home, the whole of them would be knocked in the head, so far as the South was concerned, ata single lick. The next ef- fect of these resolutions, if adopted in the non-#lavehold- ing States, would be to put an end to the present poll- tical division of jes, and to substitute a new party in the South (with its ee in the North.) bounded by geographical Le founded on the sole principle of slavery propegend! . The third effect of these reso- lutions would be that which is stated hypothetically on thelr face, namely, the subversion of the Union. Seeing these resolutions in this dangerous point of view, he (Mr. B.) had stigmatized them as fire brand on the day of thelr introduction, and had since deprecated their application to the Oregon bill, by which e- gon people were left without law or government for a ear lon, Many persons thought him too prompt Im his denunciation of these resolutions; perhaps the sam s thought him too prompt in denouncing the Oregon joint occupution treaty in 1618 —the treaty which be ‘Texas in 1819—the treat; of annexation in 1 ls wae eat ee ten ng Bit but the truth it be that he was no , themselves eo ae The resolutions spree’ dan- gerous to him, and he struck them at their first apperi- had not acted upon them in @ party character whe: tion in the Senate chamber. He had done his duty: he had sounded the alarm: it was for the je of the United States—all a. friends of ny Logs awe rest. There was no Jackson now to save inion byes abe the amen of destiny, proclaiming that, “it shall be preserved.” Mr. B. concluded with saying that he limited him- self on this occasion, to the few subjects on which he had touched, without exhausting them. They were sub- jects of present interest, and of national import, and Tose above the level of party.and were fit to be discus- sed in this assemblage, which was not one of party. fore the Senate, and did not speak-of them as part; measures now. On proper subjects, when party princi- ples were appitcable, he was found ‘close enoy h to his party line. When prineiples did not apply—m en the subject was either too large or too small for ‘@ foreign war, or domestic disunion was ors poor clerk or laborer to be turned out of emplo ment—on such great and little subjects as these, ho chose rather to actin the character of a patriot who felt for his country, and of » man who felt for his fellow man, Sr. Lovrs, May 14, 1847. The Speech of the Hon. Mr. Benton—Locat Politics. An immense concourse of citizens assembled last eve- ning at the Rotunda, to listen to @ speech from the Hon. T. H. Benton. The substance of the discourse I send enclosed. As @ matter of course af Pl ag received. For my own part | have no comment to offer. ‘Our newly elected Mayor has given some. dissatisfuc- tion to the “ faithful’ of this city, by his rather liberal policy in making appointments. ‘On Wednesday eve- hing be sent in the names of some thirty city officers, more than one half of whom were whigs. The Board re- jected all but nine, and only three of these ever pretend- ed to be democrats: Among those confirm by the Board, aro two who were recently whig nominees at the municipal election. Religious Intelligence. Cacenpar ror May.—23, Whitsunday; 24, Monday in Whitsun week ; 25, Tuesday in Whitsun week; 26, Ember Day; 28, Ember Day; 29, Ember Day! 30, ‘Trinity Sunday. Sr. Perer’s Cuuncn, Barctay Staret.—The Right Rev. Dr. ry will administer the Sacrament of Confirmation in this church this morning, 23d instant, at half-past ten o'clock. The corner stone of Grace Church, Newark, N. J., of which the Rev. John L, Watson is rector, was laid’ by the Right Rev, Bishop Doane, who also delivered the address on the occasion, on Monday, the 17th instant.— Among the clergy, the greater part of whom appeared in surplices, were the Rev. Drs. Wainwright, Ogilby, Barry and Haight ; Rev. Messrs, Henderson, Facc'er, Shor- man, Staunton, Peet, Loutrel, Thompson, Patterson, ‘Tyng, Williams, Moore, Raskin, Watson, of the diocese; arous, Spencer, Duflle, of New York; Hebon and Leeds, of W. N. ¥..and the Rey. W. J. Cromwell, of British Guiana. The Bishop's address was of the right order: it was full and forcible, well suited to an occasion fo interesting and prodictive of future good to the church. We learn, says tho Marlboro’ [Md.] Gazette, that the Methodist Episcopal Church, at Plumb Point, Calvert county, was destroyed by fire a few days since.” It origi- nated from fire left in the stove, A professorship of Chinese has been established in King’s College London, for the benefit of those amongst the students who, either as missionaries or in any other capacity, purpose proceeding to the British possession in that country. ‘The Echo de Jura announces the conversion to the Catholic faith M. de Watteville Maupert, youngest son of the President ofthe Court of Appeal at Berne. It was in England that the conversion took place, and M. Mau- pert immediatel; tered on his noviciate in the Society of Jesus. ‘Thi ting name to add to those of the Hallers, the Zeerleders, the Moys, the Effingers, and the Steigners—all members of patrician families of Berne. It {s stated, on the authority of an official return, that 627,737 persons attended publio worship in London on the General Fast-day. A now Presbyterian church at Waymart, Wayne coun- ty, Penn., was dedicated to the worship of God by ap- propriate exerclses, on Sufflay, the 2d of May. ‘The ser. mon was preached by the Rey, Henry A. Rowland, of Honesdale. On the 22d of April, 1847, Mr. Robert J. Black was or- dained to the ministry, and instulled pastor of the Re- formed Presbyterian chureh in Kensington, near Phila- delphia, by the Philadelphia Presbytery of the Reformed Presbyterian church. The sermon was preached from Romans x 15, “How can they preach except they be sent ;” and the charge to the pastor given by Rev. Dr. Black, of Pittsburgh, the father of the candidate. Rev. Dr. Crawford proposed the questions. Dr. Wylic made the ordaining prayer. Rey. T. W. J. Wylie gave the charge to the people, and Rev. 8. Stevenson offered the concluding prayer, Chief Rabbi Dr, Lilienthal, performed, yesterday, the act of confirmation in the Attorney Street Synagogue, Schaare Schamajim. Rey. J, Edson Rockwell was installed pastor of the Hanover street Presbyterian church, of Wilmington, Del., by the Proshytery of Wilmington, on Tuesday eve- ning, 4th inst. Rey. E. W. Gilbert, D’D., presi led, pro- osed the constitutional questions, and preached from 1 imothy i. 11, according to the glorious gospel of the blessed God. Rev. J. C, How, of St. George's, gave the charge to the pastor ; and Rev Prof Wallace, of New- ark, gave the charge to the people, Crenicat Cuaxars.—The Rev. C. Donald Macleod, of Hyde Park, to St. John’s church, Huntington, Suffolk county, N.Y. The Rev. John 8. Sabine has been re- ceived into the Diocese of Massachusetts by letters dis- missory from the Bishop of Vermont. The Rev. Edmund Embury, from East Bloomfield, to Brooklyn, L. [.— The Rev. G. W. Sill, from St, Paul's church, Palmyra, to Hannibal, Missuuri. The Rey. David Brown, has re- moved to Newark, New Jersey. Police Intelligence. Arrest “of a Fugitive Burglar.—Officer Patterson, of the Third ward, arrested yesterday a man called Russell Minor, on a charge of being a fugitive from Paterson, New Jersey, where he stands charged with having bur- glariously entered the premises of Joseph Talbot and others, stealing therefrom a horse, harness, and wagon, and other property. The accused was sent back to Paterson for trial. Suspicion of Arson.—A man by the name of Andrew McCall was arrested on Friday night, by officer Powell, of the Ninth ward, on suspicion of having set fire to his premises, No. 62}¢ Eighth avenue. The alarm of fire was given and the police were promptly on the spot, when the fire was discovered in a box in which it origi- nated, containing charcoal and light wood. The appearance ofthe fire, caused suspicion to rest upon McCall, who was taken into custedy and detained for examination by Justice Roome. Stealing Wearing Apparel.—Officer Campbell, of the Int ward, urrested fast, night two Mack men ealled Bill Johnson and George Stewart, on a charge of stealing a quantity of female wearing apparel, valued at $60, the property of Charlotte Malcolm, Justice Drinker com- mitted them both for trial. Robbery on the Five Points.—Officer Gardner, of the 6th ward, arrested yesterday a woman called Mary Ra- gan, on a charge of robbing a countryman by the name of Hugh MeNamara, of a wallet containing $96 in bank bills and a silver watch worth $15, while in s thieving crib located on the corner of Anthony and Little Water streets, on the Five Points. Upon the officer searching the bed, he found the wailet with $77 of the stolen mo- hey secreted in the bed clothing. Justice Drinker com- mitted the accused for trial. Grand Larceny.—We noticed under this head in yes- terday’s Herald, the arrest of two men by the names of Antonio A. Carria and Wm. Devoe, by Captain Bush and Cargill, of the 9th Ward—instead of which the ar- rest was made by officers Zabriskie and Quackenbush, of the above ward, under the direction of their Captain, Charge of Rape.—Officern Willis, the Third District Police, arrested, roung man by the name of Drake P. Commerding, on a charge of violating the person of @ young girl, by the name of Margaret ‘Schwert, of only 10 years of age. Justice ‘Timpson committed the accused 'to prison for a further examination. Surrendered by his Bail.—Officers Cummings and Relyea, of the lower police, arrested yesterday, a nan by the name of Oliver Woods, on a bail piece, he having been'surrendered by Mr. Purdy, one of his bondsmen; Woods having been indicted by the grand jury ons in, charge of treating agold watch. Justice Drinker com- mitted Woods to the Tombs for trial, thus relieving his surety from any further responsibility. Discharged jrom Custody —The Court of Goneral Sessions yesterday discharged from custody William ‘Thompson, commonty called one-eyed Thompson, upon his own recognizance, in the sum of $200, to appear at court when required. Arrest on a Requisition.—An officer arrived in town yesterday, having in custodya man by the name of George Young. farnum, on a requisition Issued by Governor Justice Drinker committed the prisoner to 4g @ Suilor.—Officers Corneen and Raffert; ith ward, arrested, yesterday, a black fellow call- charge of stealing $15 in bank 4 silver, from a sailor by the name of William , while in a den frequented by thieves of all co- lors, on the Five Points. On searching the rascal, the officers found secreted in his boot @ five franc piece, which was identified by the complainant as a part of his stolen money. Justice Drinker committed him in full for trial. Petit Larceny.—Officer Feeny, of the 6th ward, arrest- od yesterday two wom lied Mary Davis and Catha- rine Furgerson, on a charge of stealing a silver q ing. in tre cer, and the worth $10, belonging to ® Dutchman thieves locked up for trial by Justice Drinker. street. The watch was recovered by the Tho steamboat New Hampshire burst both her boilers on the 6th inst., at a wood yard about forty miles below Little Rock, Ark. The boat had stopped at the wood- ard, and on shoving off, at about 4 o'clock, A. M., her Joilers burst. Neatly all the officers of the N. H. were killed. The passengers were in their state-rooms, or the loas of life must have been far ter, Annexed is alist of those killed aad missing ;—Killed—-Geo. T’. Allen, first clerk. Missing and supposed to be Killed—B B. Cup- ples, second clerk; Alex, McKinney, pilot; —-, engineer; James Van Dyke, mate; four black firemen, ‘one white second steward, and one cabin boy; Chas. Ratcliff, car- penter; Mr. Berring, cabin enget, and one dec! 8 senger, name not known. ‘The explosion of the boilers is said to have been caused by an accumulation of mud in them at night, which become incrusted at the bottom and prevented the water from having its usual effect.—N. 0. Picayune, May 13, ee — The Mexican War. GUERILLA WAR ON THE [From the New Orleans Pic yun An attentive correspondent at Cama; to us the following order, issued by found upon the Alcalde of Guerre: company with one of Canales 8, and unetion with him, as was supposed, taking measu: carry it intoeffeet, Lieut eo, of Cont tm yo y of rangers, happened to come upon the Ehea both, wad Trough them to Camargo, a Teed From this order it {s manifest that the guerilla mode of warfare is to be enforeed all along the valley of the Rio Grande. It is mortifying to reflect that = few dis- orderly men, such as fle Buena Vista and hid themselves in the quarries before Monterey, have, by their murderous conduct, given color to the charges with which Canales commences and order: nevertheless, it is almost certain that the system would have peen put in practice upon the Rio rande, asit has been in the central States, had not these outrages happened. have had full measures of the glories of war, but, should the guerilla plan continue any length of time, its buteheries will be appalling. The perpetrators of acts of violence have, heretofore, sought to palliate their guilt by pleading the assassination of their comrades as excuse for retaliation. There has been too much of this already. But what will be the scenes of havoc and blood when a “ war without pity” is the recognised gauge of battle on both sides ! ‘The order of Canales is peremptory. It commands his followers to spare neither age nor condition. Every American found within the territory of Mexico, whether armed or unarmed, must be put to the sword, This is more savage even than tho guerilla proclamation of Salas. Canales is « graduate of sanguinary sobool.— A robber chief by profession and a cut- roat by nature, he is just the man to sont over the barbarities of such a - war. That he will fin: think he will be the last to suffer from the mode of warfare he has adopted. Tho defence of the Rio Grande should be, under the circumstances, an object of primary consideration. That more troops are needed there is syecrexs without takh into consideration the necessities of other divisions the invasion— Frontier Briaave or Cavatny, Camp in San Auguscin, April 4, 1847 . I this day send to the Adjutant Inspector of the Na- tional Guards the following instruetions :— I learn, with the greatest indignation, that the Ameri- cans have committed a most horrible massacte at the rancho of the Guadalupe. They made prisoners, in their own houses and by the side of their families, twenty-five Peaceable men, and: immediately shot them. To repel this class of warfare, which is not war but atrocity in all its fury, there is no other course left us than reta- liation; and in order to pursue this method, rendered imperative by the fatal circumstances above mentioned, you will immediately declare martial law, with the un- derstanding that eight days after the publication of the same, every individual who has not taken up arms (be- ing capable of so doing) shall be considered a traitor, and instantly shot. Martial law being in force, you are bound to give no quarters to any American whom you may meet or who may present himself to you, even though he be without arms. You aro also directed to publish this to all the towns in this State, forcibly impressing them with the severe punishment that shall be inflicted for the least omission of this order. We have arrived at that state in which our country requires the greatest tucrifices; her sons should in nothing but to become soldiers, and as brave q cans to meet the crisis. ‘Therefore, if the army of in- vasion continues, and our people remain in the towns which they have molested, they deserve not one ray of sympathy; nor should any one ever cease to make war upon them, You will send a copy of this to each of your subordinates, and they are authorized to ceed against the chiefs of thelr squadrons or against their colonels or any other, even against me, for any infraction of this order—the only mode of salvation left. ‘The enemy wages war against us, and even against those peaceable citizens who, actuated by improper impulses, desire to remain quiet in their houses, Even these they kill, without quarter ; and this isthe favor thoy may expect from them. ‘The only alternative left us, under these circumstances, is retaliation, which is the strong right of the offended against the offending. To carry this into effect attach yourself to the authori- ties. Your failing to do this will be considered « crime of the greatest magnitude. All the officers of the troops are directed to assist you in carrying out this order, and it is distinctly understood there shall be no exeeptions. Neither the clergy, military citizens, nor other persons shall enjoy the privilege of remaining peaceably at thelr homes, The whole of the corporation shall turn out with the citizens, leaving solely as authority of the town one of the members who is over the age of sixty years ; at the same timo, if all of the members are ospable of bearing arms, then none shall bo excepted ; leaving to act some one who is incapable of military service. ou yourself must be an example to others, by ee, this requisition. And I send this to you for pul ‘4 and charge you to wee it executed in every particular, and communicate it also to the commanders of the squadrons in your city, who will aid you in carrying into effect these instructions; and in fact you are directed to do all Se at which your patriotism Ans, it. God } icy ANTONIO CANALES, According to the Matamoras Flag of the Sth inst. the alcalde and twenty Mexicans, with one, an em of Santa Anna, had been arrested at Camargo, where they had assembled with the view of arming guerilla parties, according to the recommendation of Saute Anna in his last proclamation, issued at Orizabs, ot which the emis- sary hadacopy. The same paper mentions, however, that they bad subsequently been set at liberty, MURDER OF TWO CITIZENS OF ALBANY BY THE RANCHEROS. Intelligence was received yesterday in this elty of the death of William H. Kearney, well known here as an estimable citizen, and formerly Captain of the Van Rensselucr Guards, and at tho time of his death quarter-master-eergeant, in the New York regl- ment of volunteers. This intelligenco comesin « letter from Captain Van Olinda, of this city, now in Mexico, who writes to the editor of the Knickerbocker that Ser- geant Kearney was vent back to Vera Cruz, two days after the army left there, with five or six men to bri upsome stragglers and the mails; and whilst on that duty was shot down from the wayside, by some of the rancheros, and bayonetted. His fect were then tied to- gether, and his body dragged at the heels of # horse over the road until his head and shoulders were so bruised that his features could hardly be recognized.—Albany Argus. THE CALIFORNIA VOLUNTEERS. Surv Tuomas H. Penwins, at sea, , Lon.j78 W., off Cape Horn, Jan. 3, 1847, Dran Sin—I have the honor to inform you that « whale ship has just hove in sight, and will send on board of us for letters. I avail myself of the opportunity to say we are all well, and without the least ap) of any disease whatever on board. We are 34 days from Rio. We shall proceed direct for San Franciseo. Very respectfully, your obedient servant J. D. STEVENSON, Hon. Wm. L. Marcy, Secretary of War. ‘The above is inserted for the information of euch Per sons as have friends on board the ship—it being the information received from Col. Stevenson’s detachment. —Washington Union. Lat. 66 NAVAL. (From the Norfolk Herald.} U.S Scnoonen Friar, i Off Cape Henry, May 17, 1847. For the edification of our friends, [ write this nose, in- forming you of our whereabouts. We are all much pleased ‘with the sallin; qualities of our beautiful vessel, she having beat one of your fast-sailing pilot boats, (the Reindeer,) working out to sea, We aro all well and in excellent spirits, with the exception of one of our non- combatants, who has a ‘ticular aversion to pork, although not a Jew, though quite an honest, hearty fel- low. Would you beli it? he has id bis tribute to old Neptun ha! hi lem. 9 doo- tor it’s not him : Misceltaneous. ‘The Circuit Court, Hon. B, Whiting, presiding, is now in session in Penn Yan, and in charging the Grand Jury, the judge congratulated them upon the fact that thejail of the county was tenantless Mr. Eddy, of Ithaca, has purchased the right to con- struct a line of telegraph from Ithaca to Binghamton, and is at present engaged in obtaining stock subseri in Ithaca to further the enterprise —Rochester 4d- “The railroad from Detroit to Kalamazoo is now In successful operation, Workmen are eng: in grading west of Kalamazoo; and the expectation is to complete the road to Lake Michigan by another year. The point of termination at the Lake will be either New Buffalo or St. Joseph. Jt now takes about 32 hours to go from De- troit to Chicago by this route. The distance is 270 myles: from Detroit to Kalamazoo, by railroad, 1 from Kalamazoo to St. Joseph, by stage, 55; from 8 Joseph to Chicago, by steamboat, 69.”” A locomotive upon the Stonington road, ran lately from Kingston to Wickford, R. [., seven miles, in seven minutes, with nine cars, containing 230 passengers, ‘The Stonington Railroad Company have purchased is aber eeeties o> called, in Providence, for $60,000, for the contemplated new depot. ‘The next annual fair of the Essex County Society for the Promotion of oy Horticulture and Manu- factures, will be held on the 2ist, 22d, 29d and 24th of September, at the Court House, Newark. An epidemic is prevailing in the Moorehouse ish, Louisiana, occasioned by the mali it scarlet fever, bronchitis, and nemonia, Few of who are attack- ed survive more than twenty-four hours. ‘There are two telegraphic wires now in operation be- tween this city and Albany. GUATEMALA ‘e copy the Fellowiag fom the Habana Diaro de ta Marina:—Guatemala, March 12, 1847,—To-day will be a memorable one for Guatemala, This day has been promulgated and sworn to the declaration of this State (formerly part of the confederation of Central America) bade’ sovereign re. iblic. bd - ty the manifosto decree accompanying this, you will un- derstand the motives which have led the present govern- mentof Guatemala to take this step. ‘e@ are other wise peaceful and prosperous. The other States are also ail, Salvador and Nicaragua are about to re- ancient republic of Central America. * ail bg Nn rmed and Costa Rica are quiet, and the latter is making rapid steps in advance.