The New York Herald Newspaper, January 26, 1847, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol, XIII, Ho, 25—Whele Ho. 4622. TELEGRAPHIC aND BY SPHOIAL BIPRBSS FROM BOSTON. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA AT BOSTON. FOUR WEEKS LATER FROM EUROPE. Highly Interesting Commercial Intelligence, IMPORTATION OF SPECIE. Arrival of One Million Dollars in Gold and Silver from England, THE ‘AFFECT OF THE President's Message in Hngland, ADVANCE IN THE GRAIN MARKET. IMPROVEMENT IN CoTrToN dic. Sie. The steamer Hibernia, Capt. Ryrie, arrived at Boston yesterday morning, after a passage of nineteen and a halfdays. She had a rough pas- sage, and was detained over the usual time at Halifax, to take in a supply of coal. The advices from Liverpool are of the 5th; London of the evening of the 4th; Paris and Havre of the 2d, and Dublin of the $d inst. We first received an abstract of the news in flashes over the lightning line, and then in detail by special express, run by the well known Bigelow, of the Boston and Fitchburg Railroad. This Bigelow is always ahead of steam, and just on the heels of lightning. No mail came through last night ; it will reach here this morning. The intelligense is four weeks later than pre- vious adviees. It is of considerable importance. The price of eorn had advanced. The best quality was quoted at 68 and 72 shillings. The price of flour had advanced. Fleur in bond, best quality, was quoted at 37 and 88 shillings per bbl. The Cotton Market had been very animated during the past month, so that there has been a considerable business transacted. Ordinary Or- leans and Mobile Cotton is queted at 6} to 7d; fair do at 74 to 73d; good do at 84 to 84d. The money market had been quiet, with little factuatien since the last publication of the Zuro- pean Times. It is said that about £200,000 to £300,000 in spe- cie came out in the Hibernia. American Lard had been very largely dealt in ; kegs selling at 48 to 50 shillings. American Beef and Pork continued in excellent demand; and although supplies were comingin freely, very stiff rates were paid. The President’s Message gave a hopeful assur- ance that the American tariff, so far as regarded British goods, would be maintained,and had given the English manufacturers a cheerful prospect for their trade for the coming spring. The packet ship New World, the steamer Great Western, Nicholas Biddle, Waterloo, and Mon- tezuma, all from New York, had arrived out. O'Connell was looking feeble. The French Government intended to propose to the Chambers a considerable reduction in the duties on foreign corn. Several slight shscks of earthquakes have been lately felt in the neigh orhood of Marseille: Itis said that Government intends to shorten the term ofthe soldiers’ enlistment to ten years. The negotiations for a commercial treaty be- tween Brazil and the Zollverein,are stated to have failed. Rome had been visited by terrible inundations ; the distress was great; the amount of property de- stroyed was large. The new Pope had mitigated their hardships by his purse and his personal ex. ertions. The Pope has reduced the duty on the export and import of grain into the Roman domin- ions. The last message of President Polk, which had been received in England, had been as- sailed by the whole of the press, and ugly names given to the process of reasoning in which the President accounts for the Mexi ean war. One passage has been strongly com- mented upon—that in which he states the war was not undertaken with the view to conquest. (Hear, Hear.) We can call to mind no similar document du- ring our time which has been loss favorably re- eeived in England [hear, hear) ; from this it may be inferred that the annexation of California, of which Commodore Stockton has taken possession as a territory of the Unite! States, is even less popular in England them was the annexation of Texas. (Hear, Hear.] The condition of Ireland continues to be the absorbing object of attention. Day after day the distress continues to increase, and famine is doing the work of death in various parts of the country. Immense numbers of poor half starved crea- tures find their way across the channel and beg, and exist as best they can, by appealsto the feel- ings of the inhabitants in the great towns of Eng land. And in the midst of this dreadful dist.ess, the philanthropists of that nation are anxious for the abolition of slavery in America. Lo! the poor slave, to have such friends. A pension of 100 pounds a year has been offer- ed by the government to Father Mathew. The suffering population in the highlands and islands of Seotiand, is estimated at 100,000. A considerable supply of potatoes has arrived in London from Holland. The rate Suttee has been prohibited in the Ras- poot State of Jaypore, by a unanimous vote ofthe regency. On the 19th inst. Major James, of the 77th Re- giment, shot himself at the Prince Albert Hotel, London. An American ship, which has just arrived in London, from New York, has brought 30 barrels of pork suet. The French government has protested against the suppression of the Polish Republic; and it ap- pears, though the precise terms are not known, that the protest is a harmless affair, much softer and honeyed than that of the British government. Report has it that Mons. Guizot proposed to take high ground, and to declare to the three pow- ers that if the suppression were persisted in, France would consider herself free to violate the treaty of Vienna whenever it might suit her purpose; but the King backed by a majority of the Cabinet would not hear of this on any account, and accordingly the protest was shorn of all energy, and made as mild as the mildest milk and water, NEW YORK, TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 26, 1847. One American house established in the Mid- pee eee e Joe Bigland aad Hee OL bas, mer, ordered over forty thousa: als of flour in lieu of Peuitanaee ia bills. = The young wheats in the east of France are stated to have come up with remarkable vigor, and to promise very abundant crops. A plan ofnational education is said to be in preparation by the nk Government. The people of Ireland are petio ment to prohibit the distillation of grain® The December overland mail rt ili in oe r reports tranquility Twelve thousand men are to be added to the British Arny. Lerd John Russell has Issued a cizcular to his supporters in the House of Commons, soliciting their attendance at the meeting of Parliament, measures of great importance would be consid- ered, and first among these would be how to re- lieve the Irish poor. Subscriptions fog the relief of the poor are being made in England. Dissatisfaction in the British West Indies, caused by the reduction ef the sugar duties, has compelled the ‘‘ Home Government” to mature plans for the introduction of laborers from Africa, to be conveyed by steam to the Islands. Louis Philippe is said to have proposed a Con- gress of European nations. Abd-el-Kader is said to have proposed to make peace with France. About 400 vessels bound for the Black Sea, to take in corn, were detained at Constantinople on the 30th ult., by the storms which have been raging in the Black Sea. The Prussian government has, in order to check emigration to America, decided that the crown lands in Prussia and Posen, of which the leases fall in during the years 1847, 1848, and 1819, shall be set apart for persons who would otherwise be disposed to emigrate. The Turkish Government is preparing a code of commercial laws, which is to be Leste found- ed upon the provisions of the French cede. In Denmaik, the import duty on corn, groats, and fleur, has been considerably reduced by a royal ordinance of the 9th ot December. TRANSATLANTIC SrgaMERS.—The Paris Consti- tutionnel says, instructions were some time back sent to our different consuls,te collect such statis- tical information as might be useful in throwing light on questions connected with the estahlish- ment of the transatlantic steamers. The replies to these instractions have arrived from almost every quarter, and there results from them, amongst other facts, a very curious scale of the progression of transit from the different parts of the world, dating from 1815, the period when {the increase commenced. Steam CoMMUNICATION BETWEEN Havre AND New Yorx.—The Paris Constrtutionnel says : “A new obstacle appears likely to retard the de- cision which the Council ofthe State has to come to on the propositions of the company offering to undertake the correspondence betveen Havre and New York. This obstacle comes from rival ports, such as Bordeaux, where the accession of importance that must fall to the share of Havre from this regular communication, is viewed with uneasin it appears that the ministry must expect a strong resistance from the representa- tives of Bordeaux. But before Havre can enjoy all the advantages, which, certainly, the corres- pondence with New York would confer on it, it ought to be able to receive in its docks the four 450-horse-power steamers destined for the service. Every one is aware that works of this nature do not get on very rapidly, and Bordeaux will have time enough to establish its correspondence before the transatlantic packets are finished at Havre. Besides, Bordeaux is warranted in complaining, as well as Marseilles, of the delay in executingthe law of 1840 relative to the transatlantic service.” Anoruer Evrorgan Conergss.—A rumor has been in circulation in France, that Louis Philippe has demanded a Congress of the Powers of Eu- rope, with a view to his laying before them the whole of the circumstances connected with the Montpensier marriage, and also the position in which, in consequence of that marriage, he finds himself placed with the other Gourts of Europe, and .especially the Court of St James. he King of the French, it is added, repudiates the idea of having acted with bad faith to England, or in any way which would justify the cessation of that friendship which has so long subsisted be- tween France and this country, and in the per- petuation of which there will be found the best, if not the only guarantee for the preservation of the Eurepean peace. He expresses himself as both pained and surprised at the circums'ance of 80 grave an accusation as that of pursuing a per- fidious course, in referenee to the Spanish mar- riages, being preferred against him by the Govern- ment of Queen Victoria. Banx or Francr.—The condition of the Bank of France has caused considerable discussion lately in monetary circles. Owing to a drain of bullion, caused by the enormous purchases of grain from other countries, the Bank of France requires assistance from the Bank of England, which is the more readily conceded, as she gave aid a few years back tothe Bank of England, un- dercircumstances not dissimilar. ‘The only peint now raised is, how shall the aid be tendered—in silver, in gold, er by bills of exchange. It seems that the present state of the exchanges requires that the loan be made in silver bullion. _It will be more profitable, it is said, to send silver than gold; but some writers think that bills of ex- change, to the required amount, would be the plan least likely to disturb the financial operations of either country. The amount has been stated at two millions sterling. govern- Bank of England. An account J) gases to the Act. 7th and 8th Victoria, Cap. 32, for the Week ending on Seturday, the 26th of Dec.., 1846. » Derant™ Notes issued,.., aa American Mission to Jaran.—Commodore Biddle (brother of the manager of the United States al ia the Columbus, elghty-gun ship, accomparied by the Vin- cennes frigate, Captain Pautding, arrived at the entrance ofthe bay of Yeddo on the 20th of July. They were, soon after their arrival, surrounded by 400 or 600 small boats, contsining from five to twenty meneach. These boats were not rowed at all, but worked by a scull abatft, andthe people in them wore generally unarmed. They were soparetyy, the greater number of them, private , pressed for the occasion. A man in ofice came on board the Vincennes,§jand ploced a stick with some sym. bol on it at the head of the ship and another abait; but as soon as the captain understood that this ceramony im- plied taking possession of the vessel, he ordered his people to take them down, to which no objection was made. The Japanese at first tried even to prevent communication be- tween the two ships, and when Capt. Paulding went on board his commodore, the triple line of boats round the latter made no attempt to move; but on ordering his mon to cut the connecting lines no opposition was made.— Some of the better Japanese wore ono sword, and only a few of the highest rank possessod two, a long and short one, of which the first was double-handed. Theso wore evidently the principal ornament and mark of rank. The peoplejare; described as botter looking than the Chinese, and superior to them in most respects. No per- son went ashore from the two ships, though these were ten days at anchor: A public despatch was sent off by the American commodore (acting to the Court at Yeddo, distant some le written reply received in seven de stating that no trade whatever could be ‘ed wi America On their departure, the two ships allowed themselves to be towed out the whole fleet of boats, which moved b; ls between each other, and with great order. TI pretation was carried on by a Japanese, who understood Dutch very well. The Man- darins were Cae | polite and well conducted, and, when out of sight of their followers, disposed to be s ciable and communicative, even making exchanges of small presents, as fans, &c. They appeared surprisingly well informed as to external events, and had even haard of the Oregon question. The Dutch, in fact, are obliged to keep them scpplies with all kinds of inf»rmation the trading port of Nangasali. Subsequent to the depar- ture of the Americans, the ~ of Yeddo, it visited by Admiral Cecille in the French frigat tre, accompanied by two corvet nome dispute took place, and that dudgeon, but none of their ships y the north, and therefore the information upon. Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Gaspard ceed the Hon. Frederick Bruce a8 of Newfoundland. Sir Gaspard is at present in com{ manond of the 86th Light Infantry at Limerick. bi tu EEO dee Sp reteat winter of 1846-7 in last of this most eventful year, those writers \08e soi-disants statesmen, who all consequent distress, toat Atle r calamity. But the crisis is too terrible for claimi Sarees ‘account the Cy hs of forethought. refe tothe past only Again, we must give vent to our forebodings, clare it to be our Scrrowfal conviction, that unls very unfe dential interference, shall control the affairs, the winter of 1847-8 will be st. than the winter of 1846-7. Ke isa matter of calculation, not of met resent course of conjecture ters it is considered rash to look to confine one’s attention to the prese: is not our own feeling. We consider it the paramount duty of our statesmen, and the whole en! The main chance of Ireland It has failed; partially last year; almost entirely Can it be depended upon for next year? No. 08, raction of aces next yi sound tubers enough oe whore we are told of the neglect of tilla, from the Ballinasloe; Star is onlyjtoo ordit pas inary a speci of what we are informed from tor “ The most every quarter: — if all did not avail themselv. ck which would cau: cautiously and prudently to work in by which thod of farm. A mild Rave induced. success, perhaps in | cedents of a similar aggrestivences? Was the instances: but, as the green crop in [eave wss | Jackson to quote, as a man of liko instincts, and a confined to the potato, there was no other tributary from | endowed with an equal aptitu ing insulted? Was which to expect subsistence for the laboring class: should the potato fail. We are now rapidly approac! ing the season for getting down the spring crops, and the first question which presents itself, is, wha species of produce will be fit for human food in the sum: a eration; but Pee to that is the vital qu ing the land sowing. As yot thore is not pre cient to give rise to the hope verted to those uses from which the farmer mij sonably expect to reap a remune! some it isa matter of doubt wheth: the means of croppiog their farms ; but, ers, the means aro totally ners their own command and, unless prompt and liberal assistance shall be ously extended, whole townlan tion of the case, w on the approech of the wii uits which are to be apprehended, ficient to st it and the future.” Turn, for instance, to our is impossible to read a private letter, resolutions, an official document, or there circular letter to the east division of the ceuaty of Gal way, complains with just indignation that such pergons as ‘land surveyors with tweive acres, land atuwards, schoolmasters, farmers holding from ten to twenty Irish acres, in gceat numbers, masons,carpenters, blacksmit! tailors, weavers, hucksters, shoemakers, servant boys ruded by the corrupt influence tu his olfice. supposition that the have, to som influential riv ployed to take down the names of applicants havi wor. All this leaves no doubt tnut not only mense number of laborers on the public works, instead of their customary emplo th man was tocuta slice from cow's back, dozen acres he can’t fe have only to do wit fact, U necessity or trom choice, tillage is neglected; aad th is every where a striking and lamentable absence of pre paration for next year. pAts sessions for the barony of Frenchpark, county 0 sively proved that the public work system had reali all the evil anticipations which men con land had foreseen. It had completely up: ly checked, would render the calamity of this year tri next.” As for the inference that, therefore, the Legisl: ought not to have made employment on ie works” the condition of r , that is sufficis of the cai w, a thing which cannot b: it is impossible to ‘and ordinary op national cost and under the national Why even the i ind reclaming of y Mr F reproductive ; in fact, no remedy wha stant benefit in a thoroughly ill condi But what a prospect i we it. Ireland has madly anchor, and that anchor hi the present, be worse thai harp on so gloomy a the l country. to nee, that the Irish 5 agg robably, be nn Worse than the winter of 1 . We warp Shon nor aes, 6 alarmi en insinust we found our mtin'the panicwe had crested. This day is the ind we pronounce that that the partial failure of the potato crop in 1845, and the the event has borne out the proportion we denoted. t, it will be admitted that the prosent is no unreal lor the sake of the Seis, seen circumstances, some specially , provi- more disastrous ineer said of a tunnel through the Alps, its only en So casuistry jer of pounds, shilling .. We believe the | ‘To look upon the speech in question in any other light rospects of Ireland for is to judge ill of Mr. Polk; that is, tojudge ofhim in a mi le and reduceable a problem as the construc- | way disagreeable to himself, ‘To imagine that he had tion ofa railroad; much more so than the salvage of the cient faith in his own defence to mistake his mos- Great Britaio, hich ‘ so confident an 10 for a justitication of his conduct in thi et opinion. We partot Europe, or even in those of half A htoned public of England, to speculate upon the probable condition of | position. our as far as our horizon extends; and particu- Nomen likes to think that he reads unrightly the de- larly to consider how the people of Ireland are to be fed lared judgiment cf the age he lives in. ‘To suppose that for the next two or three years. Mr. Polk though ofa vindication of thi xican war be- to has been the potato. this. Is iteven there any chance of anything but the 1 No. There are not even d; and, if there were, they would not be sown. ‘he: not even be the prepara- imseli or his 1d good. It tion for that crop. But what will there be to supply tt And lity it can place of the potato? Not so much as an is policy is, perhaps, a prudent one.— 1845 presented a solemn lecture to all clas- tent to the world that the potato had sustained a it to be exceeding- ly doubtful whether or not another sowing of that crop should be got in last spring ; and, instead of going the spring of 1846, to lament that thoy did mot quit the old jonths ?g§ That is a question ef paramount consid. reper: lor whatever crop farmers may decide upon len on foot sufti- land will be con- t rea With they can command ! with oth ‘oner- ill remain wild and uncultivated during the next summ-r. if that shall be is the man who can look without dismay on the prospects which overhang the face of this country of 18477 The bare idea of ven though through the long perspective of several months, is terror into the mind of any man who rvey the long and dreary vista which at every turn, | friend frish intelligence of today. It And tring of public wapaper article, matter of notoriety, and of no adequate prepa- necessities of the people. Major Ainslie, the government inspecting officer, in a of friends on committee into the list of laborers fu nished to He adds that “the grave discrepancios which ‘& comparison of the poor law valustion books with the different rolls presented to me has disclosed, leads to the borers in undoubted destitution iteven appears that those em 1a the nim ment on the soil,but that many ‘ing their own land for the t mn ia class to the relief rolls ix so common, that itis publicly justified. Mr. O’Conneli ked triumphantly the other day, whether ahungry eat it? And by others we are told that, if a man does hold a one thing—the universally admitted and publicly justified , for one reason or another, fairly or fouily, from ommon, Vir. F. French said that “it was conclu: id ‘sant With Ire- the ordinary course of employment, and if not vigorously and apeedi- ting in comparison to those to be apprehended in the ‘The fact and the foreboding wo accept. Mr. F. French only adds avother testimony to the abovegloomy series. y ‘Without a good je and enforced in veral millions drainage and ” advo: rench, are by no means immediately er can be of in- No escape from xistence on one Tt seems incredible—incredible, not as a matter of ple or pertizanship, asa matter of . point of honesty or falsehood. We of | the thing aside. We place it in the limbo of things lost on earth, and which will not be found in heaven—with the oaths of lovers, the truth of ogieapas, the ententes cordiales of Guizot, and the bonds enmsylvenia. We xposition of such gro:s fallacies as those | ech simply as a matter of advocacy, as | or foolish, ot clever or stupid. of poli- | To whet end meke statement that will & question of wi cy or of foly deceive no ‘one, and which will undo so much credit for the future ? ea hoax anda sham, will admit sake of those who want anex- ‘or the sake of the conscience f California; for the tenderness 1p) xpectant judge of Tamaulipas; for the solicitor-general of New Mexico; for the religious missionaries that shi P? the picked of inging riflemen that are choos- itecas; fo ery American that hope of spoil; for the bona fide views of the particular f | speculator w! ican that hi be to accuse bim of the disreput indness of sin- cerity. He must know himself that this is not the cuse.— t | He has put himself beyend the reach of credence. The best thing that can ba said of him js, that he knows his of Europe,would wrong his sagucity. r either integrity or straight ; it tor no much in- tangiblo advantage that he would either pen a period or forbear amanuvre. Ifcredit of the kind came to him t, then, that it is for nothing European, for th sake of no sweet odour in the old ;world, that he has been embrazened to the justification of the war. But it is for something American that he affects a con- science. And for American purpo: ation artistically. It were a political impos Mr. Polk to stand alone. The . | very phenomenon of his presidental th nent of It were also a political im- like Mr. Polk tobe the firatin He must have had his antece- dents, even as it is to be feared that he will find his fol- prine!- ht or | bas forw: ¥ the morality of to the commander of the station. The admiral, it seems, | arded to the English Foreign office the letter written to him by M. Barbet de Jouy. jeter ia an- nexed toa despatch sent two days ago to Paris from Lord Palmerston, toe British Minister, requiring that the French Consul, M Barbet de Jouy, be reculled, and giv- ing notice that, if this is notdone, the eequatur of the Queen of Great Britain will he withdrawn from M Bar- bet de Jony. It is seid that this is tho state of the matter | ‘et present.” The BPlores Expedition. [From the London Giobe, Dec. 11] The largest portion of the men who are on board the | Glenelg, or belonging to her, were paupers, whe hav received two yeurs’ allowance moneys from the variot parishes throughout London and siburbs, for the pu:- pose of emigrating, the parishes thinking it a goad op- portunity of gettung of their able-bodied poor by such means; and the serious question arises, in case of the confiscation of the vessel, what is to be the fate of these unfortunate people, as it is suppored the sh will not consent to receive them into ti agaio, but will leave them to starve, or &! country. Ireland. | Tn ny former period of her history has this part of the United Kingdom exhibited such a miserable and alarm. ing aspect as at the present time. Starvation of the most dire description stalke throughout the length and bread:h of its provinces—disease and death are hurrying their victims from off the stage of time, and millions of a brave but misguided people know not how and where to brave the awful misery which haunts their —- walks and midnight visions. So great and unparal leled is the amount of destitution now prevailing that the efforts of government to abriage and mitigate the sufferings of the distressed prove unequal to the emergency. Private benevolence starts back at the hor~ rifying picture of misery which daily demands re lief. In fact, in many instances the Irish cabins are little better than charnel houses, where the dead, uncared for, unburied, lie fostering by the side of th dying. Day after day are the details of wretchedness and suftering laid before the public through the medium of the Irishjeurnals. Liverpool his a practical proof of these statements. Her charitable finances ave been swallowed up of late in awarding temporary relief to the innumerable number of Irish paupers who frequent the port. Tbe accounts which have reached us since the ew eg the last packet, state that the laborers in the neighborhood of Bantry are mowed down by famine, and those who ore yet able to brave starvation, look gleomily: forward to the day, not far distant, as ey believe, when they will be found either on “fields or on mountains, without the consolations of clergy or the comfort of friends.” A magis- trate of the county Cork has addressed a letter to the Duke of Wellington, which contains a dreadful catelogue of the familiar horrors of the time. Is it possible that such things can be, in the nineteenth century, in the midst of * gigantic and d prosperous em ire, proud of its charity and wealth? fear that fault is to be found ! lowers. The very mediocrity of his character implies this. He is no teacher, but a pupil; no discoverer, but - | an imitator. What then, so natural as his defence? And what so true? Could aught be easier than to fering outré Dacity was the m riotism. coveted much land; and they felt griev- ances in proportion. It was only by a quarrel that their sagrossiveness could find its object, aud it was only by unjust misconstructions that the elements of a quarrel could be supplied. ‘This then, is the way in which he speaks of his much enduring countr, ;| {The wrongs which we have auffered from Mexico almost ever sitco she became an independent power, and the patient endurance with which we have borne are without a parallel in the history of modern civ There is reason to believo, that if these wrongs ted ai ‘ed in the first instance, the present war might e n avoided. One out however, permitted to pass with impunity, almost n¢ sarily encouraged the verpetration of anether, unti last Mexico seemed to attribute to weakness and indec: sion on our part a forbearance which the offspring of maguanimity, ani of a sineero dosire to preserve y relations with a sister republic ” thie he explains by an enumeration of private commercial grievances,'as old as the timo of Gen. Jack son. Th said General lamented. and these Mr Van Buren lamented after him. Quorsum hac tam pw tidatendunt? De they touch the fact that it was by an American invasion that the debateable land between the Nueces and the Rio Grande was first occupied, and that it was by American hypocrisy that a land of such a de- bateable character was dealt with,whon it served the pur- Poses of ambition, ax if it were as American as Massa chusetts n But the war that is now waged, has “ not been waged with a view to conquest; but having been commenced , | by Mexico, it has been carried inte the enemy’s country, and will be vigorously prosecuted there, with a view to obtain an houorable peace, and thereby secure ample indemnity for the expeases of the war, as well az to our much injured citizens, whe hold laige pecuniary de- mands against Mexico ” Ii so, what in the meaning of the following ? “In the provinces of New Moxice and of the Califor. niag, little, oo the inhabitants to the temporary goveram have thus, from the necessity of the case, and according wo the la been established It ‘inay be proper to provide for the security of theso important conquests, by making an adequate appropriation for the purpose of erecting 1ortfications, and detraying the expenses neces sarily incident to the maintenance of our possession and authority over them.” Surely this is lang ange that indicates the emptin the talk about indemnity. The leas effect that Mr. Polk’s history, Mr. Polk's logic, and Mr. Polk's {patriotism have upen his country, the more creditable it will be to his compatriots. them, and to them alon j# addressed. Half for the suke of the sake of fractiona) Y 9 the capacities and con- sciences of those who are ambitious of being justified, and lay themselves open to conviction. ¢ ___ [From the Manchester Guardian.) We give in another part of our presont number the a sof the message of President Polk to the s of the United States, which reached this coun- ry late on Tuesday night, by the Ashburton packet ship trom New York. By far the largest portion of thia enor mous document—which, if given at length, would fill nearly & page and a halfof the Guardian—is devoted to an exposition of the circumstances connected with the which a of justice and policy of the measures adopted in ri thereto by the government of the United man deriving bis knowledge of the prev’ tween the two countries entirely from this message, would be led to conclude that there never had ex! and truculent as tl ind long suffering, un sion of grievous outrages, i, it facta the hich would little surprise the minds of ive their knowledge on the subject from than presidonts’ messages. Most ani nt of the United States has, ith but little complaint and with for procuring redress, ic plunder of American vessels and American subjects in the i til these robberic of dollars,—eithi the United Teality of these fact governm ¢ 1 We 5 i ards a spirit exceedingly different from in more generally fore: ited | that which it displays in intercourse with other na. a twelvemonth since, it would have tter provided | tions, whether w rful. But will any at. Let not the thing bi other tha) ‘© these extraordinary next C! it not be said, in ries ? ts half and q' ures, Who could cation could dd seen 80 liorrid an extremity?” know that the Irish land owners will fight almost unto death, and be ready for repeal or rebellion itself, It is to anticipate their inte [From the London Cronicle,) Never fear the omission of an equivocal expression.— This is No one knows the good things that you reject. good rule in rhetoric, and one that both the lengthy the br Iliant should keep before them. Linder is highest inspiration, and during the ition of his most patriotic periods, President must occasionally have wished the r t oF that inherent love ot one’s own ideas, w we have quoted is levelled ageinst, some of them might b him to pudiated. Little as his nationality allo imitate Britain, or little as his republicanism recognises the fashion of either prince or potentate, he may ha: thought, under the burden of presidential lengthines the convenient brevity of a Qi peech in the mo- ther country. Itisa great thing man with a bad case to find a custom thi explanation. Pleasant things, too, that carry you pede that you Whe for ‘t dispenses with the details of thoi of, co that is nothing if not critical paid for what it listens to, and tiousness, for sufering i the verbosity of - juantity, they want specialities way of explanation. Half Congress, halt hustin, listeners to a Prosidont’s Message are disappointe it that contain neither trap nora pledge. of yesterday paper to the Presidential Mess: with an elaborate defen Mexico. the readii and the oppressions Pp f the equitable Musco that spoke of dang powerful Mahometan aT reviewed the history of its own territorial acqui and wound up with a pharisaioal encomium upon its own moderation towards the world in general, and towai Turkey in particular. Such a document would be but type of Mr. Polk’s culogium on the forbearance of Ame. rica. It seems @ monstrous thing that mouth of man should run on thus; that it should le hypocrisy in the d light; thatit should insult the understanding of a wor! Full well do we blish the otherwise tho American himself at liber- to be brief. He must also have wished that, in spite ralities can & men do who must empty his | share of our | |. | he been committed, is it probable thi nacious and so’ exigent as that of would overnment 80 t 6 United State to prove a great serve to throw a gon- ad his reasonings on plunged them. But, whatever may be thought of conduct towards Mexico, there which will be read with grea faction in this coun- try, namely, that wherein he refers to the refoi the United States tarif, and to the free-trade moasures so wisely und opportunely paragraphs relati: given at longth Lit cial t inthe United States during the term of Mr Polk's presidency. the defence of his artof the message Amertean Diplomacy Abroa [From the Paris Constitationnel, December 9.) Some meation has lately been made in the journels of difference which took place at the Mauritius between M. Barbet de Jouy, the French Consul, and Admiral Dacres, comma on the English station. If we be rightly informe. the facts :—Admiral | Dacres having hi on board the President frigate, in- tending to give a féte to the chief inhabitants of ti sland, made Loe Preparations on board his ship, and sent out his invitation list. M, Barbet de Jouy, among others, received one. w hours afterwards, he was waited upon by two English officers in uniform, who in- formed him that they were desired by their Admiral to require the return of the invitation he had received, ad- ding, that their visit was the consequence of a breach of etiquette on the part of M. Barbet de Jouy in not i in person to pay a visit to the Admiral, who had arrived some days previously. M. Baroet de Jovy, fecling offended, immediately wrote to the Go vernor, requiring reparation. Dacres in torms of strong indignation, return. ult for insult, adding that, were it not fur his own official situation, he should call on the admiral for per sonal satisfaction. We are confidently assured that M Barbet de Jony has forwarded a report containing aii the ircumatances to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, along Mauritius, wherein it is stated that he (the Amerioen Consul) had attended the fite without any impediment having been offered by the British officers, ani yet that not, any more than M. Barbet de Jouy, paid a visit Ho also wrote to Ad: | with a letter from the Consul of the United States at the | witt some party or other. for in many instances the communest precautions seem to have been neglected. We hear of remote districts where journies of 40 or 50 mil cluding the polos end return,are made by the poor man before his family cun be supplied with their sleuder rovision of Indian m Such should not be the case. it is the duty of some one, if not to give him food, at leust to place it within his reach. It isthe duty of the ‘overnment to eatablish in such places depots, where those who may be fortunate enough to possess the means can buy. Yes, and it is the duty of the whole nation that, whil necessaries of life aro placed within the easy reach of those who can purchase it, it should at the same time be given to those who cannot. hould save | Ireland from starvation now, aud by developing her nu- | merous resources, governing h with justice, | and rendering them obedient to t " ious in their dispositions, compel her to avoid a similar catas- trophe hereatter. France. The royal ordinence for the convocation of the Cham- bers bas not yet appeared, but no doubt is entertained that the day taat will be fixed will be the 20th January ‘Tho ro-assombling of the legislature is looked forward to with great interest, as the matters to be discussed are of vast importance, andeven carry the question of wer or Peace in their solution. The recent arrivals from tho United States, though bringing news of considerable importance, have not ex- cited any very great interest here. Some of the news- pene denounce the bombardment of Tubasco as a use- ‘tau piece of cruelty ; others speak of it as a brilliant achievement ; but all agree that the taking of the town is of considerable importance. The taking of 'ampico is, however, held to be the mostimportant measure ac- complished since the commencement of the As to the probabio result of the contest, the Paris an journals generally speaking, are by no moans so confident of the eventual triumph of the Americans as they once were. They do not doubt, indeed, that in any stand-up fight the Mexicans would be beaten ; but they calculate that the Americans will be worn out by fatigue and sickness, and will encounter great difticuities from the scarcity of money. ‘Touching the threat of the United States Government | to consider wil privateer men accepting Mexican nation ality a8 pirates, and to treat them as such, doubts are ex- pressed us to its lawfulness in an international point of view, and & very strong opinion is given that it would be most impolitic. The National, the republican newa- paper, which is remarkably friendly to the United States, wxpresses a hopo thatthe American Government will not persist in its intention; and your coutemporary reminds itthatthe United States adopted an entirely different proceeding during their wara with England. the Courier Francais says thatthe castle of St. Juan d’Ulloa is tortified in the most formidable manner with tour hundred cannons, and that itis almost impossible to capture it. A Frenchman has justcompleted some ex tensive repairs and new defencestierein. The Fronch, says your contempory, did actually capture that im- portant fortress, notwi‘hstanding the American sailors as- tert the contrary. The French Government has just caused a medal to be struck commemorating that cupture. The intelligence of the arrest of the French consul in California by the United States commander is generally discredited No one believes that the Fren h consul can have given any cause forsuch a procee ing; and even il he had, it is not considered likely that any Ame- rican officer would have had the imprudence to throw tuto prison a diplomatic agent of France. - The Government has authorized American corn im- ported into England to be brought to Franco in British vessels, ‘This haa caused great dissatisfuction to the shipping ivterest. The Minister of Commerce has just issued a royal ordi- nance, authorizing the exportation of beetroot angar to foreign pl This measure will \ave tho effect of nch eugar-makers in France to send their eng. In the third month of the present r king season, the production of beetroot sugar in France amounted to 16% millions kilogrammes, being an increase of 64 millions over the corresponding period of last year. The Meniteur contains a royal ordonunance, declarin; that though, according to the treaty of commerce an navigation, coneluded in 1826, between France and Eng- land, which ordains that the products of Asia, Africa and America, imported in French vessels into England, and in English vessels into France, were to be admit ed only in bond for re-axportation ; yet under preseut circum. stances, as it would not be advisable to throw any ob & stacles ‘in the way of obtaining additional supplies of | corn, the said treaty is suspended until further orders in what relates to American corn and flour imported from British ports The same journal also publishes a re- port to the King from the Minister of Commerce, re commending a modification of the duties on corn in the French West India colonies. Tie report says :— Our Antilles and the [ land of Bourbon, usually ob- tain their corn from France. This is rather an im- portant market for our agriculture, and the tariffs have beon applied in such a way as to’ preserve it, by tax- ing at a high rate the foreign corn imported into our co- lonies. But under existing circumstances, the mother country, having in the first instance secured @ supply for hersel{, that of the colonies would become diflicult if the present duties were not reduced until a new nar- course of exports ‘mit to the approbation of your majesty the drait of an ordonnance, substituting, provisionally, simple duties of control for the taxes established in the Antilles and the island of Bourbun upon wheaten flour, and alvo on In dian corn (muis) and dried vegetables.” The report i# followed by a royal ordonnance, fixing the duty on wheaten flour at 2{ the 100 kils, on dried vegetables 250 ditto; Indian cora in grain bc ditto; in flour 400. ‘The Protectionisis are bestrring themselves actively in opposition to the free traders, aud have succeeded in inducing many importaot towns and commercial bodies to declare themselves in favor of their principles. At this present moment the position and prospects of free trade are more _ discouraging than they have hitherto Itappearsthat an Anglo-French company has obtained from the government of NewGrenada permission to ferm a railway acros , but the legiala- its sanction. No- itis not doubted that it will soon do so, and expected that the work will be commenced early in spring. Some of the newspapers state, without, however, giv- ing th authority, that the French Admiral Cecile, in Jnited States Commodore Biddle, | and compelled the autho- umperor, demanding cer- tain concessions to Europeans. There is perhaps no truth in this story, but it is nevertheless certain that the French would be very happy 10 throw open Japan us the English opened China, could they only find a decent excuse for #0 doing. A Mexican lotter to the newspapers, complainin manner in which they tleman residing at Paris has addressed a of the disdainful y ‘Anna having seized the two | million of dollars belonging to English morchante. He says that ic is proved, by official documents of unques- tionable authenticity, tht having with 2000 men conquere batile of Monterey, is entirely fal 400 intantry, 600 ouvalry, 400 10 pieces of cannon of 4 and 3000 men in the first day's combi 4,000 in the Fe cond, with 22 pieces of artillery, greater part being of 18. He charvetersses the destruction of Tobasco as 1, useless and really bardarow ind which, if done | in Europe, would have caied forth a Ke ery of in- ra, (ou, at (he Americans for attaok- | 1 not venturing to attack San Juan ruz, where they would flad an armed that it was not in such a | cted. ies of American flour bave arrived io Paris trom Havre The flour was brought up | the Seine in barges, and was packed in casks. A cons! Americans had vest shall permit the corn trade to resume the regular | \) I have, therefore, the honor to sub- | | 2B ong the Ghilzies | ded to. derable crowd assembled on the quays to witness loading of this, for Paris, novel cites, a Attempts made to cultivate rice in France, have so extraordiuarily successful, that it is probable rice beoome before Jong an important article of culture. ‘The Paris papers of the 9th ultimo, ‘were oeew- pled at cousiderable length By, respectively of importance. ese are— fiscation of Cracow ; the scarcity of grain and four; cad the difficulties of the Bank of France, arising prince out of the immense sums paid for foreign corn, to ate the deficiency of the late ba vest. The first of these subjects would derive additional in terest should the reported demise of Prince Metternich, referred to below fe our Paris correspondence, be con- firmed. The sufficiency of the stock of corn and fess en hand to maintain the country until the harvest of 1 commences, was denied i: our communications. The bank difficulties will, we told, be surmounted In the way mentioned in the London Times of the 8th, namely, ao issue of @ portion of the government stock oa Belgium. The dates from Brussels are to Dec. $1. The exporte- tions and importations of Belgium in 1845, were 9T7 mil- lions francs, France sent 67 millions products to Bel- gium and received 109 millions. Great Britain sent 108 millions and received 20. The U. 8. sent 29 millions and received 83% millions. The inhabitants of Berlin have presented an address to the municipal autborit raying them to petition the King for the long promised constitution. Itis announced the King of Prussia bas signified to England that be does not intend to continue the navige- tion treaty made between them in 1811. With this reso- lution he connected the augmentation of duties Loy 4 impesed by the Zollverein on various manufactured cles, and particularly on Cotton and Linen threads may be concluded that the German Custom’s Union is enter ing into a new commereial phasis. Portugal. Tho Tiempo states that Generals Bomfin and Celestine had effectea # junction with Das Antas at Santarem, i letely out manmuvred th ored to pre’ junction. The losses of Sa c at C have been much exaggerated. In the bu by Sada Bandoira he admits that two regiments deserted to but states that, notwith- standing this desertion, ted the troops of Cazal. i party seems inclined to accept the mediation of . Wy! By advices subsequently received,it appears that hav teas aettvaly’ beoectovieg ani enero att iaer Rae cesado party, has furnished Cazal, who was driven into Spain by Sa da Bandeira, with arms, amunition, and every sort ef assistance. Cazal returned to nies and purchased his victory over Sa da Bandeira a liberal expenditure of the dollars which he had received from Spain, with which he corruj the two regiments of the line who deserted from jandeira in the midst le. Das Antas still continues in Sentarem, where plied with provisions. If he can hold his Saldanha must either attack him @ plains about neral, Bomfin, has commetely out macq@uvred the Queen’s general Sch . The whole of Alemtejo is now in the possession of the ee lar party, who are om ng Cie a ko. ire has only 160 men e only yee lemtejo that obeys lestino is with Bomfin. Count de Tho people there are in high spirits, and well able te re- sist he attack. All that is known from Oporto is, that Sa da Bandeira is now thet He wes worsted in the affair with Cazel at Valpassos, but no particulars subse- quent to it are known. The Marquises Valloda, Minas, Niza, and Fayal, Counts Ribeira, Rio, Maior, Arcos, Alva, Alcacovas, Galveas, and other noblemen, have er left Lisbon for | Cadiz, or have sougit refuge on beard the English squadron and Fiench brig-of-war. The latest accounts from the seat of this civil insurrec- tiun add nothing of importance, and are occupied with the details of movements of th vt han troops. leit Santarem, to which place, after having passed the bridge of Asseca, he again returned, when a commotion took place amongst his troops, and twe hundred of them Jott Lim, and joined the royal brigade at Villa Nove. Switzerland. Nothing of any great importance has occured here of late; but no doubt important matters will soon be on the tapis, and then we auail probably be at daggers drawn with Austria, and perhaps also with France. Our new democratic government is getting on mush better than was expected. Ithas recently been obliged to dismiss some functionaries of the late government, in compliance with the wish of the people; but, with this exception, it has acted with great propriety and firm- ness. Turkey. Lotters from Mossou! state that Bedherban Bey is con- tinuing his ravages. A of pastoral Nestorians, call- ed the Khozani, who had hitherto escaped the savage fu efthe Kurdish chief, have been his last victims. herhan Bey demanded 26,000 sheep of the dunge, or bead shepherd of the Khozani dunga, in the hope of in- ducing him to moderate his demand, repeired to the Kurdish camp, and offered half the number. Bedberhan Bey, *o far from accepting the proposition, bad the dum i seized und dung dowa a precipiee ; then, with the bleeding and maogied body borne before him, he march- ed into the territory of the Khozani. In a few days the whole country was laid waste with fire and sword. Six- ty-seven villogos were pillaged and then burnt. At « place called Kaabour, ho murdered 800 persons in cold blood. The most horrible cruelties were overy where perpetrated by these monsters. Maer Johannah, the se- cond patriarch, was impated alive. Several Nestorians, particularly the priests, hud oil poured over their bodies, ‘and were then roasted betore a slow fire, amidst the jeer and savage yells of their tormentors. Algeria. The Parise Constitutionne! save We are eonfident- ly informed that at the moment of the exchange of the French prisoners for the stipulated 50 000 francs, a letter written direct to the King by Abdel-Kader, making overtures for pegce, was dolivered to the chief of the expedition. is ih at the Emir has been | constant ing fe 1W negotiation with France, in order thas be may recover, In the eyenct hue Auibe, their former conviction of his power, and afford him that repose of which ho stand: much in need.” The be bats notices ebove as a stock exchange report, and says it knows not on whet grounds it is founded. ind! The express in anticipation of the bi-monthly mail from India reached London, Marseilles, on the 27th ult, by which we have accounts from Bombay to Nov. 16; Calcutta Nov, 8; Madras, Nov. 12; and Hong Kong, Oct. 30 The news from the Kingdem of Labre and the new kingdom of Jamoo represent them both as propped up by We British troops. in Jamoo {there are four armies, besides the troops of numerous mountain a The it, that of Gholah Singh, whe is strag- ion Of his purchased jeignty, most discordant materials; 58 Ys ngth of which is unknown) of smaum-o d Deen, who, secure in the vale of ‘ashmere, retu submitto Gholab, third, the force ‘hich under the eral, Tej Singh, has gene on ne (to them) most repugnant mission of fighting for the or Gholab: d fourth, the two British divisions com- ded by General Littler and Wheeler, who are in on of Jamoo, the cupital, which they have under- taken bs protect for Gholab while he himself is engaged | in the fleid The position of Gholab Singh is represented as being very critical. He is becoming daily more and more em- barrassed,and will have to yield the rule of the newly ac- quired country to other petty sovereigns who may per- | haps pay him tribate for a few seaso: | Shiek off the day ber. Thi r Jonn Littler's force, which nped st Bukrewallah Ghat, on one side of the nd Brigadier Wheeler on the other, is to the effect that they were all disappoint of the which ought to hi | fore the Soth, but had not taken pb e hore and British forces were delayed several days by heavy ri Tv jead us to under- stand that the troops advancing om hinere had been ordered to fall back, in consequ it was su} le 4 satisfactory conclusion of the arrangements with the insurgents. T + latest news from Cabool is to the 24th August,but of no great moment. The country seems in a most mi | serable condition, with, as the Dethi Gaxette's corres: pondent says, “an impotent ruler, a cruel Wuzeer,e starving srmy, and merchants ruined by the plunder of | their kafilas’ The marriage of Akhbar Khan with the eceived by this arriv | daughter of Yar Mahomed of Herat has been celebrated withas much pomp and festivity as the poor court of Ca- | bool would compass. But the bridegroom wes afflicted with sore eyes, which made him more than unusually ir- ritable, and the fruits of certain evil deeds of his were now springing forth in the shape of an insurrection nd thus, partly from bodily sufer- ing, and partly trom the mental, pain arising from his fa ther’s reprouches, and the maledictions of the people, the time must have been one of anything but pleasure or | happiness to Akhbar Khan. From Sciende there is no news of importance. Sir Charles Napier was at Kurrachee, where the climate | was pleasant. Preparations are going forward for the removalzot five native regiments from Sciende in the course of January or February next, unless their pre- sence should be required by aby disturbance without the | frontior. It will speak volumes for the system of ©. Na- | pier, if, after the suttlement of fhe Punjaub, such a large foreo can be removed from Sciende without any distar- bances being created there. Sir Charles presented colors on the d4thot November to the lst Bombay F usileors.— His address wan most effective. In the interior of Lodia tranquility coor The Ni- ram's Government is undergoing @ favorable change. He has at length named as Dewan, or Minister, the na tive nobleman whom the British Resident bad previous: ly proposed, batto whom the Nizam had refused to Krant por The new minister is #oore)-ool Mook, wod is described as being possessed of great administea- China, The news from China tive qualities. sting. A conflict had hinese and Portuguese at ind general regulauons, in the courre of which several of the Chinese im consequence of the firmness of the Portugti ‘The sollowing are the particulars of The Chinese have aiways looked upon tunu 1s tenants at-will i their right orcise authority over the sons of ign only to their own Mandarins, ew