The New York Herald Newspaper, August 23, 1845, Page 2

* New York, faturday, August 23, 1845. PA ARAL I san cnt ane maaan ROT ‘The Weekly Herald. ‘The Mlustrated Weekly Herald will be ready for delivery this morning, at 8 o'clock. It is beautuful- ly illustrated with a most splendid engraving of a view of, the interior of the New Bowery Theatre.— It will contain the latest news from Mexico ; Kuro- pean news by the “Hibernia” steamer; full and graphic reports of the anti-rent disturbances ; the dreadful affair in Washington; the execution of Carter and Parke for the murder of the Castner fa- mily, and other incidents of the week ; forming one of the best weekly newspapers extant. May be had at the counter, in wrappers, at 6] cents per copy. Mexico—The War Question. The question of peace or war with Mexico is still the universal topic of discussion. It has not at all been relieved of any of its difficulty, and doubt, and consequent interest, by the intelligence brought by the “Water Witch” from Vera Cruz, which we is- sued in an extra yesterday afternoon, and which is to be found in another column of our paper this morning. This is, indeed, the only subject now talked of in Wall street, all round about town, at the corners of the streets, amongst politicians, and it has even found its way to the drawing-rooms, theatres and other places where you seldom hear of such topics. Will Mexico declare war? Will the Congress vote in favor of that declaration? Can they raise the fifteen millions? How will they carry on the war? Will Mexico issue letters of marque and reprisalf{ Where will their privateers assail American commerce? Will the English captalists, under the sanction of the English Government, fur- nish{the loan?{Will the clergy ot Mexico, out of hosti- lity to the Puritans of NewEngland, themselves raise the money? Will the British Government interfere in the question? And will France join her?) What effect will this war movement have on the peace of the world? What will be its issue? _Is it the com- mencement of a new and great period in human his- tory? These are questions which are discussed in all quarters and amongst all classes of society. It is al- most impossible,to settle any of them satisfactorily un_ til we have further intelligence of the action of the Mexican Congress. Amongst commercial men, whose interests would be seriously affected by any interruption of the present peaceful relations of the great nations of the world, the opinion is firmly maintained that Mexico will,not declare war—that she cannot raise the means—and that she will con- tent herself with a non-intercourse act, or no action atall. We are not so sure that this will be the case. There still seems to be every probability that the Mexican Congress will pass a vote in favor of a de_ siaration of war. The matter of raising the'fifteen mil- lions is another question. tis possibje thatthe pre- sent government of Mexico, or any government in Mexico, may not be able to raise such a sum by any system of finance or any mode of ferced contribu- tion. But if the clergy of Mexico should apprehend that the Protestant Republic of the United States in- tends further encroachments upon Mexico, they pos- sessing, as they do, sucha large proportion of the wealth of that republic, would be able to raise more than double that sum, and thus ward off what they regard as the invasion of the Protestant races of the North. Again, according to some accounts, it is probable that the English capitalists, perhaps secretly encour- aged by the English government, may not be averse to raising such a sum of money in order to make a case of mediation for Great Britain, when the United States and Mexico get to war, and thus government have issued orders to General Taylor to assail it and to reduce it at once, and, at the same time, to take possession of the whole east bank of the Rio Grande, from its source to its mouth. This step may present points of international law against us, of which the Mexican government will endeavor to avail themselves; and if France and England be called in as arbitrators, we can easily guess how the decision will go. But it is a question in our minds whether the public feeling in this country would tolerate the interference of England in any shape or form. At all events, we are now in the beginning of a great game among the nations. This is the awaken- ing of the war spirit of the present century, lulled for years and years past ; and it is, we understand, about to break forth in this city in the shape of a great public meeting, as soon as the news of some settled determination on the part of Mexico is received. We see it stated in the government organ that preparations are already making in the the city of New York for calling a public meeting to support the government if a war with Mexice should be the result of the present movement. We have no doubt the popular feeling in all the Northern States will be of one characterand one complexion, and that with the exception of the commercial in- terest engaged in the shipping trade, all parties will] be in favor of carrying on the war with vigor and spirit. Such is the position of this important question, and the aspect of aflairs to-day. It may, however, all be changed in less than twenty-four hours, by the receipt of the next news from New Orleans. We are on the verge of one of the most eventfu) periods of the present century, or of any former age. Within the decision of the Mexican Congress, and | the action of the American government, we believe, | may be found that spirit which may change the des- | tiny of the governments of Europe and of the whole civilized world. It war between two great repub- lies break out, and if the United States present a | spectacle to the civilized world beyond the Atlantic, of vigor and power, it may alarm the governments ot Europe, and produce a reaction amongst the popu- lar masses there, that will never stop short of a complete and radical revolution. ‘These are stirring times. Symrroms or War—Preparations ror Depre- pations oN American CommERce.—The packet ship St. Nicholas, from Havre, arrived at this port on Wednesday last. During the voyage, a very extraordinary,incident occurred, and the interest and importance’of which our readers will easily judge when we recite the details. When in latitude forty-four and an half, and just as she was about to approach the south east bank ott Newfoundland, the captain of the St. Nicholas observed to windward two brigs sailing directly across his course, which was from east to west. These brigs were evidently new, rakishly built, were at (his time close reefed and showed Spanish colors. The wind was from the south east, blow - ing moderately and as favorable as possible to any vessel bound either for Europe or any port on the three great and mighty citiee—New York, Syracuse and Buffalo, At this moment, New York, probably numbers, with its suburbs, nearly 600,000 inhabitants, and its population is ‘increasing in geometricel jon. Old citi born and brought up in this city, walk down to the Battery and up Broad- way, hardly recogniging a single face they meet, so numerous, and miultitudinous, and mighty is the population of New York becoming. Albany, Troy, Uti¢a, all the cities and towns on that route have reached their ultimatum. Syracuse in the centre of the State, surrounded by inexhaustible salt-springs, encompassed by a beautiful and fertile country, and ‘ at an early day destined to be the legislative capital of the State, must grow and grow until it be the second or third in magnitude in this State. Nothing can prevent Syracuse from surpassing in wealth and revenue, and population, and everything, every town and city between New York and its boun- daries. Buffalo will be the great capital of the Western region of the State—the New York of the American Mediterranean. It is growing everyjyear with the greatest rapidity. It possesses a wonderful popula- tion, singularly elastic, remarkably speculative, liable to sudden expansions and explosions of all kinds, but in a very few years it will attain stability, and become one of the greatest and most important cities in the interior of the United States. In the first place, it must be the great central port of the lakes. Some philoso- phers, indeed, talk about changing the destination of western wealth and produce and commercial en- terprise from Buffalo to Toronto and Ogdensburgh. That is allan idle dream. There are natural ele- ments which must secure the growth and greatness of Buffalo, which many do not imagine, and the im- portance of which few can fully appreciate. The tremendous water power of the mighty Niagara is destined one day to be tributary to the city of Buf- falo. Fora distance of neatly one hundred miles, from Lewiston to the Genesee Fall eastward, at the base of a mountain ridge which runs along in that direction, are sites for manufacturing establishments equal to the whole of the present steam-power of England. And this vast water-power will not always be unemployed. Long siace it has attracted the at- tention of intelligent capitalists. The company who established the factories at Lowell had at first fixed on this very region in the neighborhood of Niagara asthe scene of their enterprise. It was only the refusal of the Porter family, who own the lands, to meet the terms of the company that prevented the establishment of the Lowell mills there. Afterwards the proprietor was willing to accede to the terms of the company, butin the meantime they had com- menced operations for their settlement at Lowell, on the Merrimack river. ferry boat. And agit operates upon an entirely new principle, it will be a source of great curiosity to the American people. The machine consists of a cylin- drical shaped boiler, about ten feet long, similar in construction to a locomotive boiier, having the fire contained within, and passing through tubes which are surrounded by the water, and thence intoachim- ney. On the top,of the boiler, running its entire length, are 240 bent iron tubes, terminating in jets, having peculiar shaped apertures formed of very hard wood, which experience has proved to be best cal- culated to develope the electric action ; from these the steam issues—the tubes spring from one com- mon pipe, which is divided in the middle, and com- mwunicates with the boiler by two elbows; by this contrivance, the steam is admitted either to the whole or part of the tubes. Above the boiler are two hollow metal arms, to each of which are attached 70 smail iron tubes, the ends of which are furnished with proper jets, and by the passage of steam through which, the electricity is produced; the steam is admitted to the arms, and consequently through the small tubes, by turning a handle, which is connected internally with a valve covered by a cap, and allows the steam to flow through the junction pipes. A row of pipes are fitted to the metal arms, through which the steam issues andare enclosed by a casing. ‘ This casing or box is termed the condenser, and for the purpose of producing a certain condensation of the steam in its passage through the pipes, previ- ous to its emission from the caps on their extremi- ties, this condenser is supplied with water, as it is required. At the end of each tube there is a meta- lie cap through which the steam issues, and is blown upon points situated about a foot distant. When the machine is in action, the positive electricity is pro- duced and may be collected from a ball connected with the points, and the negative from all parts of the boiler; the electricity is occasioned by the fric- tion of the particles of water.after condensation. It appears that the phenomenon was first noticed by the engine men having the care of an engine at Seghill ; it happened that the cement, by which the fety valve was secured to the bailer, had a crack iit, and though this fissure a copious horizontal jet of steam continually issued. Soon after this took place, the engine man,having one of his hands acci- dentally immersed in the issuing steam, presentin; the other to the lever of the valve, with a view of ad- justing the weight, when he was greatly. surprised by the appearance of a brilliant spark, which passed between the lever and his hand, and was accompa- nied by a violeat wrench in his arms, wholly unlike anything he had ever before experienced. The same eflect was produced whenever he attempted to touch any fer of the boiler, or any iron work con- nected with it, provided his other hand was exposed to the action of the steam. He next found that while he held one hand in the jet of steam, he communica- ted a shock to every person whom he touched with Bat a new set of capitalists will, undoubtedly, ere long, commence the creation of that immense man- ufacturing city that must, in process of time, exist in the neighborhood of the Falls. And as the Niag- ara River, between the Falls and Butlalo, may be said to constitute one continued harbor, and at the same time connects the former region with the American continent. But here were these brigs making due north, a course which would take them to Greenland. ‘* Where could they be bound?” “What were they?’ These were the questions asked with no little interest on board the St. Ni- cholas, and the suspicions which had been awaken- ed,by the appearance of the brigs was not at all dimi- nished when, as the wind shifted towards the west, and the St. Nicholas diverged somewhat from her former course, the brigs came within hailing dis- tance, crossedyeach other’s bows, evidently for the purpose of exchanging communications. Shortly Lakes and the city of Buffalo, the natural enérepot on their borders, the two places will grow up into one of the greatest manufacturing and commercial cities in the world. Buffalo, let us recollect, is within reach of the cotton of the Southwest—the iron mines of the West—the coal mines of Ohio—all of which can be transported thither at much cheaper rates up the Mississippi, than they can be conveyed to Lowell. Nothing, then, it is easily perceived, can prevent the creation, on the western border of our great State, of a manufacturing city, far greater and more prosperous than the Manchesters or Glas- endeavor to settle this difficulty, and prevent, by a | alter this, a large {square rigged merchant vessel ap- gows of the old world strong intervention of European powers, any further encroachments on the Mexican territory by the United States. It is well-known that the English merchants and English government have a deep interest in the preservation of Mexico as she now exists. The interest in England in the Mexican mines is immense. The English capitalists are the creditors of the Mexican government to the amount of fifty or sixty millions. If, therefore, the annexa- tion of Texas should be allowed to pass quietly and peaceably, without any noise made about it, or any fuss created, the British people and government might be led to suppose that annexation would be only the first step on the part of the United States, and that further attempts would be made by this country to become possessed of the whole of Mexico—California and all, in process of time. The British government may, therefore, wish to check— to stop—or to put an end to what they call de- mocratic ambition, and the extension of demo- cratic territory. They may, therefore, secretly encourage the Mexican government to declare war, in order to farnish them with an opportunity to step in as mediator, in connection with France, and de- cide against us. We have understood that this is the opinion entertained by the British Consul at New Orleans, now in this city, and who had in the southwestern capital, frequent interviews and peared in the western horizon, and bore down to- wards the St. Nicholas. Again the brigs came within speaking distance of each other, and now seriously alarmed, the St. Nicholas crowded on her canvass, and aided by the wind and the darkness of tae night made her escape. The Captain and intelligent passengers of the St. Nicholas are firm in the belief that those suspicious looking brigs were Mexican cruisers carrying let- ters of marque and reprisal. Circumstances cer- tainly justify ina great degree such a conjecture. What object could such vessels have had, close-reef- ed and evidently cruising about, consistent with the character of peaceful merchant craft? The latitude in which they were observed also favors the suppo- sition that they were privateers. They were direct- ly in the track ofall the packet ships sailing between Liverpool, London, and Havre, and our Atlantic sea ports. We frankly confess that after carefully and calmly looking at all the circumstances connected with this curious incident, we are ourselves disposed to agree with the Captain and passengers of the St. Nicholas in their opinion as to the character of the two brigs. Most of our readers are aware that re- ports have been from time to time reaching us to the effect that hundreds of blank letters of maique have been already issued by the Mexican government, and are now in the hands of parties in Cuba and New Movement or Bisnor Hueues.—A good deal of interest has been excited in some quarters, relative tothe movements of Bishop Hughes this summer. It seems his reverence has been making aregular tour of the fashionable watering places, and, according to last accounts, was sojourning at that “ Vanity Fair,” Saratoga. So great was the haste of the Right Rev. Father in God to get to “the Springs,” that it is said he passed through Albany without even calling on any of his clergy, or the “faithful,” spending the whole of his time, whilst he staid in that ancient city, with his respectable, but heretical friend, Thurlow Weed. Some say that the Bishop is about to become a second St. Xavier, precipitating himself into the very depths of this world’s profanity and corruption, in order to call sinners to repentance. Others avow that some ter- rible Jesuitical plot is in progress. It is well known that we have all the churches under our supervision; and in order to quiet the sears of the wide awake Protestant believers, as well as to soothe the rising discontent of the Catholic ‘ faithful,” we will atlec- tionately take Bishop Hughes into our especial care and keeping, and, if possible, sately conduct him through all the temptations of the fashionable wa- tering places. From Cenrran ‘Amenrica.—-The splendid brig private consultations with the Mexican Consul who elsewhere, ready to be filled up and acted upon the | Thos. H. Benton, Capt. Roberts, arrived yesterday recently left that place. It is also the opinion we | Moment that war is declared. Is it not, indeed, al. | morning, in thirty-four days, from San Juan Nicara- have been given to understand of the Russian minis- ter, Mr. Bodisco, and, indeed, it appears to be the most certain that the suspicious vessels, seen by the Gaptain of the St. Nicholasgwere privateers, fully gua. It was reported, a short time before Capt. R. left, that Carillo, the exiled chief of Costa Rica, had general opinion of all the diplomatic corps,including prepared to make depredations on our commerce as| been murdered in San Salvador. In the State of Mr. Pakenham. soon as they could receive intimation of the com- Costa Rica all was quiet. In the State of San Sal- The recent accounts received yesterday from | ™encement of hostilities? Ifthey were vessels em-| vador there were manifestations of discontent, and New Orleans,and which were brought by the Water Witch, indicate, it is true, some data on the debate and discussion of a public declaration of war on the part of the Mexican Congress, but the acts of the Executive government seem to be decided, prompt, and determined in favor of war. They have al- ready ten thousand troops moving towards the frontier, and’ the probability is that expedition may have been the result of the pending election in that republic,which was determined on the Ist inst. All parties will agree on making some hostile de- monstrations against the United States. Amongst all those whose business it is to form accurate opi- nions on these matters—the diplomatic circles—we find that the balances are in favor of believing that war of some kind will be perpetrated by Mexice on the United States. If the Catholic clergy of Mex- ico choose, they can raise double the fifteen millions, in order to repel what they call an invasion of their soil by the heretics. This,would be exclu- sive of the chance which they possess of drawing ployed in the peaceful service of legitimate com- merce,why would they have steered such a course— why were they close-reeted when no necessity ex- isted fer it—why make such suspicious movements? One thing is certain, at all events, better cruising ground for the privateer than that to be found in the latitudes where these suspicious-looking jbrigs were observed, could not befound. There a large portion of the most valuable commerce of this country is to be fallen in with, and i is utterly unprotected! Yes, unsuspecting aud confiding reader, the whole of our commercial marine employed in the trade with Great Britain and France, is at this moment entirely at the mercy of the marauder on the high seas. Our numerous and stately European packet-ships, the just pride of our merchants and seamen, laden with the richest merchandise, and the still more precious freight of our mothers, sisters, daughter, and dearest relatives, who may cross the Atlantic, are entirely unprotected. In case of the sudden breaking out ef hostilities between the United States much uneasy movement existed ; the former chief, Malespina, was trying to reinstate himself. From Gvayama, P. R.—Bng /Zolus, Capt. Lewis, arrived yesterday, bringing accounts to the 5th inst Capt. L. states that the sugar cane within the neiggh- borhood of Guayama looks exceedingly,well, and it is generally believed the crops will far exceed the preceding year. The balance of last year’s crop had been all sold for Europe, and the vessels in port would take all that remained. Freights were very dull at Guayama when Capt. L. left. ImporTaNT FROM THE ANTI-ReNT ReGion.—We refer our readers to our special correspendence from Delhi. The expedition which left Delhi was in- tended to go to Schoharie, where the insurrection was next expected to break out. Half a dozencoun- ties are now on the eve of insurrection. Beavrirun Fanny Gorpon.—This is the beauti- ful young actress who hasjust made her debut in the funds from the capitalists of England. The only | 42d Mexico—and who can tell how soon that hour | Park Theatre, and created a perfect mania among . Class of persons, therefore, who entertain opinions in favor of peace, and that Mexico will not make war, are those engaged in commercial affairs in this country, and their sentiments and opinions are swayed by their interests. ‘Thus stands this most important question of a war with Mexico. On its decision hangs a mSltitude of the most important questions of the present age. If war be determined on by Mexico, all local ques- tions in this country will be swallowed up and overwhelmed in the far more paramount and important question of carrying on the war with vigor. What then will avail all the efforts of the Secretary of the Treasury, to present a new aspect of the tariff question, for the purpose of pro- curing a diminution of the duties? Why, instead of a decrease, a large increase will be demanded, and articles now free must be heavily taxed, in order to supply the means of conducting the war operations. The Sub-Treasury question will share the same fate. There will be precious little money or specie to be bestowed in Sub-treasuries, or public and private depositories of any description. ‘The slavery ques- tion will remain acoup de gras. In fact, every local —every mere sectional party question, will take a new shape and anew direction, by this most pressing and all-absorbing question of a war with Mexico, and the opening of a new game amongst the nations, which may end in one of the greatesy changes and revolutions over the face of the civilized globe, that has yet taken place in the history of the world And our government is, we believe, determined to commence and carry on the war with vigor and spirit, The Brazos Santiago, a military post on the may come ?—every one of the packets then on the Atlantic may be captured, plundered of its cargo, and scenes of blood and violence perpetrated on its decks, at the very thought of which humanity shud- ders. Ought this so to be? Is the government not culpable in the extreme for this almost incredible oversight in not making due preparations to protect one of the most important branches of our com- merce? We hear a great deal said about the activity and foresight of the government in sending a strong naval force to the Gulf of Mexico, and the following list, showing the present disposition of our little navy, is paraded in the newspapers : Gulf of Mexico. . Pacific Ocean. . Brazil. . 4 Eleven vessels of war in the Gulf of Mexico, but on the broad Atlantic, the chosen field of the pirate and marauder, not one! We call on the government at once to awake to a sense of their duty in this matter. Let a strong Atlantic squadron be at once ordered to sea, The force on the Pacific, we must nt omit noting, isfaltogether inadequate. Let itbe strength- ened. But let there be not one hour’s delay in sup- plying sufficient protection to our commerce on the Atlantic. Sreamsuir Great Western leaves Liverpool to- day for this port, and may be expected about the Sth proximo, the play goers. She was engaged by Simpson, and is “one picked out of ten thousand,” during his re- cent visit to Europe. Beautiful Fanny Gordon! Sreauing Purys.—Our Saratoga correspondent must let Bebee & Costar’s hats alone, We see no- thing better in these hats than in those of Leary, or Knox, or a dozen others. ° Terripie Accipent, anv Loss or Lire.—Thurs- day afternoon, a carriage, containing two men and their wives, and a child, was run over by the Mohawk Railway train, on the suburbs of Albany, and crushed to pieces. Mrs. Anderson, whose hus- band, itis said, keeps a public house at Cohoes “alls, was dreadfully mangled, and expired on the spot The husband himself was not much injured. Mr. Lyman, who is said to a clerk in Rochester, had his head mangled dreadtully. Although alive when the boat left, it was supposed he could not exist an hour longer. His wife was badly bruised, but, it is believed, not dangerously. The child and driver escaped unhurt. The latter, we are informed, was intoxicated; and, notwith- standing the remonstrances cf persons on the road, he persisted in crossing the track. The gentleman informs us, that no blame can be attributed to the engineer, who was utterly unable to st the pro- ress of the locomotive in tune to prevent the acei dent. One of the horses were killed. The train was proceeding at its usual slow pace. Fort Grnson is to be re-built, operations for that purpose having slready been commenced. The plan contemplat ht or hine stone buildings, to furnish quarters for a company of troops each, and the whole to be surrounded by a stone wall. The Cherokee Advocate regrets to see these improvements by tl government, aa they are of a kind that indicate a determination to I he fort upon a permanent footing—an unnecessary P paper aye, to the government, a detriment to th # and a benefit only toa few contractors ‘and hucksters from Arkansas and Missouri. the other,whether such person were in contact with the boiler er merely standing on the brick work which supported it; but that a person touching the boiler received a much stronger shock than one who merely stood on the bricks, . The power of this machine is such that it will instantly kill an ox, but may be so graduated that a child could receive the shock without injury. This is the only machine of the kind in this country, there being but one other in the world, which is but one-fourth the power of this. A single spark from the prime conductor will ignite shavings. It 1s im- possible to give an adequate description this splendid machine. It will be ready for exhibition at astle Garden, on Monday evening next, when all who have any curiosity in scientific matters, will, of course, attend. Theatricals. Park Taeatre—Mnrs, Mowart’s Benerit.—The Park was, last night, crowded, it being the occasion of Mrs. Moweatt’s benefit, and last night of her present engage- ment. New Yorkers are never backward in the support of native talent ; and if ever an actress deserved a crowd- ed house on her benefit night, Mrs. Mowatt did. She has commenced a new era in the history of the American drama, and raised new hopes in the lovers of pure theat- rical representations. As an authoress and*an actress, she is an honor to her native city. Moreover, a novelty was to be presented—Mrs. Mowatt, as Gertrude; in her own comedy of ‘ Fashion.” Of the piece itself, we have already spoken at length. It was last night welcomed again upon the boards of the Park, and went off with great ¢clat. Gertrude was not a character to exhibit Mrs. Mowatt’s peculiar talents as an actress, but was de. livered in a pure sty Jess to speak. Mr. Bass, Old Cattaraugu: 1 ld be filled, Mr. Chippendale’s p formed the old farmer admirably. The rem the cast was the same as last season. the curtain, Mr was called out, and when she appeared, ically hailed with three loud cheers. A beautiful wreath was thrown on the stage, from one of the private boxes. ‘The evening closed with La act comedy of “AF Heart never wona Fair Lady,” in which Miss Fanny Gordon made her second appearance as Charles the 2nd. She was very sprightly and natural. She will be a great acquisition to the Fock company of the Park. Mrs. Mowatt and Mr, Crisp also ise ay were ofcourseat home. To-night we have @ bill again, and the last night of Mrs. Mowatt and isp, they being about to depart forthe South. We predict a crowded house. It is stated that Mr. Horncastle, the celebrated tenore, arrived in the “Luzon,” from London, at Bosten, on Wednesday. He is to give concerts and lectures The French government make the following annual allowances to the different Theatres Acade: Royal de Musique, 900,000 francs ; Theatre Francais, P Odeon, ou Second Frangais, 160,000f ; Opera Comique, 180,000f ; Theatre Italien, 70,000f; for sundry other expenses, including the salaries to the censors and employés, 83,000 ; making a total of 1,598,000 francs. — It is reckoned agood season when the grand French Op- era (Academie Royale de Musique) receives 600,000 francs at the door, whereas the annual expenses ‘are 1,600,000 francs. ‘This difference is made up by the gov- sidy, the receipt of a tax which this estal Iso allowed to levy upon the other theatres, and the returns for oratorios, concerts, balls, &c., which amount to about 140,000 francs per annum. Bowray Turarne.—The “Surgeon of Paris” and “ Nick of the Woods” kept the audience in raptures last night. J. R, Scott succeeded again very well in delinea- ting both characters, and was very well sustained by the other members ofthe company. This evening the “ Shoe maker of Toulouse” and the “ Sleeping Beauty” will be repeated, forming a spectacle of considerable attraction. ‘The house continues to be very numerously attended, and becomes quite the exclusive resort of the lovers of modern drama. Castix Garvex—He must have had more than his share of gravity, who could bave refrained last night from joining in the hilarity of the audience, during the performance of “Shin-de-heel-a,” by the Ethiopian troupe. Such was again the success of this mock opera, that the Director has yielded to the general wish, and consented to have “ Shin-de-neel-a” repeated to-night. To-morrow, ag usual on Sundays, there will be a concert of Sacred Music, in which passages taken from the productions of some of the best musical composers, will be played by the orchestra. Nimuo’s—Henry Placide and Brougham appear in the laughable and popular piece of “The Nervous Man.” No drama this season has obtained more applause, and as it is the last night these clever artists can be seen to- gether, the announcement is sure to fill the Saloon. On Monday, Calvé—the charming Calvé—appears, with the French Opera Company. “LiAmbassadrice.” Jt is one of her best characters. Numerous inquiries have been already 1 for the few seats reserved for fami, ies. ‘The French Opera here will be a brilliant triumph. ‘The Ethiopian Serenaders are giving concarts at Stan- wix Hall, Albany. Mr. and Mrs. Seguin and Mr. Frazer will give a con- cert in Buffalo. The Bower Equestrian Company began last night their series of entertainments in New Bedford. Rio pe JaNEInO THrarnes.—Theatre de San Pedro de Phis theatre is engaged by two different Companies, one an Italian opera company, and the other « Brazilian dramatic company they play alternately, Norma was represented by the Italians, Sig. Massiani, ‘an artist who to possess talent, acting Orovezo Sig. Massiani was to have a benefit on the 1th ult., on whieh occasion Bellini’s beautiful opera of “ { Puritani” was to be sun On the 9th, Signor Felipe Catton, the first dancer of the corps de ballet, had a splendid benefit, which was at- tended by several members of the Imperial family, Mi- nisers and Grandees of the Empire. Theatro de Santa Theresa.—This house was re-opened on the 6th of July. Theatro Fran engaged at this t observe among the names of the member: , & few years ago, was at the in Paris, where she wa: Salla de San Januario.—The compan: re ia said to bea vory good one. We Mille, Non- Theatre dex Deperini, of the Italian Company, were to during the performance. On the 6th, @ great rep- resentation was given, for the benefit of a French Phi- lanthropic Society. Arrest or Covnrerrrirers.—OfficersC. A. Wal- dron and Burton arrested two counterfeiters this mor- ning, named Williams and Litho ; upon them were found $1040 on the Onon ninty Bank, Syracuse ; $4608 on tqe Now York State Bank, Albany, all counterfelt.— Livingston § Wells, Buffalo, August 19, Sporting Intelligence. Trortina anp Pactnc Maronss at THE Union Coursx.—On Thursday some interesting came off as above. They were two matches post- poned from the previous Monday. The first was for a Purse $200, mile heats, best three in five, free for all Trotting and Pacing horses to go as they please. Aibst Coneklin entered “ ch. g. James K. Polk. . m. Fanny Elssler. fim Cayuga Maid. James K. Polk went in harness; the Cayuga Maid under the saddle, Fanny Elssler was with- drawn, not being in fit condition to start. It was a one sided affair; James K. Polk run away with it in one heat in 2m 278. The Maid having got quite —— of the matter, did not make a second at- m) Immediately after, came a contest for a Purse $50, mile st three in five, to wagons. Charles Carman entered gr. g. John Anderson. Colorel Bertine =“ £ ‘m. Wheelan «db. m. Fashion, J. Webber b. m, Lady Washington. The ts used weighed 250 lbs. drivers carried 145 it was a most beautiful and well contested trot throughout. John Anderson and Fashion were the favorites against the field previous to the start ; two to one against Trouble. ‘The following is the result:— 558; 2m 548; 2m 55: Throughout they all kept well together. In the first heat at the brush, Fashion and John Anderson came slightly in contact, so close were they together, and Trouble only had about a neck in advance ot Fashion. In the two succeeding heats, Fashion on- ly won by aflength and half alength. The beauti- ful square trotting of Trouble was greatly admired —he never went better. It was pretty generally thought that if he had not lost one of his shoes in the second heat, Fashion would have had a great deal more to do to have beaten him. Trorrinc ar tHE Haruem Course, Yesrerpay. —There was a pretty ; ood muster of the admirers of Trotting at the above beautiful track, to witness a trot for a purse of $30—Mile heats, best three in five under the saddle. Col. Bertine entered ch h Frelinghuysen bg Drovier J. Woodruff P, Arnold bl g Black Joke M. Willis bg Sir Arch: J.D, McMann ch g Peacoc! All went that were entered. Previous to the start the betting was every where and any where, so evenly were they matehed. jAt the end of the second heat, Drovier was withdrawn. The last heat was only won by about a nose in front ; and had nightfall not been advancing rapidly, there is no doubt but that it would have been given as a dead heat. It was only by the tact of the Colonel that Freling- huysen won, for just us he reached the score he let go his horse’s head, by which means he extend- ed his nose some four inches in front of Archi The following 1s a summary of the whole atiair, which gave every satisfaction. Indeed, it was pret- ty generally thought to have been one of the prettiest trots of the season : Frelinghuysen Peasock Sir Archie. Black Joke Drovier Time Ten Days Larer vrom Braziu.—Hieury In- TERESTING News.—By the Adeline, Captain Good- manson, from Rio Janeiro, we have received our files of the Diario do Commercio, up to the 10th ofJuly. Since the last dates, the Chambers had been kept pretty busy, with different projects of laws The new commercial code had been adopted. on the 8rd of July, by the Chamber of Deputies The debates on the question of the letters of natu- ralization, for the German Colonists of San Leo- poldo, were not yet concluded ; they had been laid on the table, to make room for others of more im- mediate importance. The Chambers granted the allocations for the succours to be sent to the Pro, vinces of Parahyba, Rio Grande, do Norte and Ceara, with some modifications. rer. ‘The project of law, concerning the fixation of the land and naval forces, was adopted. Also another, fixing the taxes and government expenditures for the ensuing fiscal year. The petition for the pay- ment of 7245 head of cattle, furnished by the Prince of Maranhao to the constitutional army, during the war of Independence, was rejected by the Chamber of Deputies, by a majority of two votes only. An address was laid before the same Chamber, to ask that a Professorship of Ecclesiestical sciences may be established in the Theological Seminary of San Jose. This Chamber granted the petitions forseve- ral exemptions of taxes on the fabrics of cotton tis- sues lately started in the Empire. A law was proposed, in reterence to the BelgoS Brazilian Colonists, and another, on the navigation of the Parnahyba. : ee t A project of a law concerning the admission of foreigners to the practice of physic, in the empire, was before the Chambers. Also another proposing the establishment of a board of health in the city of Rio Janeiro, d i" The Minister of Finance has sent the following communication to Custom House Collectors :— “Merchandise brought toa Brazilizn port, after the shipwreck of a vessel, and re-shipped aiterwards, will pay only one percent of tariff duty, and inspectors will be appointed to estimate the amount of the loss of value sustained by their being damaged, in order that a proper allowance may be made for the Mevements of Travellers. There was a visible accession of travellers yesterday, and amongst them ral from New Brunswick, (N. S.,) Canada, and other distant portions of the continent ; th object of attraction being, upon this occasion, the inspec- tion of the steamer reat Britain,” now the general focus of justifiable ore Amenican—Samuel_ 8. Well: is A i ; Mason, Alex Strong, Illinois; inton, Eakin, Mi Brown & Simmons, Son J. W.. Biddle, Phila: delphia; J. Kelgoner, Cincinnati; E. and 8, Manegault Charleston; R. Kk. Bogard, Delaware; J. K. Warthin i avis, Virginia; J. B. Lamar, Georgin; ‘Thos. Davis, Boston; P.'Force, R. Farnham, Washington; xon, Theo. Chase, Capt. Palmer, Bos W. Andersoi W. Williamson, Balti- ‘hos. Jabell, Virgi Jabell, New Or.; D.L. Georgetown; Mes: ixon, Wedder & D. and A. Bli Waterman, MeKay, ; ri flev; Mr. Hammersley, léth Re ladelphia; Jacob Isaacs, Columbia; Dyer, Washington; C. Alexander, low City.—J. L. Mitchell, Fredericksburg, Va.; 8. Jenne- son, Woreester ; R. Whitley, Baltimore ; P. Dickinson, Knoxville ; A. Steele, see ; Alex. Van Rensselear, Albany ; W. H. Brusse, Kingston; J Chabot, St. Louis ; Geo. P. Cowledge, New Orleans ; H. Hogan, Buffalo ; J. W. Sawyer, Rochester ; P. Ganesfort, Alabama; F, Platt, Philadelphia ; Mr. Gales, Tenn.; J. Troop, Armatrong, Arkansas, Franker 8. Prosser, Ala.; Geo. Wallack, Philad.: J, J. Jones, Geo.; Mark Lynett, Ireland ; J. 8, Burd, Geo.; H. 8. Loudon, Norfolk ; V.'N. Young, Dayton, 0.; J. H. Lamont, Ohio ; B. Van Eppes, Mobile ; W. A. Neale, Columbia ; H. Reynolds, Baltimore; J. H. Wheeler, Boston ; J. C. Waymore, Cincinnati ; Bentley and Clark, Chicago; W. A. ‘Upson, O . Dunn, Quiney, I1.; Hector Field, Columbus, Ohio; W. H. Wardlow, E. H. Farlee, 8. 0. .-Mr. Thompson, Toronto ; Rogers, Washing- R. Legge, Philad.; Chas, Delish, D. Stone, Hali- fax, ieo. H. Stewart, Philad.; A: Phillips,’ Mon- treal ; H. Bieekerman, Boston. 5 j Howanv.—J. F. Denslow, Flor.; C. Flagg, Penn.; E. uburn; H. Pratt, Phil; R. H. Palmer, Pittsburg; Dwight, Mass.; J. Garsed, Frankfort; J.'Q. Rising Sun; B. Cooke, ( IG, has. Osgood, Rhodes, Bosto ‘ treal; J. Kyle, Gi Troy; W. P. Stanton, st Johns, N. B. B. Sanelon, do; J. Scammell, do; Capt. Wylie, do; Capt. Brown, do; JC. M. Davies,Quebec; A. Fraser,’ Montreal R. Gregory, Boston; Tho a W. 8. Ham- mond, do; McCulloch, Tenn. Cueroker —The drought mentioned in our last continues unabated. The whole earth 1s parched, and under the extreme rays of tha sun, all vegetation ix wil nd burning. The injury sustained by the crops of corn, melons and potatoes is very great, amounting in many instances to one-half or twothirds, Particularly is this the case with the Inte plantings, which have been doprived of the early and seasonable’ rains. ‘The pros- pects of many, which were, three weeks ago so very flattering, are very much lessened, and although we have no doubt but that corn enough will be realized for home consumption, it will be by no means so great @ drug an some lately anticipated. We have similar intelligence from the Creek country, where there is said to be quite much suffering as there is among us. Two sudden deaths occurred lately at Fort Gibson. A soldier was taken sick, and died ina short time, and was buried by a party of his comrad fte wards the sergeant who comms! was himself acorpse These deaths we nd dri turning to Fort Gibson from Fort Smith, ling Scott's, and drank freely of col complained of sickness, bu Mra. Coody’s, where he died in a short time. The grass on tho prairie in this vicini y was fired o few days since, and wig to the dry wi windy burnt with rapidity ovei ral acres, Toe prairie beyond tho Arkansas has also been on fire within two or three day «.— Cherokee iiaiiliactonmniemmmes Datrymen.—-The Cleveland Hera'd sare some of the dairymen of Aurora couaty have been into the Sou- thern portion of Ohio, am! contracted for some hundreds of acres of standing cor and stalks, on which to. winter their cows. A gentleman from near Columbus also came into Aurora, tracted te keep 500 cows through the winter the rate of one dollar per month, Another ntleman was allowed to go into the yard of an exten- a ci fre and select cows at $6 per head. Two years old steers are selling at from $3 to $5 per head, Castner Family, in May,1843. ~ We received the following, by special ex- press, from Belvidere, at a late hour last evening :— Bervivere, Aug. 22, 1845. Duca hat § To-day is the time appointed the execution of Joseph Carter, Jr., aud Peres Wr Parke: for the murder of the Castner family. At this time, 10 o’clock, A. M., the crowd is great, numbering per- haps five theusand — The greatest excite- ment prevails, and the crowd is increasing. The military are arriving in large numbers, and the sound of their solemn martial music strikes the ear, pro- ducing a_long train of unpleasant reflections,— These men, upto this ume, protest their innocence— and there are etrong doubts of their guilt. Be that as it may, they will certainly be hig 9 3 o’clock, to-d: Tt will be remembered that murder was committed on the night of the Ist of May, 1843, under circumstances the most appalling. An old bachelor, John B. Parke, his sister, Mrs. Castner, her husband John Castner, and an infant, scarcely two years old,were hurried into eternity on that fearful night. Suspicion at firstrested upon stran- gers, and a large alah were taken up andexamin- ed, without elucidating anything hike guilt on any of those examined. A few suspicious circumstances being observed in the conduct of Jos. Carter, Jr., and Peter W. Parke, they were arrested about two months after the murder, indicted by the grand jury, tried and convicted. Joseph Carter was first brought to trial; he protested his innocence. His trial came on at August term, 1843, and after a laborious and protracte al of four weeks, he was acquitted, He Was again brought to trial at the February term, 1844, of our Court, and the prosecution eliciting some new testimony of a very important character, he was convicted. His conviction was procured entirely upon circumstantial testimony. The State having knocked one prop from under the horrid tragedy, it was resolved upon to prosecute the mat- ter still further. At the same term of February, 184, two other indictments were found, one against Peter W. Parke, the prisoner now under sentence of death, and his uncle, Abner Parke. The trial of Abner Parke came on at the June term, 1844, and after spending four weeks and more, in that vestigation, he was acquitted. The court continued session until Peter W. Parke was tried and convicted. His conviction was also procured upon circumstantial testimony. Exceptions were taken on the trials of both Carter aud Parke, in order to g) lication be- fore the Supreme Court for new trial: and at the July term of that court, those exceptions argued with much ability, by re Gov. Vroom and Senator Dayton, for the prisoners, and William Halsted and Att’y General Browning, for the State. The Supreme Court refused the application for new trials, and their cases were removed, by writ of error, to the Court of Errors, tho last resort, except the pardonin, wer. During all thia time, the prisonersmanifested, byjwords,their entiro innocence. Their conduct was most unaccountably strange and singular, The most respectable people of the city of Trenton, and vicinity, visited them, and such impressions were made oe them by the prison- ers, as snduced them to believe they were innocent of the charge brought against them. The’r friends carried their eases before the pardoning power, the last resort to them, and here again they were doomed to disappoint. ment. The courtuecided against them, andjtheir jde sion cut off, at once, all hope this side of the grave. When the news of the pardoning power having retused to interfere in their cases, was communicated to them, they were completely unnerved, All hope had for the first time left them, and they were raqueeita a state of complete misery. Theirflwives were present on that occasicn, and no tongue can describe the scene, no words can convey an adequate description. i ‘The clergy was then sent for, and they commenced in earnest, seeking forconsolation. Clergymen of various denominations visited them in their confinement at Trai ton, before they were brought to this place, and they ell allege that so fur as outward appearances are concerned, the prisoners had made their peace with God. On 5 turday last the sheriff of Warren, with a cort, set out for Trenton, in order to bring th to this place to be executed to-day. On their way hither they manifested no slarm for their approaching fate. In ° deed they were extremely lively, seemed in no way depressed or broken down in spirit. The excitement along the road the prisoners pursued on their way hithe was intense. Crowds congregated at every corner and cross road, and they were dui that day at least the lions of the ascendent. The iff arrived on Monday night about nine o’clock, and a crowd of hundreds, wit- nessed the last confinement of these unhappy oun; men this side the grave. From Monday night until thi time, they have been visited in their cells by their co sel, relations and friends. Sad have been all of those meetings. Carter’s spirits are fast leaving him, and [ think he will be borne to the place ofexecution. Not so with Parke, his step is cheek un- blanched, his articulation distinct and commandin, He is ahero, under such awful circumstances ; he d clares and protests his innocence, and in all probab will be launched into eternity without disclosing thing. He says he is resigned to his fate—t! made his peace with God, and expects to die a ch: eo the blood of a dying Redeemer. Carter i tinually in tears: he also protests his entire innocence. Whether either of them are innocent, God only know: That the prisoners will be executed at the time appo: ed, no one doub.s, Our town commenced filling up last night, and long before morning every tavern was filled to overflowing. Wagons are strung along our streets for hundreds of yards, ond no vacant space in our hitherto quiet village is lett unoccu; Here are to be seen all sorts avd condition:fof people—the gentleman, the raga- muffin and beggar—the street mendicant and the Broad- way dandy—the Dutch country girl and tho flaunting town girl; indeed all sorts and kinds are sprinkled around in plentiful profusion. 11 O’cLocK A. M.—The crowd increases—a ia? train of vehicles are arriving from every direction. ‘This is to be fae! ite execution, yet thonsands will witness it. The gallows is erected within an enclosed yard, in front of the court house, ubout eight feet high. “A scaffold ix erected in the centre, about the height of the fence, upon which the prisoners are to stand before their execution. Upon this seaffold a funeral service is to be preached litable to the occasion. There will be a large funeral dience present; but with what ings will a vast ma- jority listen to the discourse ? vast crowd has een brought together by idle curiosity, and for what ? To see two fcllow creatures suddenly cut off in the primo. of life—to see two individuals rush into an untried fata- rity. My heart sickens at the bare mention of this hor- rible matter. But this isa gala day here—all is bustle and confusion. ‘The laughing young maiden whom I see yonder, has come here with her beau, impelled by mere idle cu iosity—pert to show her fine clothes. companion, in her society, is perfectly happy. ‘There are now on the grounc housand certainly not les risoners are coming—s 10, like the upheaviugs of the mighty ocean: ascend the scaffold, with firm and measured step: ter falters a little—Parke walks erect. They are now upon the last spot ied will ever nity. I have just taken a survey of the crowd. stree in front of the court house is one hundred width, with vacant grounds on both sides, above a lew This street 1s densely packed, for more than four hundred yards, above and below the court house. The house rite are crowded to overflowing; and every win- dow within sight is a mass of living heads, Our town covered by an avalanche of humani dod grant thi all may pass off without any injury being done; but I must return to the scene of the execution. Hatr-rast 12 o’cLock.—The execution is over. The lifeless bodies of these two unfortunate young men are now dangling lifelessly in the open air. “The prisoners were attended to the scaffold by four clergymen and a few of their friends. The Rev. James Clark, of the Pres- byterian church, offered up a fervent prayer to the throne of Grace, after which they took an affectionate leave of each other, and then of their friends; when all being ad- justed, at an appointed signal, the rope was cut, and Car- or and Parke are now beyond the confines of this world. any- A hi con- t protest. ing th of the Changewater tragedy is yet enshrouded in as much mystery as ever. Sup Beruin Srruck ny Licurxing.—Capt Huan- bury, of the towboat Claiborne, arrived here yester- day, reports that the ship Berlin, Capt, Baker,was struck by lightning on Monday last, at 4 o'clock,P. M, while she was lying at the bar. ‘The electric fluid struck all three of her masts, and parsing down the mainmast, entered her hold, setting fire to her cargo, consisting of cotton and tobacco. ‘Ihe crews of two pilot boats, (Messrs. Swiler and Baker’s) and the crew of the towboat Cla borne, went to her assistance, and succeeded, after cut- ting up her decks aft, and with the use ofthe force-pump on board the Claiborne, in extinguishing the fire by diat of four hours’ unremitting exertt Five bales of cot- ton, and four hhds. tobacco, were thrown overboard, and some of the cargo was discharged into the towboa Captain Baker thinks he will be able to repair shi) without returning to the city.—N. Orleans pap., Aug. 14. From Detaware.—We are informed by a gentle- man from Delaware, who reached this city this fag 2 that 52 arrests have been made of persons im- plicated in the recent outrage—among them one Stern- bergh, who is alleged to have been a prominent parte wd in the murder of Steele, and who is said to have hoasted, after the murder, that “he had puta ball into him (Steele) here,” designating on his person a spot oor- responding with the place one of the wounds on Steele’s body. A rumor prevailed in town this morning, that Scudder, for whose capture Gov. Wright has pub lished a reward, had been arrested in Montgomery co. Albany Atlas, Aug. 21. ‘Twe Lanp Orrice situated in the city of Milwau- kie, hes done rather an active bustness during the past month of July, Some 496 entries were made during that month, the payments on account of which amounted to over $36, At the Chicago land office, the sales of public lende during the month of July, we learn trom the Democrat, amounted to $19,504 A large seythe manufactory is now in course of erection at Dayton, Ohio. The building will be 160 feet long, will contain eight trip hammers, and give employ: ment toa large number of han This is the first at: tempt at manufacturing this article, to any considerable f i small estab: the neighbor: ther. A sable preacher, at a camp meetin, with much zeal and earnestness, curtell, ) a aged vite power in dis ere land ;” when one of the colored breth> Fen, who thought much time might be saved by prompt K, immediately exclaimed,“ Amen, my Lord! but tailof right ‘clean and clar, if i. Sie | Ws and clar, and stop all further The Cincinnati Atla; ays that Louisville possesses much greater natural advantages for trade than Cincin- ti; and that Cincinnati by the aid of two canals, a railroad, and a number of turnpikes, has concentrated to that city @ vast amount of business, which naturally would have fowed in other directions,