The New York Herald Newspaper, August 24, 1845, Page 1

Vol, XI, No. 212Whole No. 4094. RK, SUNDAY MORNING, AU THE NEW YORK HERALD, | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Proprietor. Circulation--- Forty Thousand. | DAILY HERALD—Every day, Price 2 cents per | copy—$7 26 per annum. ‘able in advance. bh rEERLY HERALD every Saturday —Price a cents | — cent annum—pa) ance ADVERTISEMENTS at the uskal’ renaieen| cash in advance. | ‘ FRENTING of all kinds executed with beauty aud lospatch. H 3 AU letters or communications, by mail, addressed | to i preatisntaeel, ere st paid, or th | will bo deducted from the subse nah ane | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, oy THe New Yous Hexacp Estasuiomaesy Pao mr | Northwant corner af Fulton and Nagaan trees PEOPLES LINE OF STRAMBOATS FOR ALBANY | DAII Y¥—Sundays Excepted—-Through Di- | the Pier between ag? rect, sf aclog it ., frem ‘ourtla idt an Siamboat ROCHESTER, Captain’ Ie leave on Monday. Wednerdoy and Kriday Bi Steamboat KNICKERBOCKER, © wiil leave on ‘Fuesday, ‘Thursday and 7 o'clock. ts. G. Crattenden, will venings, at 70’cloek, Hor May aturday Evenings, at At5o’clock P.M of Barely » landing at intermediate places, from the foot ay street Steanboat SOUTH AMERICA, Capt. M. H. Truesdell, will Fenvem Souda. Wedueeday, briday und Sunday Afteracous, Bg RORTH, AMERICA. Capt. Oeloek Pe ~— Sonnet ese ‘assengers talking ei ‘the Li ill arrive in Alba- ay ie ample ume for whe ‘Morning Traiurot Cars for the east or ‘The Boats a inl, are furnished with id edagant state ropmsy aud for speed aad aocom modsious are un rivalled on the Hudson. Breight taken at moderate rates, All persons are forbid trustiug any of the Boats ofthis Line, without a written order from the Captains or Aj ents. Ly fr boats, .C. Soumigaat iecains oa a ean en ES OCEAN HOUne tony a a el re EA Nee Tae ee SN AERUAN, EDWIN LEWIS, Capt. Corhes, Ter Ne oe ate ten owi: — daesday, L. W. Brainard, y Aftemoons, atd Wigam. Aug.13—Weduesday, 3 rsday, 1b M—Thursday, 3 ay, 8 15—Krida 4 turday, 16—Saturday, 5 17—Sunday, 17—Sunday, 4 18—Monday, 18—Monday, 3 19—Tuesday, 7 19—Tuesday, WE 20—Weduesday, 2—Weduesday, 1034 4M. 21: rsday, 7 | 21—Thursday, | 11 22—F ris WW 23-3 tw day, 12. Me uli 7 24—Sunday, Ue Py } 6 B—Monday, a %6—T ur: 4 71—Wednesday, 4 a Wadaasder, : ie 28—Thusday, 2—Thursday, | 3 29—Fridey, 1g ** 2-F 4 30—Saturday, RM. 30—Saturday, 4 3I—Sunday, 6a. 3l—Suneay, 4 Stazes will be in readiness to convey passengers to all parts of the country. al3 re MOKNING LINE AT 7 O'CLOCK, FOR ALBANY, TROY nnd intermediate Inudings, from the Steamboat Pier at the foot 0 Barelay street. Breakfastand Dinner on board the boat, Leaves New York at7 o'clock, A-M., Taesdays, Thursdays and Saturday, and Troy at 6 o’clock, A. M., Albany at 7 0’clock A.M. Monday, Wednesday and Friday. hi Lowpeeeeai steamboat TROY, Captain A. Gorham, ov Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturday 7 o'clock. ‘The steamboat NIAGARA, Captain A. Degroot, on Mow- day, Wednesday and Friday, ai 7 ofelock. ‘or passage or freight, apply on board, or to F. B. Hall, at the oe aN a, fesight, hepewne, bank bi Notice—All goods, freight, e,bank bills, specie, or any 1 kiud of property taken, shipped, oF put on board this boat, goods, freight, bag- c rt Weutthe risk of the owners of sue NO ; STATEN ISLAND FERRY, FOOT OF WHITEHALL STREET. ‘The Steamboats SYLPH and@STATEN ISLANDER will leave New York every hour except 5 P. M., commencing at 8A. M,, until 7 .M. ve Staten Island every hour except 4 P.M, commencing at 8A. M., ant) 7 P. M. 3B. Sundays the Boats will leave every hour from & ‘A. M., until 1¥. M., and from 1 F.M. wil 7 P. M., every hall fhour. Ac NEW YORK, ALBANY AND TROY LINE. FOR ALBANY AND TROY DIRECT P. ‘The st boat EM at 7 o’cloc! i steam > PIRE, Captai . Macy, will leave the FT Court): . every Tuesday, it street, oud Saturday afternoon, at 7 o’clock. boat COLUMBIA, Captain Wm. H. Peck, every ifs, Wednentay aid Friday fterioon, at 7 o'clock. ‘nasace or Freight apply on board, or at the office on the rome OPPOSITION TICKET OFFICE.—For Albany 1% Re ORE $2—Syracuse, 50—Rochester, $3—Buffalo, $3,50—Also, hor are through in the fast line, with board, $10,50—Also, Oswego, Kingston, (U. C.,) $4—Toronto, $—Cleveland, '(O.) fe troit, $6 50—Chicago, (Ill.) $10,50—North to Troy aud White- ; $2,50—Moutreal, 4,50. Office No. 102 Barclay st. y25 im*rh M.L. RAY, Agent. WILLLAMSBURGH AND PECK SLIP FERRY. The Trustees of this Ferry, believi thier tisimant of the chistes oe ae ee BEM end vicinity that are unacquainted with the his Kerry affords as a pleasant cwmmunication with Willsiabarg and Loog ‘Toland state that there ame two ood Ferry Bosts on this Ferry, which leave Peck Sines fifteen or twenty ror e day up tod o'clock, f. M., and then up to So'elck, at each even hour and halfhour; after which a boat leaves at 9'o'clock and 10 o'clock ‘The last boat leaving Willamaburg at half-past 9 o'clock, F P. 8—On the evening of July 4th, the ill continue to ran endl Wotclodke © TUY Ath the Dost will soir DRAFTS ON GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND—Persons wishing to remit mo- ney to their inany part of England, Ireland, Scotland ales, can be suppli ith drafts payable at sight, without dis y amount, from £1 upwards, at’ the following WiLarp—The National and Provincial Bank of ‘ J. Barned & Co, Exchange and Discount Ban Liverpool; Messrs, James Balt & Seu, Loudon, and branches throughout England and Wales. Ix {uevaxnThe Natioual Bank of Ireland, and Provin- cial Bank and branches throughout Ireland. ix Scortavo—The Sastern Bank of Scotland, National Bank of Scotland, Greenock Banking Company, and branches throughout Seotland. ‘he mearship Cambria, sil fom Boston on the 16th Au by whi an be forwarded free, "Apply to ahaa W.& J.T. TAPSCULT, 18 at, cor. Maiden f FOR HALIFAA AND LIVEKPUOUL. THE Royal il Steam Ships CAM Mail Shi RIA and HIBERNIA, will leave Boston for the above ports, as follows, viz:— .H. K, Jadjins, Esq., Commander, August 16, 18/5. Alex. Ryrie, tag., Commander, ..September 1, 185 ‘assnge tO poo) + oe $120, Pass to For freight oF past aire * HACGHAM, Jr. Agent, 6 Wall st. FOR GLASGOW—Regular Packe: kuown, fast 5: ~ Coreg oe SARACEN, 400 tous, Nathaniel J. Hawkins, master, will have immediate jespitch, For freight or passage, having excellent accommodations, ap- aud, foot of Dover street, E. WOUDHULL & MiN'TURN: street 878 mth ‘The regular packet, barque ADAM CARR, Robert Reott, iniater, will sabeeed the Bersceu, aire FOR LIVERPOOL—The New L pdr af at epee moat Pavsupetion lest acting ply to the Captain on , OF to cket ship QUEEN OF THE WEST, 1290 mi Pailin Wackiiect,dvdce; wilt calles shevesbertocs her regular "For freight or passage, having splendid, tnrge.and comfortable state rooms end cabin, WUSd board, wes! le Burlu DHULL & MINTURN orto f Tasso pee © $100, od ie 3 ve stieot. chet ship, Roel ., 960 tons, Ci ; will sncceed the Qagen of the Wort’ ont calf ca heron Jar day, 21st October. va NEW LINE OF LIVERPOOL PACKETS— Packet of 26th of August.—The splendid fast sailiny nd favorite packet ship SIDDONS, Captain E. Re Cob, will sail punetually re, her regular day, "This ship has splenid accommod tions for cal cabin and eveerage passengers, and the price of. rate, for which immeutate policntign should be made on board, or to &NT, TAPsCOT f, 75 South street, corner of Maiden Lane. Persons sending for their friends can have them bronght out in this or any of the lin on the Int, 6th, 1th, 16th, 2ist end 23th ofeach month | Urafts for auy emount, payable on demand without charge, in all th: priverpal towus in Great Britain or Ireland, azine FOR LONDON—Kegular racket ot the SERB erect ihe vacker ship ST. JAMES, It M5 er, master, will sail as above, herregularday. Hviilg very’ comrortable accommoditions tor cabin, se cond cabin aud second aml steerage passengers, persons about to sicure Wytths, should make eady application ou board, foot of maiden Lane, ato iat ser MeMURRAY, ‘ . ine street corner of uth st. The picket ship Gladintor, R. L. Banting, will succeed the St. Jumes, and sail on the 20 h September, her regular day. re second FOR LIVERPOOL—New Line—Regular packet lendid and fast sailiy of the 26th August—' mecket ship SIDDONS, Caneeiac, Becan, ofl ail as above, her regular da: tous burthen, wi Having very superior accommodations for splendor and com- second cabin and a passengers, persons Aoit, for oak Moe Fang Bek Bat about to emb: 0 atk should make carly ulication to, 100 Pi The packet ship SHERIDAN, Capt. G the Stuilous, and ail the 26th Beptemens het ‘pai FOR LIVERPOOL—Packt of ihe 6 ber <ithe aviendid new packet shiv’ HENRY CLAY, Me. Nye, master, 1200 tous burthen, will sail ax abo Having tasurpassed reeommodations for cabin, second cabin take. carlt appliseios oe Wane at oe the subuer ber, OKEPH MeMURRAY, 4 100 Pis ‘The splendid packet shi ter, 1000 tons burthen, will sue the 6.4 October. J.C, Delano, mi mary Clay, and 4 00 bales, N — furnished accommodations for pply on boardat Jones’ wharf, cd forward and after Lovo carries. ew apror Jeans cotton, and has handsome E.R. COLLINS & CO, | dytec Se Bou itreot A HNN HWA) i) CJ TM Si New Bowery Tuearre.—The above is most admirable engraving of the interior of the new and magnificent theatre, lately com- pleted under the auspices of A. W. Jackson, Esq., who, three months since, promised the public that he would have it ready for dramatic Tepresentation, early in August. The public owe much to him for his perseverance and industry, in placing in the midst of several respectable and intelligent districts, one of the neatest and most spacious temples of the histrionic art in the whole Union ; and, indeed, it would seem, that if apathy existed with any one, regarding the heavy expenditure incurred by Mr. Jackson in its erection, that the charming Bowery girls are determined to excite within the bosoms of their gay Lotharios, a taste for the legitimate dra- ma, tor the boxes are nightly filled with the loveliest and most perfect symmetry of the softer sex. There never was an age, perhaps, in which so many thea- tres have been erected as the present ; but ambition and avarice lead many proprietors far astray from the great object of theatrical representation. Low, vulgar and absurd melo-dramas are being played, which contain neither moral, language, or senti- me t—many indeed, not fit to be seen or heard, by those who have the slightest regard for decency. — But in the New Bowery Theatre, some of the best tragedies and comedies are produced, and the cha- racters filled by as good a stock company as any in the country. The interior view is splendid, there being four tiers of boxes, with six private boxes tastefully decorated with rich curtains and embroi- dery. The stage is one of the largest, we believe, in this country, and the drop and other scenery, exhibit the genius and taste of the artists employed there. The engraving above 1s all sufficient to give the public a faint view of the splendor and magnificence of the interior of the house. Mr. Jackson deserves well the support of his fellow citizens, not only for the erection of this edifice, but for the comfort en- joyed by the visitors—the house being well ventilat- ed—the strictest order preserved—and in the selec- tion of the pieces played, he aims at every thing which can tend to restore the drama to its pristine features, that of exhibiting vice with its concomitant evils, and of extending a moral influence through the community. The Yonkers Affair, New York, August 22, 1845. Mr. Eprror :— Having seen a communication from Yonkers in your journal a day or two ago, I beg leave to sub- mit a few facts in relation to the subject, and hope that as you have published the one, you wili adhere to the very equitable rule of hearing both sides, and publish the other. The Catholic Sunday School attached to the Church of Nativity in this city, proceeded on Monday last to the village of Yonkers, for the purpose of pleasure and recreation. During the time they were on the ground,a young man who does mot belong to that church, shook an apple tre and thereupon three valiant citizens, including one constable, seized him in a very violent and disgrace- tul manner, and dragged him to an official personage called the “Squire.” The young man made no re- sistance, not ever when one of them exclaimed very fiercely, ‘‘here’s the second damned Irishman I have caught to-day”—and all the way to the Squire’s house, was unaccompanied, except by the aforesaid valiant citizens, and a boy 47 or 18 years old. Ha- ving arrived at the Squire’s, and the circumstances having been investigated, he was immediately dis- charged. He was not rescued by a troop of “Wild Irishmnen;” he was not “retaken by a smull posse of Yonker’s valiant citizens;” and he was not uitimate- A rescued by the “Irish.” These, Mr. Editor, are ¢ simple facts of the case, and can be vouched for atany time. How widely different are they from mel eg cite by the writer of that miserable apol- ogy ofa letter! Had the people on that excursion been any other than they were, we should never have heard of it—but coming from where they did, the un- mitigated bigotry and inexcusable stupidity of the writer, were kindled into a flame of intense excite- ment, and not knowing in what manner to vent his dirty spleen, he finally determined to expose his 1 sophisticated ignorance in the columne of your pi per, Ihave deemed it necessary to give this expla- nation of the affair, in order to disabuse the public mind on the subject. Yours, &e., ‘ Re Nay, A Looker On. Tue Coinacr.—We are indebted to the Treasury Department tor the following abstract of the total amount of coinage at the mint and branch mints for tho month of July, viz: $55,000; in half eagles, $131,000; in $6,737 50—total in gold, $191,737 50. $71,000; in quarter dollars, $10,000; in dimes, $129,000; in half dimes, $49,000—total in silver, $264,000. In cents, $3,243. Total value of tho coinage of the month of July last, $459,031 17. Totul number of pieces of gold coined, 34,015; total number of pieces of silver, 2,472,000; total number of cents coined, 834,367; total number of pieces coiued, 2,840,852. Tue Express Accipent.—The name of the man killed by the accident to the Express, oa Wednes- day night, was Jon Farren, an emigrant. He was stand- ing on the forward deck at the time of the collision, was struck by the bowsprit of tho schooner, and killed in- ral persons were knocked overboard, and iy injured. Among the former was Mr. th Albany, who, with three others, got to ‘he Express landed at New Baltimore, leav- ir hn wh the body of Farren, who was bu- ried there yestei Hi board at the time of the excl le had'@ wife and child on al ‘| The Cherokees, Review of Senate Document, No. 140, 2nd Session, 23th Congress, being the Report of the Cherokee Commusstoners, Gen R Jones, Lieut. Col. R. B. Mason and Pierce M. Butler, ’Esq., appointed to Prosecute an examination into the causes and extent of the discontents and difficultivs among the Che- rokee Indians. BY G. W. P. No. 1. A review of the report of this rather extraordinary commission, it is thought, will be useful for more purposes than one. It will tend in some degree to elucidate the condition of these unfortunate people, now distracted and torn asunder in their councils— and it will enable us more certainly, than in any other way, to understand the tue relations of oui sovernment to the Indian tribes ; and, possibly, it may awaken usetul inquiries, as to the best remedy for our very detective Indian policy. In order to proceed understandingly, it becomes necessary to recur somewhat comprehensively to history; for, notwithstanding the ‘ackapwiedged coe intelligence of the reading public, yet it is lamentably true, that the people of the United States are generally exceedingly ignorant as to the ad- vancement of the Indians. And prominenuy as the affairs of the unfortunate Cherokees have several times been brought before the public, yet with the iunmediate causes of the excitement, all interest in their complaints has abated. The Cherokeesare less powerful now, perhaps, than they were when the illustrious General Washington appeared in person before his constitutional advisers, the Senators of Thirteen States, and solemnly asked the co-operation of their council, as to the most pacific and just means of acting towards these people ; but, nevertheless, they did not occupy a less important position. The result of that consultation led to an additional cession of their lands, and a so- lemn guarantee of the residue within the boundaries then prescribed. These simple minded people felt every confidence in that guaranty, and hey would as soon have expected that their rivers would have flowed back to their sourees, or their mountains have become salt lakes, as that their advance- ment in eivilization should accelerate the loss of their mountsin fastnesses. But miny elements existed among them, the effects of which were not foreseen. From their first discovery by the whi their women had shown more partiality to the pale faces thaa the gentle sex of any other tribe. And, perhaps, before the revolution with Great Britain, more halt breeds could be counted among the Cher- okees, than all the Indian tribes combined. During that war, it will be recollected, that Georgia and South Carolina furnished as many open loyalists as half the thirteen States besides. “Many of them had taken refuge among the Cherokees, who espoused the cause of the British Crown, and acted in good faith to their treaty, made at Westminster, in 1732, between George the First and the Cherokee Chiets ‘These tories knowing the deep hatred which ex ed against them, after the revolution, and the heavy responsibility with which they had to answer the many Indian barbarities. which had been perpetrat- ed upon the infant colonies during the war, wisely resolved never to return to homes,where severe pun- ishment and confiscation of property awaited them. They, therefore, in considerable numbers, identified themselves with the Indians by marriage and con- tinued residence. Their example was imitated by a few Scots—merchants, who, | like reasons, were unwilling to become members of the surrounding and more civilized communities. Even at this ear- ly day, these marriages were with half breeds, if not with those having less of the Indian blood. The eflects of these marriages had no doubt been closely observed by Patriek Henry, when Governor of Vir- ginia, and dictated his recommendation for their encouragement as the best promoter of civilization among them, Patrick Henry had much to do with this tribe before 1769, and his correspondence with them is characterized by a greatdisplay of kindness and wisdom. ‘The same causes led to like reason- ing in the strong mind of Wm. H. Crawford, while one of the frontier settlers of Georgia. Ile saw the influence which the interfusion of the white blood fhad upon the Indian character. And, notwithstand- ing that he knew that the refugee tories were capi- tal haters of their own race, yet, he believed this mixture better than none. Patrick Henry and Mr. Crawtord were right. No matter to what causes we owe the hight ot civilization; yet, when once it shines upon the mind man cannot be as great a sav- age as when left in his pristine state. ‘The ties of kindred will always invite accession. The first ad- venturers who married Cherokees, possessing supe- rior intelligence and skill, and the language of their surrounding neighbors, found the acquisition of for- tune easy. The mixed blooded children had supe- rior beauty and sprightliness, and with few excep- tions spoke the language of both parents. The heavy emigration to the frontier, had raised lands to prices beyond the means of many poor and adventurou young men; such were attached to the Indian coun- try, as, by marriage and settlement there, land cost nothing. Accessions of whites thus, every year took place by marriages of males—and by degrees the seruples of females were overcome, and Indians with white wives might also be found. : The institution of slavery seemed to be intro- duced as a matter of course. During the revolution some had been stolen from the neighboring planta- tions, others had been purchased, with the easy ac- quisiuions of the white traders; other runaways had taken refuge from their more tyrannical masters. As the discipline of the red masters has always been less severe thfn the white, the negroes became more partial to the former, and their recovery, when stolen or runaway, was ulmost imposs'ble. Asif taught by nature, the negro acquires the language of the Indian with much greater tacility than the white man; and ashe thus stood as interpreter between his mister and the adventurous trader, he soon be- came not only neceesury, but a great favorite. But with the increasing tondneys of the Cherokees tor amalgamation with the whites, has been discerni- ble a corresponding repugnance for amalgamation with the blacks. The negroes, like the whites, brought along their superior experience in the arts Fy at }: AE TK f eo 3 sa eri Agel i fetta of husbandry and stock growing. With a climate admirably adapted to both, and excellent markets all around, it s easy on pe rearye asa natural couse- quence that many would quit the chase for the mo: Penal and less laborious pursuits of agriculture. "he huntsman thus begante find a home market for his game, and his skins; and the love of property and the luxuries of life every day increased. ‘The love of offspring naturally prompted the parent to teach his childcen the elements of education, and his notions of a God. So that when the early missionaries went among he Cherokees, they foun many considera bly advance in intelligence, and anxious to have their children taught the rudiments of education. Itise fact, howeve: that the deepest opposition to their settlement was ge: rally among the whites and halfbreeds. The illitera’ in all ages has been ignorant of the principle of unt- bonevolence. Raisoning within « warrow circle elf, he cannot weil understand how others can be actuated from any other but interested motives. It was easy also for these rude white men to foresee how the diffasion of general intelligence would destroy their advantages over the benighted red man, on whom they continuaily preyed. ‘This is a general outline of the Cherokee people, be: tween 1734 and 1808—a period during which, impercep' bly to themselves, they had lost mach of their warlike spirit; and agricultural neighborhoods even dotting the better settlements of their entire country. Meantime tere were many who had opposed every advancement towards civilization; and many and severe were the struggles between those who preferred their native su- perstitions, and the advocates of the white man’s religion. Itisa fact that these controversios sometimes run so high that the native wizards lost their lives in their struggles of defiance against the worshippers of the un- known God. Those whose knowledge of Cherokee affairs has sim- ply been derived from a discussion of the Cherokee question, between the Eastern and Western Cherokees, are apt to come to the conclusion, that the advocates of & seperation and a removal west, who entered into a con- vention, with President Jeiwrson, were, in fact, the illi- terate and savage portion of the tribe. Never was opi- nion more erroneous. A reference to the names of those who took reservations and enrolled for emigration, ac- cording to the provisions of the treaties of 1317, 1819, which treaties were only aconsummeation of the conven: tion of 180, will prove that the most intelligent portion of the tribe, embracing nearly ail the whites, and their descendants, were then the advocates of emigration, and the real beneficiaries of those treaties. The more dis- cerning at an early day foresaw the consequences of a surrounding white population, upon the uulettered In- dians, and the reason of the desired separation, as ex- pressed in the arrangement of 1803. Lhe wish for “hunt- ing grounds and the chase,” was only a plausible pre- text. The origin of that spirit, “ Westward ho,” could then as now, be traced to the interfusion ef the Anglo-Saxon blood. As early as 1784, so of the Cherokees hat taken pos: ion of lands in the Arkansas, then claimed by Spain. was regarded as a safe refuge for thoso who had illegally acquired negroes and other property, and who saw that in time they must loose them if they remsiaed amidst the environs of white neighborhoods. And immediately after the completion of the additions, to the Arkansas Cherokees in 1817-19, this branch of ative degree of iutel- within the now cir- cumscribed limits east of the Mississippi. And if from the HasteraCherokees w clude the Rosses, Vanns,Adairs, Starrs, and others, whe took reservations of choice sec- tions of the ceded lands, and identified themselves with the States of Georgia, Tenneseee, North Carolina and Alabama, the ‘ Agricultural Cherokees,” who remained behind, were far the most illiterate part of the tribe. Their largest numbers were, the ‘ Mountain Indians,” not one in fifty of whem spoke the English language. And we may here remark that, the greatest obstacle to emigration, under the pressing exigencies, which have overwhelmed the Cherokees Hast, has been the ig- norance of tie great mass. The numbers and names of thoe kuown as the “Treaty Party,” combined for the Greatest comparative intelligence of the Cherokee peo- ple. Those who have only seen the Cherokees througi: \hose travelled white chiefs, are apt to over rate their civilization. While those who only know them as In- are equally prone to under rate them. ‘Take out the whites and the mixed blooded, scarcely distinguish- able from whites, and the amount of intelligence is com- paratively small. The accessions to the Cherokees upon the Arkansas, after 1908 to 1317, were steady, and before the latter pe- riod they had formed a social compact under such organ- ization, as gave them a right to a separate recognition as the treaty of 1817 abundantly sh That treaty and the treaty of 1819, were productive of many conseque: 2. ‘The United States Government having, previous to that time, determined unchangeably on the policy of transferring the Indian tribes to the West of the Missis- sippi, regarded this as a prospective arrangement for the ultimate emigration of the whole tribe. Those Chero- kees who had previously gone west, who then in- tended to go west, regarded tuemselves as seperated from their brethren—they expected to enjoy peace indepen- dent of the dissensions which had previous to that time unhappily distracted their councils, and what was still more desirable, they hoped to be free from the continual encroachments of the white settlements. ‘The Hastern Cherokees felicitated themsely on being freed from those who had shown a willing: toemigrate. They regarded the title to their remaining lands as secured beyond farther dispute, and they expected no farther so- ations to remove. With numbers lessened, but still possessing mauy of the elements of improvement among them—with aniiuities, and an increase of pecuniary a vantages—with the conventional pledge of their Groat Father, the President, to aid them in their laudable de- sires to become farmers aud husbandmen, they looked forward to the day when they should attain a point never yet approximated by any of the aboriginal tribes. ‘Those Cherokees and whites, and haif breeds, (and they were not few,) who took reservations on sections of the ceded lands, Were regarded by all as having, for valuable con- siderations, ceased to be members of either branch of the Cherokee community, but by certain forms they were citizenized,and became members of theStates where they resided. But as the sequel will show, these sagaciotis reservers had also some mental reservations by which they expected to profit There was, in tact, a good deal of want of fairness and open dealing ail round. The United States Government concealed, at the time, the secret intention of soon tran porting tue whole tribe west. The Western Cherok represented that they were huntsmen desiring to purs e chase, The Eastern Cherokees that they were civi- lized, and desiced the purswits of agriculture ; and the selfish reservers protented that they wished to become States. It is generally true that all parties id dearly for this species of deception. nited States soon became involved in inextri ble dificulties, for having allowed the reservations. They were o! id to extinguish the title of the servers in Ge a high price. The other States warred upon the reservers until many of their selections Price,Two Cents, | MN Hl were lost. To pay these spoliations has cost am immense sumot money. The more wary reservers sold out for large sums, returned to the ern country, and with their experience and knowledge of goverar vailed on the more illiterate to form @ constitution, and, with the power which money always gi ey invested. themselves with the otfices and govern f the nation —possessed themselves of the annuiti d_ thus threw more obstacles in the way of the ult: ign of the United States than all other causes combined. e more: illiterate mountain thousands, who proposed to become enlightened husbandmen, thus fell a prey to those wao had enrolled themselves among the “ hunters.” Western Cherokees did not find game so abun- nd in th ‘0 shoot it, they were con- tinually shot by the savage and indiginous tribes, who were doubly jealous of red civilization. Nor were they long unmolested by the whites ; but, on the contrary, soon fucad themselves completely surrounded by” whit Settlements. So great did this evil become, that in 1825, they, though,;Western Cherokees, had to cede their 4,009,000 acres of land for 7,000,000 farther west. In this latter treaty of cession, or exchange, was artfully insert- 1a preamble and section, covertly intended, by the Se- retary of War, to afford a pretext for removing a large tion of the tern Cherokees upon their Western brethren. The Western Cherokees, on the contrary, never dreamed of such a result, while the Eastern Cher- okees were in no way parties to the transaction. The Westera Cherokees, now a good deal advanced im civilization, received a guaranty for a patent to their lands, with a promise ot @ sub-division, and partition among theic respective inhabitants, at the expense of the United States. They felt themselves to be at last inthe ossession of a permanent and peaceful home—a home for which they had to fight, as well as pay. Meantime the States, and particularly Georgia, had become impatient to have the remaining Chero! Te- moved from their borders. The farseeing statesman, Mr. Calhoun, in 1825, told the Cherokees, in language truly prophetic, that they would have to remove. The lottery system of gambling away new acquisitions of Georgia domain—the fine improvements made by the Cherokees —the valuable roads and ferries, all greatly accelerated the tendency “to drive out the Indians.”— ‘The adoption by the latter of a constitution and a writ- ten code of laws, was, more than any other ene cause, fatal to their prosperity. The argument that imperium in imperio was a violation of cl ered rights, and of a treaty between the United States and the State of Geor- gia, in which the former had contracted to extinguish the Indian title to Inuds within the chartered limits of the latter, was brought forward with a degree of ingenuity which convinced all who did or did not understand the nport of these Latin words, » discovery of gold may be said to have completed the conquest. “The extension of the State laws—the an- nihilation of the Cherokee polity—the imposition upon them of severe penal laws—the survey—the lottery— the settlement of hordes from every part of the world— the imprisonment of the missionaries—the defiance of the Supreme Court—the establishment, by the United States, of a braach mint—the moral degradation ot the Cherokee people —all ollowed in such rapid suce thata recapitulation uf them here would be tedious. 1327, the laws of Georgia were extended. In 1833, ten new counties sent a large representation to the Georgia Legislature, from the Cherokee nation. The reservers were made objects of persecution--they were all turnea from their hom aud hundreds of others shared the same fate. Alabama and North Carolina soon followed the example of Georgia. After all efforts at resistance failed—it was resistance to the whirlwind and pest—dissensions took plac selves—a treaty party grew complete cession ef their I ‘The previous policy of the Un.ted States w: ( pletely developed. They seemed not to think of any other country for the 20,000 Eastern Cherokees, except the 7,000,000 acres previously ceded to the 5000 hunts- men, the Western Cherokees. So little did the victims to this selfish policy reason noe the subject, that they pretty generally yielded to this view ; and the leaders and more intelligent expended all their talents in propa- gating false slanders against the climate and soil—of the “grave yard” Arkansas. ‘The fatal consequences of this want of candor were afterwards severely felt. By the treaty of 1835, a treaty extorted by necessity, and agreed to by a minority of our oppressed and bleed- ing people, und forced upon the majority, the eastern Cherokees were thus thrown upon their western breth- ren, who were no parties to the treaty of 1835, no more 1 been the eastern Cherokees parties to the treaty of 1828, We trust that every impartial reader will thus clearly see the true foundation of the division of the Cherokees into parties, ‘Chey were not the divisions of mere ambi- tious men, struggling for pow They were divisions impelled by circumstances, over which ndians had no control, And whatever of fault may seem to fall the door of upon the more obstinate, thus, a the government of the United sions.—Van Buren IvpraN Carrives,—Aa articie nas recently gone the rounds of the papers, stating that there were a number of white children held in captivity by the Ca- manches, By some th dered tabulous. In 1836, the Commissioners appointed by the United States to treat with the Indian tribes, employed ¢ ol Chouteau to go out to the plains, and bi in the Camanches, to hold a talk and form a treaty. Col. ©, started out to plains, but could not find the Camanches till he went far South on the Brazos They had collected there in strong force -both the Mexicans and Texans were trying to thom against thoir enemies, and the Camanche w: were quietly waiting on the frontier, to join whichever y seemed to promise the largest share of the spoil: ory, caleulating their chance Viankets, guns and aiamunition. in with their encampment, where were their women aud chlidven, and amoung them he found 40 or 50 white chil- dren, that had been captured at various times from Texans and Mexicans; they were generally, irom fi to seven years old, and of both sexes. Many oft cried for joy at the sight of a white man, and wher portunate in their entreaties to take them away from the Indians. He had then neither the means to redeem them | nor to bring them away; but ne promised that he would | urge on the officers of ‘Government to take measures to redeem them without delay, ‘his gave hope and joy to the captives. He made uil proper inquiries of the war riors, and found that they were very willing to sur der these young cap tives ,on the payment of @ Ty > tory rausom. He made the arr: nent with the Indians to come in to hold a t and he represented situation of the captiv dup m the propriety of taking measures to | Peye thene ransomed; aid offered that it the Commis. sioners would graat the authority,and furnish the ret he would, without compensation, go into the plains an receive ail the children thus held in captivity, and bring them into the settlements He confidently expected that representations would be properly attended to by the , but nothing was ever done, and the cap- Namen Secure idk } Wild Sports of the West. I have been spending a few weeks in Illinois and Wisconsin, and cannot, within the limits of a sin- gle letter, begin to give a general description of the cities, rivers, and boundless fertile prairies. But as grouse, or prairie-hen shooting is almost unknown | in the East, I will give you a little description of the sport. Oa the 283th I dropped off the coach at this place, having come through from Gulena in one of the excellent coaches of Frink, Walker & C.o’s line. We had been passing over rolling prariie land for the previous twenty-four hours, and on inquiry, I found I was ina good country for this kind of sport, and immediately determined upon enjoying it. The landlord, one of the most obliging men I had | met with, and a perfect Nimrod,and almost a fish- rod, for he was 6 feet 2 inches and the width of a lath, immediately offered his services. Being one of those very hot days, we thought it prudent to wait until after dinner,when we started, four persons, each provided with a double barrelled gun, gai nets, shot belt and powderflask, &c., not forgettin, a huge lump of ice and some prime baa id took two persons to hold the poiuters, Don ae Fan, in the light wagon. We drove some three miles from this pretty village, taking to the open prairie, which here is sl ly rolling, covered with a rich rank grass of which horses and cattle are very fond. As soon as the dogs were let loose, they commenced coursing with nose, the ground, and occasionall bounding above the tall grass to see if we were fol- lowing in the wagon. Soon Den missed—the wagon stops—out we jump, and carefully approach- ing the dog in his rear, we find him fixed like a statue, with fore paw raised. Having cocked our guns, we boldly push him ahead, almost under our very feet—the bird arises with a loud flutter, und the nearest man fetches him down without moving from the spot. Fan has pointed another, and bein, younger and less cautious, has run upon the bird, who suddenly rises,is shot at and missed,but brought down by along shot. The bustle now made starts up here and there several chickens, which fly in differ- ent directions, and each man is engaged in loading and marking down the birds. . Having loaded, we move forward, and havin, gone a few steps, we wake up a straggling bird, whi is shot. We have'now bagged three or four birds from that covey, each bird very simular to our partridge, butlarger. We now leaa Don and Fan to the near- est marked bird—Fan has the scent, buthas overrun itand lost it ; old Don is behind, and following if with caution and certainty, we discover the bird isin motion—the grass is low, but nothing seen of her. — Moving cautiously and closely upon the dogs, the bird has stopped after a smart run, and the old dog is at a dead point, while tmid Fan backs him at a respectful distance in the rear. On our near ap- prouch, Don starts his bird, and she is ours) Thus we pick up as many as we could mark down, and becoming a little fatigued, again enter the wagon, aftera little eaw d’vie, and driving in indirect lines across the smooth prairie, the dogs once more have the scent strong, and are perplexed by the number of cross trails. Quick they huntit up, and are bothat a point on different birds. We now approach, re and file, the left man at the left bird, and the right man at the right bird—the birds rise—one, two, three, and eight move at once—a pertect feu de joie, and any quantity of birds have dropped, but in the haste no one marks down those te or those shot. Now commences the hunt for dead birds in the tall grass—seven birds killed, and after a long hunt only five found. All locded, the dogs again hunt up some stragglers, which have flown in the wheat stubble, and run in the nearest grass, where we pick them up, by the aid of the dogs, one by one. The poor dogs are now panting with heat and exer- tion—we must give them a drink out of a tin cup brought for the purpose, and endeavor to find some gully or small pond in which they may cool off. The birds are very abundant, and our wagon well loaded with them. We return home at dusk with forty or fifty birds, which would sell tor as many dollars in New York, and here are valued no more than common fowls. During our hunt,we shot two owlsZone hawk, two plovers, one woodcock, and two wil Lay te epg we found while crossing some swampy land and the wheat fields. Great numbers of meadow lark and quail were seen, which we did not regard, as they were among the prairie fowl. Ean Grouse are so plenty here, that it is a common thing to see them on the road side, and shoot them from the top of the stage coach EI Passo Del Norte is a Mexican town in Chihua- hua,on the road to Santa Fe. It contains several thousand- inhabitants, butit is scattered over a large space and is ce- lebrated for its orcnards, gardens, vineyards and well cultivated farms. It is surrounded by a fertile and well watered country, and the inhabitants cultivate the land with more skill than in any other part of Mexico. The fields are generally invigorated by artificial means Its inhabitants are said to be kind, liberable and hospitable to strangers. They make excellent wine from the pure juice ofthe grape. At this place the Texan prisouers were kindly and humavely treated. Mr. Jerome, of New Haven, Connecticut, yearly consumes of the various articles used in th if ture of clocks the following enormous quantith er box; 1,500 pound b fis. glue; 80.00) looking glas $2,400 are puid and f jaws, coal and oil; 76; paid wages yearly, $30,000; clocks made per day, 200; year, 50,000. Green, the reformed gambler, is lecturing in De- troit with his usual success and éclat. ; Amun has been fined tifty dollars in Hartford- Conn., for playing an unlawful game called thimble rig gery, at which he had won ten dollars. Miss Abby Kelly is lecturing in the vicinity of Ashtabula, Ohio. The recent race on the St. Lawrence, between the Ogdensburgh boat Banner, and the Prescott boat Arrow, was wou by the former in gailaat style. During the seven months of the present year there have been built at Cincinnati seventeen steanboats,with an aggregate tonnage of 3,215 tous, aad at aa aggregate cost of $243,000. : The Genesee Republican announces the death of Hon. Thomas L. L. Breat, formerly Charge d’Atfuires to Portugal, and son of the late Hon. D. Carroll Brent, of Virginia. ‘ Tue census of Ithaca, Tompkins county, which has just been completed, shows a population of 2050, being an increase siuce 1340 of 39) suais. Nearly 18,000 pounds of wool have been raised ia this towa during the past year, which is about double tae quaatity produced in 1840, ‘ A Northern man, but with “ Southern principles” no doubt, who is at preseat on a visit at tite plautation of one of our nospitane Crevies, weitiug to as feieat in this city, says : * His bolls of cottoa ace tne bas! saw—his bow!s of puaca the best I ever tasted.” Orleans Picayune. x wile ut ex-Gov. Taownas, of Marylaad, has ad padlisned a uotice of ner intentiva to apply to the Virginia legislatare for a divorce. The citizens ot Wilmingtoa, N. C. have adopted measures for the erectioa of a cotton factory in that city Paris Fashions—Por Hiber (From the Modes Parisivanes } Fancy straws, open work, trimmed with 4 profusion of white, pink, lilac, aad biue ribbuas witu brignt edges, ac- cording to the taste of the persons, are very much vogue, Cashmeres and mouseline de laines’ priated in bright colors of seven or vigat shales, blsutel wit whate, light blue and yellow, are worn at the watering places and promenades, Crossour stripes nave fallen to the wear of Bohemmiennes or Grisettes, and ara very common indeed. They were aever adopted by the fasa- ionables, as being opposed to all ideas of taste or grace- fulness indress. Mouseline de iaines and casameres, in bright colors, will be much more worn thaa any otaer description of goods for the autumn and winter. These when of fine wool, being quite as brilliant as ‘4 much more advantageous for wear. Taclacanne white and colored emoroidered, will be more others at brilliant soirées the coming wiater. een some embroidered ta two shades of blue, “aad lilac, that are quite distingue. Caeni- Seiten, ealbro Jere. in front, and Pelerings, idem, are the icles of distinction in this line. Lace Capes, and Peler- ai in mode colors for young ladies; elbow, with half long glo’ Jet of marquassite and ma: ‘Tarlatanne embroidered dre: were much worn at the soiree gi Mortemart to the Dukes of Saxe Montfort. Escare.—At Yarmouth, Cape Cod, on the 11th i there was a severe storm of thunder and light- ‘The house occupied by Mra. Nabby Taylor, and Hy the fluid passed from thi lor, and theace over ter sto- tearing open her shoe, pass- a her two sons, was stru to the shoulder of Mrs. 4 mach down to her toot, an ed out and entered a crack in the foor, near where her foot wos resting. She fell from her chair, but immedi- herself, and, on ¢: did not ately recove: prove to be seriously hu! , Yacut Race.—It is said it has been Air aawes Col. Winchester and Mr. Miller, own ers of the yachts Northern Lightand Siren, that a second since remained in captivity among the m8h Louie New Bree jal i tronger breeze should take place in Boston eg in the first week in September.