The New York Herald Newspaper, August 19, 1845, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol. XI., No, 207—Whole No. 4089 E By Government Express. FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA. Firmness in the Cotton Market. DEPRESSION IN THE LONDON MONEY MARKET. Bad Harvests Anticipated. TERRIBLE STEAMER COLLISION. Over One Hundred Lives Lost, ARRIVAL OF THE OVERLAND MAIL, Se. de. Se. The Steamship Hibernia, Captain Ryrie, arrived at Boston on Sunday noon, having made the pass- age in lees than twelve days. She brings ten days later intelligence. The news 1s not of much importance. Large sales of Cotton at previous prices. Among the passengers, are Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean and Mr. Hackett. They will remain a year. Itis said the terms of their engagement are the highest yet given to any actors from England. ‘The transactions in American securities have been very limited, and prices are still depressed. Mr. Charles Ware, formerly of this country, died recently at Liverpool. He had been engaged in commercial business. The wife of George Catlin, Iisq., the celebrated painter and delineator of Indian customs, died in Paris on the 30th ult. Mr. Jenifer, the Minister at Vienna, from the Uni- ted States, has received his order of recal. It was expected that Parliament would be pre- rogued on the 7th or Sth inst. A cargo of American ice has arrived at Glasgow where its unloading attracted much attention. It1s a fact worthy of notice in the United States, that wool is considerably bt rs now than for along period previous to the repeal of the duty. This ap- parent paradox is easily explained a legitimate result of that enlightened measure by those even par- tially acquainted with the science of commerce.— Liverpool paper. Hortaicaty erince Albert, and the junior branches of the Royal Family, are still sojourning in that beau- titul spot, the Isle of Wight. Her Majesty makes frequent excursions to the picturesque scenery with which the island abounds, as well as her Royal Con- sort, and their children, are in excellent health. ‘The Augsburgh Gazette has the following from Aleppo, June 5:—‘ The troops of the Pacha of Da- mascus have gained a great victory over the Arabs, who had surrounded the town of Hama. They took 1,000 prisoners, of whom they beheaded 250, and an immense booty. Mr. Brunel has devised a new engine, to run fifty miles an hour, and to work on eight driving wheels. - London evening paper. Mr, MeLane.—The royal mail-steamer Acadia, Captain Harrison, arriged in Liverpool or the 29th ultimo, at 11 o’clock, A. M., after a very good voy- age of 12 days 18 hours from Boston. Te having been notified by telegraph that she had on board Mr. McLane, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plen- potentiary from the United States, a number of per- sons assembled at the Pier to witness his landing as amark ot respect. During his stay in town he oc- cupied apartments atthe Adelphi Hotel; and pro- ceeded om Friday to London, where he arrived in the course of the day, and took up his residence at Thomas’s Hotel, Berkely-square, London. The London press announce his arrival with cordial greeting, Hicu-Hanpep Insustice.—The Journal du Havre of the 2d of August, contains the following article, which is taken from the Courier Mercantile, of Genoa, of the 26th ult., and is a good illustration of the arbitrary disposition of British naval officers, and the manner in which they interpret the inter- national laws, whenever they think they can act with impunity. Captain Aquaronne, commanding the Sardinian of March, with brig Sansone, had left Bahia on the a cargo of tobacco, rum, manufactured goods, an sundry other articles. ‘There were on board a crew of fifteen persons, twelve passengers of different nations; she was going to the coast of Atrica. She arrived at Quitta, where she was boarded by Captain Layton, of the British brig of war Signet, who announced to Captain A,, that he, the crew and passengers of the Sansone were his prisoners. Captain A., his mate, the boatswain, and a sailor, were allowed to remain on board their vessel; the remainder, with the passengers, were taken on board the Signet, and an English crew, under the command of one of their officers, took possession of the other vessel. Arrived at the Isle of Ascen- sion, the Sansone found ee Signet, which had arrived six days before. At tifis place, the Sardinian crew and the passengers were ordered back to their own vessel, and the Sansone was finally put under the command of the First Lieutenant of the Signet, Mr. Ant. Edward Lynon, who took with him a crew of fifteen British sailors. It is under the orders of this officer that the Sansone reached Genoa. Thus the passengers who wanted to go to the coast of Africa, and had in those regions business of importance to transact, were brought by force to Genoa, where they probably knew nobody, and have no means of supporting themselves, unless the Sardinian Gevernment comes to their assistanbe. Moreover, a cargo destined for a distant trade and a special market, 1s brought to Europe, where it will find no purchasers, and that because a British com- mander supposed the vessel was a slaver. _ Unrrep Mexican Minina Assocration.—A meet- ing of this body was held in London on the 30th ult. The chief business was to make an alteration in the deed of settlement, so as to enable the directors to declare a dividend, without having so large a surplus as £60,000, which was confirmed. Notice had been given of a dividend of 5s, per share, and the chair- man previously to declaring it, stated that, having received additional remittances since the last meet- ing they were enabled to declare a dividend of 7s. 6d. per share, which was done accordingly. The company has been struggling with great difficulties for upwards of twenty years, and this is the first di- vidend that has been paid since its commencement. Tria or tHE Sranish Prares.—The trial of the ten Portuguese and Spaniards charged with pi- racy, and with the murder of ten Englishmen be- longing to her Majesty’s ship Wasp, came on at the Exeter assizes on the 24th ult., before Mr. Baron Platt, and a jury composed partly of foreigners. ‘The trial fasted two days. On the second day, the jury retired,and, after an absence of an hour, returned into court with averdict of guilty against the Maja- val, Servs, Alves, Ribiero, Francisco, Martinos, and Joaquim; and not guilty as regard- ed Dos Santos, Manuel, and Jose Antonio. The learned judge then passed sentence of death, leaving them no hopes on this side of the grave. Commerctar..—The elements continue to be an object of serious apprehension, and fears for the (28 Ae the harvest are daily on the increase. ‘The weather continues broken, the temperature is low, there is little sunshine, and the absence of warmth is supplied by occasional falls of rain, which in some districtshave done serious, but not irreparable, in- jury to the growing crops. Up to the present mo- ment the amount of injury, taken in the aggregate, has not been heavy, and with the return of fine Weather, the produce of the fields would speedil ripen, and the result would equal, perhaps excee the yield of any recent year. The danger is as to the future. The harvest, under any: circumstances, miustbe late, and a late harvest 1s alwaye perilous. Inthe meantime, the stock of grain in the country is daily dwind away, and eloatitives are being made that there is not actually more than a_fort- night's consumption on hand. A bad harvest— which may Heaven in its mercy avert !—would be a national calamity; at the Present time so fearful,that we turn from its contemplation with feelings akin to horror, and nothing but the goodness of an all- wise Providence can save us fom the impending evil. The ruinous eflects of a bad harvest, in the present position of the country, are incalculable. In a week all the sources’ of national rity would be dried up. apt Toney would Tnerease=-the’ bank wea 4 strict, its issues—speculation would receive its quietus—the corn imported would have to be pai for in gold~manufactures would tapetionee te acute, an instant shock—the produce markets would | sufler—credit would be impaired—capital would dis- appear—and a crisis, in which the strongest would | bend before the blast, would sweep over the land, | bring misery, more or less acute, to every hearth. | As to the political phase of the calamity, that is of | secondary importance. But there can be littledoubt | that it would arm the Anti-Corn Law party with ‘a voice potential as double as the Duke’s.” We write on the evening of the fourth of August. The wea- ther yesterday was cold and squally. During the | night the rain fell in heavy torrents. To-day the sun has been chary of his presence, and the advance of each day renders matters more critical. Warmth and sunshine appear to have taken their departure, and in no instance has the proverbuul fickleness o! our climate been more apparent. , ‘The weather has already began to influence the corn markets. In London the rise has been con- siderable, and the quotations indicate not so much the business done as the fears which prevail. In the Liverpool market, on Friday and Saturday, prices improved considerably, and the market closed firm at an advance on the previous quota- tions. The same influence has and will be expe- rienced in the other great corn markets of the kin; dom. There are professional croakers busy in giving the most gloomy picture of present app ances, and the “rogues in grain” are proverbial for having little sympathy with the rest of the world. Speculators are now beginning to count the odds against the weather—how successfully a short time will show. The character of the weather, during the next fortnight, will decide the fortunes of thousands, and involve the fate of parties and of cabinets, As this is the subject of the week, we have be- stowed ,the utmost care in presenting our Canadian and United States’ readers with a comprehensive and correct return of the principal Corn markets in Great Britain. It will be seen from these ample de- tails, that the upward price of Grain during the last month has been bona, and uniform, and that the article is dearer now by 12s. to 14s. per quarter than it was at the corresponding period in July. At Liv- erpool, on the last market day, Foreign Flour im- proved from 2s. to 3s. per barrel, and Wheat up- wards of 3d. per 70 lbs. As a large supply will be looked for from North America, where the recent accounts represent the new crops as being prolific, the subject is of the last importance to our commer- cial readers, and to it we direct their special atten- tion. [ven with fine weather, it is believed, so low are the stocks, that the recent advance will be maintained; and, if the worst apprehensions are realized, Wheat, in less than a month from this time, may be at 80s. or even 90s. per quarter. If depend- ence is to be placed in the accounts from the Baltic ports, the produce of Wheat in the districts where itis mostextensively grown is likely to be very deficient. At Danzig a good deal of speculation has been going on, and prices equal to 423. per quarter, free on board, have, itis said, been paid. For supplies re- ceived from the interior, down the Vistula, 34s. to 363. have been realised. At Rostock and the lower Baltic ports 34s. per quarter, free on board, have been given, and even at these rates only a limited quantity could be had. At Stettin nearly the same rates have ruled. In short, the least additional ex- citement would send up the price of Wheat alarm- ingly all over Europe. he state of the weather has been making itself fe't in the cotton market. The gloomy atmosphere of last week chilled all disposition for business, and prices on the middling kinds of American declined eh per lb. The sales of the week were only 32,000. esterday, however, the market rallied a little, spe- culators were nibbling, and matters wore a more healthy appearance. ‘The sales were 8000 bags, and of this quantity 3000 American were taken on specu- lation. In the manufacturing districts there has been no change worthy of notice. Business remains in nearly the same condition as at the sailing of the Jast packet, with, perhaps, less buoyancy of feeling, eet cireumstances at which we have already glanced. In the Iron trade there has been more doing of late. The price of Pig Iron has been reduced in Glasgow, where it commands £3 7s. 6d. per ton, and in Liverpool £8 15s. Bars realize £7 12s. 6d. to £7 15s. The price of Rails rules froni £9 10s. to £10 per ton. The intelligence which came to hand recently, ¢hat the current half year’s interest, due on the stock of: Pennsylvania, would not be paid—at least for the present—has had an injurious e} price of American securities generally. seen that the prices uf most kiads of the securities of the United States have suffered in public estima- tion, and this shock to confidence can only be re- stored by a speedy return to promptness‘and regular- ity. Serions fears of a failure of the harvest now begin to be felt. The weather has been far from, favorable for the harvest. The sup- ply of grain at presentin the country is very limited, and a failure of the coming crop would be’a serious inconvenience. The stock of United States flour in Liverpool, under lock, consists of 96,335 bbls; of which about 15,000 are sweet, the remainder sour ; should the new wheat want help, this article, owin, to the low coarse quality of the Baltic wheat, wil be of unusual virtue, as it will give strength and color also, PartiamMeNTary.—The last few days have been untortunately rife in railway accidents. Misfor- tunes, it is said, seldom come singly, and the cala- mities of locomotive transit strengthen the correct- ness of the axiom. Lord Palmerston brought the subject before the [louse of Commons, and coupled It, strangely enough, with a strong condemnatory peroration on the defenceless state of our sea- board. With regard to travelling by rail, the Premier threatened, unless the directors used a keener supervision over their servants, to ease them of the duty, and transfer it to the hands of the Executive Government—a threat which will proba- bly work a speedy and permanent cure. On the subject of national protection, he evinced less appre- hension. and seemed to chide the fears of his assail- ant. War seems remote, but the best mode of keeping it so is to be prepared for it at all umes. Cnupidity is often excited by a contrary policy. The present is the age of mechanical wonder, and in deciding the fate of nations by physical conflict, the engineer will play as promi- nent a part hereafter, as the field-marshal has done in times gone by. It is this consciousness of living under circumstances so different from our faghers that has probably inspired Lord Palmerston with his patriotic misgivings. r. Fielden, one of the members tor Oldham—a large manufacturer, and a gentleman of extreme Pigg ah cme nee in an able speech, the other night, how grindingly oppressive the income tax can be made, even in the case of an obstrepo- rous member of Parliament. Mr. Fieldin’s wealth and credit enabled him to make a statement which would have been the ruin of a smaller man—that his business, so far from yielding a profit, entailed an actual loss. The commissioners treated his assertion, even his oath, with indifference. They first assessed his business as producing £24,000 profit, and then, on appeal, unceremoniously re- duced the amount to $12,000—for refusing to pay the tax on which, the officersof the Government distrained on his goods! But although he made out his case, he obtained no redress, He merely succeeded in proving what every one knew to bea fact, that many are obliged to pay this most inqui sitorial and oppressive tax as the caprice of the com- missioners choose to levy it, frem the fear of worse consequences—that of revealing their pecuniary nakedness, The Slave-trade Treaty Bill, which secks to ren- der the subjects of Brazil amenable to English law courts, and to treat them as pirates, has met with a becoming, but a fruitless, opposition. America, ‘Texas, and Mexico. If, Mexico be powerless, France neuter, and Eng- land indilferent, Texas 1s ‘no longer a separate and independent republic, but “annexed” to the United States, ‘The Texan Congress, after an amiable struggle between the Senate and House of Repre sentatives as to which should have the glory of origi- nating the measure, have consented toler the “ pe ple and territory of the republic of Texas be erecte Into @ new State, to be called the State of Texas, with the republican form of government, in order that the same may be admitted as one of the States of the American Union.” This was followed by another joint resolution of the two legislative bo- dies, relative to the introduction of United States troops into Texas; andjan American agent, imme- diately after the passing of the annexation resolu- tions, proceeded to select military posts for the said troops. Whether this is to be the end or the beginning of the Texan drama, lies where a great many, other curious things are waiting to come forth—in the womb of time. Mexico, unaided, can oppose no serious obstacle to the completion of annexation, though it is probable she will place herselt in oppo- sition to it. If she should actin concert with any fre: itcan only be with England, for M. Guizot jas solemnlyproclaimed that France will notinterfere between Texas and the United States. But he said nothing about non-interference, if England should move in the business. Our own opinion, however, is that this country will not move in it, further than she already has, viz. to endeavor, by diplomatic inter- vention, to prevent the annexation. Sir Robert Peel would hardly go to war upon the subject; more YORK, TUESDAY MORNING . AUGUST 19, 1845. Price Two Cents, especially as it now wears the appearance of a na- tional proceeding. A Congress has been elected and convened expressly for the purpose of declaring, in the name of the people of Texas, whether that country should or should not be annexed; and now, in the name of the people (for so we must interpret the forms that have been observed) they declare that it shall. Upon what ground, then, gould Eng- land, or any other nation, forbid this act of the peo- le? Mexicocan do so, because Mexico still regards Texas as a revolted province of her own empire, and still possesses the right, therefure, if she be able, to recover possession of it. . The introduction of United States troops into Texas was in fulfilment of the assurances contained in the letter of Major Donelson, the American Charge d’Affaires at Texas, to Mr. Allen, Acting | Secretary of State of the Texas Republic. The fol- | lowing extract from this letter will show that the American Government is prepared to maintain its acquisition of the new State at the point of the sword:— In answer to the application thus made forthe em- ployment of the troops of the United States on the fron- tier of Texas, the undersigned is authorized to say that, as soon as the existing government and the Convention of Texas shall have accepted the terms of annexation now under their consideration, the President of the Uni- ted States will then conceive it to be both his right and his duty toemploy the army in defending this State against the attacks of any foreign power; and, thet this defence may be promptly and efliciently given, should the anticipated emergency arise rendering it necessary, the undersigned is also authori y, that a force, consisting of 3,000 men, placed e border adjacent to Texas, will be prepared to act without a moment's delay, within the territory of ‘Texas, as circumstanees may require, go as best to repel invasion A correspondence has been lished in the Washinglon{Union, between the President, Jones, and the Mexican Governinent, relating to a treaty of peace between Mexico and Texas, upon the basis of an acknowledgement of the indemnity of the lat- ter, which certainly shows that the French Minister in Mexico has taken a more active part in this ques- tion than might have been, expected from the lan- guage of M. Guizotin the Chamber of Deputies. The ate of this correspondence is anterior to the pro- ceedings of the Texan Congress, and while, to use the language of the Washington Union, it “com- prises some of the mysteries of the treaty with Me: co,” it also “implicates Mr. President Jones inthese extraordinary transactions.” ‘This ridiculous negociation (continues the Washington Union) at which the Cow f England and France will have some cause to blush—every way ridiculous, as well on account of the scheme itself, as of the conduct of its agents (Elliott and Saligny,) and of its unqualified and unanimous rejection by the Senate of Texas, will reflect some light on the absurd and new-fangled doctrine of M. Guizot about the balance of “ scenery, machinery and decorations,” after all this elaboration of machinery—all the working ofthe wires—all these trips of the Eurydice backwards and forwards, the Mexican treaty should have been unanimously rejected! The whole drama, indeed, is more ridiculous than any farce which was ever played upon the French or English stage. ‘There is something very amusing in the assump- tion of grandeur by the President of Texas in his message to Congress, as if the republic of Texas were at least upon an equality with that of the Uni- ted States, end had intimate political relations with all the monarchies of the old world. Her navy, we rather think, consists of two small vessels, pur- chased at New York, and her army of every man who has gota rifle or bowie-knife of his own. Yet Mr. President Jones thinks it necessary to commu- nicate to the motley gentlemen who constitute the Congress, the auspicious aspect of foreign atfuirs, in tue following words :— The Executive is happy to announce to Congress that ‘Texas is at peace with the world; that with all foreign powers with whom we have had intercourse, friendly re- jations are maintained. ‘The different tribes of Indians on our borders, with whom treaties exist, have continu- ed to observe the same with good faith, and within the last few days information has been received that the only band of Camanches within our limits, who had maintain- ed until then a hostile attitude towards Texas, have sued for peace, and expressed a wish to be permitted to come to Bexar to celebrate a treaty of ig ie a which, on the part of this government, had been complied with. Burlesque can hardly go beyond ‘ peace with the world,” “friendly relations with all foreign powers,” and the “only band of Camanches within our limits, who had maintained a hostile attitude,” suing for peace.—John Bull, August 2. {From Wilmer & Smith’s Times.}_ i Annexation or Texas.—The annexation of Tex- as, which may now be regarded as consummated, is too important an event in the history of nations to escape the lynx-eyed vigilance of the press in this quarter of the globe. It has been freely commented on since the arrival of the Acadia, last week, which brought the resolutions of the Texan Congress. The annexation is not, of course, palatable to John Bull, which is, perhaps, the best reason why it should be popular on the western shores of the Atlantic. The feeding organ of the late Government, the Morning Chronicle, makes it the subject of a bitter attack on the foreign policy of the present Cabinet, which might, and ought, 1t contends, to have prevented the catastrop. It is ridiculous to hold such language. The et could not have prevented the annexa- n, if they had strained every art which diplomacy suggests. ‘The policy of Mexico, ever since ‘Texas wrested her freedom from that imbecile power, has, step by step, accelerated the event at which the lat- ter 1s now so chagrined. The ungratetul, not to say pitiful, conduct of Santa Anna, in constantly keeping in “hot water,” and actually making war upon the people who first defeated, and then, with a generous heroism, gave him life and liberty, caused Texas to be attracted, as sympathetically as the pole attracts the needle, to the United States. The citizens of that country were in feeling, as they now are in name, citizens of the great Republic—one common sympathy of country, and kindred, and institutions, animated alike the minor and the major Republic. The “star-spangled banner” has increased another stripe, and has baffled the policy of European states- men—those long-headed personages, who fancy that, like Joshua, the sun ought to stand still at their bidding. What has taken place Was inevitable in the nature of things, and has long since been antici- ated by all who could read the signs of the politica! joroscope. But American aggrandisement, the) say, willinot stop here. This large slice of deer: Mexico may feed, but will not satisfy, greedy re- pilicans. “Yearnings after California are already apparent. Oregon, nay, Mexico itself, may be swal- lowed up speedily by the energetic Anglo-Americ: race, now spreading over the northern continent. Such are the fears that shake the rulers of the old world—fears which are participated in, to some ex- bday many who ought to know better, in our own island, ‘Texas.—It is very mortifying to perceive that those races in America which upheld slavery and the old aristocracy of color should be thriving and in- creasing in numbers, wealth, peace, and power, whilst that, race which has proclaimed the great principle of human equality, and acted upon it, should remain poor and divided, its industry paralyzed, its etforts at political organization utter Talos, and its very existence threatened by the encroachments of its neighbors. The Anglo-Americans and the Pi tuguese-Brazilians, thrive ; the Spanish race, even inthe most favored position dwindles. Within 20 foe the Anglo-Americans have swollen from 10,000,000 to 18,000,000; within the same time, being about the period of their freedom, the Mexicans haye increased from 6,000,000 to_7,000,000, that too being mostly Indian increase. There are 1,000,000 of whites ‘in Mexico, 2,000,000 of mixed race, 4,000,000 of Indians. How can such a population withstand or compete with the expansive power of the Anglo-American ? And yet the philanthropist could not hesitate which to preter. In Mexico the Indian walks armed by the nde of the white man,his best support, his free,laborer, and friend. ‘The Ame- rican drives his slave-gang before him to the culti- vation of a new soil. The worst features of hu- manity are prominent in the one, the best features in the other ; but the bad prevails, and, as we can- not take upon us to set straight by the strong hand what we think unfitting in the ways of Providence, we must deplore and abide. There does indee seem to be a powerful demon employed counteract- ing and undoing all that we have done or can do against slavery and the slave trade. Nowhere has it more completely baflied our efforts than on this very land of Texas. But the struggle from the first was a vain one. Had we, indeed, on first recogni- zing the independence of Texas procured a recog- nition of it from Mexico, and poured European capi- tal and population into it, we might hi reared an independent State ; but capitalists refused to repair thither, the American alone migrated to Texas. In such circumstances to hope that Texas would not politically Anglo-American, as_ it was declare itself left to become in population and commercial con- nection, was idle. How strong the nationakeurrent ran in that direction we see from the unanimity of the Texan sssemblies. ‘They are all American to a man. If they ever aflected to desire independence, it was to force Jonathan to grant them fair terms— ‘This they seem to have £0 though not without_ter- rifving President Polk, by shaking hands with Capt. Elliott The conditions of the United States were churlish ; the grudging Senate of Washington passed them that the Texans might demur, that fresh nego- tiations might take place, that thus the matter should in come before Cor shown himself in this a worthy son of Jackson ; in- deed an improvement upon old Hickory, since he has avoided the violence and bloodshed which ac- companied the General’s seizure of the Floridas.— The question now is, whether the British Govern- ment and that of France, having failed, will be con- tent to refrain from all further interferenee, Wall they give up their treaties with Texas? Will En- glishinen give up their claim'upon Texas,asa portion of Mexico, for the 60,000,000 dollars due by Mexico to them? Will these European powers remain | Strangers to the settlement of a new frontier between Mexico and the 30th state of the Union, or will at- tempts be made, by negotiation at Washington, to settle these in conjugction with the Oregon fron- tier? Mr. M’Lane is on his way to England to negotiate the latter aflair. The very mission shows a desire on the part of the President to come to some amicable arrangement, and this is done the better, for the American zeal for territory having been satisfied in the direction of Texas, will now throw itself into the Oregon question with the usual fury of appeals to popular desires. It remains to be seen what attitude will be taken by the American whigs, by those who stigmatized annexation. Mexico remain quiet, they will have but weak argu- ments to bring torward. President Polk’s success will add to his popularity, as well as that of the de- mocrats, and eve seems little doubt that these are determined to follow up their victory by reducing the protecting tariff’ down to a tariff requisite for re- venue alone. It seems to be confidently asserted that Mr. Walker will propose this measure at the opening of Congress. Should it take place, it will in some measure reconcile England to the loss of free trade with Texas.—Examiner. [From the London Morning Chronicle, July 31.) Another triumph for the foreign policy of the To- ries! ‘Texas has been annexed to the United States, both branches of its legislature rivalling each other as to which should first consuinmate it, whilst the offer of independence from Mexico, so laboriously, but of course too late, obtained by our envoy, is flang in the face of our envoy aad of Mexico by the Texans, whilst the United States troops already oc- capy the Western frontier of Texas. : t. Polk has certainly commenced his Presiden- cy with a very brilliant achievement, and in oF circumstances he may have been proud. — Althoug! to triumph over our ‘poor devils” of Tories—those bye-words of pusillanimity and blunder, those offi- cials whose fate it seems to be to yield every British night, and disappoint every British hope, the emile of fatuous self complacency resting on their visages all the while—to triumph over such self-doomed antag- onists can be a source of but little glory. F Of the honesty of the transaction the Americans have certaialy little reason to boast. They have bought the Texans, or bribed them by conditions doubling or trebling the value of their scrip, from their undoubted Sovereign, and from the United States’ inoffensive neighbour, Mexico; and they have effected this certainly against the public inter- est offTexas itself, which, as a productive region, can never find in union with the United States that free market in Europe, or open that free market to Europe, which would best develop its resources. The deed has been done, too, it would appear, against the votes and wishes of the American Con- gress. Thatbody specified certain conditions of union which, if not sufficient, or not accepted by Texas, the President was free to appoint commissioners to negotiate. Mr. Donelson, the United States envoy. sets aside the latter expedient as too tardy, an presses the Texan Government to accept conditions laid dewn by Congress, in the assurance that the objections willbe removed and the errors corrected by the influence of the American Government. In fact, the conditions of the Texan annexation are se- cret. President Polk will see them fulfilled, whilst the opposition in the American Senate will find it too late to recall, to remonstrate, or to rescind. The die is now cast, and we must resign our- selves to the annexation of Texas and all its conse- quences—to the extension of a rival and a naval power round the shore of the Mexican Gulf, to the approximation of the same power to an immense region and coast on the Pacific, to an incalculable ngress, and allow time and pay interference to defeat annexation, Presi- | dent Polk has, however, defeated the purpose of his | own Senate,he has out-promised and out-mananvred | England, cajoled the Texans into a vote of annexa- | tion, and acted thereon Promptly by the despatch of | iapaleayeeeess to slavery and slave breeding, as well as, we firmly believe, to slave trading. Whilst we see France and her prohibitive tariff yearly advanc- ing round the Mediterranean, and closing region af- ter region and port after port to our commerce, so in the New World we find the United States, whose prohibitive tariff is of our creation, spread that ta- riff with its flag over shores the most open to our influence, the most favorable to ourtrade. If it was empty honor we lost, or the balance of power, or any of those superannuated, though to us geod motives, which this age has obliterated, we should say noth- ing; but we are losing trade, profits, bower, ship- ping and substance, wanting alike the skill to keep, or the gpftrit to defend them. ‘The American papersadd, that the Oregon dif- ference is settled, as well as that of Texas, and that this settlement consists of our giving up the Colom- bia and the territory North of it to the 49th degree of latitude. It would not at all surprise us. Noth- ing that our Foreign-office could do in the way of cession would surprise us. And we are the more inclined to credit the Sere intelligence, be- cause of the peremptory ravado in words with which Sir Robert Peel met Mr. Polk’s assertion of his country’s right. For your weak statesmen al- ways affect the pendulum movement. ‘They love to oscillate and alternate—be humble to-day," because they were brave yesterday—to excite hopes one day tn order to dash ‘them the next—and make a bold claim, in order to reap the full disgrace of weakly abandoning it. ° Poor Mexico is most to he commiserated. She. seems to have relied implicitely on the influence of England, and to have trusted her cause to Captain tiliot. The English envoy has proved a reed, which has broken in Mexican hands. For, had Mexico exerted herself, she might have made better terms at Washington. [De she ever so_acquiescent at present, ever so cious to avoid war, there remain the different questions of frontier and of territory ch may be claimed as portions of Texas. We have before mentioned, that by seme | even Santa Fé was claimed within its limits. Nor is there any hepa to what point American pre- tensions may extend. We are not of those who deem it certain that the Anglo-American race will prevail, and drive the Spanish, even where most agglomerated, frem the fertile vallies and rich table lands of Mexico, into the barren fastnesses of the isthmus. The Mexican creoles are good and valiant soldiers, to expel whom from their homes and coun- ty would cost the American adventurers dear. Yet, when we consider that the prizes in Mexico are not merely sugar and cotton grounds, wherein to work slaves, but the richest mines in the world, there is cause to fear that the Mexicans will yet have to fight for their central provinces. As to their north- ern ones, kept uninhabited by missionary policy as well asby the infeeundity and inactivity of the Span- ish race, we fear it is a Vain hope, and as vain an in- junction as that of Canute to the waves, to say to the Anglo-Americans they must not advance. Ifitherto much dependence has been placed on the anti-slavery and anti-extension party in the eastern and maritime portions of the United States, which could not contemplate without fear the balance of political pone in the union carried altogether west- ward—slavery, too, hanging at that preponderant end. The late Presidential election has, however, completely overborne them. Texas is annexed, and the north must look itself to extension, in order to compete with rival and with southern interests. War, however, even with Mexico alone, would ren- der the annexation measure and policy most distasteful to the north. And it is evidently in fear of such objections and oppositions that the American diplomatists and ministers proceed with such apparent he in this business, such an aflected observance of forms, and such careful and long winded defence of their conduct, and disavow- al of either violent means, or of trying to influence the free act of Texas in an undue way. With a'l this suaviter in modo there is, however, the fortier in re, declaring that although the vote of Congress does not definitively, and at once, render Texas a State of the Federation, yet still, being in progress towards that state, it is entitled to military detence and protection. The step taken is decisive, the de- fiance peremptory ; but both are speciously and ar umentatively borne out, to meet the objections of qomestic opponents. ‘ ‘The Paris papers of the 2d inst., are chiefly taken up with the annexation of Texas to the United States, which the Constitutionnel regards as prejudi- cial to French as well as British interests. The Courier Francais remarks, on the contrary that:— “The policy of the United States, backed by the | French Ministry, has triumphed over the eflorts of the Mexican Government and the resistance of England. We imagine that Mexico will not e in war with the United States in order to retake Texas. Asto England, no doubt she will resign | herself to it, and our Ministry will follow the exam- ple of that of Sir R. Peel. But now that the Texas question has been resolved, there still remains that of Oregon, and we shall be much astonished if the Britieh Government does not seize occasion to be avenged for this late defeat.” A letter recently received from France says—On questions of interest to America little has been said of importance during the fortnight that has elapsed ships and regiments to the Rio Grande. Polk has | general feeling of dissatisfaction is entertained | against the Siatry, jor -M and especially against M. Gui- zot, the Minister Foreign Affairs, for having permitted the diplomatic agents of France to asso- | ciate themselves with the agents of England in their | exertions to induce the Mexican government to ac- knowledge the independence of Texas, and to pre- vent its annexation to the United States. It is true that it is not oie cobeay tbat the French agents, | nor even the Inglish, have taken so very active a | rt against annexation as has been represented; | ut still there 1s the best reason to believe that they regarded it, and do regard it, with anything but favor. | England’s dislike of annexation may be understood ; but France has no particular interest either for or inst the measure. Now, as the annexation has ways been morally certain of accomplishment, even from the first agitation of it, she has commit- ted a great mistake and a great imprudence in asso- ciating herself, in any degree, to the orpoation: to it; for every schoelboy knows that it is bad policy fora Cabinet to meddle in a dispute between two nations with which she is on very friendly terms, inasmuch ag, take which side she will, she 1s sure to offend one or the other ; and it is still worse poli- cy to side with that nation which it was clearly to be foreseen would be the loser. In its conduct on this unhappy Texas question, the French Cabinet has wounded the feelings of the American govern- ment and people, and incurred the risk of re the warmth of the alliance that has so long existe between the two countries, without doing any good to herself, and without rendering any real service to her English ally, whose cause she so quixotically espoused. : he London Morning Herald says Texas is of no consequence to them, and they would not take her asagift. The United States is welcome to her; that neither England nor France care anything about her being annexed to this country, and that Mexico instead of quarrelling about the nuptals, had better act like a sensible mother, and give her daughter away. Ireland. , The Dublin Evening Mail announces the resigna- tion of Mr. Lucas, the Under Secretary of State.— It has been accepted by the Lord Lieutenant. IIl health is assigned as the reason of his retirement from office. Our Irish contemporary remarks: “It is pretty well understood that this is the third occa- sion on which Mr. Lucas has tendered his resigna- tion of the Under Secretaryship—once during the Viceroyalty of Lord de Grey ; a second time short- ly after the appointment of Lord Heytesbury ; a now, when the resignation has been accepted. We believe, and we have grounds for so expressing the opinion, that for some time Mr. Lucas had been ina delicate state of health, and that latterly his eyes have become extremely troublesome—that the one requiles exercise, the others rest.” as This office was heid, under the whig administra- tion, by the late Mr. I’. Drummond, the “ landlord’s lecturer,” as he was called, from his celebrated ad- monition to the Irish landed proprietors that * prop- erty had its duties as well as its rights.” Mr. Pennefather, son of Baron Pennefather, and brother-in-law of the Earl of Glengall, has been ap- pointed Under Secretary of State, in the room of i. ucas. Carture or Five or Mouiy Macuire’s Men,—A correspondent of the Evening Packet, announces that on Tuesday night, ine 22d of July, Mr. Christo- pher Plunkett, R. M., accompanied by sub-inspector May, and his police party, and also by a party of the 5th Fusileers, commanded by Lieut. Millman, pro- ceeded from Swadlinbar to Glen and Ballinagleragh, where, after a march of upwards of thirty miles, they succeeded in apprehending five of Molly Maguire's sons, who have been fully identified and committed to prison to abide their trial. This capture has af- forded great satisfaction, being regarded as evidence that the authorities possess such information as will enable them to break up the dreadful confederacy organized for the destruction of lite and property. Repeat Association.—At the meeting on the Re- peal Association on Monday, the most prominent subject was a dispute between the repealers in Lon- don. A. section of that body were in rebellion against the warden, Mr. W. J. O’Connell; and they threatened to calla public meeting at the National ae in Holborn, to lay their grievances before the public. i : 4 Mr. O'Connell said that if they did so, their names should be struck off the rolls of Conciliation Hall. The repeal rent forthe week was announced to be over £250. Wexrorp Rergat, Demonstration.—This great repeal demonstration took place on Wednesday, the 23d ult. The progress of Mr. O’Connell from Bray to Wexford is described as one long triumphal pro- cession. The last named town was crowded with people awaiting Mr. O’Connell. Mr. O’Conng]l responded to the toast proposing his health. Ha¥ing read Lingard’s account of the alleged atrocity, he proceeded to congratulate the women of Wexford on tlieir present safety. The ruthless barbarians should never again even think of slaughtering one of them. His countrymen would die by inches sooner than permit them to do so again. Mr. O'Connell concluded by exhorting them to return an out and out repealer as their re- presentative in parliament. RepeaL Mretine at Gatway.—Mr. O'Connell has had another monster meeting at Galway. _ Tue Fatar Conrtict ar BaLinnassie.—A meet- ing was held at Cork on Tuesday last, convened by the Mayor, in compliance with a requisition, in or- der to express to her Majesty’s government the opin- ions of the citizens regarding the recent inquest on the bodies of seven persons killed by the police at the fair of Ballinhassig. Tuer Harvest in IngLanp.—We have most satis- factory reports from all parts of the country, repre- senting the crops as promising great abundance. A letter from Clonmel says :—“I have been many years an extensive and practical farmer; I have been very much through the South since Monday, and I never witnessed such splendid crops—wheat, oats, potatoes, all.”—Dublin Evening Post. France. A statue has been erected in the Court of the Lou- vre to the memory of the Due d’Orleans, the King’s eldest son, who was killed by a fall from his car- riage three years ago. It bears a simple inscription: “*L’Armée au Due d’Orleans, Prince Royal,” but whether it has been actually erected at the expense of the army 1s doubtful. The statue is much ad- mired, though the erities criticise it severely. What, however, is there that that captious class does not criticise ? , i Benronly. had the scandalous affair of Victor liugo ceased to be talked about, than another equally scan- dalous comes upon the taps. A member of the Chamber of Deputies, a man of great wealth, high rank, and good family, pleading for a separation from his wife, on the ground of adultery—his wife pleading, in her turn, for a separation from him on account of his adultery—and there being every rea- son to believe that both are near! oa ly culpable. Another case is related, in which a Marquis, hold- ing a high official situation, sought the hand of a oung lady of great wealth, and married her. On loadin her to her nuptial chamber, he addressed her, “Madame, | love you not; my heart is given to Madame —, and I shall live with her. I can neverlove you, but if you choose to reside in the same house with us, you may ; if not, you must re- turn to your parents!” The man thenleft her to her reflections. This virgin-wife of course returned to since I lastaddresged you. The annexation of Tex- as to the United States, now that the event has taken place, has exeited much attention. A very her parents, but grief has deprived her of reason, and she is now ina lunatic asylum. As to the hus- band, he lives on the fortune of his wife with his mistre! It is in France alone that such things as this can happen. _ ; ‘The celebration of the Revolution of 1830 began in Paris on Monday, with religious observances, in honor of those who perished. Tuesday was the day of rejoicing, there was a kind of fair on the Champs Elysees and at the Barriere du Trone; a concert in the. garden of the Tuilleries, and at night an illumi- nation with fireworks. i M. Guizot_ left Paris on Monday for Val Richer, his seat in Normandy. M, Duchatel byt the place of M. Guizot at the Foreign Office during the absence of the latter. . The Moniteur publishes the estimate for 1846—in which the ordinary and extraordinary expenditures means at 1,355,489,406 francs. Spain. Our accounts from Madrid are of the 26th ult. Ac- cording to the letters from Malaga inserted in the Herald, the Progresista conspiracy, discovered in that city, had ramifications in the Ronda, Grenada, and different other parts of Andalusia. Among the persons arrested,are Lieut. Colonel Lara, and other officers, a great number of sergeants of the regiment of Jaen, a merchant named Hervas, the lawyer Car- dero, Messrs. Canadillas, Saborio, and other indivi- duals known to profess Progresista principles. The | Heraldo states that Madrid was also to have been | the theatre of a revolutionary movement, and that the police had seized copies of an incendiary fee clamation, printed in the vicinity of the capital on the 28d, and which purported to be the manifesto of the “Liberal Union.” Extraordinary precautions were taken for thefmaintenance of ‘tranquillity in Madrid, and the night before the entire garrison had been igen placed under arms. The authorities of Malaga had informed the government that order had not been an instant disturbed in that city. ‘The political chief of Cuidad Real having seized a treasonable correspondence carried on between the Carhsts of that province, had thought proper to ban- ish three of the principal chiefs of that party. A large force was being concentrated in the neighborhood of Vittoria. Some changes were contemplated in the mniliiaey department. General Aspiroz, the di- rector of the artillery, was tobe replaced by General Loigorry, and General Soria, inspector ef the infan- try, by General Cordova. ‘Spain is still feverish and unsettled. At) Tarra- gona the troops were attacked by the mob, and the soldiers had to fire in their own defence. The con- scription was the cause of the riot. The new sys- tem of taxation has met with fierce opposition in various provinces. The Ministers were about leav- ing Madrid to meet the Queen at Sarragossa. i Nothing at all has been settled as to the Queen’s marriage. Her mother is still anxious to marry her to Don Carlos’s son. The Court of France sticks up for Count Trapani, the Neapolitan, England favors a Coburg. Some parties in this country re- commend one of her Majesty’s Spanish cousins. A newspaper valiantly contends for the Prince ot Portugal, a little boy eight years of age 5 and the Queen herself would’ like, itis said, to have Louis Phillippe’s youngest eon, his good looks and charm- ing manners having touched her girl’s heart; but though the person most interested, she, of course, will have no voice in the matter. It is impossible to predict which party will eventually be chosen for the Queen’s hand, for there are about equal chances for all, except the two last, who are, as racing men have it, ‘* nowhere.” E i Reports of Narvaez’s resignation have been cur- rent, but_I cannot ascertain that they had the slightest foundation. Yat Brom Catalonia, the latest intelligence 1s, that the insurrection has been completely suppressed, owing to the severe measures taken by the military com- manders. It is put down, perhaps—but it is feared that it is only slumbering, not entirely extinguished. At one time it assumed a very serious appearance— so much go, that the Government caused vessels to be detained in case they should be needed for her Majesty’s service, but this order has since been re- moved. The insurgents blocked up the course of the water in which the Queen was accustomed to bathe, and thereby caused some temporary incon- venience. The Barcelona Chamber of Commerce has pre- pared an address te all similar bodies in the king- dom, calling on them to petition the Cortes about He admission of Cuba sugars into the English mar- ets. Should England persist in excluding them, the Barcelona merchants recommend recourse to repri- sals, and prohibit the importation into Spain, Cuba. and other Spanish colonies of various articles of English manufacture, such as linens, cloth, hard- ware, muslin, and machinery. Switzerland. _ Y Lucerne, July 24.—The deliberations of the Diet have hitherto been without political interest, and of amere domestic character. The motion to post- pone the assembling of the Federal Camp for a_year was rejected by a large majority. The discussion ot the question a8 to the revision of the paete federal has been again postponed. A very melancholy event has plunged the country into consternation and dismay. M. Leu, one ot the leading members of the Jesuits’ party, was found dead in his bed, weltering in his blo: His parti- sans declare, loudly and unequivocally, that he was basely assassinated ; his political opponents, on the contrary, declare, with equal contidence, that he committed suicide. The physicians declare that trom the position the ball ‘took (he was shot through the heart with a pistol), he could not have committed suicide, and the fact that no pistol was found by his side confirms their asser- tion. But onthe other hand there are no traces of any person entering the house—no noise was heard though twenty people at least were in the house— the shutters of his bedroom were closed, and his wife sleeping by his side, was alarmed by the report of the pistol, but saw no one. The affair is enve- loped in great mystery, but it is to be hoped it will be cleared up. The agitation the matter has cause is really indescribable, and it has embittered the ill feeling which the diflerent parties bear towards each other. My opinion is, that more blood will flow before the people become calmed down; and perhaps this suicide or assassination, whichever it may be, may be made the cause for it. _ Since the above paragraph was set in type, the French papers bring intelligence that the murderer has been apprehended. He had been a laborer in the service of M. Leu, had borrowed. money from his master, who had recently demanded it, and hence the committal of the bloody deed! These facts, if correct, relieve the atrocity of the still deeper stain which previously attached to it. As a deed ot blood, the murder is sufficiently bad, but these disclosures take from the crime all com- plexion of a national stain. Belgtum. The Independenee of Brussels announces the for- mation of the new Ministry, after a considerable pe- riod spent in negotiations. The following is a list of the new government :— Premier—M. Dechampes, as Minister of Foreign Affairs, now Minister of Public Works. Interio.—M. Van de Weyer, the present Ambas- sador in London. Public Works—M. D’Hofischmidt. Finance—M. Malow, the present Governor of Antwerp. Justice—M. D’Anethom. War—M. Dupont. Russia. Sr. Perersnvreu, July 19.—The general com- | manding in Caucasus, Woronzow, has succeeded | in gaining a victory ; but, though made the most of | by our officials, it does not appear to have beena very brilliant affair. Nevertheless, “as a victory it is something, for so far Russia has had more de- feats than triumphs in her encounters with her daring and warlike foes. raf ‘The Emperor has issued an ukase, depriving cer- tain classes of the privilege of obtaining nobility, in virtue of official station, with the same ease as has heretofore been customary. The measure isagreea- ble to the aristocracy, forthe yearly additions to their ranks became so congiderable, as to lessen the consideration with which th@ythink it desirable that the aristocracy should be regarded. Bi July 22—Four this ERLIN, Jul .—Four thi: at present occt the attention oF our people anid esse The fret i the Zollverein, on which there is no end to talk, and scribbling, and guessing ; but as the real deli- berations of the persons deputed the differe: states only commence on the 8th of st, though their formal meeting took place a fo: t ago, and as the ‘result of those deliberations will not be known for some time, it is useless to one’s self with the aforesaid meaeie, The next thing 1s the visit of the Queen of England to the banks of the Rhine, for which great preparations are being made. The third is the igantic concerts and cere- monies that are to take hae at Bona, on the occa- sion of the inauguration of the statue of. Beethoven, on the 10th of st. Che last, and perhaps the mostimportant of all,is the jst ka a which the King is said to be determined to give. A constitution to Prussia was promised years ago, but delayed on one pretence or the other. The present King long since declared that the people were enti- tled to it, and when the ram Power passed into his hands, he promised that they should have it. But though prayed and entreated again and in, he has hitherto always shuffled out of the fulfilment of his pledge. Whether at last his conscience has pricked im into the redemption of his solemn pro- mise, I know not. For my 1 am not very san- guine that it has, for I am‘one of the old-faehioned “hoe who never place much credit in a person who jas suflered himself to be convicted over and over again of most monstrous fibbing. But still the press seems confident of the matter, and even gives a sketch of what the new constitution will be. The faith of these newspapers is very great, to believe after so many cruel deceptions. | “ Count d’Arnim, the able Minister of the Interior, has quitted the Cabinet, and is sueceeded by Mon- sieur Bodelschwing. But this appointment is only hn nag ft there are reports of a complete change in the ministry. : ‘There isno THevoantie intelligence worth giving. are fixed at 1,434,339,406 francs, and the ways and | The reports current as to the part to be taken by Prussia in the Zollverein, are so contradictory, that it is evident that the people who set them on foot have no access to authentic information, | Indeed, | do not believe that our Cabinet has decided on any particular course of action, bat modifies its instruc: tions toits agent from day to day, according to eur- cumstances, i The new church continues its course and meets with success and with defeat; but hme the whole it gains more triumphs than cheeks. The Pope applied to the king to take meastires to prevent the s; of the schism ; but his majesty refused, reminding his holiness that he did not help him, the king, in his struggles @ little while ago, in the mixed? question. The oy gives oe to the new sect, but on the contrary) Tegnes its pro- with very great inquietude. Still ithas not refi it permission to celebrate its rites to the Pro- testant churches, when the ministers thereof give permission. From the neighboring States there i¢ no newsthat 1 think worth communicating. a small kingdom indeed, ever advancing in a liberal direction, has lately passed laws same pri- vile e, political if civil, to Som 4 as are n+ joyed by other classes.