The New York Herald Newspaper, January 31, 1845, Page 1

nent THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol, XI., No. 30—Whole No. 3992. a Governor’s Message of Pennsylvania. To the Senate and House of Representatives :— Gextixmun :--In accordance with a promise made to ou in my {naugural Address, I now submit to you such facts, having a bearing on the flaancial condition of the Commonwealth, as the time has permitted me to collect ‘The near approach of the ay ou which the semi-annual interest again falls due, and the anxiety which we all fevl to return aa soon as possible to a state of public sol- vency, hus hastened the preparation of this statement,and will account for the want of fullness, and of mi- nute accuracy in detaile, It is believed, however, that it may be speaties, for all practical purposes, as adequ ly correct. Tae State debt of Pennsylvania, as appears by the an- nual report of the State Treasurer, consists of the follow- ing items = Permanent loans, at 6 per cent int, 2,681 662 01 Do de do , 900,000 00 0 1,780,658 87 Certificates of loan for interest on fandea 18! debt, August 1, 1642, and February and August, 1843, at 6 per cent, Certificates for interest on lst February and 1st August, 1844, at 6 por cent, Loan per act of 4th May, 1841, (Relief Notes,) 2,606,333 03 1,847,040 48 1,438,178 00 Making an aggregate of, $40,703,866 89 The interest upon the State Debt has not been paid since the first of February, 1842, but certificates have been issued for the same as it accrued; thus funding it,ond making it a part of the principal trae interest so funded amounts to $4,453,378 51 ; an 2pen, this there has accrued for interest a sym, also in part funded and included in the above, amounting to nearly 000. The annual inter- eat payable by the State has thus gone on increasing. For the year 1844, it has been stated at $1,954,187 14; for 1945, it will amount, inclading the interest accruing on Relief Notes, and on certificates issued to Domestic Creditors, to the sum of $2,035,013 56. The annual receipts into the Treasury, and the annual claims upon it may be arranged in two general classes. One of these may properly embrace the ordinary reve- nues net derived from the public works and from the tax on real and personal property, and the ordinary disburse- ments unconnected with the public works and the publie debt. The other may embrace the items of receipt and disbursement not included in the formor class. The receipts of the former class into the Treasury, for ee year ending on the Ist December, 1844, may be thus atate Loant . Axct mn Auction duties,. 68,145 41 ‘Tex on Bank divi 46 705 65 ‘Tax on Corporation 62,379 68 ‘Tavern licenses,. 40 160 94 Retailers’ licenses, 64,847 75 Pedlara’ licenses, 1,482 93 Brokers’ license: 6,460 12 Pamphlet laws, 338 34 ‘Tax on writs,. . 2921 88 Tax on certain offic + 1,833 54 Collateral inheritance tax, 21,631 96 Enrolment of charters, 1,100 00 ‘Tax on salaries,..... 226 70 Militia and exempt fines, 1,165 93 Eacheats,. . vesssesee 600 00 Fees of Auditgr General’a office,. 44 87 Miscellancous,.. 1.6.40 s0000 9,463 01 8 646 0S The disbursements of the same class, for the year end- ngon the Ist of Dec. 1844, may be stated thus es of Government, Militia expenses... Pensions and gratuities Common school: ——-— 200,000 00 Institution for the Blind. ......... Do Deaf and Dumb. Interest on loans, Penitentiary, Penitentiaries, , House of Refuge. Public grounds, buildings and water. . State Library Miscellaneous, $567,462 79 From a compurison of these two tables, it appears that the disbursements for the year ending Ist Dec. 1844, on all accounts except those connected with the hic works and State debts exceeded the receipts for thi period from all suma except the income of the works, and the tax on real and personal property, by $183,780 71, or in other words, the ordinary revenues were less by $188,780 71 than the ordinary expense: The en in‘o the Treasury for the year ending Ist Dec. 1844, of the class which may be denominated extra- ordinary, were as follows :— Profits from js and Railroads + 5 oe + «$629,688 82 Proceeds of tax on real and personal estate... 760,210 01 Making an ate Of. 2+ +e so « «2. $1,950,668 63 ‘The interest on the public debi, given in the late Treasurer’s Report, amounts for period. sees + 1,954,187 14 Showing a deficiency of. . sees . 673,318 31 Tho excess of liabilities over income, for the fiscal year 1844, may be summed u| Of the ordinary class. Of the axtreordinary c thus 7 81 Making'an aggregate deficit for 1844, of. . .. .$762,099 02 In fact, however, no interest was paid in 1844 The moueys whieh would have been otherwise applicable to such payment, together with a balance of $178,471 50, which was in the Treasury on the Ist of December, 1843, were required to a considerable extent for other such as payment to check roll and domestic itorg, the cancellation of Relief notes, the re; of the Hunting dou breach, &c., and in the result, the balance in the ‘Treasury on the ist Dec. 1844 was reduced to $663,851 88. ‘The calls oa the Treasury, for the year ending 1st Dec. 1845, may ba estimated thus: 1st. Ordinary permanent expenses not con- nected with the public works, the same as in 1844, $567 500 00 °21. Cancellation of Relief notes deferred from 81st Dec. 1844, by former Treasurer, 60,000 00 84, Cancellation of Relief notes for 1845, ac- $198,780 673, cording te act of Assembly, 200,000 00 4th: Payments to domestic creditors on scrip issued the Anditor General, amount appropriated Slat May, 1844, 102,189 46 Sth. Interest payable in 1845, according to report of late Treosurer, viz: On Fund- . e@) debt, $1,758,541 56 On Funded certificates for interest, 248,752 00 On 4th May iesued, 21,600 00 wena $2,028,773 66 $2,948,432 05 Of these it may be remembered that the first item sup poses n> increeae to be made to the crdinary eppropria- tions beyond those of the laat year. I have assumed that the progressive cancellation of the relief notes provided for in the second ond third items will not be interferred with. We can never hope for a sound system of curren- cy or finance, until these are all of them withdrawn from clroulstion. The ment of the Domestic Credjtors scrip, which forms the fourth item, I also return, becuse justice seems to require that we should not make excep- tions among creditors «qually meritorious ; and this item has moreover been appropriated for, and the moneys are actnally claimable at the Treasury. The remaining item, five, ia for interest on our funded debt, an1 corres- ponds with the estimete reported by the late Treasurer. ‘*| T have not included the balances of appropriations now in the Treasury and liable to be called for, because it may bo assumed that similar balances will be in the Treasury at the close of the fiscal-year, The income for the year ending Ist Dacember, 1845, 1 estimate as follows : lat, Receipts from ordinar; sources of income, exclud ing public works and taxes, viz : Amount received trom those sources in 1844, $878,646 08 To which I add a probable increase for 1845 of 10 per cent, 97,964 60 3d. Profits of canals and railways for 1845, es- timated at 640,000 00 3d. Proceeds of tax on reul and personal estate, 1,000,000 00 $2,056,510 68 No certain estimate can be made of the receipts from this tax. The amount derived from ic in 1644, was $7! 210 Ol. The aggregate of the asseasment of Lage bbe not known, ond it is, therefore, impossible to calculate what will be that of 1845. The act requiring an additional mill to be levied on the more important subjects of taxa- tion, may be relied on for a considerable increase ; but, assuming the amount of tax levied for 1845 to be 60 per cent greater than that for 1644, there eppears to me no reason to believe, from @ comparison ot the amounts levied with the amounts collected in past years, that the collections of 1846 will exceed those of 1844 more than 934 per cent. This would give use one million of dollars as the nett Uptime} of the i on real and personal estate. I do not feel myself justifi mi more liberal esti- mate of this item ior in mokin, irate aiewanes for arrear of taxes to be within the year. The sum of $751,210 11, recelved into the Treusury in 1844, and which forms the basia of the est mate of $1,000,- 000 for the present year, was, four fi'ths of it. the eeds the of the taxes of former years; and for 1845 must be ein in line very lal amount of the more rec: errearages. - i goons secrogate of receipts for 1846, thus estimated is Ce ring. onr estimated receipts and liabilities for the he endir ecember, 1845, they stand th stimated rec Estimated liabilities, And they show that the sum of. will be wanting to complete th Were the entire balance in th ber, 1844, to be applied in ro tucti ion of this iency, ee ye atill remain $998,060 49 of deficiency apie. vided for, It is obvious from this, that if even all the resources of the fiscal year could be made available for the payment ot the interest in February and August of the year 1945, they would still be insufficient, though aided ey the applica tion of $663,851 98, from the accumulated income mer yeurs. But it is plain thot of for of the aula Late resources of the year cannot be made 4 semi-annual interest becomes payable imonthe before the close of the Ascal year, when a Proportion of the receipts, l, probably, to more than one third of the whole, have not yet come in. The income of these four months, from lst Augnst to 1st December, in fact, belongs to the fund destined to pay the interest on the following February, and to anticipate itfor the August payment would be to misapply it. ‘The most careful estimates which I have been able to prepare, satisfy me that there willbe a deficiency cf means to meet the interest payment of August next, supposin, the February interest to be paid in full, of about $900, The ability of the treasury, utthe present time, with reference to the approaching February payment, may be judged of from the following facts :—' ‘rom Causes connected with the times at which the ar- rears of interest were funded, there it jifference in the amounts payable for interest on lst February and Aug respectively, the amount able in February bein, $971,295 90, that in August Coles $1,063,617 66. To meet the February intrest, now payable in a few days, the amount i: the treasury may be thus stated :— On the 26th January, 1945, the apparent balance in the tPERSUTY WOE. . .escecsereree eevee ees $901,702 32 Of the balance there was io Relief Notes, legally can- celled on 31st Dec., 1844, $50,000 00 In unavailable funds, 6,176 00 Advance on account ffor the use of the Government, 11,301 22 ay -——— 67,067 2 Making the jance, $834,135 1 ‘The recei into the Trea- sury, between 26th Janua- ry ond Ist of February,are estimated, 16,000 00 Showing as the available ba- lance in the Treasury for the interest day, $849,135 10 Which sums consist of par ft 5 419,684 91 Currency equalto R. Notes, 399,450 19 $849,135 10 It will be seen from this, that on the Ist of next month the balance in the Trainer willnot be adequate to the full payment of the interest falling due that day, but will be deficient in the sum of $122,260 90, to which must be added such additional sums as may be necessary to con- vert the relief (und into specie. The de‘icit on the Ist February, thus ascertained, fur nishes another means of testifying the correctness of the estimates presented above, of the condition of the Tren- sury on the Ist of August next. The receipts between} the lst of February ond the Ist August, have been esti mated as follows :— From sources other than direct taxes and Povo ta oo real ond personal prof ‘rom on Personal property, This estimate is lower than the arias of the year, but it is to be observed that these six months have ulways been a- mong the least ‘productive, and that the additional mill tax of the laat session will not be available before the Ist of August. From public works, net receipts, as eati- mated by the Cummissioners, $167,633 67 800,000 00 334,580 45 $802,220 12 122,260 20 $679,950 32 Making an aggregate of Deduct from thinsecierae the deficit on the Ist of February above mentioned, And the net receipts are Deduct from this the esti- mated expenditures for the period trom let Feb. to lst August, viz :— Expenses of Government, Education, Pensions, 1 Penitentiary, 4 Miscellaneous, 3. $170,000 00 100,000 00 11,000 00 00 000 00 288,000 00 $391,959 82 Balance, This balance, under existing laws, is ap- plied, in part, to the payment of the am’t jue domestis creditors, $102,159 66 And to cancellation of relief notes, 100,000 00 202,159 56 Estimated balance FL cath t» the pay- ment of the inte on lst of August, provided the Legislature shall special or extraordinary 9) priations, to be paid prior to the fist of August, $189,709 76 ave thus frankly presented to » You, gentlemen, what appears to me to be the facts in reference to the present itive condition of the Treasury. The conclu-. sions to which I have come differ in some degree from those which were sanctioned bv the estimable gentle- man whe recently filled the office of State Treasurer The difference arises principally from the fact that {have included among the charges upon the Treasury, the can csllation of relief notes ond the ent of domestic cre ditors, and that he hes estimat. profits of the public works, andthe revenue from the State taxes, &c . more highly than those whose opinions I have odopted, Should his views prove to be more correct than mine, the effect upon the finances will not be impertent before the first of August next, however hapvily they may influence the state of the Treasury after that «, I cheerfully submit to the wisdom of the determine what course should be pursued uni parasianer it = ¥ oarect in the apt aca have taken, it is apparent that we are not yet pre} to re sume the payment of our interest in full, and to continue the ptyeel serena after. This state of things, how ever, will continue bor The payment of our do- mestic creditors in full, and the cai yn of a ta amount of relief notes, for which I have estimated, are their value temperary disbursements, which will essen- tially relieve the Treasury, ond the operations of the in- crease tax law of the last legislature must yield, after a time. a large increase of revenue But for tho present the question may be regarded as a simple alternative. Whether all the meneys which wil! be in the treasury on the Ist of February next shall be converted into par funds and paid eut as far as they will go in discharge of the interest then due, or whether such a rate of interest shall be paid on the Ist of February a¢ con, with reasonable certainty, be egain paid on the Ist of August, looking to a gradual increase in the amount of our fature interest payments as our improving citcum- stances shall warrant, and holding the State fully bound to make payne of the arrears at the earliest time, Tt can oles expected, even in the most prospero condition of the Treasury, that our financit can be so regulated a: make no islature to r the cir ‘operatio! hat there shall be neither a defi- ciency nor an exces the Treasury on the days for the payment of our semiannual interest. Hence the nec sity wil at once be perceived of providing, as soon practicable, a contingent fund to meet any deficit th may occur on an in‘erest day. The mode in which such afund should be constituted will properly be the subject for future consideration, but it cannot fail to impress it self uyon the mind ef ‘he Legislature es an important part of a well regulated system of State fiuance. The whole subject refers itself properly to you, and whatever may be your decision, I shall held myself ren- dy cordially ts co-onerate with you in the great work of vindicating the integrity and renovating the pride of our Commortwealth. R. SHUNK, Executive CHamnen, January 29, 1845, Swinper Agrestep.—An Irishman, calling himseif Captain Mason, of the English Navy, ap- peared in this city a little more than two years since, and succeeded in getting into the company ef gentlemen of standing and character He showed letters and docu ments to prove that he was Captain of the steam ship Clyde, but now on half pay, and that he had a credit of £600 in London. By showing these documents, and by other artifices, he succeeded in raising eight or ten hun- dred dollars, of Groesbeck & Co., and also the endorse. ment of a very worthy citizen for $600, which was cash- ed by the same Bankers, with all of which he suddenly disappeared “ to parts unknown.” A or two since, he came down from Pittsburgh on the Valley Forge, under the name of Ormsby, in very different guise from that in which he ap) before; nis dress being shabby, his whiskers shaved off, and a formidable pair of green mounted. Notwith atonding thi creditors happened to catcha glance entering the theatre, and had him arrested forthwith on acepias He was taken before Mr. Singer, where he was identified by rare sons, and finally made no denial that he was the “ Capt Mason, R. N.” who so effectually raised the wind from Groesbeck & Co. and others. He was committed for trie) for obtaining money by false pretences. He nig he is now associated with the famous fidiler, ol }, and that he had come to this city to make ar- rye for the latter, at the Cincinnati Theatre. ie had the cool impudence, under the name of Ormsby, we ae os |e a letter of Seema a) Ped as 6 very gentleman whom he jefrauded of $600 by endorsement The ater, although he could re. collect no friend of the name of “ Ormsby,” recognized the hand- writ: and ae prise riting, was saved from imposition.—Cin- Evpace P. Couen, vs. Tar Mutuat Insurance Company or New Yorx.—Iin Baltimore County Court, Jan.10—The facts of the case were these :—The brig T. Street was insured in the Office of the defendant for one year for $10, She Lm Orleans in October T she 1849, for Kingston, and efter left the Balze she ‘was beset with he ery. dam She wi West by th wreckers, whose aid called in vy the Coptain, oa by them libeled for sal oul to the beequently Captain filed his | ogee in the Court of Admiralty, asking for a sale of the vevsel for the benefit of all con. cerned The vessel was sold on the 19th October, 1849, under the decree of the Court. It appeared by the testi- mony of the Nay agg lng he could not procure the neces. sary materials for the ring of the vessel; and this opinion was fortified by f a board of surveyors, who examined the vessel at Key West, and who that the vessel was totally unworthy of repair because of the extent of the damage which she hed sustained. It did net eppear from the record whether or not the surveyors acted Underoath. There was other testimony in the case, showing thatithe purchaser of th jael did refit her, and that she afterwards made se voyages. On the = cena the strength of a letter dated Ee ‘est, Ww appeared in the newspapers, the in tiff abandoned the vessel to the underwriter 5 sinmeee returned a verdict in favor of the Plaintiff for Tue Omirpawas.-—-These Indians formerly reckoned as the extent of their territory, all the country whose waters run into Loke Superior Their language has been called the Greek of the American (adians, Allthe northern tribes of Indians can under- ‘stand the common words of the Chippewa, with the ex- ception of the Sioux, Winne! and lowas. The languege of the former is destitute of gutteral sounds, those of the later tribes ia not. Galena Gasaite. " ton. [Correspondence of the Herald.) Boston, Jan. 29, 1845 Massachusetts Great Abolition Anti- Texas Conven- tion—Abbey Folsom— Organization —Garrison— Abolition Union— Speeches of Judge Williams and Stephen C. Phillips. This is the eppointed day for the assembling of the Convention at Faneuil Hall to take measures against the annexation of Texas. The day is dull and stormy; the streets beneath, and the sky above, of the same dirty hue, end the same wa- tery consistency. It would seem as though the soil of Massachusetts sweats with apprehension, and the clouds shed tears at the iniquity of the act, the consummation of which iseo fearfully threat- ened by the recent intelligence from Washington. So argue the friends of the Convention; but the friends of annexation contend that the clouds lower about ‘fold Faneuil,” and the streets are dragging with filth, because of the iniquitous busi- ness of ‘‘old Federalism,” ‘‘Harttord Convention. ism,” and “British subserviency,” for which the hall is appropriated, and the day setapart. Yet, so itis; upoa every question there will be opposing opinions, and rain and mud will ever be one man’s meat and another man’s poison. The Convention is called under the auspices of Hon. Stephea C. Philips of Salem, Hon. Le- verett Saltonstall of Salem, Hon. Daniel Webster of Marshfield, and other, signers to the public call promulgated in the papers for a week or two past. The hour of meeting was ten o’clock, and at hall past ten, some two hundred and fifiy delegates were collected on the floor of the Hall, and while they were waiting patiently for the waters to move, the celebrated Mrs. Abigail Folsom arose ia the south gallery, devoted to the use ct ladies, and commenced an harangue about the persecu- tions of her confrere in **come-out-igm,” Silas Lawson. This interlude, or rather prelude to the great overture of Texas, was suddenly interrupted by two police officers, who seized Abby around the shoulders and legs, and commenced her remo- val frem the gallery. Abby, with her usual phile- sophy, became as comatose as a sowbug, and re- osed her whole weight upon the minions of the law. While this operation was going op, “shame,” “shame,” was cried bysome, “ good,” “go it,” “put her out,” “throw her over,” by others, and Abby at length disappeared amid the dark crowd of spectators hovering around the door, like a pearl amid the black waves of the troubled ocean. Abby, by the way, is a great abolitionist, aud in the same gallery with her we noticed Mre Maria Chapman, somewhat known to fame in that line, and several others. On the floor we noticed many abolitionists cf the most fanatical clase among the delegates, such as Wm. L. Garrison, Francis Jackson, Rev. Samuel J. May, J. G. Whittier, Ebenezer Hussey, and others. Soon after the incident of ejecting Mrs. Folsom, the Hon, Stephen C. Phillips of Salem, called the Convention to order, and upon motion of Charles Francis Adams, a son of John Q. Adams, a com- mittee was appointed to report a list of candidates for officers of the Convention. The committee retired, and soon after brought in the following nominations, which were cordially adopted, and the Convention Gi accordingly. President, Hon. Joha M illiams; Vice-presidents, John Davis of Boston, Daniel A. White of Salem, Eli- sha Huntington of Lowell, David Wilder of Leo- minster. Ira M. Barton of Worceeter, George Grin- nell of Greenfield, Ashael Foote of Williamstown, William Jackson of Newton, Artemas Hale of Bridgwater, John Reed of Barnstable ; Secretaries, George T. Curtis of Boston, J. B. Congdon of New Bedtord, J. Milton Earle of Worcester, John G. Whittier ot Haverhill. are The venerable Judge Williams was then con- ducted to the chair, and upon his invitation, the Rev. Dr. Parkman took the stand and opened the anti-Texas argument in a fervent prayer against that measure. At this period there were about three hundred and fifty persons on the floor, as de- ates ° : Judge Williams then requested the other officers to come forward and take the seatsassigned them, and made a speech in return for the honor con- ferred upon him. He said he distrusted his ability, that the office was above his deserts and aspirings. and he had rather, from choice, sit at the feet of the wise and good gathered here and listen in humble silence to the language of truth and sober- ness. Butthe Convention had willed it otherwise, and he must humbly submit. He then alluded to the Convention as a deliberative assembly, called together without distinction of party, and com- osed of people opposed to the Annexation of exes. This single subject should occupy the at- tention of the Convention, and he considered it one of momentous importance to the present and future generations of this country. He said it was in sub stance a question, whether a large portion of the people of this country should be transferred and ceded to ‘a foreign State. Unlike most legislative acts, this, it accomplished, would be irrevocable— and the union thus consummated could only be dissolved by civil war. Under these circumstancer he thought it important that Massachusetts, one of the oldest States of the Union, should enquire what was to be done, whether rulers could not be in- duced to pause and reflect before consumma- ting a measure of such flagrant violation of the spirit and principle of the Constitution. He called upon the whig, the democrat and the abolitionist to come forward in this emergency. He called upon the Native Republicans partici , to come forward ond resist the act which would coi citizens of this country a whole nation of aliens. (Great applause.) Yes, said the old gentleman, let the people of Mexeachusetts peak ; let the people of other States, who de not tolerat pieverys speak ; let not the voices of our people be stifled ; let them be heard above the rour of the cannon which the friends of this meusure may discharge in their exultation. (Alluding to a salute of one hundre? guns fired on the Common the day previous by thc “young democracie” of Boston.) He cautioned the Con- mittee not to introduce destructive principles into their body to disturb harmonious action ; and, finaily, with sandor and zeal, but with calmness and ith singleness of hvart, but with full purpose of lon—to h the mission upon which they have been dele- accomp! ated, let their voice go forth. If it was not obeyed iy the government, it would be heard and by their fellow-citizens of other States. If that'y could not save us from the threatened calamity, it would save us from co-operation in the foul deed—from the distresae: of conscience—save us from cold and silent acquies cence in the perpetration of an enormous wrong, @ great national sia. (Tokens of applause were manifested at the conclusion of this speech ) ‘The Hon. Stephen C. Phillips, at the call of the Presi dent, came forward on behalf of the Committee of Ar- rangements, to develope their views as to the mea- sures to be pursued under the circumstances before the country. The gentieman made a speech of some two hours anda haltin duration,very declamatory in its char- acter,and strongly marked by that tauto! ees for which the speaker is disting stance of his remarks wes, that the with astonishment, in veeorig 4 eption, the progress, and almost t! of a design most Keppel Ha reference to pro] ned by which to accompl tad this object aimed destruetion at the objects for which vernment was established, were irreconcilable with the Sonatitution, and involved a design anti- blican, anti- human, and antichristian. (Applause) He then went on to give a brief description of the projest for the annex ation of Texas. He stated that the question as to possess- ing Texas was decided by this country st once and for- ever by the negotiations with Spain; thet the boundary ‘was settled at that time, and thet the best interests of the country, civil ond military, were considered by ali ned, as bei secured by that settlement- alledged that Jomes Munroe, John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson concurred at tha’ time, that the question was propetly settled, and that leoking to the future, it could never become important to this country to alter the arrangements A consideration not then thought of—and which no man, had it occurred to him, would then have dared to ur the settle- ment then made, was now brought forward @4 the reason why Texna should be a part of thie country. He then went into the hietory of the rupture between Texas and Mexico at considerable length, for the purpose ef show- ing that the existence of slavery in Texas was the cause of thet rupture, and of the consequent ettempts to annex Texan to this country. The a lusion to the abolition of slavery by Mexico in 1629, was received with unbounded applavise, and the warm encomiums of the spesker upon it power were cordially rerpomted to. He asserted that the attempt was madefby slaveholders at the South, to ir- duce the United States Government to acknowledge thy i dence of Texas, and at me time te admit her into the Union—but that attempt failed, and Congress could only be brought to recognise her independence snd int a Charge de Affaires to thi republic. ay a ba made to Mr. Van Buren’s for her admission to the Union, and sought to trace this ag one of the juent steps to the first attet to sep: - rate Texes from Mexico, and unite her te United States, on account of slavery. H4 applauded Mr. Van Buren bg for rejecting this preposition) soid thet if General Harrison had lived, no man would now have heord of annexation; that John Tyler got it up to give glory to his administration, to give if influence. He next viewed tha procecdin in mating the late treat and asserted that tl e rejection of that treat; the 8 nate closed the question for ever; that it wer 2 s for the President to assume that the question was opem at the commencement of the present session of C\ and that the attempt to annex, by resolutiun, as it had passed the House, was o high ha attempt to evade the constitutional power lodged with the Senate. He luded to the charge that this NEW YORK. FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY Bl, 1845. jolve the Union, and denied it snphaticsile sting that the purpose was to prevent others from dissolving it by en- larging it, and, in conclusion, proposed that this Conven- tion adopt measures to confer with the people of the other free States to oppose this measure. A motion was then adopted to appoint a committee of three to report an address to the people of the.United States; and Messrs. Cherles Allen, of Worcester, Judge of the Court of Commen Pleas, Stephen C. Phillips, of Salen, and Wm. B. Calhoun, of Springfield, were ap- peinted. W. L. Gannusen took part in the proceedings of the Convention, and we shall probably hear more from him. ‘The Convention adjourned to 3 o’clock P.M. tats tie? Our reporter does not embrace in his report the latest proceedings. Wee find in the Boston Adver- tiser of yesterday the following: — Mr. Garrison of Boston, then took the floor, and said that he roge to second the motion of Mr. Love- joy to recommit the address, but with this amend- ment, that they be directed to add to it the follow- ing clause, or one to the same effect :— “ That in view of the fact that two branches of the Go- vernment have already declared their wish and concur- rence inthe project of annexation, we deem it our duty distinctly to deciare what ought to he, and what we have faith to believe will te, the course of Massachussetts, should the infamous plan be consummated. Deeming the act utterly unconstitutional and void, we declare that the people of thia Commonwealth will never submit to it, ag the law of the land, but look upon the Union asdissolved, and proceed to torm ew pig ecard for herself, and such of the free States as will aid her in carrying out the great purpeses of our fathers in behalf of civil liberty.— And we call upon the several towns of the Commonwealth, whenever the proclamation of the President shall an- uounce that Texas is annexed to this Union, immediately to asser-ble and choose delegat econd session of this Convention which shall take ree for the forma tion of a New Union with such States as do not tolerate lomestic slavery—the Union of 1789 having then ceased toemst” i ‘The reading of this pro osal by Mr. Garrison was received by mingled hisses and cheers, and one or two solitary cries of ‘ treason.” He went on to advocate it in a strain which can be very easily imagined, but which we have not space to report. There .were for 4 time some hisses and some cheere, and he then went on toa silent, al- though doubtless an anxious audience. His con- clusion, an eloquent appeal to Massachusette, to be not only free herselt, but “foremost to make free,” was received with hearty sympathy and ap- plause. Albany. (Correspondence of the Herald.) Acpany, Jan. 27, 1845. Opinions on the Annexation Movement Mecting —Position of Silas Wright—The next Caucus— Attorney General—Other Appointments —The Su- preme Court. My Dear Sir:— The proceedings, as reported in the Herald, of “the large, but disorderly,” meeting of Friday evening, the 24th instant, as you may readily ima- gine, have given rise to ‘ multitudinous and multi- farious” sentiments in this city, as doubtless they will wherever they may be proclaimed. The an- nexation, or re-annexation of Texas, is a question of vital importance ‘to the people of the United States; but of greater importance to the inhabitants ot Texas. And no man of any judgment or wis- dom can, or does deny, that inthe general election through which the country has recently passed, the opinion of the people in faver of annexation was most distinctly and forcibly expressed. It is to be borne in mind, at the same time, that the opinion was one of a general character, having no reference to citcumstances or details. Equally true it is, that the high. and lasting importance of this question should command an unusual degree of calm and deliberate consideration from those men that have been chosen from among the people to decide for the people. Texas is not to become a portion of our country, because impulsive gen- tlemen choose to assemble themselves together, and shout at the top of their voices, all about the “lone star,” “enlarging the boundaries of free- dom,” ‘tcommercial advanteges,” and all thet sort of thing. This is not the way to accomplish great national measures, wherein all our population, the cool and dispassionate, as well as the fiery and impulsive, have equal interest and concern. ‘ay it not be regarded as a novel feature, to say the least, when a gentleman holding high and re- sponsible trusts under the goverment, assumes not only the right of every citizen to take part in thé deliberations of a “ primary” meeting of the people; but actually takes upon himself the unusua! responsibility of directing through him. self and his subordinates the current and course of the proceedings? Has this spectacle been at any time hitherto presented to “‘:he lion-hearted demo- cracy, the masses, the bone and sinew” of our people in town or country? It is presumed that none will question the right of any free and en lightened citizen to act just as he pleases, provided his acts do not infringe upon the rights of his fel- tows; no one disputes this proposition. But while this right is admitted. what shall be said of the de- licacy or propriety of the case supposed? Carry out the proposition in all its moodsand tenses,wha! becomes of the poverty-stricken citizens who are not in the receint of the honor, emoluments, and patronage of cfficial station, and who are conse- quently unable to raise up a party to support and countenance them, simply because they are unable topay. Like Korah’s host, they may be wholly swallowed up. Some people are so credulous that they readily believe in the doctrine, You Populi— Vox Dei—but if matters go on swimmingly in the way they haye latterly commenced, we may be calied on to give in our adhesion to another and more obnoxious assertion—‘the voice of money, of office, is the voice of the people.” If the fact, that a resolution complimentary to the good quali- ties of Silas Wright, proposed in Tammany Hall, and hissed on to or under the table, has been pro- ductive of any serious or disagreeable results; or if such fact has g:ven rise to any loes of appetite or nausea in the region of the mucus membrane, the most shrewd and astute observers have been alto- gether unable to discover bor! signs or symptoms in the outward man. Before the election, not only inthe ‘fold wigwarm, but in every other place where the democracy, thelion-hearted democracy, were accustomed to hold deliberation and council, no name among them all was received with so much enthusiasm, with such uproariousdemonstra- tions of political love and affection, as that ot Silas Wright! What public act of Mr. Wright since the election has been powerful enough to create such a change in the hearts and voices of ‘the lion- hearted,” or that pertion of ‘the lion-hearted de- mocracy” which took counsel ana deliberated ir Tammany Hall on Friday night? It passeth al! comprehension. But you may with safety depend upon the assurance that the end is not yet. The people, and by this is not meant any body of men va manufacture public opinion by getting up large meetings and parading their proceedings and names before the world in partizan paperse— the peeple of this country are, generally speaking, “an order-loving and a law-abiding people.” In the country a spirit of coolness prevails, tending to cause men to think twice before they act or speak once. And again, although we are ‘ a‘great peo- le,” and the inhabitants of a great country, it may be truly said that a characteristic feature and a general fentare is, We are not the creatures of im- ulse. When, therefore, the people try a man and find him not wanting—when through a public life of many years the people find a man uniformly dis- playing great coolnees, judgment, consistency and arity, it may be assumed that, in the “long they will link themselves to his fortunes and his destinies “ with hooks of steel.” And they would be worse than foolish in the adoption of any other course. It is to be hoped that the for: going will not be found unworthy of consideration. On Saturday evening next, the first of February, another caucus of the majority will take place, for the choice of State officers. The principal bone of contention from all that can be gathered, seems to be the office of Attorney General. Mr. Barker does not find a thousand dollars per annum a euffi- ciently valuable consideration for the wear and tear of-mental and physical energies consequent upon the station. He goes back to Buffalo and re- sumes an extensive and lucrative practice, leaving a vacancy for which there are, I know not how many aspirants. ‘ Prince John” will be, “in our course and circumstance of thought” the succes sor of Gen. Barker. His success ‘vill be attributa- ble to a variety of influences, which you can ap- preciate, Those gentlemen who say that Mr. Van Buren his not the apnety OF cares for the place do not kuow him. Mr. Bradish although a poiiti cal opponent of Mr. Vaa Baren, paid him a high complunenton account of his manner of arguing causesin the Court for the Correction of Errore, when he (Mr B ) had the good fortune to be Pre sident of the Senate. Albeit Mr. Van Buren hes become identified with the extreme droit of the “lion hearted democracy ” owning the cognomen of “barnburners,”’ which said division is in a small minority on joint ballot—the force of cireumstar Convention sought te dis | ces will draw a number from the ranks of the ex- treme gauche, and thus Mr, VB. will be chosen Attorney General ‘despite my Lord Cardinal.” Present appearances would seem to warrant the agsertion that Comptroller Flagg and Secretary of State Young, will be left im the quiet enjoyment of their respective and respeetable positions. It may happen, however, that from some violent, yet smothered eruption of the political volcano, the “Hunkerites” will feel called upon to put other and more congenial spirits in nomination against Flagg and Young. Should they dose, a fair field, and no favor, will be called for and granted. The Supreme Court is in session, aod many of of the ‘*first” lawyers in the State are daily at hand, watching the calendar. Among them are Geo. Wood, Samuel Steveng, J. A. Spencer, J. C. Spencer, Millard Fillmore, B. D. Noxon, Jose L, Whi, N. Mill, jr, C. De Witt, D. Cady, C. Kirkland, and others too numerous to mention. Ag every one comes into Court with massive files of papers tied up with red tape pro forma, we are bound to suppose that each man has plenty of causes to argue, and consequently each lawyer is rapidly accumulating a fortune by his profession. Axsany, Jan. 28, 1845. Matters and Things in general—Silas Wright in particular. The effect produced in this city by your great Texas demonstration at Tammany Hall had scarce- ly manifested itself before we received the news of the passage of the Texas resolutions inthe House of Representatives, at Washington. The impor. tance of these movements gave the old hunkers great cause for rejoicings, as it was by them regar- ded a decisive victory, while on the other hand it was a source of uneasiness to the barn-burners, as it clearly indicated their complete everthrow.— You may rely upon it that the open expression made at Tammany Hall against Silas Wright is but the beginning of an opposition to this individual which is destined shortly to break out in every part of the State, and will be followed up without re- serve in the South and South Western parts of the country. ‘The Young and Flagg interest here is the cause of all the mischief to Silas Wright, and has array- ed against him a feeling of opposition which must be witnessed to be understood or appreciated.— The greatest boldness in Ha a is now used by the leading men in this.city from the various sec- tions of the State against the Executive and his cabinet officers, and nightly meetings of a private nature are held, at which the question of time for an open demonstration is debated. Nearly all the teading members of the last Legislature are now in this city, and it is to their hands that this busi- ness is confided by the common consent of the fac- m they represent. Letters preparing the public mind for this denouement, are sent inte every sec- tion of the States and already answers begin to come in, which show that the leaders are prepared for action whenever it may be thought necesary or advisable to take open ground. That any feeling of opposition exists to the Governor I know is de- nied iy the Atlas clique, but it is only necessary for you to observe the course of the Argus and other leading papersin the State, to be convinced of how little reliance isto be placed upon the declara- tions of these persons. it is very probable that the cause for this early demons'ration isto be attributed to the action of Flagg and company, in their uncalled for war upon the Jate Governor, who was unwilling that this interest should be the controlling feature of his administration. But this injury might have been suffered to pass if Mr. Wright had observed an independent ground, and not allied himself to either of the factions. Certainly ordinary common sense would have dictated this course, but the idea of the State of New York being represented in the Senate of the United States by two annexation senators, 80 operated upon the feelings of his ex. cellency as to incuce him to declare openly against Dickinson and Foster. ‘The Texas question came up to-dayin both branch- esof the Legislature. Inthe Senate, Mr. Hard, a whig,called up the resolutions of Mr. Putnam,snoth- er whig, who was absent at the time, declaring against the measure, but by a very decided vote of that body the motion did not succeed. In theHonse a very exciting and yehement debate took place in which Mr. Lee, of Weschester, took part againsi the annexation of Texes. He denounced the act in the most uameasured terms; assured the House that its consummation would be the knell of liber- ty, and that a dissolution of the Union would of necessity follow. This gentleman was so excited upon the subject that he could not confine himself at all to the question before the House, but would fly off in search of hidden matter upon which to venthis declamation and spleen ‘he speech of this distinguished and very able jurists, the leader of the democratic party in and eut of the House, afforded much mirth to the whiga, who seemingly enjoyed their new auxiliary, though they should no: take him for theirleader in the matter. The turther discussion of the subject was adjourned over till to- morrow, when we shall in all probability have Mr Young, whig, from Livingston, upon the floor Mr. Young is a gentleman of superior talents, and great amiability of manner, and is by far the strongest man in the house on either side. Rufus W. Peckham of this city will likely be our next attorney general; as for your friend John Van Bu ren, he seems to be entirely out of the question for that office. It is rumored to-day that Mr. Ed monds,.of your city, is appointed to the Circuii Court in place of Judge Kent, but his competitor: here deny that the Governor has given any intima- tion whatever upon the subject. It is, however, more than one that he will be the suecessfu! man atter all. Veritas. Sporting. Tue Foor Racs over riz Metarrie Course. New Orveans.—We hear that quite a number o men have gone into training for the great foot race to come off on the Metairie Course about the 23: of March next. Of the several applications to the Secretary of the Club to enter for the purse, one i of a nature to interest all. A gentleman of hig! character and ia a very honorable position in soci ety, and who is much addicted to athletic amuse ments, has written to the Secretary to know if hc may be allowed to run in a mask, as it might noi be thought quite comme i faut for one in his cir cumstances to be running in public for public mo ney. The Secretary desires us to say to the gen tleman that he is at liberty to run for the money upon the condition proposed. It is obvious tha: the mask can in no manner aid the runner— quite the reverse—while the disguise will rather increas: than detract from the interest of the race, from thc air of mystery which it will throw over it. No: should we be surprised were other gentlemen, whe may be reluctant to appear before a throng on : Tace course in a contest of physical strength, t enter for the purse on the same conditions. WwW: learn further, that the gentleman with whom thi roposition originates is a distinguished pedestriar fevng Tan in private many races with succes: He is confident of his ability to go the distance spe cified, in the time required to carry ff the large: purse offered ; and what is yet a more graceful fee ture in his proposition, he pledges himself to pa) over any money he may win to the managers of the Orphan Asylum, for the benefit of that institution. Senma Races.—The winning horses were :— Monday 6th, Sweepstakes, mile heats, John Bie ven’s c. f. Haywood, walked over the course, th others paying the forfeit. 7th, mile heats, Co: Benj. Johnson’s br. f. Purity. 8th, two mile heats Jno. Clark’s ch. m. Taglioni. 9th, three mile heats, Col. J. Crowell’s b. f. by Imp. Riddlesworth 10th, best three in five, John Clark’s Taglioni Buve Dick.—An examination has been held b some of the medical students of New Orleans or the entrails of Blue Dick. Verdict, died ot poi son.—Mobile Herald. _ : : The above statement is entirely incorrect. Pro fessor Riddell, of the Medical College, at the re quest ot a number of distinguished turfmen, sub mitted the stomach to a thorough chemical analy sis and no trace of poison was discovered.—New Orleans Bee. E Tux Weatuer 1n Canapa.— Yesterday the col was very severe, the thermometer, at aunrise, bein. as low as 12° below zero. ‘The temperature to-da is considerably milder, with the wind still from th westward. The ice opposite the Chaudiere, w learn, has remsined stationary since Saturday nig! last.— Quebec Mercury, Jan. 20 Tne Accrpent at Avpurn.—The convict + Stratton, an account of whose dreadful accident | sent you on Wednesday, died this morning troy the effectof his wounds. He was terribly manglec and it is surprising to me that he lived so long aft« the fatal occurrence. He was an unmarried mar and was serving out his sentence for having bee engaged in making bogusmoney. His term wou have expired in about sixteea months.—Aubw Letter to Liv., Jan 5. (cg We understand that the church erected {c the use of the Rev. Dr. Potts’ congregation is e> pected to be ready for use by the first of May nea: New Yokx Leaistature, Jan. 23—In THE As- sEMBLY.—Pxtitions.—Ot the ladies of Seratoga county, to prevent licentiousness. Several peti- tions Ree the Incorporation of the American Fo- reign Bible Society. Remonstrance of the citi- zens of Albany and New York against the same. Mr. Oaxxey, ot the members of the Farmers’ Club of New York, for an Agricultural College, to be located in New York. Of several citizens in New York to abolish Militia trainings. i _MrT R. Lex, adverse to the petition to abo- pee oncoisslonars of pe ra 1. Morrison, by bill to protect people keeping boarding houses in the city a1 New York. di Mr. Van VaLkennunan, to allow the New York and Erie railroad to extend their track into Pennsylvania. Luid over. Mr. Barvey called up his resolution im relation to the security of stockholders in Banks, Insurances, &e , directing the judiciary to report a bill in rela- tion to the subject. After some debate the resolu- tion passed. In Senatz.—There wis a long talk about their Texas resolutions, which the Senate refused to take up. Mr. Comstock, from the gelect committee, to which were referred the several propositions to amend the constitution, repogged in part,” recom- mending the adoption of 1 imendments passed upon last year, and referred to this Legislature for action. These were :— 1. The cddition of two justices of the Supreme Court. 2. The creation of three associate chancellors. 8, Abolishing the property qualification for office. 4. In reference to the removal of judicial offieers. The majority of the committee also reported in favor of the amendments :— 1. Relative to State debt and liability. 2. The restrictions upon the future contraction of debt. Mr. Comstock stated that the committee deemed. these amendments of too much importance to be delayed in order to accompany them with a writ- ten report, and had, therefore, directed him to re- port them this morning. In order to secure early action on them, he moved to refer the amend- ments to the committee of the whole, to make ‘hem the special order for Friday next, at 12 o'clock. . Mr. Worpen then called up the Texas resolu- nee which led to a desultory debate. At the close, - Mr. Worven moved instructions to the com- mittee, to report to-morrow morning in favor of the resolutions. Mr. CaxPenter moved an adjourament—it being past two o’clock. Lost, ayes 87, noes 73. Mr. 'T. R. Leg now took the floor in a vehement speech in favor of the instructions. . Mr. Batty moved to postpone the resolutions till the first day of May. Mr. T. R. Lee moved an adjournment. Scuvytxit Coat Rearon.— The increase of trade in the Schuy/kill coal region, has been steadi- ly and rapidly Pioatessire, and facilities for extend- ed operations have been multiplied and improved every year. We apprehend that few persons, out of the region, are acquainted with the necessity which exists in many instances, for mining below the water level, and the consequently enormous outlay for steam engines and machinery, and the heavy expenses constantly occurring for raising the coal and draining the mines. There are already 22 coileries below the water level _The following table shows the number of steam engines ernployed for these purposes at the differ- ent colleries, with their rated power: No. Horse Colleries. Engines. Power. Haywood,Milnes & Co......... 190 Delaware Canal Co... 3 160 A.B. White... .. 3 130 Wm. Milnes & Co. . .. 1 50 JC. Oliver. 2 90 George H. Potts 2 9 c. Ellet... 2 80 Miller ‘& Heggerty.. 2 70 Hubley Tract. ..... 2 idle, 80 Taylor & Clayton 1 50 A. Ronaldson. 1 30 Jobn Rich i 30 G Spence: 1 20 J. Wasley.. 1 29 J. G. Lawton. 1 10 28 1100 Engines engaged in breaking coal, 13 178 Total....... sone 1278 The cost of these engines, pumps, and the neces- sary machinery, will not fali much short of $250,- 000, and the consumption of coal in these engimes will amount to 40,000 tonsper annum. The whole consumption of coal in this region, during the last year, is estimated at 100,000 tons. A horse power 1s calculated as equivalent to the strength of eight able-bodied men—a man prdinarily labors but 10 hours in the 24; but the engines can, and some of them do, run day and night; consequently they can perform, for each horse power, am amount of work equal to the labor of 16 men, and an aggregate of work equal to the labor of 20,448 men every 24 hours. Competition in the coal trade has been keen and eager; the spirit of enterprise has been ac- tive, and improvements: have been multiplied with Great rapidity ; but it must be remarked, that most of the steam engines employed in the coal business of the region are used for pumping ana draining the mines and hoisting coal, purposes to which human labor cannot be successfully applied ; and it is only in breaking and screening, that the inanimate arm ig substituted forthe arm of flesh, and machinery, with its soul of steam and frame of iron, is doing the work of living men ; and even here it inter- feres but lightly with human labor, the demand for which is augmented with the introduction of every facility for extending the trade. Seventeen of the engines included in the above estimate, were erected during the year 1844, and am aggregate power, rated at 338 horses, added to the bnsiness; but notwithstanding the rapid aug- inen(ation of steam power in the trade during that year, no less than fitteen engines intended for the region, are now in progress of construction ; six are being built at Minersville, and nine in this borongh ; and from present indications, it is be- lieved that many more will be erected during the present year. * . All the engines employec in the business ofthe gion, excepting four, were built at establishments within the region, and three of these four have been thoroughly rebuilt and imped by our own machinists. During the year 1844, three engines, working un aggregate of 142 horse power, were con- structed in the region for other places; making a total of 2 engines Cuiltby the machinists of this re- gion, during that year. Superadded to the large number of steam engines employed about the mines in the coal region, there are 15 engines, rated at an iggregate of 186 horse power, all of them built by Schuylkill county mechanics, employed 1n other business in the county—making a total of 56 steam engines, with an aggregate of 1,464 horse power employed in the county. 2 ‘The rich Anthracite coal fields of the Schuylkill county regien possesses advantages equal to any other coal fields in the world, and all the varieties of red, grey and white ash coals found here, are, in quality Inevery respect, of the most superior kind. ‘The constantly multiplying facilities for extending and augmenting trade, the improve- ments in preparing coal by the extensive intro- duction and use ot machinery, our proximity to the Atlantic cities, and the improved and impro- ving characters of our avenues to market, the ca- pacity of our coal fields, and the active and enter- prising characters of the operatore, render it almost certain that the Schuylkill region will distance competition and eclipse all competitors in the mag- nitude of its operations.— Pottsville Jowr., Jan, 25. Supreme Courr or tHe Unitsp States, Tues- day, Jan. 28, 1845.—Heary W. Rogers, Esq ,of New York, was admitted an attorney and counsellor of this Court. ° No. 70. The United State vs. A. Hodge et al. In error to the Circuit Court of the United States for Louisiana. Mr. Chief Justice Taney delivered the opinion of this Court, dismissing this case, be- cause the citation is not signed as directed by the act of Congress of 1789, ch ‘ No. 42. Philip Hickey et al., plaintiffs in error, vs. J. A. Stewart et al. The argument of this cause was concluded by Mr. Walker tor the plain- tifls in error. OG Col. James Riley, appointed by President Houston, as Charge d’Afluires to our Government, and whose arrival in Washington has Leh ee expected, has left Cincinnati for Texas, and will not probably return to this country for some time. Maenetic TeLecrarH.—We understand that ap- plication is about to be made to the Legielature of New Jersey, for the e of a law authorizing the communication of a Magnetic Telegraph across the State, between the cities of Philadelphia and New York, capital $50,000 OG The Columbia, (8. C.) Chronicle, referring to the duel between Messrs. Clingman and Yancey, says—‘ Yancey is the same pereon who shot down his uncle in the sireets of Greenville, in this State, afew years ago. He afterwards em:grated to Ala~ bama, and is now a member of Congiess