The New York Herald Newspaper, December 7, 1844, Page 2

when it might, would endanger the general how much Mexico might be the loser frit Ja the mean time,the condition of Texas would be ren ed uncertain, her settlement and prosperity in conse- quence retarded, and her commerce crippled, the ree peace would bs rendered mu could not but greatly affect us. If ‘Texas should be permitted to take place peaceably now, (as would, wituvut the interference of other powers,) tae energies of our people would, for along time to come, be directed to the peatsable pursuits of redeeming, aod bringing within the pale of culuivauon, improvements aad civilization, Unat large portion of the continent lying betweea Mexico ou one aide, aud the British ry ou the other, waich 1s now, with little exception, a wile deraess with a sparse population, consisting, for the most part, of wanderiog advan tribes. " “i It is our destuny to evcup, that vast region; to intersect it with roads and canals; to fill it with cities, towns, vil- Jages, and farms; to extend over it our religion, customs constitution aud laws; and to present it asa pexceiul and splendid addition to the domains of commesce and civi- lization. It is our policy to increase, by growing and spreading out into unoccupied regions, assimilating a!) we incorporate; ord, to increase by accretion, and not, through conquest, by the eddition of masses held to- gether by the couesion of force. Nosystem can be more unsuited to the latter process, or beiter adapted io the former, than our admirable tederal system. It it should not be resisted in its course, it will probably fulfii tiny without disturbing our neighbors, or putting in jeo- pardy the general peace; but if it be opposed by foreign interlereace, a new direction would be given to our ener- much less favorable to harmony with our neighbors, to the general peace ot the world, The change would be uodesiruble to us, and much less ordance with what | Rave assumed tor be primary ohjeos of policy oo the part of France, Engiund, aud Mexica. Bit, to descend to partioulary: it is certain that while Engisnd, (ide Peano + independeoes of Texas, wi view (0 ¢ 1 conuesions Ot leas +0, nat one of the leadiag motives ‘or England d-siring it, isthe bope that, through her diplomacy aud inflience, negro slavery muy be sbolished there acd ultimately, by co sequence, ia Uwe United Stacs, and theongbout the whoiw of this Coudinent. That ite ultimate aboli ion theougbout the en ire contivent is au object urdently de- sired by bt, we have decisive proof iu thy ductarati +n of the Ear) of Aberdeen di red to thiy depirtmynt, und of which you will find a copy among the dycu- muenté transmitted to Congress with the Texvan treaty.— ‘That she desires its abolition in Texas, ond has used her influence and diplomacy ‘o effect it there, the same document, with the correspondence of this department with Mr. Pakenham, also to be found among the docu- meats, fuenteh-s proof not less conclusive. the objects of ubolishing it there, is to facilitat tion in the United States, and throughout the continent, is manitest from the dectaration of the abolition party and secieues, both in this country and in England. I fact, there is good reason to believe that the scheme cf abol- shiog the view to its abolition in the the continent, originated with the of the party ia the United States ; aod was frst broached by them in the (80 called) World’s Cynveation, held ia London ia the y ear 1840, and throug! its agency brought to the notice of the British govern- ment Now, I hold, not only that France can have no interest jn tne consummation of this grand scheme which England hopes to accomplish through Texas, it she cau ovfeat the annexation ; but that her in- terest, and those of all the continental powers of Europe, are directly and deeply opposed to it. It is too late in the day to contend that humanity or philaathropy i the great object of the policy ot England in attemptung to abolish African slavery on this continent. {do not question but humanity may have been one of her leading motives fur the abolition of the Afriean slave trace, and that it may have had a considerable influence in abolishing siavery in her West Ind ossessions — arled, indeed, by the fallacious calculation that the labor of the negroes would be at least as profitable, it not mere 80, in consequence of the measure. She acted on the prin- ciple that tropical products can be produced cheaper by free African labor and East India labor, than by slave labor. She knew full well the value of such products to her commerce, navigation, navy, manufactures, reve- nue, and tee i She was not eons, that the support of her re litical preponderance depended on her tropical possessions, and hud no in:ention of diminishing their productiveness, nor any anticipation that such would be the effect, when the scheme o! colonial possessions was adopted. alcutated to combine ey with pow- as is not unusual with fanaticism. Experience has cat her of the fallacy of her calculations. She nas failed in all her objects. “The labor of her negroea has proved far less productive, without affording the consola- tion of having improved their condition. The experiment has turned out to be a costly one. She expended nearly one hundred millions of dollars in in demaifying the owners of the emaucipated slaves, It is estimated thatfthe increased price paid since, by the people of Geeat Britain, for sugar and other tropical productions, in consequence of the measures, is equal to haif that sum ; and that twice that amount has been expended in the sup- pression ot the slave trade; making together, two hundred and fitty miliions of dollars as the cost of the experiment. Instead of realizing her hi the result has been a sad pointment. Her tropi products have fallen off to avast amount. Instead of supplying her owa wants and those of nearly all Europe with them, as formerly, she has now, in some of the most important articles, scarcely enough t apply her owa. What is worse, her own colo. nies are actually consuming sugar producad by slave la- bor, brought direct to Engiand, or refiaed in bond, and exported and sold in her colonies as cheap or cheaper than taey ca1 be produced there: while the slave trade, in- stead of diminishing, has been in fact carried on to a great- er extent than ever. So disastrous has been the result, that her fixed capital vested in tropical ions, esti- mated at the value of nearly five hundred millions of dol- Jars, ia said to stand on the brink of ruin. But this is net the worst. While this costly scheme has had such ruinous eff cts on the tropical productions of Great Britain, it bes given, a powertul stimulus, followed by @ corresponding ivcrease of products, to those coun tries which have nad the good sense to shun her example. There has been vested, it is estimated by them, io the produciion ef tropical products, tiace 1908, in fixed capital, nearly $4 000 000,000, wholly dependenton siave Jabor. In th the value of their products risen from about $72,000,000 anouatty, to nearly $220 000,000 ; while the whole of the fixed .cepital of Great Britain, vested in cul ivating tro- pical pruducts, both in the Eas: und West Indies, is estimated at only about $930,000,000, end the volue of the products annuaii ut $50,009 000. To present u still more striking viw of thre articles of tropical products, (sugar, coflee, and cotton,) the British possessions, including the West aid East Ju- dies and Mauriti roduced, in 1842, of sugar only 3,993 771 pounds; while Cuba, Brazil, and the United tes, excluding other countries having tropical posses- produced 9 600,000 pounds ; of coffe, the Beitish essions produced only 27,393,003, while Cuba aud Brazil produced 201,590,125 pounds ; and of cotton, the B iti-h possessions, inciuding shipments to China, only 137,443 446 pounds, while the United States alone produced 70 479,275 pounds. ‘The above facts and estimates have all been drawn from a Be.tiah periodical of high standing and authority, aud are believed to be entitled te credit. This vast increase ot the capital and production on the part of those nations who have conunued their former policy towards the negro race, compared with that Great Britain, indicates a corresponding relative inerea of the means of commerce, navigation, manufactures, Wealth, and power. It is no longer a question of dcnbt, hat the greac source of the wealth, prosperity, and pow- ar of the more civilized natior pecially Europe, where the arts have made the greatest advance,) \depet in a great degree, on the exchange of their products with those of the tropical regions So great has been the advance made in the arts, both chem- ical and mechanical, within the tew last generations, that all the old civilized’ nations can, with but a small part of their labor and capital, supply their respective wants : which tends to limit within narrow bounds the amount of the commerce between them, and forces them all to seek for markets in the tropical ns, and the more newiy settled portions of the globe. Those who can best succeed in commanding those markets, bave the best prospect of outststripping the others in the career of com- merce, navigation, manufactures, wealth, and power. ‘This is seen and felt by British statesmen, and has open ed their eyes to the errors which they have committed.— ‘The question now with them is, how shall it be counter. acted ? What has been done cannot be undone. The question is, by what means can Great Britain regain and keep a anperiority in tropic A cultivation, commerce and inflaence? Or, shall that be abandoned, and other na- tions be suffered to acquire the supremacy, even to the extent of supplying British markets, to the destruction of the capital a Sven vested in their production? These are the questions which now profoundly occupy the at: tention of her statesmen, and have the greatest influence over ber councils. In ordor to regain her superiority, she not only secks to revive and increase her own capacity to produce tro- pical productions, but to diminish and destroy the capa- city of those who have so tar outstripped her in cons qnence of her error. In pursuit of tne former, she cast her eyes to her East India possessions—to central and eastern Airica—with the w of establishing colt there, and even to restore, suostantially, the 81 itself, under the specious name of transporti laborers from Africa to her West ladia order, if possible, to compete successfully with those who have refused to follow her suicidal policy. But theee all afford but uocertain and distaut hopes of recovering her lost superiority. Her main reli i other alternative—-to cripple or iy the productions of he jecesstul rivals. There is but ‘one way by which it can be done, and that is by abolish- ing African 6 hout this continent; and that e constant object of her policy It matters not how, or from what motive, it may be done—whether it be by diplomacy, influence, b; ret or open means; and whether the mo- ¢ or selfish, without regard to manner, ive. The thing itseit, should it be accom: down all rivalry, end give her the means, or plished, would put undisputed supremacy in supplying her own wants and those of the rest of the world; thoreby more than fully retrieve what sbe has lost by her errors. It would give her the monopoly of tropical productions, which I spall next to show. What would be the consequence if this objvct of her unceasing solicitude and exertions should be effected by the abolition of ies slavery throughout this continent, some idea may be formed from the immense diminution of productions, as has been shown, which hes followed abolition in her West Indie possessions. But, as great us that has been, it is nothing compared to what would be the effect if she should succeed in abolishing slavery in the United States, Cuba, Brazil, and throughout this con- tinent. | ‘I'he experiment in her own colonies was made under the most faverable circumstances. It was brought ubout gradually and peaceably, by the herd and fiem operation of the parent country, armed with compiete powerto prevent or crush at once all insurrectionary movements on the part of the n , and able and dis- ed to tain to the full the political and social as cendency of the former masters over their former slaves. Tt ts not at wonderful that tha change of the relations of master ‘ook place under euch circumstances, wi kent violence and bloodshed, and that order and peace snould have been since preserved. Very different would — Fesn't of ubolition, should it be effected by her in- vai and exertions in the ions of other countries = i# Continent—and especially in the United stat Cubs, and Brazil, the grost cultivators of the prinol; tropical products of America, ‘To form a correct concep: tion of what would be the rerult with them, we must ok, not to Jamaica, but to St, Domingo, for example. by unforgiving hate be- een them f ees A erie em fr ’ We to be subjugated,extirpatid, or expeiled. and desolation would overspreai their territories, as in St. omine, from which it would teke centuries to re- cover. The end would be, that the ¢ uy, ry in culu- vating the great steples wi be transferred trom ‘hem to the Briish trep.cul possessions. They are of vasi extent, aud tuose beyond the Cape of Good Hope of an unlimited amount ot 1: bor. ly, by the aid of B:itish capital, to supply the d: ficit which would be vccasiened by destroying the pes pote productivns of the United States Cuba, Brazil and other countries cultivated by slave labor un this coa tinent, so soon ws the increased price, in uence, would yield a profit. it ia the succ-sstul competition of that ubor which keeps the prices of the great tropical sta- ples so low, a8 to prevent their cult.vaiion with profit in the possessions of Great Britain, by what she is pleased tocall fre: labor. if she can destroy its competition, she would have a monopoly in those productions, She has all the means of furnishing an unlimited supply ; vast and fertiie possessions in boin Indies, boundless command of capital and labor, and power to suppress visturb. ances, and preserve order ghout her wide domains. Iti# unquestionable, thi 6 regards the abolition of slavery in Texas as a towards this great object of policy, so and exertions ; and the d to our Union us ing there, She it would give to slavery in the United Stutes, and how certainly its abolition with us would lish iit over the whole continent, and thereby hi @ monopoly in the preductions of the tropicul staples, aud the command of the com: | merce, wavigation, and manuiactures of the world, with a0 estabiisned naval asceudency and political pre- ponderance. Te (dvs continent the biow would be cala- mitous beyond description. It would des roy, in a great measure, tue cultivation and production of the great tro- ing wouualiy ia value to nearly juo# which stinulates and upholds ai- every other branch of ite industry, commerce, gation, und manufactures. The whole, by their joint fluence, are rapidly spreading population, wealth, im- yrovement, and civilization over the whole continent, and vivifying, by their overflow, the mdusiry ot Europe ; thereby increasing its populations, weelth, and advauce- ment in the arts, ia power, and in civilization. Such must be the result, should Great Britain succeed in accomplishing the constant object ol her desire acd ex- ertions—the abvlition of negro siavery over this conti- nent ; and towards the effecting of which she regards the deteat of the annexation of Texas to our Uuion to impor. tant. Can it be posible that govenments 60 enlightened and segucious as those of France and the other great continen- tul powers, can be so blinded by the pleu of philanthro Py a# not to see what must inevitably ti llow, be her mo- ave what it may, should she succeed in her objects? Jt is Jittte short ef mockery to taik of philanthropy, with ¢ examples before us of the effscts of abolishing negro slavery in her own colonies, m St. Domingo, und the northern States of our Wnion, where statistical facts, pot to be shaken, prove that the freed negro, afier the expe- rience ot sixty years, ism ater wor e condition then in the other States, where he has been leit ia hia former condition. No: the effact of what is called abolition, wherethe number is few, is not to raise the ivferiur race te the condition of freemen, but to dvprive the negro of the guardian careof bis owner, subject to all the depres: sion end oppression belonging to his inferior condi.ion. But, on the vther hand, where the number is grest, and bears a large proportion to the whole population, it would be worse. It would be to substitute for the existing relation @ deodiy strife between the two races, to end in the subjection, expulsion, or extripation of one or the other: snd such would be the cas over|the|greaterpart of thiscontinent where slavery exi It would not end there ; but would io all probability ex- tend, by its example, the war of races over all South America, including Mexico, and extending to the Indian ‘as well aa to the African race, and make the whole one acene of blood and devastation. Diemiesing; then, the stale end unfyunded plea of phi- lanthropy, can it be that France and the other great con- tinental _powers—seeing what must be the result of the icy, for the accomplishment of which England is con- ntly Cee Sepia and that the defeat o/ the annex- ion of Texas is so important towards its consummation —are prepared to back or eountenance her in her efforts to effect eith.r? What sible motives can they have to favor her cherished policy? Is it not better for them that they should be Spies with tropical pro- ducts in exchange for their laber, from the United Brazil, Cuba, and this continent generally, than ndant on one great monopolizing power, supply? is it not better that they should receive them at the low prices which competition, ches; er means of production, and nearness of market, would, furnish them by the former, than to give the high prices which monopoly, dear labor, and great distance {rom mar- ket would impo:e? Is it not better that their labor should be exchanged with a new continent, rapidly increasing in population and the capacity for consuming, and which would furnish, in the courae of afew generations, a mar. ket nearer to them, and of almost unlimited extent; for the products of their industry and arts, than with old and distant regions, whose population has long since reached its growth? 'ne above contains those enlarged views of policy which it seems to me, an enlightened European statea- man ought to take, in making up his opinion on the subject of the annexation of Texes, and ths grounds, as it may be inferred, on which England vainly op: poses it. They certainly involve considerations of the deepest importance, and demanding the greatest attention. Viewed in connexion with them, the ques- tion of annexation becomes one of the first mag- nitude, not only to Texas and the United States- but to this contineut and Hurope. ‘They are presen'ed that you may use them on all suitable occasions, where you think they may be with effect ; in your correspond. ence, where it can be done with propriety or otherwise. The President relies with confidence on your sagacity, prudence, and zeal. Your mission is one of the first mag- nitude at all ‘imes, but especially now ; and he feels us- sured nothing will be lef: undonoon your part to do jus- tice to the country and the government in reference to this great measure. I have said nothing as to our right of treating with Texas, without consulting Mexico. You so fully under- stand the grounds on which we reat our right, and are so familiar with all the facts necessary te maintain them, that it was not thought necessary to add anything in re- ree to it. fall pidbant ‘: om, sir, very respectful ‘our obedient servont, Efieel vent J.C. CALHOUN. fe Wrusant R. Kino, Eeq., £2 Ma. Suannon to Ma. Catnoun. (Extract } Mexico, Oct. 25, 1844. Sin,—Your despatch of the 10th September last reached me on the 12th instant; and, in compliance with your in- structions, | lost no time in addressing to the Minister of Foregn Relations of this government a communication expressive of the views of the President of the United States in rel.tion to a renewal of the war onthe part of Mexico against Texas, and tothe manner in which it is preposed to be conducted. Accompanying this despatch, you will find a copy of this communication, mar: ed No \. [have received no reply, as yet, to this note, and can- not say when one may be expected. Pr. sident Santa Anna ts at bis hacienda, near Jalapa; aud until he can be heard feom, no reply will be given. ‘The uncertainty of the ‘ime when @ reply will be received, has determined me to deiay this despatch no longer. * * * * Mr. SHannon ro Mr. Reson. Lecation oF THE Trp STares, Mexico, October 14, 1844. The undersigned, envoy extraordinary and minister [ened guapins 2 of the United States of America, has the onor to inform his excellency M.C. Rejon, minister of foreign relations and government of republic of Mexico, that the President of the United States has learned with deep regret thatthe Mexican government has an- nounced its the republic of Tex dis now engaged in ext pa@rations with a view to an early invasion of its te 5 and instructs the undersigned to protest, in the most solemn form, both egainst che invasion at tbis time, and the manner in which it is proposed to be conducted. The orders of the commander of the army of the north, (General Woll,) issued on the 20th of June last, and the aecree of the provisional President of the Mexico, of the i7thof June, 1843, leave no doubt as to the manner in which the war isto beconducted The decree makes the general in-chief of division of the army, and the com mandan’-general of the const and frontier, responsible for its exact fa filment. It was under this responsibility, it would seem, that General Woll; to whom the Texan Benet: was jigned, issued his order of the 20th of june. After announcing thatthe war was renewed 9 ‘Texas ; that all communication with it must cease ; that every indiviinal of whatsoever condition, who have communication with it, shal! be regarded as a ti and, as such, punished according to the articles of war ; it states that every indivtdual who may be found ai the ince of one league from the left bank of the Rio Bravo will be ether ces a8 a favorerand an accemplice of the usurpers of that part of ational territory, apd va @ traitor to Mexico, and, after jummary military tria), shall be punished accordingly. It also states that evary individual who may be embraced in the foregoing, and who may be rash enough to fly atthe sight of any torce belonging to the supreme government, shall be pursued unl t or put to death, Tao what spirit the decree of the 17th June, which the order is intended tu fulfil, is to be executed, the fate of the arty under General Sent: it Tobasco, wffu lustration, Under it, without hearing or trial, against the express pro the constitution and the ctity of treaties, which were in vain invoked for their protection. If the decree itself was thus en/orced, in time of peace, against the subjects of foreign powers, some faint concep- tion may be formed of the barbsrous and inhuman spirit ia which the order of General Woll may be expected to he executed sgainst the inhabitants of Texes, and all who may in wed y vid their cause, or even have communi- cation with them. It was under @ decree of a similar character, issued on the 30:h of October, 1835, but not so comprehensive or barbarous in its provisions, thet the execution of Fannin ond bis party was ordered, in a former in- vasion. This decree was limited to foreigners who should land at oT, port of Mexico, or arrive by lond, and having hostile intentions, or who should 1tro- duco arms or munitions ot war to be used at any lace in rebellion, or placed in the hands of its enemics. ligbly objectionable as were its provisions, the order of Generel Woll, intended to carry out that of Jane, 1948, goes far beyond it. It embraces every individual who may be found east of a line drawn three miles east cf the Rio Bravo, without distinction of age or sex, foreign- ets or citizens, condition or vocation. All of every de. scription areto be treated as traitors. It proclaims, in short, a war of extermination ; all areto be destroyed or driven out, and Texas left a desolate waste. Such is the barbarous mode in which the government of Mexico has proclaimed to the world it is her intention ‘o conduct the war. And here the inquiry naturally arises, —what is her object in renewing at thia time a war, to be thus conducted, which baa been virtually susy.end- ed for eight years, and when her resources are known to be go exhausted as to leave her without the means of ful- filling her engagements? But one object can be assignes, and that is to deieat the annexation ot Texas to the United Staten. She knows full well that the measure is still pending, and thot the rejection of the treaty has but post poned She knows that when Congress adjourned, it was pending in both houses, ready to bo taken up and favor, unlessit should be defeated by some movement ex- terior to the United States. The projected invasion of Texas by Mexico, at this time, is that movement ; and it is intended toettect it, eRher by conquering and sunjuga- ting Texas to ner power, or by forcing herte withdraw ne ition for anvexation, und to form other con- nex'ons acceptable to her. The United States cannot, while the measure of amnex- tion is pending, stend quietly by, end permit either of these results. It has been a measure of policy long cher- ‘hed, and deemed indispensable to their safety aud wel- fare; and has accordingly been an object steadily pursued by beeen, and the acquisitien ot the territory mate the subject of negotiation by almost every adminiéiration for the last twenty years, This policy may be traced to the belief, generally entertained, that Texas was em- braced in the cession of Louisiana by France to the United States in 1803, and was improperly surrendered by the treaty of Florida in 1519; connected with the fact that @ large portion of the territory lies in the valley o! the Mississippi, and is indispensable to the defence of a distant and important frontier. The bezard of a conflict of policy Upon important points between the United States and one of the leading European powers, since the rccoguition of Texas, has rendered the acquisition still more essential to their safety and welfare, und scooringly bas increased ip proportion the necessity of acquiring it. Acting under the conviction of this necesstty, and the iaprenes that the measure would be permanently defeated by a longer postponement, the President of the United States invited exas to renew the proposition for ennexation, It was accepted by her, and, as bes been stated, is atill pending. And here the question aguin #1) the United States quietly stand by, on the eve of i's consummation, and permit the measure to be deteated by an invasion by Mexico? Andéhali they auffer Texas, for having ac- cepted an invitation to join them, consummate a meusure alike essential to her and their permanent pexce, welfare, and safety, to be desolated, her inbabitants to be butchered or driven out; or, in orcer to avert so great a calamity, to be forced, eguinst her will, into ouner al- hhances, which would terwinate in producing lasting aes bet veen her and then, tothe permanent danger ol ‘The President bas fully and deliberately examined the subject, and has come to the concifision that honor and humanity, as wellas the and welfare of the United States, torbid it ; would accordii be compelled toregard the invasion of Texas by Mexico, while the question of annexation is pending, as higbly offensive to the United States. He entertains no doubt that they had a right to invite her to renew the proposition for annexe- tion ; and that she, as an in t state, hada right to accept the invitation, without consulting Mexico or ask~ ing her leave. He regards Texas, in every respect, as in- dependent as Mexico, and as competent to transter the whole or part of her territory, as she isto transfer the whole or part of hers. Net to insist on the unquestions- ble rightof Texas to be regarded and treated in alire- Spectsasan independent power, on the ground that she has successfully resisted Mexico und preserved her inde- pendence for nine years, and has been recognized by other powers us independent. it is only necessary to re- cur to the constitution of 1824, to show that she is per- fectly entitled to be so regarded ond treated. Under that constitution, she, with Coabuiis, formed a separate State, constituting one member of the federation of th xican States, with a right secured to Texas, by the constitution, to form a separate State soon her population would warrant it. The several States of the federa- tion were equat in rights, and equally independent of each other; and remained so until 1835, when the constitution was subverted by the army, and all the States which dared to resist were subjugated and consolidated into one, by force, except ‘I'cxas. She stood up bravely in detence of her rights and inde- successfully asserted them on the bat- in Jacinto in 1936, and hes ever since The constitution, then, of 1824, made lor and her sword have since pendence, an Ue-ground of maintained thei her independent, and her pestetsicien her 5 Po garded by all assuch, except by Mexico herself. She neither now stands nor ever has stood in relation to Mexi- co, a8 arebellious province or department struggling to obtain independence aftersthrowing off her yoke ; much Jess as a band of lawless intruders and usurpers, without ernment or political existence, as Mexico would have the world to believe. On the contrary, the true relation between them is that of having been independent mem- bers of what was once a federal government, but now subverted by force; the weaker of which has success- fully resisted, against fearful odds, the attempts of the stronger to conquer and subject her to its power. It is in this light that the United States regard her; and in thet they had the right to invite herto renew the proposition for annexation, «nd to treat with her for admission into the Union, without giving any just offence to Mexico, or violating any obligation, by treaty or otherwise, between us end her, Nor will our honor, any more than our welfare and safety, permit ennexation to be defeated by an invasion of Texas, while the question is pending. If Mexico has thought proper to take offence, it is the United States, who invited a renewal of the proposition, and not Texas, whe accepted the invitation, which should be held respon- sible 5 we, os the responsibie party, cannot, without implicating our honor, permit another to suffer in our hae Entertuining these views, our honor and interests eing both involved, Mexico will make a great mistake if she supposes that the President ean regard with indif. ference the renewal of the war which she has proclaimed against Texas. But another, and still more elevated consideration, would forbid him to regard the invasion with indiffer- ence. Strong as the objections to it, of itself, are, in con- nexion witb existing circumstances, those to the man- rt in which os Umea gry it <a an anes are sillmore so. [i honor and interest forbid a. ony CMe? ddd “sg atns proposed mode ot see vee Ite All the world have an interest that the rules and usages of war, as established between civilized natior modern times should be respected, and are in duty bound to re. sist their violation,in order to preserve them. In this case, ‘that duty is pre-emmently ours. We are neighbors; the nearest to the scene of the propesed atrocities; the most competent to judge, from our proximity, and, for the same reason, enabled the more readily to interpose. For the same reason, also, our sympathies would be more deeply roused by the scenes gi misery which would pre- seut thenietvos ‘on all sides; not to mention the dangers to which we must be exposed, in consequence of an in- vasion so conducted, near a distant and weak frontier, with numerous and powerful bands of Indians in its vi- cinity. i anything can add to these strong objections to the manner in which it isproclaimed the war will be waged, it is the fiction, regardless of the semblance ef reality, to which the government ot Mexico bas resorted as a pre- text for the decree of the 17th of Juve 1843, and the or- ders of General Woll of the 20th of June last Finding. nothing in the conduct or people of Texas to justify their barbarous character, and palpable violation of the laws of nations and humanity, it bas assumed, in Looe) tae that there is no such government or communivy as Texas; that the individuals tu be found there are lawless intru- ders and usurpers, without political existence, who may be rightfully treated as a gang of pirates and outcasts from wuciety, and, as such, ure not entitled to he protec- tion of the iaws of nations or humanity. In this assump- tion the government of Mexico obstinately pesnine, in niversally admitted by all Colonists who settied Texas, instead ind usurpers, were inv.ted to settle ther rst under a grant by the Spanish authority to Moses Austin, which was afterwards confirmed by the Mexican suthority; and atterwards by similar grant from the State of Coahuila and which it wi thorized to make by the constitution of 1824. They cam: there, then, as invited guestse;—not invited for their own interests, but fer those of Spain and Mexico, in order to protect a weak and helpless province from wandering tribes of Indians, to improve, cultivate, and render pro- ductive, wild and almost uni ibited wastes; and to make that valuabls which was before worthless. All this they effected at great cost and much danger and difficulty, which nothing but American energy, industry, and perseverance could have overcome—not only unaided by Mexico, but in despite of the inpedimeuts caused by her interference. Instead, then, of a lawless band of adventurers, as they are assumed to be by the the government of Mexico, these invited colonists became, in a few years, constituent portions of one of the members of the Mexican federation ; aud, since their separation, hove established wise and free’ institutions, under the influence of which they have enjoyed peace and sccurity ; while their energy end industry, protected by equal laws, have widely extended the limits of cultivation and im- provement. It is such a people, living under such insti- lutions, successfully resising all attacks from the period of their seperation nine yeats ago, and who have been recognised and admitted into the family of nations, that Mexico has undertaken to regerd os a lawless banditti, and against whom, assuch, she has proclaimed a war of extermination ; forgetful ef their exalted and generous humanity in ceiusing to exercise the just right ol retalia. tion when, in a former invasion, victory placed in their hands the most ample means of doing #0. The govern- ment of Mexico may delude itself by its fistions, but it cannot delude the rest of the world. It will be held rea sible, not by what it may choose to regard as facts, ut what arein renlity such, and acknowledged su to be by all, save itself, Such arethe views entertained by the President of the United States in regard to the proposed invasion while the question of annexstion is pending, and of the barbar- ous and bloody manner in which tt is proclaimed it will be conducted ; and, in conformity to his instructions, both, as highly The undersigned, w a ation, has been instructed at the same time to repe: excellency the Minister of Foreign Relations ond Go. vernment of Mexico, what was heretofore comumunicated to him by the charge d'affaires of the United States, in announcing the conclusion of the treaty,—that the measure was adopted in no spirit of hostility to Mexico ; and that if annexation should be consummated, the United States will be prepared to adjust all questions growin; out of it, including that of beuadary, on the most libere terms. ‘he undersigned avails himself of this occasion to renew to his exce}lency M. C, Rejon, minister of foreign lations, and government of the republic of Mexico, the rance ef bis distinguished consideration. WILSON SHANNON. To his Exoellency M. C. Reson Minister of Fereign Relations, kc. Court ror tHe Correction or Exrons.—Tues- mt Dec. 4, 1844 —Present—Senator Bockee, pre- siding, and 28 other Sepators. On the opening ot the Court, the following communication was read :—~ Aupany, Dec. 8, 1844 How, Danser 8. Dick iN, Likut. GOVERNOR :— Dean Sra—1_hereb; gn the office of Senator of the State of New York, from the Fifth Senate District. In separating from the legislative body over which you i; ) permit me to express to you, and to all its mem- bers and officers, my grateful sense of the frequent mani- festations of your and their kindness towards me, and my earnest desire for the welfare and happiness of each one of you, Thave the honor to be, Very respeetiuly, Your obedient servant, HENRY A. FOSTER. Thereupon, on motion of Senator Porter, Resolved, ‘t hat the Hon. Abraham Bockee be, and he is hereby appointed, Prosident pro tem. of thia Court: No, 92,—Supervisors of Onondaga vs. J.J. Briggs. Mr. J.J. Briggs was heard for the deft. in error, in. person — Mr. De Noxon in reply,; but without concluding the Court took a recess to 4o’olock, P, M. NEW _ YORK HERALD. SS ee New Xork, Saturday, December 7, 184%. Weekly Pictorial Herald. MOCK AUCTION STORE. The Oyster Cellar Literati Discussing the Philosophy of the Age in a Grog Shop. EXTERIOR OF 81. PATBICK’S CATHEDRAL. ‘The Weekly Herald, will be issued this morning at nine o’clock, uncommonly rich in interesting engravings. Price 6} cents. The Steamer. No appearance of the Caledonia at Boston at 8 o’clock yesterday morning. She was then in her seventeenth day. Westerly gales, suchas those that damaged the Sea, Utica and Kalamazoo, have probably impeded her progress a little. Texas and Mexico—The Official Correspon- dence. By incredible labor and expense, we have pro- cured from Washington a copy of the official cor- respondence during the last summer between the United States government and those of Texas and Mexico, relative to the question of annexation, and we present these important documents at full length this morning to our readers. They will be deeply interesting to all classes,especially tothe merchants and politicians. This correzpondence embraces allthe diplomatic negotiations between this government and Texas and Mexico, during the last summer up to the opening of the present session of Congress. It pre- sents the commencement of the denouement which a few weeks or months may bring to an issue, for there is daily expected at Washington a special messenger from Texas and Mexico, with further importantidocuments and correspondence on the subject,that may have a most important bearing on the question before Congress. Amongst the docu- ments now published, however, the most impor- tant paper is the letter addressed by Mr. Calhoun, the Secretary of State, to the Hon. W. R. King, American Minister at Paris, copies of which have also been addressed to the American Ministers at the other European courts. In this letter,Mr.Calhoun takes high and strong ground against the policy of Great Britain in relation to abolition and other questions. We have no doubt that this whole cor- respondence, but particularly this celebrated letter, will be equalto the bursting of a bomb-shell in the European diplomatic circles. Its effects we shall see in time. We have no time to-day for the further observa- tions which this important curreepondence sug- gests. But we cannot clese these hurried remarks without stating that according to our intelligence from Washington, we are informed that the Mexi- can authorities here have been commanded by their government, under a certain contingency, to leave immediately on the issuing of the President’s Message, to proceed to Havana, and then to issue letters of marque and reprisal on American cem- merce. Of course such a measure was dictuted with reference to belligerant movements on the part of the President or Congress. At all events,thie Tex- as question is now coming to close quarters. The recent election of Mr. Polk decided that the peo- ple of the United States are in favor of annexa- tion, as a single naked question, without reference either to Mexico or any other country. Can the Senators in Congrees,with this decision of the peo- ple before them, again dare to oppose the mea- sure? Can the Senators of Virginia, who believe in the dectrine of instruction, oppose it? Can Mr. Benton himeelf, with the vote of Missouri staring him in the face, oppoee it ? Pw ore that adie eYsDOM:—Some time ago ‘we noticed that a distingni, ne Carolina—a Mr. Pickens, we Peltician of South a pilgrimage to Tennessee, in order to ascertain the lengih, breadth, thickness, and other special attributes of the President elect, on the subject of the tarift and other questions; and that having as- certained all these particulars to his satisfaction, geologi@ally and geographically, he had returned to South Carolina, and made a full report of his investigations, which were regularly and officially published in the Richmond Enquirer. Since that time, we have no doubt, a number of private mie- sions have been sent out by various political cliguer of the democracy throughout the country, on the same and similar errands. We see, also, by the Morning News of yesterday, that a special mission has been sent on from the Van Buren clique of politicians in this neighborhood, and that they huve had the good jortune to select one of the most accomplished diplomatists in these parte—we mean Major Davezac. It appeara by the last a counts that he had got as far as Cincinnati on his way to Tennessee, and probably the next official promulgation of his movements will record him as amongst the arrivals at Nashville. All these movements are very significant, and indicate the approach of a great dispensation on the 4th of March next. Mr. Polk himself, at the date of the last accounts,was on his way {rom Columbia, through Nashville, to the Hermitage, tor the pur- pose of consulting with the elder branch of the Hickory family, and ascertaining what his views were of the present position of affairs through- out the country, and particularly what would be the best materials for the construction of a new cabinet. We have also sent out our pri- vaté diplomatist towards those regions, to report progress in the Herald, and we have already re- ceived some private despatches which indicate pretty broadly, that * old Hickory” will give some good and sound advice to the young scion of that venerable stock, before his flight from Tennessee towards Philadelphia and Washington—of such a character, too, as will disappoint many of the poli- ticians. We have it on very good authority, that the young democracy of the present day are to be the advisers, and counsellors and associates of the “Young Hickory,” that is to be our President— and if such should be the case, a very interesting light is thrown on the certainty of the tenure by by which all the officials, put in by Cap.ain Tyler, hold possession of the spoils.” It is said that Mr. Polk has already been written to on the subject of Dorr, of Rhode Island, but that he returned a very cool answer to the enthusi- asts. In a few days, however, we shall receive from our messenger and diplomatist in Tennessee, very interesting additional information relative to the views, purposes and pursuits of the President, and the course which he will probably adopt in relation to a variety of men and measures. Tue Execroran Vore.—The 3d inst, was the day set apart for the meeting of the Presidential Elec- tore in every State in the Union. Among those heard from the utmost harmony prevailed; the votes were given as the recent elections indicated. There were no splits as many fondly hoped there would be. Suppen Deatu or Doctor S. C. Roz.—We re- gret to state that the Doctor was taken suddenly ill yesterday morning when going to visit a patient. He feil on the side walk, was taken up by a watch- man and assisted home, when he soon cea sedo exist. His heart was supposed to be affected. AssociaTION ror THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE Con- pITIoN or THE Poor.—We have a full report of the first meeting of this association, held last evening in the Tabernacle, in type, but are compelled, {rom 1 prees of other valuable matter, to leave it out un til to-morrow. Omo Leatsaturr.--This assembly met on the 2dinst. David Chambers was elected Spenker of the Senate, and John M. Gallagher of th House Catuoxictty ano Paotrstanism—Dr. Pix ano Bistos Hugues.—The controversial lectur es deli- vered by the Rev'd. Dr. Pise at St. Peter’s church in this city, and of which we have given ample and faithful reports, have excited agreat deal of attention and remark, as well amongst Caéholies as Protestants. Dr. Pise is quite two ingenuous for the management of polemical discussion. The amiable simplicity, which is so characteristic of this erudite divine, leads him to announce, with- out the slightest attempt at reserve or concealment, whatever he really believes, and regardless of the mannerin which the declaration may be received by his auditors, The Doctor has been thus led to make a broader and more unvarnished exhibition of several of the dogmas of the church, than uny of hisfellow-laborers in Catholic controversy of the present day. Indeed,ousome pointsof belief which prevailed in the dark ages, such as the miracles of | the Saints,the Doctor hassucceeded, by his ingenv- | ousness in exciting a laugh amongst the Protestants, and a little dissatisfaction amongst some professors of his own creed. The appearance of Bishop Hughes in the field of. controversial theology on Thursday evening last at St. Patrick’s Cathedral, appears to favor the idea which has been mooted abroad incertain quarters, that the Bishop does not regard Dr. Pise’s anaun- ciation and defence ofthe Catholic dogmas, asal- together discreet, however zealous and well-meant. The Bishop intends, himself, to give a series of lec- tures on the distinctive tenets of the Catholic faith, and this movement may be considered as a sort of “countercheck quarrelsome,” as Shakspeare ex- presses it, to the lectures of the Rev. Dr. Pise.— Bishop Hughes is a controversialist of an altogether different stamp from the amiable pastor of St. Peters. He is subtle—ingenious—and vigilant ; practised in the lists, and skilled in the use of the- ological weapons. He conciliates rather than pro- vokes his antagonists, and after establiehing gene- ral principles, to which their assent is readily givep , rather seeks to drive them into acquiescence w'.th his conclusions, than to present in ell their breadth and detail the distinctive dogmas of his church, tor the purpose ,ot convicting Protestants of gross departure from the truth in rejecting them. He also appears to be free from that querulous, peevish and irritable manner which is almost universally characteristic of Catholic theological disputants ; and as a mere orator, is fluent, pleasing, and effec- tive in no ordinary degree. a . The Bishop’s Lecture on Thursday evening was attended by avery crowded audience. It was merely introductory to the intended series of lec- tures. The nature of belief, and the natural cra- vings of the human mind for some sort of religious belief, constituted the chief subject of the remarks that were offered. The organization and estab- lishment of ‘ the church” as the depository of the revealed will of God, and as its authorized witness and expounder, was also dwelt on at some length}; and the great diflerence between Catholicity and Protestantism was represented as consisting in the fact that the latter received the scriptures, but re- jected the witnese and expounder, whilst the for- mer recognized both. In the succeeding lectures the Bishop will, we are led to suppose, enter into a philosophical, mathematical and physiological ex. planation and vindication of the dogmas of the Catholic church. We have no doubt that they will be well attended. Traian Orgra.—There was a very elegant and full house last night, and the opera of Belisario was received with much more enthusiastic apprcbation than on the preceding nights of its performance.— The troupe is indeed now one of the best ever col- lected inthis country. After next week the opera will be given on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Satur- dayg, in order to avoid some nights most frequent- ly chosen for parties and balls. The fashionable patrons of this elegant amusement ought [to recol- lect, in the selection of the nights for their soirées and balls, not to interfere with the opera. Theex- cellence of the company, the fine style in which lotted for the enjoyment of this most refined of all amusements, should certainly receive the warmest and most considerate patronage of the public.— Next week Cenerentola will be given, with Pico as the heroine, and Antognini, ‘Don Ramir,” Tomasi, “Dandim,” and Sanquirico,“Magnifico,” —an adm irable cast. The English opera at the Park appears to be losing somewhat in attractiveness. There was an evident falling off in the house last night. The ‘processions” and dances,and all that, are becom- ing tiresome to the multitude. Oxe Burt.—This distinguished musician is ex- pected here in a day or two. Next week, we un- derstand, he will commence a series of concerts, at the first of which he wiil play some of his recent compositions, including the “Solitude of the Prat- ries” and the“ Falls of Niagara.” He has been giv- ing concerts in Boston and the neighboring tow ag, like Worcester, with great succees. He will ve re- ceivedwith enthusiasm by his old friends when he appears again in this metropolis. FasuionaBLe Movements.—Korponay, who is teaching the whole beaw monaie the Polka, gives a grand ball at the Alhambra on the 27th inst’ The tickets are to be $5, and the proceeds go fer the benefit of the Deaf and Dumb Asylum. It will be a magnificent affair. Captain Rynders, the Don Giovanni of modern Democracy and the Empire Club, intends proceed- ing to Washington, to take part in the grand inau- guration ball. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WINTER.—The North- ern mail during the winter will arrive in this city, via the Housatonic Railroad and Bridgeport steam- boats. It willleave Albany at seven o’clock, A.M., and reach here about eight o’clock in the evening. On Monday next the steamers for New Haven will leave here at half-past six o’clock, A. M., and New Haven at eleven o’cloci: at night. These changes are made in consequence of the completion of the railroad from Hartford to Spring- field. Passengers who leave Boston at three P.M. by this route, will reach New York early the next morning. This gives us four routes to Boston. Steamer Worcester —This steamer, which left here on Wednesday afternoon for Norwich, was obliged to return to the city. When off Hunting. ton Light, the piston rod of her air pump broke, and she was worked back by hand. She arrived in season to send on her passengers by the Long Island Railroad train yesterday morning. Mestine on Parison Discirting.—The meeting held last night, at the Apollo roome, was well at- tended. Mr. J. W. Edmonds stated the objects of the assembly, which he supported at great length by elaborate and various arguments, moral, phrenolo- gical, statistical and rehgious. A Committee ap- pointed by the Chairman, Vice-Chancellor M‘Coun, presented the draft of a Constitution for the So- ciety, which we believe was adopted. Mr. Chan- ning made a feeling address and was followed by two or three others, including a lady from among the audience. Our reporter’s full account of the proceedings is unavoidably crowded out. Mamesr or Conorass rrom New Jensey.— Isaac G. Farlee intends to contest the seat of John Runk in the next Congress. The latter has a me- jority of sixteen votes, and is opposed to demo- cracy. Casz or Potty Boping.—It having been found impossible to impannel a jury for the trial of Polly Bodine at Richmond, the court adjourned on Thureday evening sine die. No Messaas at Atsany.—This document had aot reached Albany yesterday morning. Navication.—The river continued open to 'Al- bany_on Thursday. + The finaucial accounts of the Province for 1843, wiil be immediately laid before you, and those for 1844 a soon as they can be prepared alter the completion of the year.— a ed {wreuciaence rrom Canapa.—Our advices from Montreal are to the 30th ult. inclusive. The only news of consequence is the opening of the Provincial Parliament, the Governor Generals speech—its mock kingly display—and the eartl.- quake at Montreal. Annexed is the speech which the Gov. read ina voice clear, distinct, and audi- bie in every part of the room: Mlamen f the Howe : % i lee Council, end Gen- completion of the rsteat General Hsctioe weal ates and { have high satisfaction in mveting you in we may devote ourselves to the care ort pooner pec nred committed to our c! ‘The season ot the year being unfavorable for the pros- ecution of those avecations in which many of you are engaged, you will de enabled. I trust with Jess inconve- nience, to attend tu the discharge of the important func- tious bine wed have to pertorm. ie to announce to you thatthe Birth of a Prince has siaddened the hearts oe the subjects of our gracijus Queen throughout. Her vast do! m every g’1arter of the globe, and Her Majesty’s continued ae, ats health demand our gratitude to the Almighty *iany subjects in which the welfare of the Province i eeply involved will be entitled to your earnest er “ ration. None can be more important then the impro ment of the elucation*of the people, which is one of the most urgent duties of the State; and [ anxiously hepe that in addition to such other amendments of existing Laws onths momentous question as may be required in either section of the Province, your wisdom may be able to devise some orrangement respecting the University of King’s College,that may receive the sanction of the Crown and give general satistaction in the Colony, The Municipal Institutions of the brovince, visions for which have, in Lower Canada, proved, to a great it, nugatory, will, no doubt, engage your at- tention as well as the state of the Prisons aud the want of Lunatic Asylums: The amelioration of the means of Communication throughout the Province, on whieh its eoerey mainly depends, for production is unavailing, means do not exist, of reaching a market, also deserves consideration. The ‘Bautern Townships of Lower Cana- da are proullariy destitute in this particular ; and the Town of Kingston, in Upper Canada which has wnavoid- ably suffzred much by sc, removal of the Seat of Govern ee fragt a “yt through the Inland Territory, 3 the wi essentiol f 8 prosperit; ot that neighborhood. shia picid Tne Militia Law of Lower Canada havi expired, the syibstitution of another scems tojbe requisite, and it ma; ‘ve desirable at the same time to revise the existing Militia Law of Upper Canada, and to frame a General Law for both sections of the Province. It affords me great pleasure to be able to inform you that the flourishing state of the Revenue farms a fit sub- Ject for congratulation, There is resson to believe that it may be fu legislation ; and that judicious economy may contribute tothe same result. Her Majesty bas most graciously received the Address from the Legislative Assembly of the last Parliament, cn boy ici go of bas oe aa ough tke only objects songht by the Imperial Legislature in making provision for a Civil List were to give stability and securityto the great Civil Institutions ot the Province ; to provide for the adequete remunera- tion of able and ethcient Officers in the jus Public Departments ; and to enable Her Majesty to make mode- rate provision tor the declining years of those whose beat days have been devoted to a faithful discharge of public duties. or who eminent services, might ‘have merited the favor of the Crown ; ‘Her Majesty is nevertheless ful- Jy persuaded of the concurrence of Her faithful subjects in Canada in effecting these objects ; and would gladly owe the means of attaining them to the spontaneous liber- ality of her Canadian People. er therefore due and adequate provision shall have been made for them by the Legislature of Canada, Her Majesty will be prepared to recommend to the Imperial Parliament the Re al of so much of the Act of the pro- er improved by wise A inion as relates to this subject. Until the Imperial Parliament shall bave assented to such @ recommendation, Her Majesty equelly with all Her Subjects, is bound by the provisions of an Enactment to which Her Sanction has been given. Gentlemen of the House of Assembly: The Estimates likewise will be submitted to you at an early period. Notwithstanding the unavoidsble expenses attendant on the reraoval of the Seat of Government from Kingston to Montreal, and other cleims to be submitted for your consivseration, a considerable surplus Reveuue will re- mair,, effording the means of making some provision to- wat-ds the liquidation of the public debt. 14 entertain no doubt of your willingness to provide for tae exigencies of the public service, and you may rely on ‘my exertions to diminish expenditure by all practicable vconomy. I have availed myself of several opportunities for retrenchpent that have presented themselves, and shall continue to pursue the seme course whenever re- duction may appear to be consistent with efficiency. Honorable Gentlemen, and Gentlemen of the House of Assembly:— You will, 1am sure, concur with me in desiriug that the weitere of United Canada may be promoted by our joint labors. To that great end I favite your earnest ef- terts, and you may be assured of my hearty co-operation in every ineasure that may be calculated to secure peace and prosperity, justice and beppinass to this (Province. The charge entrusted to me by our sovereign, I shall continue to administer according to the acknowled; principles of our Provincial Constitution, and with a view to the wants and wishes of the community. On the oc- offices of administration:-y the most important them by the appointmess vs ea tO poss sess the confidence of the people. Extraordinar: tf obsta cles produced a delay in the accomplishment of that pur- — notwithstanding my incessant exertions to effect it- n‘ddently believing, that the several branches of the Letgisluture, in the full exercise of their constitutional powers, will maintain the harmony essential to the well lawing of seaenpla for whose benefit alone these powers ‘ure confe }. Iwill not detain you from the important duties which await you, further than to express my hum- ble hope, that the Almighty may bless our endeavors ond render them efficacious for the public good. Orening or THE Canapian Pantiament, Nov, 28.—At IL ovlock the Commissioners for administering the eaths to members appeared, according to previous notice, in the Chamber of the Assembly, attended by the Clerk of the House, che Clerk of the Crown in Chancery, and other officers. The 8 were then administered to the 75 members present, who then took their seats, but the Clerk having intims.ted an adjournment until one o'clock, (it be ing now twelve,) some of them retired, Exactly at one o'clock the Governor Gegeral, attended by abri'dant suite drove from Government House to the it.ative buildings, where a guard of honor, from the 89th, Regiment, was in attendance to receive him, and having entered the Legislative Council Chamber, took his seat upon the throne. The most «f the members of Council were present, and the space allotted to the public was filled to overflowing, the seats ybebind the members’ ied by the ladies. ‘The gentleman usher chairs being occupis of the black rod was then ordered to command the at- tendance of the members of Assembly, who soon after ap- peared en masse atthe bar. The Clerk then read from a paper, the intimation, that His Excellency the Governor General would declare the reasons forhis assembling the Rhould elect w Spesier, for which purpose they gun 12 shoul ta er, for wi urpose egain re- tired ; after afew minutes His Excellensy rose, descended from the throne, and having bowed tothe Council, with- drew. The mace was then laid on the table, and the Hon. Mr. Draper moved an adjournment until this day at one o’clock, which was agreed to 4 The Governor General wore the uniformof his office, and appeared in good health. On theelection of McNab for Speaker, the following ‘was the vote, showing the division of : Yeas—Boulton, Brooks, Chalmers, Colville Cummings, Rie DeBlenry, Dickson, Duggan, Dunlop, Ermatinger, er, Gowan, Grieve, Hale, Hall, Jessup, Johnston, Lawrasop, MacDonald (Cornwall) MacDonald (Kirgs- ston,) MacDonnell Opiate oleae Meyers, Moffatt, Murney, Papineau, Petrie, jell, Scott, Seymour, Sher- wood Broo ville.) Sherwood (Turonto,) Suith (Fronte- nac,) Smith (Missi Nia (Bytown,) Stewart (Presvott,) Webster, Willi 39 Nays—Armstrong, Aylwia, Baldwin, Berthelot, Ber- trand, Boutillier, Cauchon, Chabot, Chauveau, Christie, Desaulniers, DeWitt, Drummond, Franchere, Guillet, bin, Lacoste, Lafontaine, Lantier, Laurin, LeMoine, lie, MacDenald (Glengarry,) MacDonald (Stormont,) Me- thot, Nelson, Poweil, Price, Prince, Roblin, Small, Smith (Wentworth,) Teché, son— 86. Leow.ative Counci.—Friday, Nov. 29, 1644. -The Council met according to adjournment. Soon aiter it a: sembled, his Excellency the Governor General, having been received on dismounting from his carriage by a guard of honor and a salute rete guns, which the cheers of the multitude arcund made almost inaudible, arrived in the Council Chamber, dressed in uniform, and surroun- ded by a splendid suite, and having ascended the throne, the Gentleman Usher of the Black Red was directed to command the attendance of the House of Assembly. The House appeared with Sir Allan McNab, the Speaker, at their head. Sir Allan «ddress his Excellency to the ef- fect, that the House of Assembiy had made choice of him Jo- Rousseau, Taachereau, Thomp- os its Speaker, and he asked, by hs petition, that the usual privileges be sccorded to the members, particu- larly freedom of speech in debate, free access to his Ex- cellency’s person, at all reasonable times, ond that bis Ex- cellency would put the most favorable interpretation upgn all their acta Hovsr or Assempuy November 29, 1944.—The House met to-day at halt past two o'clock. Atthreeo'clock, the Gentlemen Usher of the Bleck Rod entered and delivered the Governor General’s command for the attendance of the souse in the Chamber of the Legislative Council. Soon after the members returned, and the Speaker hav- ing resumed the Chair, reported to the House the Speech of His Excellency, and read it in English ; upon which there were lond cries from the opposition of ‘in French,’ “jn French.” The Speech was then read by the Clerk in that language. During the whole of the time occupied in reading the speech, Mr. Aylwin continued seated, with his hands crossed upon his breast, the reat of the members ember he sew eppente. (posing. to Me. Aylwin) saember he saw opposite, (poi Ir. Loud cries of order upon ‘which Mr. Johnston forbure his in‘erruption until the speech was reed. (From the Montreal Herald, Nov. 30) bet the hours of twelve and quake was felt over the whole Yesterday morning, one, the shock of an earthquake was ot the city of Montreal. It was severe enough to cause the houses to shake, and pieces of furniture to rattle, and was attended wits ag tl Jig of the rapid pas f hh: e s Many persons were awoke with the cont and the rocking of their bedsteads from side to side. We have heard of no accidents from it although the area of its passage seems to have been large. (From the Montreal Courier of Nov. 29 } Saturday night, a young, man going to his resi- oboe ir that ve the city called riffintown, w knocked down by several men; he drew a pistol and fired, killing one of the assailants, named Finnall. The others fled, and the young m ought refuge in the house of agentleman ‘near by, which was soon assailed ‘amob, He escaped from the house and fled to another, atcha intarn attacked, and he was obliged to leave it. The disturbance was fivally quieted by the military. A placard of an inflammatory nature, calling a meeting of Irishmen and Canadians in reference to this matter, won posted the next day, but the place designated for the