The New York Herald Newspaper, December 7, 1844, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Voi, X., No, 338—Whole Ne, 3938, NEW YORK, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 7, 1844. al Price Two Cents. REPORT OF THE SECRE- TARY OF STATE. Deranrmant or State, Washington, December 2, 1844. Sia:—In obedience to your instructions, | have the honor, herewith, to transmit copies of a corres- pendence with the governments of Mexico ‘exus, growing out of the proposed annexation of the latter to the United States; and also of the correspondence with the Texan authorities in rela- tion to the disarming of a body of Texan forces under the commana of Mejor Sniviey, by a de- tachment of United States troops commanded by Captain Cooke, and the forcible entry and taking away from the custom house on Red river of sun- dry goods and merchandise by certain citizens of the United States. i By a note recently received from the honorable C. , Raymond, wg charge d’affaires of the republic of Texas, 1 am informed that the evidence reterred to in my note to Mr. Van Zandt, of the 4th of August last, has not yet been received by him. All which is respectfully submitted ‘ J.C. Catuoun. To the President of the United States. Correspondence with Mexico and Texas on the subject of Annexation, Mx. Catuoun To Mr. SuaNnon. Deragtmenr oF Sratx, Wasnineron, June 20, 1844. Sin:—I have the honor to acknowledge the re- ceipt of your letter of the 17th of April last, an- nouncing your acceptance ef the appointment ten- dered you by the President ot the United States as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the republic of Mexico, and noufying this de- partment ot your readiness to enter on the dis- charge of the duties of your office. 278 You have already received your commission; and Iherewith enclose to you @ full power, a special passport, printed personal instructions, a sealed let- ter accrediting ras tothe President of the Mex:- can republic,and an open copy of the same for your own use. In presenting this letter of credence to the President, you will avail yourself of the occa- sion to express tothe President of Mexico the sin- cere desire of the President of the Uuited States to maintain the most amicable relations with the government of the Mexican republic, and his pur- fir to promote this end by every proper means in is power. is By a convention between the United States and the Mexican republic, signed on the 11th day of April, 1889, a joint commission was agreed upon, for the purpose of adjusting the claims of the citi- zens of the former on the government of the lat- ter. This ommission, agreeably to the provisions of the convention, met in the city of wanunatcn, in August, 1840; but much of the time allowed tor the transaction and close of its husinesa was con- sumed by the commissioners of the two govern- ments in discussing the organization of the board, and proper forins of procedure to be adopted before it. ‘The consequence was, that, at the expiration of the period when, by the terms of the conven- tion, the commission ‘should expire, many of the claims submitted for its decision remained undeci- ded by the board ; while others referred to the um- pire were leftin the same state, as he considered is functions terminating with those of the com- mizsion. 5 1 The convention also provided that the claims which should be allowed might be discharged by the payment of Mexican treasury notes; but as . these were much depreciated in value at the ‘ime when the commission expired, itbecame a matter of importance to effect some arrangement by which specie should be eubstituted in their stead. ‘To this end, your predecessor was empowered and in- structed to enter into a negotiation with the go- vernment of Mexico; and a convention was_con- cluded on the 30th day of January, 1843, providing for the payment of the awards, and the interest ac- cruing thereon, in specie, in five years from the RObdaxol April J8S3. i jwrinive Deen paid punctually, withthe exception ot that which fell due in the month of February last—apart only of which was paid on_ the day; and though the balance has since been discharged, it is important to the inter- ests involved that the sirictest punctualty should be observed: The jast instalment, dve onthe 30th day ot April, 1844, had not been paid at the date of our last advices trom Mr. Green, the charge d’aflaires ad interim of the United States, though repeated applications had been made by him te the Minister of Foreign Relations. This neglect of solemn and express stipulations cannot be otherwise regarded than as violations of national faith, injurious alike to the honor of Mexico and the interests of the United States. It will therefore, be your duty to remonstrate, in the strongest terms, against this apparent indifference to the obligations ot contracts and to urge upon the government of Mexico the necessity of complying with the stipulations of the convention agreeably to its terms. P You will find on the files of the legation a corre- spondence between your predecessor (Mr. Thomp- sou) and the Mexican Minister on Forei a tions, in regard to an order addressed by the Mexi- can Secretary of War, dated the 14th of July,1843, to tue governors of the States of California,Senora, Sinatoa, and Chihuahua, directing the expulsion ot the citizens of the United States from their Terri- tories respectively. The result of this correspon- dence seems to have been none other than an en- largement.of the terms of the order, 80 as to em- brace foreigners generally, or such of them as might be deemed vagrants, or dangerous to the public peace. — ‘ It is not designed to enter into a grave argument to expose the character of ruch an order, or to show its opposition to the treaty of the Sth of April 1831. The correspondence referred to will put you in possession of the points in issue, and of the views of the government in regard to them. As a large number of our ciuzens, for the purpose of trade, have settled themselves in the States re- ferred to, whose property and une may be en- dangered in its enforcement, it will be necessary that you give to the subject your earliest attention. You will perceive, by reterence to the correspon- dence on the files of the Jegation, that the gover. nors of the States to whom the order 18 addressed are empowered arbitrarily to fix the time when those deemed obnoxious shail leave the country, while no opportunity seems to be vouchsafed to the suspected to vindicate their characters. In the ex- ecution of such an order, it is more than probable that much individual wrong and suffering may be inflicted ; and while you will protest in strong terms against the order itself, as flagrant violation of the treaty of 1831, you will, at the same time, exert your utmost vigilance to protect the persons and property of those who may be made unjustly the subjects of its operations. Enjoining on our citizens, on the one hand, a proper obedience to the laws ot Mexico, as 4 condition of your interference in their behalf; and on the other, giving the Mexican government to understand that the United States cannot allow their citizens, induced to take up their residence in its territories under the solemn sanction of a treaty, to be driven from their abodes, or otherwise injured in their persons or property, on frivolous pretexts. t Another question of very grave importance, and which is sul pending between the two govern. ments, grows out of the Mexican decree of the 23d of September, 1843, prohibiting foreigaers resident in Mexico from engaging in the retail trade. Your predeceesor (Mr. Thompson) was instructed to pro- test against the application of this decree to the citizens of the United States, as a direct and palpa- ble infringement of the 8d article of the treaty of 1831, and incompatible with other stipulations contained init, The Mexican Minister tor Foreign Affaire attempts to sustain the decree on the general ground, that by the treaty the citizens of each country resident inthe other are subject to their respective laws and usages. Thi @ gene- eral truth, may be admitted ; but surely it cannot be pretended that rights guarantied by treaty be- tween two independent powers may se abridged or modified by the municipal regulations of one of the parties, without and against the consent of the other. Such a position is so utterly untenable, that it would be needless to dwell on it. i ‘This subject willdemand your prompt attention ; for itis of the highest importance to prevent the injustice, injury, and distress which must nececea- rily attend the execution of the decree, rather (han to resort to protracted negotiations in order to re- pair them, You will, therefore, inform the government of Meaico, in firm but conciliatory language, that, while the United States concede to Mexico the right to enact laws not inconsistent with her treaty stipulations, they cannot tamely submit to the exe- cution of this deeree ; and that it is confidently ex- pecied it will be countermanded, so far as their citizens are concerned, Another decree, dated in August last, was also issued by the Mexican Government, which appears to conflict, very clearly, with the stipulations of the treaty of 1831. By the 4th article of this decree, merchandise lawfully imported into the territorie: of Mexico is subjected to forfeiture, after a limite time, unless it be sold or reshipped in one year.— This is so obviously in contravention of the 26th article of the treaty existing between the two coun- OOOOoO——OO——OEOEOEOO—OEOEOEOEOEOEOOeEOOOEEOEO EE tries, and so hostile in its spirit to those relations of friendship which it wasinteaded to secure, that, in’ the last interview between your predecessor (Mr Thompson) and the President of Mexico, a promise was made Ly that functuary so to modify the eaid decree as to divest it of its obnoxious pro som in respect to the citizens of the United tates You will avail yourself of the first occasion; af- ter ty arrival, to bring the subject to the notice of the Mexican government, and to urge the im- mediate fulfilment of the promise made to your predecesgor. You will embracesome convenient opportunity, ter you have complied with the foregoing in- structions, to address a note to the Mexican go- vernment, in which you will say that you a.e in- structed to inform it that the President perceives with regret it has apsivele minooneesxed the object of the communication which the secretary of the legation of the United States, in conformi- ty withhis instructions, made to it, in re- ference to treaty recently entered into with Texas. Its opject, as it plainly im- orts to be, was to announce to the govern- ment of Mexico that the treaty had been signed, and submitted to the Senate for its approval; that the measure had been adopted with no unfriendly or hostile feelings to Mexico; and that the gov- ernment of the United States was ready to adjust, on liberal terms, the question of boundary, an any other that might grow out of the treaty. 1t constituted no part of its object to invite a discus- sion as to itsright to make the treaty. To hel sed 80, would be to assume that it had made it without duly examining and establishing, to its entire satis- faction, its right to do so; a supposition which would neither comport with the fact, nor with what is due to its honor and dignity. Such being the case, it cannof, consistently with either, per- mit itself to be drawn into a controverey with the government of Mexico as to its right to make the treaty; and you will inform it, accordingly, that rou have been instructed to pass unnoticed the neonclusive arguments by which it has attempted to controvert our right to enter into it. We hold Texas to be independent de jure as well as de facto; and as competent, in eyery respect, to enter into a treaty ef cession, or any other, as Mexico herself, or any other independent Pee and that, in enter- ing into the treaty of annexation with her, we vio- lated no prior engagement er stipulation with Mex- ico. We would, indeed, have been glad, in doing 80, to have acted with the concurrence of Mexico, if circumstances had permitted—not because we believed that she had any rightful claim of sove- reignty over Texas, or that the latter was not com- petent, of itselt, to transfer the full and complete t and title to its Jerriory.s but because, in our ire to preserve the most friendly relations with Mexico, we were. disposed to treat her with re- spect, however unfounded we believed her claim to Texas to be. It was in contormity with that desire that the instructions were given to make the communication to the government of Mexico, an- nouncing the signature of the treaty, and ourrea- diness to adjust all questions which might grow out of it, between the two countries, on the most liberal terms. re You will also state that you are instructed to pass over unnoticed the menaces and _ offensive language which the Government of Mexico has thought properto use. 1t makes a great mistake in supposing that the United States can be deterred by menaces, from adopting a measure, which after mature deliberation, they have determined they have a right to do, and which they believe to be essential to their salety and prosperity. ‘They are desirous of peace with Mexico and all o her nations; but they always stand prepared to defend themselves, if need be, against any attack to which they may be subjected in pursuing a line of policy deemed by themselves just and expedient. Nor can they be provoked to retort the offensive Jan- guage used. Tne Government of the United States istoo mindful of what is due to its own self respect and dignity, to bedriven, byany provocation, how- ever unwarranted or great, from that decorum, of lppeuase which ought ever to be observed in the ‘2fGeial correspondence of independent states. In port, and a bad one cannot be streagthened by it. From the failure of the Senate to approve the treaty of annexation with Texas, itis not deemed advisable to instruct you to make any overture or propositions to the Government of Mexico in rela- tion to that subject ; but should any disposition be manifested on its part to open negotiations, or an' propositions be made in reterence to it, you will receive and immediately transmit them to this De- partment. Tam, ir, your obedient servant, J. C. Carnoun, Mr. Howarp to Mr. Catuoun. Extract ] (ComrrpentiaL.] Legation or THE U. Srarss. Wasuineton, (Texas,) Aug. 7, 1844. Sir ; I havethe honor to transmit, herewith, tne copy of a letter received by me, on yesterday, from the Hon. Anson Jones, Secretary of State, &c., dated the 6th inst.; also, copies of several docu- mente referred to in his communication by the let- tera A. and B. ; besides a copy of a letter to him from the Secretary of War of this Republic ; ac- companying which, will also be found a copy of my reply to the, letter of Mr. Jones. : * * Mr. Jongs to Mr. Howarp. DgrartMent or State, Wasuinaton (Texas), Aug. 6, 1844. The undersigned, Secretary of State of the ite- public of Texas, has the honor to transmit, here- with, to General Howard, Charge d’Affiires of the United States, near this Government, the copy of a communication from the Hon. G. W. Tit, of this date, with accompanying documents A and B, containing the information that Mexico is about to recommence active hostilities against this country. © Ht The undersigned is aware that General Howard has already been informed of the efforts making by General Santa Anna to raise funds in Mexico, aud an army of thirty thousand men, for the subjuga- tion of Texas; and that troops in donmiderable numbers have already been moved towards our southwestern frontier, under the command of Gen. Canaliz, of the Mexican army, an officer appoint- ed to carry this object into eflect. The intormation now in possession of this go- vernment leads the undersigned to the conclusion that Mexico intends either to renew a system of predatory warfare against Texas, or else to make a formidable attempt for its conquest; and that, whichever alternative she may have concluded to adopt, she has been induced to her course by the negotiationspending between Texas and the United States on the subject of annexation. In view of these facts,and adverting to the assnran- ces given to this government by General Murphy, charge d’aflaires of the United States, on the 14h of February, and by Mr. Celhoun, Secretary of State, on the 11th of April last, the undersigned, by direction of his excellency the President, has the honor to request that General Howard will, as early as conveuient, take the necessary steps to cause to be carried into effect these assurances, and to extend to Texas the aid which the present emergency requires. ‘ The undersigned embraces with great pleasure this occasion to present to General Howard the assurances of his distinguished consideration and regard. Anson Jons. The Hon. Tirguman A. Howarp, Charge d’Aflaires of the United States, &c. Derartment or War anp Marine. Wasuinoton, (Texas,) August 6, 1844. Sir :—I am directed by his excellency the Pre: dent to ask the attention of your department to the factsrecently made known to this government, and contained in communications recently received from General Adrian Woll, of the army of Mexico, and Colonel John C. Haye, commanding on the southwestern froniier of Texas, a copy of the for- mer, and an extract of the latter of which, are herewith transmitted. — ‘ The facts contained in these cemmunications, taken in connexion with other intelligence which has been received, leave no doubt of the objects and intentions of the Mexican government; and that a coneiderable military force is now being concentrated on the Rio Grande, with the avowed object of immediately following the attack of the cavalry alluded to by Col. Hays, by that of a more formidable force. No doubt can, therefore, longer exist of the propriety and necessity of placing 1m- mediately on our south western frentier, for the defence of the nation, all the troops at the disposal ot the government, whether of our own citizens, or by existing arrangements between this govera- ment and that of the United States. ‘ I have the honor to be your very obedient ser- vant, G. W. Hitt, Secretary of War and Marine. Hon. Anson Jones, Secretary of State, &c. A. [Extract.] Heap Quarters, Sovrnwesrean Som Bexar, July 21, 1944. * . * * * The following is the information alluded to:— Sir, , About ten days ago, a secret spy in my employ ar- tived in town, and informed me that preparations were in progress to mount on good horses a torce of six hundred men, to be divided inzo three divi- sions—one of which was ‘to proceed with rapid marches to this place, and enter the town, if practi- cable; if repulsed, io retreat. Immediately on their return, another division would advance with the same instructions; and so on, giving time to each division to refresh, and keep up a constant annoyance on this portion of the frontier. Two days ago he returned, confirming his previousstate ment; and, in addition, a communication from a gentleman whose statement cannot be doubted, confirming the report of the spy, and stating that they had already 400 fine horses purchased to mount the troops, and that their operations would commence reetyt the month of August. This statement cannot be doubted. * Ihave the honor to be, very respectfully, dc. i Joun C. Hays, Commanding Southwestern Frontier. To the Hon. G. W. Hitt, : Secretary of War and Marine. Department oF War anp Marine, Wasuinaton, (fexas,) Aug. 6, 1844. I certify the within Poregoing] to be a true ex- tract from the original on file in this office. M. C. Hamuuron, C. C. Dept. War. B. {Translation.] Heap Quantens, Mixn, June 19, 1844. Ast Brigade of the North—Communder in Chief. ‘The time prefixed by the supreme goveroment of the republic for the duration of the armistice celebrated with the cemmissioners of Texos, on the 16:h of February of the present year, having expired, his Excellency the Presitent has been pleased to determine that hostilities are renewed, aod declared to exist from the lith day of the present month, inst the inhabitants of that depart- ment. While I app you of this resolution of his Ex- cellency, I will also represent to you the fact that my government is bighly indignant at the perfidious conduct of these 1 inhabitants towards the republic, which, ‘ever generous to them, believed they were acting in good faith,until the contrary became manifest by their disre: gard of the promiser made in the same treaty of armistice, as relates to thefcommissioners,according to article 4,;who were to have proce¢ded to the capital of Mexico, in order to arrange the terms whereby theic, propositions might be admitted. Hus excellency the President, convinced that thd honor of the nation demands that such dishonorable conduct should be punished, and that it should be understood that his motives for the delay in dec}ining the renewal ot hos- tilities has not proceeded from the want of the ability or of resources, but purely from motives of humanity, desi:es me to meke this intimation. In the performance of this duty, although ther flection that human blood must be shed is painful, yet I have the satisfaction to know that our cause is just, and that it is sustained by sacred and imprescriptible rights, in which we have no less confidence than in the valor of our troops : and the struggle once renewed, the civilized world will become the judge of our rights, while victory will crown the efforts of those who fvarlessly wage the battle for their country, opposed to usurpation. 1 have the honor to reiterate to you the assurance of my high consideration and esteem. God and liberty. ADRIAN WOLL, To Gen, Sam. Houston, Mr, Howanv to Mr. Jongs. Leaatioy to THe Unirep Statxs, Wasninaton, (Texas,) August 6, 1844 The undersigned, Charge d’Affeirs of the United States near the government of the republic of Texas, hi honor to acknowledge the receipt of the communj-ation ofthe Hon. Anson Jones, Secretury of State of this repub- lic, of this date, together with its accompanying docu. ments, The undersigned is fare of the incipient steps which have been taken by the chief of the Mexican government, with the alleged purpose of invading ard subjugating ‘Texas ; but how far the preparations have goue, he is not informed. He has no reavon, however, to doub: the information communicated by the honorable Secretary ; on the contrary, he has received similar information from other quarters. How far the relations of Texas and the United States may have excited the Mexican guvernment to additional efforts to reconquer Texas, and hastencd the renewal oi hostiities, the undersigned has no means of judging. Whatever moy he shoagignoticnrmtetitiohr thesubject of universal £26" si,ich has marked the rels- tions of Texus ard Mexi-o since the revolution of 1836, shou!d not be brought to a close. If, however, the recommencement of this conflict has been owing to negotiations between the governments of the United States and Texas, aid if the United States have xiven “assurances” to ‘extend to Texas the aid which the present emergency requires”—by'which the urder- signed suppores iw meant military aid, in repelling the an. ticipated invasion by Mexice—the obiigations thus incur. red ought to be, and he doubts not will be, observed by his | Sakstrresea The undersigned has taken ovcasion to re-examine the letters of the late General Murphy of the 14th of Februai last, and of Mr Calhoun, Secretary of State of the Uuited States, of the 11th of April ensuing ; he has also turned his attentiou to the letter of the Hon. John Nelson, Secre- tary of State ad interim, to General Murphy, of the 11th of March, 1844, and of the Hen. Isaac Van Zandt, of the 17th of January of the same year. The letter of the Hon. will be seen, limits very much, the assuran- ces given by the Hon. Mr. Murphy, and discloses in expli cit language the constitutional limitations under which the Executive of the United States must act in regard to the military power of the country. The question, then, is mainly leit to rest uponthe letter of the Hon. Mr. Van Zandt of the 17th of January, and the answer of Mr. Calhoun of the 11th of April, 1844 Van Zandt submits the following inquiry to the Secretary oi State (vir. Upshur): ‘Should the President of ‘Texas accede to the proposition of annexation, would the Presi- dent of the United States, after the signing of the treaty, and before it shall be ratified and ieceive the sanction of the other branches of both government in case Texas should desire it, or with her consent, order such number of military and naval forces of the United States to such necessary points or [onal upon the territory or borders of Texas, or the gulf of Mexico, as shall be’ sufficient to protect her against foreign oggression ?” Mr. Calhoun, after referring to the orders given to the naval and mili. tary forces, gives the assurance that, should the exigency arise during the ipeooency Of the treaty of annexation, the President would deem it his duty to use all the means laced within his power by the constitution to protect ‘exas from invasiov. The undersigned assures the honorab’e Seeretary of State of the disposition of his government to fulfil all her obligations to ‘I'exar, and of the deep interest felt both by the government and people of the United States in what- ever concerns her weltare ; to which be will edd his own anxious wish to preserve the most perfect faith towards both the government and people of Texas, But he is not able to perceive that an assurance given that the military power should be used, so far as it constitutionally might, to repel invasion during the pendency of the treaty, (to which alone both Mr. Cathoun and Mr. Van Zandt seem to have hed reference,) would raise an obligation on the President of the United States to interpose, by offording military aid to Texas on the present emergency. In communicating this opinion to the honorable Secre- tary of State, the nadersigned is hepPy, to know that he addresses one who is famuiar with the {undemental laws and government of the united States, which prescribe certain rules of ection for any pee functionary. Nevertheless, as the subject is one of great moment, and 8 entitled to the consideration of the government of the iUnited States, and as the facts commu.icated are import- aat, he will transmit a8 speedily as practicable this core respondence, with the accompanying documents, to his government, and aa ait her instructions. ‘The undersigned, with the most unfeigned pleasure takes this occasion to present to the Hon. Mr Jones the assurance of his distinguished consideration and esteem. T. A HOWARD. Hon. Anson Jones, Secretary of State of the Republic of Texas. Mr. Catnoun to Mr Swannon. Derantmnnt oF Stats, ‘Wanninaton, September 10, 1544. Sic—There can be no longer any doubt that Mexico in- tends to renew the war against Texas on a large scale, and tqcarry it on with more then savage ferocity. The Joon she hos authorised, and the expentive preparations see is making vy land and sea, are sufficient proofs of the former; and theorders of the ‘commander of the army of the north (General Wool), issued the 20th day of June lust, and the decree of Santa Anna, general of division aud provisional President of Mexico, on the 17th day of June, 1843, of the latter, The decree makes the general- in-chief of divisions of the army, and the commandant general of thecoast aud frontier, responsible for ite ex- uct fulfilment. It was under that rerpunsibility, it would seem, that General Woll, to whom the Texan frontier was assigned, issued his orcerof the 20th June. After announcing that the war was renewed against Texas; that all communications with it must ceuse; ond that every individual, of whatever condition, who may have communication with it, shall be cegarded a8 a traitor, and as such be punished according to the articies of war, the order unnounces, in its 3d article, that ‘‘ every individual who may be found at the distance of one 1 from the left bank of the Rio Bravo will be regarded as a fa- vorer and accomplice of the usurpers of that t of the national territory, and as a traitor to his coun try,” and, after arn military trial, ‘shall be pun. ed accordingly.” And in its 4th article it also states that every individual who may be embraced within the provisions of the preceding article, and may be sash onough to fly at the sight of any force be.onging tothe oaes, government, ‘shall be pursued until taken or put to death ” In what spirit tha decree of the 17th of June, which the order is intended exactly to fulfil, is to be executed, the fate of the aety under General Sentmanst, et Tobosco, affords an Ai ration. They were arrested under it, aud executed, without hearing or trial, ogeinst the indignant remonstrances of the French and Spanish ministers near the government of Mexico, who in vaia invoked the voice of humanity, the sacred obligations of the constitution, and the sanctity of treaties, in behalf of their countrymen who were executed under this illegal and bloody decree. It the decree itse'f was thus enforced, in time of peace, on the subjects of iriendly powers, and aguinat the re. monstrences of their ministers, some faint conception may be formed of the ferocious and devastating spirit in which the order of Gen. Woll is intended to be executed against the of Texas, and ell who may in any way aid their cause, or even have jcommunication with them. It was under a decree similar to thet of the 17th of June, 184%, acd issued oy the same authority on the 30th of October, 1835, but which was not so comprehensive in iw hea or so bloody and ferocious in its character, the cold blooded butchery of Fannin and his party, and other Texan prisoners, was ordered by Sunta Anna in his invasion of 1836. That decree was limited to forte me who should land at any port of Mexico, or arrive by land, being armed and having hostile intentions, or who should introduce arms and munitions of war, to be used at any place in rebellion, or placed in the hands of its enemies. As savage and out- rageous as its provisions were, the order of General Woll, intended to carry out that of Jane. 1343, soes far beyond. It embraces eveiy individual who may } : found east of a line drawn three miles east of the Rio des Norte, without distinction ot age or sex, foreigner or citizen, condition or vocation ; all of every description, whether they resist or surrender, are to be treated as traitors, and ali who fee are to be shot down. The war is intended, in short, to be one of utter extirpation. All that breathe are to be de- stroyed or driven out, and Texas left a desolate waste ; ‘and so proclaimed to the world by Mexico, in advance ot her Pro jected invasion. ‘The first question which presents itself for considere- tion on this statement of facts, is, sholl itand by, and witness in silence the tenewal vf the war by Mexico, and its prosecution in this blood-thirsty and desolating spirit 7 In order to answer it fully and satisfactorily, it will be necessary to inquire first into her object for renewing the war at this time. There can be but one—and that ia, to defeat the annexa tion of Texas to our Union. She knows full well that the rejection of the treaty has but postponed the question of annexation. She knows that Congress adjourned without finally disposing of it ; that it is now pending before both houses, and actively canvassed before the (aged through. out the wide extent of our Union ; and that it will in all probability be decided in its favor, unless it should be de- feated by some movement exterior to thecountry. We would be blind not to see thut she proposes to effect it by the projected invasion, either by conquering and subject- ing T'exasto ber power, or by forcing her to withdraw the proposition ior annexation, and to form commercial and political connections with some other povver less conge- nial to her feelings and favorable to her independence, and more threatening to her and our permanent welfare and safety. Of the two, the latter is much the more pro. bable. She once attempted conquest, but signally failed although the attempt was made under the leed of her most skillful and renowned general, at the head of a well-ap- pointed army, consisting ef her best disciplined ard bravest troops, avd while Texas was yet in her infancy, without a government, almost without means, and with an inconsiderable population. With thi example before her she can scarcely hope to succeed now, under a leader of kill and renown, and when Texas nas settled down ‘a well established government, and has so greatly ‘a means and population. It is possible she may run; butto expect to hold her in subjection, with her present povulation and means, at the distance of more than twelve hundced miles trom the ot Mexico, with a ditticult intermediate country, demitute ino great do gree of resources, would be extreme folly. The very at tempt wou!d exhaust her means, and leave her prestrated No! the alternative isto drive out the inhabitants and desolate the couatry, or force her into some foreign and unnatural alliance ; and this, the ferocious and savage order of General Woll show: well understood by Mex ico, arglis, in reality, the object of her policy, Shall we stand by, and permit it to be ci d thereby defeat a meassure long cherished, and indis- le alike to the safety and welfare of the United nd ‘Texas? No measure of polley, hos been more steadily orlonger pursued, and that by both ef the great parties into which the Union is divided. Msny belicved that Texas was embraced in the cession of Louisiana, and was improper.y,it not uncoustitutionally, surrendered by the treaty of Florida in 1819, Under that yn, and the general convictio: a importance to the ty and nexation has been an object of constant pursuit ever since. It was twice attempted to acquire it during the administration of Mr. Adams—once in 1825, easly after he came into power, and sgain in 1927. It was thrice attempted under the administration of jummated, hia successor, (General Jackson)—first in 1829, imme diately after he came into power; ogain in 1933; and finally in 1836, just before Texas declared her indepen- xation dence, Texas herselt made a proposition for in 1¢37, at the commencement of Mr. Van Bure istration, which he declined—not, however, on the round of opposition to the policy of the ‘measure. ‘he United Statea.had previously acknowledged independence, and the example has since been followed by France and Great Britain. ‘Ihe latter, soon after her recognition, began to adopt a line of policy in reference to Texas, which has given greatly increased importance to the measure of annexation, by making it still more essential to the safety and welfare both of her and the United S.ates. | F Policy, aati Waererdent.cheieved and. established img promptly in order to prevent the defeat of the mea- sure, the present alminisiration invited Texas to renew the propesition for ann: xation, which had been declined by its predecessor. It w ‘cepted; and, as has been ted, is now pending, The question recurs, shall we stand by quietly, and permit Mexico to defeat it, without makihg an effort to oppose her? Shall we, after this long and continued effort to annex Texas, vow, whon the measure is about to be consummated, allow Mexi-0 to put it aside, perhops forever? Shall the “golden op portunity” be lost, never again to return ? Shall we per mit Texas, for having accepted an invitation, tendered her at a critical moment to join us, and consummate a mea- sure essential to their and our permanent peace, welfare, and safety, to be desolated, her inhabitants to be butcher ed, or driven cut; or, in oider to avert so great a calami- ty, to be forced, against her will, into a strange alliance, which would terminate in producing lasting hostilities between her and us, to the permanent injury, and perhaps the ruin, of both? ‘The President has fully and deliberately examined the subject, and has come to the conclusion that honor and humanity, as well as the welfare and safety of both ccun- triva, Jorbid it ; and that it is his duty, during the recess of Congress, to vse all his constitutional means in oppori. tion to it; leaving that body, when it assembles, to de- cide on the course which, in its opinion, it would be pio. per for the government to adopt. In accordance with this conclusion, the President would be compelled to regard the invasion of Texas by Mexico, while the question of annexation is pending, as high: ly offensive to the United States. He entertains no doubt that we had the right to invite her to re- new the proposition for unnexation; and she as an independant state, had, a right to accept it with ont consulting Mexico or asking her leave. He regards Texas in every bi ym independent as Mexico, and as competent to transfer the whole or part of Texas, as she would be the whole or part of Mexico. To g back : under the constitution of 1824, Texas and Coshuila were members of the federation formed by the United States of Mexico ; Texas, with Coahuila, forming one State, with the right guarantied to 2exas, by the consti- tution, to form a separate State as soon as her penis would’ permit. The several States remained eqaal in rights, and equally independent of each other, until 1836, when the constitution waa subverted by the military, and all the States which dared to resist were subjugated by force except Texas. She stood up mantully and bravely in defence of her rights and independence, which she glo Hously and successfully asserted on the battle ground of San Jacinto in 1936, and has ever since maintained. The constitution of 124 made her independent, and her valor and her sword have maintained her so. She has been acknowledged to be #o by three of the leading powers of Christendom, and regarded by all as such, except Mexico herself, Nor has she ever stood, fin relation to Mexico, a3 a rebellious department or province, struggling to obtain independence aiter throwing off her yoke: much less as that of a band of jawless intruders and usurpera, without government or political existence, ‘as Mexico would have the world to believe. The true relation between them is that of independent members of t, but now subverted by force; the uccessfully resisted, under fearful the stronger to conquer and subject her it isin that ght we regard her; end in that we hud a right to invite her to renew the proposition for annexation, and to treat with her for admission into the Union, without giving any just offence to Mexico, or violating any obligation by treaty, or otherwise, between us and her. Nor will our honor, any more than our wel- fire and safety, permit her to atteck Texos while the question of annexation is pending. If Mexice has thought proper to take offence, itis we, who invited a renewel of the proposition, and not she, who accepted it, that ought to be held responsible; and we, as the responsible paity, cannot, without implicating our hovor, permit another to suff-r in our place. Entertaining these views, Mexico would make a great mistake if she should suppose that the President would regard with in tifference the renewal ofthe war which she has proclaimed against Texas. Our honor and our interests are both involved. But another, anda still more elevated consideration, would forbid him to look on with indifference. Asstrong a4 are the objections to the renewal of the war, those to the manner in which it is to be conducted are still more so, It honor and interest forbid atame acquiescence in the renewal of the war, the voice of humanity cries aloud against the manner of conducting it, All the world have an interest that the rules and usages of war, as establish- ed between civilized nations in modern times, should be respected, and are in duty bound to resist their violation, endo eo them preserved. In this case, that duty is pre- eminently ours. Weare neighbors; the nearest to the soeees of the proposed atrocities ; most competent to judge, from our proximity ; and, for the same reason, en- abled more readhy to interpose. For the same reoson, also, our sympathy would be more deeply wounded by viewing the mingled scenes of misery which would pre- sent themselves on all sides, and hearing the groans of the suffering ; not to mention the dangers to which we would be exposed, in consequence, on a weak and distant frontier, with numerous and powerfal bands of Indians in its vicinity. If anything can add to the atrocity with which it is proclaimed the war will be waged, itis the bold fiction, regardless of the semblance of truth, to which the govern ment of Mexico has resorted, in order to give color to the decree of June, 1843, and the orders of General Woll Finding noching in the conduct of the athe or peo- ple of ‘Texas to justify their bloody and \erocious charac ter, it has assnmed, in wording them, that there is no such government or community as Texas ; thi to be found there are lawless intru without politics istence, who may rightlu os a gang of pirates, outcasts from 9 ty, and, as such, not entitied to the protection of the laws of nations or hu- manity. In this essumption it obstinately persists, in spite cf the well-known and (excepting the government ef Mexico) the fee he aig beraedghiee fact, that the colo- nists of 'exaa, instead of being intruders end usurpers, were invited to setile there—first, under a grant by the Spanish authority to Moses Austin, which was ofterwards confirmed by the Mexican oer, ; and, subsequently, by similar grants from the State of Texas Coahuila, which it was authorised to issue by the constitution of 1924,— 0 no further They came as invited guests ;--not invited for their own inteveste, but for those of Spain and Mexico ; to protect @ weak and helpless province from the rava ing tribes of Indians ; to improv Bake that valuable which was betore worthless. Ail this the difficulty, which nothing but American ora severance could overceme ; not only uni but in despite of the impediments caused by her interfe- rence. assumed to be by the government of Mexico, these invited colonists became, in a few years, a constituent portion of the members of ‘the Mexican union, and proved them- selves to be the descendants of a free and hardy race, by the bravery and energy with which they met the subverters of the constitution of 1824, and successfully preserved their independence. the: establishing ready obedience to laws of their the ‘influence of these causes, they have enjoyed peace and secunt protected by equui laws, have widely extended the limits of culti try. Itis such a people, living under a free and well-esta- biden has found rest’ forthe last eight years—who havefbeen ecoguised an introduced mil alawless banditti, and against whom, as such, she hi proclaimed a war of extermination, forgetful of their ex- al invamon, they spared the forfeited dered, Fonninand his brave associates, regardless of plighted faith. The g its bold fictions world. It willbe judged and held responsible, not b; what it may choose to regard os facts, and to a such, but what are in reality facts, known and leéged by all, eave herself. reference to the renewal of the war, after so lon; | povdore and under existing circu a be conducted. without delay, to the proper department of the Mexicen g-vernment, a communication, in which you will state the views entertained by him in reference to the renewal ofthe war while the qiestion of annexation is pending, and the manner in which it is inteaded to be conducted ; and te protest against both, in strong language accompa. nied by declarations that the President cannot revard them with indifference, butas highly offensive to the Uni- ted States. ration made to the Mexican Secretary b affairs, in announcing the conclusion of the treaty,— that ‘he measure was adopted in no spirit of hostility to Mexico ; and that, if annexation should be consummated the United States will be prepared to adjust all questions growin. out of it, including that of boundary, on the most i government of Tex treaty obligations of and harmony among the several Indian nations who inhe- bit the lands adjacent to the lin the boundaries of the two countries, and to restrain, by force, all hostilities end incursions on the part of the In- dian nations living within our bounda should, upon examination, consider the ent to warrant such application, to meke req on either or all of the commandants of the forces at Forts Jesup, Towson ond Washita, for such tions of their respective commands as may be deem. ed necessery for the purpose, to be marched and stationed at such with the Texan authorities, deem best adapted to secure the object or, if requested by the government of Texas, within its limits, it being understood that the objects are limited to the fulfilment of our treaty stipulations, (conrrpenriaL J of wander. cultivate, and render roductive, wild and almost uninhabited wastes ; and to effected at great costs, and with much danger and ‘and per- Mexico, Tostead of a lawleas gang of adventurers, as they are ‘This done, ill higher proof of their descent by ise and free institutions, and yielding own enacting. Under ve a ; while ther industry and energy, tion and improvements over their beautiful conu- ed government, and on whose soil “ no hostile foot ‘one of its members into the has undertaken to treat of nations—that Mexi when, during the former ives of him who or. , and those who butchered, in cold blood, the heroic ed and generous humanity, ment of Mexico may delude itselt by but it cannot delude the rest of the n Such are the views which the President entertains in a aus. ances, aud the bar- rociaimed it will ingly, to add: mannerin which itis e instructs you, acco! rous and blood: You are also instructed to renew the decla- our charge beral terms. 1 AM, Sif, respectfully, your obedient orvent, J.C, CALHOUN. Wirson SHannon, &c. Onpens OF Genxnat Wow (Referred to in the instructions of Mr. Calhoun to Mr. Shannon of the 10th of September, 1844.) Heapquantens or tHe Aumy or THE NortH, Mien, June 20, 1814, J, Adrian Woll, general of brigade, &c., make known :— 1. ‘The armistice agreed en with the department of ‘Texas having expired, and the war being, in consequence, recommenced against the inhabitants o1 that department, all communication with it ceases. ‘ 2. Every individual, of whatever condition, who may contravene provisions of the preceding article, shall be regarded as a traitor, avd shall receive the punishment prescribed in article 45, title 10, treatise 8, of the articles of war. y 3. Every individual who may be found at a distance of one league from the ‘eft bank of the Rio Bravo, will be regarded as a favorer and accomplice of the usurpers of that pert of the national territory, and as a troitor of his country ; and, after a summary military trial, shall re- ceive the said punishment. wale 4, Every individual who may be comprehended within the provisions of the preceding article, and may berash enough to fly at the sight of any force belonens to the Supreme Government, shall be pursued until taken or out to ceath. 4. In consideration of the situation of the towns of La- reda and Santa Rita de Ampndia, as well as of all the farm houses beyoud the Rio Bravo, in which rem terests of the inhabitantssof the line com charge, Ihave this day received from the Supreme Gov- erntacnt orders to determine the manner by which those interests are to be protected ; but, unui the determination of the Supreme Government be received, | warn all those he are beyond the limits here api to bring them within the line, or to abandon them ; a8 these wo diso- bey this order will infallibly suffer the punishment here eatablished. ADRIAN WOLL. oF THE Mexican Government, verced to in the instructions of Mr. Calhoun to Mr. Shannon, of 10th of September, 1644, Derantment Wax anp Manine, National Paleee; Mexico, June 17, 1843, } I, Antonio Lopez deSanta Anna, beneme ito of the coun- try, General of Division, ‘and Provisional Prasident of the Mexican Republic, hereby make knowa to the people, tl Considéting the criminal and detestable abuse which hos been, and is now, committed by many foreigners, be- longing, for the most part, to nations in peace and friend- ship with Mexico, in usw ping its territory, invading it with arma, in fighting the troops of the republic, in rob- bing property; and committing other acts of violence worthy of hordes of bunditti and pirates out of the pale of the laws cf nations ; and that the time has at length come to put an end to these eviis and villanies, by exer- cising the rights and employing the forces used by na tions in such cases, inasmuch as the same persons, whom the government has pardoned through its generosity and clemency, have returned to try their fortune by commit. ting new bcs beets for the advancement of their nefari- ous ends:—1 have resolved, for the good cf the nation, in order to preserve it from the attacks of such adven- turers, and to prove the firmness with which | uphold the rights’ of the republic, to cause the following urticles to be observed, which I have decreed in virtue of the 7th ripe of the Bases of Tacubaya, sanctioned by the na- tion :— Antics 1. TM future, no quarter shall be granted to any foreigner who invades the fbrritory of the republic on his own account, whether he be accompanied in his enterprise by a few or by miny adventurers ; and even if hedo so ostensibly h the pretext of protecting ci discords, in which a political object is set forth ; and a such persons, taken with arms in their hands, shoil be immediately ‘put to death. This punishment shall be in ted on ali foreigners, from whatsoever eountry ; be- as Mexico is at | nations,every one who on his own individual if outof the protection of responsibility, and places himsel existing treaties. Arr. 2. The Generals-in-chief of the divisions of the army, the Command nte-general of the coast and srontier departments, and any other military authority whatso- ever, who may take a foreigner in the act of invading our territory, or promoting civil war with arms in hand, shall be responsible for the most exact fulfilment of thi andthe penalty for non-complisnce with it of employment on the part of the person r ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SA? Jose Mansa Tonner, Secretary ef War and Marine. Mr. Catnoun to Ma. Donsnson. Derantment or State, } Washington, Sept. 17, 1844." § Sin: Annexed hereto is a copy of a despatch recently forwarded to the late Charge de Affaires of the United States to Texas, which, should you accept the appoint- ment co ferred on you by the Presieent, will be regarded asitdirected to yourself. The package containing the original, and other papers, was delivered to Lieut. George Stevens, who, asa special messenger, was instructed to deliver it into the hands of the Charge, Gen. Howard. It is not improbable that owing to the untimely death of General Howard and the absense of any representative of the United State e ceut o the Government of Texas, Ste- vens may return it to this department. To obviate the in- convenience whi*h might ar e from such a state of things, [forward herewith a copy of thedespatch nnd eccornpany ing papers. ‘i ince the date of the despatch to Mr. Howard, informa- tion hes been received at this department, throngh Mojor Butler, agent for the Cherokee Indians, thet Mexican cmissories, or agents of the Mexican government, are em- ployed in instigating the Indian tribes on ovr southwest. ern froutler to acts of hostility #gainst our citizens, and those of Texas, residing in their respective neighbor- hoods. This, if true, is in direct violation of the aay of amity between the two countries, of the Othef April, 1981 ; a printed copy of which I herewith forward to yon, calling your attention, at the same time, to its 334 article. bt as to the correcta fajor Butler you, in case the 0 you to fulfil the ites, to maintain peace There seem: be but litt ind rivers which form 5 and if 0 sition por ints as you may, on consultation t~-either within the limits of the United States, T herewith enclose copies of the orders which have been issued by the proper department to the several officers in command at the a pal posts, to comply with your requisition. tn tions, to leave a sutticient fores to protect them and the gers to which, in your judgment, they may be expored, You will teke care, in making the requiei- the respective mMrions blic property ogainat the don: Lam, sir, with high respect, your obedient servant, J, ©, CALHOUN, To A. J, Donerson, Esq , ke. A. Acsutant Genenat’s Orrice, ¢ Washington, Sept.17, 1844. 5 Sin—The general-in-chief ‘Teceived instructions, thi h the Department of State, from hold to march in case The United States charge d’affaires residing near the go- pp pe it os deetorestrain any hostile incursion on the part of the border Indians, as required by the provisions ot existing treaties. You will please take such preliminary measures may be deemed necessary to putthe greater forest under your command, designated above, for the above purpose, at shert notice. [conrienriat ] through the Department of Stat hold nit #on and Washica, ready to march, in case of a requisi- tion being made by the United States charge d'affaires re- siding near the government of Tex: in our limits, or those,of Texas, ax signat of existin, upon Forts Towson and company at each of thone luded to, brea! command the United States forces placed in the field, and who will receive hence further instructions for his government. = Sram yw between the jabine vin of a riquisition being made by int within our limits, or jo such ge may designate, in or- as of the in merch Should the apprehended hostilities with the Indians alluded tofpreak out, an officer of rank (probably your- self) will be sent tocommand the United laced in the field, and who will receive hence further I have the honor to be Sir, your obedient servant, L. THOMAS, Assist. Adj. Gen. Communding ist dept. Fort Jessup, La.. instructions for his government. Brig. Gen, Z.Tavton, B Avivrant Genenar’s Orrice, Washington, Sept. 17, 1844. Sin—The general in-chief has received instructions. from the Executive, to 8 troops within your department, at Forts Tow- 0 such point with- ¢ charge may de- , in order to restrain any hostile incursion on the the Yd Indians, as required by the provisions treaties. please take such preliminary measures as may art of You wi be deemed necessary to put those troops in march for the above purpose at short notice. It is understood that rp Mea ag | that may be made ‘asnita will leave at least one ts to guard the same. Shonld the apprehended hostilities with the Indians al Pout, an officer of rank will be sent to Ihave the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, L. THOMAS, Assist. Adjt.Gen. Brig. Gen. M. Ansvcxte, ‘Commanding 2d dept., Fort Smith, Arkansas. [Copy ofa despatch from Mr. Calhoun to Mr. Howerd, relerred to in his letter to Mr. Donelson of the 17th of September, 1844.) ee peer ba ‘ashington, September 10, 1644. Your despatch (No. 1) transmitted through Gen. Taylor, enclosing a ary Be your correspondence with the Secretary of State of the republic of Texas, has been Jaid before the President who hes given to it that delibe- rate contideration which its importance claims, He approves of the construction which you placed on the letter of Mr. Nelson, acting Secretary of State ad in- tertm, Ww mr. Murphy ) end on mina to Mr. Van Zandt, in relation to the assurances to which the Texan Secretery ot State refers in his letter, to which yours is a A fod But he instructs you to assure the government of Texas that he feels the full force ef the obligation of this govern- ment to protect Texas, pending the question of annexa- tion, against the attacks which Mexico may make on her in consequence of her acceptance of the propentign of this government to open negociations on the subject of annexating Texas to the United States. As far asit re- latesto the Executive department, he is prepared to ute all i wers for that purpose. But the government of ‘Texas is fully aware that they are circumscribed by the constitution within narrow limits, which it would not be possible for the President to transcend. All that he can do is, to make suitable representations to the Mexican government egainst the renewal of the war pending the the question of annexation, and the e menner in which it is proposed te conduct it, accompanied by appr priste protests und indications of the feelings wit be regards both 1 to recommend Congress to adopt measures to repel uny attack which may be made. In the execution of the first, a communication (& copy of which is enclosed) has been addressed to our mini in Mexico, and forwarded to him by a ial messenger, which, it is to be hoped, will not be without effect in ar- reating ber hostile movements. You will give a copy of it to the Texan government, and you will assure it that, when Congress meets, the President will recommend the adoption of measures to protect ‘T'exas effectually against the attacks of n.exico pending the question of annexation. He hopes that these measures will prove satisfactory to the government of Texas, and that no serious invasion will be attempted, at least, before the meeting of Con- Bra: re < Tenclose a cepy ofa despatch to our minister at Paria, which you may show to President Housten and the Secre- tary of State. “It will doubtieds be satisfactory to them to learn that France is not disposed, in any event, to take = hostile attitude in reference to annexation. A despatch, of asubsequent date to the one to which the enclosed isan answer, gives.8 conversation between Mr. Guizot and our minister, equally satisfactory as that with tee se. He stated, in reply to a question on the part of our ster, that Froncened notegrecd to unite with England in a protest ogainst annexation. am happy to add, in conclusion, that the indications of public sentiment are highly favorable to the cause of an- nexation, and that we may now look forward with mach confidence, te the consummation of that great measure at no distent period. | am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, J.C. CALHOUN, To Tilghman A. Howard, &c., &e., &c. Ca.moun to Mr. King. Derantment or State, ’ ‘Washington , August 12, 1844.5 Sin—I have laid your despatch No. 1, betore the Presi- dent, who instructs meto make known to you that he has read it with much pleasure, especially the portion wh’ch relates to oo cordial reception by the xine. and his assurance of Beaty feelings towards the United States. The President in particular highly appreciates the declaration of the King, that inno event would any steps be taken by his \Eiersdn ey wthe slightest ree hostile, or which would give to the United States just cause of complaint. It wos the more gratifying from the fact that our previous information was culculates to make the impression that the government of France was pre- pared to unite with Great Britain in a joint protest the annexation of Texas, anda joint effort to induce her government to withdraw the proposition to annex, on condition that Mexico should be made to acknwledge her independence. He is happy to infer from your des- patch that the information, as far as it relates to France, a, in all probability, wi 4 a further than you ought in assuring the King that the object of annexation would be pursued with una- bated vigor, ond in giving your opinion that a decided snity ofthe American people were in its favor, and thas it would certeialy be annexed at no distant ‘day. { feel confident that your anticipation will be fully re- alized at no distant period. Every day willtend to weaken that combination o1 political causes which led to the op- position of the measur to strengthen the conviction that it was not only expedient, but just and necessary. You were right in making the distinction between the interest of France and Englend in reference to Texas— or rather, | would say, the epparent interests of the two countries. France cennot possibly have any other than commercial interest in desiring to see her preserve her separate independence ; while it is certain England beyond, to political interests, to which she apparently attaches much importance. But, in our opinion, the in- bagainst the measure is more geen and that neither Fronce, England, ner even Mexico herself, has ony in opposition to it, when the subject is fairly viewed and considered in its t and in wil its bearin; s viewed and ing that p ch re objects of primary eems to me, be 'readil Even 4 of those powers which would acquiese in & measure so strongly desired by both the United States and Texas, for their mutual welfare safety he annexation of the latter to the former, would be far more promotive of these great objects then that which would attempt to resist it. It is impossible to cast a Jook at the map of the United States and Texas, and to note the long, artificial, and im- convenient line which divides them, and then to take into consideratien the extraordinary increase of popula- tion and growth of the former, and the source from which the latter must derive its inhebitants, institutions and laws, without coming to the conclusioa that it is their destiny to be united, and, of course, that annexation is mere!y a question of time and mode. Thus regarded, the question to be decided would seem to be, whether it would not be better to permit itto be done now, with the mutttal consent of both perties, and the acquiescence of these powers, then to attempt to resist and defeat it. It the former course be adopted, the certain fruits would be the prerervation of peace, great extension of commerce by the rapid rettlement and improvement of ‘Texas, ond in- creased security, especially to Mexico. inre- ference to Mexico, may be doubted; but | hoi it not less clear than the other two, It would be a great mistake to sy that this govern- ment has ony hostile feeling towards Mex co, or any dis- position to aggrendize iteelt at her expense. The fact is the very reverse. It wit meres well, bk desires td, fee tiled on nd sgourits ie red, in the event of the n of Texas,’ if not Kreca into confiict with her, to pro; tu settle with her the question of boundary and all others growing out of the anuexation, on the moat liberal terms. Nature herself has clearly marked the boundary between her ond Texas by netural limits too strong to be mistaken. There are few countries whose limita ore so distinctly marked ; it would be our de- sire, if Texas should be united to us, to see them firmly ee tablished, asthe most certain meaus of estsblishing per- manent peace between the two countries, and strength- ening end cementing their friendship. Such woul be the certain consequence of permitting tl nexation to tek: ce now, with the acquiescence of Mexico; very different would be the case if it should be attem t and defeat it, whether the attempt be enccessful for the pretentor net. Any attempt of the kind would, not improbably, lead to a conflict between us Mexico, and involve consequences, in reference to her eral peace, long to be deplored on all sides, and difficult to be repaired. But should thet not be the case, and the interference ot enother power defest the r the present, without the interruption of peacs id but postpone the conflict, and render it ore fierce and bloody whenever it might occur. Ite at wonld be attrituted to enmity and embition on the of that power by whore interference it was occa- ‘ed, and excite deep jealousy and resentment on the part of our people, who would be ready to seize the first favorable opportunity to effect by force, what pre- vented from g done peaceably by mutual consent. It is not difficult to see how greatly such a conflict, come commerce, with them