The New York Herald Newspaper, November 25, 1844, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. New York, Monday, November 25, 1844. We gave yesterday a very ample resumé of the interesting intelligence brought from Europe by the last, , compre! ing chiefly the com- merci), domestic, theatrical and other ‘Matters. We give to-day a number of additional extracts equally interesting h those published on the preceding day, and ich illustrate the course of events iu the old world in relation to politics, liter- ature, society and every thing else. Europe is very quiet at the present time. France and England are in a state of perfect repose—al- most in the embraces of each other. Not only do the sovereigns of these two countries visit and revi- sit each other, but their subjects,taking the cue from their rulers,are enabled, by meansof the greatly in- creased facilities of travel,aflorded by the improve- ments in railroads and steam navigaticn, to make themseves better acquainted with each other, and to indulge in social intercourse. In fact the introduc- tion of steam power and its application to naviga- tion and to locomotion on railroads,is changing the whole face of society in Western Europe, and in- deed throughout the world. Peace reignsin Franee and Eugland. Trade appears to be very good, and there is a good deal of work for the operatives, and on this depends in a great degree the domesuc tranquillity of both these countries. The only thing that appears to disturb the nerves of the privileged classes across the water, and equally affecting the sensibilities of all those be- low them, to the base of the pyramid of society, is tbe progress of the United States—the growth of the iaodel republic—the mighty power both, so- cial and political, which is now generating in this western hemisphere—and the extraor- dinary influence which this vast community ot independent States is gradually acquiring over the public imimd of the whole civilized earth. Hence we see springing from motives ot jealousy thus awakened, all those petty complaints about the repudiating States—all those ill-natured criti- cisms on every local outbreak in this republic and those ridiculous efforts by the clubs of London to taboo Americans because they happen to belong to @ great nation, some of the members of which have failed to pay their debts. We are very glad that the clubs of London have black-balled the Americans. It will keep our ‘‘natives” outof bad company. But in the midst of all the apparent prosperity which we see in England and France there isa vol- cano barning underneath the outer crust of society. The movements in this country in relation to the Texas and Oregon questions and other matters may bring things to a crisis between the two countries sooner than many imagine. In such a state of things, it is the duty of this country to look at the state of their naval force and their naval resources in contrast with those of Eagland and France. Look at the immense naval resources those two countries possess in their steamships! What have we to contrast with them in this respect? Nothing. It were well, therefore, for the people and govern- ment of the United States to look to this. Let every due precaution be taken and every necessary preparation made, so that in any emergency we may be abl®to vindicate our interests and honor, maintain our position, and secure against any in- terruption our progress amongst ‘he nations of the world. Tue Texas Question in Texas.—We publish- ed yesterday in an abstract of recent news from ‘Texas, a very important statement relative to the relations between Mexico and Texas. It appeare that Santa Anna has written to President Houston, stating the willingness of the Mexican Government to recognize the Independence of Texas, provided the latter remains independent,and avoids any con- nexion withthe United States. It is highly proba- ble that this proposal is the result of a movement pro. duced by the joint influence,ot Exgland and France, in reference to this ques:ion, England and France are both undoubtedly opposed to annexation, ar various indications of their sentiments, expressed both in the public journals and in the course of their diplomatic movements, warrant us to believe We have no doubt that every effort will be made in a diplomatic way, both with Texas and exico to prevent the annexation. The news of the recent Presidential election will, when it reaches England, stimulate the govern- ment of that country to increased energy in the work of defeating, if possible, the success of the project of uniting Texas to this republic. If, then, England and France can hold out suffi- cient inducements to prevail on Texas remaining separate and independent, there is at once en end of the question ia this country. Of course, in such a case, itis of no consequence what the Pre- sident says, or Congress proposes, if Texas hersel! is induced to withdraw from the field. TueoLdcicat Excrrement.—The lectures of Dr Pise, at the elegant church dedicated to St. Peter, have created quite a theological excitement in thir city. Last night the church was densely crowded, and probably one-third of the audience consisied of Protestantsof various denominations. This has been chiefly owing to the interest excited by the publication of Dr. Pise’s first lecture in this journal The Doctor contioued, in last night's lecture, the argument in defence of the dogma of praying to the Saints. We have a full report of the lecture, and as it is curious, we shall give it in to-morrow’s paper at length, accompanying it with some re- marks on this really interesting subject. The conduct of the audience was in general ex- emplary and proper in the highest degree, but we noticed a few instances of a levity which was ex- ceedingly unbecoming. One individual, we particu- larly noticed, a Broadway lounger, with a very plebeian face and ‘‘ brass barnacles,” and accom- panied by a giddy young female, who con- ducted himself in a manner exceedingly unbecom- ing a place to which he was so evidently unaccus- tomed, and much to the annoyance and pitying contempt of those around him. Curious Srate or Inisu Arrars.—We give in this day’s paper two very curious letters or mani- festoes, which throw a great deal of interesting light on the present condition of affairs amongst the Irish Repealers on the other side of the Atlan- tic. “Young Ireland”—an influence which has started into existe within the last year or two, and embraces much of the youthful talent, energy and patriotism of the green isle—is, it appears be- coming a little restive. O'Connell will, indeed, find it a difficult matter to keep these fiery allies in the traces. His old dupes of the Repeal Assoc tion are now getting into a disorganized state, and it is of small importance with what measure of success he humbugs them. But with * Young Ire- land” it is a different matter. This new influence may, indeed, be destined to do something towards the liberation of their country. At all events, they give good promise of continuing the agitation, in spite even of the schemes of O'Connell. ‘Tut Battaxe System.—We have just heard of another very curious case, developing the character of the bailing system in this city, It seems that two of the persons recently engaged in the pnblica- tion of a sheet called the “ Republic’—Wikofl and Doyle—were indicted for an atrocious libel on some private individual. A bench-warrant was is- sued for their arrest, and they accordingly went before the Jadge, and became buil for each other—Wikofl bailing Doyle in $200, and Doyle bailing Wikoff ina like sum. Both happen to be in the same indictment. A curious enough illus. tration of the bail system, of which we recently heard ao much! Ausany Boats.—Hereatter, till further notice, two steariers will leave here at 4 P. M., and two moP. M. New Yort Evection.~-We have now before us the entire official returns of the late election in the State of New York, and are able to give the sum- mary of results to our readers, as follows :— Wright's majority in the whole ‘Stato, oficial, i toe Diffwrence in favor of Wright,» Aggqéaats vote for Miah. Wright more than Polk. . for 5 Fillmore less than Clay... Aggregate Abolition vote. Aggregate vote for President. on “Governor, Excess for Governor, . ‘The first thing that strikes us on inspecting this table, is the great disparity betweenthe majority of Mr. Polk and that of Mr. Wright. The difference in favor of Mr. Wright amounts to 4,750, Mr. Polk’s majority in the State amounting to 5,280, whilst Mr. Wright’s is 10,080. The inquiry here naturally atises—what has produced thie disparity ? To what has it been owing? How is it to be ex- plained 1, We have seen some elaborate efforts in several of the democratic papers, endeavoring to explain this subject in a manner quite different to that in which we would explain it, Our expla- nation is that the defection from the ranks of Mr. Polk, which might have been fatal to him, in this State, was owing to the private influ- ence of the friends of Mr. Van Buren, who were represented by the Evening Post, and who were chagrined in consequerce of that gentleman be- ing thrown overboard atthe Baltimore Convention. This explanation has been very indignantly rejec- ted by some of the democratic papers, tor fear of itsinflience on the mind of Mr. Polk on his ad- vent in Wasaington, These papers endeavor to make out that the disparity in the vote was owing to the greatly superior popularity of Mr. Wright to that of Mr. Fillmore, and also the accession of a number of whigs to the ranks of the democratic candidate for Governor, on the ground of certain principles of State policy. Possibly these consi- deratiens are worthy of account, but we still ad- here to the original opinion that the discrepancy was produced by the private efforts of personal friends of Mr. Van Buren,,and we are quite con- vinced that had the election inthe State of New York been very close on the Presidential ticket, Mr. Polk would have lost the State and the Presi- dency. We are, indeed, more and more satisfied than ever that one of the principal influences which se- cured the election was that exerted by the friends of Calhoun and Cass in reference to the ‘ native” voters here. Of this, we think, there can be no doubt. ‘We happen to know all the facts of the movement—the originators of it—every thing con- nected with it, and we are decidedly of opinien that it was the intention of the special and confidential friends of Mr. Van Buren to defeat Mr. Polk’s election in this State, and therefore defeat his election to the Presidency, whilst they secured that of Mr. Wright. If they can prove the contrary, we are very willing to believe it. But we want to see the proofs. Caninet or Mr. Potx.—This subject now en- Srosses the attention of all the political speculators of the day. It is,indeed, a very interesting and important subject. The selection of the Cabinet will enable us to form a tolerably accurate conjec- ture as to the character of the policy which the administration will pursue on several important questions, Some suppose that Mr. Calhoun will be retained. No doubt the friends of that great statesman will endeavor to eflect that, but we think it is very doubtful if Mr. Polk willacquiesce. Strenuous efforts are already made to operate on the mind of Mr. Polk through General! Jackson’s influence, so as to defeat the retention of Mr. Calhoun in the cabinet; and not- withstanding the rumor in Washington, that Mr. Calhoun will be retained, we doubt it very much. Atall events, the great contest has commenced be- tween the northern and southern sections of the democracy in these matters, and the movements, private and confidential, between this time and the 4th of March next, will be of the most curious and startling character. i Lawyers ano Witnessgs.—We have observed during the last few days several reports under our Police and Sessiens head of a case before the lat- ter court in referance to Mr. John A. Monroe, grow- ing out of some profession) conduct en the part of Mr. Charies O’Conor during a trial before another court some time ago. Our reporter appears to view this matier in ciiogether a different light from what we do, taking a comprehensive view of the whole question. We do not know exactly all the details of this particular case, but we know very well that there has been of late years a practise amongst a certain class of lawyers in this city, which would certain- ly be more honored in the breach than in the ob- servance—a practice which has been indulged in to an intolerable extent—we allude to the inso- lent and outrageous manner in which the feelings of witnesses and parties are lacerated during the trial of causes in the various courts. About twenty years ago, when Thomas Addis Emmett, Martin Wilkins, and John Welles were the leading spirits ot the New York bar, a gentlemanly feeling and an amenity of manner, characterized the demeanor of counsel in all proceedings before the courts, which have been entirely disregarded of late, in consequence of the introduction of men to practice at the bar, who are altogether destitute of the feel- ings or acquirementsof agentleman. On many oc- casions of late, we have heard the most atrocious and insulting language applied by counsel in their pleadings, not only to the parties before the court, but often to others not at all implicated in the case fn such cases, the sensitive feelings of honorable men being strongly wrought upon, may impel them to inflict summary chastisement on the offender; and probably this was the origin of the breach of the peace in the case of young Mr. Monroe. At all events, without going into the merits of this particular case, which we really do net know in all their details, we are constrained to think that there was a degree of severity exercised towards Mr. Monroe by the decision of the Court of Ses- sions, which has been very properly reviewed by the seme authority, It is more than probable that had the offender been one of the rowdies attached to any of the political fighting-clubs of New York, whose business it is to create riot and disorder, such a sudden and severe sentence would hardly have been passed without a prodigious effort origi- nating from various quarters to eave its subject. From Port av Prince.—The Hayti,Captain Cur- tis, arrived last night from Portau Prince. The go- vernment, when the Hayti leit, was perfectly tran- quil. The President arrived at Portau Prince on the 4th inst. from the north, with his army, said to be five thousand strong. The markets were dull, ana American provisions low; coflee scarce, and coming inslowly. The port healthy. Tus Ectirse tast Niant.—The cold of last night was intense, so as to keep the different streets of the city comparatively deserted, at the hour fixed for the eclipse to come off. The moon was cbscured by the new visitors up to about nine o’clock, when the gloomy appearance of the hea- vens was gradually succeeded by a bright moon- light, and the intense cold moderated a good deal up to 12 o'clock. Tne Srram Exaing.—We call attention to Mr. C. Emmons’ lecture, this evening, on the Steam Engine, illustrated by a splendid model which ex- hibits to view the whole internal and external movements of the engine in operation—at the Hall of the American Institute, in the Park, as adver- tised in another column, Winorr scatn.—That poor creature, Wikoff, has published @ card in the Ezpress, not of much length; but still full of unqualified falsehood!from toend. H 7 i inst him. A more ridi- culous falsehood was never penned; but in order to set this matter right,we publish the following :— Grand Jury. Feeling eggrieved, the malicious pant pe | I “imttediily "contliea thelr advice, 1 brought the matter belore the Grand Jury; self and myself personally (ts but, with you, I repeat, I had, direct] indirect- ly, aby oommunieaton! whatever, relative to. this sub- Ject, to induce me to prosecute Mr. Wikoff. Very truly, yours, a GEORGE D. DOWLING. Nov 23, 1644. So much for this matter, and we may say the same of every other. After his repeated attempts ugon us and the expenditure of $16,000 to put the Herald down, to cry out persecution is droil enough. Can he who has been filling all the newspapers with attacks upon us, cry out persecution? Does he forget that he commenced his Jabors with the “Republic,” to decry us? Does he forget all his publications which have disgraced him—and the disgraceful charges made against him, when the public were laughing at his vile pen? And now he has the ineffable impertinence to talk about perse- cation, at the very moment he is commencing his ridiculous suits. Never mind, Chevalier—you will be satisfied before you get through. MELANCHOLY AccIDENT AND Pronanur Loss or Lirg.—One of the most sickening and heart-rend- ing accidents occurred on Saturday afternoon, No- vember 23d, at East New York, that was ever wit- nessed. Thecircumstances ate as follows, viz:— A young lady, 15 years of age, Miss Almira Smith, eldest daughter of Mr. Ezekiel Smith, of the vil- lage of New Lots, had both of her legs crushed and cut off in the act of jumping from the Long Island Railroad cars on their paesage east. The cars had passed about sixty yards beyond the usual stopping place, when she was in the act of getting out, and supposing they were not going to stop, she jumped; her basket caught some part of the car, which dragged her under the wheels. This is her own account, and the result was as above stated. Doctors Mason and Hurd, of Brooklyn, visited the young lady, but found her too much exhausted to attempt amputation. She is not expected to live. Agentleman in the next car behind was also in the act of getting out, when he wastold by thebrake- man to jump; that he must jump forward; he didso, and fell, tearing his clothes in the fall. This may be attributed to the continual changing, and uncer- tain policy pursued by the head of the establish- ment towards the inhabitants of this place, as will be seen by a late communication to the Board. Fasuronanue Movements.—There have been fly- 1ng about in all directions, for the last few days, a number of highly scented billets, containing cards of invitation to the grand complimentary ball to be given this evening to Captain Isaiah Rynders, ot the Empire Club, at Tammary Hall, by the Democratic paity. At this doubtless there will be present the principal leaders of the party—Martin Van Buren, the Hon. B. F. Butler, Judge Vander- poel, ex-Mayor Morris, and several others, as it is to be a first rate affair. This is only another step in what we before mentioned, that the Empire Club of this city was determined to take the lead in the fashionable movements this season, which have now commenced in earnest. We have the Ttalian Opera in full force in Chambers street, and have had Anderson’s chaste and classic performan- ces at the Park, Mrs. Smith’s, Mrs. Jones’s, Mrs Brown’s, Mrs. A., Mrs, B., and all the other ladies of the alphabet, giving, or about to give, balls and soirées without number. Amid the feremost of these we have the Empire Club, as they ever have done, determined to takethe lead. They took the lead in politics for six months previous to the elec- tion, and during the election—they took the lead in preserving the peace, and kicking up rowe—and they now appear determined to take the lead in every thing that is genteel, polite, and gallant ; in doing the amiable in the best possible style to the ladies. It is not to be wondered at that under these circumstances, Mons. De Korponay, and other fashionable instructors of dancing, are so over- crowded with pupils. There is little doubt but that Polk and the polka willbe in great repute du- ting the ensuing six months. Traian Orgra.—This evening will_be produced, at Palmo’s Opera tiouse, for the first time, Done- zetti’s beautiful opera of ‘“ Luerecia Borgia,” which is said to be quite equal to his ‘ Lucia De Lammermuir.” In this piece we shall have the pleasure of seeing the beautiful Borghese againjre- stored to us.« She takes the soprano part, and Signora Pico the contralto, the latter a character in male attire. There are in this opera some beautiful arias, particularly one, a drinking song by Signora Pico, to which doubtless she will do every justice. Borghese has also some beautiful scenas, arias, &c. to execute, which will bring out her exquisite powers as an actress to the greatest perfection. There islittle doubt but that there will be agreat house on the occasion, as it is seldom that the combined powers of two prima donnas are thus presented to the public. It may be expected that all the beauty and fashion of the city will {be pre- sent. It will be a tremendous house. The opera is now right and is bound to go ahead. Fravps mn tHe Frovr Trapg.—Let all those who are interested in the business in flour read the article under the “Corn Trade” in this morning’s paper. Let every one look out for the “rogues in grain.” eatricals, &c. ‘There are to be great doings at the Circus, this even- ing, in commemoration of the uation of this city by the British troops. Flags, Laoners, martial music and transparencies, will be displayed in front of the Amphi theatre on the occasion, ‘Tue Sapte tistens give a Concert in conjunc. tion with the Ethiopian Minstrels'this evening at the Min, erva Rooms, Broadway. Tho programme is rich, and the attractions, and peculiarities suitable to the memorable day. ‘The Northern Serenaders give their farewell concert to-morrow evening in Washington. The Columbia Theatre opened on Saturday last with a most powerful and talented company. Among those en- gaged to appear during the season are Messrs. J. G. Jones, 4. B. Booth, Hirr Cline, J. 8. Silsbee, and Miss Gannon. The Rochester papers say the Hutchinson Family san; mostaweetly last evening (Thursday) to a crowded an highty delighted audience. They will give one more pom tag on their return from Buffalo, next Thurscay evening. Agrand complimentary concert to Mr. Burke is to come offon ‘Tuesday next at Albany. Mr. Andrews, of Troy, and his two gifted daughters, Messrs. P. A. Mayer, L. Underner, H. Swift, O. J, Shaw, and other accomplish: ed musicians, have liberally offered their services for the occasion. Messrs. Howe and Mabie’s circus have opened for ex- hibition in Georgia. The “ Great Western” had a bumper benefit on Friday evening, at the Albany Museum. The Seguin troupe, consisting of the admirable huffo Sequin ; his telented lady and Me. Frazer, the new tenor, will soon open at the Chesnut Theatre, Philadelphia, with a succession of novel operas. Dr. Lardner is unsuccesstul in Philadelphia lecturing He fails to attract with all his learning. Firg wv Ricumony —About half-past 1 o'clock, Thureday night, the “ Shockoe Foundry” of Tal bot & Brothers, on Cary street, was discovered to be on fire. The most prompt efforts were made to suppress the flames, which were so far successful as to save about half of the largo building. The portion destroyed wos the principal work and pattern shop of Messrs 1. & B., and therefore their loss is heavy, amounting, it is believ- ed, to $10,000, with an insurance of $400. All their pat- terns, which have been eleven years accumulatiog, were destroyed. The house belonged to Win, Mitchell. Jr., and was insured.—Richmond Times, Nov. 23. aes Untverstty Chapel=Dr. Potts, Considering the coldness of the day, the number of pereons who attended the ministry of the word to the friends of religion. A large proport rion of them were ladies. The Doctor is a handsome man ; he looks well in the pulpit—his does mpt.’ that te . His like the of an oj discourse i enounced with the confidence of “a man with authority,” whose conviction is that there can be but one right way, and that the one which he points out. For persons of strong faith, this mode of preaching is admirable, but, for that class of per- sons Who afe given'to reason a little—to enquire— to analyze—to compare—it is by no means easy of digestion. We are grieved to say that, being ac- ‘eustomed to the latter mode of receiving the word, the sermon now under consideration did not come home to ourapprehension. It wasa sermon fair sized —albeit from a brief text—it was a sermon, in short, that will not be forgotten—simply because it was not remembered. The portion of scripture selected for the Doctor’s meditation was from— St. Mathew’s Gospel, xxii. Chapter, 424 Verse— What think you ofthis man?” ne a hi Dp le jan a }, that been urpose some oa nee ahline kamcienet ‘Gscabiees: on the divinity, character, attributes and mission of the Mes- sich After a ve long end discursive exordium, in which he detailed his intended plan of treating the sub- ject, reviewed the prophecies concerning Christ,and their cenfirmation by events occurring at his advent and dur- ing his ministry—argued, the so.e and all-sufticient au- thority of revelation, and then to con first, the general importanc: of the subject ; secondly, the necessity for its discussion. As to its importance: the subject of God’s revelation to mankind, showing various and infinite heads which compose the divine i both betore and since the coming of the M winity of the Saviour was not to be regarded as a grand episode in the concerns of the world, it was the subject itself to which everything turned Dr. Potts then dwelt at length upon the Scripture history of the Messiah, and quoted many texts to show that a belief in the divinity of Christ was requisite to salva- tion ; that the issue declared in the Old as well as the New Testament, was belief or condemnation, as was shown by the following text, and several others which he quoted ;— He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life, but he that believeth not on the Son shall not see life—but the wrath of God abideth on him.” The Pegan world had some faint glimmerings of the truth, but wunt- ing revelation, the wisest of th ilosophers were at Pp fault. Their system admitted the degeneracy and guilt of man, but knew of no means te avert the punishment. All must admit that an infinite importance attaches toa trine, that is made the indispensable condition of the jalvation. John 6: “He hath not the Son hath not the Father,” showing that a knowle of the Son is as necessary as a knowledge of the Father ; they must march hand in hand, and reflect light on each other. This passage was not to be con- sidered of importance as a matter of curious specu lation, but because it wes in itself her highest in vestigation, and most momentous in its results taat can be conceived. Ignorance of the reason why this belief is indispensable should not permit an oir gr ina spirit of scoffing ; for so long as it is known thut that be- Nef in made an essential—the very turning poiat—it must not be neglected. [t was a common subject of conversa- tion as to what were essentials and non-easentials ina person’s belief—but if it were recollected that all scripture was given by inspiration, it con)d hardly be considered that any part was trivial or unimportant. Still there might be an attachment to certain peculiar tenets whieh would not incur the penalty of unbelief, but the distinc. tion between essentials and nonessentials wos dange rous. Asatree could no longer be a tree if deprived of its outside covering, which was the medium of circula tion for the vital sep, yet it might remain a tree after be- ing divested of a portion of its branches; and as a mex could be no longer a man if he lost the organs of vitality, yet he might remain a man after the sepa- ration of some of his limbs; so doctrines might be cousidered essential as they aftected our faith. "They were not to set up their own opinions as stan- dards of what was essential or rot; for that begun, it would be difficult to stop at the right place amidst a lation of belief, whose modification blended into each other like the day and twilight, like twilight and starlight, like tone ond total darkness. Dr. Potts then dwelt upon the kind of belicf which the scriptures demanded of men on the divinity of Christ. Mentioning the heresies of the Gnostics, the Arians, the Sibillians, and the Sweden. borgians of our city, he said, that in the present day it was frequently wondered at that the word of God should be made the cause of sugh various and contradictory er. rors—contradictory not only to each other, to themselves, but to the truth ; and many are tempted to ak why God allowed any ambiguity to exist in his reveletion—why was it not made so plain that nene could cavil at nor mis- take it? Now, his (Dr Po'ts’) answer was this—the am- biguity’ was not in the Scriptures—the diversity of views which were sought to be supported by Scripture authori- ty, showed no want of plainness in the word o: God, but in'the reader’s mind ; for every day life showed that no fact, however plaih or certain—no document, however carefully drawn up in its words, can escape the subtlety of men bent on cavilling about its meaning. By going into the courts of justice, and hearing the arguments of the 5; I pleaver, this will be proved at once. What gran th was sol say Patti on the universe on the bein, a God; yet the ing of a God is openly andoften called in question. If we were called upon to add anything more explicit to the evidence we now have of our own existence—if we were called upon to advance any clearer argument to Feovs ourown cor- poreal reality, could we do so? Yet all acquainted with the various theories of mental philosophers know that the reality of our existence has been called in question, and that not by inadmen or fanatics, but by philosophers. — Does any one think, then, that he could, by other forma of expressi vn, makethe doctrine of the proper divinity of Christ so plain that noae but a fool or a madman could cavil at it. What language, it may be asked, could he employ more explicit than that found in the first chapter of St, John’s Gospel. So with all articles of the Chris- su faith, which we say uro plain vnough for any candid enquirer, who takes the written doctrines of Chriatianity asinfallible—who takes the obvious meaning of terms—who does not interpose between his own con viction and the truth, the authority of his own reason. Bring any doctrine to such ‘a judge and who can know what decision may be passed upon them, and for this rea- son—that the world, degeneracy and sin, perverse habits of mind and body have unfitted man to be a judge—have disqualified him from deciding free from error. As the rice of liberty is sleepless vigilance—the price you and i, dear hearers, have to pay for a knowledge ot truth, is attention to the best sources of knowledge, and sleepless watchfulness ogainst.the intrusion of error and the promptings of a depraved heart. Search the Scriptures ; and let this employment be continued, not in an indolent for indifferent—a Lap Seon nor scoffing manner, and we are engaged in our highest pursuit Truth is not so ob- vious that men must see it ; for if that were the case there woula be nothing voluntary in searching for it. This fact should comfort and encourage every one. at the measure of responsibility is hy prio and that allow. ance will bs made for those deficient in knowledge and is of piety. From him to whom much is given, much shall be expected. Let the glory of the Lord be the watch- word ofthe Church First pure, then peaceable. In this spirit we propose to answer the question, ‘What think you of Christ?" and may ‘ive us his blessing, to whom, with the Son and the Holy Spirit, be all glory ‘and honor for ever andever. Amen. Personal Movements. General Wm. H. Marriott has been appointed Collector of the port of Baltimore, in the place of Nathaniel F. Wil- liams, Esq., removed. The Hon. Isaac Van Zandt, late minister from Texas passing through Alexandria on h's return home, was tendered the compliment of a dinner by the citizens of the place on the 7th inst. The Hon. J. Q. Adams visited the Chesnut street Thea. tre, Philadelphia, on Friday evening. It is rumored that John V. L. McMahon, E«q., will be appointed Chief Justice, in place of the late Chief Justice Buchanan. ‘The case of Mr. Fairbank and Miss Webster will be dis- posed of during the term of the Circuit Court to be held this mon’ h, The Grand Jury have found true bills against them on a charge of negro stealing.— Lex. (Ky ) Enquirer ‘The order in Chancery for a special term at Morris town, on the 29th inst, is revoked.—Tven State Gaz. Dr. Wolfley, late Surgeon of the United States ship Decatur, fell from a cliff of rocks on the coast of Africa and injured himself so as to cause his death in four hours. The Roman Catholics are projecting a literary insti tution in Beacon county, Arkansus. Smooth shillings have been reduced in Miramichi to 94, and Pistareeus to lid. About 1500 emigrants arrived at New Orleans in two day last week, ‘Tho lady of Gov. Haines remains at the point of death ‘Tha sohedule of the new Constitution provides aremedy for ‘omixsion of the State law, and authorizes the Vice Pr it of Council, (the Hon James Patterson, of Mon- mouth,) to preside overthe Board of Canvassers, in case of the inability of the Governorto act. The Board will meet on Tuesday. ‘The Right Rev. Dr. Walsh has been appointed by the Pope to the exclusive administration ofthe western por. tion ofthe Province, or Halifax District, his diocese in- cluding also the Islands of Bermuda. ‘The Right Re De Fraser ia to be the Bishop of the eastern part of th Province, including Cape Breton by the same authority Dr. V h has arrived in London on his way to America. Exxeorton 1v Texas.—The official canvass gives Jones 1500 majority over Burleson, for President Dr. Anson Jones, the President eleet, was once a resi- dent of thie city. He is a brother of the late Williem Jones, Esq., formerly a city surveyor, and studied medi- cine with Dr. Pomeroy some twensy years since. Burle- son, the opposing candidate, is aleo, we believe, from this State.— Utica Observer. Norwich also Won a claim to having for a season harbored one of the great men of the earth, although at the time probably unaware of it. Mr. Jones, the Presi- dent elect of Texas, was a resident of this village, some fiteen or twenty years since, and while here devoid himeelf to selling pills ond powders. If he has not for- gotten bis plodding neighbors, we wish him joy of the station in which he finds himself—Norwich Journal, Tae Daownen Man —-The name of a person who was drowned yesterday morning was Benjamin Fradenburgh. He resided near Chatham or Kinderhook in Columbia county. He was about’ 35 years of age, and is said to have by en unmarried. Tue Mormon Vors.—The vote of Nauvoo city stood 2000 for Polk, 6 for Clay, 706 103 2 455, 28 205, ue 35 166 7056541139 7 (839 ma (3 5173 08 420 6583 498 wT ™ M4 a7 AA se 580968 au 193 96, wo 186 10723 412 703 350 (485 4390731 ro 1038 219 2 2 780 489 697 15 380 815, 464 23 (436 858819 659 723 23 224 192 O64 438536 5798 397455 oar ir 35a 180190 285 0=~=CO9 665 (1254 ct ee Te) 4737 150 — a7 oud 688926 798 706 238 4 238 303699 1190580 1026 0853 625 a aT 497 6537 a7 ast 429350 33284 66736 902 (GAT 257 (278 e213 6504s 855 IR 394 67 301 70 U7 198 MB «267 1055 487 309467 237A 61334 47687 555763 150 160 641 368 6298 139 95 430389 387 . 31,921 31,921 8,310 Poik’s Increase in four years, City Intelligence. Police Office—3unpay.—A quiet, peaceable day was y —a well observed Sab ath—an orderly Sab- bath—a day to be remembored throughout the year was yesterday. Uoder our,present admirable Police arrange ments. how could it be otherwise? This is a great city, and of course there were some trifling occurrences to mar the quiet of the day, and perhaps it is hardly fair to mention them—but here they are:— Trivtx No. 1—A tolerably respectable looking {e- male, decently dressed, named Susan Favour, met an old acquaintance named Charley Marshall in the s.reet, and as neither of them were church goers, they quietly walk. edto 118 Rivington street, where they sat down to talk over old times over a ylass of something comfortable. After an agreeable lete a tete both grew merry, and Mi: Favour, ina jocular way, happy creature, took outa kni‘e and stabbed her companion in the side. Some ill natured persons present took Susan to the Tombs. Trurie No.2 —A cenple of jovial fellows met yester- day in Water street, for the purpose of amusing them: selves quiutly, and were soon jomed by a number of ac- quaintunces. After some little pleasantry, Wm. Franks and Billy Tucker, came icross Mr William Mack, of 366 Water street, and by way of amusement, attacked him—he repelled them ; friends of both parties instantly deserablea be large numbers, and a genera! melee ensued. Mack was repeatedly knocked down and jumped upon, and will probably die, as ho was taken up bleeding pro: tusely, and entirely ‘insensible. Franks and ‘Tucker were arrested and placed in the Tombs, They were only a little “high” ‘Snirix No, 3.—Three men named Thomas Hays, Mi- chael Hays, and Michael Quinn, paid a visit to a friend named James Behan, at Nv. 20 Cherry street, and atter the customary salutations, proceeded 10 make themselves agreeable by locking the door and falling upon Behan in avery delightful manner, knocking him over and jump ing upon him, aad for fear they could not make an im pression upon him, one of them took up an axe, and just as officers Tres and Martin broke in the door, were iu the act of mashing his shall. The gentlemen were ull arrest ed and committed. Picxina 4 Pocket.—As Mr. Francis Alexander of the United States Navy, was waiting at the Post Office & terday to enquire for a letter, some nm deprived him ol the means of paying for one, by picking his pocket of $70 in bank bills. Common Pleas. Before a full Bench. Nov. 28.—Decisions. —.4nn E. Yates ads. William Da- vids and wife, administrator, §c. of William Gulloway, de- ceased —Tnis was an action of assumpsit on promises to toe zntestate in his life time, with the money counts, and ‘an account stated bog bs by the administratrix and her husbaad, and it stated that there isno count in the decla- ration, or promises to, or an account stated, with the ad ministratrix, Detendunt pleaded the general issue, and offered no set off. The cause was referred to three referees, who re- ported $609 43 forthe plaintiff. The defendant movedto net aside the ‘mal and therefore obtained a special re- port, which is tercol he usual practice in th ined their reasons for allowing and disellowing 8 of the respective panies, their reasons tor ing the cross examination of a witners by the nameofxerby, The defendant now excepts to the re. port of the referees for several reasons on the ground that the plaintiffs had no right to rece pon evidence of an account stated with the administratrix, under the declaration in this cause; also, on the ground that the de- fendant had a right te cros: ine Derby, aa to every item of the bill of particu! ind such cross examina- tion would have impeached rect testimony on seve. ral items; olso on several other points. The court deci- ded that the referees erred in no: allowing the cross exw mination of pirht f a8 to the items in the account stated.— An account stated is not conclusive against the party ad- mitting the balance to be against him, It is but prima Jacie evidence, ana the accuracy of the account may be impesched. Report to be set aside, with costs to abide the event. But if the parties consent, they may preceed before tie same referees, as if the case was continued for their testimony, 80 as to crows examine the witness, and striking out the ‘estimony sate character. If they do not agree then, a motion must be made at Chambers for new referees to reuew the case, Court Calendar—This Day. Common Pigas.—Nos. 18, 23, 10, 27, 111, 29, 30, 83,2, 9. ourt, which lat- Disastrous Firr at Saratoga leaped an extra from the office of the Saratoga Republican, we learn that between 2 and 3 o'clock, on Friday, a fire broke out in a wooden building on the east side of Broad- way, which was entirely consumed, together with five other buildings, embr-cing altogether fourteen tenementr. The buildings consumed were owned by Brainard Spen- cer, of Hertford ; Smith Mitchell, Hugh McCready, John A. Waterbury and Robert Gardiner, of Sarmoga Springs. Che occupants were A.C. Bizchard, druggist ; J. Van Pelt, barber; L J. Vibbard, hatter; fF. Wild y porter cellér | Messrs. Avery, law office ; Joneph Beach ; Gran- ger & Cole, butchers ; J. L. White, grocer ; Alleu & Dar- row, grocers ; Phillips, Williams & Co., RH. & J. Bene dict, merchants. Tho aggregate loss is estimated ot $15, 000, a part of which was covered by insurance. Court ror THE CoRRECTION or Errors, Albany, Nov. 23, 1844.—Present—Senator Foster, pre- siding, ad 19 other Senators No, 25 as 22.—A. Lawrence and al vs. Thecity of New York. Mr W. W. Wagenen was heard fand concluded for deft. in error. Decision postponed till December. Vermonr.—The official returns of the late elec- tion from ali the towns ot the State, stand—-Clay 26,770 ; Polk 18,041; Birney 3,957. Clay’s plural over Polk 8729; Clay’s majority over both Polk and Birney 4,772. Whig gala since September 3,089. Oranors.—The Baton Rouge Gazette of the 2d instant, says :—" We were presented the other day by @ lady in this town with a beautiful cluster of fine oranges, grows in her garden. They were as sweet and delicious an any we have ever tasted, May her day be long and hers! w never be less."* Great Dispatcn.—On the 16th of October Messre. G. W Warren & Co., dispatched an to Glasgow for Scotch goods. Yesterday, by Britannia, the order was answered, and the goods received Thia morning they pasred through the Custom House, and are now on sale at the Ladies’ aids Mgr be street ; thirty seven days, only, from the date of the order. A dispatch un- precedented —Buston Transcrip', Nov Svaar.—We learn by the last Planters’ Banner, that the planters in St, Mary parish are now actively en: gaged in the manufacture of sugar. The article is ot unusuaily fine quality, butthe yield is not good. The weather, so far, has been favorable. Woot Growina is about to be commenced in the western part of the State of North Carolina, in Bun combe county, ot @ gentleman of experience, who Las carried thither a large quantity of excellent sheep. Quick Worx. —By an ingenious process, wheat standing in Michigan in the morning is trequently flour ut night. Itis cut, threshed, and made ready for the mill at once, by a machine which goes ever from 2 to 80 acres per day.—Fulton (Onwego co.) Sum en Musie in Ameriea—No, 1,| UTILITY OF MUSIC IN GENERAL. Centuries ago, when 1ausi hardly fini inGing ite ow: ie song, Shakepeare said :: “ The man thet has no music in bimself, Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, Is Git for treasons, ms, and spoils.” How beautifullyishere d the goodn: that divine art! Yes, music is really a divine divine fiom its close, not to say inseparable nection with religion and religious ceremo from its being one of the greatest levers of ¢ zation, and from the manifold blessings it is ble of bestowing on the sorrowful mind. Cus has placed music after poetry, plastics, and branches, which fall into the cate; of the! arts; and in accordance with this classificat which I do not hesitate te pronounce unjust an judicious, the painter, the sculptor, amd the claim the pas before musician. Nobod course, denies that Handel, Haydn, M Beethoven, and Mendelssohn, rank high in the of public estimation, but are those names nounced by the je at |i with the sam verence asthe names of Angelo, Rubens, Rap Ti Dante, Tasso, Goethe, Schiller, y ron, even Walter Scott ? ‘Who has done more to mankind happier aid better, Handel or Mil Angelo? Beethoven or Tasso? I will not mention that painting and sculpture require say the least, a partially cultivated mind, not to be duly appreciated, but to be in some _ me: understood; where on the contrary music assi preparing and producing this cultivation. The: the exclusive property of a few chosen minds, are aristocratieal ; but music isa free, a republi art; it finds its way into every heart, like the which sheds his rays over. the strong and w over the sage, and over the poor ignorant peo it is universally felt, and More or less unde: by all. And through this universality music, poetry of tones and sounds, is superior to the try of words. in its blessing career, it knows o obstacles. Not so the poem, bound as it is in strong fetters of one particular idiom; and e' these fetters are loosened, or to speak plainly, poem is successfully translated from one lap into another, the thorne and briars it encounte! its passage, retain many beauties which are voidably lost; they are more useless than the ieces of wool torn trom the back of a wand jamb with which the sparrow keeps ita nest wi Another reason for its superiority is its indest table purity; it cannot be turned to bad purpq an advantage which neither poetry nor the a painting or sculpture can claim. ‘There are | poems which have been productive of great i to the morals of youth. Don Jaan, for insta or the ars amandi, of which there are nnfortu' ly many good tfanslations in every langul How many lascivous pictures are there in the wa Look only at the shocking statuettes in windows of a store in Broadway, and you excuse that ultra-moralist who vented his a) in a hearty curse. on Canova and Thor sen. In fact, there is no art, no holy object w has not been defiled by evil spirits—even qu tions from the Bible are said to be powerful pons in the hands of the devil. Music alone never been polluted—m: alone is pure. .The cultivation of music is an object of highest importance, which should engage thi tention ot every philanthropist—because it is of the purest sources of pleasure—because it is nently calculated to call forth a religious ent! asm; and last, not least, becanse it is an ung tionable promoter of morality in the lower cla It is a fact, which cannot be denied, tha| those countries in which the knowledge of has been made accessible to the lower classes, eye is very seldom offended with eases of di enness. have never seen a drunken Italian his own country). Jn Germany, where the lo music is stronger than in France, drunkard less frequent than in the latter country. Wh con'rast is to be found in Russia, England, America! In looking over the statistical tablq criminality, we find that the amount of crin an English population of twenty-five millions i ly one-third larger than in France, with a popul of thirty-four millions—ia_ that France which gious England calls athe‘stical. This dispropot cannot, ef course, be entirely attributed to the| sence of musical feeling in England; but it caq be denied that the degradation of the lower cla may be, in some measure, traced to it. ‘hese undisputable faets, (Cormenin calls a more obstinate than @ woman,) on which my, partial remarks are based, strongly prove that promotion of the study of music requires be! private and individual exertion, the fostering of legislation. This all the goveraments of rope, with the exception of England, have and we see there the most gratifying results duced by their public schools, academies, con vatories, &c. Every reey Stalian principe or q patronizes the opera not alone with his uname. would be a paltry patronage indeed—but with purse, in spite of the proverbial tighinesa ot r purse-strings. The French government allov the lyrical theatres of Paris a yearly subventio| two hundred thousand dollars, independend the expenses of the conservatoire royal, whid bears alone, and numerous p-nstons to merito: musicians The provincial theatres are assisted the cities and the department. In Germany, country of philosophy and tobacco smoke, of m and sauerkraut - sovg-uuions, Liedert.feln, Ver scademies, conservatories. &e , are innumer. There rules the goddess of music with a melod| hand. How happy are the Germans through mu notwithstanding the political absolutism. amiable are the German Bee ry, superior 4 “to the finest pisantry in the world.” | Till now very little has been said of musil America—its present state—ita future proxp This, with occasional glimpses on music and cians in Europe, will be the object of these lett tor which I crave that indulgence of which undoubtedly will stand very much in need. ———. Detroit. {Correspondence of the Herald.) Deraotr, Nov. 18, 18 Description of Detroit—The Ladies—Their Bea and Good Tuste—Smuggling from Canad Politics —Genera! Cass— Musical. Frienp Bennerr:— In the absence of all local, foreign, and politi news, a few lines respecting the morals, custo} fashions, and general character of the citizen this burgh, may not be waacceptable to you or y oumerous readers. At any rate, having a li time to spare, and lots of material for a “co! pondence” on hand, I thought it would be no| trusion to mail them, direc'ed to your pleasure. Detroit is very pleasantly situated on the ri Detroit; is undoubtedly the best harbor on inland seas, boasts of some beautiful stre| excellent buildings, distinguished statesmen, merous churches, charitable and benevolent stitutionsand societies, handsome, lovely, bewi ing and enchanting ladies—no, that name is inappropriate, so let me call them “eart angels.” Indeed I doubt if more lovely and a; ently accomplished members ot the delicate ean be found in the Union tian :cside in this tion, Though generally void of a finished edu ‘ion and assumed superiority of manners, [ c| didly assert that I never spent ha pier hours, or joyed more agreeable aad sociable company tf with the ludies of Detroit. Considerable atteat 8 paid to dress, but seldom rons to that vanity folly so characteristic of the New York beiles, digiou. bustles are bur seldom met with, in con quence of the naive fashion of exceeding low wail the arificials are done away with, and natu bustles instituted, Which at first bs appear rat odd; but as the fashion is generally prevalent, oddity is coon lost sight of in admiration. Vi occupies much of the time of the older ladies; you never find one without her sewing or knitt] aratus. On first introduction they make thq selves perfectly “to hum’’—as the expression jj andseldom display any degree of bashfuilness, matter what may be the topic of conversation, in what company. A large amount of moods are annually smuggy from the opposite side of the river—Windi Canada—in consequence of the high duties would otherwise attend their introduetion here.| know of three girls, who are employed in a la hat and ved warehouse in this city, who suug| all the cloth used by i facture of their wares side has a room expressly for parchasers to 7 pare for smuggling; which is done by wrapp the cloth around the body underneath the gj mente, and there are numbers of females here make a handsome profit in smuggling for any q who may demand their services, Cloth pure! in Canada at $2 560 per yard, meete a ready here at $5, and other goods in like proportion. Politics like the handle of a jug, isallon q side, both here and throughout the State, Pol majority is about 3,500, being a gain of some:h| like 5000 votes to the Democrats since the | Presidential election, a Gen. Cass lives in this city in an outwar plain frame building, but inwardly splendi though not extravagantly farnished. His politi influence is of some extent, and he is much spected as a citizen, by allclasses. On the Sat day night preceding the late election, a processi of whigs halted in front of his house and salu vim with three groans! Such conduct towa' such a man is unworthy Americans, and deser the rebuke so justly given to the whig pat throughout this State—throyghont the Union Our present popular Governor (Barry) will be} candidate for the United States Senate this w ter, and will, undoubtedly, be elected to tH highly honorable and a responsible station ; is every way a worthy and capable depository