The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1844, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. i Now York, Monday, August 5, 1844. eas eat Aetna eA A New Kra in Civilization—The Hiectric Telegraph. x As we intimated some time ago, a movement is in progress to extend the extraordinary agency of —————— . Approach of Great National Prosperity—The | Morse’s Electric Telegraph to this city, Philadel- Fall Business—Position and Prospects of | phia, Boston, and other large cities of the Union. the New York Herald. Once thejdesign isicarried into effect, asit undoubt- The advertising columas of this paper appear to- | edly will be ere long, we shall commence a new day in new type, the wear andtearof our immense | era of civilization and progress on this continent.— Circulation obliging us to renew the founts at an | With steam-power working everywhere as our earlier period than usual heretofore. The circum- servant, on railroad, and river, on lake and ocean. stance naturally leads usto say afew words respect- | and thie new and wondrous application of that ing the present position and prospects of the New York Herald. The circulation and influence of this journal are altogether without parallel in the history of news- paper enterprise in this country. The daily and weekly Herald are now eagerly read inthe remo- test sectionsof this mighty continent, and the in- fluence exercised by this preasis felt from New York, the great metropolis of America, to the far- thest point where civilization is engaged hand to hand, in the conflict with barbarism. In the mer- ehaat’s counting-room, in the banker’s parlor, in the closet of the statesman, in the comfortable farm-house, in the solitary log house in the far wilderness of the West, the New York Herald is read, and ina great number of instances, is the only newspaper read. The influence of a journal which thus daily addresses itself tothe great mass of the population of this country, and particularly to thoseciasses which are most closely connected with its progress and all great public movements, Must obviously be immense and overwhelming.— And it is a0. The influence exercised by the New York Herald during its past career, upon the newspaper press'of the United States—upon public opinion—upon le- Gislation—upon the political parties—upon all the movements which have agitated the public mind, has, indeed, been extraoidinary, but not at all surprising to the intelligent and reflect- ing observer of human progress and socie- ty. A daily newspaper which disseminates at all times and on all subjects, accurate in- telligence,—which occupies the high vantage ground of perfect independence of all parties and all cliques, and all sectional iufluences; and which at the same time inculcates the principles of sound morality, true philosophy, and genuine patriotism, is a great social institution, capable of effecting in- ealculable good; and of conducting to a safe and beneficial termination, revolutions in society, which the thoughtless, the prejudiced, and the un- enlightened, are never able to attribute to the right scource, ascribing them to other agencies, which were but instruments created and controlled by that migh' y power—independent, enlightened, and influential journalism. Let any one familiar with the history of the Rewspaper press of the United states for the last fifteen ye ra,recallto mind what it was at the period when we established this journal, and contrast with that its present condition—let him carefully trace its progress from laziness, weakness, ineffi- cieacy, dullness, aad pov-rty—and if possessed of moderate discrimination and impartiality, he wiil ovserve how in every improvement, in every new applicntion of the mighty power of a daily press, we live led the way, and always kept the lead. Ti ship newa—in fivancial news—in foreign news— in reporuung—in keen and ever-watchful attention to every event and movement connected with the Progress of svciety, the arts, civilization, re- ligion, philosophy, politics, political economy, both in the old and new world—the New York Herald has been the pioneer to ail its contemporaries, and with what success it maintains its superiority in those paths to which it pvinted the way, we are quite willing,to abide by the verdict of all enlighten- ed, liberal, and observing men. One great ele- ment of our success, indeed, has been the steady, uniform patronage of the more enlightened and li- beral of the community. The great mass of the readers and patrons of the Herald consi-ts of those who are in advance of their fellows, as we are in advance of our contemporaries. We are very hapjy to perceive, in many quar- ters, indications that the principles of sound science in finance—of common sense in legislation—of honesty in all the business of this world—of decency in politics—and of purity in religion—which we have been inculcating for years, are more gene- rally recognized, uuderstood and practised than in times past. To be sure, the plunderers of banks—the rotten legislators—the rogues of all sorts in the community—the corrupt politi- cian:—the snuffling hypocrites—are as rampant as ever against us for honestly telling the truth, and exposing wickedness ia high places, and wherever it discovers itself. But amongst the vir- tuous, intelligent, and respectable classes of socie- ty, our course is understood and appreciated. The | country enjoys an unexampled degree of prosperi- | ty, and the prospect is cheering in the exureme. The extreme violence of partizanship begins to subside amongst the intelligent masses, although the vile party preeses still wallow in the filth of par- ty. Correct notions of financial institutions begin to prevail. The blessings of stable, honest and cau- tious legislation are sought after. Honest industry is discovered to be preferable to mad speculation. The trade and commerce ot the country are estab- lishing themselves on a firm basis. Manufactures are increasing. Agriculture improviog. The refinements and elegancies of high civilization are diffusing themselves. The future is, indeed, full of beckoning omens of peace, prosperity, and glory. The fall business in this great commercial empo- rium will be immense. Every one who is compe- tent to judge of the matter, predicts a remarkably active and prosperous season. Merchants and all others engaged in business here, will naturally ex- perience more than usual anxiety to obtain access te the best means of communicating efficiently ‘and extensively with the various sections of the country. We believe there is no necessity of re- minding all those classes that no other medium of- fers such advantages as the advertising columns of the New York Herald. Tae New Yore Democracy in THE Fistp.— The locofocos in this region begin to manitect a little more spirit and vigor than heretofore. It would seem that the conspiracy of the Evening Post clique, to defeat Mr. Polk, for the purpose of apply- ig a salve to the broken head of Mr. Van Buren, ‘and preventing the triends of Mr Polk from get- ting their heads into the flesh-pots, to the utter ex- Clusion of the old hunkers of New York and Al- bany, hassirred up the young democracy to an ful state of excitement. To-night they hold an immense mass meeting in Hudson street, at the corner of Chariton street. The proceedings will open with a great display of fire-works, for the pur- pose of iiiusirating iu the most practical and stri- king Wanner, the terrific heat and fury of the “young democracy.” Several great guns are to be discharged —a wngst others Mr. Slidell, of Louis- inna, is said Altogether it will be an interestiog, ery, aud multitudinous display. We shall send our corps of reporters and give a grephic account of ali the proceedings in to-morrow’s paper. Tas Tyres Party —We have some develop- menis of an exeeedingly rich and curious nature to make, connected with the recent movements of the Tyler men in this city. The fun seems to in- Crease as the end draws nigh. We shall open ihe budget in a day or two, if it will so long keep this hot weather. Natvuratrzen Crrizzns.—The Supreine Court, | ¢¢ away and devourea by others. Row in session at Utica, have, it appears, made a decision to the effect that the Marine Court of this eity is not a Court of Record. This decision will affect the great mass of voters ia this cily, who have been admitted to citizenship through the Marine Court for the last thirty years. The poli- mysterious and subtle agent, till now known only by its hostile and destructive visitations, made sub- ject to our control,and at our bidding, annihilating, as it were, both time and space, bringing into the limits of an hour the opposite extremes of a vast continent, itis difficult even for the most enthusi- astic imagination, to exaggerate the progress of the race during the next half century. It becomes, in these circumstances, a very interesting subject to inquire into the past history of telegraphic coummu- nication, and we will aecordingly endeavor to fur- nish some information on this matter, as briefly and accurately as possible. The art of corresponding by means of signal: ot very high antiquity; amongst others, the an- cients used fire, torches and flag: i with celerity, to distant points, intelligence otf a new and imyortant character. The Greeks and Romans were aware of its value, and it is upon re- cord that Theseus, in his expediti:n againet the Argonauts and Mardonius, in the time of Xerxes, availed themselves of its aid. Thucydides, also, frequently alludes to his mode of speaking by nals ; and in the days of the decline of the Roman Empire it was very well known to that military people, who were too well aware of its great im- portance to them to let it be neglected. Inthe middle ages, loua noises and the sound of instru- ments were substituted for light, fire and smoke, the invention of gunpowder contributing to make the former preferable, as it ebviated the necessi- ty of chosing points of great altitude, and was not dependant upon the state of the atmosphere. It is very certain that this art is nearly as old as that of war itself. The Greeks brought it to great perfec- tion; and in the tenth book ef Polybius some curious details are given on this subject. In China, fire, as a mode of signalising, was in very general use, as they were acquainted with the secret of making certain compositions which imparted a dazzling brilliancy. In aaval battles when smoke would interfere prejudicially, this was @ great improvement; these artificial lights were employed also in surveying operations. Among the various systems of the moderns that of M. Chappe, which has been in use for fifty years in France, may be mentioned in the,first rank. This system was first tested on July 12, 1798, in presence of the committee of public instruction of the na- tional convention, and its success was complete. Tt was found that in 18 miautes 40 seconds, a short dezpatch could be transmitted to a distance of 48 leagues. Previous to this, there was no known means of transmitting intelligence with secrecy and despatch, and adapted to all distances, which difficulty was surmounted by Chappe’s system, and hence it wasdistinguished from all otherspreviously known, Napoleon, who neglected no means to con- firm his numerous victories, has been more than once indebted for his success, to the Telegraphs which connected hisdifferent armies,of which truth the battles of Austerlitz, Wagram and Eylaw, are striking instances, As soon as this system of Chappe was known, its marvellousresults were admired,and many learned men perceiving its value to govern- ment, applied themselves to further improve it; but Fraups or Gamping.—On the first page will be found an interesting article, from one of the’ Eng- lish papers, containing some striking information on the proceedings of the bgp gammomes. iy mittee on gaming, from which’ it appeara that on one subject at least there is a marked advance and improvement in public opinion amongst the British, and that subject is gambling. It is notorious that this vice was fearfully on the increase, particularly in the higher circles of society, and for that reason the more mischievous, as there is a proverbial ten- dency in that country, in the middle and lower classes, to emulate and imitate the fashions of the more exclusive and privileged orders. Gambling, since the days of the “Regency,” when the young, dashing, and dissipated sons of old George III. dis- tinguished themselves in the gay world, and patro- nized, amongst other vicious habits, those of heavy betting and the gaming table, has become remark- ably prevalent in London, amongst those who, hav- tog “more money than wit,” centrive, with what little of the latter they have, toget rid of the excess of the former by deep gaming and heavy betting. Awakened to a sense of the danger to society, efforts have been strenuously made by the more moral part of the community to direct the attention of the authorities to ir, the result of which has been that a Committee of the House of Commons have instituted a rigid enquiry into the extent and the in- fluence of gaming. Whatever diversity of opinion prevails amongst those who, being themselves ad- dicted thereto, are disposed to pulliate more or less the evil, it is clear that the common sense of the country is hostile to it, and fully determined to sup- press it, and if laws stringent enough to accomplish this commendable object are not enacted, the cul- pability will rest with the legislatare. In this country too, there is great need of inter- ference on the part of the proper authorities to supprees gambling of all kinds, and we hope that it is fully practicable to bring this about. That such may be the case, a movement on the part of the citizens themselves, on the part of the public press, must precede it. So long as people wait for the legislature to move in the matter first, they will Temain as they are. 1n this, as in every other case of reform, the common sense and morality of the country must take the initiative, and it is gratifying to observe that some tokens of this being the case are discernible. From the Baltimore papers we learn that Mr. J. H. Green, the reformed gambler, than whom no man knows the fraud and dishonesty of the craft better, ia making a public exposition of these evils. Mr. G. proveseatisfactorily that the “flattering unc- tion” of a chance to win, by which the greater part of novices are enticed to a beginning, is a mere de- lusion; thatthey are at the mercy of the prefession- al gamesters, and must sooner or later make the fatal discovery. Quite enough has been divulged by Mr. Green to convince any sober, judging man, that the sharpers, who profess to meet their victims on equitable and fair terms, possess advantages which no science, shrewdness, or judgment, onthe part of the amateur, can cope with. [tisno science, but a piece ot pertect swindling ; and an exposure to the tender mercies of the swell mob is not one whit less compatible with the safety of the pocket, than an attempt to cope with the cool and effec- ttvely arranged system of knavery by which game- sters and gamblers of all descriptions plausibly rob their victims No place requires more the salutary interference ot legislation on this evil than New York. Per- haps for the size of it, there is as much money filch- ed from the pockets of those who frequent the pre- cinets of the light fingered gentry as there is in London itself, or in P: Wherever it exists it all their attempts were unsuccessful. Amongst others who essayed to bring it to a higher degree of perfection, we may mention the names of Ed- wrantz, Beltancourt, Breguet, Monculrier, Pillow, Latour, Edgeworth, Charriere, Spratt, and a whole host of others. Without further dwelling upon the subject of telegraphing as it has been, a few words upon it as it is, will now be offered withpropriety. Monsieur Eunemond Gonon, an industrious and enter- prizing Frenchman, has lately communicated to the Academy of Science, in Paris, the re- sults of twenty-five years of study for the pur- pose of perfecting this art, and although the bene- fits of his improvements have not been,realized, or seized with that avidity which they merit, by his own government, it is very likely that ere long they willbe. The de of those improvements furnished by'Mons. G. in his treatise thereon, are very striking. It adapted to all kinds of dis- patches, all technical phrases and figures; it em- ploys fewer signals than the words in the dispatch ; free from errors; adapted to different languages ; independent of mit ind fogs; available by night; capable of being put in operation by uneducated persons; its$signals easily construed ; more quiek, and capable of operating at greater distances than many previous systems. We have already given a full and accurate de- scription of Protessor Morse’s Electric Telegraph, which is justly regarded by the scientific world as the best and most admirably adapted to its object of all that have been yet invented. We have no space at present to follow out the reflections which this subject naturally excites. But we shall soon recur to it, Anniversary Sermon.—Dr. Spring preached yes- | terday his thirty-fifth anniversary sermon in the Leekman Street Presbyterian church. A large at- tendance of hearers showed that it was looked to with some interest. The preacher, on this occa- sion, confined himself altogether to purely spi- ritual topics, and therefore some who attended, expecting to hear a discourse of a more compre- hensive kind, some strictures on the general state and prospects of society, the signs of the times,ic., were disappointed. It cannot be said, however, that there was cause for regret on that account. The text chosen was from John’s Gospel, 20th to to 32d verse. He took a retrospective view of the prevalence of unbelief in the days of the Saviour, as well as its continuation till now—the ignorance of God which prevails—the duties of the Christian ministry, and closed with an affecting allusion to his long connection with the congregation he was then addressing, and an effectionate exhortation to them to meet him in the eternal world, well pre- pared to render an account before God of the way in which they profited by his ministry. The sermon was a good although not an eloquent one. The solemnity of the preacher’s manner showed that he regarded his relation to his hearers as a sacred and responsible one, and the pathetic and affectionate appeals to them to attend to their souls’ salvation was heard with all the deep atten- tion they deserved Op Noau anp Tak Hoty Lanp.—What has be- come ot the grand project for the redemption of the Holy Land, which was announced a month or two ago by old Noah, and recorded in our columns 7% Will nobody move in the matter? It is really too bad to see the lineal descendant of the kingly race of Judea retailing twaddle for the benefit of the barbers’ shops and groggeries cf this Gentile city, when he ought to be restoring the formerglories of Jerusalem. Noah has, we see, turned quite round to Clay—almost as important an accession as that of the Chevalier, and making complete the magi- cul nuinber of seven cliques in thia city, all ready to div for Clay. Whata hard lot leas been that of poor Noah—contemplating, emelling, and fighting for the flest-pots of administration after adminisira- ton, and party after party, only to see them snatch- Noah is certain- ly @ curiosity amongst polity 8. He is of a verity al! things to all men. His principles and conscience are admirably suited for public life. They can stand an infiaite deal of wear and tear, and, like the bar- ber’s chair, as described by the clown, in “ All’s Well that Ends Well,” are capable of univercal ticians who are deeply interested at the present erisis, will, doubtless, apply themselves to remecy | this “ flaw” as soon as possible | alaptation to circumstances, Vor THe Fiswing Banns.—See advertisement. H-alth and pleasure accompany the boat to-day. is an evil of great magnitude, and whoever contri- butes to :ts eradication does an act of public bene- fit. Under this conviction we should he rejoiced to see public opinion awekened, and the authori- ties acting with energy and decision in order to its suppression. Srare or Irguanp.—Some of the violent repeal newspapers in Ireland, becoming quite alarmed by the continued prospect of tranquillity, are endeavoring to stir up the people to acts of lawless folly. One of the Limerick papers recently published a very inflammatory arti- cle, recommending the people to provide them- selves with muskets and ammunition—if any man had n’t the money, this zealous patriot advised him to sellhis coat and buy a gun, and if the garment were “too old and worn” to fetch enough of the needful—a very probable case with the majority of the finest peasantry in the world—he was exhorted to get a pike with it, which is declared to be “no mean weapon.” For this incendiary und seditious language the paper has been prosecuted by the government, and the editor will probably soon share the honors with the conspirators in the Dublin penitentiary. What curses has not O’Connellism inflicted on unhappy Ireland! There cannot be found in any country a race of men naturally more disposed to industry and order than the Irish. Demagogueism has been their bane. We see in thiscountry how well- conducted, orderly and industrious the Irish are as a class. Here, too, the demagogues would delude and destroy them; but, thank heaven, the counter- acting influence is too powerful. There isto be a repeal meeting to-night in this city, for the purpose of subjecting the honest, in- dustrious, hard-working Irishmen of the laboring class, to “ another bleeding,” as one of the little heggarmen felicitously expresses it. But it will probably be a failure. It is really a most disre- putable and heartless business, this plundering these poor men of their well-earned dollars. It is equally as bad as the robbing of the pious poor by the missionary societies. The extortion of money from the lower classes is not, alas! the only iniqui- ty practised under the sacred name of patriotism and seligion. But it shall never be done without indignant rebuke from us, and in rebuking it we do but echo the indignation of ali true patriots and all genuine Christians. “ Granaminc Lettens."—The conduct ot Sir James Graham, in the case of Mr. Mazzini’s let- tera, opened in the London post office, has given origin to a new popular phrase, descriptive of post office tyranny and mismanagement. Letters inter- fered with in the post office ere said to be “ Gra- hamed,” and seals have been prepared with the motto, “This letter not to be Grahamed.” This new phrase, “ Grahaming letters,” 1s quite as significant in this latitude asin London. Indeed, we believe we must claim the credit of orginatity, with respect to the introduction of this very des criptive epithet. Letters detained two or three days on thier route are very properly said to be ‘ Gra- hamed.” Throughout the whole Post Office De- partment of this country, for some time past, there has been quite too much of the Graham system. Tt has been Graham and Wicklifle—Wickliffe and Graham ail through—the woof of stupidity, warped with inefficiency, anda pretty web they have made of it. Mr. Simpson or THe Pann —This gentleman is determined to convince us that he has not crossed the Atlantic for nothing, being content with per- forming that operation once or twice already. He has actually gotrid of the ‘* Old Man of the Moun- tain,” which sat eternally on his shoulders here— is positively capable of locomotion at the rate of ay least one mile in the hour—and has effected en- gogements in London with two distinguished ar- tists, Oneis a Mr. Smith, or Brown, or Anderson, or some such aame, who is far supertor to Kean, aad a Miss Kate Howard, who has got the sweet- est pair of eyes im Christendom. Having effected this tremendous amount of business in London, the indefatigable manager has gone to Paris, where he will doubtless surpass even himeeif in the judgment, taste, diligence, and success of his efforts to cater for the New York public, and revive the fortunes of Old Drury, at present like Napoleon, submitting to itedestiny, and giving friendly shelter to myriace cf rate. | work is well got up. Dergat oF THe Cuartists IN BIRMINGHAM. defeat of Mr. Scholefield, the liberal candidate, at the reoent election in Bi! , and the return of a conservative member, has occasioned a good deal of excitement. This triumph of the Tory party in the very head quarters of radicalism, has excited considerable surprise. {t has been hailed with tremendous enthusiasm by the Tories throughout the couatry, aud the go- vernment seek to find in this event no little encouragement in their present hazardous position. Corruption and bribery are charged upon the supporter of the Tory, Mr. Spooner, who was elected, but the defeat of Mr. Scholefield, the Whig candidate, was entirely owing to the persistence of the radicals in running their candidate, Mr. Sturge, who received upwards of three hundred votes, and occasioned sufficient disturbance in the hberal ranks to defeat their candidate. The result of this election does not at all indicate any falling off in the strength of the anti-corn law party. It has been owing to the circumstance just mentioned. The tree trade party is duily waxing stronger and stronger in England, and a violent and decisive struggle with its opponents cannot be very far distant. Damaae Br Liowzaina During the heavy thun- der storm yesterday morning, the Jightning struck a house in Warten street, corner of South, Broek- lyn. It first knocked over the chimney, which di- vided the fluid, one streak passing into the honse, through three bed rooms, out the parlor window to the basement window, slightly damaging the frames of both. The other branch passed down by the rain water conductor into the well, splitting the pump into ten thousand pieces. Among other movements a pig near the house was killed, but which branch of the fluid committed this act had not been satisfactorily settled at sundown last even- ing. The inmates of the house were in bed at the time the place was struck and escaped without in- jury. Literature, &. Tue Lire or Gzonce Brumme.t, by Capt. Jesse. —Carey & Hart, Philadelphia. This is the biogra- phy of an individual better known by the name of “Beau Brummell,” who made himself conspicuous by his inanities at the court and amid the fashiona- ble and aristocratic circles in the early part of the reign of George the Fourth. The work is well written, well got up, and at a reasonable price—the two volumes in one for 37k cents. But there is no- thing init that is worthy of perusal. Tux Jesuit, by C. Spindler.—Winchester, New York, This work is intended to illustrate the principles and practices of the celebrated society of the Jesuits during the early portion of the 18th century. We think that imagination has done more in the work before us than facts themselves; of no society that ever existed, is there more mys- tery and uncertainty hanging about than of this, of which the present volume treats, ‘THe GranpraTuER, a novel, by the late Miss Ellen Pickering. This isan interesting work; wor- thy of the novel reader’s perusal, and equal to any of the former works of the same writer. Tus Democratic Review, for August—H. G. Langley, New York.—A most capital number; the paper of Mr. W. Kirkland, entitled, “The West, the Poor Man’s Paradise,” is well worth the atten- tive perusal of this class of individuals—particular- ly emigrauts. There are numbers of persons hang- ing about our large cities who would do well to at- ecutive Wore the article named, and to carry out without delay the hints there conveyed. The arti- cle on “ First and second rate men,” is worthy of the perusal of all electors at the forthcoming Presi- dential contest. It is embellished with a capital likenees of James K. Polk. Tue Knicxeresocken Magazine, for Auguet— Allen, New York.—A capital number; as good a monthly as there exists. Tue Retrosrxct or Practica, Mepicink AND Surgery; Part IX—Adee, New York.—No doubt a very useful work to the faculty. Tue Sroon—By H. O. Westman.—No. II. of this curious book has just been published by the Harrers. tt enters into the history and pro; of Spoons, from the earliest ages of the world and exhibits a wonderful degree of rare and curious reading. It will be found instructive as well as entertaining.— The numbers, copiously illustrated, are sold at 25 cents each. Hunt’s Mercuante’§Macazing ann CoMMERCIAL Review, for August.—Hunt, New York.—A very. good number, containing a considerable amount of information, valuable to the merchant, tradesman, and others. ‘Tue Rervsrication oF THE Lonvon, EpinsurcH, anp Westminster Reviews, No. 141.—Scott, New York.—An invaluable work to every writer, and also to the standard writers of the day. The present number is a reprint of the Quarterly for June, in which are some very interesting papers. Tue Aporiainat Portror.io, sy J. O. Lewis.— ‘The Author, New York.—This is a reprint of Mr. Lewis’s work which appeared in England in 1838, containing beautifully executed colered litho- graphic portraits of celebrated Indian chiefs, taken at various meetings for treaties held pee the pre- vious fifteen years. There is appended historical and biographical notices, such as were given by the interpreters of the various tribes, which afford an excellent and interesting key to the plates. The A System or GgoGrarHY ror THK USE OF Scuoors.—Iilustrated with more than fifty Cero- graphic maps and numerous woed-cut engravings ; by ees? E. Morse, A M.—Harper an Brothers, New York.—This is a neat, compact, and admirable school book. It lays aside the old method of having a geography and atlas, and com- bines the two in a single quarto volume of 72 pages, the maps being placed on the same page, and in im- mediate connection with the questions upon them, and the description of,the countries represented. The maps are made by a new art, of which Mr. Morse is the sole possessor, and are uncommonly clear, distinet, and accurate. The engravings are numer- ous and striking ; and the descriptions are given in brief and comprehensive sentences, and are con- fined to the leading features of the subject. The arrangement 8 such as to give a connected view of the countries embraced, and the statistics given are drawn from the latest and most authentic sources i Music.—Tae Lays or Asutann; Birch, New York.—This volume contains eight Whig songe, with symphonies and accompaniments, arranged | for the piano forte. Ifthe music is no better than the words ; poetry it cannot be called,—it 1s to be feared that neither at public meetings or circles, they will ever be deemed worthy core. Washington. {Correspondence of the Herald.] Wasnineton, August 3, 1844. Minister to Belgiwm—Col. Oldfield—Grand Noc- turnal Procession of the Polk and Dallas Boys— Political Meetings—Curious Case of the Uphol- sterer and the President’s Relative. Hon. Thos. G. Clemson, Chargé des Affaires to Belgium, left yesterday fur New York, to embark in the packet ship Argo, to sail on the Sth instant, for Havre. Mr. C. married Anna, the eldest daugh- ter of J.C. Calhoun. Hislady and children go out with him, Mr. C. is generally confided in as ad- mirably fitted for the post of minister to the Bel- gians. His appointment was unanimously confirm- ed by the Senate on the last day of the session. He stands near six feet six—a capital representative of the growth and development of the human faculties d physical proportions under tie genial atmos- phere of a free country. ee ee Chicago. (Correspondence of the Herald.) , Cxrcado, Inu., July 20, 1844. Resources of the Western Prairies—Rock River— Climate— Game—Felicity—The Herald— Chicago —Politics and the Mormons, $c. - Dyan Ma. Epiror: I have returned to this busy and fast growing city, after having travelled leisurely over a large part of Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsan. There is much to be said in praise and recommendation of many parts of all those immense regions, from whence, ere long, will flow more wool, grain, &c., than is produced in the old States of America. A large part of those countries is more peculiarly adapted to the raising of sheep, and it can be done at a cost so low, that were I to give the figures, it would be termed ridiculous, though true. AfteT wandering over those prairies for more than a year’ Thave come to the conclusion that the most beauti- ful and valuable section, is the Rock River coun- try. The soil is of the richest, and surface most varied ; generally high and rolling, with a sprink- ling of bluffs and ravines; admirable for sheep walks, as the grass is abundant and nutricious; groves and strips of timber dotting and lining here and there, and in sufficient abundance, with springs and creeks of limpid water, for al) the wants of man and animals; for mills, &c.— Then any number of farms may be selected where there is no malaria, or intermittent, or billious fever, over which flow during the summer, cool winds that arise as regularly with the sun, as within the tropics, and there is a freshness and fragrance in them, not found elsewhere. Rock River runs through this desirable and extensive track, and will shortly be made navigable to the Mississipp1, $40,000 only, being necessary to remove the obstacles. This ra- pid wad beautiful river runs through about 180 miles of the country, and now, when the waters are above the usual level, steamboats ply upon it trom the “Father of Waters,” with cargoeseach way. Ine year or two it is probable the limited obstructions will be removed so that boats may run at all sea- sons, except when locked up with ice. The banks of this river are mostly abrupt, therefore fiee of the swamps and bottoms that on other rivers give malaria and disease, nor does 1t overflow its shores carying destruction of life and property, as_has been on the borders of the Missouri, Illinois, Wa- bash,part of the Mississippi,and otherwestern rivers, and so extensively the present season. The Rock River country combines at least as good soil as is to be found southerly or westerly of it—a far more desirable surface for all useful purposes, for sheep and cultivation especially—it drains quickly—is ever safe from overflowing, as the present season so disastrous elsewhere has proved—the roads keep good, compared with those towards the ‘Great River,” and at all seasons (for 1 have wintered and summered there) are passable for loaded wa- gons, so that, except tor a few weeks during spring and autumn, they are always in excellent order.— Then above all other considerations, the climate is healthy, free from those diseases so fatal, if not to life, to the comfort and prosperity of settlers, in the lower and more flat southerly portions of the West. There are millions of acres here, where I believe residents are and will be as free from diseases pe- culiar to some sections of “new countries,” as in New England. I have, in those choice, high, and rich spots, seen many families who have resided there for two, four, six and nine years, without a | case of billious or intermittent tever. ‘Why then has the southerly and westerly points beea more early and rapidly populated? 1 answer because of the comparate ease with which those river borders could be reached by immigrants upon steamboats. They looked no farther former. iy—for what they eaw yrouueea so much more ‘Han the countries—the lands they had left, they | concluded nothing better existed ; many of those | unfortunates are now driven from their farms by } the floods, and with what hopeless feelings will | they cast their minds forward to the period when | the waters will abate and they return to look upon | the havock made—for can they ever renew their i labor on those epots with feelings of satisfacti Willnot the rational apprehension of another rising | of the waters almost banish hopes of safety? It is | desirable that settlers avoid taking up their abodes on spots liable to disease and disasters—and why | not, when there are others the reverse, and wit many other advantages, and costing no more’? No poor man—no man in middle circumstances pecu- uiary—no rich man should buy his farm, or hissec- | tion or UP eit the west, before he has gone | over the Rock iver country—for if hé does, and should afterward visit it, he will, probably, feel re- | gret and disappointment, as have many I have met on my travels. There may be found more advant- ages combined in the range of a levee farm, or small, in those prairies around Rock er, than elsewhere in the west, in my opinion, I have seen | spots including fine (tb of forest trees, slopes | just perceptible, gentle rolling, ravines and bluffs as | surface, with the richest and deepest soil, co’ | with grass that will keep sheep and cattle in best jeed—with inexhaustible quarries of three varieties of building and limestone—with springs of pure, always cold, water, and creeks that never fail or freeze and equal to driving flouring or other mills— with extensive views over the surrounding country for ten, twenty and filty miles, and a climate where sojourn, and the healthy preserve health; yes, within a range of compact two thousand acres have I seen all these desirable combinations, and much more of the beautiful and utile. Then th game—any desirable number of grouse, quail, hares, deer, and now and then a wolf—but the latter are the river, abundance of fine fish for the angler or spearsman, or net. i ous—shops, mechanics, and enough in the villages, epread over and growing up in this fine regtor here are enterprising aud piudent men now es' sishing sheep farms init, and many on a large ecale, of course, combining cattle and cultivation, but mainly for sheep, some equal to 4000, 6000, up to 10,000 sheep, Se. Isend you, for the benefit of auy of your numerous readers all over the world, who may desire to seek sure and liberal incomes, with enjoyments of the most rational and sutisfac- tory kind, some i«formation as to favorable poin s for farms, prices, aud other particulars, which please communicate to those who may apply to you. While rambling over these verdant seas, inhaling anatmosphere mude delicious and refreshing by the long ranges of high land and grass it passes over, to say nothing of the many fragrant and beau- tiful flowers, I have thought it preg that invalids do not visit such in search of health, or at least much good will result from the peculiar air that, though warm, exhillirates, when elsewhere simi- lar degrees of temperature opprees—nor is it ever hot on the high prairies alluded to, in comparison with the temperature duriog summer in almost every other section of the United States.. The con- veniences and comforts for travellers this way are equal to what may be found in the interior of the old Stat Are there not some of taste so good as to deviate from the railroad tracks to watering-places, where discomfort and weariness only are found, who will move over these novel scenes, via the Lakes, or overland, where health and cheerfulness may be gathered. I came into the west an invalid of many years, and have found great relief, that 1 had for a long time sought in vain in various parts of Europe, including Spain and Italy, which leads ine to dwell solong on the salubrity of the climate alluded to. What is there besides in this world so perfectly delicious—that will produce feelings, per- sonal and mental, so entirely agreeable and satis- factory, as a morning’s ride and an evening’s drive over the open prairies, with their various, though smooth surface—where you may guide where you list, without beaten tracks, (and no fence to turn you,) or give your horse the reins, and youreyes and other senses to the enjoyment of such a feast as is not to be found elsewhere—with what gusto will you not return to breakfast or the evening r:- vast, and wile away the hours with periodicals, the “Herald,” and conversation, until the hours again come round for out-doors pastime—riding, pane shooting and fishing—all within a few iniles, an in, such abundance that the sporteman cannot be the bearer of all his “doings” of a morning, but The venerable, erudite, and noble old codger, Granville Sharpe Oldfield, of Baltimore, formerly one of your New York merchants, is on a visit to Washington and his old friends among us. The city was taken by the democratic boys last nigntin an illuminated procession. They marched down the avenue ina lengthened line, to the music of two bands, while there were extended along the column sixteen oraamental transparencies, with all sorts of mottoes, paintings, engravings, devices, emblems, and what not. Asthey passed the coon shanty, in which the Clay Glee Club were rehears- ing some new chorasses; the critters in tue shanty took the alarm, “doused their glim,” and evacua- ted the temple. Doubtless they apprehended a storming of the premises. The boys were addrese- el by Law;er Hoban at his residence, and by Mr Brown of Indiana, (brother of the member of that name,) at ihe two hiekery poles which they had tived in the square opposite the coon cabin early ithe evening. Several political meetings im Maryland and Vir- rinia are held to-day, in the vicinity of Washing- ton. A number of our democratic | oog iid have gone out—Hon. W. W. Payne and Gen. Dawson, we understand, among them. Bor. Statx Erection s.—To-day elections take place in Kentucky, Alabama, Indiana, Illinois and Mis- ) our. must have a light wagon to take home the spoila. Yes, we may have the *‘ Herald” and other perio- dicals thrice a week and less than eight days old. I have enjoyed the perusal of your ‘daily,’ with many other gazettes, pamphlets, new novels, &e., in the hospitable mansion of a worthy pioneer in “Rock River country,” and for months, feeling as though in the busy, vexatious, conventional world. but not of it, could look on the distant chaos and not fear it—not even the Philadelphhia mobs and murderers—or the Tyler convention, or, bachelor as Tam, the dangerous example of immediate an- rexation Yes, in that fertile section is to be found the enjoyment of trne_ liberty and contentment, so tar_as this world affords them. Bs | The number of immigrants for northern Ilinois he present season, is greater than before. It ap vears that part of the west is becoming tore nown, and it needs only to be known 10 fill up vith setclers more rapidly than any other portion Inerease of comforts, [acilities and value of pro- verty, move in proportion. This gives rise to be: vne regret, viz: that roy rambles over the wide pen and joyous prairies, will become more limi ed by farms and fences! Cae 5 This city, Chicago, is fast growing in populatior and trade. Buildings are going up, as is the valur of realestate greatly. Thenit is probable the work yn the grand canal, which 18 to unite the waters of the great lakes with the Mississippi, Ohio, &c., will shortly be recommenced ; of course the effect will 1, when finished, greatly to inerease trade, value the invalid may find relief during a summer’s | faet disappearin, before the hunters and poison. In | Roads excellent and numer- | amelioration, during summer, for, in most cases, | of re I peopest , So. ence. It not diteady, there 7 weereie many italia, ki ate investments he le re wis, this part of the United States, ma and . so endowed with immense and inexhaustible resources, cannot long be eoutrate, WHET may have been previous d. errors of men. Her riches will put forth, and so 8von that period arrives, many men will be sur- prised, and not a few disappointed, that they had not foreseen the change and increased their capital . You may expect the August or November elec-! tion of Illinois will revolutionize, politically, the State. The whigs show by their ardour «nd joy- ousness that the victory willbe theirs. Indeed it is cheering to see their gatherings at the numerous conventions of late. Storms, fi or farms have no effect in keeping the party from meetings, where they hear, and from able men, their princi- ples advocated in contradistinction to the party no fixed principles. The Mormon feud may re- duce the number of the locofoco votes, but I do believe that had not that occurred the whigs would have carried the State, where every farmer (I had almost said every man) is for tariff of protection, and but few had ever heard of Polk or Dallas, un- tilthe mandate that they should take the mixture arrived from Baltimore. The loco’s are like men who have no confidence in the soundness or suc- cess of their cause ; they are down in their hopes cannot get up a meeting for advocating the no- ons of the party. Itisa truth, and many of sire to be beaten by such oppoaents as are ‘ainst the party and its principles, fi ‘ou will learn through other channels particulars of the late events at Nauvoo, Warsaw, &c., aud draw your own conclusions. But rest assured there will be a development that will not bonor the powers that be—members of the party that gavo the Mormons those incompatible and extraordinary privileges, and solely with a view to secure the votes of those fanatics. The-sin and all the train of evils, horrors, S&c., that huve been, and are yet to be. lays at the door of thedbco foco leaders. The Mormons, as a distinct claws-or body of men, must cease. "The work is b: fun, and they must ave Illineis, or merge, as do other sectarians, imtoi the macs—and why should jthey not? Why were they ever distinct? That curse of our coun- try, political party spirit, brought it about, and from rene to year, by renewed treaties between the eads of the Government of Illmois and the Smiths, has it been continued. Annually have alarme been got up of demands from Missouri for the surrender of the Prophy just previous to election; then fol- lowed negotiationsending with these terms:—" You pledge your 2,000 votes for us, and we guarranty your safety.” Now the Latter Day Suints are to perform, as did the Kilkenny cats—and should a tail be left, why. the suckers or pukes will devour it. Governor Ford’s prospects of getting into the Senate of the United States diminishes rapidly. Do enquire of that ‘* Though poor upon the Bone: am a devil at intrigue,” (attributed to the petit Gover- nor, as said of himself), why he, as Commander-in- Chief, run from the head quarters of the army under his command, near the scene of trouble and dan- er, and fled to Quincy (per steamboat) some hun- red miles from where his ‘duty called him.” These events are foreboding to that party—for “whom the Goda would destroy, they first make mad.” May | substitute—bad. Oo. Form or Praygx ror Tug Irish Pgor.r anp Tux Lingrator.—* O ploahty and eternal God! King of Kings, and supreme Lord of all earthl powers, be graciously pleased :o look down wit! compassion upon the Pevele of this country, and mercifully put an end to their sufferings. Give them patience to endure their unexampled priva- tions, and fill their rulers with the spirit of truth, humanity, and justices. Unite a'l classes in a per- severing love o saab cordial allegiance to our beloved Sovereign, and charity towards each other, Direct our legislators to enact laws founded upon thy holy commandments, and make Ireland _pros- rous and happy : and as thy servant, Daniel Connell, who has labored with so much geal and perseverance to promote these sacred objects, is now detained in captivity, give him grace to bear his trials with resignation, and in thy mercy vouch- safe to restore him to liberty, for the guidance and protection of {hy people, through our Lord and 2 men. Saviour Jesus Chris From Arrica.—The Lime Rock, a1 day, 56 days from Simon, via Monrovi and West Africa. She left on the coast, on the 25th May, the U.S. ships Macedonian and Saratoga, bound on a cruise to leeward as far as the Isle of St. . The U. 8, ship Decatur and brig Porpoise were cru’ to wind: ward. ‘The health of the officers and crews of the squad- Ton on that station was good when last heard frem The | number of vessels which had arrived at and sailed from Monrovia, from Ist April to 25th May, on their respective voyages, are as follows: one Hamburg galliot, ome Bre- men (rig, two American barks aud one brig. In addition to these, there are four French and six English vessels trading between Monrovia and the Isle of St. Thomas. Trade was dull, there being a large su; Ply of goods in all the factories on the const, and the pele ipal products of the country, such as camwood, palm oil and ivory, very scarce. During the time the Lime Rook was trading on the coast she was boarded by the British cruisers Perret and Repid, but treated with respect —N. O Bulletin, July 27. City Intelligence. ossible condition, either for summer or winter | , Felice Record—Avaver 4—A Very Heavy Havt.— ‘his morning, officerW. H. Stephens arrested the eviored steward, of the packet ship Utica, whose name is Benja- min Dorsey ; also a white man, named Frederick Watson, | for being concerned in robbing that vessel of silver plate | worth nearly $300, consisting of 24 silver forks, 24 | table, and 23 tea spoons. Had it not been for the vigi- lance of this officer, all the property would have been sa- crified, and have been melted down through the crucible ; but he had an eye on their movements, and found the | regues atten. pting to sell the same at Myer Cohrn’s, No. | 162 Leonard street, for six shillings the ounce. He seized | them both, and not only has placed them in eustody but Ls restored the entire property to the owners of the | Utica | Sassatn Baranens.—No less a number than 17 persons were arrested and brought to the Poliee, this morviug, for profanation in breal the Sabbath, by playing the game of racket, at No. 127 Anthony strect, on Sunday morning. | The keeper of the house Michael McCarten. was held to bail inthe sum of $400to answer, and the others in the sum of $200 each. Higuwarman,—Jobhn Henderson was arrested and is ful- | ly committed to take his trial, for violently seizing in eno of our public thoroughfares Jesse Reffurty, aud then cut- | [oe thes ir pocket which contained some money, and ing off, Guano Havi.—Justice Haskell with Captain Thorne of the Second District Wateh, arrested last evening, (8un- day) in a German porter house in Essex strect near the market, a number of Tier gambiing with oards and money onthe table and drinking. They aleo arrested in another porter house nearly opposite in Ludlow street, a number playing with dommoes and drinking. The money, cards and dominoes were taken possession of by the Justice. | Coroncr’s Department.—The Coroner held two inquests. | Boy Drownev.—Henry, aged 7 years, the son of | James Gilgen, of Ne. 126 Anthony street, fell into the | dock at tne toot of Robinsen street eee?) morsing waned. Verdictaccidental drowning. i ce THe Cavex oF Premature Dratm.—Ca- | therine , aged 26 years, born in Ireland, and who | lived at No, 201 Water street, died in convulsions lest | evening. She wase Nerd intemperate woman. Verdict | in this case, deatn by epileptic convulsions superinduced by Intemperance. —_—_—_—_————— @@- THE PERFORMING AND NON PERFORMING Members of the NewYork Sacred Music Society are part# cularly requested to be present at the rehearsal this even- ing, a8 business of the utmost importance will be laid be- HENRY MEIGUS, Secretary, fore them. 0G MEDICAL OFFICE, No. 68 GOLD STREET, (opposite Sands’ Drug Store.—Cancers and fistulas cu without cutting, all diseases of a delicate or of a private nature, syphilitic pains in the limbs, which are so often mistaken for rheumatism, great pain and swellings in the knee joints, pains in the head, back and Joins, cancers in the breast, nose and mouth, acrofula, scurvy, leprosy and ruptions, piles, &o. have claimed the parti- a medical and surgical practitioner of thirt; y hose diplomas, as such, are seen at hi Ottice, 63 Gold street, two doors from Fulton street. Per- sonal attendance,from 8 in the Lape teky 10 at night. Daily advice given gratis, N.B. Medicines put up; but no charge for cure until the cure is effected. Fees mode rate. 0G CHOLERA MORBUS, DIARRHOE AND THE various affections of the bowels, mcident to the season, are now making their appearance and carrying off great numbers, who, by timely application of the proper reme- dies, could have been saved. Dr. Shermon’s Camphor Lozenges are invaluable not only to produce immediate relief, but are a never failing preventive, and by using ther rigs the warm season,y cu will find yourstrength renewed They uct like wchatm in all nervous offections and palpitations, and those who are acquainted with their effects will never he without them. Dr. Sherman’s Ware- house is 106 Nassau street—Agents, 110 Broadway; 10 Astor House; Rushton’s, corner Broadway and | at. 227 Hudson street: 188 Bowery; 77 East Broadway ; 3 Led- ger Buildings, Philadelphia; and 6 State street, Boston. Og-A CLEAR, TRANSPARENT CHEEK, A BROW outshining the whiteness of pearl, a neck of snow—in a werd, a brilliant, dazzling compl yo, will take the place of sallow, pimpl ing one cake of Dr. Felix Gouri Boa; famons tor iD, 8 curing pimples, freckles, blotches, erysipelas, scurvy, salt rheam, barber's iteh, and all eruptions of inflammato: ry skins. This we warrant,orno money received. But be sure and get the genuine, at the old office, 67 Walker street, first store from Broadway. The 5 adroitness, uid andacity of counterfe.ters is really remarkeble—they have not only the superlacive impndénce to imitate our popular cosmetics, but the ignorant and vulgar wretches meanly imitate our advertise 5, our name inelnded, ving us only the protec of our old established store, and the uo qn omof all who nse the Itolian Medicated Soap, Poudre Subtile \or erndica- ting hair Liquid Vegetable Rouge, Blane D’Eepague or Spanish White, for the complexion, &o, Purchasers will therefore at once perceive the oaation that ia necéssary wo direct your steps to 67 Wolker street, firat and only store in the blick from Broadway, where may be had a reautitul Hair Dye, which will stein red or white hair lackorbrown Agents—64 Chesnut street, jphia; 2 Milk street, Boston; Carlton & Co., Lo- well; Green & Co., Worcester; Dyer, Providence; Ives, Salem; Bull, Hartford; Myers, New Haven; Ferre, Mid- dletown: Gray, Po'k ‘ade, Utica; Tousey, Re- chester; Pearce, All Hedson. eepsia, Wi ibany ; Storrs,