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NEW YORK HERALD. oe New verk, Wednesday, January 94, 1944. —— paper they ure e deficient. ‘What would known of the daily movements of ay. if only gources of information were n Does any great question agitate the popular mi QG- We refer the public to the advertisement in another has any new and original movement commenced— column of the choice collection of humorous, entertaining | has public opinion spoken out in any particular and instructive English periodicals and papers, tor sale at | case—to what quarter do men look for the intelli- the desk of the Herald office, which arrived by the Bri- tannia yesterday. Later and Most Astound Intelligence from Ireland=—The Crisis Approaching— Conspiracy to Massacre the Protestants Throughout Ireland. We have received private letters from Dublin, conveying intelligence whose accuracy is sus- tained by persons connected with the Vice-Royal government, and which is °f the mest alarming character. It appears that the trial of O'Connell has been determined on as the signal for some si- multaneous outbreak all over the kingdom. In some quarters a general massacre of the Protes- tants has been darkly hinted at; and the firing of the city of Dublin, and similar attempta in the principal cities and towns, are spoken of in other quarters as having been agreed upon. These and other rumors of the same ustounding description, are circulating every where, and we need scarce- ly add, excite the utmost consternation and alarm. Meaawhile the British government are pouring troops and munitions of war into Ireland, and every possible preparation has been made to resist any popular outbreak. But the present state of things in that long-dis- tracted country, will be at once perceived more clearly from the statements in the letter referred to, which we accordingly annex, and whose accu- Tacy is, we repeat, unquestionable: Dupin, Jan, 1, 1644, I have now some interesting information on the State trials, and Ireland as it is. On the 16th of January the tri- als come on ; what the result will be, no one can conjec- ture—~or whether a disturbance will be the result. I the preparations (warlike) the government ure making, people here are inclined to think they have some very good information that something important will be the re- sult—though Dan is preaching peace. The government have gone to a great expense by their preparations and fortifications, laying in of provisions, ammunition, and God knows what all. If they had not some good and un- questionable information, they never would have gone to such expense. [t isawell known fact, there was an in- tended massacre to be of all the country Protestants;this the country people keep no secret ; they say they are only waiting for the word of command. Dan is at the head and tuil of this plot. ‘The Attorney General’s opening speech, I hear, will make the hairs of one’s head stand on an end ; the frightful discoveries he has made, through one of the repeal clan—they know there is an enemy in their camp, but who that enemy is they know not. It is however very well known that that enemy is a priest Such is the state of Ireland. Theze is nothing doing in the way ef trade. Never was Dublin Known to beso full as_at present —every one who can env the country parts, are daily pouring in—our are so crowded there is no getting along to one’s business—and accordingly, as the 15th approaches, we may stillexpect the country folks ings and house rent have increased beyond all tion, and parties who never before let lodgings are now doing so. Yet, for all that, there is no busi Shopkeepers are filling the baakrupts? li An account has reached town of a discovery that has been made at Achill, in the county Mayo, for the blowing up of all the Protestants in thut Island. The plot was laid. and ready for the signal. The priest of the Island fancied one of the conspirators had oe information to the Pro- testants of the intended murders, which he never did tell to mortal ; however, the priest denounced him without a hearing from the altar—and he then turned evidence against the lot of cons ‘irators. Such is the news in town this day, brought in tome—but until you have it from me as truth, you are not bound to believe the report. I be- lieve there is no doubt ere long the Catholics will try to do some mischief to the Protestants of the land. About the 15th January, we are told Dublin will be set fire to in a hundred different places at once. Is not this a pretty look have a foul out? Inthe county Tipperary, every day nt. By de- murder, in cold blood, of a harmless Prote grees the country parts will be cleared. P.S. There is some foundation as to the truth of the Achill discovery. The fires were d ready to be lighted, to burn the town, but was detected just before the match was put to. This letter presents acondition of aflairs on the other side of the Atlantic, of which the news- papers give us no inkling ; and this, indeed, is a very remarkable and significant sign. The papers are afraid just now to meet those rumors boldly and openly. This very quiet, and apparent absence of all alarm—at least of all public manifestation of it—is ominous ; and the movements ot O’Connell himself, and the repealers throughout the country, are very expressive. Nothing is so demonstrative of the perfect, and universal organization ot the disaffected portion of the Irish people, as the un- broken submission, and implicit obedience uni- formly discovered to all the mandates of their leaders, with respect to the observance of peace and order. O’Connell, himself, appears to be keeping quietly aloof for the present. We should not be at all surprised to hear very soon of some terrible commotion and outbreak in Ireland. It is quite foolish to suppose that the long pent-up flood of indignant sense of wro:g, hatred of England and Protestantism, and excited feeling, so artfully nurtured and stimulated by poli- tical demagogues, can be safely turned aside. The flood-gates may burst open sooner than many imagine, and anawful scene of destruction be pro- duced. We trust this calamity may long be avert- ed; but the astounding intelligence,which we have just given, has, necessarily, excited much appre- hension, and we shall await, with great anxiety, the next arrival from Europe. New Yorx Newsprarers anp THE MERCHANTS.— The publication of the late important intelligence from Europe, demonstrated in a very remarkable manner the indolence, inefficiency, and worthless- ness of the Wall street papers, as contrasted with the cash papers published generally in the neigh- borhood of the Park. Great anxiety pervaded the whole commercial community with respect to the news from Europe. It was looked for with intense interest. Immense quantities of cotton were held in the markets of this continent, awaiting the receipt of the account of prices on the other side of the Atlantic. Ameri- can produce to the extent probably of fifty millions of dollars, and whose value was to be influenced to the extent of ten or twelve millions additional, was thus retained. Well, in these circumstances, what did the Wall street papers dot? They did not make the slightest effort to procure the intelligence so anxiously expected, and which was to exercise such an important influence on the whole com- mercial community. But the cash papers, on the other hand,employed expresses at a large expense, brought the news with the greatest possible expedi- tion to this city, and extras containing all the im- portant news were issued, especiallyfrom this office, with the utmost promptitude, and despatched by that evening's mailall over the country. And then, next day, the Wall street papers, like lazy, worth- lesa, miserable concerns as they are, and with cha- racteristic meanness, came out with abstracts of the foreign news, taken from the cheap, cash pa- pers. Amore signal triumph of energy and enter prize over indolence and inefficiency, was never exhibited. And yet in the face of all this, and a hundred other similar instances, we find the commercial community bestowing their patronage on a class of newspapers which are utterly and shamelessly regardless of their interests, whilst at the same time, with a degree of ingratitude, which is almost Incredible, we find them uniformly and almost to a man, joining in the hue and cry against the cash papers, who spare neither expense, nor industry, nor energy,to advance the interests of those engag- ed in trade and commerce. What shadow of re- turn do these Wall street papers make for that pa- tronage which they receive from the traders, finan- ciers and merchants? Do they spend one dollar? Do they put forth asingle energy? Do they exert themselves in the slightest degree for the purpose of advancing the commercial interests? Not they.— Like lazy, lumbering masses of inertia, as they are, they go on from one end of the yearte the other, dealing out trashy, soporific articles about po- litieal questions of no earthly value to any body, except the traders in politics, and news from twen- ty-four hours to a fortnight behind the industrious, enterprising, energetic papers published on the cash principle. And the laziness, negligence, and inefficiency of the Wall street press, are not discovered only in their disregard of the interests of the great mercan- tie comm whose especial organs they affect be with an inmpudence twuading which is perfectly as in every thing which coustitutesa news- | gence? Where but to the cash papers? Tne Wall | street prints seem to care as little for the general business of the world, and the progress of society, as they do for the interests and prosperity and suc- cess of the commercial classes. And then, again, with respect to the influence possessed by the two classes of papers—how alto- gether powerless are the Wall street papers! It isthe cheap, cash newspaper press which alone regulates, and directs, and controls the great popular mind. Cirenlating every where—read every where—own- ing no petty sectional influence—subservient to no cligue—but speaking out, at all times, the whole truth on every subject which properly comes under its review—spreading, from one extremity of the jand to the other, full and accurate reports of all public movements and events—rr is THE prese—the best guardian of individual and social liberty—the great director of popular sentiment—the true con- servative agency which guards and preserves the stability of the constitution and the laws. Political Movements. The suchems of Tammany Hall have refused the request of the friends of General Cass, to be allow- ed the use of that building for their great meeting to take place on the 6th of February next. This wil! not, of course, prevent the meeting,which will be held in Washington Hall, or some other equally suitable and capacious room. But the refusal of the Tammany dictators to extend the desired courtesy to those of their brethren, who have cast in their lot with the Cass movement, will necessa- rily exeitea good deal of unpleasant feeling, and contribute in a very great degree to the temporary dismemberment of the party. The Cass men thus indignantly cast off from the recognition of the leaders of the Tammany locofoco party, will in all probability at once make common cause with the friends of Mr. Calhoun, and all the straggling politicians who are opposed to the Baltimore Con- vention, and join in a strong, united effort, which will exhibit itself in all its force at the proposed Fourth of July Convention in Philadelphia. Mr. Calhoun’s friends here have taken ground openly and decidedly against the Baltimore Con- vention, and a letter from their leader on the sub- ject is daily expected to appear. His friends in the House of Representatives are also decided on this point. A general ground ofunion and co-operation, is thus presented to all the elements in the demo- cratic party, which are opposed to Mr. Van Buren. All these movements must certainly have the ef- fect of weakening the strength of Mr. Van Buren. They cannot, it is true, reduce him to an absolute minority, but they must render the contest be- tween him and Mr. Clay more equal, and therefore more uncertain and exciting. In 1836, Mr. Van Buren had to contend with powertul opposition in his own ranks, but he effectually triumphed over Mr. Clay. True, he broke down in 1840, but the election of General Harrison was the result of new and altogether fortuitous circumstances. In 1836 the country was apparently ia a state of re- markable prosperity. It was a fictitious prosperity, to be sure, but still 1t kept the country in a quies- cent state. The people were satisfied with the ex isting state of things. They didnot desire change. But in 1840 a very different aepect indeed was pre- sented. The terrible revulsion of 1837 had swept over the land. Every body was ina state of alarm and apprehension of still greater adversities. Dis- aster met the eye everywhere. The people were ready for change ef any soit, which might promise relief. It was in the heat of this intense excite- ment that General Harrison was elected. But now affairs have taken another turn. The country is igain quiescent. Trade and commerce and the business of the country generally, have revived. Prosperity again dawns upon us. Any violent change is dreaded. All the people want is to be let alone. There is now no bank question to agi- tate the popular mind. Indeed, despite of all the efforts of interested politicians, the people will not allow themselves to be disturbed and distracted. {n these circumstances the chances of Mr. Van Buren are quite different from what they were in 1840. Yet the defections and sepurate organiza- ‘ions now in progress will render the coming con- flict infinitely more interesting, and its issue more uncertain than they otherwise would have been. Tuurtow Werp ann Wees.—Thurlow Weed has taken up Colonel Webb’s case in opposition to he will of old Robert Stewart. He reviews Webb's version of the story as published in the Courter, and comes to the conclusion that Webb has been very badly treated—that Lispenard Stewart has acted with great injustice to his sisters—that he ought to burn the will—and that Webb has satis- factorily refuted the statement that he had received and expended his wife’s share of the property. The expression of Thurlow Weed’s opinion respecting the hardship of our friend Webb’s lot, is all very well, and is, we dare say, very consolatory to the sufferer; but the assertion about the repayment by Webb ot all the moneys received from the estate, is another matter. It is quite true that Col. Webb has said so, but how does it happen that on his schedule in bankruptcy the sum of $29,000 is not set down as owing to the Stewart estate? How does that fact agree with the statement now ad- vanced in the Cowrier? Our amiable friend must try again to clear up this mystery. Quarrets or AvtHors.—The numerous fry of New York letter writers in the country journals, begin to abuse each other most unmercifully. It seems that a sort of coalition has been formed amongst a number of them, for the purpose of writing down N. P. Willis. They are envious of his superior talents in the epistolary line, and pos- session of facilities for learning all the very impor- tant fashionable intelligence and goesip, which are juite beyond their reach, and which they are obli- ged to retail at second hand. One of these smali ‘iterateurs who scribbles two colzmas a week for a fartford paper, has a very savage attack on Willis, charging him with being a gross and rascally libel- ler of American women. This is certainly a queer iceusation against Mr, Willis, who has been gene- rally regarded as one of the most especial cham- ions of the sex. It is founded, however, on his sgsertion, that in American society there are no conveniences for conversation, for the very satis- factory reason that there is no conversation to pro- vide for. This appears to have nettled the corres- pondent of the Hartford paper exceedingly. He gently insinuates that Mr. Willis’ society is none of the most intellectual, and informs us that he himself knows better, having access to circles composed of the best materials in the city, and he 1s ready to swear by all the gods that American women can talk like angels, The best service these scribblers could do the ladies of America, would be to let the dear creatures alone. Tre Anti-Corn Law Lraaue.—There appears to be no doubt, from the enormous lists of sub- scriptions published in the free trade papers, that the Anti-Corn Law League will raise the greatest part of the £100,000 fund before the meeting of Parliament on the Ist of February. This immense sum of money is to be applied in the promotion of free trade principles, which by the way, appear to be rapidly extending, even in the most impene- trable of the agricultural vistricts Messrs. Cobden, Bright & Moroe address meetings in different towns every day; they do not appear to allow themselves a day’s relaxation, whilst the details of the Leagues’ business are conducted by men equally industrious, but who are behind the scenes. If Ireland is already one of Sir Robert Peels “ diffi- culties,” the League is another; and we should J not be surprised if the right honornble baronet, in order to relieve himself, became a tree trader, for his principles are as elastic as India rubber some days past¥ invi by a number of the families, nt at this popular house, among friends, for a soirée on Friday evening last, which, it was understoad, was to be given on a grand scale. From the excitement which has recently been created in {aver of this establishment—hither- toin such high standing—growing out of the shame- u }packet barque Auahwac, By the +, Captain sailed from Vera Cruz on the 8lst ult., ed | tle news to communicate, but this is important, Information has been received of a decree issu- ed bythe Mexican government, compelling all Ame- ricans to leave California. This order was issued ome months since, but was concealed from our Minister at Mexico until recently, when he receiv. less and unfounded rumors, which had no exist- | ed information of its existence trom another source. ence in the minds of those at all acquainted with the respectable parties, and but an hour’s rage with | Madam Rumor’s gaping throng, it was generally | understood that the affair was getting up as a com- | pliment to Mrs. Howard ; but we learn that the | soirée was one provionely contemplated by the | guests of the hotel, though it ie quite probable the | circumstances alluded to above, stimulated those | engaged in it toproduce an entertainment, which, | for style and splendor, has far exceeded any thing of the kiad we have ever witnessed in this repub- lican country. The rooms opened were all those on the main floor of the Hotel, the entire front on Broadway having been thrown together as parlors and dancing rooms, presenting a range of 100 feet. | The first. room, onthe corner of Broadway and Maiden Lane, was used as the reception room, and was decorated with costly mirrors and paint- ings; amongst which the celebrated painting of Conrad and Medora—a superb full length picture— | was conspicuous. This painting, it may be re- membered, was the one which attracted such at- tenuon, when displayed in the rooms of Presi- dent Tyler, dash his stay at Howards. From the | reception room, the company passea through the | next two richly deeorated parlors to the dancing | rooms—the first of which was ordinarily used as the ladies’ dining hall, and was ornamented in the | most tasteful and expensive style, with rich paint- | ings, draperies, and festooned with wreathes of evergreens most beauufully arranged. _ The adjoin- ing room, to the north of the ladies dining hall, of equal size, presented a naost ba gaa effect, being hung dhronghout with oriental tapestry, sur- mounted with Turkish wreaths, interlaced with | various colors, and illuminated with about one | hundred and fifty lights. In which ever way the | company promenaded, they saw before them | mirrors, extending from the floor to the ceiling, which seemed to lend not only enchantment to the view, but extent of view | to the enchantment. The Hall at the head of the main staircase on the Broadway entrance, | was hung with massive crimson silk damask, pre- | senting the appearance of a royal tent, as we read ofduck ancient displays in romance. The rooms onthe left of the hall, as the guests entered the private entrance on Maiden lane, were all opened as dressing and card rooms, and appropriately fur- nished. The band, which was Dodsworth’s best, was arranged at the head of the principal dancing room in such a manner that the music was equally heard throughout the rooms occupied, and of itself possessed a charm which quite enraptured the lo- vers of music. We heard the music of the Posttl- lion particularly praised. ‘The principal dancing hall connects iit the long marble tiled dining hall, which had been shut of by rich damask cur- tains, which at half past eleven rose at the signal of the band, who played a march while the de- lighted company promenaded around the gorgeous table, which was arranged in a style never surpass- ed if equalled on any similar oceasion. It were in vain to attempt a description of the splendor of this feature of the entertainment. A tastefully and de- licately arranged wreath of myrtle formed a border to the cloth, and the table, which extended the en- tire length of the hall, was completely filled with dishes and ornamental pieces, which none but the artists who formed them could have named. The word was soon spread that the decorations and contectionary ornaments were designed for this first and only appearance, and the example being set by the managers, the fairy temples, castles, beasts and birds, were despoiled of their magic co- vering, and lo! they diselosed, each and every of them, viands as agreeable to the taste as their out ward dress was to the eye. This new artin the composition of supper table decorations was voted a decided improvement, The arrangements of the affair, we learn,were under the entire direction of Mrs. Howard, and the table was wholly got up within the establishment, without foreign aid, The company amply proved the estimable qualities of the table, and paid a just tribute to the excellence of the wines, which a g@est remarked were of the rarest sorts, and if Bacchus squeezed the grapes, he must have had the goddesses of Plenty for his handmaids. When the guests returned from the feast, danc- ing was resumed, and at this time Mrs. Howard made her appearance, and was warmly greeted by her numerous friends. She led off the first qua- drille with one of the leading managers, and it wat evident that she was quite as much at home in gra- cing the Ball, as she was happy in directing the as- rangements for it. Tue Sraten Istanp Murper.—The examina- tien in the case of Polly Rodine closed yesterday evening. She ie fully committed for trial. Raw Roapv Accrivent.—Yesterday afternoon, as the two o’clock train from this city was pro- ceeding to Elizabethtown, when about half a mile from the Newark depot, it came in contact with a colored man, who was discovered by the engineer lying across the track; but so great was the fog, that it was impossible to stop the train in time to prevent the collision. He was carried a short dis- tance by the cow scraper, and it is supposed he was crushed to death by the ash pan of the engine The coroner was instantly summoned, and an in- juest was being held when the carsleft. The man was supposed to have been drunk. Fire.—A fire broke out at 12 o’clock last night in the paper hanging warehouse, 326 Pearl street. The fire was extinguished without much damage being done. nd ier Travet on THE Ockan.—The Great Western and her monster mate, the Great Britain,will make ten voyages this year. The French steamers will make iwenty. This will give us more than two steamers each month. Quick Passace.—The Patrick Henry, Captain Delano, arrived last night from Liverpool, with ad- vices to the 26th ult. At this rate, we shall re- ceive later news from Europe some time next week, Wuat Nexr?—The packet ship Oxford, Captain Rathbone, from Liverpool, arrived last Monday, came within an hour of beating the Britennia out of a week’s news. The steamers must take care of their heels. endl Pacxer Sw Zuricn —This ship, for her beauty, has already received the name of the “ Fair Zu- rich.” When she dipped into the East River on Monday, our bay looked more like Lake Zurich in its tranquillity than the Bay of Naples. Allmust see the fair Zurich before she goes to France. Navau.—List of officers attached to the U. 8. ship Preble, which sailed on Sunday from Boston on special service :— Commander, Thomas W. Fennelon ; Lieutenants, James Findlay Schenck, Geo, A Prentiss, H. T. Wingate, Chas W. Pickering ; Acting Master, C.8. Van Allstine ; Purser, George F. Sawye: id Assistant Surge Wetson Kellog ; Passed Midshipman, Henry A, Cle Mid shipmen, W. E. Hopkins, H G. Brown, Hunter Davidson Acting Midshipmen, Edward G. Reynolds, Thomas T. Houston, Clement D. Hebb ; Gunner, Benjamin Bunkler ; Boatswain, Samuel Drew ; Carpenter, John A, Deckason; Sailmaker, samuel B. Bannister; Captain’s Clerk, Chas. ©, P. Parker ; Purser’s Clerk, T. D. Burnham. §g-We understand that Mr. Schuberth, instead of returning to Europe, as was understood to be his intentions, has made an arrangement with Vieux- temps to attend to his Concerts, in the same way that he did to Ole Bull’s. Ole Bull, Vieuxtemps and Schuberth, are now in New Orleans giving con- certs. Srrenpip Bati.—We direct attention to the ad- vortisement in another column, of the magnifi- cent ball to be given in the Twelfth Ward, at the Railroad House, Harlem. It is given by ‘young America” of that gallant ward, and from the ar- rangements made, we have no doubt it will bea very brilliant affair. Many of the greatest belle- of the island will be there. Granp Festtvau.—The ladies of the Nassau street Congregation, give a grand festival to-mor- row night at the United States Hotel. Fair hands will pour out the delicions tea—music, recitations, and appropriate addresses will enliven the evening. Professor Bronson and Mr. Nash have volunteered their valuable services. A Lapres Fesrivan will be given this evening at the capacious Tivoli Saloons, corner of Varick and Charlton streets. Rey. Dr. Scudder from the East (ndies, will give a brief history of his labors in tha section of country ; the Rev. Mr. Canfield will ex hibit plans of the great Mammoth Kentucky Cave, the Nauvoo City, &e. &c. Dan’l D. Bree, Exq. will sing several solos—a splendid brass band will ‘liven the company at intervals—a supper spread vad all for 50 conts—the proceeds to go for ehari- table purposes Gen. Thompson has demanded an explanation from the Mexican government, which was withheld, and the mail of the 30th brought to Vera Cruz in- telligence that Gen. Thompson had given the go- vernment a stated time, when, if not satistactorily explained, he will demand his passports and leave the country. He was expected at Vera Cruz at all events in afew days,to embark for the U. States on # visit to his family. President Tyler’s message had been received at Vera Cruz, and that part relating to Texas and Mexico will no doubt create great excitement in Mexico. The following men of war were lying off the an- chorage at Sacrificios:— U. 8. shi; Captain Buchanan. British brig Albatross, Captain York. French corvette Le Brilliante, Grition, and brig Mercure, under command of Com- modore Regnaud. Spanish frigate Isabella Il, Captain Corva, The Anahuac brings the last payment made on account of the Mexican claims, amounting to $140,000. The U.S. ship Vincennes, Captain Buchanan, arrived at Vera Cruz on the 28th December, from a cruize in the Gulf. All well, From Sr. Dominco.—By the schooner Council, Capt. Baker, arrived last night from Port au Prince, we have intelligence to the 3d instant, but no news of importance. There was great rejoicings at Port uu Prince on New Year’s day, on account of the election of a new President. Markets for American produce were good. City Intelligence. Police —Nothing before the police yesterday worthy of public note—smull offences of small importance. Joroner’s Office—Tuesday, Jan. 23.—A young man named Wm. Perkins, a native of England, recently in the employ of Messrs. D. Appleton & Co., booksellers, No. 200 Broadway, as a laborer, was accidentally killed on Mon- day in the following manner, He had been engaged in removing books from the shelves in the third story of their establishment, and had elevated himself to a position higher than the railing that surrounds the skylight im the centre of the building. In endeavoring to remove a bun- ile of books placed upon a shelf, he caught hold of a string: ttached to it, which suddenly gave way, and losing his balance, he was precipitated to the first story of the building. Mr J.B, Evans, who was standing near him, grasped at his leg as it passed over the railing, but was unable to hold him. He was immediately removed to the City Hospital, where he died in an hour afterwards Ver- diet—* accitental death.” Buryap ro Deatu.—A female child of E. W. Dougher. ty, of 64 Lewis street, aged five years, was burned to deat! by her clothes accidentally taking fire in the absence of her mother. Cireult Court. Before Judge Kent, Janvany 28-—dinether Libel Suit—Epencius E, Gray vs Moses ¥. Beach.—This case was resumed by Mr. L. Jordan on the part of the plaintiff Gray, who called a num- ber of witnesses to prove the nuisances and annoyances which Gray hed suffered at the hands of Beach and his employes, which disagreement had compelled Gray to leave ‘the offices he occupied in the building before the time had expired for which he hired them of the former proprietor, Mr. Benedict. The nuisances consisted of a noise made by amachine Beach had put up, called a dumb waiter —of a colored lamp which shed its glimmering rays firect into the lawyer office, and greatly annoyed him and his clients; and et astench of gas, and a noise from the press room occasioned by the working of the macht- nery of @ engine, The plaintiff also alleged that Beach had caused him to loose several valuable clients, by the notice which he had published of, and concerning the rent which was not due to Beach. but to Benedict. For the defence, a number of witnesses were examined, who endeavored ‘to prove the reverse of testimony of plaintiff, but the matters in controversy possess but little interest to the general reader. The case will go to the Jury to-morrow (Wednesday) afterthe summing up of Messrs. Jordan and O'Connor. Common PI Before Judge Ingraham. Jax, 28.—Breach of Contract—Samuel Wilks vs. Duval ¥ Tibbatts—In this case,the plaintiff is a mechanician from ‘Sngland, who arrived in this country last fall,to introduce some eset kind of mechanical articles, the construc- tion of which he possessed the secret of, and among others 1 hinge, applicable to doors, boxes, and other appurte nances.' He also had shipped a quantity of these articles, ind in the month of September the plaintiff’ and the de- endants entered into an agreement, by which the defend- ants were to have the benefit of his inventions and also of vie ecrvitos, on the payment of a cert mn down, # weekly ealary, and some proportion of th fits which should accrue from the prosecution of the business. Wit) this intents they repaired to a lawyer's to draw up the agreement, who, finding that Wilks was an alien, said it would be necessary to go to Washington and get a patent which would cost $600. and the Attorney hinted that there might be some doubts about the getting of the patent,upon which one of thedefendants said,if we cannot get a paten' there, there 18 no use going on with the agreement. Sul sequently it was ascertained that a patent could be obtain- vd for $800, and the parties then went on to conclude their contract, by which defendants were to pay a sum of money and to have two thirds of the patent right when obtained $600 was to be paid in money, and a note given for the balance, which was to be deposited in th hands of Phelps, Dodge & Company, until the goods hed been exhibited and found equal to the repre- sentation. The defendants were nawilling to pay any money, until they were satisfied that they should derive he benefit of the patent right. Subsequently to this, ano- ther agreement was drawn up, by which the plaintif’ wa: to receive $900 in addition to his wages, and a share of the profits to the amount of at least $1,000 pei m. Other objections were however raised, und this second agree- ment was not signed. For the defence, it was set up that some fraud was intended, inasmuch as the hinge wax not 1 new contrivance, and no patent ever conld have heen obtained. It was also set up that the plaintiff had not the ‘ight to the patent, and the articles imported were not what they were represented to be. Several witnesses lealers in hardware and others, were examined on these eints. The Court charged that it was an action for » breach of contract, and the jury must be satisfied that the parties ayreed to purchase the property. in order to enable the plaintiff to recover. With respect to the contract it self, it appears to be a contract to purchase the tools, and the jury are to consider itas a contract for the purchase of goods, as the whole paper must be taken together ar one contract. The question must be submitted to the iury, whether the plaintiff undertook to sell what he did not possess, or whether he meditated any fraud; it not being the question whether the kind of hinge was new or not, but whether the plaintiff possessed the knowledge o! making it. The defendants alleged fraud, but it must be made out by them before they could call on the plaintifl to rebut it. The question of fraud must be left to the jury, who would judge whether the plaintiff had held himself out as the inventor, when he was not. Counse! on both sides excepted to the charge, and the jury retired and found for the plaintiff, damages $1,261 3). For plaintiff, Messrs. Gerard and Isaac P. Martin, For lefendants, James T. Brady. Court Calendar—This Day. Cincurt Count.—Nos. 43, 37, 67, 63, 70, 65, 46, 47, 38, 34, 35, 40, 68, 7, 29,8, 64, 66, 25, 64, Common Pr 1,72, 4, 14, Amusements. CratHam Treatre.— To-night ¥ ' Messrs. Myers, Sanford, White, Edwards and Carter, the Virginia Serenaders, have their names up for a Benefit The strains of music, andthe dance, will be varied, en- Iarged, and improved, and the Band strengthened by the adventitious aid of Booth, Sherman, Morris, and half » jozen others of like ilk. The Foundling of the Forest will be played, and the farce of Bum hogy, in which Williams and Cool White appear. To morrow secure tiekets early ; it is for the Benefit of Mr. Palmer, the worthy Treasurer. Tus ts A Granp Famiiy Hortmay at the Ameri- can Museum, splendid performances taking place at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, for the convenience of la fies, children and schools, and the same is repeated in the evening at 7. It is enough to say that Dr. Valentine, Mona. and Madame Checkeni, Great Western, and others, compose the company. The albino boys, who are as white ax snow, but with flat noses, thick lips, woolly air, and every other peculiarity of the African race, may he seen at all hours; and the wonderful fortune-telling Gypsy Queen is ever ready for private consultations.— There will be crowded houses, The_sale of one half of the paintings at the corner of Chambers street and Broadway, which vas to have taken place yesterday, 1s postponed to Friday morning. The remainder to Tuesday norning next. Tae Anoto-American.—This periodical con- tains a very interesting selection of current Euro- vean literature, and Evropean news. It is elegantly zot up and is getting a large circulation. Office, 6 Ann street. Tue Sanra Fe Travers.—A gentleman lately wrived from Santa Fe, which he left on the 165tl November, states that on the day previous to his depar- tre he was informed that four hundred soldiers had been directed to leave Chihnahua on the 6th, for the purpose of guarding the port of Santa Fe and preventing smug: gli if Nearly all the companies of Traders from Mie souri had reached Santa Fe, but had suffered a good deal on the way. Thirteen Spaniards had died—twelve of them from fever and ague. They were ont 106 days, and yome of the sick were still on the road. The Mexican Cradera had one hundred and filty wagons; Connelly and Glangow forty-two, and Armijo fifty-two. The value ol he goods carried out by these caravans is estimated, af the cost price in the United States, at $475,500, the cost vf wagons, teams, &o. at $121,400—making a total of $596, 100,—St. Louis Republican. Execrrion or Stormauer —Solomon Shoema ker, convicted of the murder of his own brother, was ex: cuted at Zanesville, Ohio, on Friday, in the presence of 0 people, including women with babes in their arms aod other children. BY SOUTHERN MAIL. wi on. [Correspondence of thefHerald.} Wasurnoton, Jan. 22, 1844. The Senate was but a short time in Executive Seasion—and did nothing of any public interest. 1 believe they had under consideration some treaty of minorimportance. Thus we are still left in renewed excitement and uncertainty in relation to the confirmation or re- jection of executive appointments. I presume no farther action has been had by the | President relative to new appointments. | 1 see by yesterday’s Herald that you are alto- gether in advance of all other papers with Mr. Merrick’s Post Office Bill. It is the same that was presented by him, and twice read to-day. It will be printed—and then I will send you a copy. TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. Senate. January 22, 1844. Repucrion or Postace.—Mr. HunTixeton pre- sented a petition from 351 citizens of Middletown, Conn_, asking for reduction of postage. Mr. H. ac- companied the presentation with some remarks ex- prone his conviction that there is a general pub- ic demand for post office reform by the people. at large—that postage should be reduced, the franking privilege abolished, and other reform made. Mr. H. expressed his own strong opinion that there should be an immediate reform. Banxtne House or Tur U. 8. Banx.—Mr. Bu- CHANAN presented a petition from merchants and others off Philadelphia ng that the present build- ing in that city used for a Custom House, is wholly insufficient for its purposes, and asking that Con- gress will purchase the above named building, which it is stated can now be bought for $300,000. The old Custom House will bring $50,000, thus re- ducing the expense to $250,000, w ich is less than one third of the cost of the New York Custom House. It is said that the lot on which the house now stands, and the building itself, will bring, if now sold, only the bare worth of the marble, and of the lot. ’ Mr. Hunrineron said he had received letters, as Chairman of the Committee on Commerce, rela- tive to this subject, and intimated, if the petition were referred to that committee, t ey would give it all that attention which it deserved. Vermont.—Instructions from the Legislature of this State were read, Tequiring their representa- tives in Congress to vote, &c. against any change of the present tariff. . x _Posr OrFice RErorm—Mr. Merrick presented his bill—of which Ihave already sent you the outline on this subject. It was read twice and_ ordered to be printed—again referred back. Mr. Merrick ac- companied the presentation with some remarks upon the nature and character of the bill. [The feeling of the Senate seems to be strongly favora- ble to an immediate reform.] . _ Mr. Evanson tHe Tartrr—[The galleries are full, but not cromiea The resolution before up, and upon which Mr, McDuffie has already spoken, is now again called up, and Mr. Evans pro- ceeds to reply to Mr. McDuffie. He began with saying that he felt but little interest in this subject; ithas been so often argued that there can be nothing new said. Truth is eternal. Nothing new but ex- perience. The first topic which Mr. E. discussed, was the injustice alleged by the Hon. Senator (McD.) of raising all revenue of the Government by duties imposed upon imports. He (Mc- Duffie) had said no other nation does it. But other nations, overburdened with debts, and unable to, raise all their revenue by their duties, are no guide to this nation which can do it. Mr. E showed, at some length, that duties upon imports was acknowledged by all political economists to be the best and most appropriate method of raising revenue. Mr. Evans next proceeded to examine at length and in detail the provisions of the tariff of, 1842, for the purpose ot proving that it isa tariff of revenue—in opposition to Mr. McDuffie’s argu- ment,by which he endeavored to show that the tariff of °42 was ‘ unjust, oppressive and iniquitous, with, falsehood stamped upon its face, and not a tariff for revenue, but a tariff for plunder.” The argu- ments here used were such as are commonly em- ployed on this side of the question. A tariff deve- lops the industry of the People and their resources, ind thus furnishes them with the means of purchas- ing dutiable articles, which again furnishes reve- que. Mr. E. charged Mr. Mob. with arguing from shilosophy and speculation, without facts. He negged to call his attention to the inductive or Baconian system of philosophy, which deduces sonclusions from facts. His (McD.’s) theory said hat duties upon imports enhanced prices. Facts wroved that these duties diminishes prices. McD. says prices fell not in consequence of the duties, vat in spite of them. Mr. E. then went into facts ind statistics to prove his own, and disprove McD.’s vosition. In the course of his remarks, he showed that the agitation of this subject in Con- sress tended to diminish orders for foreign goods. 4 stable law gives the merchants confidence, ind they know how to act, and what to ex- wet He hoped this present discussion would 1o disturb their confidence in the permanency and tability of the present law, although such was the endency. Mr. E. examined in detail the import: n the respective quarters of each year, both of free ind of dutiable goods. The public papers say that he revenue is falling off—there is a deficiency of ‘evenue—the government is becoming bankrupt, te. He did not believe a word of it, and he under- ook to ne it, provided the present tariff be not ‘isturbed. Jn continuation Mr. Evans’ said, give the oor employment—not charity. Adapt legislation 0 promoting industry. Give the neers the means of purchasing luxuries and they will purchase them. Mr. E. next proceeded to examine the effects of he act of 42 upon commerce. There is domestic ‘ommerce_ as well as foreign commerce—and the umount of the former exceeds that of the latter. What can more strengthen the perpetuity and con- inuance of the Union than the cultivation of our lomestic commerce upon our canals and railroads. Mr. McD. has said that half the commerce has been ‘truck down by the act of ’42. But what are the »roofst—none have been given, No complaints i e—ships are building—the wages o1 of sailors are rising. It by no means follows that vecause articles are imported free, therefore they wre sold at the lowest prices. Competition reduces srices. In free trade there is no competition. It would be very dangerous to exceed $100 000,000. or $120,000,000 at he outside,of importations per annum. The increase of the opulation, and capacity of our consumers, does not jus- ify larger importations. Youcannot judge of the effect fan act imposing duties until six months after i passes, wit requires six months for orders to take effect. The imports under the act of ’42 exceed those of preceeding years, Mr. E. adduced numerous statistics to prove that he increase of duties does not diminish commerce. [I should report this much more of] were not the who. subject much more fully and ably discussed, in all its pos- sible bearings, in the “money articles” of the Herald; | say “ably,” because the facta are stated there more accu- cately, frilly and carefully:] To prove that duties do not liminish commerce, Mi .. stated, that when the impor. ation of dutiable Is fell off that the importations of ‘ree goods fell off still more, thus proving that thee ofthe decrease could not have been the duties, otherwise why should the importations of free goods fall off ? Mr. Evans continued till 3 o’clock, when he gave way 0 a motion for adjournment. The Senate then went into executive session. is House of Representatives. Wasnutnaton, Jan, 22, 1844. The Gencral Ticket Members declared duly elected ~ No Drinking to be’ allowed im the Capitol—Pe- tition Day—2\st Rule Again—Quantity of Peti- tions for the Reduction of Postage.} As soon as the Journal was read, Mr. Hupson introduced his newly elected colleague, Osmyn Ba- ser, of Mass., who was sworn in and took his seat. Mr, W. P. Swrrn, of Indiana, presented a Re- port from the Committee on enrolled Bills. Mr. Dovaass, of Illinois, then presented a Re- port from the majority (six) of the Committee on Elections, with resolutions declaring that the mem- vers from New Hampshire, Missouri, Georgia, and Mississippi, were duly and constitutionally elected— ind that the seeond section of the Apportionment Act was a nullity. It was ordered to be printed. Mr. Garrett Davis—To-morrow, sir, there will ye a minority, which would, have ‘been ready to- lay, but for the sickness of a member; it is not ttrictly a counter report, because the two gentle- men who drew up the reports, did so w thoutany cnowledge of each other’s efforts. Mr. Evmer, Chairman of the Election Commit ee, said that ‘the should call up the majority resolu- ions for debate to-morrow two weeks. Mr. Reppine then said that to-morrow he would nove to amend the 19th Joint Rule so as to exclude il intoxicating liquors, including tea and coflee, ‘rom the capitol, and the grounds adjacent thereto, ind also to remove the restawrats from the capitol, 1ow kept by the celebrated John Foy, and West. Mr. Strpett presented a resolution Metre the vostmaster to state why the mails fail so often he- tween New York and New Orleans, and whether 1e has taken any meusures to remedy, or means to lo so. Adopted. pis 4 Wentwortn.—I have here a petition, sir, her an olla podrida character. (Laughter.), ways for gominon schools, i ie rarely tberty and equality, a low tariff, a ieee: short seats, reduction of postage, hones’ voliticians, (langhter,) no amalgamation, and | \gainst the annexation of Texas. (Much laughter.) Tove its reference, sir, to the committee on Fo | eign Affairs. Laughter.) It was referred. — Speyeral others asked leave to present petitions jyesolations, bat Mr. Anaws, as usnal, brough House up by ealling for the orders of the day. | Chese were the of ra- Tt oF We presented several petitions from luction of postage. ‘Mr. jana, (as one of the Com- mittee) presented @ petition from citizens of his jt District, for reduction of postage. Mr. Bertit, of Indiana—I offer a petition, sir, from inhabitants ot Tippecanoe county, praying Congress to abolish the office of Chaplain, wher. everit exists under the General Government, I understand, sir, that wer great abuses exist in the Navy where Catholic sailors are Frequoatly flogged, because they refuse Ga as in the forms of worship prescribed te a Presbyterian or other Chaplain, and I want to see all these incipient modes of es- tablishing a National Religion. | | Pagston Kinc—Mr. Speaker, is it in order to de- bate a petition on— x Sreaxer—If it gives rise to debate, it must’go ver. s ‘Kinc—Well, then, I object—(Laughter.) Pertit—l’ve done, Sir. ity Mr. Vurgont aE Ohio, pioeeated é petition F4 10n ol 3 merously signed for the reduc! Leg oper for the erection of a Bridge across ‘Wheeling. i Mr. Harper presented one asking for retrench- ment in every branch of the government. _ Mr. Duncan presented one for a bridge across te Ohio at nealing: ‘ Mr. Srgenop said the committee had reported on that subject in tavor ef a bridge. Mr. Guppinas presented a petition from Massa- chusetts prayin; Somes to pass a law making it a penal offence for officers of the government to as- sist in catching runaway slaves! : _ This brought several Southern men to their feet in an instant. ; ; i Mr. Back, of Georgia—{ object, sir, H The Clerk began reading it for information, but several Southern men stopped him. | Sreaxer—The Chair decides that it does not come within the 25th rule. (Here there was much confusion.) Sat be Brack—I move to lay that petition on the table. Gippines—I call for the yeas and nays on that. Apams—Then, sir, it can’t lie over. _ Saunpers—I object to the reading and to the pe- tition. Srraxen—It does not come within the rule. Biacx—Well, sir, | appeal from thedecision of the Chair; this House can’t prevent runaway slaves from be- ing apprehended, any more than it can preventthe in slaves between the States. Payne, of Alabama—Welf, sir, I move to lay the appeal onthetable (Laughter.) One hundred and thirteen voted for this, so tho appeal was laid on the table. Payne—I now raise the question of reception. I object to receiving it, : Cave Jonsson—And I move to lay that on the table. Buacx—I hope not. I hope that lest motion will be withdrawn Giopinas—Sir, it’s out of order to object to the recep- tior now. Srraxen—It’s perfectly in order. (Laughter.) Ho: jebateable, sir? Sre. No, Tnomrson, of Miss.—Will it carry the petition to the table if the motion succeeds ? Srraxer—It will not. ‘Apams—Well, sir, | demand the yeas and nays on thet. They were ordered. Cave Jounson—What will be the effect of my motion if it succeeds? 4 Spreaxen—The petition will not be received. Bearpetey—Can that be the result, sir, after the chair has decided that the petition does not come within the rule, and an appeal from that has not been sustained by the House? Sreaxen chip jon has been decided at least a do- zen times this session; a, question is raised on the recep- tion of the petition; a motion is made to are motion on the table; if this latter prevails, the petition certainly is not in possession of the House. So the motion of Mr. Parnes, objecting to receiving the petition, was not laid on the tabi Sreaxen— “@ball this petition be received?” question, and I ask for tellers on it. Preston Kina—Is the question debateable, sir’ oe but the moving the previous question cuts off ate. The main question wes then put on receiving the tion, Mr pig ms calling the aye and nays. eahih sy The ayes and nays were called—ayes 8, nays 87. -The question now is, Cavs Jounson—Upon that motion I move the previous Mesure Kigave ite to debatolt weeld. have fe ‘The previous question was sustained—ayes 98, nays 26. yes, 85, noes 86. 80 the petition was not received, Several members dodged the question. Mr. Geppinas then presented a fotos for certain sons in the State, praying that if Texas be annexed to the United States, thatthey may be allowed to have the 8t: of New York joined on to the British possessions in Ca- nada. (This elicited roars;of laughter.) A Mrsmen—I wish to God that Geddi could be joined on to the British possessions in C: (Laugh- ter. Me. moved to lay it on the table. ‘The vote was taken twice on this question, but there ‘was no quorum voting either time. Mr. Vance—Mr. Speaker, how many signed that peti- tion The Crzrx answered, put could mot be heard, for the rudeness of persons who continually stand talking in front of the Reporter’s desk A Memarn—Weil, sir, I move that those have leave to go to Canada as soon as possible—(Laugh- ter.) Leeper the petition was Iaid on the table—ayes 99, nays 26. Mr. Titpex, of Ohio, then presented petitions for the reduction of re! aor ferret of Ohio, presented several for the reduetion of portage! eau other Ohio members presented petitions for re- duction of postage! id Mr, ue souniek, caret aslo tas that vad ade ‘ommittee juire into the lity of the ay tment Midshipmen a4 Master's Mateton bourd of veceele of, war. Mr. Fis moved that the committee also inquire into the expediency of abolishing the law which limits the number of midshipmen to variout ses had been practiced Cave Jonnson said that great al allows him to appoint a by the Secretary. The law on): limited number ef midshipmen 4 eachdescri 0 fves- sels ; and the Secretary had evaded the law by ing several midshipmen as master’s mates, who shipmen’s duty at sea, and received midshipmen’s . There were several of these thus nice now on beard the Raritan just ready to sail, appointed through this eva- sion of the law, His resolution was br ao Cave Jonxson then of a resolution calling on the Secretary of thefNavyto statewhat midshipmen have been appointed contrary to law, or by evading the law, and di- cecting him to stop the sailing of the frigate Raritan until thia could be ascertained, and the evil corrected, 2 Mr. Vance ted that the resolution should be so modified so that young “master’s mates” could be taken out the Raritan, and that she could go to sea. Mr. Parmentier offered an amendment ring also of the captains of vessels of war about this abuse ; for he un- derstood that as much of ithad been done by the captains themselves as by the Secretary. The resolution, thus amended, was adopted. Mr. Biacx presented a letter, which was read, from Florida, petitioning that the people of Florida might be al- lowed to elect their own Governor, the 5: a the seve: ral States do, and that it be referred to a Select Committee of fiv Mr. Apams.—This is on important matter, sir; it asks for a change in the mode of electing the Governor of a Terri- tory. Pxsstox Kina.—Mr. Speaker, | call the gentleman to order, Is this debateable? Sreaxea—If it gives rise to debates it must lie over. Kinc—Well then, sir, I object. Buacx—Well, sir, if it’s objected to, I can only send it back to Florida’ to have it put in aproper form. Give it me back again, Mr. Clerk. ‘ Ben. ‘Speaker, is a letter toa member a peti- tion’ Biack—I stated it was to all intents a petition. Kixc—I don’t object to it, sir, (laughter. Lost I object to the member from Massachusetts. (Much laughter.) I mean to his making a speech; for if he does there'll be no bunness donethis day (Laughter,) in which Mr. Adams jo Anams—I move its reference to the Committee on Ter- ritories. 79 voting in the affirmative, it was so referred. Mr. Ruert then presented a very long petition from some individual going into the full merits of free trade in all ite ramifications, the rights of man,and the oppressive and unjust nature of the Tariff. The Clerk began reading it for information. He read for about ten minutes, when Cave Jonson rose—I object to the further reading, sir. Several Memeens (surprised)—What for ? Brack, of Ga—I move then, sir, that the tleman from South Carolina be called jon to mak state ment of its contents to the House. (Much ter.) Ruetrt, (laughing)—To do that, sir, I should have to into a free trade argument; and that, | suppose gen man from Georgia, and many other gentlemen would not object to; but there are many uround me here that would. (Laughter A, Several Wiics—Yes, indeed, unless we might reply. Writer—t move that it be referred to the Comt of Ways and Means, to be printed. Cave Jonxson—I object, air. (Laughter.) Ruerr—Sir, this is the first remonstrance or petition I to this House, and it isthe first I ever asked to have read. The memorialist requested moto present it, and ask for the reading, and I hevedone sn. If the House chooses to make another disposition of it | ub- mit. I have of course read it myself. Cave Jonnson—I object, air. Gen, Saunpens, of N. C.—Well, then, let’s vote the ever presen’ tleman from Tennessee down. It is idle to the - — thus by objections; we wantto hear it for infor- ation. ™ ere there were loud cries of “ read, read, go on, never to have mind him.” The Hours, by a lerge vote, deci it Mr. Reetr—I move to refer it to the Committee of Ways and Means, and that it be printed, and on this! move the previous question. Cave Jouxsow—Can that be done after I U Sauspers—Tho gentleman from South the floor. | callthe gentleman from Teunessee to order. re Honse decided to refer it to the Committee of Ways and Means. nthe question of printing, Cave Johnson said he thould debate, and, therefore, it Inys over, Sreaxsi on are in order from the State of no, Stop, sir, South Carolina hasn® done yet, She has still move then one member. I offer e resolution’ he Committe on Commerce have power to em- —1 object to that, sir. ‘Then the Committee must stand still, sir, vm be done for the Western Waters, h » objection, sir, (laugh. oujeat