The New York Herald Newspaper, December 28, 1843, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD, New Yerk, Thursday, December 28, 1543. Prospects of the Whig Party—Fourlerism a Powerful Llement of Success. li it be true that “misfortune makes us acquaint- el with strange bed-fellows,” it is no less certain that, in the struggle for prosperity, we are often | ided by extraordinary influences, of whose assist- | ance we had never so much as dreamed in any of our inspiring visions of the future. Thus it is now with gallant Harry of the West. He now finds himself where he is with all imaginable anxiety preparing for the coming contest, girt about and supported by a very remarkable influence, which no one ean overlook, and which has been devel- oping itself gradually, in very strong and marked features, during the last few years, and chiefly | through the agency of the New York Tribune, con- lucted by Mr. Philosopher Greeley, who has been | acting as nurse to this new creation—a dry-nurse to | be sure, bu: a most attentive, affectionate, and faith- | fui dry-nurse. We allude, as most of our readers will perceive, to the great element of Fourierism— rtial transcendentalism—or antediluvian al- | rative industry—or the transition period of civil- | ization, or whatever else you please to call it. Ac- cording to all appearances this new element of po; litics and civilization will enter very largely into the next Presidental contest. Indeed the election of Mr. Clay is thus rendered quite certain. ‘The | alliance of this new system of philosophy and its distingnished leaders, dry-nurses, and supporters, will unquestionably carry Clay against all the forces which Van Buren, the devil, and all their allies,can bring into the field. (From the Canton (Ohio) Repository.) feel pleasure in announcing that the American Phas laux has contracted for about 2000 acres of land in Bel. mont county, Ohio, known as the Pultney Farm, lying along the Onio river, seven or eight miles below Whee- ling, and that sufficient means are already pledged to re- move all doubts as to {the formation of an association us soon as the domain can be prepared for the reception of the members. ‘The tract selected is two and a half miles in length from north to south, and of somewhat irregular breadth by rea son of the curvatures of the Ohio river, which forms its eastern boundary. It contains 600 acres of bottom land, ul cleared and under cultivation—the residue is hill land a fertility truly surprising, and indeed incredible to persons unacquainted with the hills of that particular heighborhood. Of the hill lands abéut 250 acres are cleared, and about 390 acres more have been partially cleared’ so as to answer imperfectly for sheep pastu ‘Dhe residue is for the most part well timbered, the pre- dominating timber being sugar maple and white oak, with a considerable mixture of locust and black walnut. here are two frame dwelling houses, and ten log hou- ses, mostly with shingle roofs, upon the premises ; none of them, however, are of much value except for tempora- ry purpos i a young: Orchard of Crab-apples on the Do- main, very thriving, and just beginning to be productive. Cider made from these Apples sells at the markets on the river, at $4 per barrel. There are also two orchards of common Apple trees, now in a bearing state; one of them however, is old, and beginning to decline. Another large orchard of selected fruit, consisting of small trees, was set out upon the tract last spring. The tract, lying on both sides of the 40th degree of north latitude, is on the same parallel with Philadelphia. Hence the winters there will be much milder and shorter than in New York and the New England States. Geverat Puax.—Those persons who have already avowed themselves willing to co-operate in this experi ment as members, are mostly citizens of the Wes' Reserve—intelligent, industrious, enterprising and fru- | { gal. Between Civilization and Association, there must be a transition period, which, without being exempt from the evils of the former, will be attended with many peculiar to itself. But, though the true system of Association cannot be adopted at present, yet it is contemplated immediately to subject industry to an organization—to introduce at once those elements of atrne industrial mechanism,which even Civilization admits of, and of which it sometimes avails self, especially for pucposes of destruction. Perhaps our object cannot be more intelligibly explained than by sta- ting that it is proposed to organize an Industrial Army, Wich, instead ot ravaging and desolating the earth, like he armies of Civilization, shall clothe it luxuriantly and eautifully with supplies for human wants—to distribute this army into platoons, companies, battalions, regiments, | P in which promotion and rewards shall depend, not upon success in spreading ruin and woe, but upon energy and ieucy in diffusing comfort and happiness—ain short, to invest Labor, the Creator, with the dignity which has’ so usly crowned Labor the Destroyer and the . so that men shall vie with each other, not in n and carnage, but in usefulness to the race. —O! these, it is doubtless to be ¢ enlisted in any plan of radical re- form. ‘The condition of the wealthy, in our present state of society, isso far superior to that of the poor, who con- atitute the masses, that the former are prone to adhere te naciously to existing institutions, dreading, perhaps, lest grade them to a lower level. Although y cares, auxieties, and apprehensions of a change of for hey still cling to that state of things in which they enjoy ‘an envied position—a position of which they feel the uncertainty, though they hope for permanence. In spite of all their pains, the rich are fre- quently the fathers, or, at least, the grandfathers of beg- te t gu. mae We believe that Association offers to the capitalist a mode of investment both safer and more profitable than can often be found in our existing state of society. The | ¢ sums which have been lost in civilization, after being in- vested in its choicest and most favored modes, almost defy t t computation or estimate. Witness its banks, insurance companies, and other similar institutions, the capital of many of which has been annihilated, while that of very w remains unimpaired. ‘The capitalist who has trusted the plighted faith of sovereign States has been scarcely less unfortunate. We, therefore, invite the attention of capitalists to the | cles ot evil by which conscience is defiled, peace precepts attributed to Jesus of Nazareth, we do not re- gard them as binding because uttered by him, but because they are true in themselves, and best adapted to promote "| the happiness of the race, ‘ i rien produce strife and contention, rather than ‘love anc -the clergy, an imposition—the Bible, as no autho from punishment in a future world, through ac: God, as a remnant of heathenism, to be disregarded. Therefore, we will not vote uader such governments, or petition to them, but to demand them to ty tax so calle of grievances ; but use all peaceful and moral me:ns secure their idea of mine and thine, as regards the ducts, as now understood in the exciusiy disregarded and set aside—therefore, when we 1 owes to the children a du of animals is essentially wrong, soon as possib and stimulants. sand ef the est of daughters, and a thou- sand of the mosi promising of Adam's philesophic sons of the true Albert Brisbane and Horage Gree- ley powers and capacities, have settled or are to settle down—here in this delightful paradise to cul- tivate their young orchards of crab apples—to bake bran-bread—to raise up young buds of loveliness and philosophy,—to render industry attractive, re- ligion attractive, marriage attractive, philosophy attractive, borrowed capital aturactive, vegetables attractive—eyery thing attractive. In these blessed and happy “ diggins” no serpent will be allowed to drag his slow length along. Human nature will reign in all its purity, dignity, elegance, simplicity and primitive innocent verdancy. Farewell, here, to the corroding care—the agitating passion—the importunate temptation, and all the corrupting agen- troubled, and the sunshine of Hope itself overcast with thick gloom ! But lest it might be supposed by any that we ex- aggerate—that the millenium is not so near at hand —that Henry Clay is not just so certain of his elec- tion, we annex the following most interesting and eminently philosophical document, which we find in the “Skeneateles Democrat.” It is from the pen of one John A, Collins ; and we doubt whether Philosopher Greeley himself could write a more lucid, a more philosophical, a more practical, a a more sensible deseription. Here it is— ‘The following articles, drawn up by that celebrated pleaderof human rights, J. A. Collins, abolition lecturer, were furnished us by a friend, who obtuined them from a member of the Community, by whom they were copied trom the original. It is to be hopea that all well-wishers to the human family will aid in circulating this document. Printers are requested to call the attention of their readers to the same, that all may be enlightened; that none rush blindly into this Community concern. ‘We hope friend Greeley, of the New York Tribune, will not be forgetful ofthe public goo sArticles of Belief and Disbelief, and Creed, presented and read by John 1, Collins, on the 19th November, 1843, (A true copy.) Assented to by all, except Q. A. Johnson, of Syracuse, J. Josephine Johnson, of Syracuse, Wm. Kennedy, of Syracuse, Solomon Johnson, of Martinsburgh, and Wm. C. Besson, Lynn, Mass, Brtoven Fairnps— By your consent andadvice, Iam called upon to make choice of those among you to aid me in establishing in this’place a community of property and interest, by which we may be brought into love relations, through which plenty (and) intelligence may be ultimately secured to all (the) inhabitants of this globe. ‘To accomplish this great work there are but very few, in consequence of their original organization, structure of mind, education, ha- bits, and preconceived opinions, who are ut the present time adapted to work out this great problem of human re- demption. All who come Seep for this purpose should be united in thought and feeling on certain fundamental principles, for without this a community of property would e buta farce. ‘Cherefore, it may be said With great pro- priety that the success of the experiment w ill depend upon the wisdom exhibited in the choice ef the materials as agents to its accomplishment, Without going isto the detail of the principles upon which this Community is to be established, 1 will state briefly afew ot the fundamental principles, which I re- gard as essential to be assented to by every applicant for admission, Ist. Revicion.—A disbelief in any special revelation of God to man, touching his will, and thereby binding upon man as authority in any arbitrary sense—that all forms of worship should case—that all religions of every age and nation, have their origin in the same great falsehood, v God’s special providences. That, while we admire the ‘Therefore, we regard the Sab- path as other days—the organized Church, as aulapted to peace miracles, as unphiiosophical—and salvation from si 2nd. Govenymewrs.—A disbelief in the rightful exi ence of all governments based upon physical force hey are organised bands of banditti, whose authority 1s isband—do no military duty—pay no personal or proper- —sit upon no jurivs—refuse to testify in courts of Justice ; aud never appeal to the law for a redres mplete destruction 3rd. Prorexty.—vhat there is to be no individual pro perty, but all goods shall be heki ia common—tiat the xeNcH Revorvrion or 1890—Ma. Ever- | err’s Seconp Lecruxe.—The Hon. Alexander H. Everett delivered his second lecture to the mem- bers of the Lyceum in the Tabernacle, Broadway, last evening; the subject,being the French Revolu- tion of 1880. In his preceding lecture, Mr. Everett commenced by remarking, he had taken a rapid survey of the panei events and characters of the French revo- ution, from its commencement in 1789 to the ab- dication of Napoleon ; he now proposed to contunue his series of remarks, in the same cursory way, up to the rebellion, commonly so called, of the ‘Three the great course of events which commonly went under that title. The real and substantial cause of this revolution, as he had previously remarked, consisted in the incongruity between the existing state of society and the established form of govern- ment ; the form of government by which the whole political power of the state had been attributed to afew hereditary rulers, remained unaltered whilst, in the meantime, the ‘mass of the people who had risen rapidly in civilization felt their importance, and deemed that as they possessed in no small degree, wealth and knowledge—the ele- ments of power—they had a right to be ad- mitted to some share in the administration of the government. This position taken by the people was obviously just; but it was also not unnatural that it should be strongly resisted by the privileged classes, who owed all their importance to the ex- isting system, and this conflict of interest, opinion, and teeling,which,under other circumstances might have terminated amicably resulted in convulsion and open war. The extensive and protracted struggle—of which he had detailed some of the principal movements in his last leeture—was car- ried on in various parts of Europe and with various success. Fora time the advantage remained al- most wholly upon the side of the people. In France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, in a great part of Germany, and throughout the western part of Eu- rope, the people succeeded in revolatienizing the governments which existed, and in founding others of a more liberal character upon their ruins. Great Britain, however, formed an exception to this re- mark, because the revolution of 1688 had accom- modated the form of government there in a great degree to the wishes of the people and the altered condition of society, so that they (the pecs) had less cause for complaint, and consequently less zeal and power upon the popular side. At length, how- ever, the legitimists prevailed; they carried back the war into the enemies territory, and they planted the standard of their head quarters upon the site of the revolution in Paris. This change of fortune, nevertheless, was more apparent. than real; it was owing to a change in the opinions and feel- ings of the people in reference to the character and proceedings of their own champion. Napoleon. essentially a mere soldier, forgot, in his professional zeal for war, the duties that belonged to his politi- cal situation, for, instead of relieving the people from the oppressions under which they were su fering, and admitting them to a share in the admin- istration of government, he monopolized the whole power in his own person, and exercised a degree of oppression which they had never suffered from their legitimist rulers. They found that the only object for which Napoleon employed his splendid, military talents, was the aggrandizement of himself and family; they, therefore, lost all attacltment to his person and interest in his success. For a long time he felt himself that he had no friend in France xcept the army; and even hus Marshals bes to grow we ary, declaring that he would 0 rest till he had slain them al!. In the fore: tries, under his influen ie feeling w more distinct, as was by the estat | of “ The League of Vi inGermany. In short, | the position of the tw. parties was completely re- versed; the liberal , relied for success upon military organization, \ \\ile the established gov: :n- ments relied for their strength upon the zeal { a and mdependence which animated of their subjects. The result again show rity of moral motive—the ascen causes over mere material and physica! same tide of popular feeling that had carried the forward in triumph, in the first instance, no sooner | naa opposite direction than it brought’ the allies to 1 of France; victory followed in both cases the stan ard of the people, the only difference i that in 1 first instance the standard of the people was erected } themselves in the French capital, whilst at the close of struggle it passed over to the allies. These causes | amportant influence. The allies having obtained ir victory inthe name of liberty and of the rights of wa, they coull not, consistently, leave that idea out of nen ec, will throw into the common treasury ull the prope which is regarded as belonging to us, and forever after yield up our individual claim and ownership in it—that ho compensation shall be demanded for our labor if we should ever leave. 4th, ManntaGe.—That we regard marriage as a true re- lation growing out of the nature of things, repudiating licentiousness, fornication, concubinage, adultery, bigu- my, and polygamy—that marriage is designed for the hap- piness of the parties, and to promote love and virtue. That when such parties have outlived their affections, and can- not longer contribute to each other’s happiness, the sooner the separation takes place the better, aud stich separation shall not be a barrier to the parties in again uniting with any one, when they shali consider their happiness can he promoted thereby—that parents are in duty Bound to edu- cate their children in habits of virtue, and love, and in- dustry, and that they are bound to unite with the commu- nity. oth, Eoucation or -DREN.—That the community ity to secure them a virtuous ed- ication, and watch over them with parental care. 6th, Dinrics.—That a vegetable and fruit diet is essen- ial to the health of the body, and purity of the mind, and he happingss of society—therefore, the killing and eati and should be removed as , together with the use of all narcotics 7th —That ail applicants shall, at the discretion of the Yommunity, but be put upon a probation of three or six months, 8th.—Any person who shall force himself or herseli guaranty offered them by our artiles of Association, and to the manner in which they are secured a regular’ divi dend. They are to receive the avails of at least one-third upon the Community, who has received no invitation from the Community ,or who does not assent to the views above enumerated, shall not be treated or considered as_a_mem-, of the gross product, after deducting necessary expenses , ifthat is not sufficient to pay them seven per cent p num, they are to receive a larger, portion until that ing preferred to their claim of seven per cent. Application for membership, or tor stock, (if by mail, post paid or free,) may be made to either of the following persons, toeach of whom a letter of instuction has been 1 addressed, containing the conditions and qualification ch will be required of resident members, of whom for the present, but a limited number can be received :—E. P. vant, Canton, O ; Rey. J. P. Stuart, LeRoy P. O., Medina county, O,; L. H. Cutler, Cleveland, O ; Rev. Charles Cal- kins, Avon, Lorain county, 0.; L. E. Bowen, Oberlin, Lo- | ¢ rain county, O.; George Helmick, Zanesville, O., Benj. F Williams, Cincinnati, O.; James D. Thornburgh, Pittsburg, Pa.; Richard B. McCabe, Indiana, Indiana connty, Pa; Al- bert Brisbane, or Horace Greeley, New York city. {t will thus be perceived that in the great State of Ohio the prospects of Henry Clay are of the brightest character. His cause and that of the great “ industrial army” are inseparably connected, nnd, under the gentle dews and diligent watering of philosophersA lbert Brisbane and Horace Greeley, cannot but prosper. Labor, the destroyer and the murderer, and Martin Van Buren, the cabbage grower and statesman, will soon be seen fleeing from these batallions of hardy bran-bread eating like chaff before the wind. In Pennsyl- has established itself with c soldiery vania this new element more favorable prospects, and, as we learned trom the ‘* Tribune” some time since, in the wes- tern part of the great State of New York, the ‘in- dustrial army” have taken possession of their Ca- naan, and are rapidly restoring the primitive simpli- city,glory,and happiness of the blessed race of Adam before the serpent introduced his abominable car- case the embowered walks of Eden, and tempted Eve to eat that golden pippin From the extracts we have given, it will be seen that this Fourierite system is of a very compre- There is an almightiness in its pansion in its objects and aims—a feasibility in its projects and instrumentality, which into hensive character grasp—an e commend it to the approbation of all intelligent and rational beings. With such an agency at work in Ohio, th cannot be a doubt of Mr. Clay’s access in that important State. Is there nota permanent stream, known as the Wegee Creek, on the domain? Is there not a promising young or- Cannot cider be made from at $4 a barrel? Are there not ten log houses on the premises? Bah! who are you that says “Mr. Clay won’t carry Ohio?” You chard of crab apples? them which ought to be ashamed of your want of common sa- ber of the Community—no work shall be or her (if) solivited, while, at the same time, he or s syd < : .. | shall be regarded with the same kindness as all or any amount is paid, the subsistence of the members uloue be- | Ofer seranigers—chall be furnisned with ieodan Cothi —that ifat any of the principles enumerated abov. York Tribune ?” triumphant return of Henry Clay ? igned(to) him me any one shall dissent from any of al he ought at once, in to the Community, and the world, to jon. To these views we hereby affix ustice to hims leave the Associ our respective signatures, Who now doubts the omnipotence of the ‘in lustrial army ?” Who now undervalues the agen ey of Mr. Philosopher Greeley and the “ New Who now has a doubt as to the ou.—A friend tells us, that the “He ver see unless by accident, charges us ith having copied our report of Webster's speech at the w England dinner from its columns, It is scarcely ne- t the statement is alie. Every line of prepared from our own notes. If the Herald” persists in its paltry falsehood, we will compare passages of the two reports,which will show conclusively that we could not have copied from the ' Herald” what the “Herald” never had, A friend tells us, who was told by a friend, who had it from another friend, that he actually saw the above paragraph in a certain paper called the “Courier & Enquirer,” published in Wall street, and edited by J. Watson Webb. As we never read that print unless by accident, we cannot say posi- tively that such a paragraph has appeared, but as the intelligence which we have received comes, although rather circuitously, with some authenti- city, we will take it for granted that it has appear- ed in that paper, and treat it accordingly. Now, in relation to the statement that we made with regard to the reports of the ‘‘Herald” and that of the “Courier,” we reiterate it with more empha- sis, and more conviction of its uuth, than we did in our previous statement. There is not a possi- bility of doubt to any reasonable man who will compare the two reports, but that the “Courier & Enquirer” stole bodily the report first published in the “Herald,” and passed it off for its own, merely making a few verbal variations, and a few addi- tions, which a little more time would have per- mitted us to do. The speech was not delivered till half past eleven, yet we had it written out and in type by two o'clock. ‘The very reason which the “ Courier” gives to its readers, that the ‘Herald’ report could not have been used by the “Courier,” is precisely the best reason for believing the con- trary; and after this confusion of ideas we are more than ever conyinced of the meanness, and littleness, and falsehood, of our respectable con temporary. We therefore call upon our very re- spectable contemporary to carry out his threat ; to copy them paragraph by paragraph, to go into wll Wensten’s Sre wi Ni gacity, and the sooner you join the great “indus trial army” for the purpose of picking up some common sense, so much the better But it is in New York, which has, we believe, been called the “ Empire State,” that the greatest effort of the ‘industrial array” is to be made.— “keneateles is to be the scene of their greatest tri- | mph; on the margin of that most beautifullake— | far more picturesque even than the Lake of Gene- | va—and we have heen round and sailed on| t, and drank of its pure waters, and have gazed on ts beauties in the holy moonlight, and in ed brightness of the noon-day sun, and can therefore peak knowingly of its loveliness,—its heavenly banks, its di charms and en- nm and fragrant Il ite thousand mosphere, its gre Here, and not one Adam and Eve, but a thou- sntinents then, another den has been ated the elements of the two reports, and to show whether he has not, to use hisown gentlemanly lan- guage, committed a base lie, This is not the first time that the “Courier” has stolen our reports, and passed them off for its own, nor is it the first time it has given evidence of its utter incapability and incapacity to give a correct report upon any sub- Ject of public speaking These are the remarks we make; and we trust that the “friend” of the “Courier & Enquir reads the “Herald,”and reports what the says, to our respectable contemporary, will again read it, and make a report of y Lot it be as diplomatic as they ple the truth by and bye. Jat » we shall get jew in the arrangements fora general pacification. In *rance the exiled Bourbons were restored, andthe prin- cipal alterations in the law called for by the National As embly, were now emboilied and established as the form of Days, which terminated, for the present, at least, | Hener Vieuxremes’ Concert at THE Park. Mr. Vieuxtemps played last evening, for the first time since his return from Boston, where he achieved the most signal triumph. He was en- | thusiastically received, and his peerless execution and chastity of conception raised him still higher, if possible, in the good opinion which he won from all lovers of classical music at his first two | concerts. The same serene calmness pervaded his whole performance, giving a rare surety and energy | to his playing, and imparting at the same time a | wonderful pearly evenness to his notes, which form the characteristic distinction of the school he found- ed, and which will always maintain him in the ex- alted position he now occupies as a violinist. Our orinion as to his merits as a composer for the violin remains unchanged. He is, without any doubt, unrivalled amongst the modern, and, al- though fully acknowledging the high glory of a Spohr, a Rhode, or a Viotti, we look in vain amongst the older ones for an author who would combine a similar richness of melody with an equal depth of understanding in the technical parts. Mr. Vieuxtemps played last night as he played a fortnight ago at the Washington Hotel, and as he will always play. The greatest artist is not unfre- quently the slave of a fancy, a caprice; an atom may disturb his equanimity, and thé reaction is visible in his performance; but not so Vieuxtemps; he is always quiet, his brow is unruffled as the brow of a young bride, he always ‘‘1mmotus velut rupes_ resistit.” He takes up his bow, throws a disdainful glance on the lesser evils ‘‘flesh is heir to,” and parting the waves of harmony with pow- erful arms, evokes sounds which call the spheres their fatherland. . ” ‘The concerto, which was the first piece, is one of the few of Beriot’s compositions which success- fully stemmed the current ot oblivion that engulph- ed fis “airs variées.” It is really acharming mor- ceaw, containing a beautiful rondo, and was. given by Vieuxtemps with all the brilliancy of which his style is capable. The great applause it elicited was only merited. It would be common-place to say that he over- came the immense difficulties in his fantasia capri- ciosa, (which he has played already, in his first concert,) with the aplomb of an old master. For what are difficulties to himt—a mere child’s toy. His splendid flageoletto never appeared to greater advantage, and he was very ably seconded by the orchestra. . After the Smolenska by the graceful Julia Turn- bull, came, what .every body thought the conclu- ding piece, the well Known duett for violin and pianoforte on airs from Bellini’s Somnambula, in which M'lle Vieuxtemps assisted her brother. She isa very neat and tasteful pianist, and appears to be quite familiar with the modern brilliant school.— She wonld have done more justice to her excellent touch and faultless execution,ifshe had played a solo Itwould be a matter of great difficulty for every ianist, toshine in the presence of such a star as lee brother The part ot the pianoforte, more- over, has pot been treated con amore by Benedict. Even Thalberg (who by Coed is positively com- ingenext autumn with Standigl, the celebrated bass singer) could not make much out of it, when he played it with Vieuxtemps at a Concert given some years ago in Vienna by the organist of the Imperial Chap ut the principal fault lies in the superior- ity e violin over the pianoforte, as a concert At the end of the duett both were plauded, aad on being called out pa he carnevale di venezio, as he ould play it. It was listened to in breathless i nd ieuxtemps retired with his sister amid a waving of handkerchiefs, and such a slapeing Spa thumping that the walls of Old Drury trembled. The house was not crammed, but it could boast of a respectable fulness. mu uxt Tue Vacancy 1n THE Unitep Srates Supreme Cover.—The vacancy made ‘in this court, by the f Judge Thompson, begins to attract the ers from all quarters. But it happens fill this office awakens a higher rank of ce-seekers than usually come forward before the public. We see many persons already named to fill it, such as J. C. Spencer, Dan’l B. Tallmadge, Hiram Ketchum, and many others. In the Com- mercial of yesterday, we see a notice that an appli- cation has been already forwarded to Washington in favor of Mr. Hiram Ketchum. Probably Mr. Ketchum may be the candidate of Mr. Webster, and may command all his influence with President sovernment in the charter or written constitution. By this document provision was made for the representatives of the people, ior liberty of speech, ofthe press, and of ac- tion—within limits prescribed by fixed laws, and security for personal rights. It was, in short, if executed in the spirit by which it was conceived, of a nature to give all aecessary satisfaction to the friends of liberty. Similar ar- took place in the Netherlands. Germany, here. By this charter the people of France became “ something” if not “every thing” It was, how- ever, in the nature of compromises or contracts between he people upon one side and governments upon the other, to be viewed as compromises or contracts not advanta- seous to the people, who in the present case, would have preferred a representative republic like’ our own— (cheers). It was therefore not unnatural, under these sircumstances that the people should watch with extreme jealousy the execution of this contract. If Charles the fenth had fulfilled his part of it, probably he would have prevented the violent confusion and disastrous result to aimself which took place in the three days. Mr. Ever- ett then rapidly reviewed the events of the period inter- vening between the granting of the charter and the prin. pal persons who took part in accomplishing those vents, remarking in the words of Talleyrand, that the Bourbons upon their return to Brance, evinced by their conduct that they had learned nothing, and forgot no- thing. They brought back with them all their antiqua- ‘ed prejudices and personal antipathies which they had n away, Without having" derived any useful fesson from their long tuition in the school of adversity. t justice, however, that Louis the 18th, who first occu- pied the throne, formed an exception, for he declared at the outset of the revolution in favor of the popular, party,and he remained attached through life to liberal opi- sions. He was in fact considered the author of the charter, and was consequently popular with the people. He was liverted, however, from acting upon it ashe wished by the importunities fof his family, the fatal consequence of which was) the return of Napoleon, the hundred days,and general convulsion up to the period of his second assump- tion of the throne in 1815. His policy then wore a libe- ral aspect ; he was determined upon carrying out the charter. This excited the disgust of the Compte D’Artois, brother of the King and heir to the ihrone, the prince who afterwards lost the throne under the name of Charles the Tenth. Here followed a well drawn character of this monarch, who was shown to be possessed of high intellec- tual, physical and moral advantages, disfigured by ultra and’ most violent royalist principles ; had his principles been different, his personal advantages, Mr. Everett said, would, in all probability have rendered him a very popu: lar sovereign. The leaders of the royalist and liberal par- ties, both political and literary, were then sketched, und their power over the public mind estimated, from which it was evident that if not all the talent, at least all the ar- gument and rearon lay upon the side ofthe liberal writers in the mean time the (es of the other States to whom similar charters had been promised, finding themselvec deluded, exhibited symptoms of disaffection and rebellion, so that indications of mischief were brewing over almost all Europe. At last on the first of January, 1820, an army of 10,000 men, which had been | collected at Cadiz to proceed 'to America to reconquer the Spanish Colonies, declared themselves against the government, and for the Cortes of 1812; and the King of Spain found it necessary to sign the constitution. Events of a similar character took place in Naples, Portugal and rdinia, but they were suppressed by force. These oc: surrences produced a strong feeling in the courta of Eu- rope, and particularly in that of France; and the assass! nation of the Duke of Berri, about the same time, probably had still greater effect in ‘producing the change which followed, for it cansed the King (Louis XVIII) to change entirely his policy, giving it exactly an opposite direc- tion to that he had previously pursued. The death of Louis, which occurred in 1923, transferred the crown from the author of the charter to its bitterest opponent, and the known adherents of ultra royalist andiarbitgary opinions. The first result of this change was the march- ing of one hundred thousand men into Spain to crush the new constitution; and Mr. Everett narrated the subse- quent events of the King’s reign, including a description of the elections, at which the people invariable returned majorities in opposition to the court, till the establishment of the Polignac administration, by which the famous or- dinances were issued which were the immediate cause of the three aay "revolution. By one of these instruments, the newly elected Chamber of Deputies were dissolved before they ever assembled; by the second, the publica- tion hal ea was prohibited, without a iminary licence; end by the third large portion of the voters in the kingdom were deprived of the franchise; all in direct opposition to the charter. The resnit was the flight and abdication of Charles X., and the ascension of Louis Philippe, whose history and character were graphically sketched. Following the narrative was a comparison be- tween the Stuart family, in English history, and Charles, irawn in admirable colors; nd the lecturer concluded by 9 glowing euloginm upon the life and consistent charac- ver ofthe Jamented Lafayette. It wi Tae Punic O1.—-The Superintendent of the Oil Department seems to be woefully lacking in in- formation as to the quality of the oil now consumed in the several oil lamps belonging to the corpoya tion. We recommend that gentleman to visit Mr Malachi Fallon, and inspect the walls of his Ezyp- tian Mansion in Centre street. The purity he talks so largely about in his communication to the Board of Assistants, last night, is sadly deficient in the oil burned there. Tue Pirate Matnews.—The tral of this young man, forthe murder and piracy on beard the ill fated Sarah Lavinia, is set down for ten o'clock this morning, before Judge Betts, at the U. S, Cir- cuitCourt. The evidence in the case will be simi- lor to that given at the trial of the convicted pri- what we now say. | Tyler. Be that as it may, we must say, from watching the course of Mr. Ketchum, and asa lawyer and a politician and a public man in this city, we do not think he is possessed of sufficient talent, of sufficient liberality, or ot sufficient ampli- tude of mind, forthe high office he aspires to. Mr. Ketchum has a great deal of talent of a certain kind, but its range is narrow; he has strong préju- dices both political, religious, and other kinds; and we do not think, upon the whole, he possesses that kind of comprehensive mind which ought to be elevated tothe Court of the United States; and we hope that President Tyler will take that into consideration when he fills the vacancy. Pusiic Meeting iv Revation To THE Gas Com- paNY.—A number of citizens called upon us yester- day in relation to the nogice we have given in re- ference to a public meeting that is preparing to be called to investigate the concerns of this company, and present their conduct to the next Legislature. We believe there is a strong feeling in favor of such a movement, and we understand that the proprietor of the Shakspeare Hotel, in the Fourth Ward, has offered the free use of his Hall for a public meet- ing. Ina few days, and as soon as preparation is made, it is probable full notice will be given, and all those who complain of the exorbitant charges of the company, and the manner in which they con- luct their business, should be ready to bring for- ward their bills and statements of facts to substan- tiate their complaints, while they move the legisla- ture on to action. Frora’s Justtee ar Nisio’s.—At this delightful period of the year, when balls, parties, soirees and all that are the rage, he is supplying the ladies with boquets and wreaths of unsurpassed elegance and hgauty. They are arranged by an old hand in the establishment, and look as if they had come direct- ly from the fragrant fingers of Flora herself. His collection of green-house plants, vases and baskets of flowers, and rare and valuable seeds are all emi- nently worthy of attention. It will be seen by an advertisement in another column, that this part of his establishment has been greatly enlarged and improved by Mr. Niblo. But he invites the ladies to call and judge for themselves. American Repusiican Mgetine at NEwark.— Last evening, at the United States Hotel, the Ame- rican Republicans met for the purpose of organiza- tion. About six to eight hundred persons were pre- sent. Hedden Ball, Esq., was called to the chair, and Samuel Bond and Caleb P. Crockett, Esqrs., appointed Vice Presidents, and Richmond Ward, Esq., Secretary. The meeting was addressed by Thomas S. Oakley, Esq., of this city, ina speech of an hour’s Jength,and adjourned with three cheers for American principles, and three hearty ones for the speaker. Cuxan Srreets.—The Board of Assistant Alder- men, last evening, passed the ordinance for clean- ing the streets. It only wants the signature of his Honor the Mayor to become alaw. Pray, Mr. Mayor, remember your dear friends, and as a New Year's gift, let us see again the natural paving stones; we are tired of the artificial substitute. Perhaps that trunk may be dug out in the opera- tion. The reward would pay for the extra carts and voters. Lavest rnom Canapa.—We have received To- ronto papers of the 20th, Montreal of the 21st, and Quebee and Kingston of the 19th inst. We annex all the intelligence that we can find :— The delay which has taken place in the formation of a 1ew ministry augers favorably. It shows that Sir Charles Metoalfe is determined to place himself in the hands of no warty. The friends of the Lafontaine-Baldwin clique would no doubt like to see His Excellency throw himself into the arms of the Old Compact; and are hollowing lustily for the formation of a new Cabinet. Little atten. ion, however, will be paid to the barking of these curs.— Kingston Whig, Dec. 19. The Toronto Patriot mentions as a rumor, that a large number of the Reform Members of Western Canada, who voted with Baldwin on the recent divison, met together in Kingston just se Parliament wax prorogued, and sent memorandum to the Governor Gener signifying their willingness to support any Council to be formed by Mr Harrison, An avalanche of snow fell upon six children who wer: soner, Babe at play at L’Ance des Meres, near Quebec. Five were gol ow e, the sixth was dead.— Montreal Herald, Dec, 2. ‘Washington. (Correspondence of the He.rald.) Wasuineton, Dec. 24, 1843. : Christmas Eve. James G. Bennett, Esq :— Dear Sin— This, being Sunday, is another dies non. The only thing which has occurred to-day at Washing- ton worthy of notice, is the preaching of the Rev. Judge Colquitt, Senator from Georgia, at the Me- thodist church. I say the Reverend Judge, be- cause he was introduced to the audience by the pastor of the church as , Judge—as in point of fact he is. Tam at a losstodecide whether I should say any thing of his sermon or not. Could 1 speak of it as a rich intellectual treat—filled with thoughts—ad- dressed to the reason—logical—theological—ma- thodical—grammatical—eloquent in style and dic- tion—or in fact as pomeenins any of those points of attraction which characterize the efforts of genius and intellectual greatness, it would give me plea- sure to speak of it. But as it was a sermon ad- dressed exclusively to the passions and the fears of the audience, containing zeal enoagh te season a whole “body of divinity,” it may be best to pass it by with the single remark, that if an Sey uneducated Methodist Elder (Mr. Colquitt is a. Methodist,) had de! vered it to an audience of country farmers and mechanic: instead of a learned Judge and Senator of the United States delivering it to a polite audience of Ex-Presidents, Senators, Representatives, and others of equal eminence Isay if any body else had delivered such a sermon, I should have called it mere rant. I will only say of it, in addition, that it was publicly ad- vertised in the leading Wasl mn papers. EXx-President Adams, and others above named were present, and expec- tation was on stilts to hear s man of such triangular capa- city as to unite in his single person the three functions of Legislator, Judge, and Minister of the Gospel. ‘The ser- mon being over, stilts fell. It is astonishing how Ole Bull is fiddling religious su- perstitions out of people who would never before set their shoe leather inside of a theatre, for fear it would be defiled. Cat-gut and horse-hair do what argument and lo- gic can’t. Yours, &. 8. B. Mr. Bennett :— R ‘ Do or do not the American Republicang,as a party, intend to run a separate candidate for the Presi- dency ? This point is obscured in mystery, darkness and doubt. In all their pocesd inate no satisfactory answer is given to this oft repeated inquiry. If they do not so intend, why not avow it at once in an open, manly, Herald like manner—in a manner not to be mistaken. This done, and all opposition ceases the instant the declaration is made—their party will be the only party so far as the city go- vernment is concerned. This point gained—our city freed from corruption, fraud and crime, and the work of reformation to say the least is nobly begun; indeed it will be glory enough for one year, to have removed all foreigners from office—esta- blished a strong and effective police—reduced one half the current expenses of the city—cleaned and repaved our streets—removed the lumber and rub- bish from the side-walks, and many} other burdens under which the people groan and travail. . Now is this the design of ‘‘ Young America,” or is it to become a national thing—an independent party in politics, and, of course, share the fate of every third pee which has sprung into existence the last half century. Thousands are halting be- tween two opinions waiting an answer to this,im- portant inquiry. Quenist. We cannot answer the question—nor do we be- lieve can Young America. Why ask them a ques- tion which cannot be answered? The first great object is to reform the city government—to run for the city government—to confine their purposes to the city government. When that object is achieved, it will be time to inquire ‘what next?’ That is our opinion. The Presidential question is not. suf- ficiently developed to know what’s what, or who’s who. Mn. Bennett Are you aware that the sentence last week decided upon, for Beach, in your case, was a fine of $250 and ten days in the city prison ; and that the Recorder has since stated to Beach’s counsel, that his imprisonment will be reduced to one leg Are you aware that Major Noah is now editor of Beach’s Sun—that is, has become Beach’s doer of melancholy work, and that his is the new hand which has appeared at the handle of that bellows the present week ? These are truths spoken “ by authority.” ONE BEHIND THE CURTAIN. We are aware of no such thing, and do not care button whether it be so or not. The Court of Sessions may sentence Mike Walsh, with three cents in his pocket, to the penitentiary for two months, and Moses Y. Beach, with $50,000 in his pocket, to a fine of six cents and no imprisonment atall if it please. It isa question for the moral sense of the community to pass upon. We have done with it. As to poor old worn out Noah, he may write where he pleases, we have done with him long since, and shall never put astraw in his way either aere or hereafter. Great Men of the American Republicans. Mr. Bennerr— 8 In the catalogue of the orators of this party, you have omitted at least three who deserve a niche in the Temple of Fame. I refer to the Hon. M. M. Quackenboss, the Hon. Job Haskel, and the Hon. +x-auctioneer Philo L. Mills. Mr. Q. does not seem to be so wordy as many of the others It would be well if Mr. Sammons, Whitney, Oakley, Haskeil and others would take a lesson from him. They deal too much in appeals to the passions, ‘ound assertions unsustained by facts, and positive nisstatements and talsehoods, with a plentiful sup- ily of doggerel, sometimes in prose, and some- imes in the shape of poetry ; but it is only the sha- tow of it, lacking substance. There are others which T hope you will not omit to add to the cata- logue from time to time, especially the candidates tor the loaves and fishes, or the crumbs to be picked up. ‘VIgEUXTEMPS. Wirnprawat or Mr. Bucuanan.—A letter from the Hon. James Buchanan, addressed to the De- mocrats of Pennsylvania, is published in the last aumber ¢f the Lancaster Intelligencer. Mr. B, ‘ays:— After long and serious refleetion, 1 have resolved to withdraw my name from the list of Presidential candi- lates to be presented before the Democratic National Con. vention. ‘this resolution has been dictated by an anxious lesire to drive discord from the ranks of the party, and se- sure the ascendancy of Democratic principles both in the 3tate and throughout the Union. In arriving at this con- clusion, I have consulted no human being. It is entirely my own spontaneous act, and proceeds from the clearest ind strougest conviction of duty. Whilst thus {aking my leave, as your candidate for the Presidential office, 1 am animated by asense of profound gratitude for the unanimity and enthusiasm with which you have ui my elevation to the highest office on varth. This feeling shall remain engraven on my heart until time for me shall be no longer.” He also expresses his determination to support the nominee of the National Convention, and does ot say a word for or against either ,of the other andidates. Narrow Escars at THE Sattors’ Snug Har- sor.—On Thursday morning the 2Ist instant, at about 3 A. M., it was discovered that five men were suflocating in consequence of the escape of yas from the stove pipe that leads through the room. By timely assistance they were all removed ind their lives saved, although at the time of dis- covery they were speechless. Apams & Co’s Exrress.—We learn that this onterprising concern have extended their line to Cincinnati and New Orleans. They now send par- cels through to the latter place twice a week. They will soon spread their business over the whole west and south. America DerevpEp.—The Rev. Orville Dewey will deliver a lecture the week cfter next, to the members of the New York Lyceum, upon “ Amer- ican morals and manners.” Amusement s Broapway Crrcus—Benerit or Levi Norta.— The concluding evening of t! distinguished per- ‘ormer’s engagement at the Cire it Niblos, is the pre- sent, and it is to be devoted to his benefit. In allthe dis- tinctions which have been conferred upon him during his professional career, he has never forgotten the land of his aativity, but returns to be ever welcomed by his earlieat associates. The entertainments for this occasion are such as to develope the further advancement he has made in his former accomplisements. We have no doubt he will be largely compensated in every sense of the term. — Cuarnam THeatre.—It_is m years since the beautiful drama of the ‘‘Foundling of the Forest was played in New York. It has now been revived in its original splendor, and will to night be put upon the stage with all’ necessary concomitante. By request of aumeroue patrons the Pretty Girls of Stilburg will be again performed with the fulf number of angels as petti- coat soldiers, Ole Williams, with Diamond, go through their negro peculiariti jiss Rallia and Miss Clemence bothdance. Mr. Chambers — in the grotesque, and Mr. Astley appears in his truly wonderful gymnastic feats, All this forms a bill of irresistible attraction even in holiday times, i GEN. Trost Tuumn, THE Grestes, AND THE Mac- aificent performances at the American Museum are drawing tremendous houses. Never did this esta. lishment present such attractionwas this week. The per formances every afternson and evening are the most laughable and interesting we ever heard, and we under. stand that Barnum is making such preparations for New Year's day, as will outwteip every thing that has preceded hem. In addition to other splendid entertainments, a tramatic ballet will hg tena aay by 2% children under superintanaance 9 ons. Checkeni. It will be gre don't fail of seeing it. BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL. a "aoe (Correspondence of the Herald.) ‘ ‘Wasutneton, Dec. 26, 1843. James G. Bennetr, Esq.— Dear Str :— Of the wine which Mr. Fuller caused to flow so treely yesterday, Ole Bull partook but little. He said he was the creature of excitement and enthu- siasm, and he could not bear it. He complained of asevere pain in his chest, and also of gome dif- ficulty in the movement of his left hand; and we began to entertain serious fears that he would not be able to perform, to his own satisfaction at least, last evening. But he left the dinner early, took a walk, inhaled the fresh air, looked with admiration upon some of the Washinggon belles, caught a lit- tle of the spirit of our liberal and free institutions as he gazed upon the captemR and was ready to per- form his partin the evening, ee. ipa aston- ishment, and amazement of every ne who heard him. Through the extraordinary efforts of Mr. Emery, and the patience and perseverance of Sig. La Menna, the leader of the orchestra, a very good, indeed a superior accompanyment was ready to perform on the occasion. Mrs. Bailey sung in her usual neat and tasty style. But the audience were altonesies carried away by Ole Bull. No language could express their emotions—and not a few of the fair ladies of Washington, as was the case with the iadies of Baltimore, would have been delighted to have waited upon the handsome violinist, and in iis personis testified to him their admiration enchantment. Ole Bull will surely bewitch all the southern ladies. I need not say that the whole house was crowded with the fs ‘lite of Washing- ton, including such Members of Congress as were intown. Ole Bull left this morning for Baltimore. where he performs this evening. He returns and ives another concert here to-morrow (Wednes- jay) evening ; after which he leaves for Richmond and other places in Virginia. ‘i Two or three important resolutions have been introduced into the Senate to-day, as will be seen by the report. I refer particularly to the resolution of Mr, Allen to open the doors of the Senate while transacting Executive business—to the notice of a bill by Mr. Atchinson to establish a government over Geen &e. , ei The complaint is very general in relation to the difficulty of hearing in the gallery what is said in the Senate below. And it is most respectfully sug- gested to the honorable Senators, that it their con- stituents, the public, have no right to know what they say and do upon the floor of the Senate, yet as a matter of courtesy, they might,when important matters are presented and discussed, condescend to speak loud enough to be heard in the Paley. a TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. Senate, Tugspay, Dec. 26, 1843. , MemorraLs.—A number of unimportant memo- rials were presented by different Senators. Mr. Tan.atance presented a petition from ci zens of Wisconsin, asking for a grant of land t enable them to improve Fox River. nite Mr. Wricut Acad a petition from citizens of Brookfield, Madison county, N. ing fora pensionfor John Keith, a soldier of the Revolu- uon. Also a petition from Albany, asking a revision of the laws relative to Hospital monies. __ Mr. Tappan presented a petition by citizens of Cincinnati, for a bridge over the Ohio river. Mr. Arcninson gave notice that he would to- morrow introduce a bill to establish a Government in Oregon. Resolution by Mr. Ponren—That the Secretary of War be requested to send to the Senate any estimates which may be in his possession of the cost of” connecting Lukes Huron and Sy) r, by means of a Canal around the Falls mer ‘ed to navigation by steam vessels. Resolution by Mr. Arten—That the 40th rule for con- ducting business in the Sen: and which requires the Senate to close its doors while transacting executive bu- siness be rescinded, and the Senate shall hereafter sit with open doors when transacting all business except when acting upon treaties, and then the Senate shall sit with closed doors, as hitherto under the 40th rule. Mr. Barrow presentrd a resolution calling on the Presi- dent for such information as he may. posuets respecting the claims of citizens of the United States against Mex- ico. Mr. Watxer presented a resolution asking the Presi- dent to communicate to the Senate the expenses of the government foreach year up to the present, and also what these expenses were for. Mr. Berrien, from the Committee on the Judicia: mitted on the 23d inst., a report (No. 8) accom the following Bill, which was read twice and A Bivt ror Rewier or Isaac Ivscey. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- tives of the United States of America in Congress assem- bled, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby authorized and directed to pay to Isaac [Isley out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated,the sum of three hundred and ninety-four dollars and seventy- eight cents, being the balance of emoluments to which he was entitled as collector of the customs for the district of Portland and Falmouth, in the State of Maine, for the first quarter of the year one thousand eight hundred and twen- ty-nine. Some considerable discussion followed, in which Messrs Berrien, Phelps and Wright {ook part. ‘The Bill war fi- aully laid over to Tuesday week, and it ia unimportant to report the debate—being upon mere construction of the law. After a short session upon Executive business the Senate adjourned. House of Representatives. Wasuineton, Tuesday night, Dec. 26. Reduction of a ao ititions—Ex- penditures of the Navy Department. As soon as the journal was read, Mr. Wiis offered a resolution to the effect that an additional number of iron steam vessels be built at Pittsburgh, for the purpose of defence in exico, revenue service, d&c., and to iid and protect the commerce of the western wa- ters. Spraker—It is not in order without a suspension of the rules, sir. : Wixxins—I move to suspend them, then, sir.— This is a very important subject, sir, to the coun- ,sub- by the Gulf of M try. The House, however, refused to suspend the rules. Mr. Apams said the committee on commerce ought to have given a full report upon the subject. Mr. Jamteson—lI call the a to order, sir. The subject is not debateable. Mr. Apa! ‘ve done, sir, (Laughter.) _ Cave Jounson—What is the first business in or- der, Mr. Speaker? a Srgaxer—The resolution of the gentleman from New York (Preston King), instructing the commit- tee on post offices and roads to enquire into the ex- padignicy of a speedy reduction of postage, abolish- ing the tranking privilege, and an adoption of the federal currency in the rates of postage. z . Mr. Horkiys—That committee need no iustruc- tions, sir; they are giving their whole time and most patient attention to the matter; making the fullest enquiries into the subject in all its bearings, and wall soon report fully upon it. R . Mr. Apams asked if the reference of the remain- ing. part of the President’s Message was not in order. PEAKER—Not without going into committee of the whole, sir. 7 Mr.Kina—I don’t wish to consume the fime of this House, sir, there’s been too much of that done ilready. Laughter.) But this subject of postage is a very important one. It excitesan i terest inthe State of New York, an over the Union. I don’t wish to instruc mittee, sir, but I want the whole subje the House in a clear and comprehe: 30 that we may act upon it as soon a: it has to be disposed of somehow this Mr. Carrort—The resolution Department should maintain itself. people desire the postage to be reduced, tor it, whether the Department does support itself. But I don't want thi too soon, or before we have full infor it. R. D. Davis—I wish to see the Hor mittee act understandingly and prompt matter. _ A Voice, (in an under tone)—‘‘Oh, take your time, Miss Lucy.” (Laughter.) ‘The resolution was finally not referred to the Post Office Committee. © J Inaenso.s— What is the regular order of business before the House now, sir? Sreaxen—Petitions from the States and Territories. Ixcensort—I move the House go into Committee of the ole, and take up the only bili there, that relating to Gen. Jackson’s fine.—(Laughler.) The House refused to suspend the rules. Petitions were then presented from the various States and Territories. Among these was one from Indiana, praying a reduction of 33 per cent postage, two or three from and seve- ral from Pennsylvania and New York to the same effect, but from no other States. Mr. Gippincs—I have a ition, sir, that no free man shall hereafter be sold in the District of Columbia, and that no slaves shall be brought here for sale. A Memara—Here they come again. pais Sa me within fat de Gippines—I think not, sir; it prays only for a general alteration of the laws ofthe District. 8 erie aM sad Ye “a and — any te = ipLack—T have sever ions, sir, for a ro- duotlon of portage. T'do net know whit dering bts be made ef them, A Mena, (in an under tone)-—Put ’em in the fire put ’em in the fre—burn ‘em. Why, where the devil do all these petitions for reduction of postage come from? Mr. Avams—I have here a petition, sir, p gress to pass laws to abolish slavery and Sreaxen—It comes within the rule, sir. Avams—Very weil, sir; give it me back. Thave another, praying Congress to abolish affect the right of petition. | Laughter.) i laws that move its reference to the 's ko referred, have one here, Sir, containing four prayers. en A nA Ff