The New York Herald Newspaper, August 15, 1843, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. Qg- All letters on business with this office, and communications intended fer imeertion, must be addressed as heretofore to Jaums Gorpon Bennitt, editor and proprietor of the New York Herald. The theatres are all clesed for ihe summer months except the Chatham, whose season continues the whole year round; but there is heard “ the busy note of preparation” for the next campaign. The Panxis preparing fora glorious season. Mr. Simpson is in England procusng novelties, and his able representatives, Messrs. Blake and Barry, are immersed in arrangements for reception. Mr. Macready will leave England *arlyin September,and will remain in the United States until next June. Mr. Templeton and Mrs. Nesbit will also arrive at an early period; and Garcia, sister of the lamented Malibran, Cerito, Miss Romer, and a host of others, will succeed them. The interior of “ Old Drury” is undergoing almost magical changes. Yesterday, when we took a hasty glance at its interior, it re- sembled one vast workshop for all the known em- ployments of artists and artizans. The stage is in the process of a thorough renovation, and the audi- ence part is subjected to entire changes and adorn- ment. From the foundation to the roof improve- ments willbe made. The pit will be new seated and cushioned; the first tier of boxes will be elegant- ly painted in hght salmon color, with gold wreaths, blending the hickory and the oak together. The second tier will be adorned with pictures from the illustrated Shakespeare, and on the ceiling the Muses will be painted in nine compartments. The dome will be ornamented with the sun and the head of Apollo, around which there will be various allegori- cal designs, Seventeen new chandeliers with drops will illuminate the House, and the lobbies will be painted in oil. This is but a meagre ac- count of the improvements in progress, but we in- tend, when the work is farther advanced, to give a more minute detail and description. The change of the exterior it is contemplated to make as com- plete as that of the interior, so that old Drury shall really be worthy to be called a Metropolitan Thea- tre. Of the company for the next season we can only say yet that it will consist of some old favor- ites, and many new faces, which will add much to its strength. It cannot be doubted that the next season will be one of unusual brilliancy. ‘When the worst comes to the worst, the worst is ended,” is as true as it is trite. The management appears now to have been aroused to new exertions. Since Mr. Barry has been entrusted with the stage management, some of the best old and new English comedies have been got up with a splendor which was new to the Park; but still in the management there were many sins of omission, for which Mr Simpson is now about to make atonement. So far he will make the The- atre attractive—and he has the indications of the times to justify him in his enterprize. Mricug.u’s Otympic, we also hear, is undergo- ing renovation, and in burlesque and travestie we are to be astonished with many novelties. ‘The Cuatuam will pursue its usual course of spi- rited management—and thus we have three thea tres, each esscntially differing from the other, pre- paring for the coming season. There is, however, another branch of public en- tertainment which appears to be wanting. Paris has her Francoui’s, and London her Astley’s, both far above the mere circus. Gaudy epectacle and showy allegorical representations have their admi- Ters in all communities; but if to these were added graceful equestrianism and the most accomplished performances, such as those which Franconi and the late Ducrow have been accustomed to give, a well regulated amphitheatre in some fashion- able part of the city would doubtless receive a liberal support. Newspapers come to us with ela- borate descriptions of the most astonishing and pleasing lady equestrianism at Franconi’s—perform- ances which we read are beyond conception daring and graceful. Let such ‘‘Stars” be imported, and all others that are so sttractive in that peculiar species of amusement in Enrope. But when and by whom shall this be done? The great General, Rufus Welch is in the Mediterranean, and probably now astonishing the Algerines. But what says Niblo? His summer ceason will soon terminate, and his ex- tensive buildings and grounds will tien, probably, remain unoccupied until he opens for the summer of ‘44. Both his premises and his location are favora- ble. If, however, he should be unwilling, who else will undertake the enterprise? Rockwell, late of the Park Theatre, 1s the only man, in the ab- sence of Rufus Welch, his late partner; he is well qualified for the undertaking. Skilled in all the mysteries of the profession, vigorous in his man- agement, possessed of a large well trained stud of horses, with performers of the greatest excellence, he may and will become the Ducrow of the Western World. Let us then have an Astley’s here, and then we shall be able to gratify all tastes, for we shall furnish tragedy, comedy, opera, the ballet, and farce at the Park; burlesque, traves- ties, and farce at the Olympic; tragedy, melo-drama and farce at the Chatham; and on an improved scale and in a superior style, all the peculiarities and marvels of Francei’s or Astley’s, somewhere else. Glorious indeed will be the next winter sea- son, or we have§mistaken the signs of the times. Of the present state of theatres and movements of theatrical people we make the following report :— The Chatham announces for the present week, amongst their other attractions, Mr. Geo. Vanden- hoff, tragedian, Mr. Forbes, from the southern theatres, and Mr. J. M. Scott. _ At Niblo’s we have the Ravela, who draw ama- zingly, and two nights a week English Vaudevilles, unuer the management of Mr. John Sefton, who, with Mrs. H. Hunt, are the principal features. ssjiaaid The National, at Boston, re-opens under the stage News ror Evrorg.—The Acadia sails from Bos- ton to-monow; we shall, therefore, issue a second edition this day in time for the Beston boat, which will coatain all the news up to the latest moment trom every part of the Union. To ovr Susscrrsers.—The inside form of our morning Edition, was knocked into “Pi” just as it was going to press. There was not a line saved from the wreck of matter, and crush of types. We do not mind being roused from our slumbersat three o'clock in the morning, by the arrival of important foreign news, but to be started out at that hour, by such an aceident, has as severely taxed our equa- nimity of patience as the non-receipt of the Herald at the usual hour has that of our subscribers. The force of our establishment is so strong, and the arrangements so perfect, that a few hours have sufficed to transform chaos and confusion into the interesting and valuable matter now presented to our readers. New Yosx Canats snp New kyotanp Ram Roaps.—The shrewd, calculating, fore-seeing peo- ple of New England are as busy as ever laying out new railroad routes, and projecting other magnifi- cent improvements. Io a few years every village of importance in the six States will be a depot, and railroads will be as plenty as the well beaten tho- roughfares of ancient tims. The addition to the aggregate value of the soil, caused by these iron roads, 1s immense. It equalizes the value, and brings more remote sections of the country into ac- tive and succeseful competition with the more ad- jacent lands to large markets. It enables the pro- ducer, one hundred miles in the interior, to reach the largest markets with a speed and regularity that ensures him as profitable returns as, in past years, the resident of the immediate vicinity received.— ‘We say the aggregate value of the soil has increas- ed immensely throughout New England by means of the numerous railroads. Lands in the imme- diate neighborhood of large cities, say within 25 miles, do not now, as heretofore, monopolize the business of supplying those cities with produce for daily consumption—consequently, the soil within that circuit has decreased in value a large per cent, while districts farther off are worth a greater per cent more—so that the average is increased, and the wealth of the States immeasurably augmented. Railroads, on the other hand, never build up or in- crease the business of villages on the line of travei, but in many instances, throughout New England, places have been ruined, and the inhabitants com- pelled to seek mechanical employment in some more favored spot. Jn contrast with the above, look at the canals of this state; look at the large and thriving cities built up by ‘*Clinton’s Big Ditch,” look at the large markets for produce created throughout the entire length of the state; look the thoueands employed in transporting the rich products of the west, and, lastly, look atthe revenue they yearly pour into the treasury of the state. The farms in the vicinity of Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo, have monopo- lized the raising of many valuable crops, that here- tofore were confined to the banks of the Hudson and the rich lands et Long Island. New England, with her magnificent western rail- road, has not yet taken one drop from the immense mass of produce that floats on the bosom of the broad Hudson. Withall the capital and industry of her citizens, she will ever be dependent on the en- terprise and resources of the Empire State of the Union ; still it 18 « source ef gratification to look on and watch, from commencement to completion, the various new objects of improvement the people of the eastern States project and perfect. A Court “Scene” at Wasnincton.—We have Jaughed through every note in the gamut, and we have exhausted every variety of expression which denotes uncontrolable, convulsive amusement, at the folly of one lawyer Huban, of Washington. It is a capital joke, and we regret that it 1s so feebly descrited in the Washington Capitol, as follows :— Ficut iw tHe Count Hovse.—A few minutes after the court edivurned yesterday, @ fracas took place between James Hoban, Eeq., one of Mr. Dowden’s counsel, and Wm. Thompson, « justice of the peace. The cause was understood to be as tello’ Ketter ap; in the New York Herald of Monday last, reflecting upon Mr. Hoban for his apeech in defence of his client. Mt. H. sup- sed that Mr. Thompson was the author, and spoke to im about it. Crimination brought recriminatfon, until they finally came to blows. Is this right in a court of justice? Shame! shame! The arrangement which this sapient lawyer has thus forced upon us meets our warmest approval. It would be inconvenient and tiresome to the patience of such effervescing pop-bottles to communicate with us on the subject of supposed grievances, and therefore it is much more agreeable to be able to walk up to Justice Thompson’s shanty and “ pitch into him.” With a desire to gratify and accommo- date such small fry, we hereby constitute and ap- point this “ old Thompson, that lives at the back of Gadsby’s,” as he was described in the testimony of Mrs. Dorsey, our true and lawful representative in all such cases as the foregoing, for the entire District of Columbia and the village of Bladensburg; and any pugnacious wight may therefore ease his conscience at any convenient opportunity in the mode which lawyer Hoban has suggested. The story reminds us of an anecdote of a good pious Catholic woman, for whoee conscience sake a severe penance was prescnbed, and a mortification of the flesh by wholesome whipping. Being in deli- cate health, her devoted husband was desirous to re- lieve her from so painful a penance,and he undertook to take her share of the stripes. They were accord- ingly administered on the bare person of the sin- ner’s lord and master; and during the infliction, she thus piously ‘confessed her sins and the justice of their punishment :—“Oh, lay on, lay ont don’t spare him; flog harder, for I am a great sinner!” Now, when lawyer Hoban’s vanity is wounded by any comments of ours, let him whack the fat sides of old Thompson, and not spare him, for we admit that we are great sinners. RETRENCHMENT BY THE Common CounciL.—We direct the attention of our readers to our Common Couneil report in another column, from which will be found the whole features of Mr. Alderman Em- Mans’ project, for the reduction of the salaries of the civic officers, from the Mayor down to the Su- perintendent of the Public Grounds. The principle which the Alderman attempts to establish, is a vital one, but it remains to be seen whether it will be adopted Lavuncn.—The ship“Cohota,” belonging to Messrs N. L. & G. Griswold, will be launched this day at I” o’clock, P. M., from the ship yard of Wm. H. ‘Webb, betweenth 6th and 7th streets, East River. She is about 750 tons burthen, and is to be com- manded by Captain David Hepburne. This ship is expected to be afast eailer, and for excellency of workmanship or symmetry of models cannot be sur- passed, and fully sustains the reputation this builder has already acquired. (Col. KR. M. Johnson has announced in a letter to the editor o the Pottsville, Pa. Emporium, that he will start on his eastern tour to New Jersey, Maseachusetts, Vermont, and other States, some time between the 19th anJ 30th of August. cg-The President did not arrive at Washington on Friday evening, as was expected, having been detained by the dangerous illness of » grandchild management of Mr. Robt. Hamilion. Dan Marble is at Buflalo. The Seguins, Shrival and Archer are at St. Louis. Mrs. Brougham woa drawing good houses at St. Louis, by last accounte. Larer From Havana.—By the arrival of the tast- sailing, reguiar packet ship Cristoval Colon, Captain Smith, we have received full files of the “‘Noti- cioso,” the “Faro Industrial,” and the “‘Diaro,” to the 5th inst. inclusive. They are almost barren of news. An order had been received in Havana, from Queen Isabella, granting a full pardon to all con- fined for political offences in the {sland of Cuba. The nobility and gentry of Havana have perfected arrangements with Marty, to open the Tacon Thea- tre on the st of November next, for the perform- ance of Sp.nish opera, for four years from that date. The Spanish frigate Nu from Barcelona, on the Ist inst. arrived at Havana, Batus.—We need only direct attention to the ad- vertisement of the Exchange Baths in another column, for the utility of such establishments is self evident. Og The annual commencement at Norwich Uni- versity, Norwich, Vt., will take place on the 17th instant. It is announced that the Hon. Richard M. Johnson will be present, and deliver an address. Tue Cuatrnam—Mr. Lennox, the stage maneger, takes his benefit this evening, and he offers un at- tractive bill. The Ellsler Brothers and many other popular persone of the profession have tendered their services for this occasion, and with the exertions of Mr. Lennox himself in some favorite Scotch char- acters, the attraction will be sufficient to fill the house. Nisto’s—The comic pantomime of “ Mazulme” is more attractive this season than the last. Each night the Saloon is crowded to overflowing, to wit- ness Jerome, Antoine and the wonderful Gabriel, in lover, clown, and harlequin. To-night is to be repeated, with the ballet pantomime of the “ Wood Cutter,” a very interesting and amusing ballet, in whiehGabriel appears. There is to be an instrumental concert in the Saloon at the end of the pantomime. ‘The music at this establishment is one of the charms of the place. The overtures are played with great correctness and effect. Thi the last night but two of the pantomime. the election there continues fore, we are withont any complete retur::s, Ja Mason the vote stood on the a ereesbet Wall, W., 788; Tibbatt Major Wall’s majority will be about fret day . F, 367 800 in that county. In Bracken, same candidates stood about equal on the firet day. Mr. W. will probably receive about 200 majority here. In Nieholas Coun- ty, as far as heard from, the loco a small majority. In Bourbon and Fayette counties, the vote stood, first day— W. Wickliffe, uncertain. Paris, 650 100 The Precincts 170 92 Lexington, bod 442 Frankiort, 450 aT A letter received from Maysville gives a confident rumor that Andrews is defeated in the Fleming Dis- trict. From Tennessee the intelligence is still cheering to the Whig party. The following are the returas, so far as we can gather them, for Governor: 1943. 1841, Jones,W. Polk, L.F. Jones. Polk. Davidson, 2064 148) 1768 1286 Williamson, 1059 - 1803 809 Wilson, 1349 - 2246 971 Rutherford, an - im 1634 Robertson, 439 - 960 630 Bediord, 30 - 1863 2344 Lawrence, 6 - 622 505, - 966 702 1621 - 300 319 657 - 377 1367 2187 - 636 47 939 53 m. - - = White, 627 m. _ - - Warren, -_ 284m. = _ Giles, 1307 1226 uo 1276 Cannon - 836 Those counties in which the returns for 1841 are not iven, are generally new; the counties from which they | st been taken will present a greater change in votes, of bourse, than in opinion. Lecistatore, le. Senate Locofooo. Nicholson, of Maury, Whig. Jennings, of Davidson, Loughlin, of Warren, Martin, of Wilson, Cullom, of Smith. Sneed, of Rutherford, Allen, of Montgomery, _ House of Representatives. y ig ofoco. Trimble, of Davidson, Boddie, of Sumner, Moorman,of do. Turner, of do. Roach, of Wilson, Polk, of Maury, Hamilton, of do. Gordon of do. Busrus, of Rutherford, ‘Walker, of Hickman,’ Richardson, of do. Davenport, of Lawrence, Walker, of Williamson, Smartt, of Warten, Maury, of do. real Bedford, ler, of Montgomery, Cheatham, of Robertson, Coggin, of DeKalb, Goode, of Giles. The locos gain one representative in Lawrence, and the whigs gain one in Bedford. The editor of the Louisville Journal adds:—" Two gentlemen from Clarksville, Montgomery county, inform us that Jones’s majority over Polk tor Governor, in the whole of that county except one precinct, is 21,'a great gain since 1841. They inform us thet Henry’s mojority Jobnson. for Congress,in the same county, is and their opinion is that Henry is elected. The Nash- hig thinks that Johnson is probably re-elected, but by a greatly reduced majority. His majority in 1841 was 870. Dr. Soseph H. Peyton, whig, is elected to Con- gressin the Nashville district, D W Dickinson, whig, in the Rutherford, Wilson, and Williamson dis- trict. Extract of a letter to the Editor of the Louisville Jour nal, dated / Wuie Orrice, Nasuvitie, Aug. 6, Night. Dean Sin—The additional returns from our election to-day, place the re-election of Governor Jones, by an increased majority, beyond a reasonable doubt. His gain in Middle Tennessee, over the vote of 1841, is alread: 1067. We may reach 1500. We hi no reason to lool for diminished majorities in the extreme divisions ; on the contrary, the same infiuences which obtained in Middle Tennessee, will probobly yield a steady gain throughout the State, Do not look, however, for a b bm gain from East Tennessee or the Western District. @ The prospects fora Whig Legislature are highly en- couraging. My calculation, before the election, was, for the House 34 whigs certain, 25 locos certain, and 15 doubt- ful or closely contested, We have not lost, nor are we likely to lose, any of the members counted upon as cer- tain. Five of the doubtful members have been heard from: the whigs carried three of them and the locos two. A whig mejority in the House is therefore well nigh cer tain. We calculate on 12 Senators as certain. We have four chances for the 13 yet to be heard from. You will doubtless a; with me, that the result is not less triumphant than its influences are important to the whig cause. Best of ail, the battle was fought underthe proud banner of Kentucky’s favorite son. From I.diana we have returns of the vote given in the following counties :— Trott, of Cannon. 1940. 1643, Bigger. Howard. Bigger. Whilcomb. wee 696 - < 1976 = 303 ba 400 a: oe _ 231 - 200 3il = ar ail ey eg aos 598 1776 2083 Showing a net whig loss of 1418 votes since 1840,when Bigger was elected by a majority of 9637. in Jefferson county two whig and one loco foco repre. sentatives are elected—and a Senator of deubtful politics, who ran on his own hook, and ‘“‘professes to be mp In this Congressional District, Henley, loco foco, is elect. ed by a majority of 600 or 700 voles. We have nothing —— from other counties, where. by a ge prior can meade between the relative strength of the past and present Legislatures. Vate’s Grose ann TRransPARENT CELESTIAL Spuxre.—We were yesterday much gratified with an exhibition of the Globe and Transparent Celes- tial Sphere of Mr. Vale, which he made to us and a few friends in our office. His instrument, which is not an expensive one, is alike fit for common schools, institutions, colleges, and family use.— There is nothing like it, nor any thing equally sim- ple in its use, or comprehensive in its effects. It conflicts with no other astronomical instrument, for it is unlike any, and is therefore an aid to all, while in its varied application it is a substitute for all, where the means will only admit of the purchase of one. It combines the celestial and terrestrial globes —the terrestrial in the centre, as it ought to be, and this, the terrestrial globe, being furnished with a traveller, having a moveable horizon extending to the heavens, or celestial sphere, which divides the heavens into the visible and invisible portions, and as by a simple, ingenious mechanical contrivance, the traveller can pass to any part of the earth, the natural aspect of the heavens is thus afforded for every place, and asthe sun’s place is, the ecliptic is always known, and as the planets and moon can be put on the eelestial globe from tables furnished by Mr. Vale, and asthe globes can be set for any hour of the day or night, at once a multitude of plea- sing problems are resolved; and as all the motions of this instrnment are agreeable to those of na- ture, there is obtained by inspection the most agreeable as well as important results. Thus the instrument may be set for New York by merely bringing the traveller over that city, wad turn the transparent ephere to any hour of the day, when can be seen the position of sun, moon, planets and stars, and with a simple instrument accompanying the globes, measure their altitude and bearings, and at the same time observe the different times and points on the horizon on which the sun will rise, and be able to measure the length of every day. By placing the traveller in the Arctic circle, or in the torrid zone, the singular phenomena of such situations will be observed, and the explanation visible. As both the earth and transparent sphere are made to move, the same problems are performed by the mo- tion of either, thus reconciling the apparent motion of the one in nature, with the real motion of the other; and thus affording a visible proof of the truth of the system. As the Transparent Celestial Sphere is formed in sections of one-eighth, they can be detached, and then the iustrument presents the aspect of an armil- Isry sphere, with the valuable additions of a travel- ler and movable horizon, and for want of which, that beautiful instrument, the Armillary Sphere,was almost useJess; and with them the most important problems are performed; for then we have a skele- ton heaven, containing all the principal circles,with the earth in the centre, now furnished with the ap- pendages of a traveller and horizon,and the problem which relate to the sun and earth merely, which are numerous, are performed with great ease and elegance. In this latter form, the instrument becomes a pei- fect and universal sun dial, illustrating the principle of sun dialing, and showing its effects; for, by bring- ing the traveller over any place,as New York, the axis of the instrument becomes the style, casting @ shadow, and the horizon becomes the plane, re- ceiving the shadow; and then if the instrument be placed north and south, the axis of the instrument igadow, the other willdoso too. And this is the The instument is converted into a dy bringing the horizon to the ecliptic in all its cir cumstance ; it then becomes the plane of the eclip- tic, and by capping the earth in the centre witha golden basin, the globe in the centre becomes the sun; a curved wire within the ecliptic, and inge niously attached to it temporarily, represents the orbit of Venus, or Mercury, and where itisattached to the ecliptic, the modes are represented ; in a simi- lar manner wire circle is attached to,but outside the echptic ; and this represents the orbit of Jupiter or other superior (exterior) planete—and thus the phe- nomena of the planetary system are seen, and the planes of their orbids, their nodes, and the incli- nation of their orbids tothe ecliptic, exhibited ina simple, natural manner. Lastly, this instrument recommends itself to high schools and colleges, by its affording facilities to the easy explanation of spherical trigonometry. The triangles are formed on the sphere with as much ease as plain triangles are formed ona plane sur- face ; important problems are thus@performed, and the principles illustrated. We have thus minutely described these instru- menta, because we deem them novel, and exceed- ingly advantageous in the prosecution of the inter esting science to whidh they relate; and further- more, we understand they are exceedingly cheap. Iowa. (Correspondence of the Herald.) Bioommaton, Iowa, July 31, 1843. Towa—Its Importance—Pcpulation—Not yet to be- come a State—Office Seekers—Settlement of a New Country—Climate—Soil— Crops. Dear Heraup :— I read your valuable paper regularly, and then lend it to my neighbors, who are anxious to know “‘what the Herald says,” particularly of the“‘market and money.” Yes, away out here in fowa, this north west corner of the world, the Herald is eager- ly sought ; and where is it not sought for? But we seldom see in the Herald a communication from this far distant country. This country is worthy of notice! and “we the people” are, too. The first claim to notice which I will give, is, that although our first settlement is but ten years old,we have grown with such rapidity that we now aumber,at asafe estimate, 80,000. The settlement of Iowa commenced at Burlington, June 1833. The number of inhabitants in 1888 was 21,- 000, and in 1840, 43,000. No territory has ever had so rapid a settlement, and no country ever offered more inducements. Our climate, soil, mineral pro- ductionsand navigation are the causes of this great attraction. Our inhabitants are the enterprisin; avd intelligent from all the States east of us, an some trom the south. And I would say to yonr readers who ose we are aset of wild heathens and lvwlees “rabble rousers,” that we have come from their midst. and have done just as they would have done had they come and settled here; i. e. we have built good houses, made farms and towns ; have made good wholesome laws; have built court houses, churches and jails; are abiding and church going people, and hence our jails are seldom occupied. There isno Bronce es of lewa becoming a State for some years yet. It is frequently urged by a gang of hungry office seekers who infest this Territory, but their project has twice been vetoed by a large popu- larvote. The sound-headed yeemanry of lowa are not so easily duped. We have seen too much folly of Western legislation not to appreciate the wis- dom of the United States Senate, who have the poperanas of our laws and the disapproval of our folly, when they detect it, as they have occasion- ally in our little banking schemes, etc. My respects to’em for that. Another and still greater reason why we do not become a State, is, that the general Government pays about half our taxes. The Black Hawk purchase contained about 225 townships; the Keokuck purchase, made in 1838, contained about 50 townships ; this is nearly all in the market, and much of the good land bought and under cultivation, The new purchase made last fall is a fine addition to our Territory. It lies on our Western frontier, and is as large or larger than all the rest of the settlement. It embraces all the lands of the Sacs and Foxes this side the Miseouri, and north to the Winnebago and Sioux country. When we get another purchase from those Indians on our north,we shall have the premises for a State, than which none can boast of better. We shall be asecond Ohio! No! we shall be an Iowa! there should be no comparison. The emigration here this year surpasses any other for four or five years. The traveller through these luxuriant prairies is delighted—ave, fascinated with the spontaneous production of flowers, grass and herbage, which every where crowd his path—with the bri bit green of the distant rolling prairie and the richness of the soil. When the hot weather comes,which is commonly not till June,the farmers, from whatever valley or mountain they may have emigrated, are astonished at the rapidity of the growth of their crops. But examine the soil—here is the hidden secret—it is a mixture of fine sand clay and black vegetable mould, to the depth of one, two and sometimes more than three feet. . Jowa is a natural wheat country—but last winter it was mostly killed in the southern parts, while in the north it is good—the farmers have just harvested afine crop. Iowa wheat is a superior quality, and if any of your wheat dealers wish to buy cheap this winter and ship at low freight in the spring, they had better send upthe Upper Mississippi. The same with pork, lard, etc. J have not given you any of our “tough yarns” this time ; I will reserve them for my next. I will write again soon of our mighty river and of our fu- ture greatness, now in embryo. Adieu. Towa. Demerara. ¥ Correspondence of the Quebec Gazette. Extract of a letter dated Demerara, May 12, 1843; —_* * * My tripto the northern parts ot Brazil, and back an mouth of the Amazon and Cayenne, (or, as the French will now have it called, “ Guiane Frangaise”) was very instructive. The backward condition of everything in the ports of Maranham and Para took me quite by surprise. I had no ex- pectation of finding society there 1n such a primi- tive, uncouth, and, I may say, uncivilized state. There is no skilful application of labor; there are no roads, bridges, or even ferries; the only steamer is one that comes once a month from Rio. Beggary and bribery are the characterestics of the officials, a , of the custom heuse officers. The lower classes of the {ree citizens (a mixture of In- dians, Kuropeans, blacks, and crosses of all kinds and degrees, proud as Lucifer and idle as the sloth) are about half naked, and the slaves stark naked. None work but the slaves, and they work with a vengeance; for the treatment they experience is unparalleled by anything that ever occurred in our period of slavery. i v “* Of one thing Ihave convinced myself ; that this Pee of Brazil at least is retrogading. Society has en too severely shaken by political disturbances and massacres, (the perpetrators of which are al- ways allowed to escape, and sometimes rewarded.) for capitalists to remain. Most of the wealthy citi- zens have fled to Portugal,or are betaking themselves to any country where they can gather together the remnants of their property. Land within gun shot of the town is nct worth a tithe of what it is a hun- dred miles up our rivers. “The province of Para includes nearly 100,000 ind the population is only 119,877 and ree persons, it is Out of the 119,877 fr no exaggeration to say that 118,000 go barefoot. The soil yields everything almost taneously, and yet the ‘average annual value of the trade of the whole province does not, at present, exceed from £70,000 to £80,000. Formerly it was worth six times that sum. “The Amazon is navigable, without a single ob- stacle, nearly 1000 leagues from its mouth; yet no steamer has ever ascended it at all, nor any sailing vessel above the Rio Blanco, about 700 miles up. One diminutive steam vessel, of 25 horse power, lay in the river when J was there, without engineers or stokers. It was brought by some United States Americans, who proposed to form a company, and with this inadequate instrument to create a com- merce on the river, and establish a communication with Peru; but there was no money to carry on the company. In 1825 two large steamers were pul- chased at Washington, with the sanction of the Brazillian ambassador there, with a view to estab- lish a commercial intercourse between the United States and the Brazilian territories on the Amazon ; but when they farrived they were not to proceed up the river. The citizens of the United States engaged in the speculation now claim the Brazilian government some £30,000 of dam- ages. How strikingly does the above sketch illustrate the necessity of sound mental culture and in to the temporal happiness of man. Without these humanizing influences, though good wheaten bread could be gathered from s, and roart beef were as plenty as water, still idleness would lead to wretchedness and crime. Our great physical wants are indispensable to the fall development of our in- tellectual and moral nature. They alone render man an industrious, and measurably, a virtuous being. Goldsmith never composed better than when writing for his deily bread. § Mazatlan. {Correspondence of the Herald.) Mazariay, February 9th, 1843. il Suton Mare Bey ‘The Supper. far removed from “ That ), that white faced shore, Whore foot saurne bask the ‘ocean’s roaring tide,” and from the fashionable haunts of her eldest daugh- ter, whose attractions already rival the mother’s proudest day, we are not yet entirely beyond the pale of social enjoyments and fashionable pleasure; we have occasionally /étes which would, in either, attract attention. Last night the United States Consul, Mr. John Parrott, gave a ball'to Commodore Jones and the officers of the Pacific Squadron, which was by all admitted to be the most magnificent ever given on this coast—it was in faet one of the most splendid I had ever attended. The room in which the ball was given, is 90 feet long by 30 wide, and 18 high, and was in all respects admirably adapted to the purpose to which it was appropriated, with one exception—the brick floor, which is almost universalhere. But even that ob- jection was obviated by # covering of Cotencia, over which was spread a splendid ingrained carpet, of the most tasteful figures and brilliant colors. The walls and ceiling were decorated with flags of all the various maritime nations. On the ceiling at the head of the hallthe star spangled banner and Mexican flag were extended from the centre, and fell in festoons on either side; then followed the French and English, the Prussian and Pesan, the Spanish and Danish, the Neapolitan and Swedish, and the Portuguese and Russian, all d yed in similar manner. The upper end of the hall was di- vided into three arches of flags; that in the centre was formed by the American and Mexican, and occupied by the portrait of Washington, (the only portrait in the room,) and two mirrors. The arches on either side were completed with the Colombian and Buenos Ayrean flags, and also occupied with mirrors. These flags were met in either corner by the English and French, also suspended from the ceiling and gathered in festoons. Sixty feet from the head of the hall, a drapery was formed by the flags of Chili, Bolivia and Guatamala, which left an opening of ten feet in the centre. In front of drapery, on either side, ona platform two feet high, the music wasstationed—on the right the band from the frigate United States, and on the lefta very fine band from the orchestra of the ‘Teatro Principal.” The space beyond was priated to refreshments, and was decorated in ing with the dancing hall. At the extreme end, and opposite the en- trance, was displayed the flag of New Grenada,with its appropriate motto, “Libertad y Orden.” Nor were the flags and decorations all of which this apartment could boast. A more liberal supply of all kinds of refreshments never graced the saloons of Saratoga or Washington, or the boasted marts of hospitality and fashion—New York and Boston. A drapery of flags extended all around the hall, falling three feet from the ceiling, and gathered up in festoons at certain distances. The Peruvian fla formed the drapery at the upper end of the hall, with the sun, the emblem of Peru, over the centre arch. In addition to ten splendid mirrors and the portrait of Washington, the walls were also deco- rated with e1x beautiful views of American scenery, by Fisher. ‘The chairs, sofas, and other furniture, were all mahogany. | In each corner were placed appropriate tables, bearing vases of flowers and chandeliers filled with wax candles. The pillars which support the ceiling in the centre, were each decorated with pennants of various nations and surrounded by chandeliers brilliantly illuminated. The dancio; hall one was lighted by more than four hundre: ndles. at atpnt half past 8 o’clock, the ladies began to assemble. The first that attracted my attention were the Senoritas Vegas; they are by many con- sidered the belles of the port, and they certainly never looked more lovely than on the present occa- sion. Rosarita is a true specimen. of Spanish beau- ty ; her soft black eye and bewitching smile, to- gether with an expression peculiarly interesting, made irresistible her slightest look, and drew around her crowds of admirers. But with all her attractions, she has a powerful rival in her younger sister, Rafaelita; though at first the style of the younger is less fascinating than that of her sister, it is more brilliant—with a complexion bright and clear as the fairest of the Saxon race, she posesses the Castilian eye, and an expression that “ Would draw A second hust from heaven, to break heaven’s law.” A stillyounger sister is also in the train, and brings up the rear; Miss Laura isa child in ye but ma- ture in beauty. She follows more the style of the second than that of the eldest sister, but with an expression peculiar to herself, and an eye “ Wild as the Gazelle’s, Now brightly bold or beautifully shy.” This group was followed by the matronesses of the ball, Senora Schober, accompanied by her two beautiful nieces, and Senorita Negrete, who were attended by the masters of ceremony, Gapt. Lopez, of the Governor’s staff, and Lieut. G. W. Robbins, ofthe U.S. Marine Corps, to their appropriate seats at the head of the hall. Senora Duqne, ee of the Governor and Com- mander General of jinaloa, soon after arrived, and was conducted by Mr. Parrott to the seat of honor, at the right of the lady matronesses. i + After the music had played afew appropriate ie Com. Jones was announced. The military bi struck up “* Hail Columbia.” The Commodore was conducted by Mr. Parrott to the head of the hall and presented to the lady matronesses, Mrs. Duque, General Ochroa, Commander and Acting Governor, (General Duque being absent,) and several other officers in attendance. Captains Armstrong, Strib- lng, and Nicolas, together with nearly all the other officers of the United States Squadron, had also ar rived, Though all appeared to contemplate with the utmost delight the glowof beauty, and listened with pleasure to the silver tones of those already pre- sent— “For only in the sunny South, Such sounds are uttered and such charms displayed”— the general attention was turned, on the announce- ment of the Senoritas Valles. These ladies are both very beautiful, and were d in the most exquisite taste. They resemble even more the fair daughters of the Anglo-Saxon race, than either of the ladies before alluded to. Inthe elder you see, « The light, the love, the purity of grace”— 80 peculiar to that style of beauty. But the younger is still more brilliant. “Oh! doth teach the terches to burn bright ; H uty hangs upon the cheek of night, Like arich jewel in an Ethiop’s ear.” But it were vain to attempt a description of allthe beauties present—they were numerous as the leaves of the forest, and various as the flowers of their own sunny clime. It were equally vain to attempt a de- scription of all which now combined to please; and utterly impessible to co@wey any adequate idea of the appearance which the ball-room presented—the gayand brilliant colors of the ladies’ dresses—the variety and testeful arrangements of the decorations, and the numerous and splendid uniforms of the Consuls, and officers of the U. S. navy, and Mexi- can army, (composing full one-half of the gentle- men present, presented) formed altogether a scene which is seldom surpassed. __ It could not escape observation that some of the bold sons of Neptune, who are ever ready “To plack bright henor from the pale-faced moon, Or dive into the bottom of the deep, Where fathom line could never touch the ground,” were ready to surrender at discretion, on the first summons of Cupid's artillery, expecially they, who from some previous acquaintance with the language, were, in addition to the glances of bright eyes, ex- posed to the influence of tongues— ‘As sweet and musical As brtght Apollo's lute, strung with his hair.” Had not the knot of Hymen bound fast the heart and hand of a bold Captain, he might well have been suspected of an infection, which had taken fast hold of some, who “ Dad never think to marry”— . but such a one looked so much like a wife, or a sister, or a daughter, or ‘some one elee, whom it was his duty to love, that he could not, in sooth, withhold his admiration from one so fair. « A_ ball here, so far asthe dancing goes, differs but little from a ball elsewhere, save that the time is ain? and, consequently, the dancing more raceful. ‘y Among those of the gentlemen, who were most conspicuous as good tenet when A. was de- cidedly the favorite. Though very justly ranked among our great men—and one who has “seen eome service,” he was decidedly the most active and graceful dancer present. Nor was his first partner, the fair Donna Famina, less admired. The dancing commenced soon after 9 o’clock, and continued with great spirit till about one At that hour supper was announced. The band struck up “‘Weshington’s March.” Com. Jones ac- companied by Mrs. General Duque, lead to the supper room, and was followed by the rest of the company. Brilliant as were the decorations and arrange- ments of the ball room, and great as was the credit which they reflected upon the good taste of Mr. Parrott and some of his friends who in the arrangements, they were fully equalled by those of the supper room, fitted up by the same gentleman. It too was decorated with flags, the wells orna- mented with pictures and mirrors, and the whole bniliantly illuminated, _ P The table was near eighty feet in length an! co land, to which were added “Luxries trom every clima or. :¢'k (i.e n-? All i R teble, to be oifens Se gee: per endl aed Min (be aamerows com Pliments Theard patd her, hed. cordate: becowwe greatfavorite. If California produces many such flowers, Ido not wonder that the gallant ‘Commo- dore should be reluctant that it should the rey of those whose motto has been “beauty and ooty,” and that the brave army of Gen. Michelto- rena should have torn off 500 pair of breeches IOs the ladies were at he bands hile the la were at supper, t! layed several choice and lively’ site’ Alles the lndtarnc, tired, a second table was set out for the gentlemen, equally sumptuous and abundant. ing the sup- per,several toasts were given and respended to with the greatest good feeling and cordial : Soon after 2} o’clock, the dancing again com- menced and continued with increased spirit until near 5 o’clock. At this time the ladies went home, but many of the gentlemen kept it up until after daylight. About 7 o’clock cote was brought in, after which each went their way, well pleased with each other, and particularly go with their very gen- tlemanly and liberal entertainer. The entertainment, I was informed, cost about 2000 dollars. Yours B. Huntsvilte, Ala. {Correspondence of the Herald.] Hountsvitze, Aug. 80th, 1843. Rural Scenery — City Improvements — Religion — Amusements— the Crops — Railroads — Banking, $c. $e. Gen. Benner :— Sim :— Deeming your journal one of the best vehicles of public instruction either in this country or in Eu- rope, IT am induced to give you a little information of passing events in this portion of our country, as I perceive that you have not been recently favored with a local cerrespondent in this section. I have been sojourning here about ten lays. I have en- joyed myself with ascending to the summit of Mount Sanity, (which is a most glorious summer re- treat) where I found ‘‘a fay in fairy land,” the beau- tiful Miss P———e, daughter of a wealthy planter. The old gentleman has an observatory near to this cottage, which commanda a magnificent view of plantations, indented with rivulets and chequered with waving fields of “golden fruitage.” Almost in the very centre of the city, one of the coolest, sweetest springs I ever saw, gushes forth so copious- ly as to form below and through the suburbaa very large rivulet. ‘They have just completed a new Court Honse, which stands in the centre of the town, within the square. Itis a large gothic edifice. This is the only elegant public edifice they have, except, per- haps, the benk, which is, also, quite an elegant and chaste structure, with Doric columns, built of stone. Religion is here very flourishing. The Baptist, though newly organized, 1s making rapid progressin. constructing a new and grand place for public wor- ip. The goodly citizens have been lately highly en- tertained with elocutionary lectures by Prof “Whit ney, whose elocution is voluble, distinct and ju- dicious. Some of his recitations would do hoaor to the “high and palmy” days of Athenian elo- quence. ¢ eircus has, also, just passed through here. They had very poor houses. Huntsville is near to Mobile, the principal city in the State. The staple article of the farmers here, and indeed throughout the State, iscotton. All the soil of Alabama is well suited forthe growth of the same, and the climate is so genial about Huntsville that it is produced of an exceeding fine quality. For want of accurate statistics 1am unable to state the exact amouat of last year’s harvest. It isa young and blooming State, which in the course of time, and at the farthest in half a century, will be immensely rich, It contains a large, vigorous and productive territory. In the northern part of the State is Tennessee river, which empties into the Ohio 40 miles above the Mississippi In the southern part of the State isa railroad about 75 miles long, from the Alabama river to the line of Georgia, and in the northern part a railroad 45 miles tong, which leads from the Tennessee river towards the centre of the State. As it regards the bank system, the State has lately received a very wholesome les- son, which in the future it will turn to its advantage. It is quite amusing to note the ecvineisianee of the Alabamians; they invaria- ly give the sound of short e, asin there, where, &c., the broad sound of a, as heard in war—but their articulation is more just than we in the norta; in adjectives, terminating in n appiness, they give to the last syllable the 1 te articu- lation, instead of nies, as we say in New York. All shades and colours here, negroes and mulattoes, ar- ticulate the short e, with much care. The public house, ’yclept the Bell Tavern, tre- minds me of one of those inns’ so de- scribed by Boz Dickens, in the State of Illinois. The landlady is a widow, and is in much trouble to rocure herself a husband. She, therefore, neglects er household affairs, to attend to the sacred ritee of pride. She has, aleo, a dau; hter—they are jealous, as the latter attracts, and has a “daily beauty,” which diminiehes the blandishments of the former. The citizens of this delightful, rural town, are ge- nerally sec phage polite, ai th toned. Man of the rural seats are ele; jacent show refinement, education. 3 the grounds ad- vel, observation, and Yours, &c. A TRAVELLER. Weir’s Prctuar —Weir has just finished his pic- ture at West Point, which is intended to fill one of the still vacant niches in the Rotunda of the Capitol at Washington. The historical passage taken for illustration by this picture, is the following :— “And the time being come that they must di 4 they were accompanied with most of their brethren out of the city untoa town called Delft-Haven, where the ship lay sendy to receive them. The next day, the wiud being tair, they went on board, aud their friends with them, where truly dolefu! w: the sight of that ead and mournful parting,‘to he: what sighs and sobs and prayers did sound amongst them, what tears did gush from every eye, and pithy eches pierced each other’s heart, that sundry of the Dutch strangers that stood on the key as specta- tors could not refrain from tears; yet comfortable and sweet it was to see such lively and true expres- sions of dear and unfeigned love. But the tide, which stays for no ‘man, calling them away that were thus loth to depart, theirreverend pastor fall- ing down on his knees, and they all with him, with watery cheeks commended them with most fervent pray rs unto the Lord and jhis blessing ; and then, with mutual embraces and mneay tears, they teas their leave one of another, which proved to be the st leave to many of them. Thus hoisting sail, with a@ prosperous gale of wind, they came in a short time to Southimpton, where they found the bigger ship come from London.” It would be a curions Veer my of thought toa man unfamiliar with the wardrobe of the imagination, 6a) ell known writer, if he would keep this f d simple passage of history in his mind while e looks at the gorgeous investiture in which it is clad by the genius of the aed compare the picture in his mind while he reads it with the pic- ture made of it on this canvass. Iwill not attempt here—indeed I could not attempt without seeing it again—anything like a criticism on this painting— but I may say what I feel while it deepens in my memory, that I have seen no such glorious work of art inthis country, and I haye not been: more filled and Megs oe upon by any of the great chefs d’awvre ot the old masters in Europe. The effect on the mind is that of expanding the capacity to embrace it. Weir has drawn his figures on a scale larger than life, and the immense canvass is filled with groupe of the most exquisite naturalness of posture and relation to each other, but at the same time finished with a breadth and strength of effect that looks done with a hand accustomed to minister only to power without limit. The coloring in the two wi of the picture is exceedingly gor- geous, but tl the kneeling pas- the centre, around tor, is admirably subdued in middle tints, appro- priate to the objects they envelope, and the pas- tor himself, in face, attitude, and costume, is the most masterly embodiment of hallowed piety and devotion which it is possible for poet to con- ceive. The presence on board the vessel of Mr. and Mrs. Winslow (the new-married people of for- tune, who, while travelling for pleasure, fell in with and joined the emigrants for,conscience sake) gives the artist the necessary liberty to enrich the cos- tume of his picture, and there are two or three other female figures very splendidly drawn and colored— among them the wife of Miles Standish, whose sol- dierly form in the for und is one of {the mort con us objects. the twenty-odd ret this grand picture, there ig not one about wh great deal it not be written, even with my tran- siently impressed memory of it, but I reserve it for a more detailed description after another Weir has flung his soul upon this work with th complete abandonment of inspiration, he has wrought out of it, for his country as well as himself, honor me ng le. That it will impoverish the pictures already there, in study, in ardor of concep- tion, in elaborate finish, in variety and splendor, is very certain, But those who are still to produce their pictures for the remaining panels will be stimu- lated to emulate it, and Chapman, who is young enough not to have ceased to improve, will proba- bly replace his comparatively feeble picture by some- thing more in keeping with the grandeur of his com- mission.