The New York Herald Newspaper, February 13, 1843, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. ow York, Monday, February 13, 1943. aR gk Literary Depat. the cheap cash syst TERARY DEPOT of CHEAP LITERATURE, North ‘West corner of Fulton and Nassau streets. Call, see, and buy. State Debts—Prospective Collision with England. i A very important movement was made last week in the House of Representatives, on a question of print- ing the two jate reportson ftate debts, in which the ; Hon. John Q. Adams made a speech, indicating most conclusively that, unless these State debis due to foreigners were provided for in some way, the British government would pretty soon take up the question on national grounds—and either compel the United States Government to provide for these debts, orthe former would consider the refusal a sufficient casus belli. Mr. Adams illustrated this re- markable view by reference to the late war on China—and furthermore, seemed to consider that, under the laws of nations, the British Government would find a sufficient justification for pursuing such a course, even if it resulted in a general war between the two countries. The very curious and original debate on this sub- ject,fmost grpahically reported by our special corres- pondent, was published exclusively in the Herald of yesterday. It is a very singular coincidence on this highly im- portant subjectt that on the same day, without any knowledge of each other’s opinions—separated by a distance of more than two hundred miles, two dis- tinct minds—two independent intellects—the one going off, and the other comingo n,.the great stage of human affairs, promulgated the same opinions— the same ideas—the same views on this momentous subject. We mean John Q. Adams and the New York Herald. Onthat day we published in New York almost the sarse view on the subject of these debts which the “ old man eloquent” spoke in the House of Representatives at Washington. It will be perceived also, by an Ohio correspond- ence in this day’s paper, that a public movement has been made on the same question in the west— and we believe similar movements have been made in other parts of the country. All these indications point forcibly to the conviec- tion that the assumption of State debts by the Gene- ral Government will become one of the issues in the next contest for the Presidency—in combination probably with a national bank—a protective tariff —a new disposition of the public lands, and other minor questions of the day. The State debts alone, must, however, soon become the absorbing question of the day, inconsequence of its combination and complication with our foreign relations, with ultimate peace or war with England, nay, with all Europe. It a foreign government can, under the laws of na- tions, make the United States national government responsible for the debts or delinquences of its citi- zens, there is more reason to belieye that the same principle is much stronger when applied to the State sovereignties of thisconfederacy. England attacks China, because a local government destroyed the property of a few Englishmen—and she is justified by the publie law of Europe, in thus making the de- struction of the property of a subject a casus belli and in compelling that haughty empire to pay for the property lost, and the cost of coliection also. In relation to our State debts, whatever the exact legality of the case might be, the morality, the jus- tice, the public sentiment of the world, would be all on the side of the British Government, and all against the United States. Europe would not enter into the special pleading of lawyers or financiers, or the nice abstractions of State rights—or the popu- larity or unpopularity of the measure—or the impos- sibility of suing a State—or the policy of whigs or locofocos These sovereign States have got the money from British subjects—and the British Go- vernment, as the national sheriff, with the execution in hand, demands the pay. If the pay is not forth- coming, then what next? Will they not seize what they can lay their hands upon? Will they not take what they can get? Willthey not capture, at the proper time, American property on the ecean, sufficient to pay the original debt, and the expenses of the collection too ? ‘We have every reason to believe that this course of action is seriously contemplated by the highest influences of England—and we have equal reason to believe that every European government, particu- larly France and Holland, will unite in the same view of the case—and assist England in executing the remedy in the last resort. The United States Government have heretofore compelled every government of Europe to pay for the property taken unlawfully from American citi- zens under the American flag, during the late war in Europe. The State governments of this Union have taken the property of foreignere—and can they evade the payment, or refuse liquidation, under the plea that in each particular State, there isa majo- nty of the legislature against doing anything on the subject? The Governments of France, England, and Holland, will not recognise any such reasoning —they will plant themselves on the natural justice— the universal morality of the claim ; and they will, one of these days, call upon the national govern- ment to settle the question, or make it a case of repricals or war. In this point of view, we believe the relations of America and Europe are in a very ticklish condition, ull these points of morality and justice are settled; and certainly the edium of the world will be against the United States, till they are settled honestly, and every cent is paid up. Tse Brrrish Consutsuir in New Yorx.—The appointment of Mr. Barclay ae British Consul here, has been formally announced in the London Ga- zette, but his commission has not yet been received by him, and it is supposed that this delay is owing to the intrigues of the abolitionistsin England. That party are, if possible, still more fanatical and extra- vagant than their brethren in this country, and they are evidently opposed to Mr. Barclay’s appointment, on the ground of his possessing slave property in the South. Rumor has, however, in this, as inso many other instances, been mistaken. The facts are simply these:—Mr. Barclay is an English gentleman, but has for many years resided in this country. He married a southern lady of large fortune, a portion of which consisted of cotton estates, all of which, however, is held in trust for the benefit of her chil- dren. Over this property Mr. Barclay has not the slightest control. He has, in fact, nothing whatever to do with it. Bu: such is the foundation of the flimey pretext on which the English abolition party are endeavoring to procure the revocation of Mr. Barclay’s appointment—an apoointment that was honored by the whole community here as exceed ingly appropriate. We do not think, however, that they have any chance of succeeding. With the late Mel- bourne administration, the abolitioniate had some influence, fer the whigs were desirous to con- ciliate them, and obtain their assistance in return. But the present government is composed of alto- gether diflerent materials, and from it the abolition- ists have a very small chance of obtaining encou- ragement or concessions. We can have little ap prehension that an appointment which is highly ju- dicious, and has given general satisfaction, will be set aside for the purpose of gratifying the unfounded prejudices of a fanatical party; and we have no doubt that we will very soon hear of Mr. Barclay’s appointment having been confirmed. News rnom Evrorr.—The ship Liberty arrived yesterday from Liverpeol, with dates to the 3rd ult. The Hottinguer was to sail two days after her. She will bring the overland mail from India, which will give usone monih’s later news. We hourly expect her. Tas New Posr Orrice Law—A new and very @Xtraordinary bill, changing several important fea- tures of the Post Office laws, has just passed the Se- | Rate, and there is every reason to believe that both the ultra parties will uaite and pati a the publications of the day, issued on | House, merely because it is a law calcul 0 ren- pasha — yee at the naire Li; der the administration that has proposed it, execrated ; by all the intellect and intelligence, for ages yet to By this atrocious Jaw, all periodical literature, magazines of Jess than a pound weight, and news- papers of all kinds, are compelled to pass through the mail, under a fine of $150, for each offence—and all private expresses of every kind are entirely prohibi- ted, by asimilar penalty. | The operation of this law will be to destroy the j circulation of all periodical literature, beyond the limits of the city where it may be published. It is, in fact, a tax on literature and knowledge, that wil! destroy the usefulness of half the literary intellect of A more barbarian, Gothic, or ignorant law wag never concocted in the dungeons of the Holy Inquisition, in order the represa the intellec- tual energies of a free and thinking people. In tracing the history of its ongin, too, we are pre- sented with the singular fact, that it is the first and only measure that has emanated from the Tyler administration,that possesses a chance of being pase- edinto alaw. For it seems that Postmaster General Wickliffe held a convention of certain postmasters at Washington, among whom were Col. Graham of this city, Col. Montgomery of Philadelphia, and others of other States. At this Convention, in the interval of visits, dinners,and other doings, this law was cooll ly and calmly concocted—a law that is calculated, not to benefit the Post Office revenue—not to expedite the rapidity of the mails—not to increase the energy and efficiency of the department—but mest eminent- ly ie it formed for the purpose of destroying the pro- gress of American literature—of taxing, to a prohib- itory point, the circulation of knowledge, and of bringing contempt and detestation on the President, under whose auspices it has been brought forward. We cannot conceive what possible motive could induce John Tyler to sanction such an infamous— absurd—inoperative—ridiculous—tyrannical--barba- rian measure, against the progress of literature and knowledge in this country. He seems to be the most unfertunate of men, in the selection of his ad- visers that ever existed. Hitherto his administra- tration has been a series of judicious negatives, ve- tos upon bad laws, till the Exchequer came up, the sole and only child of thirty-six fathers. That poor innocent was killed at the first onset—and now we have a measure of the most fatal tendency to the progress ot literature and intelligence—a measure coming, too, from Mr. Tyler’s chosen confidential advisers, which both the ultra factions in Congress will pass, with the laugh ef the devil in their facee, knowing well, that this very measure will render the Tyler administration more odious to the intel- lect aud intelligence of the country, than any thing they could have concocted themselves. Well, well—God’s will be done—wilful men will have their own way. The Great Tyler Mass Con- vention on the 15th of March, will be a screamer— Newsparer Cuancrs—Bratus axp Deatus.— The revolution, change, mortality and new births in newspapers continue. The “* New York Express” has reduced its price to two cents, and adopted the cash systemthroughout. Good—this is the first leg in the grave. The “ Morning Post,” an out-and-outer Caihoun paper, bas returned at once into the bosom of 11s mamma,the “Evening Post,” a Van Buren or- gan, and Mr. Godwin, its editor, has jssued propo- sals to start a new philosophical organ for the “ de- mocracie,” to be called the “ Pathfinder.” The “Sunday News” has gone to the Tombs, having been run down todeath, by a “ hack jarvy.” So we may say, that, ina week, we have had two and a half deaths, and one-fourth of a birth, in the newspaper line. Who comes next? Copyricut ror Saue.-—Major General James Ar- lington Bennet,of the Mormon Legion, and LL.D. of the Mermon University, author of Bennet’s American System of Practical Book-keeping, and proprietcr of Arlington House, Long Teland, offers for sale the copyright of this celebrated book. The Collins, bookeellers of this city, it appears, have paid him al- ready about fifty thousand dollars, as his share of the profit on twenty editions of the work. We would advise the author to keep the book in his own hands, and remain at Arlington House in the enjoy- ment of the otium cum dignitate. See the adver- FasHionaBLe AMUSEMENTs.—A great number of splendid balls are to be given this week in this On the 14th, two Bachelor’s Balls are given—one at Niblo’s, and the other at Tammany Hall. They will be crowded with youth, beauty and fashion. Madame Ferraro gives a graud ball on Friday The second ball of the Thistle Benevolent Associ- ation, will be given on Friday night, at Tammany Hall. It will be a magnificent affair. The Whigs give agrand ball at the Tivoli Saloon, on Tuesday night. Many private balls and fashionable parties are also to be given, of which we may speak more par- tcularly anon. TueateicaL and Musicai.—Mrs. Sutton has re- turned to the city, and will, in conjunction with De Begnis and other eminent artists, give a series of splendid concerts at Niblo’s Apollo Saloon. These concerts will be by far the most attractive musical entertainments of the kind given in the city thissea- Signor Rapetti gives his last grand concert of vo- cal and instrumental music, at Niblo’s, on Wednes- The Signor will on this occa- sion play two pieces of his own composition, which he has dedicated to the amateurs of this city. Ra- petti is an artist of great and acknowledged merit, and this concert will be really a treat. Meesrs Loder and Joseph Maseett are meeting with great and deserved success in teaching the new style of “singing at sight,” at the Vocal Institute, corner of Grand street and Broadway. Mr. Maseett is a singe1 of great taste and science. Welch still carries all before him at the Park.— The new pantomime has been remarkably success- ful. It is got up in the most magnificient style, and the new scenery is truly superb. Mrs. Howard is one of the best Columbines we have ever seen. A Great variety of entertainments are offered this even- day evening next. Tie Chatham is as usual in the full career of pros- Thorne keeps up a constant succession of A new play, the “ Miser’s Daughter,” dramatised from Ainsworth’s popular novel, is to be produced to-night. Miss Cushman is governing at the Walnut street with characteristic spirit and attractive novelties. Theatre, Philadelphia, Barnum’s company of Indians, at the American Museum, are attracting universal attention. Factory Gieis.—It will be recollected that the girls working in the Middlesex Mills, Lowell, lately “struck ” for wages. They asserted that the own- ers of the mills, the “ Merchant Princes,” had vio- lated their contract. To pay the poor girls for as- serting their rights, these “ Merchant Princes,” in the fulness of their benevolence, have sent the names of those who “struck” to every factory in Lowell, to prevent them from Setting employment, aod earning their bread and butter quence of this is, that the girls are now nearly des- and have been compelled to apply to the ure for relief. Shame upon the owners of New Brunswick.—The parliament of this pro- vince met onthe Ist inst., and elected John W. ‘Lhe speech of the Governor was delivered, and congratulated the province upon its prosperity, &e. &c. Weldon Speaker. Mxpicai.—The Medical Schools in this city ate both well attended this winter. The Crosby street College, and the New School have between them about three hundred and fifty pupils. This is doing @ good business. The movement of Drs. Mott, Pattison, Parker, Kiseam, &c., for the purpose of establishing chemical lectureships at Bellevue, is Still progressing, and we hope that that large Hos- pital will s00n be thrown Open to the profession, and its vast facilities properly appreciated and em- ployed. Drs. Swett, A. C. Post, and Watson, give lec- tures at the City Hospital, but they are poorly attended, because the students are not required to produce evidence of visiting the Hospital. This should be altered at once. It is impossible for young men to acquire their profession properly without long and diligent attendance at Hospitals, where they can see disease and learn its treatment. Great attention has been excited in the medical world, by some remarkable cases of rheumatic and gouty affections, and diseases of the skin, by the use of medicated vapor baths. The medical facul- ty are almost unanimous in the opinion that these bathe are of infinite service in these and many other eases. Mrs. Carroll, of 25 Courtlandt street, in this city, has a remarkably fine establishment of this desenption, which is much patronized by our first physicians. The association of physicians, for the improve- ment of pharmacy and the sale of genuine medi- cines, are meeting with great success. Patients are coming from all parts of the country and placing themselves under the care of the college. Their Principal office is at 97 Nassau street. They con- template, we understand, opening a large private Hospital early in the spring. This is much needed in this city. Dr. Homer Bostwick, Professor of Surgery, ha® also opened an establishment at 75 Chambers street, for the treatment of all sorts of diseases, und the sale of valuable medicines, and 18 succeeding well. Altogether, all these movements of our medical schools and colleges, under the direction of such men as Mott, Revere, Pattison, O'Regan, Parker, and Bostwick, are contributing immensely to the spread of medical science, and the suppression of quackery. Lrrrtz Later rrom Mexico.—We have received by the Eugenia, Captain Biscoe, from Vera Cruz, “El Siglo Diez y Nueve,” published in the city of Mexico, to the 5th ult. We thank Captain B. for them. They contain no news, and for the best of all reasons, they are under a strict censorship We learn, verbally, however, that Campeachy still held out—that Santa Anna continued in the ascen- dancy—that Commodore Jones ‘was ‘looked upon as an extraordinary man—and that the news of the Mexican successes in Texas had not reached the capital. Boarp or Assistant ALDERMEN.—This Board meets thisevening. The Police Reform is made the special order of the meeting. This Board did themselves great honor by the promptness with which they carried through the Meat Market Re- form. Will they imitate their own example in the matter of Police Reform? What is his Honor the Mayor doing on thissubject? When are we to hear from him ? City Intelligence. A Cuaritaste anp Pustic Mgasure.—We have heretofore called the attention of the members of the Common Council to the necessity of construct- ing a publie building at the foet of Sixty First street, from whence the ferry boats to Blackweil’s Island depart and land, and are pleased to be able to an- nounce that the Committees of Finance of both Boards have concluded to take up the subject for consideration and immediate adoption. In the meantime we present the following certificate from anumber of public officers of our city whose du- ties have rendered them fully acquainted with the necessity of the measure :— “ The subject of providing on this side of the river, at the we | to Blackwell's Island, proper means for the se- curity of prisoners, as well as suitable accommodaet ons for the sick and others, who are nnder the necessity of be- ing transported to the Island, being now before the Com- talltes on Charity and Alms House for their consideration we deem it our duty as public officers to urge on the Com: mittee and on the Common Council the necessity of pro- viding such accommodations as well for security ‘and pro- tection, as to prevent the teo open palpable intercourse now existing between the prisoners on the Island and their associates in the city, which at present, baffles the best efforts of the Keepers, and of the Police. GEORGE W. MATSELL, Police Mi rates. ¥. A. TALLMADGE, Recorder of the City of New York. B. W. OSBORN, Clerk of Police Court. JOHN MYE! Superintendent of Alms House. ALEXANDER F. VACHE, Resident Physician, JOHN McCLELLAND, Assistant Physician at Lunatic Asylum. JOHN W. BROWN, Keeper of Blackwell’s Island. HENRY VANDERVOORT, Clerk of Sessions, &c.” Arrest or Warrovs.—The piece of scrip found in the pocket of Mr. G. Watrous, who was arrested on Friday evening as an associate in the false pre- tence practices of De Merritt, Scoble, Nelson &z Co, was of the fraudulent institution of which he was president, and not of the “ American Exch. Bank,” as previously published. The latter institution stands every way responsible, so fur as we have any knowledge. Common Covunci.—hoth boards of Aldermen meet this afternoon at five o’clock. Drorrzp Deap.—The man who fell upon the side walk on Saturday afternoon, in Barrow street. and died immediately afterwards, was name: Thomas Cornelius, and not Thomas Dean. At a Goop Otp Aes.—The coroner held an in- quest yesterdvy on the body of Mrs. Margaret Qui- non, of No. 1404 Walker street, who died suddenly, at the advanced age ot 86 years. Pottcr.—Officer Fallon arrested a counterfeiter named Jeremiah McDonald on Saturday evening. He stands charged with passing two $5 counterfeit notes of Tolland County Bank, in July last, to his poor washerwoman, for cervices rendered by her. On being discovered, he made a bolt for escape, but found that Malachi, his pursuer, was too smart for him. The night patrol of city marshals is working won- ders in preventing midnight burglaries. Let it be increased. Sreamers.—Two are now running ‘over the At- lantic—the Acadia and Great Western. The former will be here in about a week, and the latter on the 4th proximo. Axnrivep.—All the back mails came in yesterday. No news by any of them. Boston News.—Adams & Co. ca:ne in ahead of the mail, as vsual,yesterday. They gave us papers. Mitp.—The weather yesterday. Snow nearly disappeared. Tuat Storm —The storm of Sunday, the 65th instant, was a tremendous affair. It extended over a large piece of territory. For instance :— (From Portland, Me., Argus, Feb. 6. We hada heavy fall of snow last night, and it continues to fall very freely. The wind blowing fresh, has drifted it considerably. More snow has fallen since five o’cleck last evening, than hasfallen at any one time for yeare before. It is drifted in some exposed places to the depth of six feet. (From Cleveland, Ohio, Herald, Feb. 6.) The weather yesterday and last night would have done no discredit to winter on the Green Mountains. Considerable snow sifted trom the clouds and the furious winds forced it into every crack and cranny, beside piling it in remy mi drifts wherever Boreas found it convenient to doso. The quantity of snow was sufficient to make capital sleighing, had it been suitably distributed. So severe a storm has not vi- sitedgus before for some winters. — . The storm is raging and considerable snow fall- ing this afternoon Varor Batns.—Mrs. Carrol, at 25 Courtlandt street, has just improved her famous Medicated Va- por Baths, and is now ready to receive visitors, pre- paring to enjoy the spring. These baths, taken 10 time, are the best preventatives of all the diseases incident to humanity, BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL. Washington, {Correspondence of the Herald.| ‘Wasntneton, Saturday aight, Feb. 11, 1843. Reduction of Officers in the New York Cus= tom House, dc. The Senare did not sit to-day. The House was occupied in this way : After the presentation of a few memorials recom- mending Congress to adopt Cost Johnson’s plan, the following were presented from New York city :— Mr. McKeon presented the resolution of the Chamber of Commerce of the city of New York, re-afhirming their opinion in favor of a warehouse system, and requesting their representatives in Con- gress tourge the adoption of a measure so important to our commercial interests. ’ Mr. McKxon also presented a resolution from the Chamber of Commerce, in favor of a continuation of the coastsurvey, and that publication, so far as practicable, should be made as fast as any part of the work is completed. a Mr. McKeon also presented a petition of the Ma- rine Insurance Companies of New York, praying for an appropriation for the erection of a Beacon on the West Bank, near Sandy Hook. 4 The House then took up the bill relating to frauds in the pre-emption land titles. A section in this bill was introduced to abolish the office now held by Mr. Roserr Tyver, as Secretary to si tents for the public Lands sold, and saying that the Register of the Land office shall hereafter perform the duties. So Mr. Robert Tyler’s office and salary is hereby abolished. ‘This is a sma!] potatoe movement,mean and paltry in the extreme, and only worthy of a small and mean mind. Mr. Garrett Davis, (Mr. Clay’s file leader) then made an attack on the New York Custom House. He moved that the House take up the Bill to cut down the number of persons and salaries in the New York Custom House. He: introduced the fol- lowing data on which to establish his bill:— New Yorx Custom House. Persons Amount of Amount of Employed. Salaries. Revenue In 1827 164 $112,970 $13,272,528 54 1826 — = 111582)547 22 1841 50% $499,523 10 932117 98 1840 wih Sao = 7,623,099 66 By G. Davia’sNewBill, 340 $376,450 about $10,000,000 00 Here is the celebrated bill: — Be it enacted es the Senate and House of Representa. tives of the United States of America in Congress assem- bled, That the Secretary of the Trearury, be, and he is hereby, directed and required, on or before the fitst day of May next, so to reduee and arrange the number of per- sons in the empl >yment of the United States at the port aforesaid, and theirannual pay and salaries, that their number shall not exceed three hundred and forty, and the aggregate pay, salaries, and compensation, of every de- scription, shail not exceed the aggregate sum of three nee and twenty-six thousand four hundred and fifty dollars. Sec 2. And be it further enacted, That no greater num- ber of peraons than are authorized by the first section of this act, nor any larger sum in the aggregate for their pay, salary, or other compensation, than is therin allowed, shall hereafter be permitted for the said port of New York. Sec. 3. And be it turther enacted, That it 8] be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to report, in detail, to Congress, at its next session, the mode and manner in which he shall have performed his duties under this act. This Bill was read a third time and passed!’ It was rushed right through. Ro The question then bame up on printing 10,000 ex- tra cepies of the reports of the majority and mino- rity of the Ways and Means Committee adverse to Cost Johnson’s plan of issuing $200,000,000 of Go- vernment stock. ‘i On this, Mr. Gwinn, of Miss., had the floor. He continued in reply to Mr. Adams. He said :— Yesterday, Mr. Speaker, when the morning hour expireu, I was proceeding to state the grounds taken by the State of Mississippi in regard to these bonds. As my colleague, in a letter published in 1841, and extensively circulated, has given a clear and concise history of these bonds, running back from their issuance to the article in the Constitution which prohibits the creation of State obligations, I will ask the clerk to read an extract from that letter, which have marked. [Extract read by Clerk.] Sir, this is'the basis upon which the State has founde: its action on this question. Neither party in Mis- sissippi is in favor ef laying a tax to pay these bonds. One was for assuming the debt, but refuse to la tax to pay it. Their motto was that of the gambler, ** Settle far if you never pay.” The other party re- fuse to lay a tax to pay these bonds because they be- lieved there was no constitutional or legal obliga- tion on the State to pay them. Notadollar was ever received by the State of the proceeds of these bonds. The agents who sold them were appointed by the Bank under authority derived from the un- constitutional supplement. The money did not go to the State Treasury—was received by no State officer—there is no evidence among the archives of the State of the existence of these bonds or the stock of the State in the Bank. No obstruction had been thrown in the way of the bondholders 40 prevent their seizing the assets of the bank. I differ with Gov. McNutt as to the value of these assets. Jf they are well managed, as I have no doubt they will be, by the present assignees, who are honest business men, I believe there will bea large rh te be applied to the payment of the bonds. There is also 10} millions of property mortgaged by the stockholders which seme of the ablest legal men in Mississippi contend is liable for the payment of their bonds. I am no lawyer, and have no opinion on the subject; but the one I have given is sus'ained by gentlemen of legal attainments equal to. au in the country. No obsta- cle has been thrown in the way of the bond holders to proceed to foreclose their mortgages. The State and United States Courts were open to them. If this mortgaged property was held liable to pay these bonds, comprising as it did some of the finest es- tates in Mississippi, and equal in fertility to any in the world, these, with the assets proper, would amount to from 15’to 20 millions of doHars, which would more than pay the prineipal and interest ot the bonds; and, Sir, I believe these bonds are more likely to be paid than those of the States who have been passing resolutions against repudiation. Sir, I alluded yesterday to the course said to have been pursued by the gentleman trom Massachusetts, dnring the negotiations at Ghent in regard to the navigation of the Miesiseippi river. I have no cenfi- dence in the apprehensions of the gentleman as to the danger of an attack upon usin that quarter iby itish steamers. Blue lights were held out during the last war directing our enemies to our weakest points of defence. The gentleman from Massachu- setts may be called the finger post directing Great Britain, to what he supposes our weakest point of defence now in the event of a war. Hehasdeclared that in the event of war or insurrection in the slave States, if the United States were called on for pro- tection or defence, that our slaves will be treed. His great object now seems to be, to bring about the emancipation of our slaves, even if success would bring with it universal slaughter and bloodshed. (ihe Speaker called to order. Mr. Adams wished the gentleman te proceed.) Iam coming to the questton, sir. The gentleman from Massachusetts can have no more effectual aid in carrying out his schemes of emancipation, than in the event of a war with Great Britain, to direct her attention to the point of attack in the slave States, indicated by him yesterday. Let that nation send her war steamers jato the centre ot the slave States, declare martial law, encourage insurrection; let the States thus assailed call on the General Government for assis tance to quell these insurrections, and according to the doctrines of the gentleman from Massachusetts, our slaves would be free, and his object would be ac- complished. I do not charge that he intends or wishes this, but his course on this question is more likely to bring ona war, if we do not assume these State debts,than any that has been taken before, here or elsewhere. A member of this House, who has held the exalted station of President of the United States, asserts thut the State debts must be assumed or England will have cause for declaring war The British government will not be slow in taking up and carrying out this doctrine. The gen'leman has called the defence of Mississippi against the assump- tion of this debt “ metaphysical.” Foreigners have said they cannot comprehend the distinction be- tween the State and Federal conatititions. Here is authority in future for them on this side of the wa- ter The gentleman entertains great horror of State repudiation of unacknowledged debts, yet he is the advocate and voted for the bankrupt law which es- tablished the most wholesale system of repudiation of honest, bona, fide undisputed debts ever known in this or any other country. According co the gen- deman’s t! hee by is disgracctul for a State to retuse to assume a debt she declares was created in viola- tion of her constitution, and forwhich she received nothing—yet itis perfectly fair and honorable for the citizens of that State, one or all, to repudiate all of the honest bona fide debts, under the bankrupt taw—debts contracted in accordance with constitu- tien and law, and for which full value was received. I will make a practical application of the gentle- man’s Le aad of an honorable repudiation of unac- knowledged State debts, and honorable repudiation of acknowledged private debts. During the glorious era of paper money, from 1885 to 1840, commercial houses in Europe established agencies in this coun- try to advance money to the planters to secure ship- ments of cotton to their houses. Competition sprung up in this line of business, as in most others, and the agents advanced much more than the feotton was werth, which on settlement left the planters greatly in debt. These balances falling in part in the hands of the Barings, are sent over for collection, but the planters are now about to go into court under the bankrupt law, and pay. off the debt at one cent to the dollar. This is all right and fair, and perfectly honorable. But these same Barings have some bonda isaued in the name of the State of Miesistippi, for which she received nothing, and she is dishonored because she does not nssume them according to the doctrine of the gentleman from Massachusetis, 1 have # stronger case than this— this great Union Bank itself became a cotton broker and advanced fifteen cents per pound to the planters SEmSY cme ae PROPOSAL FOR PUBLISAING A NSW wary Paper, to be called, THE PATAFINDER. 4 ane heaet —— to publish on Saturday, thé 26th «Fa ‘ebrus an dent weekly Paper, which willbe named The Pathfinder, It will be made of the ex- act size and form of the London Examiner, or what read- ers in this country will better understand, on the model of the Piaindealer, of the late William Leggett. Sumit wi onsets sixteen pages,of three colum! h, V0; or forty eight columns of readii ee This willbe “vided an fellows oo "eesine mater i. all + The Political Pathfinder will _e pointed#liscussions of current political sng. cies tions. In politica, it will sustain what are known as Sltra democratic views, but will give a hearing to all sides, and especially to those who may be in possession of any new truth. The main object of the editor, will be to make a journal that shall be perfectly open to the discussion of all interesting topics. He pledges himself to no man, to no arty, to no established systemof thought, but will fear. lessly express, on all occasions, whatever opinions seem to him true and important. Freedom and progress is the motto under which he begins his enterprise. Il. The.Literary Pathfinder will comprise high.toned and caretully prepared criticisms of new publications, choice extracts and anecdotes from new books and maga. zines, short tales, and a faithful register of the latest liter. ary intelligence, foreign anddomestic. This department will be placed in the hands of a gentleman of fine literary sccompl lishments and taste. II, The Commercial Pathfinder will contain a weekly review of the stock market, prices current at New York, rates of exchange, bank note domestic and foreign produce markets, bankruptcies, and other intelligence of interest to men of business, ‘The Pathfinder will also contain full accounts of the news.of the week, foreign news, the proceedings of Con gress and State legislatures, important decisions in the Courts, strange and interesting occurrences, accidents &c., making @ complete chronicle of passing events, and at the same time a valuable repository of political, social, and literary di Boing printed in such a form that it may be bound, atthe end of the year, it willcom. bine the advantages of both newspaper and magazine. The plan of the publication interferes with nu existing publication, Postmasters and agents will see by the terms annexed, that it will be to their interest to procure subscribers. Letters must be,addressed to the subscriber at No. 25 Pine street. jor their cotton, and shipped it to Baring and Bro- thers, who advanced to the bank about half that sum, yet the cotton sold for less than the amount advanced to the bank by the Barings, and the ba- lance is unpaid, the bank insolvent, and has assign- ed its assets without providing for-this debt; yetno one complains of dishonesty or dishonor in this transaction, while the same Barings have advanced the Bank of the United States money on hypothecat- ed, pretended Missi pp bonds, and complain that the State is dishonored because she will not ass.ime the payment of these bonds, for which she received nothing, no more than she did of the advances upon the cotton shipped by the Union Bank. The govern- ment fof Great Britain has repudiated forks exche- quer bills that had passed into the hands of innocent holders; has repudiated a portion of her national d- bt by taxing the income of the holders of the bonds ; wagon loads of continental money, issued during the revelutionary war, the uge of which enabled our foretathers to achieve our independence ; countless obligations of the States issued for produce received during the whole period, have been repudiated with- out a stain upon the national escutcheon. Yet be- cause erties Y refuses to recognize an unconsti- tutional debt, for which she has received nothing, she is to be accused of tarnishing that escutcheon. Nations all over the civilized world have repudiated bona debts, without the charge of. dishonor, while we are to be singled out as being disgraced beeause we will not paya debt not our own, in con- tracting which, we did not reeive value to the amount of a redcent. Ilook upon this pretended horrer of Mississippi repudiation as hypocritical as it is insulting. The fund mongers and advocates of the banking, bonding and paper money systems in this country and Europe, and their agents here, are bellowing against repudiation, to draw public at- tention from their own infamous schemes of swind- ling. We have been taunted by these men who live on the labor of others through the machineay ot the banking fad neper money system until the Ro- bespiere of the Harrison administration (Mr. Gran- ger), who was as fond ot cutting off heads political: ly as that monster was in realiiy, has ventured to lecture my colleague for proposing to bring down the expenses of the government to its current revenue. The gentleman from New York, (Mr. Granger), in his peculiar manner, which he always assumes when he purposes to say something witty or severe, reminded my colleague that it was unecessary for him to advocate retrench- ment, as our debtscould be repudiated under the new doctrine, if they become troublesome. He thought he had touched my colleague on ¢ tender point, but, like the blind rattlesnake in August, he struck his fangs into his own politically Sanat body; forno man in this House is a more zealous advocate of the repudiation of honest, bona fide debts, under the bankrup t law, than he is, for we must all recollect his valedictory when this House was about repeal- ing that law. Yet he had the audacity, in the face ofthe House, to sneer at repudiation. It was like the devil reproving sin, or a prostitute lecturing on virtue and morality. 1 will submit to this mode of attack upon my State nolonger. If gentlemen will travel out of the regular order of debate to attack us, they must expect to be met with a spirit becom- ing the representatives of a people whom the scoi- fings of the corrupt, nor the frowns of power, can- not tear from their purpose in defending their con- stitution and laws from violation. The gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Adams) points to the fate of China,and warns us to avoid a similar one by get- ting into a war withGreat Britain. J recollect he ina public addressput England in the right and China in the wrong in that war,as he intends to do if we have war because we willnot assume the Stute debs. He appears to be on the British side in argument if he is not infeeling. I do not desire war with Great Bri- tain or any other nation, but the dread of it shall not force me to advocate the seeironsion of State debts, in violation of the constitution of my country My constituents prefer war if the other alternative is as- sumption. We have a deeper interest in peace and commercial intercourse with Great Britain than any State in the Union, as we export more to that coun- try than any other State, yet we will forego all of these advantages of peace, rather than eanction an invasion of our fundamental law. I despise the knuckling spirit that is manifesting itself in this country to the power of GreatBritain. We can ex- pect nv permanent peace by acting thus. I would prefer, in the language of the gentleman from Vir. ginia, (Mr. Wise,) to slap John Bull in the face, to quailing before his power. We will gain his respect the more permanently by this course. The gentle- man trom Massachussets has great fears of the English Paixhan guns, and supposes*many cases to bring them to the bombardment ot Natchez. I will auswer him by supposing that subjects of Great Bri- tain callon their government to defend them against the operations of the expost facto bankrupt law which has defrauded them out of immense amounts of their debts in this country, bona fide debts, for which full yaluehad been received before the passage of the law. That government through its minister here asks for redress. Our Presidentand Secretary of State return noanswer. The potent argument of the Paixhan gun is brought to bear with a fleet of war steamers upon the city of Boston, demanding the British debts repudiated there under the operation of the Bank- rupt Law. What is to be done? Why, according to the reasoning of the gentleman from Massachu- setts, the horrors of war must be avoided, and this government must assume these debts and get clear ofthe Paixhan guns. I have no such fears of war or Paixhan guns as to induce me to sanction a vi olation of the Constitution to avoid the one or get clear of the other. On the subject of assumption, f may have something to say hereafter. My only object in addressing the House now has been to de- fend my State from the unjust imputations that have been cast upon it. ; Mr. Granarr, of N. Y. made a few remarks in reply, stating that the State of Mississippi had re- ceived the whole of the jooney, on the bonds, $5,- ripest and $180,000, and was bound in honor to pay the debt. The morning hour had expired, and the rest of the day was consumed in a ridiculous discussion about paying the people of Florida some claims for losses sustained by the U. S. army in 1814. The claim was reyected, 113 to 36, and the House sinh a = Tens To AGents ann oTHens. Single copies, per annum, Two copi Three copi Six copies,. +12 00 Argus and Atlas, Albany ; Boston Post ; Cincinnati En- quirer, copy three times and send bill to the subscriber, No, 26 Pine street, New York. PARKE GODWIN. Editors of country newspapers copying this prospectus with a reference, willbe entittedto an exchange.» 3 0G FIGHT THB GOOD FIGHT.—Our friends, Pease & Son, 45 Division street, wage incessant warfare against the whole tribe of pulmonary complaints. Legions of coughsand colds have been put to flight this winter b the use of Pease’s Horehound Candy and they have still enough ammunition on hand to put to flight legions more. Our own particular cold (and we had a obstinate one) stood out manfully against the first package, but the second did the business. Go, ye afflicted to 45 Division st. and get relief. &@ REGARD YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH.—We would draw the attention of the Public to the following inference : If the famous Hunter’s Ked Drop—now known so far and wide as the only thorough and permanent cure for one -—was not all it pretends to be, would men who pret have received a medical education and have actually made a livine, by pretending to cure this class of disease, for some years past—we ask, would such men pretend to know any thing of its properties, much less acknowledge they use it in their practice? ‘Every candid man must admit they would not. An instance of this kind occurred in an advertisement in the New York Herald of February 11th, by a man located somewhere in Ann st. ‘The fact is, these men, finding their occupation reced- ing and with their utmost exertions failing in effecting ‘a thorough, permanent, and harmless” cure, endeavor, b: counterfeiting this truly great medieine, to reap some vantage, and at the same time destroy the just popularity of this medicine. Itcan be obtained genuine “only” at the Hunterian Dispensary, No. 3 Division street, establish- cd near ten years, by the present proprietor. Al persons, in any of the cities throughout the United States, wishing to know who are the true agents for this medicine, can, by ebtaining the New York Sun or Herild, ascertain the fact. Price $1 per vial, which is warranted in every case. Country physici: ‘an purchase at $8 per dozen ; acom. prehensive treatise accompanies every QG- GRAND MILITARY BALL.—A meeting of the Committe? 8p inted to superintend the arrangements of the Grand Military Invitation Ball, to be given at the Tivoli Saloon, on the 22d inst. in honor of the Anniversa- ry of Wishington’s Biith Day, met at the Atlantic Gar den, Broadway, on Friday evening last, Col. Peers in the cho r, and unanimously resolved that a meeting of the officers of uniform corps generally should be called ; the said meeting to take place on Monday evening, the 13th instant, at the Howard House, corner of Broadway, and pone streets, the chair to be taken at $ o’clock pre- cisely. The object of this meeting is to make arrangements for the distribution of the Ball Tickets. Wetrust our milita- ry friends will be present, aud aid in rendering the affair one of a splendid charact 0G- A HIGHLY RESPECTABLE MINISTER OF his city lately gave a few of Sherman’s Cough Lozenges a lerrd of his, who had been given up by her ns and friends as in the last stage of consumption. Lozenge gave considerable relicf, so that she was encouraged to persevere in their use—and, through the blessing of Heaven,restored her to health, With such recommendations as these, whocan doubt their efficacy 7 The Doctor has also Lozenges for Worms Dyspepsia, Sick its, &c. His Cat! e extant for bi persede the bitter pills commonly used for that purpose. Dr. Sherman’s warehouse is at 106 Nassau street. Agents, 110, 273 and 469 Broadway, 10 Astor House, 86 William street, 227 Hudson street, 188 Bowery, 77 East- ave Fulton street, Brooklyn, and 3 Ledger Sunday, Feb, 12—6 P. M. The first annual election of officers at the new board takes place to-morrow, Monday, at 9} o’clock, A. M. The board will probably be organised as heretofore. After the election they will proceed to business at the usual hour. It is expected that as the association is a new one, and is now been in operation some time the President elect will make an address in relation to the operation and prospects of the concern, and how far it has hitherto answered the expectations of the projectors. The attendance jwill pro bably be large. The Engenia, from Vera Cruz, brings $25,000 in specie. At Mobile, on the 2d instant, specie had risen to40 per cent premium. The generalstate of money affairs is much more pro- mising. Where capitalists are convinced of the stability vf an investment, they come promptly forward, as in the caseof the Massachusetts stock taken by Mr. Astor on Friday at 86 40 100, and of the remainder of the United States loan, which was taken up as soon as the votes in Congress killed the Exchequer plan, and the project for issuing “ assignats” on the public lands. All the distrust now apparent in State stocks, has grown out of legisla- tive action. “Stay” and “relief Jaws,” on the part of the States, and “assumption” and issues ot paper money on the part of the federal government, were all species of re- pudiation, which by infringing the right of property, strike at the root of the whole structure of society, and makes every man tremble for his accumulations in the hands of others. While itis proposed in Congress to re- lieve certain States, by compelling the citizens of other States'to pay partof their debts to those States attempted to be so relieved, are passing stay and valuation laws, which not only deprive the creditors of individuals of their claims, but prevent) the States from col- lecting their own taxes. The only manner in which States and the people can be relieved, and credit restored, is to enforce the right of property in all cases ; and instead of depriving the creditor of his rights, to give him every facility to reslize his claims. As it is,money can no longer be loaned with safety, ant is slowly finding employment. in actual purchases. The Banks are now the greatest buyers of bills for the import of specie, which yields them a profit. That specie, with the opening spring will find employment in circulation, and relieve the markets of their glut of produce, and raise the money prices by cheaping the currency in its relative value to: products: The advocates of banking seem determined, however, that there shall be no prosperity without Banks, because without those instruments of corruption, those only can obtain wealth who earn it. It has been stated, that “ the most important function of banks is, that they are the medium through which all mercantile operations of the country aretransacted.” ‘The Courier of Saturday, states LATEST SOUTHERN SHIP NEWS. _ Norroux, Feb 9—Arr Colambia, Cade, NYork. Sid Trio, . TI line, (Sw) Volkmann, from N and proceeded ap James River- jichmond for N York. 4 ‘ hampton, (Be) Flint, Betsey, Gorham, emaquid, Bailey, Havana; Unele Sam, Atwood, Deme: St Domingo; Lucy Blake, Hosmer, Charleston. ‘on, Feb S—Arr Gardiner, Bradstreet, Bath, Me; George, Hat), NYork. Arr ath, Woodstock, (Br) Taber, Liv- erpool. Sid Ilzaide, Th a. AVANNAH, Feb §—Arr Concord, Lord, Bottom; Plutus, Ro- Wil tauzns. Cld Nocthamber pool; Eunomus, Crosbv, NYork; Ame- lia Muthoiland, ‘Millington, do; China, Small, Boston. Sid New Hanover, Philadelrhia, . Feb 2—Arr Tennessee, Wise, Boston; Ken- ‘Alziers. Below, coming up, ships Lamport, ‘Adrian, a Swedish brig, everal other "9 ec vessels, names not known. ‘Cid Tyrone, Spear, ifarees Emily, Crane, N York; Monmouth, Patten, Liverpool: Br) Leman, do; Caspian, Bartlett, Glasg. Nive Branch, Watts, Baltimore: Frances, Soule, Philadelphia; Mars Hill, Gray, NYork; NF Frothingham, Dennett, St thoi land, (Br) Jo Spoken. raAgtracan, from New Orleans for Hull, Jan 29th, lat 92 N, lon Levant, no date, off Hole in the Wall. Georg nd Ransom, no date, off D H Shot Keys. OG Tue Inpians on Honsenacx.—The famous War Chiefs {rom the Fas West, the Sacs, Foxes and Towas, have consented to remain all this week at the Ame rican Museum to see and be seen. They ride through our principal streets this morning at 11 o’clock, on horse- back, and with their picturesque costume, will form a no vel and curious eavalcade. Though mest of these Chiefs are now for the first time in civilized community, and do not speak our language, their dignity, kindmess and intel- ligence, make them the admiration of every visitor. They will not appear in their war dances except at 2 o'clock and half past 7. The greatest difficulty is in getting seats —the only certainty being in going early and taking the first chance. QG@- Lundi Prochain il’y oura a [’ Amphitheatre ou Bowery.—@rand Spectacle en Francais, Anglais, Allemand, Espagnol ct Indian, prix des loges, 25 cents. To-night there will be a grand entertainment at the Amphitheatre, Bowery. The German Band, and all the principal vocalists of the musical department of the tem- perance societies, with a number of celebrated German and French performers, will appear for the benefit of the La Fayette Association. og THE USR|OF MERCURY—ITS ABUSE.—The day is past when Doctors could dose their patients with calomel for every slight disorder, and bleed them to faint. ing. Like the “ New Dispensation,” we look for better “Near the commencement of the year 1840, which year we only take, because the official return of it lies near us; any other willconvey the same idea—that document civesthe loans and discounts of all the Banks in the Uni- ted States at $474,000,000, which, supposing them to have fixty days to rug,'¢ives an annual amount of loons ant discounts of no less than $2,844,000,000. the last census of the United States, the amount of capital invested in the United States in various branches of industry is about $600,000,000. Now, there are few men whose debts and credits in the course of the year donot exceed four or five times the amount of their capital, and these all pass through the hands of the Banks.” ‘The United States Bank was considered a commercial institution par excellence. It was the great regulator, without which, its debtors considered the world would cometoanend. When that concern stopped, its dis- counts wore $20,349,079 out of $68,000,000 of assets. The rest were all investments in real estate, stocks, &. Now, according to the Courier, the mercantile facilities should have been $11,800,000 per annum, This is the theory. What are the facts? The investigoting committee stated, that of the $20,000,000, $9,000,000 were active, and $11,000,000 suspended. On the condition of these accounts, the committee remark :—"In regard to these two lines, therefore, the committee will content thomselves with’re. marking, that buta small proportion consists of regula nercantile Here, t iy Bristov’e Sorsaparilla, composed of purely vegetable ex- tracts, is fast gaining’a reputation in the medical world, unequalled in modern times. All opposition is only tend. ing tostrengthen the public stronger, if possible, in its favor; it has passed to a standard medicine in all cases of scrofula, rheumatism, dyspepsia, or lossof ppetite, all diseases having their rise in an impure state of the blood. For females there is nothing’so mild, pleasant and effec. tual; it is to them an invaluable remedy where they may ted with diseases incident and ‘peculiar to them- lone. This is not one of thequack medicines of lay, got ipto make money from; it isthe fruit of many years labor and experience, prepared with @ thorough knowledge of the arcana of nature; for it is com: posed entirely of vegetable extracts, which act specifically on various diseases. Sold, wholesale and retail, by Wm. Bu lande street, and at retail by Rushton & Broadway; Aspinwall, &8 William street; Syme, 63 Bowery; Trippe, 167 Division street; J. Syme, 90 Fulton, a ‘ater street; 211 Fulton street, and Druggists gene- rally. OG- SUBSCRIBERS OF THE HERALD—We call your attention to an advertisement in another column, commencing with a “Beautiful Head of Hair.” The arti cle spoken of is pretty well known—'t is'*Jone’s Hair Re- storative.” It really is most excellent. In fact all itis repre sented, as many ean testify who have used it. Itis sold very reasonable. You can bny it of JONES, at the sign ofthe American Eagle, $2 Chatham street. You need but use it once to like it—it is only 3 shillings for a vial. 50 Court: Milhaw’s, 189 counts.” y , out of assets of $68,000,000, which, accord,