The New York Herald Newspaper, January 17, 1843, Page 2

WW YORK HERALD. York, Tuesday, January 17, 1843, The Courier and Enquirer re-opened its fire yes- terday upon the Somers case, with more modera- tion and a greater show of argument than it beg ts campaign when the first news of the mutiny and execution reached the public ear. The position of the Courier is now somewhat open and frank—not by any means so vulgar, perso. naleand abusive as formerly.. ‘This is a great 1m- provement, and may be attributed to our teachings. This journal sets itself up, not alone, as the defen- der of Commander McKenzie, for the manner in which he treated the mutiny and hung up the per- sens implicated—but he seems to think that no other person should have a different opinion, and that the goverament is bound to honor and advance the captain and his associates for their boldness and rigor in executing those persons, illegally, as they admit As the views and ‘reasonings’ of the Courier are probably the best defence that can be made by Cap- tain MeKeazie, we'shall give the material points, as follows :— : [Frem the Courier and Enqnirer.} - The execution of Acting Midshipman Spencer, and his associates; Cromwell and Small, is avowedly without the sanctionfor color of Law; first, because there was not the necessary number of Commission Officers on board to con- stitute aCourt Martial ; and secondly, even if there had Deyn the necessary material for such a Court, the Com- mander wes not vested with legal authority to convene it. It follows, therefore, that his conduct isto be just.fied.if at all, by the necessity of the measure ; and of this necessity, he was the sole judge. It he clearly demonstates to the satisfaction of the Government, that in his opinion such necessity did exist, there ends his official responsibility. The next question which arises, is, whether he can satis- fy the public at large, that he judged wisely, rationally, and with all the deliberation of a cool and dispassionate Commander, ofthat necessity? This question, however, in no way affects his individual responsibility for the exe cution of the mutineers, bat is of vital importance to his reputation as an officer; and upon the decision of it, pends the equally important one, whether his conduct has heen such as to entitle him to the confidence of his fellow- citizens and further advance in his profession. * * * Bat to return to the first great question. Did Com- mander McKenzie really and conscientiously believe that the execution of the mutineers w bsolutely necessary to enable him to bring his vessel into port? * * * * * The next and only remaining question to be considered by the Government and the public, is—Did he arrive ot this conclusion from a sound, deliberate and correct judgment of the facts, appearances, and circumstances, as at the time they presented themselves, uninfluenced by passion or panic ? The only possible mode in which this question can be answered, is to take the judgment and opinions of those on board. All the Government or the people can know of this matter, is the diminutive character of the brig Somers, crowded from stem to stern with acrew twice as large as it should have been, without any ofthe usual pre- cautions against mutiny or any facilities for the safe keep- ngofprisoners. They know that of necessity, offices and crew—henest men and mutineers—were all huddled together as if in a small room, with nothing but the Hea- vens above and the wide ocean around them, and that their only safety wasin the decision and energy of the com- manding officer and his true-hearted associates. They know that thus situated, the safety of the vessel was in imminent danger ; and that a rescue of the arrested ring- leaders was not only possible and probable, but we may almost say, absolutely certain ; and we hazard nothing in adding, that even if Commander Mackenzie had succeed- ed in bringing home the Somers without executing the ringleaders, and the facts now before the public had been developed—that the pudlic, ourselves among the number, would have united in censuring him for having made the attempt, and condemned him as aman uawilling to as- sume a necessary responsibility im an extreme case--thus hazarding the safety of a national vessel, and jeoparding the commerce of the world. But what is the testimony of those on board the Somers, with regard to the possibility of bringing herjhome, if Spencer and his associates had not been executed? It must besborne in mind that the Judge Advocate of the sitting Court of Inquiry, representing the Government, has in each case required of the witnesses to state not only what they thought at the time, but what they now think in re- lation to this matter. Lieutenant Gansevoort, the second in command of the Somers, swears as follows :— “ From what I observed of the feeling and state of the crew, and the progress of the mutiny up to the time of the execution ofthe ringleaders, I then believed, and do now believe, that the Somers could not have been brought in safety to this port, if the execution of the ringleaders had not taken place. 1 do not now believe, if it had not taken place, that she would have arrived in the hands of her officers.” Acting Master M.C. Perry, Assistant Surgeon Liececk, Midshipman H. Rogers, Mid. Thompson, Mid. Ha a. D. Londe, Mid. Tillotson, Comd. Clerk, O.H. Perry, Pur- ser’s Steward, J.W. Wales, Quarter Master C. Rogers, Captain of the Forecastle Charles Stewart, Sargeant Gar- try and William Collins, Gunner’s Mate, each and all, swear to the same fact, both as to their convictions at the time of the executions and asto their belief now, when there has been abundant time for reflection upon all the events and incidents ot the crnize. ‘This testimony is, or at least should be conclusive with all disinterested persons, that Commander McKenzie is not only Siustifiable for the execution of Spencer, and his associate mutineers, but that he merits the thanks of the people of the United States, for the coolness, deliberation, Judgment and decision evinced througheut the whole of that unfortunate affair. We might add, that all the crew thus far examined, with the exception of two who were upon Spencer's list of doubtful, and arrested on their arrival in port as parties to the attempted mutiny, unite in opinion with the offi- cers and petty officers asto the absolute necessity of the executions for the safety of the Somers. It will be observed from this view of the case, that after assuming and abandoning several preli- minary positions, the Courier presents itself, last for all, on the opinions of the witnesses, as to the im- possibility of taking the brig to New York without the executions. It is not pretended that there was A mutiny—it is not pretended thateven Spencer or Small perpetrated any overt act. The only particle of evidence indicating a planis that given by Wales, and that simply implicates Spencer, but hangs very loosely even on Small. But as to Cromwell, not a word is given implicating him in any degree. Yet when this plot was first told by Lieutenant Ganse- voort to Captain McKenzie the latter treated it with perfect indifference, alleging: that the brig wasin a good state of discipline. The plot is thus thrown back upon the simple pro- position made by Spencer, who in being questioned about it, by the commander, at once acknowledged the fact—but declared it “‘was a joke.” Now, although this was a species of joking on improper subjects, and deserved punishment, yet there is no evidence whatever showing that any general agree- ment or understanding was entertained by the crew. The frightfulness of the plot seems to have grown up afterwards. All the evidence given tending to show the invincible necessity of the execu- tion, for fear of a rescue, seems to be a mere matter of opinion, without being found- ed a single faet. The looks of the men—their grouping together—their enquiries of each other as to what was the matter, were all na- tural events in such a contingeney as the arrest of an officer, who made music to them with his jaw To a commander of firm nerves, cool resolution, high moral and physical courage, those very na- tural events would never have been invested with the character of an intended rescue. But this is not all—if we look at the log-book, find also, that, by that infallible guide, the discipline of the ship was in a somewhat similar tate from the beginning to the end of the cruise— betore and after the execution. This log-book con- sins facts—not opinions, and hence reliance can be tully placed on its records. ‘The conclusion of the Courier that the evidence es- s the opinion that the Somers could not have been taken into port, without the execution, is therefore a conclusion which the community, we believe, do not think is sufficiently made out by the witnesses It is true that Mr. Gansevoort and many of the witnesses, the most of them boys, entertain- ed such an opinion—but in their examination they could not give facts to support such an opinion. On the contrary, from the general character of the evi- dence, the presumption is strongest that with the ar. rest of Spencer and Small no difficulty could have happened Yet we would not hastily condemn Captain McKenzie, nor do we think that he would have pro- ceeded to such an extremity without being persuad ed that there was a necessity for such rigor. But ull he must be satisfied on such strong grounds as on we will also satiety the law, the community and the age Blood 14 not to be shed on mere opinions We think he has not yet shown tacts strong ough—and his exculpation is therefore incom- On the contrary ~it would really seem, from he whole evidence, that «panic or mania prevailed like an epidemte—like the smal! pox or the cholera mm board the Somers—the captain, officers and crew being afflicted with it ia one way, seeing mutiny in every thing—and Midshipman Spencer afficted with it in another shape—concocting muti- ny out of Greek letters and nothing. |t is probably the greatest farce, loath in an awful tragedy, that ever was enacted since the creation.§ Court of Enquiry on board the North Carolina. SixreentH Day—Jan. 16. The Court resumed its proceedings at the usual hour. A great number of auditors and spectators were present The first witness called was Henny Mitcer, 15 years of age.—He knew nothing of the matter. Joun Battantyne, 15 years of age.—Knew nothing of the matter. He: rest, ‘y Comns, 17 "years of age—After Cromwell’s ar- rd Willson say that it the officers knew as much about it as he did, t would have hung them all three 3 before that time; Browning was present and said that it illson would not report that he would. Richanp Noxwoop, 15 — of age—Heard Mr. Spencer ask Small if be would like his dis charge; Small he would, and Mr, Spencer replied that he would get it for him. Small asked McKinley, who was by, is he thought Mr. Spencer could get his discharge for him, and McKinly said he thought he could, because Mr. Spence: r was the See of War. H Willson threaten to be revenged on the Captain after he had been licked one day, and he alge said that he would fix the officer of the dec! By Capt. McKenzix.—Willson was flogged tor striking Heard Ciom Weaver, w me order, say “ the braces; I wish the braces, y: nd all were in h—ll.”_ Mr. Spen- cer said “don’t ‘say that; we'll have some fun with the brig yet.” Spencer then asked Cromwell for a chew of tobacco and went forward. On the day after the evening that Mr. Spencer was arrested, witness took up an African knife, which belonged to Willson, when the latter ordered him to lay it down; that he had just been sharpening it, and it would cut’ witness's throat as sure as he would look at it. He then added that he would like to put it in Mr. Spencer's hands Heard Spencer ask McKie if he would like to sail with him. McKie said he would. Spencer said all he would have to do would be to cut out clothes for the crew ; that they would not need any winter clothes, as they were going to warm place. McKie then asked Mr. Spencer for achew of tobacco, and Mr. Spencer gave him a piece as big as his hand. Thinksthe brig might have been brought to St. Thomas. By Com. Dautas.—The brig was about four or five days sail from St. Thomas, when the execution took place. By Cartaty M’Kenzrx.—Supposing that there had been a gale or heavy squall, and a boy fallen overboard, ma- king it necessary to lower one or more boats, manned with officers and petty officers, before we got to St. Tho- mas, might not any of those occasions have been taken advantage of by the conspfrators in taking the vessel? A.—No, sir, 1 don’t know that,for the largest part of the boys belonged to the boats, but ine galeof wind when icers were aloft, they might have rescued the don’t think they could in any other way. Hams, 15 years of age—When Mr. Spen- , witness asked McKinley what it was for; for raising a mutiny ; witness ask: ; McKinley said he could do it by the help of others ; witness asked who would be so mean asto help him, and McKinly said there was plen- ty ofthem would help him ; witness then asked him how they could get things to carry onthe mutiny, and McKin- ly said that Mr. Spencer knew where every thing was Kept and could easily get them ; heard Small ask Mr. Spencer if he could get his discharge for him ; Mr. Spen- cer said he could very easily, Small then said he would give him six months wages in a merchant! if he would get it for him ; McKinley was present at this time, and when witness asked McKinley if Mr. Spencer could get a persor harge, he replied that he could very easily, because his father was Secretary of War. Ricnaxp Gruore, aged 15 ; Joux BuapsHaw, aged 16; Jonny Van Oven, aged 16; SterHen W. Swi red 17} Avprew Pace, aged 15; Joun ARMSTRONG, 3 Wittam Ras more, 16; D: James Tra ever was elicited. ‘They had seen Spencer, Cromwell and Small talking together often, and were able to corroborate some parts of previous testimony. The Court then adjourned till this morning, when the prisoners will be examined, It cannot be expected, how- ever, that any new facts will be developed. Ail the idence which can be elicited by the Court of Enquiry is now betore the public. , 16 years of age. ImpoRTANT FRom KinpeRHooK.—We understand that the venerable Ex-President is tired of the beau- ties of his classic villa on the Arno of Kinderhook, and in order to pass away the winter he intends to take up a residence at Albany. Why does he not come to New York? When Mr. Clay spends his winter in New Orleans, Mr. Van Buren should do the like in New York. They can then move the chessmen against each other. A Harp Case.—The Northampton Courier says that Captain William Smith, who for the last twen- ty years has been an inmate of the Northampton Almshouse, has just claims against the Government for French spoliations prior to 1800 to the amount of $10,000. In 1798 and 99 he commanded at different times three vessels, in the cargoes of which he was interested to the amount of $10,000, prime cost—all ef which vessels were captured by French priva- teers, and with their cargoes confiscated. The French Government made compensation for these damages more than forty years ago, and the money was used inthe purchase of Louisiana. Captain Smith has sent a petition to Washington for relief, which is dated at the Northampton poorheuse. Nomination or Jonn TYLER FoR THE PrEsIpENcy. —Last evening we learn that}the Tyler Committee, which meets in Tammany Hall, took some further steps in bringing forward John Tyler as a candidate for the next Presidency. Why so slow? Why not bring the Captain out at once? ’Tis just as easy as not. Terrisce THUNDER STORM EXPECTED IN ALRANY.— A terrible water spout or thunder storm, 1s expected in Albany during the present week. There are nearly 500 office beggars there,and only 84 offices to be given away by the “eld white horse’s rider.” Hence, as soon as Governor Bouck has divided the pie, there will be anawful outbreak. Look out. Mr. Wuitine’s Report on Potice REForm.—We present to our readers exclusively this morning the very able report of the District Attorney, upon the subject of police reform. The public have been anxiously waiting for this report, ever since it was first announced, and will read it with the deepest in- terest, coming as it does from a person of so great practical knowledge as Mr. Whiting. It will be seen there is a striking coincidence between the principles contained in the report and the views up- en the same subject which have been published in the Herald. Itnow remains for Justice Taylor to send in his report, which we presume he will shortly do. ‘Tue Marxet Laws.—By reference to the report- ed proceedings of the Board of Aldermen, it will be seen that the ordinance licensing butcher shops has become a law, unless the Mayor interposes his veto. The contract for sweeping the streets also passed that Board, and was sent to the Assistants for concurrence. The contract has not been given out,as was reported about town yesterday, nor have the proposals been opened. Tuat Can.—Would the person who witnessed the outrage on a female in a certain cab, give a descrip- tion of the same to Isaac H. Brown, Inspector of hacks and cabs, 83 Mott street? Mr. Brown at- tends, as Hack Inspector, all the fashionable balls and parties, and would readily discover the cabin question. Mercantite Evection —The election for officers of the Mercantile Library takes place to-day, we believe. Boys, now behave yourselves decently. Remember you are all considered modern philo- sophers, since those lectures on matters and things in general, were given Lecture on IneLanp.—Mr. Robinson gives a lec- ture on Ireland, at Hall’s Exchange Building, Brook- lyn, to-night. Mr. R. is a gentleman of fine talents, and a capital lecture may be expected. Sprenpip Sicut.—A new steamer,of great length, will be launched at ten o’clock this morning, from the ship yard of William Brown, foot of 12th street, East River. It will afford a sight well worth seeing. Sim Cuartes Bacor.—The Governor General has nearly recovered his health Cuarnam Taratre.—An almost unlimited amount of attractions are presented in the bill for this eve- ning. Three highly successful and deeply interest ing melo-dramas will be performed in an excellent style by the unequalled company of the Chatham ““Gwineth Vaun,”—the “Rent Day,” with Mr Thorne as Martin Haywood, W. H. Williams as Bullfrog, Fisher as Hyssop, and Miss Mary Duff ae Rachel Haywood—and also the drama of “ Peter Bell,” together with other novelties, are all an- nounced for to-night, and if a tremendous house is not the result, we are no prophets. Many new plays are in preparation, which can only be given al this popular establishment with suitable power and effect. gee DAYS LATER —¥ROM EUROPE, Packet Ship Garrick Ashore——Bombard- ment of Barcelona—Decline in Cotton— Prize Fighting—State of Affairs in all parts of Kurope. We have received London and Liverpool papers to the Mth ult by the packet ship Garrick. She sailed from Liverpool on the 15th. In coming into port in tow of two tug boats, she went ashore on the West Bank, and is now high and dry. She was going at the rate of six miles an hour when she struck. Her cargo will be taken out, and she will then float off into deeper water. Assist- ance will be sent to her this morning. She has a full freight. Our Commodore boarded her between nine and ten o'clock last night, and came up express over land. Cotton in the Liverpool market was in much less demand, and had declined 1-8d. No change in other markets. The dense fogs continued to hang over France and Belgium. ‘The Queen and Prince Albert were in excellent health. Barcelona had been bombarded and taken by Von Halen. Lord Hill is dead. Madame Celeste was playing at the Haymarket to full houses. Van Amburg had taken the English Opera House in London for his beasts. The Chinese Treaty had arrived in London. The prize fight between Freeman and Slasher did not take place on the 6th. Parliament is to meet on the 2d February,accord- ing to proclamation of the Queen. American AFFairs.—The ship Hottinguer, arri- ved at Liverpoo!, puts us in possession of advices from New York to the 2ist ult., a day or two later only than the last cccounts received. The Hottin- guer brought some 200 passengers, the vast majority of whom, did not, as it is stated in a New York pa- per, pay more than four dollars each as passage mo- ney. The North America, which sailed with the same tide, took upwards of 150 poor people, it ap- pears, at equally low rates. y This wholesale return of emigrants from the Uni- ted States presents another feature in illustration of the calamitous situation of the Republic. The very reduced terms upon which they are restored to their homes, is a proof more particularly of the declining state of he American carrying trade ; but even the change in this respect may be traced in a great measure tothe explosion of American credit and the wide-spread ruin of tue banks. The news that the current rate of interest in Eng- land was but 13 per cent, had just come to hand, and was received with renewed expressions of amaze- ment. That an English commercial bill should be taken at an interest of 13 per cent, in preference to a security of the Federal Government ef the United States at 7 per cent, for such paper as was offered at par, is acircumstance not to be at once digested; but the fact is, repudiation has done its work with a rapidity and effect that had been but litle dreamed of either in America or elsewhere. The Federal system, whatever may be its advan- tages or disadvantages in other matters, holds out no guarantee for the maintenance. of public credit. The financial delinquency of a single member of the American federation, and that an inferior one. was alone sufficient to tarnish the character an annihilate the credit of the whole, both individual- ly and collectively. This is an evil that may be supposed not to have been foreseen at the organiza- tion of the American Constitution on the peculiar principles adopted.—London Post Dec. 12 Tue Giant BartLte For £200.—The great prize fight for the above sum being appointed to come off on Tuesday, between Charles Freeman, well known as the American Giant, and William Perry,com- monly called the Tipton Slasher, the fancy was on the move. Thearticles of agreement were that the contest should take place between Tipton and Lon- don, and within 60 miles of the latter. The neigh- borhood of Newmarket was selected, but the police, having got scent, put a stop to the contest before any mischief was done. Out of that county they must go, or no fight could take place. Another place was therefore selected, a ring was formed, and the fight commenced. The combatants having fought 17 rounds, which occupied about an hour and a half —all in favor of the giant—were prevented from continuing the contest by the darkness, when, by consent of all parties, it was put off till another day. ‘We are sorry that we are not able to report any abatement of the severe epidemic which has been so prevalent in Dundee for the last three months. Weare, however, happy at being able to state (3 the present epidemic has not been very fatal. Sport 1n Excuanp.—It is stated, that during past season, about 1,000 horses have been in train- ing, and that 1,050 races have been contested, whilst £150,000 has been distributed amongst the win- ners. France. The Paris papers“of Sunday, the 11th ult. have reached us, but bring no news whatever. It would appear that the Government was not ne- glecting the precautions necessary to insure the per- sonal safety of the King. ft The “Commerce” states, that when the King and Royal family set out on Friday last from the Tuilleries for Fontainebleau, the entire quays along which His Majesty passed were crowded with police agents and municipal guards. The Royal family occupied three carriages, that of the King bei escorted by a strong detachment of Lancers an National Guards. Advices of the 12th contain nothing of conse- quence. Spain. Our accounts from Madrid are not of a later date than the 4th inst. : The Committee appointed to examine the ques- tions connected with the commercial treaty with Great Britain frequently met, and was believed to have at last come to an understanding with Mr. Aston. From what had transpired of their proceed- ings, the prohibition with which cer foreign manufacturers have been hitherto visited, is to ay, and replaced by protecting duties — 1% to report, cotton cloths of the best quali- ty, are, by the new tariff, prepared by the Commis- sioners, to be liable to an import Mr 4 of 25 per cent, and those of an inferior kind to 35. The estima- tion is to be made from the weight and number of threads of the cloths; but there was one concrs- sion which several of the Commissioners insisted on obtaining from England, without making it, how- ever, a sine qua non—namely, the suppression of the entrepot of tobacco at Gibraltar, from whence an immense quantity of that article is smuggled into Spain. It appears that the Cabinet has abandoned the in- tertion of dissolving the Cortes, and means to turn to account the triumph of Espartero over the Barce- lonese, in order to pass the commercial treaties with England and Belgium, and the other financial bills before the Chambers. They calculated that three or four months would elapse before the meeting and organization of anew Legislature, that the elec- tions besides might be hostile, and that at any rate the events of Barcelona would be forgotten, and they accordingly were determined to conyoke the present Cortes immediately on the return of the Re- gent. The insurrection of Barcelona was differently ap- preciated in Madrid. The Government wished to accredit the belief that it was the work of the Mo- derado party and foreign emissaries, but their asser- tion is not borne out by any facts. It was not either a Carlist, Progressista, or Republican movement. It was a manufacturing and anti-English insarrec- tion, which broke out prematurely and by mere ac- cident, the chiefs being then in the capital, dis- charging their Parliamentary duties. The explosion, it seems, was not to have taken place until the pre- sentation of the English commercial! treaty, when the Catalonian Feel were to have resigned en masse, and given the signal of revolt. . Oar intelligence from Barcelona is tothe 5th inst. inclusive. The bombardment commenced at 11 o'clock in the morning ofthe 34, and continued without inter- ruption uatil 12at night. 817 projectiles were thrown into the city with dreadful effect. After the firing had coon General Van Halen summoned the city to surrender, and allowed the authotities six hours to disarm the free corps, who still held out, and threat- ened incase of non-compliance to resume the bom bardment. The authorities called a meeting of the notable inhabitants, and, aided by a considerable portion of the lation, succeeded in append insurgents. They then opened the gates, and Gene- ral Van Halen and the troops made their entry into the city about 50’clock in the afternoon of the 4th The city suffered materially, but the amount of damage and the number of victims were not accu- rately ascertained. The houses of a square on which the Municipality stands were particularly damaged, and fires had broken out in differen’ quarters, which were extinguished ou the Sth. The crews of the French ehips of war had, by the direc- tion of their Censul, landed their engines, and were renderi g every assistance. The house of the French Eonsul had also sustained some aioe. Be fore the commencement of the bombardment, the soldiers of the militia proceeded in a body toward: the French ship, on board of which their officers had sought refuge, and claimed them with rage, bu the commander ordered them ismediat ly to de- part, threatening to repel them by force, if they did not obey his injunction. Jt was thought that Van Halen would lay r contribution of 2,000,000 piasters on the city. The Regent had not yet entered Barcelona. Madrid letters and payers to the 5th are nearly ex clusively filed with accounts from Barcelo! Ad vices from the latter are to the 8th. Prussia, dic. We learn from the German papers, received by last night’s express, that the negotiations betwee: the French and Prussian Governments for a modifi cation of the increased duties imposed by the Zolve- rein, at the last Stuttgard Congress, on French goods, were actively pursued, but it was doubtec whether they would be concluded in sufficient time to prevent the new tariff from coming into force. Baron Bulow had quitted Berlin for ee sete nee mission to obtain a reduction of the Sound duties. Baron Lieven’s arrival at Semlin, and interview with the ex-Prince of Servia, are announced, but i! is not stated whether the Russian Envoy would re cognize or repudiate the newly-elected ruler. Some Hungarian journals contain a eae threat to Russia of a coalition against her of Austria, France, and England, shoud the Czar persevere in attacking the rights of the Hungarian people as to the principalities of the Danube. ‘ A letter trom Bucharest, of the 29th ult., in the Journal de Francfort, states that the election of the new Hospodar of Wallachia is not to take place, and that the Prince will be named by the Porte in con- cert with the Russian Cabinet. In 1834, says this journal, it was not the Wallachian nation who elec ted Prince Ghika ; he was nominated by the Cabi- nets of St. Petersburg and Constantinople. Markets. Loxpow Money Manxet.—Monday Evening, Dec. 12.— ‘The announcement of the Canada loan, which was inser- ted in the Times of to-day, was also posted up at the Steck Exchange, according to custom, and copies were sent to the Bank of England. The members were not in the least taken by surprise, as since the passing of the act by which the loan is authorised, the appearance of such on announcement has been almost daily expect ted. Thetime of such appearance is generally admitted to be remarka bly well chosen. At the present low rate of menos. any- thing like @ profitable investment, guaranteed 4 the Bri- tish government, will probabiy be caught at with avidity, and the present stock.which bears 4 per cent interest, will at the price of 106 yield about 8}. Hence, though the price that will be tendered is merely a matter of congectire it is believed that the tenders will range tolerably high. But, besides the abundance of unemployed capital, there is an- other cause for supposing thatthe present time is particu- larly opportune fer bringing forward a stock bearing @ high rate of interest, ‘This is the belief which pretty ge- nerally prevails, that a reduction of the 8} per cents is contemplated by the Government. Should such a mea sure take place, the Canadian 4 per cents, which will not be redeemable till 20 years have elapsed, will be the only Government stock in the market commanding an interest above 8 per cent. The fear of a fluctuation in the value of barre™ which might render it just as scarce asit is now plentiful, will, it is believed, be the only check on the ea- gerness with which the new loan will be tought. The sum to be raised not pegs t £300,000, it is thought no isadvantage will arise by making the loan an open one, instead of disposing of it by contract, hough had it been for a large amount difficulties might have arisen.— According to the advertisement, the bonds repre- senting the loan will be “ redeemable” in twenty years. The capitalists, who are regarding the value of the stock as a banking investment, observe that there is a little ambiguity in this expression, as it does not point out whether it shall be obligatory or optional on the part of the Government to redeem at the end ofthe specified time, There was no new feature inthe stock markets to-day. Consols for the Account closed 994 to94; Three per Cents Reduced, 94} to 4; Bank Stock, 172} to 1734; Exchequer Bills, 618 to 53s premium; and India Bonds, ay premium. ‘The foreign securities were very inactive. A few bar ains were concluded in Spanish at rather firmer prices.- Phe Actives left of 18}; the Three per Cents 254; Portu. gisee Five per Cents, 33}; ditto Three per Cents 22} to 3 ; utch Two and a-Half per Cents, 62$ to 63 ; Colombian, Q1 to}; Belgian, 102}; Danish, $3 to 64; anJ Brazilian, 69 to 70. Turspay Eyenixc, Dec. 13.—Although little business ‘was transacted in the Funds to: the tendency of prices was rather upwards. Consols for the openiug closed at 94 to}. Bank Stock 1734 to.4- ‘Three per Cent. Reduced 94f to 3. In Foreign Stocks little doing. Dutch ‘Two-and-Half per Cents 624 to }, the Bive per Cents 100] tol. Spanish Actives Fives 18} to }, the Three per Cents 28} to J. Brazili 21f to §. Peruvi ation worth no! ovement on 4 701 Rotterdam 12.6: on Antwerp 12.5} to ; on Hamburg 13.11} to J,on Frankfort 161 to § } ; on Paris 21.87} to 92}, all at three months. Lexpoy Conx Excuanar, Dec. 12.—The Corn trade du- ring the past week was altogether languid for every de- scription of Grain, and although the supplies were not large in the early part of the week, the trade bought very sparingly, and at prices lower than previous quotations. On Wednesday and Friday the arrivals in some measure increased, but the demand experienced was not in .ny degree improved, and the trade concludedon Friday, if anything, rather worsethan Monday. ‘To this morning’s market the supply fresh up was exceedingly short of ‘Wheat trom Essex, but of Spring Corn from most of the home counties the arrival was abundant, Wheats have been taken offon the terms of this day week. Barley comes to hand much inferior in quality, and finds a mode- rate sale at Is per qr. below last week’s currency. In Oats the trade has been extremely limited. Beans and Peas, both White and Gray, must bo quoted Is cheuper.— The Flovrtrade hay undergone no alteration. Seeds of alldescriptions arein limited demand, at prices generally without alteration. Loxpox Trap Report, Monday Evening, Dec. 12.— Tea—The market is dull, and very little business doing, prices are nominally the same. Tsllow—The delivery last week was 2,726 casks, and the arrival 3,052 casks. ‘The stock is 39,145 casks, against 39,474 casks same time lastiyear. The market is quiet; 48s. to 43s. 34. on the spot, 483. 34. for January, 48s. 6d. for February and March, with all amount of business doing. Lonpon Tea Trave, Dec. 12—The deliveries of tea last week were 446,4931bs. The market is dull, as further supplies are arriving, and since the public sales prices have declined 1d to 1fd per Ib for black, while grown sorts are also lower. Banx or Exaanp.—Quarterly Average of the Week ly Liabilities and Assets of the Bank of England, from the 10th day of September to the ad day of December, 1842, both inclusive, published pursuant to the act 3 and 4 Will. IV., ¢.98 :— sels. £21,210,000 9,983,000 £31,,194,000 jes. Asi £19,562,000 Securities 987,000 Bullion, £28,510,000 Downing street, Dec 8, 1842. Lrverroot Cons Manxet.—Dec. 13.—The princi ports from abroad consist of a ci eat, an ls of Flour from Canada. Lim. a few a ‘Wheat, but at lower rates than holders would accept, and including a purchase or two for the inferior, only a limit ed business has occurred in that Grain, at about the prices then quoted. Irish new Wheat has been in short supply and has fully maintained its previous value—6s 6d to 63 8d par 70 Ibs for best runs of red. U. States and home man- ufactured Flour have moved slowly without change in ue; the fresh imported Canadian har met a moderat and at 27 to 278 6d per barrel. There been on the market, scarcely any of fine quality ; the de- d for either that article or for Oatmeal has atthe same time been on a limited scale, and we make no altera. tion in our quotations for them ; a few good mealing oats were sold on Frit 26 4d to 264jd per 45 Ibs. No change as regards Barley, Beans, or Peas. About 400 quarters of Waited States white Indian Corn have been sold in bond, at 17s per 489 Ibs. ‘There was a fair retail sale fer foreign wheat this morning at about the rates of of last Tuesday. Irish new scarce and brought very full prices. Nochange in the value of Oats—a cargo or two of good mealing were sold at 28 4hd_ per 48 Ibs. “Prices of Flour unvaried, Oatmeal 31 to 6d per load cheaper. (@Ltvervoor, Dec. 14.—The active demand for Cotton ,and the extensive business noticed in our circular of the 3rd instant, by last steamer, terminated with that day. The daily transactions since have not been nearly half as large as for the previous fortnight, and the speculative demand suspended ; and asthe new American Cotton continues to be resly offered, prices of fair and good qualities have de ‘lined } a 4d per 1b., the greatest depression being in the best, and even the ordinary and middliug qualities are 4d lower, The determination to realize the imports of the new crop as soon as landed has hitherto been so decided and general as probably to have impressed spin- ners and speculators with a belief in the largest estimates of the American crop, and this, together with the more sober views now prevailing in the com: munity as to the effect of the treaty with China, may account for the depression in our market. The sales for the week ended 9th instant, were 23,150 bales, inclu- ding about 9000 sold on Saturday, the 34 instant, of which 5740 were Upland, at 4 a 6}; 7220 Orleans at 4a 7, with 10 at 7}; 4440 Alabama and Mobile at 4 9 5b and 110 Sea jor The extreme Island at 7} a 14gd. pe four da: sto this evening is estimi uotation for fair Up! 4, and fair Orleans 5§; good leans is selling at 6d. and nothing above 6},except small fancy lots. At Manchester there is much less animation and spirit in their market, but still a fair steady trade, As regards markets for other other articles, no changes have occurred since the sailing of the last steamer. State or Trape—Maxcnester, Tuesday Evening, Dec. 13—This has been deciledly a flat week in every department of the Cloth market—all kinds and qualities have been dull sale, whilst printing Cloths of the bes quality must be noted as having declined, and the market closing with great heaviness ; even goods adapted for the Kast and for China are not readily saleable to-day, at the current rates lately paid. Yarns partake of a similar heaviness, and in some cases where sales have been pressed, a shade less has been taken. Were the spinners, disposed to give way a little, it is probable that some heavy export buyers would como into the market In Worcester some activity prevails in the glove trade, and we tage he observe, by our Birmingham cop: tempor aries of last week, that extensive orders have been received for the manufactures of that important town. ‘The demand last week at Bradford was principally for plain goods, and stocks being low, manufacturers are ex- pecting @ little advance, if the inquiries continue. In fancy goods no improvement. An advance on wool i+ asked, and in some cases complied with, but this is no the case generally. ‘There is no decided improvent in Halifax piece market consequent on the late news from China, &c., atill there is rather more doing, and manufacturers are very firm, re- fusing to sell unless at the very full rates lately paid. ‘The trade of Huddersfield has not as yet been impro- ved by the late news from the East; indeed, we scarce ly over remember so flat a season as itis just now. At Rochdale last market day there was something like an average flannel market. Coarse wools are rather sti! for, and worse to buy ; but in other kinks of wool there i little change. ‘There was but little doing in the cloth-halls at Leed last week; still longer hours are the order of the day, » well as new mills preparing for work, which have standing. Thus the workmen are likely to have ful employment in most cases,, which, with low provisions, mort place the most extensive and of Fernandez & Sons. These corn factors, but cori millers and wine merchants.— Wake- Sield Journal. bosshertiaeat caused a panic at opened at'a3} 00 the Bourse Passive 3}. ‘2f, 50c. 20c. For the account, the Fives fell the Threes also 25c., 79f. 15c. closed, the Threes were offered at 79f. 17; at 79f.20c. Bank of France shares slight decline took place ; Rouen 642f. 50c. of 6f. 25. the decline of ‘T9f, fon of the Court of Errors relative to the ri dermen to sit as Judges of the Court read, and double the usual number of copies ordered to be printed. Also, the certificate copy of the bill relative to the collection of assessments authorising streets anc per annum, with a privilege to purchase it for $15,000, was adopted. the majerity against the prompt repeal of the measure through the ballot boxes. trom to pay this contractor, provided the fused to allo agreed upon ? the tal — which was considered out of order by the Presi- lent. {ject of the removal of Potter's ing of $10, paid by him for license of public ho ordi nance relative to the Market Laws, as the Board of Assistants, was taken up. it will be remembered, allows the sale of meats in shops as well as market houses. ofthe lease was only e winter. cong ii eee to be able to continue our favorable report of last week aa of the cotton trade connected with Car! has‘ however, as yettaken place in the weavers’ wages, i branch ‘as there is increased say he Bo wea etvance but that class of operative is now in great demand. Itis with regret that we announce the failure of one of table firms in the town, that entlemcn were not only Pants Bourn: » Monday, Dec. 10.—The news jof the Barcelona and the rising of Catalonia yesterday. Spanish Actives fellto 234, but rallied, closed at 23}; aan “eee yr 5c. Romans }; = Piedmont ¢ Belgian and Austran securities not vary. The French Fives declined 40c. for cash, and the Threes 1 260.; 119f 7éc.; and the Parquet had and demanded ares fell 10f. In Rar fal Four o’clock.—The funds this afternoon recovered from qomenten.. The Threes, for the account, 40c.. 250. higher, Fives 119f. 86., 15c. higher. Spanish Actives } per cent higher. Common Council, Boarp or Atpenman, Monday, Jan. 15.—All the Alder. man present except Aldermen} Leonard and Hatfield—Al. derman Davies in the chair. ©) Petitions presented and referred—From R. Pentz for re- lease of No.46 Chatnam st. From house and store bei ers in Doyer street, tor return of engine No. 39 to that v cinity. From C. V- Anderson, Esq. tChi 8 5 g e g extra services, From Isaac Adriance,against any further roceeding in opening 128th street—referred to commit. on roads and canals, From the Engineers, Assistants and Foremen of Fire Depattment, to repeal the ordinance restricting the number of members to Fire Com- panies. From M. Bayard, for aid to defend suit against him by John Armstrong for filling up lands in lath Ward,taccording to ordinance. From John Keyser, for hose cart In 12th Ward. From Company§No. 45, at Yorkville, to flag a space in front of their engine house— referred to Alderman and Assistant with power. From a number of citizens,against the removal of steamboats from pier No. 1, N. R. ‘A communication was received from the Mayor,enclos- ing the petition of McFarland and Terry for payment of work done by them for Kennedy and Montgomery, sub- contractor under Francis Blair—referred. A communication was received from the Mayor, cen- taining certain charges against an assistant captain of the watch of the third district and a number of his men, for grossly abusing and arresting Wilhelm Souter, of No. 4 Laurens street, while in his own house with others, at a baptitm, and ‘confining them in the watchhouse over night. communication from the Mayor containing the decis- of the Al- sions, was A communication was received from the Comptroller the lease of lot on Washington and West Battery Place for ten years, fer $10,050 cents Ald. Baxrs called up the document relative to cleanin; the streets by contract, with the veto of the Mayor, an asked to suspend the rules for that purpose. Ald. Purpy objected, but the motion was sustained. Alderman Bais then moved that the previous resolu- tion be re-considered, which was accepted. The question then came up or the adoption of the ordinance, notwithstanding the objections ofthe Mayor. Alderman Purpy then stated that he should now warn e of this ordinance, and if it was adopted the minority will appeal to the people for a fe was willing to support the measure for one y would not sanction the giving of it for five years— but co} nd tract was insufficient for the objects in view, andit would be nullified by the people. Alderman Woopuvutt stated that he thought there w: no power, either in the Common Council or the Legis ture’to repeal the ordinance,if once adopted by the present Boards. He then revicwed the message of the Mayor, and differed with him in all the objections urged against the contract. Alderman Purpy asked where the mone) was to come egislature re- w the assessment of the tax to pay the amount Alderman Smita followed with his objections to the contract ‘Alderman Lx moved to lay the whole matter upon which was lost. He then introduced an amend- An appeal was made from the decision, which was lost. Alderman Purpy still contended that amendments could be introduced tothe contract at this stage of the pro ceeding. The ordinance and contract were then adopted by a vote of 10to 5—Aldermen Leonard and Hatfield absent. It was then sent to the Board of Assistants for concur- rence, ‘The Committee to whom was referred the application of Fire Engine Company No. 42, for a new apparatus, re- rted in favor, and recommended that the sum of $1000 e paid for that purpose to Mr. Waterman. Adopted. ‘The special committee to whom was referred the sub. ‘eld, reported ii the mgasure, and recommended that Randall’s Island be selected for that purpose, and $800 be appropriated to erect a dwelling for the keeper. Alderman Bowne moved that the report and resolution lie upon the table, which was adopted. ‘The nce Committee reported in favor of giving certain water grants in peer a to Hamilton H. Jackson and others, which was adopted. ‘The same committee reported in favor of granting the amount claimed by Daniel H.and Rufus H. Lord, for the damages in blowing up their stores at the great fire in 1835. Adopted. The same committee reported in favor ot leasing the Harlem Railroad the office they now occupy in Center street, for one’year, for $500. Adopted The same committee Feported versely to the applica: tion of the Washington Temperance Benevolent Society for aid. ‘The Committee of Assessments reported adversely to the application of the East River Insurance Company, for reduction of assessment of tax. The Police and Watch Committee, to whom was re- ferred the application of Christian Schieb for the suns in the dered 17th ward, reported in favor, and the money w to be return The Market Laws.—On motion of Alderman Jonzs the through is ordinance, \derman Jonxs moved tliat the ordinance be concurred in as passed through the Board of Assistants. ~« Alderman Lee opposed it, and stated that tae corpora- tion were the monopolists and not the butcners,and there- fore the injustice of the measure was full, mind. He recommended tue building of small markets, arent to his which hethought woul fremedy the evil. Alderman Jonxs said that public opinion called for > change, and the fact that persons would not find a verdict against the shop butcters had been made fully event. ‘Alderman Uxosxwoon said he thought the expenses of the vity were already heavy enough, and there were mar- kets already in abundance without building more, He thought that if the question was submitted to the people, seven out of ten would be in favor of allowing the meat shops to be licensed. ‘Alderman Lee replied, and thought that if the shops were licensed the markets must go down. Alderman Grenev said, that desperate diseases required desperate remedies, and’ although opposed to the ordi- nence in toto, yet he should vote forit. He thought that the Corporation had held the butchers by the neck long enough with their toes to the ground. This ordi- nance wonld not injure the down town markets, although it would those up town. He thought, therefore, that the matter would rectify itself, and for the purpose of settling the question he sheuld vote for it. “Alderman Stewart moved to lay the question on the table. He said he was opposed to the whole ordinance, and to the establishment of meat shops in the various parts ofthe city. That the laws could be enforced as well now as at any future time. He was ready to meet the question at this time, as he had no substitute to offer,and he should oppose this ordinance by his vote. Aderman West said he should vote for this ordinance, and if it passed should introduce a resolution to give the butchers their rights. ‘Alderman Unpenwoon replied, and stated that the butchers had forfeited all their right an‘ title to the stalls by refusing to pay their rents. That they purchased them in the first place for only one year—not that he supposed they expected to be dispossesed in one year, but the tenurn for that lengtl oftime. He should vote in favor of the ordinance and hoped it would be adopted, as the people demanded it Alderman Les said that the stalls were sold in fee and at the time of the sale it was distinctly stated that they should be property for the children and the children’s children of the butchers who had purchased them. ‘The motion to lay upon the table, was lost by a vote of ten to five—Aldermen Martip, Smith, Purdy, Bonnell and Stewart in the affirmative. Alderman Lee moved that acommittee of conference be appointed to meet the other board, which was with- drawn. aid that he hed heretofore been oppos- ed to the butchers? shops, but he believed that public opin ion had changed and demanded the passage of an ordi- re he should vote for it. were then taken on the cencurrence istants and adopted by ayes 10—nays Martin, Purdy, Stewart, Carman and Lee in the negative. ‘The ordinance is therefore adopted, and if not vetoed by the Mayor, will become a law in ten d ‘This ordinance places the butchers’ same restrict ment of $10 for dt! ops under the and compels the pai op or small market, as license for each ‘net introduced a resolution calling upon the Board to prepare a petition to the Legislature author- ising the Corporation to raise funds to return the premi- uume paid by such butchers for their salle as may feel dis. posed to relinquish their right to such stands. Referred to Finance and Law Committee. Alderman Purpy introduced a resolution to sell such wublic piers and wharves asfmay be deemed advisable. ferred. Alderman Crorsvs introduced a resolution nuthorisin the Police Committee to light the Court Room of Genera Sessions and Police Otfice with gas.—Referred. + a Board then adjourned to Monday next, at 6 o'clock PM. Boano or Assistants—President Apame in the chair, and ® quorum being present, the minutes of the last meet ing were read end approved, +titions—Ot several persone, for reduction of tax, and also for removal of di ad. Of John M. Bixby, for parchas: of land belonging to Corporation. Reports of Gonettiveg = Of Committee on Assessments on petition of John J. Morgan, for correction of tax— Remitted. Of same committee on petition of Paul A. La tourette, to be relieved from tax— Ken poo gg a petition of E. Simpson, lessee Y i {ion of tax. No power to afford relief, although it wouhi seem reasonable account of Fe affiiction in Mr, Simpéon’s family and business. The subject was referred power, Ald. Nash,voting inthe negative. Of ¢ with Croton Aqueduct Committee, on petition of Peter Quinn for compensation for excavating quick sandsin Broadway in laying main water pipes—Compasation allowed.— Of Committee on Finance, in relation to petition of Me- chanics’ Bank, Committee asked to be discharged—So or- dered. Of Committee on Wharves, Piers and Slips, on petition of A. G. Ackerman for compensation for loss of @ orse—Not allowed. Of Committee on Police, Watch and Prisons, on petition of J. Haight for payment ‘of s rvices in 1889--Committee discharged. Of same committee ,on petition of several steamboat capt for a Deputy Heck Inspector. Recommended thatthe Day Police Officers of the Ist, 2dand 34 Wards attend to the landings of the steamboats to do the duties required, on the ground that the Hack Inspectorshave no‘ power to remedy the evils alluded to. rt laid on the table, OfCommittee on Police, Watch, and Prisons, relative to the public printing. They say in their report that the Corporation has been in the habit of paying enormous: hi ot for all their: iting—more than double what is fair equitable. The report recommended that the heads of departments be directed to send aM orders for printing to the Comptroller, who isto vara the Corporation printer to do ed work, ‘wong he pe: able to get itdone by some other competent person cheaper. In the pies 9 discussion on this subject, Alderman Waterman paida very handsome compliment to printers. He said, he was not aware that they got rich faster thon any other set of men, in consequence of the great competi- tion among them. in arepublican form of government like ours, where so much depends upon the dissemination of knowledge, it is of the highest importance that the de- partment of printing should te encouraged and receive adequate su ‘e are indebted to them for almost all lee. our knowledge, and they deserve support; and a more i honorable set of men certainly cannot be found. The re- solution of the Committee on Police, Watch, and Prisons, was finally adopted. Report of James R. Whiting on the sutject of Police Re- form. This was Mr. Whiting’s own report, independent of Justice Taylor's. They concluded to make separate reports, It was ordered to be printed. Mx. Wuitina’s Rerort on Potice Rerorm. To the Honorable the Beard of Assistant Aldermen of the City of New York: OT hereelstion of calling ¢ resolution of your honorable bod upon lor and myself “to communicate to your Board Robert Tay whether any, and if any, what improvement in the police department of the city is’ required by the wants and inte- reats ofthe citizens ; and the probable increase of expense, if any, attendant upon such improvement,” has been trans- mitted to me. The resolution seems to call for a joint answer from Justice Taylor and myself. As we have never matured any plan, nor particularly compared our views, but mere- ly hata informal conversations on the subject, and to put down unjust suspicions that may, and with some seem to exist, that we have ulterior and sini ends in view, we have concluded to answer separately. Whatever, there- fore, may be here said, I stand alone accountable for. 1 intend to speak plainly, and hope no offence or exception will be taken to the manner in which I shall treat the sub- ject—nothing shall { set down “in malice,” but many things “extenu-te” Tocurethe sore, it must be probed to the bottom, otherwise the suitable remedies cannot be applied. There is at present no system of police. It is true we ave “Special justices for preserving. the peace” —"‘police officers”—“ constables”—" marshals and watch- men.” They hold their offices for different periods, and are amenable for neglectof duty or misconduct in office to different and distinct tribunals. There is no head—no responsibility—ne control—no common object. The sim- * ple aliment of the whole contrivance (it deserves no other name) is crime. ts preventive would, to a large portion of those engaged, be a death blow. It is crime, succersful crime alone on which it feeds, and by which it is upheld. ‘The Justices are salaried officers, and have power to hear complaints, to commit fortrial, and to discharge.— They have but little, very little, if any power or con- trolover official misconduct—hence they labor under no pent Any interference by them with the mere ministerial officers, is therefore considered an act of inter. meddling, and not of duly. They are selected without, and entirely irrespeetive of their legal knowledge, and set to perform dut volving the nicest questions con- nected with personal rights. The Police officer has no salary, but receives compen- ation for serving process—hourly and daily compensa- tion for special service and rewards. The last are for the most part offered and paid by the persons robbed, and forms the main incentive to extraordinary exertion. For them, therefere,to prevent a crime, is directly to in- terfere with their hope, or chance of compensation. An officer who should now be constantly on the alert to pre- vent crime, would be very soon obliged to commit it him- self—abandon his office—or starve. This necessarily makes him remiss. The vigorous growth and sturdy front of crime ii es by it comes daity bread. Thisis anecessity arising out of what I callthe contrivance.” It is for these among many other reasons that his steps are daily to the “Police Office”—his hours spent there—that he may be in the way of serving warrants—ready to le detailed for special service, or be the frstto learn the news of a robbery, and the amount otthe reward offered. The fault is not his—an incen- tive to a different exertion of his powers is not sfforded. His powers to are mre than equal to his power to detect crime. “Under this defect,” says an able joint committee ofthe two Boards in a report dated 16th Jan’y. 1937, with which, I fully agree—‘The New York Police has by bafe suffered, and instead of meriting blame tor their inefficiency in times past, your committee think that those who are attached to it, are entitled to th probation of the community for their exertions: d promptness at all times when called upon to prevent \ # ion of crime and for the arrest of offenders.” believe thet in any city better men attached tothe Police than we have, Very many of them have. . rare qualifications. Under good officers, clothed with™ proper power,s with judicious management, they could, in my judgement, besa orgenized as io reader them aante ficient if not more so than any body of police in Europe. — The constables are elected by the people, two ‘or each Ward. Their general busin: is connected with the civil courts for the trial of smell causes and thecollection of private debts bby ® do not make it theirespecial duty to attend to criminal business. So also most of the mar shals ; those! whose especial attention is directed to crimi- nal matters, fall under the observations already made in respect to Police officers. The watchmen are the main 'y of the police, and form the most important branc their duties are so well known that it is deemed unnec: sary to repeat them here. Their admission upon, and dis- charge from the Watch, is entirely arbitrary. They are selected from among the citizens, and constantly chang- ing. A very recent trial has shown that men of the most abandoned and profligate character may have thecap ard club placed at their control ; and the Board must necessa- rily see what hold the community have upon the faith of Their duties arein general as well performed t arrangement ascan be expected. If an ire ignorance of law, of the first rudiments of f the modus operandi of the burglar, the pick- pocket, street brawler and ruffian, are pre-requisites com- mending men to admission upon this platform- then in this arm of the contrivance has just gu been provided 7 Iremember well an instance of a watchman, in the full plenitude of the little power bestowed upon him, who, by mistake, found his way to the door ofan Alderman ignor- ant of the official standing of the oecupant, and intending to show off his brief autbority, ignorantly and grossly in- sulted the Alderman. After is he plead in extenuation that if he had known the man he had abused was an Al- derman, he would not have behaved so wickedly ; and wely insisted that the Alderman had done wrong. fa not informing him of his mistake, that he might have avoided his error. A very large number of our watch: areca- ble, with instruction—honest and industrious, laboring ard through the day, and by necessity driven at night to make suitable and honest provision for adependent family. Their services every other night, affords a small pittance, byt fails to arouse the energy which they for the most pat are of, and which would be brought into full and vigorous exerc: if the public whe nea, and ought to demand their wh time and service, would render a compensation commen- surate with, and suitable to, the service. There are other officers collaterally connected withthe subject of Police, not necessary for the purpose of this re- port, now to be adverted to. Experience, the test of all human inventiogs, hi Med edthe utter inefficiency of the so called system, and the community for years have loudly complained. The pub- lic press, that great manufactory and vehicke of public opinion, has been open and loud in its denunciation, and violent in its demands forreform. Since the adoption of the amended charter, each succeeding chief magistrate of the city has made it one of the subjects of his message to the Common Council. Committees of that houerable body have frequently made it their study, and often com- municated elaborate for consideration. In a re- port of a committee of joard of Aldermen, under date of 30th September, 1833,t ry they “have had the sub- ject under consideration, and are of opinion that the entire ‘olice system requires to be revised, improved and orga nized ona plan commensurate with the increased growth and population of thecity.” Year after year have all their efforts been fruitless—the thing remains the same. ‘The simple, plain, and obvious reason isthat it ie not a matter of simple theory. It isthe business of practical knowledge and experience to make the effort wt its refor- mation, by putting in actual operation, from \ime to time, the suggestions that its defective working may exhibit to be necessary ,until the machinery is made complete. The Cemmuttee, in the report of 30th September, 1833, before referred to, use this emphatic and true language :—" As this woul juire a more extensive knowledge of the transactions of the Police department, and of facts con- nected therewith,than your committee arefin possession of, they content themselves for the present with bri ing the subject to the notice of the Common Council, tnt then nothing more than an outline, or theory ofa plan can be given. As well might the mechanic who con+ ceives in his mind the idea of a new machine intended effect, or accomplish a pa: r end, describe to you th various parts of the contemplated machine before he haa tested the plan or inver tion by actual machinery and ex-| periment. A plan is frequently asked for. a plan it is meant to have all its details written ow! wer that such a plan cannot be written out. Its improvements must be the work of time, and requires on the part of th who attempt it a thorough knowledge cf crime, and the various means and methods resorted to ‘or its ac complishment, and the successful disposition of the spoils. Enectually. ¢o reform it, it must be reduced fo a system regularand harmonious in all its movements, Ie must have e responsible, an able head, to control and govern it, with proper naibilities, and dependencies, proper guards checks balances. There must be a common object—a conservative principle infused into it, workin, obinin itself and acting alike on the rogue with- in as wall as the rogue without ite {folds—its great objects prevention, detection, restoration and punishment. Tho basis of the improvements that 1 would suggest are:— irst—An efficient and responsible Hend. Eicond Every officer and private should be well and perfeetly instructed in his duty. Third—Pay them for their services, and make it their intereat to suppress crime by increasing their pay on its décrease, and Tecreesing their pay on its increase. ‘Fourth—By infusing one spirit into the whole cor, that praise of well-doing should belong alike to all—so that ic should besaid “Toour Police” (instead of officer A. or iilicer B.,) are were indebted, for peace and saiety.” Fifth--By correspondence between the head of the de- partment with our sister cities and abrond. Sixth —Make it continual, night and day. Seventh—Having the kaowledge of the commission of an offence immediately communicated to the whole corps instead of confining it as it now i, to the few engaged in the discovery ofthe | y egone Lighth—-Making the interest of all engaged to com.