The New Hampshire Gazette Newspaper, September 8, 1758, Page 1

. FRIDAY, SepremMeer 8, 1738, FrHE New-Hampthire {Z; Advices Comsainivg she Brobeh 7 fl our laft wegave an Accouat of the Ifland of Cape- " Breton, &c.—As the Vaine of that Place cannot A2 too well inculcated in the Minds of Britons, lwe hope our Readers will not think the following “ iCamputation, tho’ long, tedions or improper, 4 ation of the Adwantage of the Frexcn Fisq- .,1?:: :'n the B{z-nh of Newfoundland, Acadia, Cape- " WRreton, EFc.~~as it was carried on by the French, ) 0 ; o sk gaking of Louifbourg ; by General Pep- a/f1E knowledge which the Fremch had of the great benfit of the Fithery, and the hopes of one time or other mono- polizing it, made them take fuch inde- fatiflble and indire& means, the laf far, ocure, by dint of maney, a neutrality for this rade, jhat they might vie with us in profecuting their Moyags unmolefted, as long as the war thobld laft ; el\l s 4 the ‘peace, ftuck at no terms to obtain Cape- Bretoito themfelves. And they had no fooner ef- "feftedit, but immediately they began to fettle in ‘this ifand.” A new colony was fet on foot, to confift 5i~&férmen only, and encouragement given, forts, '#5°, built, and a town garrifon’d to prote& them. whole nation feeitied to have their eyes on the ‘gimsd, (0420 T+ was pedpled more and more yearly ; tfitt iffitry -Hou: ithed fo faft, ‘that they could and G a%ord-1p undek fell us at foreign markets. For vie proteiion of this trade, they had annually fhips of wak feit them Fom Franceto vifit and {upply them, /1% orders ¢4 prute® and defend nat only their fea- 2ot bt ¢ seit veliels on the banks of Neawfeundland, ¢’ v¢ thema = Ivilege of fithing almoft where d; u Whi | they gradually increafed fo, e rear.i73e, | then the Le Fleuron and Bril - o of gheis men of war, were order’d on this L« margais Le Ja Maifon Fert, who came " hig jow aal thus remarks’s “L0 . \OTRG is a good port, and a fafe ha¥- “hent , sadwill be fufficiently provided againft } ;gehiptflmade on the fame, when the for- +ications (alout which they inceffantly labour) fhall be compleated, More than an hundred vef- 4 {els from Frouce arrive every year in this harbour ¥ (cfih, and m&e fith of the cod which they eatch 4 in {mall craft ofthe country, and after put into lar- ¥ ger veflels, whe® they falt them, and dry them, ¢ from the B=gionng of Fzne to Oftober ; when they " alf get ready to deyart,each one for his affigned port. s This ifland.prodcies fome grain : but though there ¥ ufc more than ford thoufznd inhabitants, they find " their #ccount muc dbetter in fithing than in hofban- * dry ;/@nd confequegly the land lies walte, they pro- * curing all neceflaric§ by their fith. " This fufficiently ¢ onfi\rat:s the expelation of the French from this folory, what encouragement it had, how fat it grew, and how greatly beneficial it muft have been in annberdf years more,to France, from whenge they muf of receflity have every ne- ‘ceflary of “Iife whatfoever, a&d ‘pay for them out of is filhery, as the macquis jully obferves. Accord- g to thebeft accounts from) thofe who have been ye- witnefles of part of it, axd from the captains, c. of their fhips, at differentioccafional converfati- ns, it appears that from the {ltait of Canfo down a- ng thore to Lowifbourg, and dom thence to the N. £. part of Cape Breton, there gere yearly employed at lealt 5oo fhallops. Thefe kequir'd at fea, ard gn fhore 5 men cach ; which jmount to 2500 men : %ng 60 brigantines, fchooners, pnd floops, each of 15 en’; making goo more : in gl 3400. : Allow thefe 500 fhallops tgicatch 300 quintals of {h each in the fummer feafcs ; and the Go brigs, ooners, &%, ¢ach 600 quirtals, there is made at Cape Breton annually of fith 186000 quintals. . Now, to carry this fifh to Zurope, to market, theré muft be employed 93 fail of hips, of the burthen of 2000 quintals each, one with the other : and each ©of thefe thips have at leaft 20 men, which are 1860 feamen. Thefe, added to the 3400 above, make 260 men, employed at Cape Breton only in the fithery. At Gafpe, Quadre, and other harbours, there are 6 fhips yearly from France mann’d to catch their own cargoes in fhallops, which they haul up and Jeave in the couatry every winter, ’till they return the next {pring ; for thefe, one with another, may ke allow'd 60 hands. From S¢t. Maloes and Gran- wille they have at leaft 300 {ail of thefe fhips ia this At Powon Balyie G ! fihery, who fith at Petir Nord, Fifpanee, “Belle Iz, and_the Gulph ; which will, alf computed as abave (all8wing thofe thips, that fo come Bat td. make their own voyages, to Crfy each 3000 quintals)ibe &s follows : : Ships. Men, Quintale, At Cape. Bredor 93 ¥ 260 186,000 At Gafpe 6 360 18,000 At .leairg : 6. 360 18,000 v toa. 180 Y2600 24520 1149,000 & ¥y At Les Trois Ifles 3 4 §t. Maloes, &c. 360 9,000 990,000 e e 414 Befides feveral fhiBs from S¢. Feax de Lvz, Bayonne, Nantz, Havre de Grace, &e. which go annaally into thefe parts on the fame voyage. There have z2lfo been conftantly fent from the River Sendre, Olune, Poiteuzx, Hawre, &c. 150 fhips at lealt, the French fay zoo fail employ'd in the mud.-fithery, or morz- weft (as they call it) from 16 to 24 men eaeh : which carry home,upon an average, from 22,000 to 30,000 fith in number ; which make, on the moft moderate eftimate, 150 fail of fhips ; and, on a medium, 20 men each,are 3000 men, and in the whole 3,900,000 fithes in tale. Thefe fhips are fitted out in France for their voyages on the Banks, and there tarry ‘till they are laden ; unlefs they meet with any accident or Difturbance : In which cafe they refort to Cape- Breton for fhelter or {upplies, as they had no other ore. F In regard to the va'ue of this branch of trade, it is neceflary to obferve, that there is hereby produced 2 large quantity of train-oil ; which France has al- ways an immediate demaod for at homs, for their woolen manufa&ures, lamps, £c. and with which alfo their {ugar colanies, thai canlgdewith vyt it, are yearly fupply’d. Itis certainly well known that they -gither do, or may =t leaft, make one hogfhead of fixty gallons of oil, ¢lear drawn off from the blubber, out, of every hundred quintals of fif, which out of the whole quantity of filh befsrementioned, will produce 11,490 hogtheads of oil. And allowing that 4000 fithes in number are equal fo 100 quintals, when cured, then the 3,900,000 md fith, by the {ame rule, wiil yield g75 hogfh¢ads of oil. Which added to the other make {2,465 hogfeads of train- oil, which are equal to 3116 tons and a quarter, Now, let the T1490060 quintal: Vi i of fith be valued only at 104, fterl. per quintal, the primkt coft ufuaily PRGSO 8 at Neawfoundland, and it is worth And, to this, allow 3. flerl. freight per quintal of it, in Englilb 172350 © bottoms, to market. 746850 o —— And then the fith only is worth And let the 3116 and Qr. tons of oil be'valued at 18/. flerl. per ton, the amount of it is Astothe mud fifh, itis generally foid in France at 1000 livres per 1000 fith ; and then at 114d. fterl. ger livre, their value is : And thus it appears that one ) ———— year’s filhery of the French only 981692 10 is worth fterl. - And this great branck. of trade, in a manner, de- pended entirely on their pofleflion of the ifland of Cape-Breton. A vaft-advantage alfo accrues to the French Woollen Manufafture, in which alfo they have been vying with us, and have now brought that trade to fuch a pitch s to carry it all over, not only their own dominions (forimerly obliged to #s for fine cloaths) but to a great advantage into Jtaly, Spain and Turkey, ever to the great detriment of Exgland 5 for, allowing thdt, every man beforementioned in the fithery, in his blanket, watch coat, and rug, pea jacket, &Fc. confumes of thefe coarfer woollens 30s. fterl. per ann. their confumption wiil be 41250/, fterl. which, had we the whole fithery to ourfelves, muft of courle be of our own manufallure. But, befides this, due confideration muft be had to canvas, cordage, hooks, lines, twine, ncts, lead, nails, {piles, edge. tools, graplins, anchors, &Fc. &5, that 564 fhips, and the fhalleps to fifh for them, muft expend at fea and on fhore : and allow all thefe to be Britifb, and the immediate valne of this branch g6ogz 10 178750 © GAZETTE Foreign and_ Domefick. XY 006 NumB. tor, of trade to England, could ée (or.rather wwonld fbe) keep it ta herfeif, will appear of greater confequence .than any other (not even excepting Tobacco) depen- dent oo the plantations. Thus, fuppofing the French entirely excluded this fifhery, as muft be the cafe, if England keeps Cape- Breton, and allows them no longer any privilege at Neasfoundland, the whole papal empire muft then de- pend on. ug folely for this dry fith, which, as thee <an"i do without it, will give us almoft the wholy trade of the Mediterranean 3 and all the other nati- onal advantages that muft arife from it. The ac- quifition, therefore, of Cape Breton, unpeopling the French colony there, and reducing the garrifons to his majefly’s obedience (which muft give us ali the reft) is of itfelf a {uflicient compenfation for the awar ; and will be {o allow’d by ail concerned in trade. _ But, befides the national advantage by the fithery; ~=by the redulion of Cape Bretori, and an Englith garrifon there, France has not any one fea port for the relief of their trading thips, either -to or from the Eafi ot Wefi-Indies, open o them any where in Nerth America, to the northward of the river Mi/ifip- ?i. For Quebe is not to be look’d upon as an o- pen _port to the fea ; it being 60 or 70 leagues with- in land, thro’ the Gulph, to the mouth of the river ; and then a great deal further up the river. $o that it is impraicable to thiok of going thither for fhet ter : and of confequence the whole trade to and from the Wefi Indies, &c. will be not only expofed to our privateers from the northern colonies in war time, without any place to retreat to, but even in peaca without any fea port they can cali their. own, or lay any pretenfions to, in thefe feas, any where to the worthward of Mififippi, as above faid. ~ And as to Quebec itfelf,—the river is new {o much under our command, as well as the gulph, thatall trade there may e very eailiy ftopped, and all com- munication cut off from them by our fhips imsnd out of Cape Breton. So that (without force or arms) in a very few years that colony will fall, and the . whole trade of furrs, carried on with the Jndiars there, come into the Englifs hands, as Camada may be kept unable to . fupply or furnith them. Buta happier confequence than this will be, that, as they may be kept from fupplying the /ndiams to trade, {o alfo from encouraging them to anaoy our frontiers and they (the Indians) even mult become obliged to and dependant upon us ; fo that we fhall wot be in fuch continual apprehenfions of their hoftilities, bt rather may have them in as much {ubjeétion to ui'as they have been to the French. o To all that is faid before in regard to Cape Breros Jet it be added, that by this acquifition we have fe- cured to the nation the garrilon of Annapolis Royal, and the colony of Nowa Scotia. Which being a very rich and fertile foil, and its coafts and rivers abound ~ ing with fith, and fettled by French catholigks, that nation has much regretted the lofs of, and endeavour- ed to retake, by laying fiege to Annapolis, both in ;the year 1744, and- 1745 ; and would have got it, had it not been for our expedition to Cape Breton, whichcaufed them to raife their fiege and withdraw, And by our holding Cape Breton, we {Ball keep thofis French inhabitants at dcadia in ftrict allegiance to his majefty, or elfe oblige them to quit their poffeffions 3 which are all Farms, brought to and fit for any fers vice immediately. This will be an encouragement to our own {ubjeds to g0 and fettle there ; and alfo oblige the Cape Sable Indians, our enemies, either to abandon that thore, or fly to Canada for fuch fhelter and f{upply as they can get there, By the fama means we fhall get rid alfo of the Sz. Joba's tribe, which have been always troublefome to us ; as both thefe tribes have had their dependencies: entirely on Cape Breton and the French of dcadia. Had we not taken Cape Breton in 1745, and the French had taken Amnapolis (which it’s not difputed they would have done, had we been idle) the con- fequence then would have been :~~All the Iohabi- tants of Nowa Scotia would bhave declared for the French king immediately, and the colony at once been eftablithed to him. = .And all the Cape Sable and St. Jobn's Indians, who aflifted at the fiege of dnna - * polis with thofe of Canada, wou!d have been well fopply’d with arms, ammunition, &¢. and let loofe upon ofir frontiers : -and their fuccefs have fo difpi- rited even thofe other tribes that pretend to be at peace with us, that they muft bave joined with ‘hem:i ; 3 An