New Britain Herald Newspaper, November 28, 1928, Page 11

» GOAL IS BOTTLED SUNLIGHT OF YEARS " Lats Dlscolery Is of Deposits in Morocco Washington, D. C., Nov. 28— “Discovery by French engineers o large deposits ot coal in Morocco may write that country’s name un- expectedly large on the future in- dustrial maps of the world,” s2ys & bulletin from the Washington, D, C. headquarters of the National Geographic Society. “Africa_has always been claased with South America as the poorest of the continents in coal deposits, continues the bulletin, ‘*and likell- hood of considerable industrial de- velopment in the fields dependent on fuel seemed limited to the neighborhood of the few small coal beds in Natal and Transvaal, South Africa. Bountiful to Great Britain “What coal means in the develop- ment of a country can beat be un- derstood perhaps by considering the case of Great Britain, but somé- thing of the importance of this fuel in the life of the entire modern world can be visualized easily enough by any American in sight of the trail of smoke left by a railway train or a steamship, or who can look upon a factory ghimney or even a radiator, “Nature's coal gifts to Great Brit- ain were more bountiful than to any other European country; and it was In Scotland and England that Europe first saaw the utilization of these ‘black rocks' on a considerable scale, It is believed that the smiths of ancient Greece used small quan- tities of coal in their forges, but lat- er the fuel apparently dropped from use. The Roman legions in England burned coal in their camp fires, but do not seem to have introduced the fuei into Rome. “For the next 500 years coal was hardly mentioned in the records; but in 852 A. D. it was being used as fuel in several British monaster- “ ies. The first charter to mine coal in Great Britain was issued in Scot- land in 1239, and 30 years later the fuel was being shipped to London in steady though small quantities by the monks of Tynemouth. But the use of this fuel did not spread rap- idly to the rest of Europe. It was in 1295 that Marco Polo came back to Venice from China and astounded the Venetlans with the assertion that the Chinese burned ‘black rocks.’ Engine Boomed Mining “During the mext few centuries the use of coal for household heat- ing and cooking and by smiths and other small industrialists grew steadily in England and Scotland and mine after mine was opened and’ worked in crude fashion. But it was not until after the invention of the steam engine in 1784 that coal mining became a great key in- dustry. The effect of this new de- vice was two-fold. On the one hand it made possible the pumping of wa- ter from the minea and the easy rajsing of coal to the surface from even the deepest workings. On the other hand it muitiplied the fires to he fed with coal and so greatly stimulated the demand for the fuel, not only in Great Britain, but all over Europe and in America and Australia. “Today, especially in the temper- ate zones, coal is the staff of life for industry and our particular type of civilization as truly as bread is the staff of our bedily life. Coal's contribution to transportation is ap- parent enough, but some of its oth- - er vital services are not so evident. As a matter of fact nothing like our life in great cities could have de- veloped under our climatic condi- tions but for the warmth given by coal. It was simple enough in the log cabin, village, and manor-house days to maintain warmth in wintet by burning wood; but one can hard- ly imagine huge modern skyscrapers and theaters as well as city homes heated solely by wood, even if our forests could supply the millions of cords of logs necessary. “So it is with light. Modern street lighting, and the lighting of office buildings and dwellings could not be carried on but for gas or electricit | also supplies much of the | part of the old wall of the Bank of | England collapsed today. The crash and hoth imply in most cases the burning of coal or a coul product. New Chemical World “Coal in large part makes the! construction of our buildings possi- | ble. Tt bakes bricks, burns lime and cement, and enters into the manu- facture of steel. It melts glass and | smelts copper; and’its pitch water- proofs our cellars and covers our roofs. “The distillation of coal opened up | i & whole new chemical world. Thou- sands of new chemical compounds have been built up from substances distilled out of a lump of coal—all the colors of the spectrum to en bellish our cothes and draper} and ornaments; powerful explosive: fertilizers; oils and fuels; a sweeten- er for our foods: a gas for our bal- loons; and invaluable substances for use by the sanitary engineer, the ‘surgeon, and the physician. “What is coal? It is stored up suntight. Wher: we burn coal to Leat our homes today we are in ef- fect ‘uncorking’ the warmth of the <un that streamed down on our world a million or more years ago. The sunlight became ‘bottled,’ as it does today. by causing the growth of vegetation into woody fiber. Ac- cording to the most widely accepted theory, this vegetable matter—the trunks, twigs, leaves and fruits of trees and smaller plants—fell into water and muck which preserved it from decay. Millions of Years Ol “Later the beds of vegetable ma- terial were covered by mud and sana and underwent chemical alteration under pressure, gradually changing to the substance we call coal. Un- der the microscope, the imprints of ' leaves and the existence of ‘woody fiber can be found today in some specimens of coal. The type, or what is technically called the ‘rank’ of coal, depends on the amount of chemical change that has taken place. Peat is the beginning of coat; | lignite or brown coal has progressed further in the concentration of car- bon; in soft coal the original vege- table matter has changed #till more; while 'n anthracite. coal of the Mghest ‘rank’ has heen reached. While the calendars of the short session of the seventieth congress contain many unsolved i problems, much fireworks is not anticipated, barring, unexpected developments. Muscle Shoals, Boulder dam and farm relief are among the left-over issues to come up for considerstion when Speaker Longworth (left) in the house and Vice President Dawes (right) in the senate set the legislative machinery in action December 8. The Kellogg peace pact, up for senate con- firmation, is among the most formidable new problems. “The true coal that the World‘ uses today was laid down probably millions of years ago, It was form- erly believed that the vegetable mat- ter accumulated as a result of rank growth in a hot, steamy climate. More recently the view has been advanced that climatic conditions during the deposit of coal materials were only a little milder than at present. This mild climate was prob- ably world wide, as the presence of large coal beds in the polar regions seems to indicate. Coal materials @re accumulating today in every peat-bog and in many swamps. Many of the peat-bogs are in re- latively high latitudes. U. S, Leads World “In total known coal deposits, the United States leads all the world. It is probable, in fact, that this country has more than half of the world’s coal. It also leads all other countries in the amounts mined and consumed annually. China ranks next in coal supplies, but her vast stores of potential energy have not vet been utilized to any great ex- tent. Great Britain has large sup- plies of coal, especially in relation to her area. “One important economic factor that has served to give Great Brit- ain an almost unbreakable hold on the overseas coal trade is that her mines lie within a few miles of salt water. Another factor is that Great Britain's exports are chjefly of rclatively light manufactured goods which makes it profitable for the same ships to carry coal as bal- last. On return trips the ships carry relatively heavy raw materials. As a result Great Britain haglong held the coal trade of the coasts of the Baltic, I"rance, Spain, and many of the Mediterranean countries, and coal im- ported into South America.” Bank of England Wall Falls; Man Is Killed London, Nov. 28 (®#—One work- mapn was killed and three others in- juréd and sent to a hospital when a came while workmen were demolish- ing the old wall to make way for the new bank building, in Threadneedle | street. Immediately after the accident all | entrances to the bullding were placed under guard and no details of the occurrence were given out. Workmen were informed .that strict sccrecy must be maintained. The regular work of the banking | iustitution was not affected as the various departments have been oper- ating In other quarters since rebuild- | Violates Prohibition Law; Sentenced to Life London, Nov. 28 (UP)—The Daily Mail's Warsaw correspondent re- ported that a violent cannonade was he#rd today in the direction of the Soviet frontier. The outburst of artillery was heard in the Vilna dis- trict. It was reported that white Rus- sian insurgents Had assassinated nu- merous communists and also that peasants had killed many Soviet of- ficials in the cities of Novie and Gargow. WARN WHEAT GROWERS Washington, Nov. 28 (#—The de- partment of agriculture today warned growers who use baskets which are illegal under the standard contalner act of 1928 that all such baskets must be disposed of before November 1, 1929. The department said the law, passed by the last con- gress, applies to both intra and in- ter-state commerce, and suggested growers regulate their purchases so as to eliminate non-standard baskets. PLANE EXHIBIT Chicago. Nov. 28 (M—What the well-equipped aviator will fly in next year is arriving here this week for exhibition at the International Aero- nautical exposition from December 1 to 8. More than 25 of the 80 types | ot aircraft to be displayed already have arrived. It was necessary to remove a part of ome wall of the old coliseum to aliow some of the planes an en- trance. Cod liver oll is rich in vitamins A snd D. FOREIGN PLAN IN GERMANY FAILURE Loses Control on Important Real Property Washington, Nov. 28 (®—In spite of the long and grievous period of depression that Germany had to un- dergo after losing the war, it now is apparent that her industrial and economic recovery is being achiev- ed without a sacrifice of her inter- ral property to foreigners. There were years after when the German mark — unit of the country's currency — was de- preciated to fantastic figures, and there is a common notion in finan- cial circles that foreign capitalists, taking advantage of this deprecia- tion, has established large owner- ships of real property and securl- ties inside the Reich. This situation the American commerce department brought un- der investigation and the results indicate that Germans in spite of all difficulty managed to avert that danger in spite of the sore straits they underwent. American Consul Conger Reynolds at Stuttgart di- rected the inquity and the final re- sult disclosed the triviality of for- eign ownerships ing the period. In all of Germany, the consul found, 1,412 pleces of city property and 273 farms were the total that actually went into foreign hands between 1919 and 1923. Sincr 1923 a large number of these have been sold back to Germans and the process is continuing. The cmall- ress of the foreign intervention Is further illustrated by the fact that in Germany in an average year some 60,000 lots of real estate or- ! dinarily change hands. Considerably more foreign money® ¢;om Buenos Alres. went into mortgages on real es- | tute, but the laws re-establishing a new mark currency prevented these from becoming actual own- erships under foreclosure. The fact is that more money from abroad has been going into Germany since the currency re-establishment thar during the period of crisis. The real jmport of foreign capi- tal charges against Germany has 2lso been culty character. From the States the borrowings of ment funds have been running to huge organizations and German state governments. Nothwithstanding, TUhnited | these dcbts, terest burden, carry hardly the 4 avann 1919 | established dur-! of a post-currency diffi- | slightest character of ownership. Most of them mean the building up of new property values in which the German equity is clear and in which the earning power means in- ‘come to German interests that in most cases will eventually pay ot | the liabilities and leave the wealth clear, . All in all, Germany's property |and business structure remains i German in ownership and manage | ment and is likely to be clear even of forelgn debts in a generation, ARGENTINE WAITS WORD ABOUT HOOVER Delays Detalls of Entertainment Un- til Hearing Whether Visit Is Personal or Official. Buenos Aires, Nov. 28 (P—The Argentine government is awaiting word as to whether Herbert Hoover is travelling in an official or personal capaeity, before arranging details of ithe program for his entertainment here. | President Yrigoyen conferred yes- terday with Robert W. Bliss, United States ambassador. He asked Mr. Bliss about the exact character of the Hoover journey and the latter | told the president that he had no officlal notification, but that he would consult Washington on lhe | point. ‘Mr.,Bliss pointed out that in puhll(‘ declarations Mr. Hoover had sald that he was coming without official standing, his trip being the result of a desire to pay courtesy calls on neighboring countries so that he might become acquainted with the nings. Hiy great luck came a few years later when he invented a cigaret-making machine which soon brought him more than $500,000 profit. For some years an American cit- lxen, Baron then went to England. CHARITY BENEFITS BY QUEER CONTEST Principals Are Lord Woolaving- ‘ VIOLENT STORM Constantinople, Nov. 28 (UP)—A violent storm was raging across the Anatolia peninsular today. Com- munications were disrupted and ex- ton and Bernbard Baron . tensive damage had been done to London, Nov. 28 (®—A SBcotch- |shipping in the port of Constanti- man and a Jew are running a close nople, race in giving money to charity in England. The principals are Lord Woola- | vington, the Scotch whisky distill- er, and Bernhard Baron, the Jewish cigaret maker, who won his for- tune in the United States and came to England to increase it. Baron's recent gift of $2,500,000 for the establishment of a trust fund for orphans and crippled chil- dren has been followed quickly by a gift of $875,000 to charity on the part of Lord Woolavington. Altogether the total of Baron's benefactions is about $10,000,000, He has probably given away more money than Woolavington but his lordship is “one up” on Baron when it comes to playing the. fairy god- father. When Woolavington discovered his deceased brother's two daugh- ters living In Janesville, Wis., one working as a factory typist, he in- vited Catherine and Jean Buchanan to a holiday in London. Accompany- ing his invitation was a check for rew clothes and transportation ex- penses. Afterward, in best story book style, Lord Woolavington made a settlement wupon them which will provide handsomely for their future. Woolavington was formerly Sir James Buchanan. He has twice won the Derby—with Captain Scut- tle in 1922 and with Coronach in 1928, Bernhard Baron's life has been described as a cigaret-maker's ro- mante. Many years ago, after leav- |ing Russia ard spending many years of hard work in America, he adopted England as his homeland. He has built up here one of the greatest tobaccd firms in the world. He will be 78 years old December 8. On that day the first distribu- tion will be made from the $2.500,- 000 he has handed over to a trust, of which the Marquese of Reading is to be chairman. One who has known worst and hardest, Baron preaches a gospel now to make life for others as good as it can be. His birthday gift to his thousand employees at the new plant in the Hampstead road is usually a full week's pay, Somietimes there is a further little gift. “I have tried to be a good em- | ployer,” he says. *“T know myself what it 18 to work for the other kind. I like to think my firm is the i happlest in England. Anything | that T have been able to do for those who work for me has added to my own happiness.” Baron does not often speak of his hard boyhood {n Russia and his | early struggles as a young man in the United States. He was about 15 when he left the country of his birth. He began in the States by | making cigarets by hand — and selling them himself. Clgaret smoking was then in its begin- The African elephant has not den since the time of the Caesars. L i WINTER! Skating . . winds . . - Box Toe Shoe Skates It's the way skates perts in this line, now, Super X shells that Scrapers, Coal Hods. Collins’ Axes and Buck cutting tools, D TOYS! life at fits real reasonable. been used by man as a beast of bur- | . Ducks flying . Ice . . .Snow . .. Ashes . . . Wood to saw and chop— WE'RE READY, ARE YOU? The better kind with red flannel lining. Rink skates with spiked tips and others. makes skating a pleasure. We have ex- Bring your skates in Stevens and Winchester Guns Home Comfort Weatherstrip Any one can apply it. A few tacks and a hammer is all that 1s necessary. per and felt strip too. Snow Pushers, Shovels, Ice Choppers and Ash Barrels, Sifters, Furnace Scoops and Plenty of exercise with these fine keen Don’t forget to see the line of better toys that we have on display. The prices are ENGLISH COUNTRYSIDE YICTIM OF YANDALISM | Attempt (0 e Made to Stop De- struction of Rural Beautles By Signbo.rds London, Nov. 28 UP—A “Galley of | | Horrors™ — 500 pictures showing modern vandalism of FEngland's | beautiful countryside—is to be sent ion tour through the country in an | | effort to stop the destruction of nat- | ! 1 rural beauty. | The photographs sl ~v how bad | jarchitecture, ugly highways, un-| . Freezing Well, the st sightly signboards and garish filling stations along the roads are chang- ing the face of England. A national ference, on the preservation of the countryside drew attention td' the destruction of many beauty spots. HAWAIIAN VOLCANO RESTLESS Hilo, Island of Hawaii, T. H., ® —Halemaumau pit of Kilauea vol- cano, 30 miles from here, may be- come active soon. in the opinion of Dr. Thomas A. Jaggar, jr., director !of the volcano observatory and in- ternationally known volcanist. The average length of life te a business man is said to be two-thirds that of a farmer, ’«?!‘,tf cF 1T e T aF CF BN NS 3 ™. \1“"5& Goop HARDWARE .SINceE 1801 PP R PR P PRI TR SIS SR BI S 49 a young lady came into ore the other day and wanted to buy a hammer. While 1 was “Why, hamm are sharpened that but th than what's in them. I was the real hunters use. and I hardw: same week. Cop- showing her one she said, Mr. Mills, T can buy a er down the street for forty-five cents that looks just like this.” and told her so and added that they counterfeit dollar bills, too. I wasn't surprised ey're not worth any mor¢ Well, a wrapping it up, she was poking around in this and that. thought it would be a good time to tell her that Mills' are store also had the prices every day in the Not special prices on Saturday and higher ones on the other days. have bought the additional can Whether she would of paint and brush I don't know, hut it is something so unusual in these days that it's worth talking about. understand the justification of low prices on Saturday. Saws I never could How does the Monday buyer feel? TNl give cle in e the best five dollar arti- my store to anybody who will write and convince me that T have been wrong for 37 years policy of PRICE ALWAYS [ in my ONE Enjoy Thanksgiving and come in Friday or call us. Your order will be delivered AT A POPULAR PRICE THE BOSCH RADIO people and find means to facllltate future good will Montevideo, Uruguay. Nov. —The government here has curtailed its entertalnment program for Her- bert Hoover to fit the fact that he ,will be in the city only part of the dAy on December 12 when he arrives | pisteguy will greet the visitor per- sonally and receive him with official honors. There will be a reception in the presidential palace, followed by a review of garrison troops. A banquet will be served at noon an then Mr. Hoover and his party will be taken on an automohile tour of | Montevideo. DENTISTS MEET DEC. 6 Dr. John F. Keaveny. secretary of i the New Britain Dental soclety, an- | tnvest- |nounced today that Drs. William T.! | Morrissey and Arthur J. S8avard will | speak at the next meeting of the so- | ciety, which takes place Decembe. 6, at the Elihu Burritt hotel. | though they may represent an in-| :RE.\D HERALD CLASSIFIED AD§ ke éxperienced Yraveler ak Line” qoes Once you have known the luzury and delight of ocean voyaging, you are forever spoiled for tire- some and uneve is that you find 50 many gl con! the Savannah Line. . Thus it -trotters, when templating a trip South, booking passage on Three times s week a large, modern Sevannsh Liner sails with a full passenger list bound for the Florida resorts. The service, the cuisine, the comfortable state- -n&-redulhmmdlhmnm rooms with hot and cold running water, are the same ships. There is the same dancing and deck games. company for brid And even should you care to gote the medorate additionsl of a cabin de iuse withtwin beds enc private beth, find that the trip costs you less than goiag by rail. For information apply OCEAN STEAMSHIP CO. of SAVANNAH, Suite 206, 531 Fifth Ave., or Pier 30, North River, New York—or neerest touriot agoncy. The Koute 2 Samnnah Line de Luse 1o Tlorida 23 o | President Cam- | EXCLUSIVE IN QUALITY MODEL 166—7-Tube Table Model Complete with Tubes and Speaker— Nothing else to buy TABLE MODEL—8-Tube Set Complete with Tubes and Bosch Speaker '185 CONSOLE 28A Complete with Tubes and Magnetic Speaker '220 Compare the Beauty FREE TRIAL! Anderson 163 ARCH ST. CONSOLE Model 29B and Super Dynamic Speaker, complete with Tnbes ABSOLUTELY THE LATEST IN RADIO NONE BETTER AT ANY PRICE PHONE FOR DEMONSTRATION Electric C PHONE 519