New Britain Herald Newspaper, September 7, 1928, Page 14

Washington, D. C., Sept. 7—The reported discovery among ble mountains ef Peru a previously un- Tecalls the finding of this type, Machu from Machu Picchu on a high Andean Peruvian acientists, with the aid ef streng fleld glasses, ob- taiped, & few weeks ago, their first clues of the existence of the newly |. 4 ruins. hu Plcchu was discovered in 1911 by an expedition sent out by the National Geographic society and Yale University, and led by Hiram Bingham, now United States sena- tor from Conmnecticut. A bulletin from the Washington, D. C., head- quarters of the society describes Machu Picchu as follows: Defended by Nature *“Machu Picchu was essentially a city of refuge. It is perched on & mountain top in the most inac- cessible corner of the most inacces- sible section of the Urubamba river. Apparently there is no part of the Andes that has been better defend- ed by nature. “A stupendous canyon, Where the principal rock is granite and where the precipices are frequently over 1,000 feet sheer, present difficulties of attack and facilities for defehe | second to none. Here on a narrow ridge, flanked on all =des by preci- pitous or nearly precipitous slopes, & highly ecivilized people—artistic, inventive, ‘and capablc of sustained ,endeavor—at some time in the re- mote past built themselves a city of refuge. “Since they had no iron or steel tools—only stone hammers—Ns con- struction must have cost many gen- erations, if not centuries, of effort. Signal Station on Peak “Across the ridge, and defending the bullders from attack on the side of the main mountain range, they constructed two walls. One of them constituting the outer line of de- fense, leads from precipice to preci- pica, utllizing as best it can the na- tural steepness of the hill. “Beyond this, and on top of the| mountain called Machu Picchu, which overlooks the valley from the very summit of one of the most stu- pendous precipices in the canyon, s constructed a signal station, fwom which the approach of an enemy could be i tly communicated to the city below. Within the outer wall they constructed an extensive series of agricultural terraces, stone lined and averaging about 8 feet high. Between these and the city is & steep, dry moat and the inmner w all, “Inside the city the houses are crowded . close together, but an ex- tensive system of narrow streets and rock-hewn stairways made in- tercommunication comfortable and easy, Many Stairways “On entering the city, perhaps the first characteristic that strikes one is that & large majority of the houses were tory and a half in sable cylindrical blocks projecting out from the house in such a way as to suggest the idea of the ends of the rafters. The wooden rafters have all disappeared, but the ring stones to which they were tied may still be seen. “The next most conspicuous fea- ture of Machu Picchu is the quan- tity of stairways, there being over 100, large and small, within the city. Some of them have more than 150 steps, while others have but 3 or 4. In some cases each step is a single block of stone 3 or 4 feet wide. In others the entire stairway—6, 8 or 10 steps, as the case might be—was cut out of a single granite boulder. “Again, the stairway would seem almost fantastic, being so narrow and wedged in betwgen two boulders 80 close together that it would have been impossible for a fat man to use the stairway at all. In no case ‘were the stairways intended for or- nament. In every case they are useful in getting to a location oth- erwise difficult of access. Cause of Abandonment, “The largest level space in the city was carefully graded and ter- raced, 80 as to be used for agricul- tural purposes, on the products of which the inhabitants could fall back for a time in case of a siege. “It seems probable that one rea- son why the city was deserted was a change in climate, resulting in scarcity of water supply. At the present time there arg only three small springs on the mountainside, and in the dry season these could barely furnish water enough for cooking and drinking purposes for 40 or 50 people. There could never have been very much water here, for the azequias, or water channels, are very narrow, being generally less |than 4 inches in width. “Possibly the most interesting conclusion brought out as a result of clearing and excavavting in the city is that it was at one time di- vided into wards or clan groups. Eac¢h one of these groups has but one entrance, a gateway furnished with the means of being solidly fas- tened on the inside. None of the doors to houses or temples has this locking device, but all the entrances to the clan groups have it, and the | same device occurs in the princial gate to the city.” {Historical Relics Are Preserved in Peking Shanghal, Sept. T7.—(®—Peking, once the proud capital of China but now subject to the authority of Nanking, is not to lose all its historic relics if the nationalists keep con- trol. The nationalists have ordered that all objects of historical value in Peking, including buildings of almost every kind, be protected by soldiers until the natiopalists have an op- portunity to permanently provide for the objects of interest. Peking i1s crowded with buildings varying in age frogm a few to hun- dreds of years, Most prominent among them is the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City itself, which was formerly the home of the emperors. Many of these buildings are in bad repair, but the nationalists promise to restore them for the benefit of Chinese and also for tourists, In Winnipeg, Canada, out of a population of 191,996 only 37,181 were born in foreign countries. AMERIGAN INDIANS SACRIFIGED YOUN Finding of Body of Princess [e- " dicates This Fact Avalon, Santa Catalina Island, Cal. 8épt. 7 UP—An attempt to follow ancient trails to the long-lost island temple of Chinigchinich, the Sun God, has resulted instead in the dis- covery of the burial place of & small Indian princess of 3,000 years ugo and evidence indicating that child sacrifices were made in whole- sale fashion by tribes of the Chan- nel Islands, off the coast of Cali- fornia. Within a stone urh weighing 134 pounds and fashioned as skillfully as though by modern tools instead | of primitive implements was found the skeleton of ‘an Indian girl be- tween five and seven years. Her hands apparently had clutched the rim of the urn, whose rich orna- mentation of wampum bespeaks her royal lineage. In a circle with the urn as a cen- ter were counted by Prof. Ralph Glidden, curator of the Catalina museum of Channel Island Indians, the skeletons of 64 children buried in tiers four ‘deep with small heads touching each other. Beneath them was the skeleton of a seven-foot man. A spear blade still was fixed in the ribs, - The sand within the funeral urn had the appearance of ground crys- tal—apparently, according to the discoverer, a sacred sand used in the burial of Indian royalty—and was far’ different from that which had sifted over the graves of the other children, These finds as well as a wealth of obsidian knives, spear points and arrow heads and hundreds of other articles of wampum-inlaid stone and boneé have provided material over which Glidden has puzzzled since he discovered them. One thin piece of slate he be- leves to be a stone map, holes hav- ing been drilled to indicate trails to the four main burying grounds on | with only 100 barrels of oil a day. Touraine (offee Reigns' supreme where fine hospitality is studied you might as well have the best den said, “that the strange child hunu with- in the urn and thoee surrounding it ' were the result of a natural death | of a little girl of high rank and the slaying of her 64 attendants and playmates with he: may have been killed in some re- ligious ceremonial rite. It is even possible that the princess may have been given seme potion and buried alive. The way the small hands clutched the outer rim of the bowl makes this & popaibility. Wampum Inlaid tour broken ircles on the rim the urn with “gat leading to the four points of the compass lead Glidden to be- lieve that the burial place may be near the site of the temple of Chinigchinich. 0il From Pecos Wells Could Overflow River San Angelo, Texas, Sept. 7.—(P— Sixteen oil wells on the banks of the Pecos river would flood the valley if their potential flow were turned into the stream. The 16 mammoth producers, in the Yates field, have a capacity output | of 1,108,162 barrels every 24 hours. | More than one-third of the capacity i flow of the entire field s represent. ed in these 16 wells, However, pro- | duction is curtailed because of the low price of crude oil. California No. 10 {s the best well in the field. Its full flow is 124,697 barrels daily. The well with which the Yates pool was discovered Jast year began When it was drilled 18 feet deeper— down to 1,050 feet—the flow of ofl increased 500 fold. It is a shallow pool, for many oil wells in the southwest are a mile deep. ; BEEKEEPERS INSURED London, 8ept. 7.—(UP)—Pioneer Beekecpers' Assoclation does not want tode stung by people who are stung by its bees. As-a result, the association has insured its members against public lability, For about §.12 & year beekeepers | can be insured for claims up to $500. 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