The Key West Citizen Newspaper, May 18, 1954, Page 5

The World aA WASHINGTON (#—Negroes now will try to end segregation in places set up with tax funds, such as hospitals, bathing beaches, state parks and public housing. A representative of the National Assn, for the Advancement of Col- ored People (NAACP) said this effort, will be made or, a broad front. The Supreme Court yesterday paved the way for this with its landmark decision outlawing seg- regation in the public schools of the states on the ground that it violates the 14th Amendment. | That amendment says all citi- zens must be treated equally. But for 58 years, until yesterday, no court had said segregation by it- self was wrong. Since 1896 this has been the posi- tion of the court: even though Negroes were segregated, there was no violation of the 14th Amendment so long as they re- ceived treatment equal to that given whites. The 1896 doctrine was. pased on segregation in rail- road passenger cars. For years Negroes have been inching toward yesterday’s ruling by appealing to the Supreme Court against various forms of segrega- tion imposed on them. They had argued over and over, amd won case after case, that it’s a myth to think segregated Ne- groes get equal treatment with whites. But for 58 years the court has never overturned that ruling of 1896 by saying segregation of it- self is unconstitutional. It knocked out segregation on in- terstate buses and trains but lim- ited itself to saying Negroes were not getting equal treatment on segregated trains and buses. In 1950 the court said Texas and Oklahoma must let Negroes into their graduate schools but again only on the grounds that Negro graduate schools in those states were not equal to those for whites. Marilyn Monroe Returns To Work On 20th-Fox Lot HOLLYWOOD (—Marilyn Mon- roe is working again, and that’s worth a trip to Westwood any time. I ventured to the 20th-Fox lot and was told that Double-M could not be disturbed at her labors. She was in dance rehearsals “There’s No Business Like Show Business.” However, she sneaked out word that if I would wait in a small office off the rehearsal hall, she would try to see me dur- ing a break. The view was good. I watched dance director Robert Alton and Marilyn’s dance-in (corresponds to a stand-in) teaching her the num- ber. They were all wriggling to an Irying Berlin number, “After You Today By James Marlow _With the Supreme Court sticking rigidly to the doctrine of “separate but equal” laid down in the 19th century, the NAACP felt it had to move slowly in trying to get Segregation itself declared uncon- stitutional, If it had made its pitch—in the cases of the buses, trains and graduate schools—solely on the grounds that the segregation in- volved violated the 14th Amend- ment then— The court might have stuck to (the 1896 decision and thrown out the Cases on the grounds that seg- regation was not unconstitutional. So inch by inch the fight was made to Set rid of segregation by argu- ing that Jim Crow on buses, trains or graduate schools meant unequal facilities, Then a couple of years ago the NAACP, together with pet Ne- gro and white lawyers not connect- ed with it, took the big step: It asked the court to rule that segregaton of Negro children in public schools—whether or not the Schools were as good as the white children’s—was unconstitutional by its very nature. If the NAACP had lost on this gamble its efforts to wipe out seg- regation in schools might have been set back 10 to 20 years until the mood of the country and the membership of the court had changed. Yesterday’s decision — meeting the issue of segregation head on and declaring it wrong—meant the court had opened the door to one suit after another to end segrega- tion in publicly financed places. The NAACP has been anxious, for instance, to wipe out segrega- tion on public beaches. But, be- cause the court had been follow- ing the separate but equal doctrine, the NAACP had been arguing that beaches for Negroes were not the equal of beaches for whites. _ Now the organization can shift ite argument and plead that, in view of yesterday’s decision, there should be no segregated beaches, not because they are unequal, but because they are segregated, for j Get What You Want, You Don’t | Want It.” After a half-hour of this stren- uous business, she took a break and came over. She was frankly worn out and looked it. She wore blue jeans and a plunging sweater top with a bare midriff. She had not a trace of makeup and her hair was tousled. Still, she looked good. As usual when she is concen- trating on her work, her replies to questions were generally in one line. She said her hubby, Joe Di- Maggio, was in town and had been for some time. Furthermore, he will not be commuting to the East as he has been — “thank good- ness.” She said he was negotiating a TV deal that would keep him on this coast, either here or in San Francisco. He likes TV. He has no ambition to enter the movie busi- ness — “thank goodness.” He is no longer associated with the restaurant bearing his name; his brothers handle that. He manages to keep busy. I asked how come she would accept a relatively minor role in her present picture and turn down a starring role in “Pink Tights.” “Because I didn’t like the script of ‘Pink Tights,’” she replied. Students Riot RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil W— Forty-three persons were injured and 18 buses smashed as students Tampaged in Belem yesterday against a bus far increase, the Meridional New Agency reported. Authorities blamed “Communist elements” for the incident, which left the city’s 200,000 inhabitants virtually without transportation The agency said irate students overturned and smashed buses after a protest meeting against a l-eruzeiro (5%-cent) “fare boost. Thirteen persons were treated for bullet wounds and 30 for other injuries. ae eee The first foreign salute to Am- erican sovereignty was fired in the Dutch colony of St. Eustatius in the West Indies in 1776, & —_——____. \ life for its men. |Armed Forces Day Visitors See Navy Changes BEFORE—Crew members of the USS Darby show how they spent off-duty hours in cramped- looking surroundings before a modified version of the Meredith-type messhall was installed. Visitors to the ship on Armed Forces Day saw result of the Navy’s efforts to improve ship-board Major Labor Negotiations Begin Today By WLLAM A. SWARTWORTH } PTTSBURGH # — U. S. Steel; Corp. and the CO United Steel workers kick off the first major labor negotiations of 1954 today with the big union’s bargaining power weakened by a six-month- old slump in the nation’s steel industry. The talks open the USW’s new! contract drive in the basic steel industry, employing same 600,000 une 30, An estimated 190,000. steelwork- ers are idled by layoffs, an addi- tional 257,000 are working only part time and steel mill opera- tions hover around 70 per cent of national rated capacity. This leads observers to believe the union will do everything pos- sible to avoid a strike. j union. The negotiations are of national importance because: 1. U. S. Steel, the nation’s top steel producer, generally sets the pattern followed by other basic producers in their talks with the 2. The steel industry is the back- bone of the American economy. Steel prices do much to determine the over-all cost of living. It’s pos- sible that steel producers may pass any added contract costs on to the manufacturers of autos, refrigerators, stoves and the thou- sands of other articles made of steel, causing higher price tags. | 3. The USW is one of the pace makers among labor groups and other union leaders are sure to watch closely what the USW man- ages to win for its members. LETTER GIRLS—Always good for a big hand on any occasion are the letter girls who march with the Key West High School Band. The band was judged the best in the Armed Forces Day Parade Saturday—Citizen Staff Photo, Karns. NEWSPAPER FLOAT—The beautiful float of The Key West Citizen wowed spectators at the Armed Forces Day Parade. Parade was biggest in Key West history with 91 units in the line of march.—Citizen Staff Photo, Karns. Announced objectives of the USW this year are a guaranteed annual wage, a wage increase, improved hospitalization and pension plans and better terms on such contract items as overtime, vacations and holidays. David J. McDonald, union pres- ident, hasn’t disclosed how much of a pay increase the USW seeks for members: now earning between 2.14 and 2.24 an hour, Last year the union won an 8'%4-cent hourly wage raise. It is expected to settle for less this year. Premature Quads Die CHICAGO (#—Quadruplets were born within 29 minutes yesterday to Mrs. Catheririe Stenson, 32, but all died during the day. The in- fants, two boys and two girls, | ed. were 3% months premature. There are about 250,000 eleva- tors in the United States. i AFTER!—By removing all sleeping quarters and lockers and installing transoms with individual four-man tables, both messhall and recreational areas aboard the USS Darby are now vastly im- Proved. The entire color scheme of the modified Meredith-type messhall was designed by Ray- mond Lowey, noted industrial designer—Official U.S. Navy Photos. Employes Want Right To Smooch TOKYO # — Employes of a Tokyo pinball parlor are striking for—among other things—the right to pet on the job. Eleven men and three women complained also about working 13 hours daily for 9 a month, food and lodging. But their loudest howl was the} prohibition against petting. Two couples were fired for displays of affection. The owner had ruled petting on the job “detrimental to peace and order in the shop.” Although the conquering Span- iards found that the people of Peru had large numbers of emeralds, the source from which they obtain- ed them never has been discover- In 1950 three-quarters of the ba- bies born in the United States had fathers under 35 years old. IT- MEANS—S BRETT > ats Tuesday, May 18, 1954 THE KEY WEST CITIZEN 3 Flights Daily! MIAMI Convenient Connection to the North 2-5510 or your travel agent TICKET OFFICE Meacham Airport NATIONAL Altlines S4-N-3599-4 foy with someone you love? 3 costs enn Sous ‘now that the Federal Excise Tax.on Long Distance.eails has been reduced, Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Compu, IN TOUCH