The Key West Citizen Newspaper, May 10, 1954, Page 4

taauidayi draw Iie} UdeqeR moti se H b16t0% anarzis, Page 4 THE KEY WEST CIT! IZEN Monday, May 10, 1954 _ The Key West Citizen Peli lel SS paslanel and = 77 Greene Mt Atel Giro peers Cee bs Only Daily Newspaper in Key West and Monroe County z PT tt Tend Suited tk stale either L, P. ARTMAN, Editor and Publisher ....cccscccssccsensensneeee 1921 © 1954 perc Svninhina en) ast Ma dinates sadiatiaesenaatoeanszar aecesoedt leat NORMAN D. ARTMAN ...........cssensese Editor and Publisher Entered at Key West, Florid: Second Class Matter & TELEPHONES 2-5661 and 2-5662 of The Associated Press—The Associated Member entitled to use for or not otherwise lished here. Press is exclusively luction of all news dispatches credited to it in this paper, and also the local news pub- Member Associate Dailies of Florida IDES ARSE rected one \eamasi ae, te Subscription (by ¢arrier), 25¢ per week; year, $12.00; by mail, $15.60 ADVERTISING RATES MADE KNOWN ON APPLICATION ind anonymous communica’ Citizen is an open forum and invites discussion of public issu subjects of local or general interest, but it will not publish IMPROVEMENTS FOR KEY WEST ADVOCATED BY THE CITIZEN 1, More Hotels and Apartments. Fe (sn aap Pavilion. Sea. Airports—Land 4. Consolidation of County and City Governments. 5. Community Auditorium. F. B. I's ANNUAL CRIME REPORT ‘ Disturbing news comes from the F. B. I. in its annual crime report bulletin covering the period January-Decem- ber, 1953. Both the number of crimes committed and the percentage of crimes in relation to the population con- tinue to increase. The F. B. I. reports there were an estimated 2,159,- 080 major crimes committed in the United States during 1953. That is an increase of six per cent over the previous year. Interestingly, rural crimes increased by a consider- ably larger percentage than did crimes in metropolitan areas. Of all the crime increases, robberies and burglaries rose more rapidly than did the others, rising by 8.5 per cent and 8.2 per cent respectively. Auto thefts increased by 5.2 per cent, rape by 3.8 per cent and larceny rose by 5.4 per cent. The only decline noted in the F. B. I. report was that in murders which dropped 1.2 per cent. The F. B. I. says crimes occur on a seasonal basis, just as do other events. For instance, murder and aggravated assault usually begin at a low point in the early part of the year and reach a peak in the summer months. Rape is highly prevalent in the summer. . Robberies, burglaries and auto thefts, however, oc- cur less frequently in the summer months than in colder months. One of the most interesting figures in the latest F. B. I. report is that which shows 53.6 per cent of all persons arrested for auto thefts were juveniles, and 29 per cent of those 58.6 per cent were not old enough to obtain a regu- lar driver’s license in most states. About half those arrested for burglary were not yet eighteen years of age and over half of all those arrested for crimes against property (robbery, burglary, larceny, auto theft, embezzlement, fraud, buying and receiving stolen property, forgery and counterfeiting, etc.) were under twenty-one years of age. It seems from these figures that law enforcement agencies in the United States, including the F. B. I. and state agencies, should concentrate their efforts on juven- ile training, and character building of the nation’s youth. There is no reason why the crime rate in the United States should continue to rise. ORIGINAL Behind The Scenes With The FBI J. Edgar Hoover Marks 30 Years On The Job Editor's Note — When he took over as acting director 30 years ago, J. Edgar Hoover found the FBI loaded with political hacks whose only qualification was friend- ship with a local committeeman. Here’s the story of how he has raised it to the nation’s top law enforcement agency and a behind the scenes look at the way the FBI works, day fo'day. By DON WHITEHEAD Copyright 1954 _ By The Associated Press WASHINGTON ) — J. Edgar Hoover’s greatest pride on this, his 30th anniversary as FBI di- rector, is this: “I’m proudest of the fact that we’ve made law enforcement an honorable profession. In all my career that achievement has made me happiest. “By observing civil rights, by eliminating the third degree and the evil practices that once existed, Lawyers sometimes confuse shrewd legal maneuvers with integrity and basic honesty. ferent. The two are quite dif- Regardless of your state of mind, you are a very lucky person and you can prove it to yourself by looking around you, rossword Puzzle jaae AIP BRAT! [DIABESICIAIN| AILJEREMIOOIREENIO[TIE} ID] US| TIAINICIE| [ala ACROSS 3°. Substance 1. Pouches used to 5. Aeriform le milk cee See jump ru ipe 12.Lopsided 37. Scotch 13. Toward river the stern 38. Choke 14. Healthy 42. Pictorial 15. Narrow caricature id . Sugar 16. solui 17.Opencourt 48. M 18. Chord of plant. igi tones 49. Conjunc- toaU.s, 51, Dig from Territory e 22. Part 52. Cauterize ai'eepen Be Parti be . Particle aviator 55, Edges of 26. Front of arments ats foot i deavor . Dines . Jogging 31. Classified cae di all all a i jad ‘aan ISIOIATK] IMEIAIDIE} 1AISIP} CIO}LMIA]NBR] | |B) Oia NOME TUINIOIE(PIEINIDIE|N|TIL| EILIAIPISIE! TEIN TMEPITIEIRIO} WEI TREBOIISIAISITIEIR| |AIGIOIGREGIOIATT RINIAIB} IDIOINIS BEEINIOISRBAIRIS} 11 IN| (UINIAIP IT] wD Salas Solution of Yesterday’s Puzzle DOWN 1. Common 2. Wi , Lik : e 3. Cone-beas- ees, 4 Blade of grass 6. 1. Fashion an nae Edd 20008 Jdnn FEF err perrrciirre oF Ll gE Doe wd 9. Singing bird 10. Genus of the olive tree 11. College official tree 25. Note of the dove 28. Before 29. Beverage 30. Pigpen 32. Bed canopies 33. Baseball score 34. Urges on 36. Flag 39. Toward discourse 41. Kind of fuel 50. Time when the sun is up we have achieved a standing’ in the country of which I’m proud, And it’s largely due to the charac ter of our personnel.” Hoover said he is hopeful the FBI will be divorced for all time | from partisan politics and that his own successor will come from FBI ranks, Looking back over the stormy years of FBI development, Hoover said in one of his rare interviews: “T’m heartily in favor of pro- moting from within the bureau. “When I took over the director ship in 1924, FBI agents held their jobs because of political ties. They were political appointees, and the only requirement was ‘Do you have the endorsement of your committeeman?’ “I stopped that. All my assist- ants and associates have come through the ranks. My feeling is that my successor, when the time comes, should be designated from the ranks. Not on any basis of seniority, but on ability... . “We have developed some fine executives within the FBI. You can’t buy the kind of energy and devotion they've given to the bureau.” general impression has grown through the years that the FBI is a one-man show, largely because the name J. Edgar Hoover has become linked inextricably with the name FBI. Hoover does have the final decisions, but in the background is a 10-man brain }trust through which Hoover works in directing his fight against crime, espionage and subversion. Each morning at 10:30 Hoover’s 10 top aides gather in what is known as “the executive confer- ence.” Associate Director Clyde Tolson is chairman in the absence of Hoover. With him are Assistants to the Director L. V. Boardman and Louis B. Nichols, and ‘the as- sistant directors and division chiefs, One member of the conference said: “There are no holds barred in our meetings. We thrash out policies and procedures within the framework of our responsibility. Each decision is arrived at by a vote. If there is a split vote—we must give the arguments on both sides to the director for his final decision, “The director wants the best opinions even if they run counter to his own. He wants recommenda- tions too on a course of action.” Discussing this executive confer- ence meeting, Hoover said: “I and grapevine gossiping. If any- body has got a gripe, I tell my people to go to someone who can the gripe to me. I just won’t have belly-aching behind the barn door.” Just what kind of a bureau did Hoover want to develop when he took over the directorship in 1924? What was his concept of FBI responsibilities? “When I was a special assistant to the attorney general in the early ’20s” he said, “I saw the defects in the evidence with which attorneys had to work. There was a need in the department for per- sons trained in the gathering of evidence. “In our law schools we study subjects such as equity, evidence, Procedures and codes. But I mar- vel at the lack of instruction on how to go out and build a case that will stand up in court. “What I saw in 1919-20 was that cases were not built. Evidence was gathered haphazardly and with no continuity, although evi- dence is the basis for proving innocence or guilt. “In the FBI, I tried to build on the basis of what you find in a large law office where one section deals with the trial, another with briefs, another with evidehce, etc. After all, the Department of Jus- tice is just a large law office for th- American people and in the FBI we have the agency that gathers the facts. “We don’t try the case. We don’t evaluate the evidence. We merely act as the service agency. “I thought our agents should have legal training or be exper- ienced in accounting, and that is our standard. “There’s still a crying need to- day in our law schools in teaching the gathering of evidence. There is a large gap in the legal training. We have requests from law schools for agents to lecture classes on FBI methods of gathering evi- dence. “This lack in our law schools is a glaring deficiency and we see it plainly when young lawyers come into the FBI. They must learn this phase of the law in our own training school.” Hoover recalled the first months of his career with the FBI. “There were some marvellous fights in- side the bureau,” he said. “Some of the old-timers complained we were getting ‘Boy Scouts’ to do the work that could be entrusted only to the two-gun men.” Those first years were ones of reorganization, building up a corps of agents trained in law and ac- counting, and establishing «uniform rules of conduct and procedure. Then came the gangster era— the wild rampage of gang rule, gang murders, kidnaping, bank robberies and reigns of terror by underworld, mobs woking with crooked politicians, cooked courts, crooked police officers. The kidnaping of Charles A. Lindbergh Jr., stirred the nation. And then “Pretty Boy’ Floyd, Vern Miller and Adam Richetti slaughtered four police officers in trying to free a pal, Frank Nash, from their custody. This was the bloody ‘Kansas City Massacre” of June 17, 1933. Ironically, the hood- lums killed Nash too in the wild In the breakdown of local law enforcement, enraged citizens de- manded action from the federal passed a -series of crime bills which almost overnight changed don’t want yes-men. I must have the arguments for and against each question. I can’t accept rec- ommendations without reasons. “We get everything out in the Open. I will not stand for griping “ the FBI from an unarmed force with no authority into a crime- fighting organization. 5 FBI men were authorized to carry arms and make arrests. It became a federal crime to kill a government agent. Laws were passed giving the FBI authority to go into action against kidnapers, extortionists, bank robbers, rack- eteers and criminals fleeing across state lines to avoid prosecution. Hoover built up a giant master file of fingerprints, established a national crime laboratory for scier’ tific analysis of crime clues. He started the National Police Aca- demy, where police from. all over the nation come to study FBI crime detection methods and the scientific means of gathering evi- dence, The facilities of the FBI were opened to all local law en- forcement agencies. By 1939, he reported that not a single organized crime gang was operating. S Looking back on these days, Hoover said: “Praise came to the FBI after the pendulum of public opinion had swung from the early days of disrespect. But I know the pendulum of public opinion can swing just as rapidly back the other way unless we conduct our- selves properly, “The only sound growth is to build on proper ground. The FBI had a great record in the kidnap era. It was a hard era. Our men at the time were not equpped by training or by law. Some of our men were killed in gun battles. “You can’t go through gunfire without a deep sense of humility and without knowing there is a supreme being watching over you.”” And then he said: “My goal has been to make law enforcement a profession, a respected profession like the medical and legal profes- sions. You can’t be proud of your profession unless you have a standard of conduct and action that demand respect. “I don’t put much faith in state- ments about what somebody is going to do. It’s better-to wait and talk about your accomplishments, That’s why we don’t announce in advance our plans. Let’s have con- stant, consecutive pressure ~ on crime in the American way—with- out framing, without the third de- gree and without a whitewash. “I’m happy to say we’ve made progress in the country in divorc- ing law enforcement from political influence. Where there is political influence in enforcement, it is re- flected in graft, corruption and incompetency. “In the old days, we were fre- quently criticized because we didn’t confide in the local police. There had been a breakdown in the re- lations between authorities. This caused jealousy and conflict and resentment. “The reason we didn’t confide in local police at times was ob- vious. I remember once in the pursuit of John Dillinger we were informed he was to visit a dentist in a Midwestern town? We took the local authorities into our eon- fidence. That afternoon a paper came out at 2 p.m. headlined: ‘U.S. Lays Dillinger Trap.’ Well, he saw the paper and he didn’t keep his late afternoon appoint- ment. “In another case, a police chief was called as a character witness in a kidnap trial. We couldn’t take such men into our confidence. ~ “I started the national academy to break down the feeling ox jealousy and resentment toward the FBI men. In these classes the men have come to know each other, to recognize their mutua’ problems and how best to solve them. ... “Now we are able to work with e bi ILLEGIBLE . Chapter 25 “ JACKSON,” and J. D. put her, hand on mine. “There’s some- one outside there, trying to at- tract your attention.” Both Raniel and I looked around. While both of us were looking, J. D. pushed a key into my hand, the key to her car. I knew what she wanted. “Oh, him,’ I said. “Excuse me a minute. you two, I’ll see what he wants and come back,” and I got up_quickly and left. Outside, I got into J._D.’s car and started it. Away I boiled, within two ticks of 7D. Thatcher speed, for Ealing’s. I had to get there and do my talking quick, before Raniel got out from under the ether, because he or Winkle or both would be out to do theirs. Nobody answered the door of that big, ugly yellow house when I rang. I trieg the door and it was locked. Just as I ri again, Diane Ealing opened. She was wearing a hat and a tailored suit. , sh eee to see Mrs. Pettigrew,” said. Ealing. T looked at her aharay “Didn't she come back from wherever you sent her this morning?” “T sent her out again.” “Tell me, did your husband have any more derringers besides the one that was found in his hand and the one he’d given you?” “TI can’t be sure.” Somebody had come through the hall to the parlor door, and called by name. I turned. It was Pettigrew. “I been hoping you'd come around,” he said. “Hoping? Why?” “Something the police should see and find out about,” said Pet- tigrew. By Bill Gibb Now that the election is over, perhaps it is safe for me to sneak back into The Citizen and write a few columns. Good old Bernie has been re-elected — the man I didn’t vote for. Heck! I’m just about as successful at picking winning poli- tical candidates as I am at select- ing lucky bolita numbers. Maybe that is the reason I’ve always had to work for a living. Did you say it was bad policy to openly admit that I didn’t vote for Bernie? Who wants to kid who? “This Rock of Ours’’ extends con- gratulations. to Papy for his over- whelming victory. He won’ hard, rough fight ‘and is entitléd-to feel proud at the’ manner - in,: which Monroe: County voters expressed their confidence in him. As always, this column will continue to, praise him when he is right and censure him when his actions fail to jibe with our democratic ideals. Bernie Papy isn’t quite the ogre that many folks would like to paint him. At the same time, he isn’t a blessed saint. I wouldn’t hesitate to ask the man for help if it were connected with his duties as State Legislator. Our differences of opin- ion are based on _ ideclogies ideologies which many people say I should cast aside by adopting a realistic understanding of “power politics.” Heavens knows, “power politics” doesn’t have much to recommend row and suffering that exists in this world today. For my part, I'll continue to stumble along seeking a path outlined in the Bible and stressed in the Constitution of the United States. Enough: of this — once again, may I extend best wishes to Ber- nie Papy and to the people who elected him to office. May the next two years be the most successful that Monroe County and the State of Florida have ever enjoyed. Slanderous Gossip It is unfortunate that many slan- derous remarks are still being made against all of the candidates involved in the ‘recent election. This kind of talk never should have been allowed to gain headway dur- ing the campaign and there is cer- tainly no excuse for it now. Don’t you think it is abovt time that we concern ourselves -with more im- portant things than-idle gossip? For instance, when. are the cat- walks going to be constructed on the Overseas Highway bridges? How: about the four-lane highway that was promised us on Stock Is- land? Will improvement of Garri- men who speak the same language we speak. “But I say this: A community gets no better law enforcement than it deserves. Once a-group of Eastern businessmen came, to me. They said they had raised money privately, quite a sum of money, and they wanted me to help them use it to improve law. enforcement in their city. 4 3 “I told them to take their money go home, and do the job them- selves. I told them if they’d take off their coats and apply them- selves, put the finger on venal oliticians and put men into office vho are dedicated to good public ervice, they’d get good law en- ‘orcement.” “She’s not here,” said Diane |sh This Rock — Of Ours it when we look around at the sor- | ; 7 — -All Behe” 1 said, “lead me to it” ite sigs could be taken out again. From there T'll go on figuring into lots .LLOWED of things. I zoe hd ED him into the front} “Take care that you don't Lagietinees: lund to. the side of | scorch yourself,” she said. See Aushe with the seasiae Sor! That sounded silly -to me. I it might to steps goi as i" | didn’t even answer, but at eight into th ent. Petting ove feet I aimed the little drew the wa9*to it, then storsca” back the hammer, and Sred, then a stopped and tappedthe wooden jamb with the fore pat unbandaged “Bull fiole,” he said. es?’ } came and looked, too. The jamb'showed a round mark at shoulder height, the size and shape ofthe one I'd seen three hours re, Tight in the middle of Ber er’s forehead. It didn’t go in v far, no more than half an oy My face close and eer ,isn’t anew hole,” I said. iekipere's been weathe: on it—a couple of weeks, maybe—” “About a month,” said Petti- grew, as*if he knew ‘enough to correct *fié. “I didn’t notice until today—igsaw there was a little plug of: putty there, about the color of, ee Paint. I jiggled it and olt it came. Here.” He owed°mé a bullet-shaped wad of jefe m my pocket I took the cartridge nd had unloaded from Ge oa ly I pok#dits nose into the hole. It _fitted! ctly. I wertiquickly back into the house. “Djane,” I said, “get that gun of yours.” She rummaged out the gun and handed it to me. She followed me out. When I came to the side door, I waved her and Pettigrew clear and relgased the cartridge into the a 3 “What ate you going to do?” asked Diane Ealing. “Do a test shot of my own.” I w far another bullet Rm let | 3 son Bight bean actuality before our next winter season? AND — Jumping fellybeans! — will the City everdo something about re- iring off torn up streets? will try to answer , above questions for e next few days. May- be, by hook or crook, we’ll be able to get ardund that old stock an- swer of- Officials: ‘We're consider- ing the‘matter now and getting ready forsprompt action.” immitig to full-time work here Bi Gitizen is sort of like home- See ae. However, there are anges and improve- Witeh have been made that 0 take time to become Take the matter of cir- or instance. ‘We femehave a circulation of close. tg; seven thousand paid. sub- scriber; at means that between twenty-five and thirty thousand people Féad The Citizen daily. For a town"tht size of Key West, a cir- culation Wat reaches so many peo- ple has tremendous appeal to- ward Spboducing better advertising and mgra.thorough news coverage. Truly,,,fhe Citizen is advancing step by step with the growth of Key West. End-@£: Hearings Seen W. ILE, Mass. (®—Joseph N. Welc! counsel forthe Army in i ite with Sen. McCarthy (R- says he believes the be completed before the month. moved in. “Easy to take the bullet out, pretty much unmarked,” I said at once. “Enough of the base still sticks into the clear for someone to couple on with pliers or nip- pers— Se jiane ing I looked around, wondering ee ae “No. How coull lo that?” “If you didn’t” she said, “that gun you have isn’t my gun at all. If I'd stared before, I goggled now. Diane Ealing put out her hand and took me by the wrist. With her other forefinger she tapped the spot where my thumb forked away from the rest of my hand. " “There should be a burn right there, and a smudge of powder,’ she informed me. “My was the less perfect of the pair. It had some kind of tiny w- at the breech and the expl powder always spit itself out backward.’ “A backspit,” I said slowly. 1 felt as if, all at once, a piece of the puzzle of which I'd once talked to her was fitting itself in “Will you come downtown with me? I want you to talk to the laboratory expert who examined both guns, and to help him and me decide something.” I spoke to Pettigrew. “Thanks for what you showed me. Some police will be out here any moment. We'll leave theirentertainment in your (To be continued) Turkey Replies To Red Protest On Pakistan Pact ANKARA, Turkey () —Turkey accused Russia today of exerting pressure by propaganda and other means to force countries to give up their efforts toward collective security. The charge, in firm, energetic language, was in a note to Moscow which the semiofficial Anatolia News agency released here. It!re- plied to a Soviet protest two months ago against the recent Turkey-Pakistan alliance. Pakistan last week rejected the same Soviet protest. The Karachi government said it was only exer- cising its*sovereign right “to take all measures of self-defense.” Turkey denied the Russian accu- sations she was working against peace and added such accusations “are not’ only made by official and political means but also by propaganda and publications.” “It is clear,” the Turkish note said, “the Soviet Union tries to hold Turkey and other nations working for peace and security and promotion of cooperation you burn your hand?” ing asked. hands.’ present world tension. “No doubt the purpose behind the Soviet government action is to exert pressure on world opinion to force it to give up these efforts, which are aimed to strengthen col- lective security.” Traveling Sparrows MIDWEST CITY, Okla. mH — Glenn Tomlinson, Blaine County farmer, kept hearing noises under his car as he drove here,from his farm home. When he arrived and looked underneath, he found a nest of newly-hatched sparrows lying be- tween the frame of the car and . Wee Citizel Want Ads Bring Results the gas tank. “PEOPLE’S FORUM _ >The Citizen welcomes afe.considered libelous or unwarranted. The fafr-and confine the letters to 200 words and write on one of the paper only. Signature of the writer must a detters and will be published unless requested Ediféf; The Citizen: ’ CAR INSPECTION GRIPE ‘When it comes to logic and efficiency, the city of Key West is all messed up. Has anybody missed the grumbling line of autos lined up for city inspection on ‘thy doesn’t the city authorize local garages or fill- “Bir 1 cbiifited sixty cars at one time! it; thi rchant fifty cents for ingagtations operators to inspect vehicles? Other cities do = successfully, and there’s no grumbling in paying his time. One of the inspecting officers, approached with the fact these drivers were waiting so long (some for three hours!,) replied indignantly. he was “drafted” for the job and without any extra pay for Saturday, so why should the drivers complain! _ It is interesting to note the proficiency with which the local constabulary shelled out court summons to cars not having inspection stickers. Asked why they don’t like- wise enforce the Ordinance prohibiting right-side park- ing_on Duval Street, the bailiwick replies they don’t have enough officers! H. P. April 29, 1954 Vie O. Box 642 Key West, Fla. among nations as responsible for