The Key West Citizen Newspaper, September 8, 1952, Page 3

CAUDLE TESTIFIES FOR SIXTH STRAIGHT DAY BEFORE HOUSE Trying To Find Out What Undue Pressure Placed On Officials By JERRY T. BAULCH WASHINGTON () — T. Lamar Caudle, who was the government's ehief tax fraud prosecutor until President Truman fired him last November for “outside activities,” testifies today for the sixth straight day before a special congressional committee meeting behind closed doors, Rep. Chelf (D-Ky), chairman of a House judiciary subcommittee which is investigating the Justice Department, said his group is trying to determine what undue pressure if any is put on high of- ficials by people both in and out of government’.— including con- gressmen. His subcommittee, Chelf said, is trying to fit together the jig-saw pieces of cases handled by the Justice Department to determine what subjects will be aired at pub- lic sessions expected to start next month. The chairman said Caudle “has involved others in the decisions he made,” but the group has not de- cided whether there was an at- tempt to influence Caudle’s judg- ment when he was assistant attor- ney general in charge of tax fraud prosecutions. Chefl said 11 cases were dis- discussed yesterday in a six-hour Sunday session with Caudle. Com- mittee members said nine of these cases involved tax fraud investi- gations only three of which were brought to public attention in the tax scandal probes of the past year, “The subcommittee planned to end its private questioning of Cau- dle today, but he is expected to be asked to repeat much of his testi-; mony when the public sessions start. Chelf said other witnesses would be called for closed-door testimony but he would not name them. One was expected to be for- mer Atty, Gen. J. Howard Me- Grath. Meanwhile, neither committee members nor the White House would comment_on a letter Tru- man Caudle 18 days. before, he him. In it Truman thanked Caudle for an Italian cigarette case which the Justice Department official gave him on returning from a European , trip. ated Oct. 29, 1951, the letter said: “Thanks a lot for that beautiful cigarette case which you and Mr. D'Agostino brought me from Italy. “It is about the most beautiful one I have ever seen and I appre- ciate most highly your thoughtful- Ress. “Sincerely yours, Truman,” The President does not smoke. The letter was written 10 days after Truman had written Caudle that “men like you” make it pos- sible for the President to carry on. Caudle’s dismissal was on grounds that his outside acitivi- ties were incompatible with his of- ficial duties. Later Truman told a news conference that Caudle would have been asked to resign even without the tax scandal investiga- tion then being carried on by the — Ways and Means Commit- Marry This committee went into a prac- tically free trip Caudle took to Europe in the summer of 1950 to help a wine merchant named D'Agostino maintain his dollar credits in Italian banks. Caudle told newsmen during the inquiry that he helped Carmon D'Agostino press a claim for $96,000 which the New Jersey wine mer- chant and his father, Matteo Agostino, had deposited in Italy before World War Il. The banks ‘wanted to pay off im Italian cur- rency at the pre-war exchange rate and the D’Agostinos wanted dol- lavs, which were worth more ja | Italian lira at that time. | The Truman letter to Caudle was shown by a reli } name. He said it would be given | to the. Chelf subcommittee, which other things is looking into Teporter that the clerk who of gifts to the Presi- dent was not available. He added: | “The President receives gifts | all over the world, and these | as a matter of | with a staff member | Sometimes signing the President’ me for hi graphed baseballs by the living members in the Hall of Fame ma-| seum at Cooperstown, N. Y. Heavy Vote Expected In Maine Pri By EARL ARONSON PORTLAND, Me, (® — Maine voters today elect a U. S. senator, governor and three U. S. repre- sentatives in the nation’s first test of Republican-Democratic strength this year. At least one hotly debated local issue and clear, cool weather was expected to bring out a fairly heavy vote Polls generally open at 6 a.m., Eastern Standard Time, with most of them closing at. 7 p.m. Republicans expected to win all major offices, as they have done regularly since 1934. Bolstering their optimism was an informal survey, compiled by The Associated Press from opin- ions gathered by newspapers and radio stations. It indicated victory for the GOP, but with smaller ma- jorities than in recent elections. Democratic State Committee Chairman James G. Sawyer fore- cast a vote of about 240,000. The 1948 vote was 223,000, The GOP margin then was a record 95,000 — for Margaret Chase Smith as sen- ator. The biggest vote was 311,000 in 1936. Sawyer said, however, that local issues, rather than state or national, would bring out many voters. Republican State chairman Bradford Hutchins anticipates a vote of 230,000 to 250,000. He based it on “interest stirred among Re- publicans” by Republican vice presidential candidate Richard M. Nixon’s four-day visit last week; “the realization that solid support of the Republican ticket is neces-’ sary, and the added interest en- gendered by the several independ- ent candidates on the ballot.” An investigation of the state monopoly liquor operation over- shadowed all other issues. In Washington, the Democratic National Committee declared last night that Gen: Eisenhower refused to accept campaign support from Maine's Gov, Frederick G. Payne, Republican senatorial candidate. The statement, issued by George W. Ball of executive di- rector of the Volunteers for Steven- son, said silence by the general will mean he condones the ‘‘mess in Maine.” Payne declined comment. Ball referred to the indictment Friday of Bernard T. Zahn, for- mer friend and appointee of Payne, and Frederick W. Papalos of Bos- ton, on charges of conspiracy with a wine bottler to commit bribery by raising the price of wine sold by the Maine Liquor Commission, with Zahn to get the increase. Zahn resigned as Liquor Com- mission chairman last March. The Legislative Research Com- mittee was told last spring that Papalos claimed influence with the governor. Payne and Papalos denied this. Payne's Senate opponents are Roger P. Dube, Democrat, and In- dependent - Democrat Earl §. Grant, whom Dube defeated in the primary. . There is a four-way contest for governor. The Republican is State » “Senate President Burton M. Cross. The Democrat is James C. Oliver, a former Republican U. S. repre- sentative. The others are Neil S. Bishop, Republican - independent, and Republican State Sen. Henry W. Boyker, listed as independent. Flying Saucers Are Discounted ROME ®—A leading Soviet as- tronomer says flying saucers. are The statement was made by Prof. Boris Kukarkin—Russian del- egate atiending the eighth Worid Astronomical | Congress here—in an | interview published in the Red newspaper L’Unita. Kukarkin declared the psychosis | “is encouraged by those interested | No flying saucers have ever been seen over Russia, he added, FULDA, Germany @# — Ger- | many’s Catholic bishops Communist pressure against relig- Political By RELMAN MORIN PORTLAND, Ore. —Gov. Adlai Stevenson said today the battle for the -presidency is going to be a hard one, but he claimed, ‘“‘We are gaining steadily.” The Democratic candidate spoke before a group of Oregon news- paper editors, publishers and radio men at a luncheon in Portland to- day. He arrived here by plane last night, extending his hard-driving campaign to the Pacific Coast. “It is going to be a tough cam- paign,” Stevenson said, “and I am not kidding myself about the diffi- culties. “We have a lot of ground to make up. We have made up some. I figure that we still have a little distance to go. But I figure, too, that we are gaining steadily.” It was the first time Stevenson has publicly discussed the progress of the campaign. In saying, it is going to be “tough,” he also paid a tribute to the Republican candi- date, Gen. Dwight Eisenhower, saying: “My opponent is a great general who has served the Army and the nation well.” But Stevenson again taunted the Republicans on the ground that they are split into two parties, sharply divided over policy, and have no policies of their own. He has hammered away at this point in a number of speeches made since he left Springfield, Ull., his, headquarters, last Friday. “I wait breathlessly for each morning’s newspaper,” he told the editors, “to see which Republican party is on top that day. “I do not think. the people will install a party which does not seem eapable of governing. And I do not see how anyone can argue that this fretful, distracted and divided Republican party has that capa- city. If it cannot govern itself, why should we suppose it could govern the country?” The luncheon was sponsored by the Oregon Journal. Much of Stevenson’s address to the editors today was devoted to newspaper coverage of the cam- paign to date. He had both good and critical remarks, asserting: “I have been well impressed by the fair treatment accorded me by most newspapers, including most of those aligned editorially with the opposition. Iam convinced that nearly all publishers are doing their honest best, according to their lights—even if I must confess that sometimes their lights seem to me a little dim.” He said the nation relies on a free and responsible press to battle the “three greatest enemies of democracy — ignorance, apathy, and excessive partnership.” And he reminded his audience: “Our brand of representative gov- something which I think your pro- fession sometimes overlooks, you depend on government, for the ulti- mate protection of a free press re- sides in the constitutional guaran- tee.” Stevenson said he was aware that “the overwhelming majority” of newspapers are supporting Eisen- hower. And he teased the editors by recalling that neither the late President Roosevelt nor President Truman had widespread editorial support in their campaigns: “T certainly don’t take it person- ally,” he said. “In fact I would have been somewhat startled and unhappy if I had received much press support after the reception given my Democratic predeces- sors. Some people might even have considered such support an fil omen.” More seriously, then, he said there should be a two-party system among newspapers as well as in politics. “I am frankly considera- bly concerned,” he said, “when I see the extent to which we are de- veloping 4 one-party press in a two- party country. “A free society means a society based on free competition and there is no more important compe- tition than competition im ideas, “It’s not honest convictions hon- estly stated that concern me. “Rather it is the tendency of many papers, and | include colum- nists, commentators, analysts, fea- | ture writers and so on, to argue | editorially from the personal ob- | jective rather than from the whole | truth, | “What IT am saying. In short, is that the press cannot condemn | demagoguery, claptrap, distortion and falsehood in politicians and | public life-on the one hand, and | practice the same abuses on the | public themselves on the other.” | a | NEW YORK @ — The National WESTERN OIL PROPOSAL HIT BY, MOSSADEGH * Says That It Congress Act Reverses Court Martial Of 1812 NEW YORK #® — The gfeat grandson of a court-martialed naval lieutenant, who died in 1874, will receive a renewed commission for the dead officer today in a vie- torious end to a 137-year vindica- tion fight. Electus D. Litchfield, an 82 year-old architect, formally will be presented with a certificate restor- ing the rank of Lt. William S. Cox, who was cashiered in 1814. The certificate was signed by President Truman last month. Cox was tried and convicted two years after he served in the war of 1812 as a 21-year-old third lieu- tenant aboard the U. S. frigate Chesapeake, which fought the Brit- ish frigate Shannon off Boston. ' In the battle the American ship was badly hit and most of her offi- cers injured. Her commanding of- ficer, Capt. James Lawrence, ut- tered the famous words “Don’t give up the ship” as he lay mortal- ; ly wounded. But the British boarded and cap- | tured the Chesapeake. The court martial accused Cox of misconduct in leaving the battle to direct crew members in carry- ing the wounded Lawrence below decks. Cox’s family fought to restore his good name, making pleas to Presi- dents Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt. But an act of Congress was necessary to re- verse the court martial. The bill was passed in July, SCIENCE NEWS By FRANK CAREY AP Science Reporter ITHACA, N. Y. (® — Freak rab- bits which can’t hop but instead wobble like dachshund dogs are giving new aid in the stury of cer- tain human diseases and abormali- ties. This was reported today at the opening of a three-day meeting of the American Institute of Biologi- cal Sciences (AIBS) on the campus ; of Cornell University, one of the nation’s centers of biological re- search. “Instead of hopping like a nor- mal rabbit, these rabbits have a shortness of the upper limbs and a poor development of the hip and shoulder joints which results in a peculiar undulating (wavy) type of locomotion resembling that of the dachshund dog,” the biologists were told by researchers P. B. Sawin and D. D. Crary of the Jack- son Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Me. Explaining that the rabbits ac- quired their dachshund-like super- structures as a result of a “muta- tion” or change in certain heredity cells which normally make for run- of-the-meadow rabbits, the scien- tists said this: Because of their abnormality, the rabbits have been added to a menagerie of other animal “mu- tants” being studied at the Bar Harbor Laboratory in the quest for new understanding of such human abnormalitie: Ss epilepsy; loco- motor ataxia, a nerve condition marked by disorders in gait; and deficiencies of the pituitary and thyroid glands. The researchers said the elén- gated rabbits of the no-hope tend- ency showed up as variants of strain of New Zealand white rab- bits domiciled in Californ The unorthodox characteristics were classified as “recessive” — that is, the peculiar rabbits don't show up in every generation The strange-mutation is ex- of cartilage in various parts of the — and some bunnies even have a deformed skuil. The researchers said that in gen- eral, the rabbits are being used in connection with hereditary studies of both normal and abnormal ne erance, without understanding of {each other or without a spirit of brotherhood, we would soon cease | to exist as a great nation.” Eisen- hower urged that every American | ious freedom in Soviet-occupied | Conference of Christians and Jews pledge in political affairs that “no i Eisenhower East Germany yesterda pared it with mesning. of pressure” a; The conference, which seeks to promote better inter-group reia- -, ties, released statements by the taint of religious or racial animos. | ity shall trouble our Stevenson. urging destruction of “the myths that gnaw at our Vitals” aod removal of “fear and prejudice,” said: ford to exhibit to the world eithe: imcompetence or injustice in deal Rational dom and cited some of the meas- : presidential candidates last night. ing with the relations of racial or ures taken in East Germany. Eisenhower said: “Without tol- | religious groups.” id: ‘of pressed in abnormal development | mn Soar. renee Is More Severe _ And Impractical Than Other Offers By NATE POLOWETZKY TEHRAN, iran (®—Premier Mo- hammed Mossadegh flatly rejected last night the British-American of- fer to solve the Anglo-Iranian oil squabble, but hinted Iran ‘might agree to a court settlement of the muddled issue. Blasting the recent Truman- Churchill proposal as the worst yet | made in the dragged-out negotia- tions Mossadegh told newsmen, “The solution proposed in this mes- sage is not only altogether inequita- ble, but more severe and imprac- ticable than earlier proposals.” Mossadegh’s point-by-point -rejec- tion of the British-American offer was contained in a_ three-page )statement read to reporters at his home. Shortly after the news confer- ence, George Middleton, British charge d'affaires, conferred for more than an hour with Mossadegh at the latter’s home, He refused to divulge the nature of the discus- sion. Mossadegh’s statement was an expansion of his off-the-cuff rejec- tion Aug. 30, when the joint offer was made. He has called a special Parliamentary session Wednesday to frame a formal reply to Britain and the United States. Observers believe Parliament will echo the Premier’s stand. However, some quarters pinned hope negotiations might continue on Mossadegh’s reference last night to a court settlement. The Premier said it was possible Iran and the Anglo-Iranian Qil Co. could agree to submit the compen- sation issue to a mutually agreed upon court. - “The first condition of this agree- ment,” he added, “is that the par- ties to the suit should determine | the limit and the nature of their dispute.” The British-American proposal had included an offer for World Court arbitration of com: ation j due the British-owned Al0G*for its | nationalized properties. Commenting on this, however, Mossadegh said: fea “Tt is clear to all that after the International Court ruled it has no jurisdiction in the case, the Iranian courts constitute the only judicial authority in the world competent to investigate the present dispute.” Mossadegh, only recently recov- ered from an illness, read his state- ment in a firm voice. Assailing the British-American offer as com- pletely inequitable, he said: “By imposing these terms the intention (of the British and Amer- ican governments) is to destroy the fruit of all the struggles of the Iranian government and the hard- ships it has suffered in defending its rights of sovereignty., . “Despite all economic and finan- cial difficulties the Iranian nation will under no ‘circumstances sub- mit to unfair conditions that may be prejudicial to its economic or Political independence or, may God forbid, to the national honor and prestige of Iran.” Iran is just about broke as a re- sult of loss of revenues from the AIOC, shut down since its Iranian holdings were nationalized nearly a year ago. Mossadegh omitted any mention of the U. S. offer to loan Iran 10 million dollars upon condition she accept the joint proposal. Florida Housing Jumps 50 Percent In Ten Years GAINESVILE @ — Florida housing jumped about 50 per cent between 1940 and 1950 and Dade County led the state with a 103 per cent rise, a University of Flor- j Assistant research Prof. Carter C. Osterbind said the state added | 370,633 dwelling units in the period. Dade's rise was 92,989; Duval add- ed 32,424 units for a 36 per cent rise and Pinellas leaped 79 per cent with construction of 32,157 new units. The report, in “Economic Leaf- lets” published by the university's Bureau of Economic and Business “We can ili af- | Research, said Orange County | | bousing rose 74 per cent / j units, and Hillsborough added 23,- 029 units, a SS per cent rise. Long amortization periods, low interest rates and little or no down | | Payments on home purchases were | factors Osterbind said helped boost | Florida housing. H Pittsburgh Pirste rookie pitcher Rea Necciai <(Netcheye) has teen with five different teams since he began with Salibery, N.C; in 1950, d — atte War Roundup By MILO FARMETI SEOUL, Korea (#—South Korean infantrymen today slugged and knifed their way through Chinese defenders in the third day of bitter fighting for Capitol Hill on the Korean Central Front and at day- light were 20 yards from the crest. But heavy Chinese artillery fire stopped them by mid-day. They dug in 100 yards below the top. The U. S. Fifth Air Force said Sabre pilots in the fifth straight day of jet battles destroyed two MIGI5s and damaged five. It raised the Sabres’ September bag of the Russian-built fighters to 19 destroyed, one probable and 15 damaged. 3 Chinese troops seized Capitol Hill and another nearby outpost Saturday night and early Sunday in one. of. several Communist thrusts across the 155-mile winding front. The attacks were supported by the heaviest red artillery and mortar barrage of the war—43,621 rounds. The previous high of 21,000 Big the Ca} it. The P goemeghs Chinese bat- talions — about 750 men each — hit the critical Panmunjom-Bunker Hill sector in the west, defended by U. S. Marines, and Capitol Hill. Other — but smaller — Red forces struck in what appeared to be co- ordinated assaults in the East. Except for the Capitol Hill sec- tor, the fighting dropped off sharp- ly Sunday night. The U. S. Eighth Army said sev- eral hundred Koreans and Chinese were directly involved in the close- in fighting for Capitol Hill. Thou- sands of other troops were catch- ing a rain of shells fired by both sides. There were no apparent signs that the Reds were opening up with an offensive. Army observers said it appeared that the Reds were attempting only to inflict casualties, perhaps as their reac- tion to the deadlocked truce talks and stepped-up U. N. air strikes. American and Korean Marines near Panmunjom — site of the armistice talks — bottled Chinese battalions at two spots Saturday night. The Marines yielded some ground but won it back with coun- terattacks. At the eastern end of the battle line in the Heartbreak Ridge area, the U. S,.25th Division heat back two North Korean companies at- tacking in the Mundung Valley ear- ly Sunday. The Fifth Air Force said to- day’s noon jet battle between 12 Sabres and 11 MIGs raged from Sinuiju to Suiho Reservoir near the Manchurian border. EXCURSION pn more and night ON © RETURN PORTION © OF ROUND £ TRIP © TICKET oe s (Day ROUND Tee ® JUNG S—OSE* @ ROUND © TRIP wew von °°1.24° Weshiagton © 104” Philadelphia * lis* NATIONAL Airlines Call 1780 VCKE! OFFICE Mecthom Awpert Monday, September 8, 1952 By DILLON GRAHAM WASHINGTON (# — It will soon be moving day on Capitol Hill and those who have been there longest Set first choice of vacant offices. About 10 senators already have bid for better quarters. Suites now available include those of the late Sen. McMahon (D-Conn), who died in July, and Sen. McKellar (D- Tenn), beaten in the primary, and Sen. Connally (D-Tex), who didn't run for re-election. Other nice locations may be open after the Nov. 4 elections. Each senator gets at least a three-room office. Then, as their seniority increases, they try for one of the 50 four-room suites, Some of these have two_lavatories. Personal ideosyncracies enter in- to the choices. Some like western exposures; they’re warmer in winter. Others want to be near the elevators and the subway car to the Capitol. Some want a view overlooking the Capitol; many like to be close to their committee meeting rooms. The Senate Rules Committee as- signs quarters. which generally means that Chairman Hayden (D- Ariz) does it. Hayden — who could have any place he wants — has been at No. 131 on the ground floor for 20 years. McKellar had one of the best — | facing west, four rooms, two lava- THE KEY WEST CITIZEN tories, near the elevator. Oldest stay-putter is Sen. George since January, 1931. McMahon had the only Senate of- fice in the Capitol building. It is near the Atomic Energy Commit- tee, which he headed. The majority and minority lead- | Strunk Lumber Yard Says... For Storm. Shutters: There's Plywood, MASONITE, PHONE 816 120 SIMONTON STREET ATLA c ALL Gri HOM is | q RECONDITIONED Name DODO cecrccnrrerternerentin entree lg city a i j (D-Ga). He has been in No, 342 | ATLAS SEW - VAC STORES PHONE KEY WEST 64-x8 | would like « free home demonstration st ne obligation te me f RF.D. Address—Please Send Specific Directions 2 a es ae Page ¥ Senators Bidding For Choice Offices ers also have Capitol offices in ad- dition to their space in the office building. E The same seniority system rules on the house side. On Nov. 5 — day after election — re-elected members may file for mew quarters, bidding for offices open because of defeats of col- leagues. A month later — Dec. 5 — new members draw numbers to decide the order of their choice from those left. “Porgy And Bess” Cheered Aboard VIENNA, Austria (}—The Amer- ican folk opera “Porgy and Bess” was cheered to the rafters at its European debut here, last night. President Theodor Koerner and among the audience which watched the all-Negro cast’s presentation of the opera written by the late George Gershwin. The planet Neptune cannot be seen with the naked eye. (ER PORTABLE ELECTRIC SEWING MACHINE DEMONSTRATION SALAMI SINGER @ $0. State le