Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, April 9, 1913, Page 3

PAGE TWO GRAND RAPIDS HERALD-REVIEW WEDNESDAY, APRIL 9, 1913 SHORT MESSAGE STICKS 10 TARIFF President Wilson Advises the Extra Session. URGENT NEED OF OF REFORMS | Ghief Executive Says Recent Elections Laid a Duty Upon the Democratic Party, Which Must Lighten the Bur- @en of the People—Says It Would Be Unwise to Move Forward Headlong er With Reckless Haste; That Busi- mess Must Be Encouraged, Not De- stroyed, but That Everything That Baas a Semblance of Privilege Must Be Abolished—Promises Special Mes- sage Dealing With Needed Banking and Currency Laws. %o the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives: i have called the congress together @ extraordinary session because a @oty was !aid upon the party now in power at the recent elections whicb it e@nught to perform promptly in order that the burden carried by the people wonder existing law may be lightened as soon as possible and in order, also, bat the business interests of the coun- try may oot be kept too long in sus- bee \ pense us to what the Gscal changes | ducers under the stimulation of a con- @ by American Press Association. PRESIDENT WILSON @re to be to which they will be requir- ea to adjust themselves. It is clear te the whole country that the tariff @oties must be altered. ‘bey must be hanged to meet the radical! alteration &p the conditions of our economic tife which the country has witnessed with- f the last generation. While the whole face and method of our indus- | tris} and commercial life were being | ehanged beyond recognition the tariff g@ebedules have remained what they | ‘were before the change began or have | moved in the direction they were giv m when no large circumstance of our | Sndustrial development was what it is doday. with the ectual facts. The sooner that $8 done **e sooner we shall escape from “img from the facts and the weon: men of business will be free “sive by the law of nature @ibe ne’ '» of free business) instead of by th aw of legislation and arti- Scia) arrangement. How Tariff Has Grown, _We have seen_triff Jecisiation wan Our task is to square them | | and yet be remedies. | aer very far afield in our day—very far indeed from the field in which our | paatelarit might have had a normal wth and stimulation No one who | poke the facts squarely in the face or knows anything that lies beneath the | surface of action can fail to perceive | the principles upon which recent tariff | | legis! tion has been based ‘We long | ago passed beyoud the modest notion | of “protecting” the industries of the country and moved boldly forward to the idea that they were entitled to the direct patronage of the government. For a jong time—a time so long that the men now active in public policy | hardly remember the conditions that | preceeded it—we have sought in our | in order to maintain a practically ex- |clusive market as against the rest of | the world. Consciousiy or unconscious- i | ly we have built up a set of privileges | jand exemptions from competition be- hind which it was easy by any. even | the crudest. forms of combination to | organize monopoly. ontil at last noth Mz is normal, nothing ts obliged to stand the tests of efficiency and econo my, ip our world of big business, but everything thrives by concerted ar- rangement. Only new principles of action will save us from a final hard | erystallization of monopoly and a com- | plete loss of the influences that quick- | en enterprise and keep independent en- ergy alive. Must Abolish Privilege. It is plain what those principles must bears even’ the semblance of privilege or of any kind of artificial advantage and put our business men and pro stant necessity to be efficient, econom- ical and enterprising. masters of com- petitive supremacy, better workers and merchants than any in the world. Aside from the duties laid upon arti- cannot produce, therefore, and the duties laid upon luxuries and merely for the sake of the revenues they yield, the object of the tariff duties hence- forth laid must be effective competi- tion, the whetting of American wits by contest with the wits of the rest of the world. It would be unwise to move toward this end headlong, with reckless haste or with strokes that cut at the very vitation upset it and break it and deprive it of a chance to change. It destroys it. We must make changes in our fiscal laws, in our fiscal system, whose ob- ject is development. a more free and wholesome development, not revolution or upset or confusion. We must build need the outlet and the enlarged field fore. We must build up industry as well and must adopt freedom in the | ! place of artificial stimulation only so | far as it will build, not pull down. In} dealing with the tariff the method by which this may be done will be a mat- | ter of judgment, exercised item by item. To some not accustomed to the excitements and _ responsibilities of greater freedom our methods may in some respects and at some points seem heroic, ness to make sure that they are genu- ine remedies. Our object is clear. If our motive is above just challenge | and only an occasional error of judg- ment is chargeable against us we shall be fortunate. Thorough, but Moderate. We are called upon to render the country a great service in more mat- ters than one. Our responsibility be thorough, as thorough as moderate |and well considered, based upon the facts as they are, and not worked out | as if we were begiuners.. We are to | deal with the facts of our own day, | with the facts of no other, and to make | | It is best—indeed, it is necessary—to | 1aws which square with those facts. ) begin with the tariff. Telephone Salesmanship In a town where this Company operates, there is a furniture and paint dealer who sells to farmers and people in other nearby villages by Long Distance Bell Telephone. and furniture. “Long Distance” Has Many Uses. {!3 This dealer reads all the country papers in his vicinity, and when he hears of a new house being erected, or a building going up, he telephones and asks to sell the paint MESABA TELEPHONE COMPANY tariff schedules to give each group of | manufacturers or producers what they | themselves thought that they needed | be. We must abolish everything that | cles which we do not and probably | roots of what has grown up among | us by long process and at our own in-| It does not alter a thing to! up trade, especially foreign trade. We} of energy more than we ever did be- | but remedies may be heroic | It is our busi- | should be met, and our methods should | ing upon you now at the opening of your session which can obscure that first object or divert our energies from jauet clearly defined duty. At a later time I may take the liberty of calling your attention to reforms which should | press close upon the heels of the tariff changes, if not accompany them, of which the chief is the reform of our banking and currency laws, but just ; now | refrain. For the present I put | these matters on one side and think | only of this one thing—of the changes in our fiscal system which may best serve to open once more the free chan- | whom we would serve to the utmost | and throughont both rank and file. WOODROW WILSON. The White House, April 8, 1913. INTEREST IN THE SESSION. For the First Time In Many Years | Democrats Control. Elements in the extra session of con- gress are unusual. President Wilson | has called the great body together at a | time when his party has absvlute con- | trol of every branch of the govern- | ment relating to legislation. This has not been the case before in | twenty years. During that period of long ago when the Democrats were in | power President Cleveland called an | extra session, but the conditions were vastly different from now. The extra session ander President Wilson is remarkable because the law- makers to a large extent are men of | comparatively recent rise to promi- |mence. Because of the fact that the Democratic party is providing a change | from Republican rule for the first time {in sixteen years great interest is cen- tered upon the doings of congress. Virtually a new generation of legis- lators has sprung up. With but a very few exceptions there are no men who figured in congressional doings of | twenty years ago who are sharing the | responsibilities of the body now. Of only one thing has the public been absolutely certain, and that is that the | among the subjects for work by the legislators, and that revision downward would be the purpose. | themselves have not known just bow | the revision is to be managed, and it bas been well understood that they would not all be pleased over all the details of the altimate changes. | The subject bas been thrashed over so | often and earnestly that its intricacies have become feared. The ways and means committee. tentative form of the new tariff meas- ure, has been unable to announce com- pletion of its work in advance of the extra session,.but the probability ts that the measure will be taken up schedule by schedule. The public has been led to expect | that after the tariff is disposed of con | gress will consider currency, the tn- come tax, Philippine independence and | the Panama tolls questions. | Much publicity bas been given to the proposed national income tax. The tax will probably apply only to incomes ot over $5,000 annually. Certain members of congress hold that this sort of levy would be confined to but a compara tively small proportion of the public and that the revenue would not be suf ficient. They argue that an inheritance tax should be added to insure the need ed revenue. EXPECTED TO AFFECT HIGH Broad Reductions on All | Necessaries of Life, 1_ will urge noth- | FREE LIST Duties Entirely Removed From | Many Articles of Food and Clothing, Washington, April 8—Removal of all tariffs from many articles of food | and clothing; broad reductions in the rates of duty on all necessities of life; an increase of tariff on many luxuries and a new income tax that would touch the pocket of every American 000, are the striking features of the new Democratic tariff revision bill, just presented to the house. Sugar would be free of duty in 1916, the bill proposing an immediate | 25 per cent reduction and the removal | of the remaining duty in 1916. Raw wool would be made free at reduction in the tariff on all woolen goods. The following articles are put on the free list: Meat, flour, bread, boots and shoes, lumber, coal, harness, saddlery, iron ore, milk and cream, potatoes, salt, swine corn, cornmeal, cotton bagging, agricultural implements, leather, wood pulp, Bibles, printing paper, not worth more than 2% cents per pound, type- nels of prosperity to a great people | tariff would be first and foremost ! The legislaters | which has had the task of drafting the | COST OF LIVING New Democratic Tariff Makes: IS EXTENDED = citizen whose net income exceeds $4,-| ® t once, with a correspondingly heavy) Wall Pa | | | | it until later. | WE are compelled to move all our Wall Paper from the Myers j Building (formerly Ruesswig Store), and to reduce this large stock as much as possible we offer the entire line at exactly One-Half of the Original Cost This Means Double Rolls at Single Prices | It will pay you to buy your paper now although you may not use THIS IS NOT A JOB LOT OF PAPER, ‘est reg: ular standard goods at from THREE CENTS PER ROLL UP. | Sale Will Continue for One Week GEO. F. KREME Wall Paper Removal Sale THE FURNITURE MAN OPPOSITE POSTOFFICE machines, cash registers, steel rails, | fence wire, cotton ties, nails, hoop; and band iron, fish, sulphur, soda, tan-; | ning materials, lumber products, in- cluding broom handles, clapboards, hubs for wheels, posts, laths, staves, shingles. These principal items are taken from the free list and taxed: Rough and uncut diamonds and pre- cious stones, furs, coal tar products, 10 per cent; volatile oils, 20 per cent: Spices, from Tf Cent fo 2 cents per } Pound. | Reduces Revenue $80,000,000. The new rates are estimated to re- duce the customs revenue approxi- mately $80,000,000 a year. This is ex-| pected to be made up by the income | tax. Teaviest reductions fall upon | food products, woolen and cotton aso | ing. | The free wool proposal, backed by | President Wilson and accepted by the | house committee, is expected to pro-} voke a severe fight within the Demo- cratic ranks of both houses. It has not become clear whether the Demo- cratic opponents of free wool and free sugar in the senate will be able to force a compromise on one or both those provisions. The decision to make a gradual re- duction in the sugar tariff was reached by the president and the house com- | mittee after Louisiana cane growers declined to accept a compromise that | would have established a 1-cent per | pound tariff for three years, with free sugar in 1916. The income tax, which will transfer indirect tax levies through the tariff into a direct tax upon the incomes of individual citizens and corporations, exempts all sums below $4,000. Incomes in excess of that amount will pay 1 per cent tax up to $20,000; |2 per cent from $20,000 to $50,000; 3 |per cent from $50,000 to $100,000 and | 4 per cent above that figure. The present corporation tax, levying | 1 per cent on corporation incomes | above $5,000, would be retained as part of the income tax. To encourage trade with foreign | countries the bill would reverse the maximum and minimum provision of the present tariff law. The new tariff rates would be the maximum tariff, and the president would be given au- thority to negotiate reciprocity trea- |ties and make concessions to coun- tries that grant favors to American exports. | How Northwest Is Affected. | Radical changes in the tariff sched- ules of the United States, such as the sweeping rate reductions proposed in e Democratic bill presented in con- gress, will directly affect the people of | the Northwest. Because the new tar- | iff principle is based upon the free ad- | mission of the necessities of life, and because products of the soil are to a large extent classed within this cate- tgory, the Northwestern farmer may | regard its changes with as much‘con- cern or approval as the Eastern manu- facturer. Reductions in etisting rates which particularly are pertinent to the Northwest follow: Wheat from 25 cents a bushel to 16 | cents a bushel. Meats, fi ir, sugar, potatoes, salt, | fish, swine, atmeal and milk free. Cattle fro: . $2 a head to blanket rate of 10 per cent. Barley from 30 cents 2 bushel to 16 | Straw from $1.50 a ton to 50 cents Beans from 45 cents 4 bushel to 25 cents a bushel. Eggs from 5 cents a dozen to 2 | cents a dozen. | Butter from 6 cents a pound to 3 cents a pound. Cheese from 6 cents a pound to 2 cents a pound. Buckwheat from 15 cents a bushel to 8 cents a bushel. Marshall Shuns Scanaat. Washington, April | 8.—Vice Presi- dent Marshal said h# had not deter- mined what to do with the written al- legations of improper conduct of a Western senator presented to him by He de- Be “Mother was a beauty in ber younger dags.’’ Mother may smile deprecatingly— but—Watch her go to the little top drawer and take out the precious photograph “taken before I was married.” Chances are she will also tell you of her admirers, and we can believe they were many. What a priceless record of her younger charms that {photograph is to mother—and to you. 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