Evening Star Newspaper, January 4, 1942, Page 27

The Sunday Hhar With Daily Evening Editien. THEODORE W. NOYES, Editor. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY. .. January 4, 1942 The Evening Star Newspaper Company. : 11th €t and Pennsylvania Ave 110 East 42nd 8t. Chicasc Office: 435 North Michigan Ave. Delivered by Carrier—City and Suburban. R Edition. ening and Sun: c Der mo. or 18¢ per week e Evening Star 45c per mo. or 10c per week The Sunday Star 10c per copy Night Final Edition. Night Pinal and Sunday Star .. 85c per month Night Final Star 60c per month Rural Tube Delivery. The Evening and Sunday Star 5 The Ev: Ll __55c per mont Btar The Sunday Star J0c per copy Collections made at the end of each month or each week. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phone National 5000. ¢ per mont) Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Daily and Sunday___.1yr.$1200: 1 mo.S100 Batly “onty> 4% 13 sk0n: 1mo’” 78 Sunday only - 1y’ $5.00; 1mo, d0c Bntered ag second-clacs matter post office. ‘Washington. D. C. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to the \:IQ for republication of all news dispalches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this Daper and aiso the local news published herein. Al Fights of publication of special dispatches herein aiso are reserved Unified Command ence, “state functionaries”—the pass- ing: favorites of the Nazl tyrant— would compel conformity. The ulti- mate blasphemy is one which would associate the Deity with Hitler's glorification. Of course, there is little that is novel about this latest crime against the Almighty Father of mankind. A precedent for it might be found in the ravings of Thomas of Munster. It is reminiscent of the fanaticism of the Ku Klux Klan. Only minds flagrantly perverse could conjure up such a demonstration of willful lunacy. There can be no compro- mise with either the author of the “thirty points” or his protector. It must be part of the purpose of God that they display their shame in language which millions will read and resent. End of a Chapter The fall of Manila marks the close of a chapter. It must likewise mark the beginning of another. The chapter just ended is the story of vacillation between policies, good, bad and indifferent. It is the story of a curious mixture of the highest The unity of military command which has been established in the | Southwest Pacific area is both a ' gratifying and a necessary step in the winning of the war ageinst Japan. General Sir Architald P. Wavell, designated as supreme commander, {s a soldier of proved ability. His conduct of the first Libyan cam- paign was an outstanding military achievement and his selection to | head up the combined forces in the | new war theater is one that will meet with general approbation. Much the same thing may be said of the other members of the high command. Admiral Thomas C. Hart, who will command the naval forces; Major General George H. Brett, an | air officer, who will be deputy su-l preme commander; General Sir ! Henry Pownall, chief of staff to Gen- | eral Wavell, and Generalissimo | Chiang Kai-shek, who will command the land and air units in the China theater, are all men possessed of enviable military reputations. Their retention of %their new high posts will depend, of course, upon thelr | performances, but on the record to | date it is difficult to see how better | men could have been selected. { Despite the fact that it seems to | be somewhat vague in spots, this agreement upon a unified command | at the very outset of the Pacific | war marks a great advance over the manner in which the first World War was conducted. It was not until March of 1918—after more than three years of war and several dis- astrous defeats—that General Foch was made inter-Allied eeneralissimo. And even then he lacked the au- thority which seems to have been vested In General Wavell. The contrast between the experi- ence of 1918 and the derisive action | which has been taken so promptly | in this war may be regarded as re- assuring evidence that the govern- ments of the “united nations” have learned a great deal. Experience has shown that in total war a maximum unification and co-ordination of military and economic resources is an indispensable condition of suc- cess, and the agreement announced yesterday—rounding out the eco- nomic understandings arrived at earlier—is an encouraging indication that the Axis leaders are not the | only ones who have learned and are prepared to apply this lesson. The satisfaction with which the | opponents of aggression will receive this latest evidence of the mounting strength of the forces arrayed against the Axis will be equaled only by the consternation which it may | be expected to produce in the enemy camp. The Ultimate Madness When the famous French novelist | Victor Hugo set about the task of | explaining the collapse of Napoleon 1, he developed within himself for that work the genius to discover one of the great elemental truths of all the ages—namely, the existence of 2 power in the universe which will not be flouted. “For Bonaparte to Zonquer at Waterloo,” he wrote, “was not the law of the nineteenth cen- tury. It was time that this vast man should fall. He had been im- peached before the Infinite. He had vexed God.” Something much like those reveal- ing words must be svoken in ap- praisal of a more dan~erous person than ever the Corsican opportunist was even at the apogee of his wicked and disastrous career. President { Roosevelt expressed nothing but the simplest fact when recently he let it be known that the Nazi dictator of maurauding Germany was spon- soring a hideous “new religion” to be inflicted upon the world by force of arms. It now is a published fact that Adolf Hitler’s “philosopher,” Dr. Alfred Rosenberg, the ideologist of the Third Reich, has formulated a 1 program for a “national church” to take the place of Christianity under the swastika. In any circumstance it would be | difficult to imagine a more provoca- tive document than the so-called “thirty points” of the National So- cialist “faith.” It is designed to Ceify Der Fuehrer; it stipulates that | “Mein Kampf” is to be substituted | for the Bible; it banishes the Cross to make room for the naked swerd; 1 it cancels the sacred sacraments of | baptism and marriage; it aims to destroy the acknowledged principles of civilized society in the interest of “purist ethnic morals” which are starkly degenerate in charaster. Resistanee to the preaching of the | ignorance. idealism and of crass materialism, with devious political maneuverings on both sides of the Pacific. The new chapter, just beginning, may be | written in blood. But its theme must be a high unity of purpose, a fixed determination toward a goal from which there shall be no waver- ing, a realization that we have a part to play in a world much smaller than it used to be. We took the Philippines in a war that need never have been fought and we took them, not as conquerors seizing the spolls of war, but as & national responsibility. We took them with little thought of exploit- ing the people or the resources of their rich land, but to free them from a rule that was abhorrent to our democratic ideals. We regarded our seizure of the Philippines as the assumption of an obligation, and in many ways we met that obligation. We gave the Filipinos, for the most part, good, clean government. We brought them the benefits of educa- tion, with the thought that we must free them from the handicap of We brought them the benefits of public health, of scientific inventton, of modern engineering and construction. Their interests were to be our interests and we pledged them that when they them- selves were ready for the hazardous business of self-government and self-determination and self-support | in a cold and ruthless world, we | would withdraw. It will always remain a misfortune that the decision for withdrawal was reached through the high-pressure tactics of the Filipino politicians, plus the selfish interests of those in America who wished to profit by shutting out Philippine preducts from the free markets of the United States. The decision to withdraw | was not governed by the high altru- ism of our original mission. And with the decision to withdraw grad- ually as the Philippine Common- wealth approached its ten-year maturity (in 1945) our interest in the Philippines cooled. They were a long way off. They wanted #free- dom”; let them have it. We were half in and half out of the Philip- pines. For years the military experts had said that we could not hold the Philippines without great and ex- pensive preparations. Our prepara- tions were half-hearted. We could not make up our minds to stay and | we could not decide not to stay. In the past few years, as the Japa- nese menace became something more than a figure of speech, we doubtiess sent to General MacArthur what we could spare and what we could trans- port. But it was too little—and too late. We were unprepared, for we had never seriously convinced our- selves that we should prepare. We took the Philippines when we did not need them. We face their Joss now when we need them vitally; when their loss will make more difficult the long war that lies ahead. We shall regain the Philippines if we have learned, from bitter experi- ence of the past, that the time for indecision and wavering is gone and that we must play our part in the world with the energy and resource- fulness that are part of our national birthright. Industry Goes to War 1t is difficult at this early stage to comprehend the full implications of the Government's decision to stop production of automobiles and light trucks within a few weeks, except for war purposes, and to halt all sales of cars in stock, pending a drastic rationing system to be set, up on January 15 next. It is no exaggeration, however, to say that American industry is undergoing a revolution of far-reaching ramifica- tions for the duration of the war. The extent of this transformation becomes at least partly evident when it is considered that the 1939 census of manufactures—the latest to be taken—rated automobile manufac- turing as the number one American industry in point of value of ma- terials used, value of products manu- factured (including vehicles, parts and accessories) and number of wage earners employed. The steel indus- try was placed second to automobiles in this official survey. 1t was Mevitable, of course, that lines of private enterprise, should feel the impact of the change-over from a defense economy to an all- out war economy. The suddenness of the decisions just reached by the Office of Production Management caught most of the industry off #national orators” would be treason, punishable with death. By infer- [ guard, however. This is quite under- mndlue,'mvlndfluhetih-t the autemobile industry, like other | only a few days ago O. P. M.’s Division of Civilian Supply reiterated that it was unlikely that its plans for Janu- ary automobile production would undergo any change. Leon Hender- son announced Friday that pro- duction of about 200,000 cars will be allowed this month, after which the lid will be clamped on. The immediate ban on automobile sales gave retall dealers no opportunity to adjust their establishments and thelr staffs to meet the blow. New- car dealers overnight have found their businesses brought virtually to a standstill, with their salesmen de- prived of their usual means of liveli- hood and their investments in cars in warehouse or salesroom “frozen” until the rationing plan begins to operate. The manufacturers are slightly more fortunate than the dealers. They will have until about January 31 to prepare their factories for war work. Many automobile plants already are turning out light and medium tanks, Army “jeep” cars, airplane and tank motors, muni- tions and various other kinds of war equipment. Eventually, as factories are converted entirely for war purposes, the plants will be producing planes of many kinds— especially long-range bombers of the | type deemed necessary to gain air | supremacy over our enemles. Thus, | the automobile production industry for the most part will escape the fate of the new-car sales industry, | which seems destined to disappear “for the duration.” Undoubtedly the used-car sales and repair business will increase in importance in the near future, with the possibility that it will be able to absorb a consider- able portion of the employes affected by the new-car ban. The problems of unemployment and business dislocation which are bound to follow in the wake of & quick change-over to & war economy .demand the most earnest attention view to averting unnecessary hard- ships and maintaining public morale. Great sacrifices lie ahead for every one, and these sacrifices, no matter how great, will be made cheerfully and endured courageously providing always it is shown that they are necessary to bring victory. The Session Ends The first session of the Seventy- seventh Congress, which closed on Friday, witnessed legislative accom- plishments of far-reaching impor- tance. But of far greater signifi- cance than any legislative achieve- ment is the drastic change in the came about during the past year. ‘When the session opened last Jan- uary 3 the Congress was beset with dissensions. Partisan politics and intra-party quarrels, growing out of the November elections, were plainly in evidence. The split over foreign policy was the cause of very grave concern. New Dealers were at odds with Old Dealers, and the champions of half a dozen special interests were sharpening their knives in prepara- tion for the fray. This was an atmosphere which promised rough sledding for the vitally important legislative pro- grams in the offing, and vet, all things considered, a great deal was accomplished. The lease-iend prin- ciple was sanctioned and appropria- tions to carry it into effect were granted. The Neutrality Act was amended to open the ports of friendly belligerents to our shipping and to permit the arming of mer- chant vessels. Congress passed leg- islation—by the narrowest of mar- gins in the House—to make possible extension of the training period of men already called into Army serv- ice. A total of some $50,000,000,000 in appropriations and authorizations for defense was voted. But all, or nearly all, of these items provoked extended debate and controversy. With war about to burst upon us, many members of Congress, like many of their constituents, fought a bitter and relentless battle against a legislative program which they thought was going to “lead us into war.” Then, on December 7, the Japanese struck. Almost overnight sectional- ism and partisanship in Congress died away. Declarations of the ex- istence of a state of war between the United States and Japan, Ger- many and Italy were passed by vir- | tually unanimous votes. In the face | of the indisputable fact that the Nation had been plunged against its will into a fight for its very existence, the contending factions in Congress dropped the quarrels which had sud- denly become so inconsequential and embraced without dissent the all- important cause of winning the war. In the second session, which con- venes tomorrow, this new and de- termined unity of purpose, tran- scending anything that we have known, will be a natlonal asset of incalculable importance. It may be doubted whether any democracy has ever gone to war so firmly resolved to win at whatever the cost, and for this we have the Japanese to thank. There is no doubt that we have suf- fered heavy physical damage from their surprise attack, but it has purged America as nothing else could have done of the doubts and dissen- | siens which threatened to defeat us | trom within. There will be differences of opin- ion, to be sure, in the new session of Congress, but we may confidently expect that all members of both branches will submerge all of the old disputes in & commen effort to win the war. That is a most signifi- To s greater extent perhaps than any other single factor it will prove mb-mundotnldmm:;. of Government authorities, with a | congressional state of mind which | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, cant galn over the year just passed. D. America Will Win By Means of Production By Owen L. Scott. The United States now 1s learning what it means to send its troops into battle with fewer planes, fewer tanks, fewer supplies than those of the enemy. Possesssing almost no machine tool in- dustry, the Japanese have an aircraft industry which is of the scrawniest sort, producing models of planes of other na- tions. They have next to no automo- bile industry, their resources almost all are imported across vast stretches of water. Yet a nation of that kind outmatches the United States in modern weapons of war in the first fight. American sol- diers are forced to do their fighting against an enemy who commands the air and who can throw in more mech- anized equipment. Reasons for this rather humillating ex- perience are two. One is found in the fact that the American people—American industry, American labor, American agriculture— displayed unusual selfishness. Instead of devoting the past 18 months to a driving preparation for the war that obviously was approaching, the people of the United States preferred production of gadgets to satisfy personal wants on & scale | that was dazziing. They turned out a | flood of automoblles, refrigerators, wash- | ing machines, vacuum cleaners, electric ' appliances and other goods that fail to frighten an enemy. Then the country argued about who should be enriched by the resuiting boom. Armament production was allowed to get along as best it could, fitted into the spare parts of industry. As a result, American civilians have their comforts and American troops are forced to fight at a disadvantage. That is the first reason for the pres- ent experience. The second lies in what now seems to have been s measure of over-confidence in the leadership of the United States Navy. This leadership appears to have been looking backward to an unusual extent. It pinned its faith on the giant battle- ship and refused to be much impressed by the offensive possibilities of the air- plane. As a result, Japan was permitted to get ahead in the construction of air- «craft carriers and in the development of new tactics. Now the American Navy is caught with its battleships which it cannot risk without first being assured of supremacy in the air above those bat- tleshipe. It is to take months and even years to repair the damage that now is develop- ing in part from the insistence upon | building a Navy to fight the kind of wars that were fought in the past. American | experience today in the sea war with Japan is quite comparable to the French 1 experience with the Germans on land, | except for the fortunate fact that the Japanese, fundamentally, are far weaker than the Germans. This country’s admirals pointed to a war with Japan for 40 years. Then, when war came, they discovered that much of the preparing had to be done over. | The United States is in a position ml learn its lessons and to profit by them. | | The fact that the first victories are going to the forces of a pigmy nation like Japan, probably can serve more than any other thing to cause the people of this country to bestir themselves. Once the United States decides to get going, and once its military and naval leader- ship is shaken down, as it is being shaken down, there is little chance that any other nation or group of nations can stand against us. The reason why is that modern war is made to order for the United States. In airpower, this country, once organ- ized, can make all others look like poor | seconds. The basis of a giant aircraft industry is a large and efficient machine tool industry. No other nation even ap- | proaches this country in machine tool production. Neither does any other na- tion possess the mass production tech- niques or the engineering skill or the | pools of skilled labor that this country possesses. In addition, Americans take | naturally to machines and their upkeep and repair, as well as to their operation. Once the American skills are mobilized for war their enemies will begin to won- der what hit them. In tankpower, the United States, in its giant automobile and its railroad equipment industries, possesses the skill and the machinery for turning out tanks | in immense quantities. However, it is going to take time to get geared up to mass production in these fields. The production goals, until now, have been quite modest and preparations have been on the same modest scale. In naval power, the shipyards of the country are beginning now to grind out destroyers, cruisers and submarines in impressive numbers. All of these smaller craft are needed on a big scale. As a result of recent lessons it is probable that there will be emphasis on produc- tion of a large number of smaller aircraft carriers. The United States hes been emphasizing construction of giant car- riers, but has only seven of them. The Japanese went in for many smaller carriers and is officially reported to have 15 or more. The aircraft carrier often can deliver heavier blows than any bat- tleship because its planes, used as heavy artillery, can seek out their targets over great distances and can strike hard. Battleships are slow and more vulnerable, although still & necessary part of any fleet. There is no doubt about American ability to outproduce Japan many times over. But, having lost the first rounds in this part of the war, the difficulty is to be in finding a way to direct sledge hammer blows against the Japanese. The Pacific is an immense ocean, and 1t offers only three or four approaéhes to Japan. One of those approaches is from the north. This country has air and naval bases on the Aleutian Islands that stretch far out into the Pacific. But they are only stepping stones wmrdi Japan, not good bases from which to deliver an attack. An air base on the Russian-owned Kamchetka Peninsula or at Vladivostok, in Russia, is needed if the northern approach is to be used. The second approach is directly across | the Pacific. This involves the difficult task of moying acress a vast streteh of water, reducing Japaness forces island by isiand until an attack can be directed sgainst the Japanese lalands thetmselves. It means recapturing Wake and Guam 3 C, JANUARY 4, 1942, THE DIVINE OPTIMIST By the Right Rev. James E. Freeman, D.D., LL. D, D.C. L., 3 Bishop of Washington. There come times' in life when the strong tonic of same reassuring and courageous leadership is needed to give men the fortitude and patience to carry on. they cannot of themselves and apart from their fellows meet the stern exi- gencles and trials of life. Often it has been a single voice, strengthened by a great ovarmastering conviction that has called a supine and helpless people away from their lethargy and fears, and in- spired them to a course of action that evoked their highest hopes and their greatest courage. Such strong leaders have now and again arisen and changed the whole | course of human events. Without such leaders the world would not have ad- vanced to the heights it has attained. | Every forum, every battlefield, every laboratory, every new field of human endeavor records the story of a forward action led by those who refused to bow to hindrances or yleld to defeat. To be able to call a reluctant people away from their complacency and inaction to some great service is an accomplishment that is possible only to those who are made strong by the consciousness of the eternal righteousness of the cause they represent. Mightier than all physical and material Whether mén be weak or strong | forces is the power of him who is em- | powered through consecration to a su- preme purpose. The highest example of this is found in the Man of Nazareth, whom men reverently call “Master.” The secret of His incomparable power, His mastery over all the forces of evil, is found in the changeless purpose of His life. Con- fronting every force arrayed against Him, He moved majestically and irre- sistibly to the one purpose to which His life was committed. At no time was this more evident and pronounced than when, toward the close of His ministry, He chal- lenged all the massed powers of evil and declared their ultimate defeat and de- struction. In one of His most startling statements He summed up in sweeping phrases the disasters and tragedies that ‘would be the lot of men. With penetra- tive vision He affirmed that overwhelm- ing misfortunes would come upon the world, that dire calamities would be visited upon the earth. As He drew to the climdx of this prophecy, He con- cluded 1t with these triumphant words: “Be of good cheer, I have overcome the world.” . “Do not give place to fear, hold fast your courage, believe in Me, and you too, shall overcome the world.” Surmounting every malign and evil force, every tragic event, every seeming | defeat, there must come at length to those who accept His leadership and follow His course, triumph and redemp- tion. No other voice has ever dared to make such a statement or to give such a word of assurance. Relying upon His word of promise His loyai followers have hazarded everything, believing that their heroic service and sacrifices were but & glad contribution to His mighty plan of world redemption—the ultimate freedom of men. The time has come in the life of Christian men the world over when this | challenging and reassuring word of Christ's must be accepted and heeded. 1t is a call to brave, courageous men and women; men and women who believe that the Christ’s way of life is the only way that insures happiness and equity, Jjustice and peace for men everywhere. 1t is & way of life that. at times, we have forgotten to follow. The world at large has been too earthbound: its consuming concerns have been acquisition and greed, *selfishness and indulgence, the persistent search for luxury and ease. For amity and good-will, suspicion. {ll- will and hate have become rife and out of it all have issued men of brutish natures who believed in the fury of con- quest: brutish men who wantonly de- stroved and laid waste the homes of unoffending veoples: conscienceless men to whom all the noble ties of kinship and brotherhood and the sacred things of religion meant nothing. Titanic and ruthless forces have risen and “men’s hearts,” to use the language of Christ, “are failing them for fear.” It is against this fear, this debilitating and character-destroying fear that the heroic Master inveighs, telling His chil- dren to face with hope and cheer life’s trials. thev courageously face the tests and trials of life are they made strong to overcome and conquer them. The real conquerors of the ages have been the ! men and women who had such faith in Him and His power, that they were able to survive all conflicts. The call to Christian men and women is for an increase of faith and hope and courazge. Against such the gates of hell shall not prevail. “Be of good cheer; you, too, in My strength shall overcome the world” With this promise we gird ourselves for the days that lie ahead. Capital Sidelights By Will P. Kennedy. The Congressional Record is becoming a book of sermons. The minds and | hearts of members seem imbued as never before with religious fervor. One of the outstanding Christmas sermons was predched by Representative Martin J. Bmith of Washington. He declared that “Inf all the nineteen centuries since the birth of Jesus Christ in Bethlehem, | mankpd has never experienced a Christ- mas so fraught with deep significance” and continued: “The conflict in which we are now and will be engaged during the coming vears shall determine the destiny and type of government for man- kind for the next 1.000 years.” Predict- ing that out of the present travail “we shall build a permanent new world social ord:r founded upon the eternal prin- | ciples of Christian truth and justice.” he | argued that the prophecy of Isaiah will be fulfiiled. *x a8 A beautiful word porirait of historic “Pitchfork Ben” Tillman by Josephus Daniels, until recently Ambassador to Mexico and formerly Secretary of the Navy during the first World War, has been placed in the Record through the co-operation of Senate Leader Barkley and Senator Maybank of South Carolina. ‘The laconic slogan, characterizing the American attitude, coined by “Ben” Till- man, was quoted: “Skeered o' nothing,” and he was cited as having made a great contribution to the creation of an ade- quate Navy. “He had won his spurs as wearer of a red shirt when the immortal Wade Hampton made an end of recon- struction in South Carolina,” Mr. Daniels sald. “He later overturned the ruling powers with his pitchfork as the polit- ical dynamo in action to call to remem- brance the forgotten man. He became Governor and later champion of liberal Jaws in Congress. He piloted through the Senate the biggest Navy construc- ‘“tion program in the history of the world.” * *x x ¥ Representative Luther Johnson of ‘Texas is displaying to his colleagues a Christmas letter he received from the Rev. Dr. George W. Truett of Dal- las, Tex., who for more than 40 years has been pastor of the same church “and is one of the world's greatest preachers and beloved of all men.” after preaching all over the world, dur- ing the first World War Dr. Truett preached on the steps of the Capitol, here in Washington, and there are still in Congress a dozen members who heard him and recall his words. The Christmas letter was printed in the Congressional Record on Christmas eve, as “an inspir- ing message to humanity in these dark days.” end knocking the Japanese out of hun- dreds of other Pacific islands. ‘The third approach is from the south. If Singapore can be held and if-the Japanese can be driven out of air range of that base, then there will be the means for striking directly at Japans power. The reason is that, if Japan can be denied the ofl and ether raw materials of the South Pacific, she gradually will be starved, even if there is no direct asszult upon the Japanese islands them- selves. The Philippines offer iron, man- ganese, chrome and vegetable oils but not petroleum and not many of the other minerals. The fourth approach is from China. If the Burma road can be kept open and if American planes and air forces can be moved to interior China, there are bases from which attacks can be made on Japan preper. By arming the Chinese, teo, there is an tmmense stors of man power which can be organised to bring heavy pressure on the Japaness Army. » He recalls that | | Inhabitants’ Association at the meeting this morning at their rooms in the Cor- | coran Building. For years it has been the custom for this assoclation to meet | began early. Fifty Years Ago In The Star Pifty New Years ago Washington had something now grimly lacking—a bril- liant peacetime social re- White House ception at the White & House. The Star for New RCCQPMH Year Day, 1892, discussed it at great length, saying: “There was just enough of crispness in the air this morning to make the warmth of the ‘Executive Mansion something to be ap- preciated, and so far as the weather was concerned nothing could have been more desirable for the general success of a New Year Day reception. The prepara- tions at the White House for this, the stateliest function of the year's record, By 9 a force of fifty-three policemen under Lt. Guy began to show up in almost as manv ections about the house and grounds.” continued with a list of prominent guests, a description of gowns worn and a de- tailed report on all activities. * % % » Not to be outdone by the White House, the Oldest Inhabitants’ Association held their annual New Year | meeting. The Star's ac- “The bright sunlight no doubt had a great deal to do with the large Oldest Inhabitants <°u"" reported: He reminds them that only as | The account | A New Kind of Peace By Frederic J. Haskin. | Possibly in no war period in the world's | history have so many people been con- | cerned about the kind of world order | that inevitably will follow the cessation of hostilities as they are today. This is understandable, for history shows the ultimate futility of peace treaties. To be sure there are exceptions, but there have been so many recurring instances of war that the people now are seeking & kind of peace which the world never has known before. This time there may not be a peace agreement, Instead, a new order for the world would be established and the nations successful in the conflict would say what that order would be. It is evident now that this is what Hitler and his cohorts have in mind in the event they win, and the broad outlines of what the Nazis propose to do can now be clearly seen. Their political philosophy for 20 years, their speeches for eight years and their actions for almost two years stand as unmistakable evidence of the type of world order the Germans would impose. Narrowed to its briefest outline, Hitler would set up three great geo-political empires. The first would be the Ger- man division, consisting of Europe, Asia | and Africa. Great Britein would be | made a sort of Vichy France, and the | Italians would be permitted to have what might be termed a subempire, but dominated by the Germans. This Ital- jan-in-name division would cover South- ern Europe, North Africa and part of the Near East. The third great empire would consist of the Western Hemisphere with the United States as the directing center of activities. With this line-up the Germans with their claim of being the superior race would undertake to rule the world for at least a thousand years, that period of time being recently mentioned by Hitler. ! This mapping out of the world by & few misguided fanatics, however, appears to be only a way station to a grand climax of utter defeat and the end of the greatest illusion of all history. For | the democracies of the world, headed by the United Stetes and Great Britain, have their own idea of a new order for the world and which they have avowed will one day supplant Hitler's maps and be a substitute for any peace treaty which he may want. In essence, there seems to be an ever- increasing opinion that wishing, hoping, negotiating, and even. praying for peace are not the remedies to stop aggressors. They must be subdued first and given | to understand that they cannot rise “ again with any hope of succeeding. | Preservation of ideals long cherished by | free peoples would be safeguarded at all cost, for now it is crystal clear that preparedness is more economical than unpreparedness. This new order for the world which the democracies have set out to establish probably had its beginning on August 14, 1941, when President Roosevelt and | Prime Minister Churchill issued their famous Atlantic Charter. From all ob- ! servations Mr. Churchill's recent visit to the United Stetes is only a follow up of the decisions he and Mr. Roosevelt made at sea. Representatives of other nations have responded to the clarion | call and winning the war appears to be only & prelude to what is to follow. The first point of the Atlantic Charter | contains the spark of human considera- tion which appeals to the majority of the peoples of the world, and it is the very opposite of the capstone in Hitler's plans. That first point makes unmistakably plain that no aggrandizement, territorial or otherwise, is the aim of Great Britain and the United States. Throughout the juint declaration made by this country's President and Great Britain'’s Prime Minister also can be found the very opposite which the Nazis proclaim in words and actions. Thus, the anti-Axis powers are not only fight= ing & physical war, but defending the | moral and spiritual values on which a attendance of the members of the Oldest | cprictian civilization has been built. The on the first day of the year and then in a body proceed to the White House to pay their respects to the Chief Execu- tive of the Nation. The meeting this morning was attended by an unusually large number and as is always the case, whether the attendance is large or small, the members came together in a very happy frame of mind. They showered good wishes upon each other, and the vigorous tones and hearty laughter which this social meeting evoked dem- onstrated that the members of the so- ciety are old only in years.” * % ¥ % A commonplace reality today was merely a vision half a century ago. The Star of January 4, 1892, A Dream carried this item: “The Realized engineers of the Belt Line tunnel, now being con- structed under Baltimore * * * propose to light it by electricity, have it perfectly free from smoke and make it the model railroad tunnel of the country. The plans so far considered are hot-air currents. fans and flues, cable traction pnd\elecmcln'. * * * Tt was thought that on account of the weight of the trains no electric motor could produce force enough to move them. Prof. Duncan, the electriclan at Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, says that force enough can be generated and that the trains can be hauled through the tunnels by electricity if 1t is so desired.” LR A warlike touch was given the news by the announcement of & new cavalry weapon, in The Star of A New January 2, 1892: “Capt. W. Weapon F. Peel of the British Army has invented and tested a contrivance for adding to the effective fighting strength of the cavalry. The invention * * * consists of an attach- ment for rifies or other firearms to the harness of cavalry horses in such & manner that-they may while so attached be fired at the will of the rider.” /The invention sounds quaint now, but 1t is interesting to note that the basic idea recently has been adopted. Then, when the most mobile striking force of an retention of this civilization would be the ultimate purpose of this democratic order. To make the new order effective and give it an avenue through which to function, s federation of democracies of the world would be formed. This federation would be different from other agreements, where men have sat around council tables, listened to high-sounding phrases and signed on the dotted line to reduce armaments. It would be a federation of free nations, regardliess of thefr color, creed or language, and each member nation would erm itself to pro- tect the things for which it stood and for which the federation stood. When this should prove impossible within the limits of its resources and man power, all members of the federation imme- diately would come to the aid of the op- pressed member. It is pointed out that had such a federation been operative when Hitler invaded Czecho-Slovakia he could have been stopped. Citizens of the various federated coun- tries would be assured and provided with the utmost freedom and opportunity to develop and advance their sense of com- munity and common interest with all mankind. This, too. would be the very antithesis of the order which the Ger- mans seek to establish. The whole scheme, of course, has the appearance of the ill-fated League of Nations, but the proponents of the new plan make no apologies for that. They point out that by avoiding the mistakes of that body the new plan would be effective, for most of the countries rep- resented in the League had first of all an eye on what they could get, not whet they could give. The United States never became a member, but if it had, the same principle of no aggrandizement now enunciated would have prevailed. This federation of democracies would be co-operative in all economic lines. For example, tarffs between member countries would be lifted and exchange of commodities placed entirely on a quota basls, subject to revision as conditiens changed. This means that if farmers in the United States have a surplus of wheat, for instance, and Great Britain has a shortage that year, the queta could be changed 30 as to play favorably to beth countries. Other measures would be adopted to insure s free flow of com- merce, and it is even suggested that eration travel on the same status as do the people of the several states in this eountry. 8 N