Evening Star Newspaper, May 16, 1940, Page 3

G STAR, WASHINGTO D. C, THURSDAY, MAY 16, 1940. Nazi Methods Used in Low Countries Shock Pro-German Nation Now Relies On Soviet to Keep Balkans Out of War Bears Allies Grudge, but Might Join Them if They Get There First By RICHARD MOWRER, Chicago Daily News Foreign Correspondent. + SOFIA, May 16.—The concussion of the terrific events of the past days is having a profound effect in Bulgaria, hitherto regarded as un- waveringly pro-German. The Bul- garians are shocked. They are shocked by the viciousness of the German attack on three small neu- trals. They are shocked by the ~Germans’ use of enemy uniforms by their parachute troops. To Bul- garians, a Balkan fighting people with a strict sense qf military honor, this type of deceit is dishonorable. <The Bulgarians were willing to believe that the German attack on Norway was provoked by the allies’ laying of mines in Norwegian waters. The German invasions of Czecho-Slovakia and Poland, both Slav nations, left the Bulgarians cold. But they cannot swallow the German explanation of the attack on Holland, Belgium and Luxem- bourg. Hitherto bound to the Reich by revisionist sentiments, the Bul- garians are today uneasy about Germany and in their uneasiness they are turning more and more to Russia. For the first time since the war began the press here is neutral. " German Tourists Turned Back. On Monday, Bulgarian frontier guards turned back a carload of German tourists at the Yugoslav border. Significant, too, is the rumor that the new Russian Min- ister to Sofia will be none other than Jakob Suritz, erstwhile Soviet Ambassador to Paris. Increasingly evident is the Russians’ desire to make Sofia their diplomatic head- quarters for the Balkans. Their only Minister in the Balkans at the present time is in Ankara. Recently the Soviet Minister in Sofia went to Moscow with the military attache. The military attache returned, but the Minister did not. Sofia suspects that the Russians are planning to send some high-power man here, and Bulgars believe it might be Buritz, Much impressed by the horrible efficiency of mechanized warfare, Bulgaria wants to stay out of it. Until recently Bulgaria has been amiable to Italy. It was thought that Italy, as a powerful neutral, would guarantee the Balkans against war. Italy’s recent warlike mani- festations, however, have now com- pelled Bulgaria to steer away. To the Bulgarians, Russia seems "the best bet for keeping war out of the Balkans. They have always had & vague sort of faith in Russia and they are delighted by Russia’s poli- tical expansion toward Yugoslavia. ‘The Bulgarians are able to justify Russian aggressions: After all, in Poland, Russia was getting back lost territory, they argue, and of Fin- “land, Russia took only what it had demanded and was permitting Fin- land to exist independently and bad evacuated Petsamo, as promised. No Fondness for Allies. For the eallies, Bulgaria has no fondness. Sne bears them a grudge about peace treaties she will not for- get. Moreover, Russian propa- ganda—which at first did not blend well with the German—no longer speaks of the Hitler menace but emphasizes the necessity of Russian protection against “war-mongering Pplutocracy.” Just how Bulgaria is going to stay out of war, if war comes to South- eastern Europe, is conjecture. Bul- garia is unlikely to attack anybody, not even Rumania should Russia move into Bessarabia. Observers “here believe Bulgaria would be com- pelled to take sides. Bulgaria might side with whichever great power got here first—Russia, Germany, the allies. In case it is the allies, how- ever, the Bulgarians would certainly resist the Greeks, whom they are sure they can beat any day, or the Turks whom they think they can beat. If the allies moved in British or French troops, instead of Greeks and Turks, the Bulgarians might be . But such an eventuality is Meantime Bulgaria is sitting tight, watching the western front with fascination. (Copyright, 1940, Chicago Daily News, Ine.) Bicycle Purse Snatcher Pedals Off With $6 A purse-snatching committed from & moving bicycle was among six pocketbook thefts, involving loot of more than $80, recorded by bolice today. A purse containing $6 was taken from Lucretia Warmick, 2721 Con- necticut avenue N.W., by a colored man as he sped by on a bicycle at Fifteenth and P streets N.W. last ight, she reported to police. Maude F. Knott, 1911 Eighteenth street N.W., told investigators her pocketbook containing $16 was stolen from e table in the bedroom of her sapartment, apparently by a colored an seen fleeing from the building. Virginia Barry, 1759 R street NW., said & colored man fled with her ‘Yurse containing $20 and a pair of glasses from a bowling alley on upper Fourteenth street N.W. last night. A purse containing $10 was stolen from the home of William F. Frost at 3809 Ingomar street N.W., and & Jike amount of money was in s purse stolen from William H. Spencer’s apartment at 2101 Wyom- ing avenue N.W. Norma Woodhouse, 2006 N street N.W., told police some one took her purse containing $23 from her apartment. Grace Hall, 1122 Eighth street NW, put a colored man to flight with her umbrella when he at- to snatch her purse near her home last night, she reported. SANITARY CARMETY & RUG-CLEANING CO. 106 INDIANA AVE. L3 By MORGAN M. BEATTY. Associatea Press Stan writer Call it blitzkrieg if you want to, but the pattern for total war in Western Europe for 1940 was cut 150 years ago by a brilllant man of military letters, the German Karl von Clausewitz. “The pit of the stomach of France,” wrote Clausewitz, “lies be- tween Paris and Brussels!” In other words, a swift, hard, solar plexus blow must fall somewhere along a Paris-Brussels line, or it won't knock out France. And if Clausewitz had been able to forecast the permanent alliance of Great Britain and France that exists today, he would have extended his imaginary line to Amsterdam, and included the British lion in his prize ring comparison. For that’s the scene of war today, Just as it was in 1870 and in 1914. Even as it was when Napoleon was whipped at Waterloo. And Clausewitz’s pattern of war is the only one for Western Eu- rope. The allied commander in chief knows it. His country was once beaten ¢in 1870), and again almost knocked out in 30 days (in 1914) because it preferred Napoleon to Clausewitz in this special matter of the solar plexus blow. Napoleon on the Shelf. So today, Gamelin, working with millions to Napoleon's thousands, puts no faith in Napoleon’s theory that the best defense is an offense. Instead, he parries the first German thrust with advance guards and waits behind the Maginot Line with his millions and his highly-touted French artillery. His eyes and his mind are on the defense of that line. Since Clausewitz’s day have come many innovations in warfare—long- range artillery, the French 75, the gasoline motor, the airplane, motor blitzkrieg and, now, parachute troops. But the No. 1 difference in total war, 1940 style, and the World War at its beginning in 1914, is this allied waiting behind strongly fortified lines. The No. 2 difference between 1914 and now is the German advantage of having but a single front to fight on. Today there is no Russian bear at Germany’s back. This advantage is partly offset by the fact that the Germans are more desperate now for food and raw materials. No. 3—and the sole remaining dif- ference of importance—is mechan- ized warfare, especially motor and aerial blitzkrieg. Allies Have Sea Power. There are also striking similarities between then and now. Then, the striking force of the German Army was not as large as the allies’, but it was more powerful and unified. Thats’ true today. Then, as now, the allies possessed superior naval pow- er, but were forced by German in- itiative to accept battle on land. The Germans then, and the Ger- mans now, carry close to their hearts a plan of war that visions a single great battle, with no need for a pur- suit and a battle again tomorrow. In a word it is, “envelopment!” The Germans have practiced en- velopment since they beat the French at Sedan in 1870. That's what almost won at Charleroi in 1914. That’s what swallowed up Po- land in 1940 and paralyzed Norway. ‘The idea is to encircle the enemy in a great crescent of force, then, when he strikes your center (as he is supposed to do, for it is weak), you march both ends of the crescents around to his rear and pour fire into his back ‘The French have a very differ- ent idea of war. They prefer the business called mass of maneuver, where you stagger your great armies like stair steps, one behind the other, the you feint. When you detect the enemy’s weak spot, you throw your greatest force into him there, and roll up his flanks. But instead of attacking the enemy before his relative strengths are actually known—the almost fatal blunder of 1914—the French are re- vising their conception of this type of warfare. They still stagger their armies, poising them for a knockout blow at the enemy’s weakest point, but they're trying to wait until they find that point. Lesson From Papa Joffre. ‘They hope Gen. Gamelin won’t have to wake up in his headquarters 20 days after the -outbreak of war and find himself a beaten general. That’s what happened to Papa Jof- fre in 1914. He had thrust his great armies into the southern end of the western front. He had used up all his reserves. Still the Germans were coming at him from Belgium. He retreated while he rearranged his stair steps armies. And on the morning of the First Battle of the Marne, he told his men: “Advance. If you cannot advance, stand and die!” g in hand, watched part of the bat- tle. He saw the dream of German world power crumble and vanish before his eyes. For the French, British and, Bel- gian soldiers in that battle ad- vanced, or they stood and died. Today another German genius— Adolf Hitler—stands on ‘the same western front. He tells his men that the fate of the German nation for 1,000 years to come depends on what they are about to do. Wil) a German dream crumble to dust before Hitler's eyes? Or will it come true? 5 The answer lies not alone in strategy, in blitzkrieg. It depends on the stuff men are made of along a thin line of the earth’s surface extending from Paris to Zedland, Truss Headquarters We are very proud of our 30 years’ ond more experience in properly fitting trusses. We have ex- perienced personnel for men end women. Our prices are ressonsble. GIBSON'S 917 G 5t, N.W. The gray-clad Kaiser, field glasses |- “North Sea 2 10 20 30 40 50 MILES 3 France Waits as Hitler Attempts Old Knockout Plan German War Pattern Cut Out 150 Years Ago by Karl von Clausewitz; Solar Plexus Blow Must Fall Along Paris-Brussels Line BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF THE BATTLEFIELD—Arrows show approximate points where Germans crossed frontiers in their drives through the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. In 1870 the Germans won a great victory at Sedan, Eastern France; in 1914 they won the first great battle of the war at Charleroi, Western Belgium. Vandenberg (Continued From First P_n‘ge) the national convention's choice, whoever he may be. Asks Cool-Headed Restraint. Of the war in Europe, Senator Vandenberg said: “I have no language strong enough to express my condemnation of the anti-Christ who turns this destruction loose upon peaceful, un- offending neighbors. “Yet the greater our resentment, the greater must be our cool-headed restraint in official policy and ac- tion because the greater must be our determination to stay out unless this war comes to the New World “We cannot go to Europe and control her destiny even if we would—any more than we could have controlled the history which has produced this crisis. Seeks War Insulation. “We cannot isolate ourselves in this foreshortened world. But it must be our task to insulate our- selves to the last possible degree against this scourge. We must never surrender to the state of mind which resigns itself to the ultimate inevitability of our involvement—a state of mind which entirely too often possesses Washington. And we must never forget that we have our hands full in saving democracy at nome. We owe that not only to America, but to the world, “If any alien war lord mistakes this attitude for the timidity which would buy peace at any price, or which would surrender the Americas to a violation of our neighbors, he will be sadly disillusioned if this sinister plague comes to our shores. In national defense—here and in every essential outpost—we shall, if challenged, fight to the last man and the last dollar. If we give ade- quate attention to this national de- fense, I continue to be one of those who believes we need never fear the issue. Even in the face of an ulti- mate hazard which some fear might confront us hereafter, we shall be relatively safer against the ex- hausted victors, whoever they may be, if we have conserved our power. But it would be folly for us not to turn to this problem of national defense with a new and a grim zeal. Not to implement entangling alli- ances. Not to police the world. But to make national defense—defense of the homeland and its outposts— as impregnable as possible. Urges Defense Committee. Essential appropriations for these purposes must be made. But let’s not blind our eyes to facts. This Objective requires something more than lavish appropriations. We have had those for five years; yet we now find that they have not bought us the degree of protection we an- ticipated. Shocking deficiencies are coming to light. Without a mo- ment’s delay we should find out why. We should discover what is wrong. We should swiftly arrange to make all defense appropriations fit the lessons of today's disclosures in the new technique of war. I sharply question whether our Government is geared to meet this end. I think Congress should set up a spe- cial joint committee on the con- duct of the national defense to sit continuously—not to subordinate War and Navy Department ex- perts to the amateur strategy and Jjudgments of political direction but to constantly hold the War and Navy Departments to strict accounta- bility for the required results. Con- gress should not recess until it sees this problem through in some de- pendable form. This does not mean that the war is coming to us. No one should read that implication in these words. It simply means that prudence and foresight are always better than remorse. America must be strong. Not to make war but to defend against war if it comes. I continue to be- lieve that it need not come and that it will not come if we cling relentlessly to foreign policies of non-involvement. But America must not be left at the mercy of any man’s opinion. It must always be ready for eventualities. Baker Holds 6-Vote Lead InLocal I. T. U. Balloting Local balloting in general elec- tions of the International Typo- grapical Union today gave Claude M. Baker, Indianapolis incumbent, a total of 1,059 votes for president— only a six-vote margin over his op- ponent, Francis P. Barrett. Mr. Barrett, present vice president of the international group, polled 1,053 votes in elections held here yesterday by the Columbia Typo- graphical Union, No. 101. - John J. Conley received 1,150 votes for secretary-treasurer, as against 930 for Woodruff Randolph, incum- bent. Mr. Conley is second vice president of the I. T. U. ‘Winners in the local contest for delegates to the typographical union convention in New Orleans in Au- gust were Marion P. Brewington, Louis E. Shomette, Jack O’Connell and Floyd C. Grimes. Alternates named were George M. Coleman, John W. Moran, James J. O'Con- nor and Norman Sandridge. ANAMAS CLEANED—BLEACHED BLOCKED RBACHRACH 733 11th St. N.W. ALTERATION HANDS MEN'S CLOTHING FITTERS, BUSHELMEN, FINISHERS, PRESSERS For immediate employment, apply Mr. Stack, Room 400 9 AM. FRIDAY STAR BUILDING Americans __(Continued Prom First Page) _ village in the Aisne department when the Nazi aerial attacks made it impossible to continue rescue work. Another American ambulance driver, Lawrence A. Jump of Nan- tucket, Mass., who was attached to the Prench Army, was reported missing after German artillery shelled his ambulance. Official French reports to the American volunteers ambulance or- ganization in Paris said the ambu- lance was heavily shelled during a local action in the Sarreguemines sector of the western front several days ago. Another Ambulance Wrecked. Another American ambulance was wrecked and three others hit by shells, Col. James Sparks, head of the volunteer unit, announced. Col. Sparks said it had not been determined whether Jump was killed, wounded or taken prisoner. His ambulance was in flames when it was last seen by a French officer. An ambulance driven by Charles Willen of New York City was re- ported wrecked. Willen said he counted more than 50 shrapnel holes in the car. Ambulances driven by Paul Willis of Albuquerque, N. Mex.; Thomas Esten of Stoughton, Mass., and Jack Calhoun, an American resident of Paris, also were hit by shells, Col. Sparks said the ambulances were plainly marked with red crosses. Was Dartmouth Graduate. New York headquarters of the American Volunteer Ambulance Corps said Mr. Jump was a member of that organization, having joined in Paris recently. . He listed his birthplace as Oakland, Calif., and lived recently in Newton, Mass., and Manchester, N. H. He was grad- uated from Dartmouth in 1936. Father of 16 children, 13 of whom are living, Stephen Chapman of Waterdale, England, has, at the age of 46, joined the British forces for the third time. Channel Believed Objective of Present Nazi Offensive Maij. Eliot Sees Effort to Cut Off Allied Forces By MAJ. GEORGBE FIELDING ELIOT. Since Tuesday the war situation has undergone one fundamental change. It is now clear that the Germans are developing a major effort in the vicinity of Sedan to break through the French main de- fense line. Another attack is said to be proceeding at Montmedy, farther to the east. It is possible that the Germans think they can thus cut off all the allied troops be- tween Sedan and the coast and roll up this part of the allied armies against the Channel, as Ludendorfl planned to do to the British in the spring of 1918. That the German attempt is being made farther east is significant of the greater range and speed of modern weapons and means of military movement; and also, of course, because it preserves a shorter and less vulnerable line of communications. It must be kept in mind that this attack may be only a diversion or side show and that the main German effort may come farther north di- rected against Brussels and Ant- werp; indeed, last night there were some indications that this may be the case. At the present writing the Ger- mans in the Sedan sector appear to have penetrated the French out- post zone in several places, as will always be possible in attacking a modern fortified position; but there is no indication of anything faintly resembling a break-through, and the French have launched local counter- attacks which appear to have had some measure of success. Crossings Hotly Contested. On the center of the main battle- front along the Meuse, the Germans claim to have taken three of the forts of Namur (perhaps the three on the last bank, Maizeret, Andoy and Dave), and to have crossed the | Meuse elsewhere; but the crossings appear to have been hotly contested, and the fortress of Namur appears still able to contest the possession of the bridges there. Still farther north, in the Ant- werp-Liege-Brussels triangle, the situation is confused, with armored forces of both sides clashing furi- ously in battles whose tactics, when we learn the details, will assuredly be of great interest, but whose out- come is uncertain, as reflected in the claims of success by both sides. The Germans claim two of the Liege forts (Loncin and Lartin). The oth- ers appear still in Belgian hands, and continue to hamper German use of communications. German armored troops have advanced near enough to Louvain to enable German long- range artillery to commence a rather spotty bombardment of that city. The only certain factor in this situ- ation is that the German movements are meeting with stout opposition. This opposition may presently re- cede, permitting a German advance toward Louvain and Brussels; or it may be reinforced and press the Germans back on Liege. One further possibility is that the Germans may now be collecting troops in North Brabant for an at- tack on Antwerp, the fall of which would be a serious threat to allied communications in Belgium and might open the way to the Belgian coast for the Germans. However, Antwerp is stoutly fortified and the Germans are none too secure in North Brabant themselves at the moment. No Counterstroke Yet. No major allied counterstroke has yet made its appearance. This may be due either to the time factor, to waiting for the German drives against Sedan and the Meuse to exhaust themselves, to shortage of troops for the purpose or to German air superiority. The latter appears to be one of the chief factors in the fighting. — e~ ST TE. See the Dogwood in SPRING VALLEY and the Silver Star Home W. C. & A. N. MILLER DEVELOPMENT CO. 1119 17¢h St. N.W. DL 4464 A&N Trading Co. Is Headquarters For Women'’s Play Clothes AT TYPICAL A&N SAVINGS Here ot ASN . . . ond ot famous AGN low prices « oo you'll find complete selections of women's and misses’ slacks, shorts, ensemble suits, ploy suits and the new popular Dude Ranch clothing. ANl sizes! All new summer colors. Dude Ranch Style Denim Slacks_..._-$1.95 wp Matching Jackets .. Plaid Shirts .. — ] Sen———— ) Cowgirl Boots ... 695 Twill Slacks—large selection of sizes ! and colors -~ 100 wp Corduroy Slacks (light weight), 3 colors_ 3.95 Shorts—large selection of colors. All sizes 1.00 wp Sport end Polo Shirts.__._... Ensemble Suits (shint and slacks| Sharkskin Play Suits (2-pioce metching skirt) 295 Trading. Co. AGN Fm?-fiu.hulm.l!’i‘::i 8, open Sats. 'til 10 P.M, -- 5% to 1.95 ---195 to 395 .terday to any decisive success, There is'a tendency for tnitial atr| superiority to grow, losses (if such may be assumed) bear more heavily in proportion on the weaker side, and the stronger is continually able to extend his at- tacks against the weaker’s bases as well as against aircraft in flight. The allies labor under a severe dis- advantage in that continual German threats of air attacks against the British Isles must detain a number of aircraft and flying personnel in Great Britain which could be use- fully employed on the western front. However that may be, the Ger- mans seem little nearer than yes- though on the other hand there is no really encouraging news from the allied viewpoint. If in the next 24 hours, however, the Germans have made no further considerable ad- vances, it will begin to be possible that their drive has at last lost its initial momentum and that the moment for counter-attack ap- proaches. On item of interest is the sup- posed “new weapon,” which from present accounts appears to be specially adapted for the use of parachute troops. If this is the case, its exclusive possession by the Ger- mans will not be of long standing, since many parachutists have been killed or captured and their weapons are in allied hands at the moment. (Copyright, 1940, by New York Tribune, Inc.) Symphony Campaign Holding Final Report Luncheon Today Membership Meeting In Afternoon to Name Six Directors The third and final report lunch- eon in the National Symphony Or- chestra’s annual sustaining fund campaign was to be held today at ‘the Carlton Hotel. Volunteer workers in the drive for $107,600 have intensified their activ- ities in the past few days, particu- larly since the second report lunch- eon Monday when it was reported that $63887—or 59.19 per cent—of the goal had been raised. The cam- paign began May 6. The National Symphony Orches- tra Association scheduled its an- nual membership meeting for 5 o'clock this afternoon at the Carl- ton. The program includes presi- dent’s report on the 1939-1940 sea- son and election of six directors to fill vacancies on the board. The Silver Spring (Md.) branch of the Suburban Committee, behind in its quota, announced a benefit concert tonight at 8:15 o'clock, at the Woodside Methodist Church at Silver Spring. Those who have volunteered their services are: Ger- trude Troutman, 11-year-old pianist; Lily Garrett, contralto soloist at Mount Vernon Place Methodist Church; Justin Lawrie, tenor and choirmaster of Foundry Methodist Church, and Fague Springman, baritone and head of the music de- partment, National Park Seminary. Polish Club Dance The Polish Club of Washington and Group 848, Polish National Al- liance, will hold a dance at 9 p.m. Saturday in Stansbury Hall Audi- torium, 5832 Georgia avenue N.W., it was announced today. The Polish dance class will present the Kra- kowiak, a folk dance, in the citizen- ship program of the Americaniza- tion School at 7:30 p.m. Sunday at the Departmental Auditorium, Thirteenth street and Constiution avenue N.W. BRAKE RELINED 20,000 mi. Free ad- for the Iite of the linings Hydraulics 58.25 Ford } Chevrolet o 1 ‘S‘lo.SO CLIFT'S Plymouth Buick 40 BRAKE SERVICE 2002-4 K St. N.W. ME. 6232 Guaranteed justmen Oldsmobite Pontiac Get Your Car Ready for Spring! 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Haskell expressed a doubt that the Regular Army “could scrape up 75,000 trained men for combat in this country.” “The National Guard, with an aue thorized strength of 235,000 men, has neither proper equipment nor train- ing,” he said. Citing the New York National Guard as an example, he said its 16 new anti-aircraft guns are already obsolescent, that the tank company’s two machines were also in this clas- sification and that his recent request for pistol ammunition was returned by the Ordrance Department with the notation “not available until August or September ” Gen. Haskell listed 10 suggestions for immediate improvement of the armament, land and naval. They included a two-ocean Navy and a recommendation that the United States “take political interference with Army planning and the pork barrel out of national defense.” ONTIA SIX—IIGNT—TOIP!DOC H. J. BROWN PONTIAC, Inc. Direet Factery Deal Rossiyn! 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