Evening Star Newspaper, February 8, 1940, Page 1

Weather Forecast Fair, with lowest temperature about 32 degrees tonight; tomerrow increasing cloudiness and warmer; rain by night. Temneratures today—Highest, 43, at 1 pm. lowest, 31, at 7:45 am. From the United States Weather Bureau report. Full details on Page A-2. Late New York Markets, Page 18. 88th YEAR. No. 34,981. Che Foeni WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION ng Star WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1940 —FORTY-SIX PAGES. **# 250,000 Reds Repelled 7th Day, Say Finns ‘Chute Troops in Finnish Disguise Reported Taken THIRD CANADIAN UNIT landed in England under navy guard; new contingent arrives unheralded; troops go to training camps. Page A-2 MORE BRITISH AID on way to Finns, Chamberlain reveals; satis- fied with results of Balkan parley, he tells Commons. Page A-2 NEW METHODS AND WEAPONS slow to make appearance in pres- ent war, Maj. Eliot finds, in spite of much technical development. Page A-3 CANADIAN WAR UNITY ‘“real” election issue, Mackenzie King says in election keynote speech on radio. Page A-4 BALKAN COUNTRIES to have armies on war footing next month; six nations repeating 1939 military concentrations. Page A-4 CHINESE PLANNING air raids on Japan, Tokio navy spokesman says; defense preparations taken throughout Western Nippon. Page A-6 BY the Associated Press, HELSINKI, Feb. 8—A quarter of a million fighters of the Red Army have thrown themselves against the ice-bound fronts of Finland in a critical February offensive and for the seventh successive day have fallen back, Finnish advices from the front indicated today. “Some thousands” died two days ago in one sector on the Karelian Isthmus, the high command reported in a com- munique. Fighting, continued Finnish military advices said the offensive had fallen short though the invaders were using every pos- sible weapon, including dropping of patrols by parachute. 'Chute Troops Captured. The communique said “several” Russian patrols dropped by para- chute behind the lines had been cap- tured and that four more Soviet war- planes had been downed in aerial fighting. The Russians were dis- guised in Finnish army uniforms for operations behind the battle lines, the announcement said. Minor criticism of the Finnish ad- ministration meanwhile appeared for the first time since the outbreak ~of the conflict. The conservative newspaper Aam- ulehti complained editorially that there were some “men at the front who have not received warm arti- cles of clothing relatives sent them long ago. Faults are becoming so . glaring that in one way or the other they must be corrected.” The communique described fresh Finnish successes against the in- vaders on the Karelian Isthmus, northeast of Lake Ladoga and further north along the Russian frontier. The Finnish command today re- ported a weakening of Russian at- tacks in the Summa sector on the Karelian Isthmus, and declared that two assaults had been thrown back, with the destruction of four enemy tanks. The communique declared that several Red Army divisions sup- ported by “abundant artillery” took part in the assaults of Tuesday and yesterday. The pressure continued yester- day, the communique said, “but with less power than on the previous day.” 250 Killed in Repulse. A Russian attempt to cross -the frontier south of Raate was re- pulsed in the Suomussalmi sector in which “the enemy'’s losses were 250 killed” and large quantities of mil- itary equipment captured. Aircraft played a part in the operations, the communique said, reporting that Russian planes had been repelled and enemy columns bombed at several points where *“‘automobiles and other vehicles were packed in traffic jams.” Soviet planes appeared chiefly in small fighter patrols, the Finns said, and machine-gunned Finnish land forces. Raids on the town of Kajaani and rural communities were reported. “According to reports received so far, two civilians were killed,” the communique said. Reds Retreat Around Salla. The Finns reported that Soviet Russian forces on the Arctic Salla front were in retreat. In Russian air raids on cities of the Finnish territory a prison full of captive Russian troops was bom- barded. The prisoners all were herded eafely to shelters yesterday during the four-hour raid by 10 Russian planes on the north central town of Kajaani. Two Finns were killed and many others injured. British Volunteers To Leave This Week LONDON, Feb. 8 (#).—The first contingent of British volunteers may be off to Finland next week. Unoffi- ‘cial reports said “hundreds” of ap- plicants were being enrolled by the Finnish Legation to leave as soon as possible. Only men over 27 years old—out- side the classes likely to be called this year for Britain's Army—are free to go. The British government has taken no formal part in the work, which is being supervised by Finns here. British volunteers will be in addi- tion to warplanes and other ma- terial already on the way from here to Finland.” Foreign Under- esecretary R. A. Butler yesterday affirmed in the House of Commons that Britain, realizing “the urgency of this matter,” was taking every measure short of actual interven- tion to get material aid to the ,Finns quickly. George Gordon Vereker, former counselor of the British Embassy in Moscow, was appointed British Minister to Finland yesterday, suc- ceeding T. M. Snow. of Russians today but | 409 Allied and By the Associated Press. BERLIN, Feb. 8. — Germany acknowledged today the loss of 236,957 tons of shipping since the beginning of the war, but declared that her enemies and neutral coun- tries had lost 1,493431 tons. Germany’s losses were given as 42 ships and enemy and neutral losses 45 at least 409 ships sunk up to the end of January. In addition, 354 neutral merchant- men were taken to German ports to be disposed of in prize court pro- ceedings, said a high command com- munique. The high command said that all | 354 ships had been brought into Ger- man ports, but that figures on how many were later released “are not readily available.” Some were known | to have been freed. | Germany'’s losses were put at 13,- | 196 tons of shipping confiscated at the outbreak of the war in enemy | ports; 82,236 tons seized and 141,- 1525 tons scuttled to avoid seizure. | The high command and other of- Neutral Ships Sunk, Nazi Command Claims 354 Taken in for Prize Proceeding, Reich Chiefs Say; Admit 42 German Vessels Lost ficial sources, in reporting that al- lied and neutral merchant shipping losses were approaching 1,500,000 tons, contended Germany's counter- blockade effectively was tightening up on Great Britain. There was no comment, however, on the fact that the British and French Navies largely had swept German shipping from the high seas while British ships were striv- ing to maintain commerce and that consequently there were many more targets for German submarines and warplanes than for the allied navies. German quarters, however, con- cluded from the announced figures that the record established an in- creasing effectiveness on the part of the German sea war. (The German figures are higher than from other sources. An Associated Press survey showed 928,104 tons of allied and neutral merchant shipping were sent to the bottom by mine, tor- _bedo, shell or aerial bomb or (See NAVAL, Page A-8) French Turn Back Russian Profest on Paris Office Raid Surrender of Documents Seized by Police Is Demanded by Moscow By the Associated Press. PARIS. Feb. 8—The French government was reliably reported today to have refused to consider a Soviet Russian protest against a po- lice raid Monday on the Russian | commercial office in Paris. Sources close to the foreizgn of- fice said the protest lodged by So- | viet Ambassador Jakob Surits could not be entertained, as neither the trade representatives nor the com- mercial offices had diplomatic im- munity. Three Russian commercial agents | | were held during the raid, foreign | | office sources said, but later were | | released. | It was disclosed that immediately after the raid Surits demanded the | | government release the agents and | return the seized documents. | Informed sources said the Soviet | envoy was told that diplomatic im- | lmunily for the agents expired last December 31 with the French-Rus- sian trade agreement and that the offices, even under the agreement, never had had extraterritorial priv- | ileges. The reason for the raid was not | disclosed officially, but some sources | said they believed the action to bei | part of the government's campaign | | to wipe out Communist propaganda | | in France. | | The cabinet last September 26 outlawed the Communist party in | France and forbade prppaganda of | the Communist International. |Wide Police Raids |Charged by Russia MOSCOW, Feb. 8 (#).—The Soviet | Union has accused French police of | widespread raids against Russians| and Russian agencies in Paris and | has demanded surrender of docu- | ments allegedly seized from the Soviet trade office there. Tass, official Russian News Agency, announced both the raids and a resulting diplomatic protest in a communique last night. The communique charged that, | besides the raid on the trade of- | fice, police also searched the prem- ises of Intourist, an organization which assists foreign travel in Rus- sia, a former Soviet school, and residences of certain members of the trade mission. Protest Lodged Monday. Tass said the raids came last Monday morning on “verbal instruc- | tions of the prefect of police.”, The Russian Ambassador to Paris, Jakob Surits, lodged a protest with the French foreign office Monday after- | noon. About 100 men in civilian attire | | “rushed” into the office of the Rus- | | sian trade representative, Tass de- | clared. Members of the trade mis- sion who arrived for work in the midst of the search were taken to their homes, where searches also | were made. Filing cabinets and safes were reported broken open at_the trade office. The Tass announcement said Surits, the envoy, demanded through two staff members that police clear out of the trade office and return papers taken from places of safe-keeping. The police, it was said, refused. Surits was reported to have sent representatives to the place as soon as he heard of the raid. He got wind of it despite the raiders’ pre- caution of switching off the office’s telephone service. Recalls Arcos Incident. ‘The Soviet protest offers a strik- ing parallel to the sensational, but now all-but-forgotten “Arcos inci- dent” which led to the severance of diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the U. S. S. R. on May 24, 1927. On May 12, British police, under orders from the late Sir Willlam Joynson-Hicks, then home secre- tary, raided the London headquar- ters of Arcos, Ltd., the Soviet trad- ing company, on a search for sub- versive documents. Sir William, who died in 1932 as Viscount Brentford, was administrator of the British de- fense-of-the-realm act at the time of the raid. No announcgment was made of the nature of what, if any, evidence was seized. The U. S. S. R.’s great- est foreign trade in ‘the preceding year bad been with Great Britain, The raid touched off demonstra- tions in Moscow where paraders carried caricatures of the late Sir Austen Chamberlain, then British foreign secretary and a half{-brother of the present British prime minister. France Has 275,000 In Near East Army, Paris Discloses Gen. Weygand Arrives in Egypt to Inspect Defenses By the Associated Press. PARIS, Feb. 8 —Authorized French sources disclosed today that France has 275,000 troops concentrated in the Near East under the command of Gen. Maxime Weygand. These sources said this figure com- pared with a German estimate of 150,000 and a Russian of 400,000. Gen. Weygand, 72-year-old former chief of the French general staff and Marshal Foch's right-hand man in later stages of the World War, is in Egypt inspecting British and Egyp- tian defenses. Lt. Gen. Sir Archi- bald P. Wavell is the British com- mander in chief of “Middle Eastern” forces. Weygand to Head Allied Force. Previous French statements have made it clear that should the war spread to the Near East Gen. Wey- gand would command the allied forces. These presumably would in- clude in addition to the British command of perhaps 100,000 men the Turkish Army, already at a strength of 200,000 and capable of considerable expansion. Turkey has mutual aid pacts with the allies. Gen. Weygand arrived at Cairo | yesterday by air from Syria, where | most of his command is concen- | trated. He was accompanied by Ad- miral Jean Esteva, commander in | chief of the French Mediterranean | fleet. The French asserted their visit had no special significance. Since the outbreak of the war | Egypt broke diplomatic relations | with Germany and has intensified training an army begun three years ago with the aid of a British mili- | tary mission. Prepare for Any Eventuality. Confirmation that France and Britain were preparing a powerful army in the Near East was given semi-officially in Paris January 29. In terming Russian ‘“guesses” that 400,000 men were concentrated in Syria under Gen. Weygand “mani- festly exaggerations,” a statement said: . “The allies will have in the Near East at the necessary moment suf- ficient men to face any eventuality.” French asserted the army was de- signed to cope with any German thrust southeast into the Balkans. Gen. Weygand only two weeks ago conferred in Ankara on Turkish collaboration with the allies. Cruiser at Montevideo MONTEVIDEO, Uruguary, Feb.' 8 (#).—The cruiser Shropshire of the British South Atlantic squadron arrived here today for a 24-hour stay. Hull Admits RussiaMayHave Violated Pact Recognition, However, Hinges Not Wholly On It, He Asserts The State Department admitted in a letter to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee today that this Government has had several occa- sions since 1933 to believe that Russia was not living up wholly to obligations made when the Soviet regime was recognized, but advised the committee that maintaining diplomatic relations is not “wholly contingent on those obligations.” Secretary of State Hull was reply- ing to the committee's request for his views on the Vandenberg resolu- tion, seeking to have the President report to the Senate whether the Soviet government has fulfilled the agreements entered into at the time it was recognized by the United States. The letter contained arguments for retaining diplomatic relations as a means of seeking adjustment and correction of agreements which this country may feel have not been fully | kept. The following is a significant | excerpt: “Although the agreements of November 16, 1933, between the two governments were concluded simultaneously with the estab- lishment of diplomatic relations between them, the maintenance of diplomatic relations has not been made ‘wholly contingent,’ as the wording of the resolution would ap- pear to indicate, on the fulfillment | by the Soviet government of the ob- ligations set forth in those agree- | ments. Whenever this Government | has cause to believe that another | government has failed to live up to agreements with it, it is accustomed to make use of the very channels which exist by virtue of diplomatic relations, in order to bring this fail- ure to the attention of the other government, to endeavor to effect an adjustment of resultant diver- gencies of views and to attempt to prevent similar differences from taking place in the future.” Vandenburg Cites Flint Case. Senator Vandenburg, Republican, of Michigan promptly issued a state- | | ment taking issue with the depart- ment’s belief in the value of retain- ing diplomatic relations, and citing the experience of the American Am- bassador in the case of the City of | Flint, the American merchant ves- | | se] which was taken into & Russian port by a German prize crew and taken out again before it was| finally returned to its own crew by | Norway. “The State Department,” Sen- ator Vandenberg declared, “politely convicts Moscow of two definite breaches in the Litvinoff pledges | prior to the disclosures of the Dlesi Committee and the Department of | (See RUSSIAN, Page A-4) Radio Pot o’ Gold Faces Lottery Investigation The Federal Communications | Commission today sent to the De- | partment of Justice a report on two | radio programs with the view to having them tested in the courts to decide whether they are lotteries. One is the “Pot o' Gold" program which is broadcast on Tuesday eve- nings. The Communications Act | prohibits the broadcasting of any advertising or information concern- ing a lottery. The commission has been flooded with a number of complaints against the Pot o' Gold program, which awards a prize of $1,000 each week. The winner is selected by spinning a hand on a dial which selects a telephone directory. Another spin- ning selects the page and another the number on the page Wwhich determines the name and the phone | number. The other case which was sent to the Justice Department involved a program of a bakery at Wichita F4lls and Big Springs, both in Texas. The latter case involved a so-called mystery woman, who, it was an- nounced, would call at various homes. If the householder called upon was able to produce a loaf of bread made by the bakery $5 would be paid for it. | Summary of Page. A-1 - C-3 Society B-3 Sperts __ C-1- ‘Woman’s Page, Page. Amusements, B-14-15 Comics ... C-8-9 Editorials . A-10 Finance .. A-17 Lost, Found C-5 Foreign 275,000 French troops in Near East, Paris reveals. Page A-1 250,000 Reds beaten back for seventh day, Finns report. Page A-1 France won't consider Soviet protest on office raid. Page A-1 Reich claims 409 allied and neutral vessels' sunk. Page A-1 Third Canadian unit landed in Eng- land under navy guard. Page A-2 More British aid on way to Finns, Chamberlain reveals. Page A-2 Balkans to have armies on war foot- ing next month. Page A-4 National House committee approves recip- rocal trade treaty bill Page A-1 Dies Committee split over question- ing of Pelley. Page A-1 War supplies sales believed topic at White House parley. Page A-2 New methods slow to appeardn war, says Maj. Eliot 'Page A-3 | Senate may approve loa nto Fin- land toany.-—~— —--.- Page A-4 Bid conspiracy blamed on “labor racketeering.” PageA-15 Washington and Vicinity Former Ambassador Dodd critically {1l at Virginia home. Page A-1 [} Today's Star Schools may be used as depots for milk distribution. Page B-1 Nichols to demand probe of inferior gasoline selling. Page B-1 Hit-run driver believed responsible for Arlington death. Page B-1 Mrs. Roosevelt testifies tomorrow on Blue Plains. needs Page B-1 Editorial and Comment This and That. Answers to Questions. Letters to The Star. David Lawrence. Alsop and Kintner. G. Gould Lincoln. Lemuel F. Parton. Constantine Brown. Page A-10 Page A-10 Page A-10 Page A-11 Page A-11 Page A-11 Page A-11 Page A-11 Sports Chief betting is on how long Godoy lasts with Louls. Page C-1 Hoyas may crack own relay mark in meet Saturday. Page_ C-1 American U., Wilson Teachers, Gal- laudet share basket stage. Page C-2 Football receipts off, Princeton may tax students. Miscellany Bedtime Story. Cross-Word Puzzle, Letter-Out. Winning Contract. ‘Uncle Ray’s-Corner. - After Dark. Vital Statistics. Service Orders. Nature's Children. City News in Brief. WHO SAYS THE -t D.C. Job Insurance Amendment Threatened From Two Sides National Interests Hit Liberalization Of Benefits; ‘Looseness’ in Bill Cited BACKGROUND— District Unemployment Com- pensation Board again this year proposed a reduction in pay roll tares on Washington employers to 27 per cent to conform to general Federal and State policy, coupled with plan for raising mazimum benefits to jobless, as the present 3 per cent pay roll tar raised unused reserve in Treasury to more than $16,000,- 000. Approval in principle was quickly given and prompt vote was scheduled by House. By DON S. WARREN. Plans pending for liberalization of the District’s unemployment both the taxpaying employer and the recipient of jobless aid—face the double-barreléd threat of a clash between national and District in- ness” in sections of the measure, The Star learned today. Among other developments was the disclosure that representatives | | of powerful national business inter- |ests had come to Washington pre- | pared to wage a fight against ap- | proval of the bill, on the arguments | that the proposed new benefit pay- ment plan would be “too extrcme” and that its adoption might estab- ’lish it as a “model” which later | might be forced on the States. Corrections in Prospect. On the other hand, several key | officials—in sympathy with | move to extend much more liberal | benefits to the jobless—agreed nu- merous features of the bill were “loosely drawn” or needed “clarifi- | cation,” or “might result in in equities.” They voiced belief cor- | compensation law—for the benefit of | rections could be made in the draft | without destroying desired objec- | | tives. i Acting independently of national | business interests, Lawrence E. Wil- | terests. and of objections to “loose- | liams, president of the Washington Board of Trade, today requested | delay in action on the bill to permit " (Continued on Page A-13) Former Ambassador Dodd Is Crifically lll At Round Hill Home Historian in Coma From Pneumonia; Oxygen Is Administered Dr. William Edward Dodd, his- torian and former Ambassador to Germany, is critically ill at his Round Hill (Va.) home, his daugh- ter, Mrs. Alfred Stern, disclosed to- day. She said that he contracted pneu- monia last night and now is in coma. A local physician, working under direction of Dr. Theodore J. Abernethy of Washington, has been administering oxygen. For the past year Dr. Dodd has been suffering from paralysis of the throat, she stated, but has not been confined to his home. At the bedside were the diplomat’s son, William E. Dodd, jr., and Mr. and Mrs. Stern. They said that they had little hope for his recovery. Dr. Dodd, a former president of the American Historical Association, has been engaged since his retire- ment as Ambassador in writing a projected four-volume history of the South. One volume has been pub- lished, but work on the second has been delayed recently by his poor health. The educator’s career as American envoy to Berlin, from 1933 to 1937, was stormy. ' He sailed for Germany welcoming his assignment to do “trying work.” He left Germany with a chilly farewell. After his return, German Ambas- sador Hans Dieckhoff protested that Mr. Dodd had made “unheard-of insults” to the Reich. As Ambassador, he created a stir by protesting, while on vacation here, about the acceptance by his Charge d'Affaires, Préntiss Gilbert, of an invitation to attend a Nazi party congress. From Berlin he warned of a “dietatorship” plot in the United States, backed by an unidentified American millionaire. ~ Tweedsmuir's Condition Causes Grave Anxiely By the Associated Press. OTTAWA, Feb. 8—The condition of Lord Tweedsmuir, Governor Gen- eral of Canada, is causing ‘“grave anxiety,” said a bulletin issued to- day from Government House. Lord Tweelsmuir, 64, suffered a concussion of the brain Tuesday morning when he fell in his dressing room. Today’s bulletin said: “His excellency spent a restless night and his condition this morn- ing gives rise to grave anxiety on ac- count of his increasing weakness.” |~ "The bulletiri wassigned by - Dr. Jonathan Meakins of Montreal, Dr. Gordon Gunn of Ottawa, the Gov- ernor General's personal physician, and Lt. Col. Colin Russel. Reciprocal Trade Resolution Approved By House Group Vote on Controversial Measure Is 14-10; Now Ready for Consideration ) the Associated Press. The House Ways and Means Com- | mittee today approved a bill renew- | ing authority for the administration | to negotiate reciprocal trade agree- | ments. Members said the vote to report | the bill favorably was 14 to 10, with | one member voting “present.” The committee’s action makes the measure—one of the session’s most controversial proposals—ready for House consideration, but when it will be taken up will depend on the wishes of the leadership. Authority under which the Presi- dent, through the State Depart- ment, now negotiates trade treaties expires June 12. The pending meas- ure would extend it for three years from that date. The Ways and Means Committee only recently completed its hearings on the bill, which has aroused strong Republican and some Demo- cratic opposition. Secretary Hull, a leading exponent of the reciprocal treaty method of lowering tariffs, testified the system should be con- tinued both as an immediate help to the development of international commerce and as an eventual aid to the creation of world peace. Opponents included various trade, labor and agriculture groups, which argued that American markets were adversely affected by lowering tariff barriers. The National Grange opposed and the American Farm Bureau Federa- tion defended continuation of the authority. Opponents said that if they were unable to end trade agree- ments entirely they would attempt to subject them to ratification by the Senate. Bullitt Leaves Lisbon LISBON, Feb. 8 (). —William C. Bullitt, United States Ambassador to Paris, left today for a brief trip to the United States aboard a trans- Atlantic Clipper. By the Associated Press. A new stamp war broke out to- day involving Ralph Waldo Emer- son, Mark Twain, Postmaster Gen- eral Farley, a couple of Congress members and six cities. ‘Take the affair Emerson first; The 3-cent Emerson stamps were sent to post offices throughout the Nation with instructions that they were not to go on sale -until-after Boston started selling them on Feb- | §T0UD ruary §. ‘That is the usual case with com- memorative stamps. Some city is nvmmhmoinmumm_'n Established in 1852 - Most people in Washington have The Star delivered tc their homes every evening and Sunday morning. Lo ”15 e Nt the | Roékvi!le, Md., ‘Scoops’ Boston On Emerson Stamp; War Is On K THREE CENTS. & , / Jones Blames U. . In Default of Loans 'By Foreign Nations Tells Senate Committee | We Loaned More Money | Than They Could Pay Foreign nations are in default on | | their old war debts to this country i | because the United States loaned | | them more than it should have, Federal Loan Administrator Jesse Jones told the Senate Foreign R.e-‘ | lations Committee in testimony | made public today on the bill to add | $100,00,000 to the lending apility | of the Export-Import Bank. | In response to questions, Mr. Jones | had been emphasizing that he would only make loans to Finland or any other borrower that he believed | could be repaid, and that all loans | would depend on the circumstances. at the time application was made. | Chance of Surviving Factor. Senator Vandenberg, Republican, | | of Michigan wanted to know if Fin- | | land’s military status and her chance of surviving would be one of the circumstances considered. “It would be taken into account,” Mr. Jones replied. “It might not be the controlling one. I believe Fin- land will pay her debts. The Fin- | nish people always have, and I| | think they always will.” “If there is still a Finland,”| Senator Vandenberg interposed. “If they are not able to pay now, | they will pay later, I believe,” Mr. | Jones replied. “I would not want ! | to lend too much money. I think | 4 | Chairman Starnes, Silver ShirtChief Says His Legion May 'Fold Up’ Dies Probe Ending Need for Group, Pelley Says BACKGROUND— William Dudley Pelley, Silver Shirt leader, appeared uner- pectedly before Dies committee Tuesday to deny charges of “col= lusion” between Chairman Dies and himself. He had been sought for many months to testify on committee charges that his or- ganization is one of the largest Fascist groups in United States. By the Associated Press. William Dudley Pelley testified today that if the Dies committee continued its investigations of un- American activities his Silver Shirt Legion would “fold up.” Pelley, whose group has been called “Fascist” by the committee, told the House investigators that conditions, as far as un-American activities were concerned, had ime proved in the last few years. He attributed much of the im- provement to the work of the Dies committee. . “Do you mean that if the Dies Committee continues its investiga= tion,” asked Representative Thomas, Silver Legion will fold up? “Yes, sir, and with my blessings,” Pelley promptly replied. He had testified yeSterday that the aim of the ssilver shirts paralleled that of the committee in that both were against un-American activities. “Very Much” Anti-Semitic. Pelley later proclaimed that he feels toward Jews in the United States “exactly as the Nazi party” does toward members of that race in Germany. He qualified this declaration, however, by saying that it did not mean he would “countenance all the methods Mr. Hitler may have put in force.” “Are you anti-Semitic?” asked Representative Casey, Democrat, of Massachusetts, a member of the committee. “I would call myself very much s0.” Pelley replied. Pelley said the Silver Shirt Le- gion, with members in 22 States, was organized on a “military con- cept,” used military titles and orders and had uniforms, but “there was no drifling and no guus.” It also has a “metaphysical” side, Acting Democrat, of Alabama brought out when he ques= tioned Pelley about a membership blank request for the hour and minute of an applicant’s birth. The question, the witness ex- plained, was asked for “metaphysi- cal” and not “political cr economic” reasons. Limited to Christians. Peliey identified the blank as one issued some years ago by his organi- zation. As it showed, he said, the !‘all the defaults of the foreign debtors to us were due to the fact | | that we loaned more money than we | | should have loaned, more money | than the countries could possibly | pay back, and we were as much at | | fault for those defaults as the countries themselves.” | It has been pointed throughout | | discussion of the pending bill that | Finland has never defaulted, but even met its December installment | to the Treasury despite the current | Russian invasion. Sympathetic to Finland. During the hearings, Senator John- son, Republican, of California, who voted for the bill in committee, summed up his view of the pending bill in these words: “We are all sympathetic with Fin- land, we are all anxious to see Fin- land ‘whip the tar’ out of Russia, if I may use that expression. We are more sympathetic with our own land than with any other. We do not want to do anything which may under any circumstances involve this country in war. You have that opinion, too, have you not?” “I have,” Mr. Jones responded. He assured the committee no loans would be made for arms or imple- ments of war, nor would any credit be advanced that would conflict with the Johnson Act prohibiting loans to nations in default on war debts. Light Earthquake Alarms Northern California By the Associated Press. SACRAMENTO, Feb. 8.—A light earthquake at 12:08 a.m. shook win- dows and aroused hundreds of sleep- ers throughout Northern California, but apparently caused no damage. | The shock was reported in all sec- tions of Sacramento and its suburbs, in Grass Valley and Nevada City and in a number of other cities in the Sacramento Valley. Sacramento hospital patients were awakened, causing a brief flurry of alarm. Downtown hotel guests also were awakened. and philatelists value highly stamps and letters from the “first day” post offices. But philatelists discovered to their horror some of the Emerson stamps in the mails before the sale started in_Boston. ‘They bore postmarks of Salt Lake organization was limited to Chris- tians, “By elimination,” Pelley added, “that would have a censorship on people of the Judaistic faith.” Mr. Starnes quoted from a Pelley publication which said that after the World War armistice “we sud- denly found” that 4,000,000 Jews had | “infiltrated” into the United States. Mr. Starnes inquired whether Pel- ley thought most of the 4,000.000 were sympathetic to communism. “Unfortunately, that's been my experience,” Pelley sighed. Representative Thomas wanted to know whether the witness thought Hitler was “subversive.” “I can't see how Mr. Hitler was subversive when he was put into office by the lawful, legal President of Germany,” Pelley shot back. Mr. Starnes’ quotation was from “The Hidden Empire” which Pelley identified as one of his publications. The witness said that most of the editing of the pamphlet was done in Lincoln, Nebr. The work was re- lated to a “bitter inter-church con- troversy” in that city in 1933 or 1934, he said, without further ex- planation. Situation “Different Now.” Pelley said the Silver Shirts was organized to combat ‘“subversive torces” such as those which the Dies Committee has looked into. In 1933, he said there was a situation “entirely different from the one we now enjoy in 1940.” “We were looking at a condition where there might be an overthrow of the constitutional government of the United States,” he declared. Starnes Explains Action. Earlier, Acting Chairman Starnes said that at yesterday's hearing he had stopped a line of questioning involving President Roosevelt be- cause he was afraid that Pelley might use the occasion to ‘“say something personal” against Mr. Roosevelt. Opening the second day of testie (See UN-AMERICAN, Page A-6.) Hine Junior High Drama Club on Air Members of The Stars and Stooges Club of Hine Junior High School will turn WMAL studios into drama workshops at 4 pm. today. They will tell listeners how they select and write their school plays, con- struct the scenery and prepare for final presentation in the school auditorium. The value of drama a junior high ac- ity will be-stressed. This is snother in a series of educational features sponsored by The Star with the co-opera- tion of the National Broadcast- Aanother school. ‘While the Post Office Department T (Bee STAMPS, Page A-14) ing Co. and the ylf‘ of Edu- cation.