Evening Star Newspaper, August 6, 1937, Page 9

Fall Session May Be 38 Factor Roosevelt Wants Crop Control by Time of Elections. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. HEN Congress adjourns in another fortnight it may be that the vacation will last only until President Roosevelt calls both houses back here for an extra session along about October 15. The ostensible reason is to consider farm legislation, but the truth is there may be a legislative jam § and a blocking in conference of the § wages and hour bill. The hint of another . session in Midautumn is calculated to hasten action & now or rather to & minimize the im- portance of dila- & tory tactics which often develop as & Congress pre- pares for adjournment Actually there is little reason why & Congress should not recess about June 15 each year and come back on October 15. This would make the hot weather less of a factor in legislative | tempers and moods. But such a plan| might have to be slightly modified in | an election year. Thus in 1938, with | the primaries beginning in the Spring months, members will start their rest- | lessness and will want to see Congress adjourned by June 15 at the latest and | then will wish to spend the balance of | the time in active campaigning Immediately after a November elec- tion, however. a special session of Con- gress could be called and many of the new members would naturally be in the National Capital at that time anyhow Extra Session Eignificant. At the moment the calling of an extra session for next Fall has un- usual significance. The other day Pres- ident Roosevelt told the press that| they would know about the next ap-| pointment to the Supreme Court when the nomination went to the Senate.| From this it was promptly inferred | that Mr. Roosevelt would send in a| nomination at the present session. I, | on the other hand, he has in mind a! &pecial session of Congress for October, | there would be time enough then for him to send the nomination to the Senate and no recess appointment would be necessary. inasmuch a$ the Supreme Court does not convene for its regular term till ber The proposed spe ession, on the other hand, may ha uch more of & bearing on campaign plans for 1938 than on any oth ue. Mr. Roose- velt wants a crop-control plan in time for the 1938 elections. There is much opposition to such a course, but in typical log-rolling fashion, the Presi- | dent is using the kind of leverage the members of Congress have in the past been applying. He says in effect there can be no commodity loans on cotton unless & crop-control bill is passed. Trading With Congress. Thus does the President of the United States trade with or influence & recalcitrant Congress. Thus also does a subservient Congress surrender power to the Executive. In the days of constitutional Government, when Congress was still the legislative body, the members of both houses would David Lawrence. THE EVENI What’s Back of It All Secretary Ickes Is Added to List of Candidates for Vacancy on Supreme Court. BY H. R. BAUKHAGE. DD to possible candidates for the supreme bench: Harold L. Ickes. This column professes to pick no winners, back no entrants, but merely reccrds the following fact: Considerable pressure is heing exerted on the White House to name the Secretary of the Interior to the post made vacant by the retire- ment of Mr. Justice Van Devanter. His friends say that Mr. Ickes’ position geographically (Middle West), and reading from left to right (consistent, liberal) is correct. They say that it isn't so hard, according to tradition, to get a cabinet member confirmed for such a post by the Senate—that Mr. Ickes would undoubtedly have men like Senator Johnson of California behind him. ‘Why, ask some of Mr. Ickes' critics, should the President regard & man who has stirred up so much trouble in the cabinet? This is one answer you can get to that: (a) Mr. Ickes' eccentricities, if he possesses them, would become the Chief Justice’s problem, not the President’s; (b) Bad judgment in administering a department doesn’t mean a bad judge. Secretary Ickes was on the presidential yacht last week end. It must be admitted, however, that s0 was the Bo'son tight and the migishipmite, none of whom has been mentioned for the bench. But Mr. Ickes is definitely on the list, and further up than some of the mentioned candidates. Now that Senator Wagner can lean back with a sigh of relief as he sees his dreams for cheap, clean houses for the poor begin to take shape, the administration has decided that it's time to do something for the average flat dwellers. The Federal Housing Administration has been talking about it jor some time. The President made some pertinent remarks about it at a recent press conference. The heavy industries have been hoping something more would be done to stimulate the construc- tion business. Now, there is at last semi-official recognition that housing. like Gaul, is really divided into three parts. And the middle—heretofore forgotten— part, makes up, not one-third, but 51 per cent of the whole. This is the place where the folks live who collect the rent receipts. The New Deal has done a lot with insured mortgages for the man who can afford to own a home, Senator Wagner has something to offer the occupants of tenements. But the in-betweeners who couldn't own a home (and perhaps shouldn’t), but who are above the slum-dweller class, are left between the sidewalk and the wicked landlord. The solution of his case, the New Deal thinks, is the limited dividend corporation. And so certain changes in the Federal housing legislation will soon be proposed to make it possible for the F. H. A. to launch a campaign in this new field This is the plan- The Government will insure the mortgages on apartment buildings (or perhaps smaller units), supervise the construction and guarantee to the corporations, formed with private capital, a certain return on their ine vestment In return, the corporations would permit the F. H. A. to okay rents, thus assuring a continuous, fair rental to tenants. The "go ahead"” has already been given, and the announcement of the plan will be made at another White House conference of the experts who have been studying the plight of the man who has no furnace to tend. No = garden to hoe, and doesn't expect M THE (NEW S to call his home his own. " LOOK Crossed wires in the case of o the Miller-Tydings price-fixing bill make its passage loow like the re- sult of a short circuit Only the oldest inhabitants can remember back when there wasn't a price-fixing (once called anti-price cutting) bill before Con- gress—anvhow it was before short skirts came in. Now, at last, one passes. The President once wrote a letter stopping the passage of Repre- sentative Miller’s house version long ago, just as it was about to nose under the wire. Before and after this, Congressmen who called at the White House brought back conflicting reports. It is said that Secretary James Roosevelt left the distinct impression with one group that the President was willing. although the Treasury and Federal Trade Commission had turned thumbs down. Others gathered eractly the opposite impression from sources supposed to be speaking for the White House. Senator Tydings, who knows he is going to be fought for re-election in Maryland, wouldn't have changed his course under suasion, of course. Representative Miller might have. At least he does not feel that the White House was opposed to the measure when it was brought to vote. (Copyright, 1937.) U. F. W. A. Head on Radio. Jacob Baker, president of the United Tapestry Has 1,512 Figures. NG STAR, WASHIN | legislative The Bayeux tapestry, preserved in | GI'HE opiniors of the writers on this necessarily The Star’s. The Star’s effort to give all GTON, page are their own, not Such opinions are presented in sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory amon, themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Y vy Trade Union Dictatorship Amended Wage-Hour Bill Would Give Them Unlimited Power. BY DOROTHY THOMPSON. TRUST that my readers will for- give me for continuing to harp on the subject of the minimum wages and hours bill. I do so be- cause I am absolutely convinced that this legislation and its implication are by no means understood by this coun- try’s citizens. The amendments which were made to the bill in the Houseon Wednes- do not render it more innocuous, as seemed at first sight. Cn the cox trary, from the standpoint of re- sponsible govern- ment, they make the present bill far more danger- ous. They totally eliminate the only argument which could be made for the measure at all. That argu- ment was that in certain industries | in certain parts of the country men and women are worked outrageous| hours at substandard wages. The ob- Ject of the original legislation was to | give & Government board power to! investigate conditions and put a floor | under wages and a ceiling over hours, barring from interstate commerce goods produced under such substand- ard gonditions as the board might, within limits, define. Dorothy Thompson, Political Pressure Used. The objections to the original bill | have already been aired in this col- | umn. It represented a delegation of legislative power to a Government board with no guarantee that that| board would be divorced from political influences, and it established in prin- ciple the power to erect internal tariffs | between the States . Also a funda-| mental criticism whith can be ap- plied to most of the legislation adopt- | ed in this session of Congress is that matters of the greatest delicacy, re- | quiring careful analysis and open hear- | ings, are being rushed through in the | most undeliberated fashion, under interested political pressure. These | criticisms are quite as valid for the | amended bill as for its predecessor But the bill, as amended, is some- thing else again and something far | This bill delegates | powers not to a Govern- ment board, but to trade unions The idea of a disinterested public body deciding what constitutes in- | humane and substandard working conditions goes into the ashcan, | If the one-sided Wagner labor rela- tions act has already caused an ap- more dubious. | palling degree of industrial strife, and | actually in my belief brought about | a setback to labor organizations from | the reaction of public opinion, this| measure is likely to have even more | unfortunate results. i Please read the amendments care- fully, as they were published in yes- teraay morning's papers. The Jokers are in the second and fourth amend- ments. They say: (a) “That wage and hour standards established by collective - bargaining agreements in any occupation are prima facie of the appropriate wage and hour stand- ards in that occupation.” (b) “That the board cannot establish any wage or hour classification in any com- munity which adversely affects the prevailing wage or hour standards in thc same or other communities.” Now if that means anything, {t means that if a class union, or an industrial union, by getting control of a monopoly of labor in any occu- pation, or branch of that ocgupation, can coerce or otherwise enforce a certain wage or hour standard, it becomes the duty of the Government to enforce that wage and hour stand- ard as the appropriate one. Congress in for Joit. If this is constitutional, then Justice Cardozo’s concurring opinion on the N. R. A. is poppycock. The whole Supreme Court ruled that Congress could not abdicate its powers to code authorities. If that was true, how on earth can it abdicate its powers to trade unions? Furthermore, if Con- gress thinks that the people of this country will ever supinely allow the Government to become a police in- strument for the trade unions then Congress is in for an awf(' jolt. A trade union tyranny is neither better nor worse than any other kind of tyranny D. C, FRIDAY, AUGUST 6, 1937 This Changmg World Japanese to Put an End to Activities of American Missionaries in China. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. ANY years of hard work of American missionaries in China are coming 1o an end Japanese military and political authorities dislike the cul- tural activities of these men and women of Christian faith. They do not object to their presence in Japan, but in China it is different. The missionaries of Catholic, Methodist, Episcopaljan—or any other denomination—are considered enemies of aggressive imperialism. Their work has been not only to educate new Chinese generations and take care of the sick and the starving, but also to assist the national re- awakening of China. For this reason they are going to be shoved out of the five prov- inces as quickly as the political branch of the general staff can do it—without too much harshness. * % % x A similar fate faces American and other Western trade establish- = ments which have been operating with certain success in China. All kinds of vexatious rules and regulations will be enforced by the Japanese in the newly acquired regions, as has been done in Manchuria. The “open door” to China will be shut as tight as possible. Firms which want to remain in business will be compelled to go to Tokio for permits to operate. Such permits might occassionally be granted, but they will not be worth while having, since by the time the Western business men pay official taxes and various bribes th be little left in their banking account. There is no doubt that the Japanese government will soon make some statement to the eflect that there will be no interference with foreign firms. Such declarations have been made periodically since 1931; but they have never been lived up to. The open door policy established in China by Secretary of State John Hay is as dead as the nine-power agreement whereby Tokio agreed not to take by force any parts of the Chinese territory. re will * % Sugimura, the new Japanese Ambassador to France, arrived in Paris late in July. On the 25th of that month he received the press and stated emphatically that Sino-Japanese friction will not result into any Japanese aggression. - “I want to tell those alarmists who ask whether the imperial gov- ernment contemplates a strong action in China,” said the Japanese Ambassador, “that we are not really so stupid &s to get involved in a war with the Chinese.” And he went on to explain why an aggression against China is inconceivable. * x & In the same way the German government is putting into effect Hearings Were Travesty. What has become of deliberative government anyhow? The President | appointed a committee in April, 1936, | of economists and others who had| been associated with the N. R. A | and in whom he had confidence. He | charged them to make an exhaustive | study of the data available from the N. R. A. experience and to make a report in order “to aid Congress’ in formulating new and constitutional legislation dealing with the problems the N. R. A. was designed to meet The report specifically warned against attempting wholesale legislation and recommended that experimentation without reference to basic principles be avoided. The committee reported | in March, 1937, and the President found their conclusions admirable. | But I doubt whether a single mem- | ber of the committee has been heard | by the congressional authorities. The so-called hearings were & travesty. | * % ok x This column is, itself, written under far too great pressure, The public has no time to think things through. | It 15 forced to make snap judgment on | the basis of insufficient evidence. But perhaps it is no longer the business | of the people to think, but merely to ratify. Hitler's Mein Kampf, the Japanese government is applying the plan T conceived by the Japanese general, Tanaka, a score of years ago The Tanaka plan, the existence of which has been strongly denied by the Tokio government, provides for the conquest of Manchuria, the conquest of the five provinces in Northern China, the annexation of outer and inner Mongolia and the s conquest of the maritime provinces from the Russians. The first part was fulfilled a few years ago, Northern China is being occupied at present, and the rest will follow in due course. * ok k% ‘The principal architects of the Japanese plans are Gen. Doihara, the brains of the Japanese intelli- gence service on the Asiatic main- land and the most powerful man in Northern China; Gen. Yin You-cheng, who at Dothara’s instigation has started the autonomist movement in the five provinces, and Prince Teh Wang, a direct descendant of Genghis Khan Yin You besides receiving a substantial allowance from Tokio has also a score to settle with Chiang Kai-shek, whom he hates Prince Teh wants all the Mongols under one leadership, and s the Russians have established themselves in outer Mongolia, introducing liberal reforms. he wants the commissars kicked out. Doihara gave him the necessary means to organize a Mongolian army, which for the time being is a part of Emperor Pu-Yi's forces. The Mongols are good fighters and are being trained by Japanese officers Genghis Khan's descendant is still a young man, who has traveled abroad a good deal and is imbued with ideas of progress and anti- communism. Provided with ample funds, he is now endeavoring to get on his side the principal outer Mongolian chieftains. Teh will become a useful tool in the hands of the Japanese staff when the third part of the (Copyright. 1837 ‘Tanaka plan is being put into effect. Headline Folk and What They Do Businesslike Nancy Car- roll Has New Tax Exemption Ideas. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. IGHT Summer reading: Nancy Carroll's income tax and her own idea of a loophole. Tha flufty, copper-haired little movie actress is holding out for an allowance for books; also maid and travel expenses. A lawyer friend savs she might make it stick. on the ground ; that window- & dressing is nec- 3 essary main- he commer value of me: that, cial without h pend es ures uld fade ss Carroll was born Nove ber 19, 1906, ir front a butc o street and Ter avenue, Nev York. She was one of 14 childre the seventh child of a sevent At 13, out of grammar school a six-weeks' course in st She didn't get a typing job, but landed one, instead, in a paper bag factory. Like Amy in “Little Women," she slep® | with a clothes pin on her nose to pull |down the upturn. It didn't work and Naney Carroll. phy. | the nose, as was i call her Her real name is Ann Veron ht, she and her s ned an East Side t on a song and dar being thr y were We | Carroll, a boy use his name. |a prize there So fixing to sta She is as b and was her not her lawyer’s. She budge | and o s no mar | makes T business with percentage for anvbod: | Nancy. She played the lead in | Irish Rose.” Shakespeare Authority Dies NEW YOR | tace Conway, He was a native was educated at tf London. A volume and contemporary a Wrote was circulated p Federal Workers of America, will dis- | the Public Library of Bayeux, France, cuss “Government Workers — Their | contains 1512 figures in 72 scenes Wages and Working Conditions in an | representing the invasion and con- never be going hat in hand to the| White House to ask protection for LIKE AN their constituents or the exercise of | governmental powers in behalf of | farmers. They used to legislate for | the farmers in the Se and the House and tell the Executive what they | wanted passed or eliminated The bestowal of d by Congress on the Execut effect altered the American system of government. The very members of Congress who surrendered the legis- lative prerogative by giving to the Executive the discretionary power to make huge expenditures are now the victims of Executive log-rolling. At present, for example, the members have been advised that if they will promise to get crop control legislation ready by Midautumn or even by Jan- uary 1, they can have their commodity loans. It matters little that the Su- preme Court invalidated previous crop control laws, such as the A. A. A. Mr. Roosevelt is intent on forcing Congress to pass new laws with the same prin- eiple though with different verbiage. If the court refuses to validate the law. then the President may use the big stick or club he has held over the court for the last year—threat to add new justices and pack the court with his own majority. Crop Control Important. The importance of crop-control legislation to Mr. Roosevelt from a political * viewpoint cannot be over- estimated. Such a scheme as the A. A. A. provides an efficient, Nation- wide political organization in the rural districts much better than any- thing the Democratic National Com- mittee could provide and without the necessity of using private campaign funds. The administration is getting ready to back its ‘“rubber stamp” Congressmen and Senators in 1938 and wants the crop-control legislation pushed through in the latter part of 1937 s0 as surely to be able to put into operation another political organi- ration to function as effectively as did the old A. A, A. with its county committees. Mr. Roosevelt is & far-sighted poli- tioian and he is much smarter and shrewder than the rubber-stamp Con- gressmen who already have given him power to spend $1,500,000,000 for relief in city areas. Now there is to be made available about $500,000,000 for activity in the rural districts. That's the way a rubber-stamp Congress is maintained in office, and there seems to be little sign as yet of an aroused electorate of independent citizens to meet the issue of the use of public funds to perpetuate a political ad- ministration in power. (Copyright, 1937.) ™ GLASS FOR EVERY PURPOSE CHESAPEAKE PLATE & WINDOW GLASS CO. 2035 K St. N.W. WEst 0650 powers e has in SUMMER HOURS: OPEN Week Days__7:30 A.M. Saturdays 7:30 AM. Out-of-Hours—Phone CLOSE 5 PM 1 P.M. RAndolph i252 Efficient Government Service” WJSV at 9 o'clock tonight. | queror. YOU’'RE DOUBLY PROTECTED AT Chas. Schwartz & Son BECAUSE YOU GET THE MANUFACTURER’S GUARANTEE Plus THE GUARANTEE OF CHAS. SCHWA Electric Washer Enjoy WHITER clothes at greater savings with an ABC washer . . . . . savings in clothes, clothes investment, health, time and energy. ABC washers are priced as low as $59.50 . Model sketched above, No. 157, priced $89.50 Chas. 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