Evening Star Newspaper, July 31, 1937, Page 7

Pay-Hour Bill Seen Blow to Unions Measure Is Full of Eco- nomic *Jokers,” Ob- server Says. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. MALL wonder that there's divi- sion in the ranks of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor over the possible passage of the Corcoran-Cohen wage and hour bill, sometimes referred to as the Black- Oonnery bill. For if the measure passes there will be -relatively lit- tle use for labor untons. * ‘Why, for in- stance, should any worker con- } tinue to pay dues § if the Federal ; Gfvernment is going to assure minimum wages and maximum hours per week? ‘What else is there for a labor union to do but to get better wages and hours for its dues-paying members? | Likewise, if*the minimum wage is| established by law and a govern- mental board has to take into con- | sideration economic factors, will not | David Lawrence. T What’s Back of It All Early Adjournment Favored by Administration. Political Value Seen in Uncompleted Program. BY H. R. BAUKHAGE. URPRISING as it may seem, the administration wouldn't be a bit mad if Congress packed up and went home this minute. It isn't advertised, quite the contrary, but the high strategy at the time of this writing is to get them out of town as soon as possible. The theory is this: If the legislators go home with most of the pro- gram uncompleted, the New Deal plan to take the issue to the country in the Fall will be that much more effective. Exhibit A would then read, “Congreas did nothing for you.” wresy Youq N s =¥ e After this plan had been broached to the Democratic leaders (minus Vice President Garner) Senator Barkley'’s approving si- lence resounded But House Leader Sam Rayburn didn't like the idea 3o well. He wanted to score up a Jew hits before the game was called on account of ratn 30 his colleagues would have some- thing to tell the folks at home about. Of course, if Congress suddenly changed its heart and produced a hatful of legislative desiderata, that would be a different matter. But under the present plan half a loaf would be almost worse than no bread at all. R There are, of course, a certain few in the Senate of those who opposed the court bill would like to stay here long enough to do at least one good deed or two and secure, if they could, presidential forgiveness. But they would be taking a risk, for Senator Minton's amendment, or another similar measure reviving the court issue, would mean another chance for the administration to separate the sheep from the goats. A shiver would run down the backs of some of the members of Con- gress if they could see a certain list not too prominently displayed on the President’s desk. It shows the Semators and Representatives whose victories were loudest on economy when certain administration measures were being discussed, but who recently voted to override the presidential & simple amendment subsequently give over to the same Federal board | the task of regulating hours and wages for all other groups of em- Pployes? | The wage and hour bill is based on splendid intentions and is the result of a campaign pledge, given vn the generosity of campaign davs President Roosevelt feels he must go ahead and arrange for minimum wage and .maximum hours by Federal| statute instead of leaving it to the| Btates. Unfortunately, the move is| 80 far-reaching and touches so many industries that it may result in un- | employment and possibly some cuts | N wages for those in the groups above | the minimum 'The mere fact that the proposed Pederal board, which with its supposed | oniniscience is to settle satisfactoril &) questions arising out of the pro- | posed legisiation, is to be instructed | Dy Congress to move cautiously and | to be sure to avoid curtailing earn- | ing power is a sign that the framers wof the act knew they were treading | on dangerous ground. d Generalization. The Proposed law, for instance, | commands the board to arrange for | the maximum of 40 hours a week | and minimum of 40 cents an hour | *“as rapidly s is economically feasible,” i Which is a .retty broad generalization. | The measure raises some interesting | questions of economic equality, espe- | \gially in the South. Likewise it is full of jokers already on the matter | of exempting agricultural labor. The Federal board is to determine when cotton ginned on a farmer’s own | property means he can pay hbor! any price he pleases, whereas when | taken to a processing establishment | which makes a business of cotton gin- ning another wage scale is to prevail. Then there's the question of what | constitutes a “seasonal” peak. Certain | occupations like fishing and canning | are exempted. Senators have been | {ling on amendments in the nature f special privileges for citizens of their own States s0 that the bill is already a hodgepodge of inconsist- | encies. | Opposition from Southern quarters to the proposal is rather intense and there is some ground for the belief | that even though the bill may pass the Benate it may slumber in con- ference till next January. Undoubtedly & minimum wage and hour bill will tend to increase the purchasing power | %f some groups, but it will be at the expense of other groups. Sees Prices Forced Up. Tt will naturally tend to force prices upward, but it may well be argued that Government regulation of wages end hours may possibly be done on | & much more scientific basis than is | possible when the C. I. O. with Gov- | ernment encouragement uses its eco- | nomic power to force prices upward ! rrespective of whether the consumers can pay the higher costs or the busi- ness owners can absorb them So far as a regulated economy is concerned. the pending wage and hour bill is an ial step of major proportions, perhaps more important than the N. R. A because the ele- ment of code making of differentials i+ eliminated and one Government board is to do all the work that all the codes put together tried do heretofore The bill is full of broad delegations ©f power which seem to be plainly Invalid, but the feeling of most mem- ybers who intend to vote for the meus- ure is that something is better than| nothing. There is still the little mat- ter of determining what companies or firms are engaged in local or intra- state business and what ones are inter- state and hence subject to the pro- posed law. But conf never deters the New Deal legislators. Their hope s that somehow &ll these reforms will be digested and that everything will come out all right in the end even if 1t takes another depression or panic to bring about a few more drastic changes In the whole economic system What About Incompetents? « One m: question has un- enswered in the debate. W, by £ to happen to the persons who really eannot earn the minimum wage and who will be displaced by younger workers? The suggested law attempts to take care of them by providing that the Federal board may iscue orders for the employment of “‘persons whose earning capacity is impaired 5 by age or physical or mental deficiency | or Injury, under apecial licenses 1o be dssued by the bourd, at wages lower than the applicable wage and for such period as shall be fixed by the licenses ‘Where are these people going to get the money to hire lawyers or lobbyists 0 g0 to Washington to get them spe- clal licenses? The probabilities are that many of these persons will wind up on the relief rolls and will lose thelr jobs as well as their morals, But the New Deal believes that a certain amount of cruelty and hardship is necessary to all reforms. In air-cooled Jeomfortable New Deal offices there s “much prattle about the “ill housed, 11 nourished and ill clad,” but at best ' only a political sympathy &nd not a realistic appreciation of the immensity of the whole problem (Copyrixnt to e 1987) . . Double Hay Fever Cure. Hay fever, the Royal Waterloo Hos- pital of Waterloo, England, reports, | Mot cured by fonization nor injec- | on alone, but when both processes | are used together 80 per cent of the | cases are cured. r { 8bout a minimum veto on the bill extending low-rate interest on farm loans. Some of these men—especially those who hav and whose votes were interpreted as merely an the administration—have black marks after thei hear something from them later. X x % Another chapter in the get-Mooney-out-of-jail serial is about to be written with a new coilaborator. He is none other than William Gibbs McAdoo, United States Senator from California and candidate for the same office in 1933 Some time ago a bill was introduced in both houses memorializing the Governor of California on the subject of Tom Mooney's release. Usually States memorialize Congress. This is one of the few times the process was reversed. The proposal had the usual about all A few days ago there was a mass meeting in San Francisco, which, it is sald, numbered 35,000 (a lot of votes), demanding Mooney's freedom Now Senator McAdoo privately announces that he will soon come out urging immediate hearings on the bill. About half the California dele- gation has promised to support the measure, * xox % ‘The court fight, upon whose head most of Washington's evils are laid, has heid up the completion of the four-million-dollar air-conditioning project which will eventually make the Capitol, the Senate Office Build- ing and the two House Office Buildings 100 per cent equipped. The work was to have been finished by August 15, but Congress being in session has interferred with the plans. Today visitors in the crowded corridors outside the Senate and House perspire, while lucky ones inside enjoy the contrast of heated debate and tempered atmosphere, All of the new and most of the comparatively new Govern- ment buildings are air-cooled (and heated ), and gradually the systems are being expanded. The only Federal building outside of Washington so biessed is the United States Court House in New York. Naturally Federal employes in the South are being heard from. The White House has individua! units in some of the rooms and the executive offices are equipped throughout. As usual, when we brag about this “modern innovation,” we forget one White House bed room was air-cooled temporarily in Garfield's time. It was when the martyred President lay dying there, too ill to be moved. Machinery used for clearing the air in mines was used. % % % Enemies of the “seven T. V. A's," the plan embodied in the bill introduced by Senator Norris providing for seven new “authorities” similar to the Tennessee Valley yardstick, were filled with glee When the Depart- ment of Agriculture representatives criticized the venture. It seems that Senator Norris filled the measure with references to agriculture. He wanted it referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, where he hoped it would be sympathetically received It wasn't. At least, Assistant Secretary of Agriculture Wilson stated very plainly that it would result in too many cooks, and the broth would be spoiled. Duplication of effort and authority was the charge. (Copyrizht, 1937.) e no farm constituents, attempt to embarrass r names. They may Mooney supporters, and that was whewf The B 6as \ wvEn THAT A (- conOTanin G Pmase 177 China Is Anybody’s Guess, Says Marine Corps Officer | Lieut. Col. Erskine Says Ways Unpredictable for Westerners The Chinese are unpredictable, and | there is no use trying to guess what will happen in their country, accord- ing to Lieut. Col. Graves B. Erskine, who recently returned to Quantico, Va. after two and a half years of service in the Embassy Marine Guard U Peiping. 1e Chinese just don't do things the way we do” explained Col.' Erskine. “When 3000 or 4.000 men gel excited about something over here, somebody always gets hurt, but the same number of Chinese can raise & terrific rumpus and then break up with everybody having had a won- | derful time | Elaborating his point, the colonel | told of the beautiful new $2,000,000 | road out of Peiping south. Have It but Save It. “You would be surprised to see most of the trafic moving over the ditches longside the highway,” he grinned. "he attitude seems to be that they | have an expensive road there and! they don't want to wear it down. I| Just don't understand them.” Col. Erskine, former intelligence | officer and later executive officer of | the Embassy Guard, has a high admi- ration for the Chinese soldier “He is capable of enduring unthink- able hardships and, if properly led. is something 1o reckon with,” he | The “long-sword” battalions he described as very effective in close- quarter fighting. The men carry two- handed swords with a blade about as wide as & man’s hand and around 21 | feel long. The weapon is strapped on| BU their backs and is drawn from the | duke sheath over the shoulder all ready for | » deadly overhand smash, he said “All in all, the Chinese are & very tolerant and easy-going people,” he polnted out, “which is why they are | able to live in such congested condi- tions so amicably. I don't think I ever saw two Chinese fighting together in the whole time I was out there.” Protection Plan Worked Out. Discussing the defense set-up of the Peiping forelgn legation quarier, the Murine officer explained that the walled-In sector was parceled out on 8 frontave basis, ench embassy belng respousible for the protection of a cex part of the area nearest it ¢ are abuut ) for 1 Lroops | he Embassy with the rican Ma: contingent of about 500 the larg he thought. There are probably emergency rations to last of three months, In charge of the whole defense plan is the senior International officer, who, | Faces were called off today. for a dozen years up to last year, was| Paul Keim, acting secretary of the the colonel of the American Embassy | Road Horse Association of New Jer- Guard. More recently, Col. Erskine | &€y, sponsor of the races, aaid it was said, it has been & Japanese officer. | the first time in 20 years that a matie Col. Erskine went on to say that he | nee was ealled off for iliness of horses. [} A LIEUT. COL. ERSKINE. felt, by and large, the 675 Americans in Peiping are safe. He pointed out that Peiping could be bombed with- out harm to the very definitely located and concentrated legation area S my personal fecling (hat the Japanese can be counted upon to insure foreign safety. I have had a | great many dealings with their officers ere and found them all square- PRETENDER IS INJURED Archduke Albrecht of Hungary Thrown From Plane. OS AIRES, July 31.—Arch- Ibrecht, pretender to the vacant Hungarian throne, escaped with slight njuries yesterday as the airplane in made & forced landing in the Upper Paran River. Both the archduke and his pilot, who also was injured slightly, were flung from the plane and rescued by a freighter. The 40-year-old archduke, preferred by many Hungarian Fa'ls, in Northeastern Argentina, from Poradas, capital of the Mislones terri- tory Races Off, Horses Ill. NEWARK, N. J, July 31 (#)—Be- ®uuse 20 of its horses were “down with the flu,” Weequahic Park's ’ HE EVENING STAR, 'W which he was riding on a pleasure trip | legitimists to | Archduke Otto, pretender to the Aus- ! trizn throne, which once was united with Hungary's, was flying to Iguazu | trotting | crHE opinions of the writers necessarily The Star’s. ASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY on this page are their own, not Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly oppose: d to The Star’s. Filling the Court Vacancy Failure of President to Name New Justice Before Congress Adjourns Seen Dangerous. BY MARK SULLIVAN. HERE is a vacancy on the Su- preme Court. It has existed since May 18, when Mr. Jus- tice Van Devanter retired. There has been, until now, no pressing reason why President Roosevelt should name an appointee. The work of the court for the past year was virtually concluded before Justice Van Devan- ter retired. Now, however, there is, in the judgment of meny, a reason why Mr. Roose- velt should make the appointment. ‘The reason is that Congress is approaching the end of its session. Any appointment Mr. Roosevelt makes must be confirmed by the Senate. Unless Mr. Roosevelt makes the ap- pointment before this session of Con- gress ends, the Senate would have no opportunity to confirm until the next session of Congress, which will be in January. Nevertheless, there are ap- pearances which suggest that Mr. Roosevelt would prefer not to make the appointment until after Congress adjourns. When the vacancy arose, in May, there was widespread assumption that Mr. Roosevelt would appoint Senator Joseph T. Robinson, who later died The Senate almo:st universally hoped and almost formally urged that Rob- inson be appointed. So conspicuous was the Senate's favor for Mr. Rob- inson that a newspaper man, question- ing President Roosevelt, humorously reversed the process by which justices are created—he asked Mr. Roosevelt if he was “going to confirm the ap- pointment made by the Senate of Robinson to the Supreme Court.” Whether Mr. Roosevelt ever intend- ed to give the vacancy to Mr. Robin- son cannot be known. It was as- sumed that he was somewhat embar- rassed by the Senate’s informal but conspicuous proposal of Robinson Robinson was 65 years old Mr. Roosevell appointed him he would be subjected to some jeering in the light of what he had formerly said about appointin: younger men to the bench. appointment of Robinson would not have been satis- factory to the radicals and extreme liberals who have much weight with Mr. Roosevelt. Looked to Court Bill. Mr. Roosevelt at that time had some hope of relief from his dilemma, There was pending in the Senate his court measure. That, in its original form, would have given him oppor- tunity to appoint six justices, and in its later modified form two justices now and one more next January. If the court measure had passed, Mr. Roosevelt could have appointed Rob- inson and at the same time could have, so to speak, diluted Robinson's ag> by naming one or two other jus- tices younger in age. And he could have diluted Robinson's conservatism by appointing other justices more ac- ceptable to the radicals Mark Sullivan, All this was changed by Robinson’s | death, and changed still further by defeat of the court measure. Mr. Roosevelt has now only one vacancy | In the present situation the | to fill. question is whether Mr. Roosevelt will fill the vacancy before the session of Congress ends or afterward. He asked the Attorney General to give him an Hence if | opinion whether it would be legal for him to make the appointment after the session of Congress ends. The difference between appointment now and appointment after the session of Congress ends has some impor- tance. If the appointment is not made until after the session ends; then it cannot be confirmed until the next sesslon, which does not meet until January. In the meantime, however, the Supreme Court resumes its sit- tings in October. If Mr. Roosevelt should make his appointment after the session of Con- gress ends, would the new appointee sit with the court in October, without waiting for confirmation? If the new appointee should do that, and if there- after the Senate should refuse con- firmation, an awkward situation would have been created. The new appointez would be in the position of having sat on the court before his title to his seat was perfected. The condition might raise awkward questions about the validity of court decisions made, or court hearings held, at a time when there was on the bench a justice whose title to his seat turned out to be imperfect. Court Seen Embarrassed. If the new justice were not ap- pointed until after the session ends, and if he should, without waiting con- firmation, assert a right to sit on the | court, would the court feel called upon | to question his right? Undoubtedly, |in such -a circumstance, the court | would be embarrassed. | On the other hand, if Mr. Roosevelt makes the appointment after the ses- sion ends, and if the new justice, out | | of a sense of propriety, refrains from | trying to take his seat until after he | is confirmed in January, then the court would sit for more than three months with one vacancy. That con- dition would make ironic Mr. Roose- velt's frequently and vociferously made assertion that the court does not work fast enough, that it ought to have more justices, and that it ought not to take long vacations One can see reasons why Mr. Roose- velt should prefer to defer the ap- pointment until after this session of Congress ends. Some of the reasons are in a way meritorious, some less so. It might reasonably be that Mr. Roose- velt would prefer not to add the busi- ness of confirming a Supreme Court justice to the work of a Senate already crowded. Mr. Roosevelt may feel that if he makes the appointment now he must make one that is so clearly meritorious and acceptable that it would not give rise to controversy, an | confirmation would come promptly without prolonging the session of Con- | gress If one were suspicious—and much of Washington is inordinately suspi- cious just now—the suspicion might take the form of apprehending that Mr. Roosevelt wants to make an ap- pointment of a radical and unusual kind, such as would stir up commo- tion. Possibly this suspicion might be accounted for by Mr. Roosevelt's long attitude toward the court. Possibly | it might be accounted for by stories | floating about Washington from time | to time to the effect that Mr. Roosevelt might appoint a justice who is a lay- man, not a lawyer. These stories, however, are not traceable to Mr. Roosevelt or any one authoritatively close to him. They are the sort of | tory that arises by a kind of spon- taneous combustion in such an atmos- phere as has existed in Washington for some time (Copyright 1937.) HOMESTEADSTRIKE PROBE IS DENIED Labor Relations Board Re- fers Request Back to Resettlement Body. By the Associated Press ELKINS, W. Va,, July 31.—The Na- tional Labor Relations Board declined today to intervene in the four-day-old strike of co-operative farmers at the Resettlement Administration’s lion-dollz Tygart homesteads. Robert Z. Willson, spokesman for the 98 strikers, said the board in- formed him that his request for an investigation of charges of misman- agement and waste had been “referred back” to the Resettlement Adminis- tration. Although strikers halted work on 24 homes and & limestone plant in the 2,500-acre community, they offered today to work without pay on the communal farm to save the crops. Strikers at a “pep meeting” last night charged that Representative Jennings Randolph, Democrat, of Elkins had ignored their mppeal for an “open and fair investigation” of the controversy. mil- Although the Resettlement Admin- | istration has not commented on the charges, two project supervisors have been removed L. Wade Coberly, resident engineer named in the accusations of misman- agement, will be replaced tomorrow by W. H. Eubank, an estimator on the project. Coberly will go on & month's vacation and return as a co-ordinator. E. F. Comey, construction superin- tendent, who asked the strikers to return to work until an investigation could be made, announced he had been transferred to a similar home- stead in Michigan. Fifty-eight homesteaders who re- fused to join the strike organised and named Clinton Heckert as their spokesman, Buck “Captured” Alive. ELGIN, TI. () —Two policemen “caplured” Prank Buck, famous hunts- man, and brought him back alive to the Elgin police station. “Bring Em Back Alive” Buck pleaded guilty to a speeding charge and was fined $ 5 = Be Fair to Parked Car. The driver who is parked on a treet where the flow of traffic is heavy often finds it dificult to get out into the procession. The fair and courteous thing to do is to give this fellow a chance. You would expeet and appreciate this eourtesy yoursel! if you were in that predicament. \ China (Continued From First Page) had been received since the crisis arose (The Americans—Harry S. Martin of Boston and James A. Hunter of Peoria, Il —are attached to the Amer-l ican Board of Commisstoners for For- | eign Missions of the Congregational Church, with headquarters in Boston. Chinese Reach Liuliho. Reliable reports from Nanking, seat | of China's government, declared that the vanguard of central Chinese troops moving north toward the trouble zone had reached Liuliho, only 30 miles | south of Peiping | The Chinese forces, of undetermined | size, were following the Peiping-Han- | kow Rallway from Paotingfu If the reports were accurate, the Chinese movement northward would place the vanguard only 12 miles from | the Japanese Army, penetrating south- ward along the same railway line, and might presage a serious,clash betwen Nanking forces and the Japanese The Nanking regime thus far has remained aloof apparently from the Hopeh-Chahar trouble and its future policy has been veiled in secrecy. Although the air force and infan- try continued mopping-up action against scattered Chinese units near | Tientsin and Peiping, the Japanese | Army claimed military control of all| of Hopeh Province north of a line betwen Tangku and a point approxi- mately 18 miles south of Peiping. | | Control of the territory placed | Japan astride China's two North-| South railway lines and in command | of the Eastern terminus of one rail- | road into Inner Mongolia. Chinese gendarmes who survived the unsuccessful Tientsin attack were reported to be converging 40 miles south of the city to await possible reinforcements from the South before attempting further military action. Chinese sources asserted Japanese planes roared out of Tientsin to Pao- tingfu, 80 miles southwest of Peiping, late yesterday and bombed troop con- centrations there: It previously was reported some 30,000 Chinese were massed near Paotingfu to reinforce the forces engaged in the Northern fNghting. VISITS FORMER KAISER DOORN, Netherlands, July 31 (#).— Former Queen Victoria Eugenia of Spain, heavily velled, motored alone | from Germany yesterday to pay & visit to former Kalser Wilhelm of Germany. She remained indoors with the former Kaiser and was not seen walk- ing the grounds. It was known Wilhelm told former | King Alfonso two years ago that *I| hope I can see Queen ‘Ena’ before I die.” | Household officials denied, however, that the visit concerned reconciliation between the Queen and Alfonso, trom whom she has been separated since lo.r.:nux they fled from BSpain in 1 | Teady on the seas for the purpose of | | delivering material-—unconscious that | House announced that Secretary and | | Mrs. Hull would join President Roose- | morning if the Secretary of State is JULY 31 We, the People Senators Who Voted for Court Bill Called *“True Friends of Reform Movement.” BY JAY FRANKLIN, OR the first time since November, 1932, President Roosevelt knows who are the true friends of the reform movement which he leads. He started his court fight to compel the nominal Democratic Sena- tors to follow the election returns, with the expectation that only the reactionaries would be forced to label themselves as such. He was de- feated in this plan by a combination of treachery, bad luck and high- pressure financial lobbying. Those who went along with the New Deal, through political expediency or fear of popular rep Is, were not made to put themselves on record in the final Senate vote to recommit the judiciary reform bill. ‘When the White House pulled the plug on the court plan there were 20 Senators who stood up and voted for reform even after the administra=- tion withdrew from the stricken fleld littered with dead and dying reputa- tions. The people are entitled to know who are their friends, regardless of White House politics. Here is the roll of honor, the list of Senators who voted against the Tory plan to strangle the judiciary reform bill in the dark: Caraway, Ark., term expires in 1938, Chavez, N. Mex., term expires 1940, Ellender, La., term expires in 1942, Green of R. I, term expires in 1942, Guffey of Pa, term expires in 1940. Hatch, N. Mex,, term expires 1942, Hitchcock, S. Dak., term exp. 1938, Hughes of Dela,, term expires 1942, McKellar, Tenn,, term expires 1940, Neely, W. Va , term expires in 1942, Schwartz, Wyo., term expires 1942, Schwellenbach, Washington, 1940, Smathers, N. J, term expires 1942, Truman of Mo, term expires 1940, Bone of Wash., term expires in 1938, La Follette, Wis., term expires 1940, Bulkley, Ohio, term expires in 1938. Lundeen, Minn., term expires 1942, Though absent, Senator Norris of Nebraska was paired against re- committing the bill to the Judiciary Committee. * K K X ‘Thus only 9 of the 26 so-called liberal Senators elected to help Mr. Roosevelt in the “mandate” of 1936 decided to follow the election returns instead of Wall Street Those who walked out on reform include Bachman of Tennes- see, Bailey of North Carolina, Bankhead of Alabama (paired with Norris), Brown of Michigan, Bulow of South Dakota, Byrnes of South Carolina, Glass of Virginia, Harrison of Mississippi, Herring of Iowa, Johnson of Colorado, Lee of Oklahoma, Lewis of Illinois, Logan of Kentucky, Murray of Montana, Russell of Georgia and Sheppard of Texas—all of whom were elected last year on the “trust- Roosevell” ticket, They were, of course, joined by every Republican in the Senate, de- lighted to have found allies in reaction Not all of those who abandoned the sinking ship of the 1937 reform bill were active mutineers. Mr. Mark Sullivan, gleeful historian of this successful effort to double-cross the voters, gratefully lists the following “Democrats” among the Big Ten who butchered the election returns in the Senate Judiciary Committee King of Utah, up for re-election in 1940. Van Nuys of Indiana, up for re-election in 1938, McCarran of Nevada, up for re-election in 1938 Hatch of New Mexico, up for re-election in 1942, thus agile old gentleman firmly on both sides of the question, Burke of Nebraska, up for re-election in 1940. Connally of Texas, up for re-election in 1940, O'Mahoney of Wyoming, up for re-election in 1940, To which roll must be added Wheeler of Montana, up for re-election in 1940, Clark of Missouri, up for re-election in 1938 Ashurst of Arizona, up for re-election in 1940, who put the reform bill to sleep with laughing gas in his Judiciary Committee, Smith of South Carolina, up for re-election in 1938, Tydings of Maryland, up for re-election in 1938. Byrd of Virginia, up for re-election in 1940 Copeland of New York, up for re-election in 1940, Holt of West Virginia, up for re-election in 1940, Balley of North Carolina, up for re-election in 1942 Glass of Virginia, up for re-election in 1942 George of Georgia, up for re-election in 1938, Herring of Towa, up for re-election in 1942, * ok % x These 18 “Democrats® con- stituted themselves as a parlia- mentary battalion of death which refused to allow a record vote on a major reform measure. 8ix of them will be up for re-election next year, eight of them in 1940. They are hereby referred to the justice of the people whose pro- New Deal votes they embezzled and converted to their own per- sonal advantage, at the expense of deeply needed and long-deferred reforms. Unless our democracy can vote such men out of our public life, it is a fallure, 1937 Bilbo of Miss., term expires in 1940. Black of Ala., term expires in 1938. (Copyright, 1937.) U.S. PEACE THREAT SEEN IN FAR EAST Lewis Warns Sudden Act to Enforce Neutrality Could Mean War. By the Associated Press. Senator Lewis, Democrat, of Illinois said today the United States could be at war with China or Japan, or both, “within an hour,” if it complied with demands for immediate enforce- ment of the neutrality law. Discussing the administration’s policy with regard to the Asiatic crisis, Lewis told the Senate | “Those who are demanding that the | United States enforce its neutrality | law at once fail to see that the mo- | ment we announce either one of the | nations 8s the aggressor and declare | both as being at war, our ships of trade delivering American goods in the Orient would at once be seized | by either China or Japan, or both, as | bringing supplies to the enemy. “The* American citizens would be seized and imprisoned, and then it is that America must go to the rescue of | her people and her property, and this she must do by her American Navy. and America becomes at once involved | in the war of China and Japan. Neither Has Grievance. “At present the American shipper can continue sending his goods to China and Japan, and unless they are muni- tlons of war deliberately sent for the purpose of aiding the conflict neither country has a grievance against Amer- | ica “BUft when once America attempts | to apply her neutrality law, and stops her merchants from disposing of American goods to China or Japan, the vessels of the Americans who are al- Families on Relief To Get Pears as U. S. Purchases Surplus By the Associated Press. Families on Federal relief soon may have pear salad on their menus. A considerable quantity of sur- plus Bartlett pears on the Cali- fornia markets is to be pur- chased by the Federal Surplus Commodities Corp., Agricultural Adjustment Administration offi- clals said today, in order to avoid price drops. Production of the pears in California, Oregon and Washington was said to be 25 per cent greater than the average production from 1932 to 1936. —_— pared to report by radio telephone to in the Far Eastern crisis. He told his press conference today, however, that the situatlon in North China appeared to be relatively quiet. Open-air dance pavilions in public parks of Moscow are crowded every night. @he Foening Hlar B o Is an Authorized they are violating any law—could be | seized or fired upon, and America at | once would be forced to resent these | assaults, and America would be at war | with the Orient “For this reason—to avoid such possibility—the President must con- tinue his efforts to persuade those in conflict, both in Spain and in the Orient, to come to peace upon accept- able terms, and keep the United States from embroiling itself through its merchants and shippers, being seized as offenders, and thus the United States be deprived of all in- fluence in its efforts to mediate through good counsel and restore the conflicting forces to peace and good Wwill of neighbors Hulls to Board Yacht. Shortly after Lewis spoke, the White | matter — and Placing a Class i velt and his party aboard the presi- | Branchi; Offices; dential yacht Potomac tomorrow able to leave Washington at that time. Tentative plans have been made for them to board the Potomac at Quan- tico, Va, where the President will stop to deliver a radio address to France on the occasion of the dedi- cation of the American World War Battle Monument st Montfaucon. Hull said today he s pre- Authorized Star Headline Folk and What They Do. C. S. Hoyt, Amateur First Mate, Is Yachts- man With Own Ideas. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. HEY couldn't possibly ready an America’s Cup race without the rollicking C. Sherman Hoyt any more than a world series with= out Al Schacht or Nick Altrock. Thae greatest amateur firsl mate in Americ he mischievously tools in the three- year-old British Endeavour away ahead of the new American Ranger in the preliminary squadron run, thereby upsetting racing dope which had been figuring four straight victories for the Ranger, in the cup races starting today. His father was Colgate Hoyt, who built the first whale-backs on the Great Lakes. In the early 90s, he sailed boats along Long Island shores, went to Brown University and studied naval architecture in Glasgow University. His first success in boat building was attained in 1907 with the Q class sloop Capsicum, which won the King's Cup. In the following years, he designed many successful six and eight meter boats, Like Starling Burgess, eccentric de- signer of America's Cup defenders— who likes to write poetry and stand on his head—Mr. Hoyt has many ideas of his own. In 1927 they sprouted in L thoroughly wacky sort of boat appro= priately called the Atrocia, with the mast stepped far abaft the beam. It worked more like & merry-go-round than a boat and nothing ever cama of it. At that, Mr. Hoyt is & master of sound design and get more fun out of it. both as designer and salor, than anybody in the sport. He is a former captain of three ine ternational yachting teams and was adviser in the building of the Entere prise in 1930. He fags for the owners and watches the staysl luff with an eager, practiced eye. He wears old khaki shorts and canvas sneakers and has no use for gold brald or flannels, John K. Caldwell. John K. Caldwell, American Consul- general in battle-swept Tientsin, 15 & trusted diplomat with nearly 30 years in the service and is one of the Stats Department's leading experts on the Far East. From Piketon, Ohio, where he was born in 1881, he went to a Treasury job at Washington and thence to Japan as a student intere preter. Starting as deputy consul at Yokohama, he served in many Far Eastern posts, also at Vladivostok and Sydney, Australia. He has been at Tientsin since 1935, (Copyright, 1987.) BILLIE SMATHERS the President any new developments | INJURED IN CRASH Senator's Daughter and Four Others Hurt in Accidents in D. C. Traffic. ¥ Miss Billie Smathers. 18, dsughter of Senator Smathers of New Jersey, and four other persons were injured in trafic accidents during the last 24 hours. Miss Smathers suffered contusions when her car was in collision yestere day afternoon with a taxicab at New Jersey avenue and F street. She was treated at Emergency Hospital. Charles Taylor, 23, of 4443 Conduit road, motor cyclist, whose machine Rot out of control. rested easily today in Emergency, where he was being treated for possible fractures to the left ankle and a right thigh, suffered when his vehicle took him through a plate-glass window. Taylor lost control of his motor cycle in the 2300 block of M street yesterday. As it cut across the sidee walk it knocked down Maj. Edward H. Brooks, Fort Leavenworth, Kans., Who was uninjured. June Rafley, 4. of 640 I street northeast; Kenneth Donaldson, 13, of 632 Massachusetts avenue north- east, and Mrs. Carrie Amaker, 41, colored, 331 U street, also received minor injuries when struck by auto- mobiles. Mrs. Amaker was knocked down by | an unoccupied auto as she stood in s | street car safety zone at Seventh and D streets. The machine, owned by Margaret Beuchert, 49, of 1318 Sheri- day street, rolled backward downhill | from its parking place, hit the colored woman and bounced acrosas the side- walk into a plate glass window. ADVERTISEMENTS ReceIvED HERE Reiskin’s Pharmacy—81 Florida Ave. N.W. Star Branch Office INDING some one who can supply the want that’s concerning you is an easy simply accomplished through, a clearly worded and properly classified advertisement in The Star. ed Section is so thoroughly read eve: by so nearly everybody, in and around Wasl ing- ton—it is no wonder that the Star’s day Becaus Star Classified Advertisements DO Bring Results ied Advertisement in The Star is made very convenient by the authorized Star located neighborhood—where copy for the Star Class fied Section may be left—assured of prompt in- sertion in the first available issue. in practically every Branch Offices can be identified by the gbove sign,