Evening Star Newspaper, July 11, 1937, Page 11

* SPED LITGATON ACAINSTARPORT Neighbors of Congressional Field Act on Rumor of Favor for D. C. Aroused by rumors that the District Afrport Commission is considering recommendation of the Congressional Afrport site as an alternative location for an air transport terminal for ‘Washington, residents of the neighbor- hood are understood to be planning a move to expedite pending litigation prohibiting all flying from that area. ‘There now is pending in the Mary- 1and courts an amended bill seeking a mandatory injunction closing Congres- sional Airport and prohibiting flying activity of any kind from ‘the prop- erty, The fight against Congressional Airport has been in the courts since Beptember 11, 1935. Members of the Airport Commission refused to discuss the rumors that they were recommending the Congressional site in their report to Congress. This report is expected to be revealed to- morrow. 40 Acres Involved First. The original bill of complaint against Congressional Airport was di- rected against the use of 40 of the 256 acres-available in the site for flying operations, A demurrer, filed by the defendants, was sustained by the Rockville court May 25, 1936. An amended bill of complaint was filed June 16, 1936, and & demurrer to the amended bill was filed July 3, 1936. Since that time the court has thrown out one point of the demurrer, that the Maryland Aviation Commission should have been named in the suit. There the action now rests. The airport still is in operation, its activities including a flying school The plaintiffs, seeking to close the airport, are Mary P. Bradley, Mr. and Mrs. Philander C. Johnson, R. Maude Hodgkins, John F. Wilkins, Marion Barrow, Mr. and Mrs. Harry Faton, Mr. and Mrs. Milo Coplen and Esther M. Ochsenreiter. All are own- ers of property adjoining the airport. These plaintiffs, represented by At- torneys Thomas M. Anderson,. F. Bradley and former State Senator Btedman Prescott of Rockville, seek to enjoin the use of the property as an airport on the ground that it is & nuisance and that it depreciates the value of their property. Defendants in Action. Defendants named in the action are Rosa A. Wagner, William F. Wagner, Urban N. Wagner, Minnie L. Wagner, Simon P. Wagner, Clarissa Wagner and Bamuel R. Guest and John Hinson. Guest and Hinson are named as | lessees of the property and operators of the airport. According to the bill of complaint, Congressional Airport was established in 1929 on 40 of the 259 acres in the Wagner plot. It was taken back from the original lessees in 1934 because of the failure of the original operators of the airport and subsequently was leased to Guest and Hinson. It also was learned yesterday that there is pending before the Airport Commission a plan for the develop- ment of a partially elevated airport sbove the railroad yards northwest of New York avenue, which would include @ part of the undeveloped section adjoining Langdon. Warehouse Space Provided. Submitted by Lieut. W. W. Fuller, U. 8. N, retired, the plan would call for an elevated runway sys- tem over the railroad yards and ad- Joining area, merging into higher solid graund to the north and west. Under the elevated portion would be space for warehouses, markets and similar establishments, it was pointed out. Lieut. Fuller told the commission that runways of a minimum of 4,000 feet in length could be provided in all directions and that the airport would be closer Office and nearly as close to the downtown hotel district as is Wash- ington Airport. The cost, he esti- mated, would be $20,000,000, but this would. be justified by income from other than airport uses. Airport (Continued From First Page.) — rule of the companies to allow the pllots to use their full discretion in elearing the Washington-Hoover Air- port, and in effecting landings and take-offs there. Furthermore * * * all scheduled airline pilots are author- ised to use their discretion in any ease of landing or take-off. “It should be pointed out again that, under the operating rules of the sirline companies and the regulations asued by the Secretary of Commerce, no landing or take-off should be made st Washington-Hoover Airport or any other port, if, in the opinion of the pllot, such landing or take-off involves sn undue hazard. Therefore, any landings or take-offs made within the next ‘60 days’ at the airport men- tioned must remain a responsibility of the pilot, who is fully authorized to determine whether or not the eon- ditions at the port and at the time do or do not creat a hazard.” The bureau, Secretary Roper said, *“is always interested to learn of any change in the safety conditions but that there appears to be no recently developed hazard in sight that has not been, and is not capable of being, cared for. . Branch said the crisis which now faces Washington Airport is likely to be faced by other city terminals in the near future. He named Newark Airport, the New York terminal as an example. Increasing congestion and the use of Marger and faster air- planes is endangering the usefulness of airports which hitherto have been adequate, he said, and it may become necessary to split up trafic between two. or more airports in some cities to relieve tongestion. MANUFACTURER DIES ©. ‘G. Richenecker Succumbs at ' Home in Florida: HOWEY - IN - THE - HILLS, Fla, July 10 (A).—Charles G. Richenecker, 173, retired manufacturer of Water- vliet, N. Y., died at his home here today of a heart attack. Richenecker was the owner of a earriage and wagon manpufacturing company at Watervliet. He ' moved bere In 1931, Survivors include his widow; a son, C. J, of Watervliet, N. Y., and o dslughter, Mrs. George Bradshaw of Troy, N. Y. Funersl services will be held here tomorrow. Burial will be in New York. A ) M | blocked. to the City Post| BY JOHN LEAR, Associated Press Staft Writer. NGLAND'S proposal to divide Palestine into three parts | would free virtuslly all its in- habitants from foreign domi- nation for the first time in 2,000 years. The Jews of the country have not been independent since Pompey marched from Rome to crush them n 63 B.C. The Arabs have not known com- plete freedom since the Ottoman Turks overthrew them in the seventh century B. C. Neither of the two peoples has been under subjection, in the strictest sense of that word, under England's pres- ent League of Nations mandate, but neither have they been wholly free. The partition proposed by the Brit- ish Royal Commission would set up two independent natlons: One for the Jews, mostly in the plains along the coast; another for the Arabs, in the Hills, with England maintaining a mandate over the holy cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Both Seek Independence. Independence is what both Jews and Arabs have been seeking since they became pawns in the diplomacy of World War days. The Suez Canal was a vital spot to British naval operations during the war and England was afraid her foes would use Syria and Palestine as a convenient base for attack. The Holy Land was then under Turkish rule and the Turks were allied with Germany. But the Arabs, who made up most of the population, were restive. Taking advantage of the Arab feel- ing, Britain let it be known that if she won the war the Arabian penin- sula would be declared independent after peace was signed. The Arabians reacted favorably and agreed to turn against the Turks after Sir Henry McMahon, then high commissioner in Egypt, laid out a definite plan for dividing the Arab country, including Palestine, into independent and quasi- independent states. The expeditions of the famous T. E. Lawrence fol- lowed and the attack on the Suez was Thus began the Arab side of the problem. In 1918 the Allies were in another tough spot. The Rumanian Army was crushed, the Russians were demoral- ized, the French were unable at the moment to take the offensive on a large scale, American troops were not yet in the trenches and English ship- ping was being sunk with disastrous effect by German submarines. Some- thing had to be done to fortify the Position generally, and the British de- cided that that something was world- wide support from the Jewish people. The famous Balfour declaration was issued, in which the Jews were pro- mised a “national home” in Palestine it they threw in their lot with Eng- land and her allies. The leaders of the Jews agreed, and Jewish influence was exerted in the Allies’ behaif. Thus began the Jewish side of the problem. Two Promises to Keep. When the war was over, England had two promises to keep. The Arabs claimed the right to independent rule of Palestine as a reward for their re- volt. The Jews claimed the right to & national home in Palestine as & re- ward for their help. That was dificult enough, but it was made worse by two developments: 1. One of the 14 points on which President Wilson sald peace ahould | be made provided that all mumlu-; ties under Turkish rule should have | “an absolutely unmolested opportunity | of autonomous development.” | 2. The British and French govern- | ments in a joint declaration in 1919 | guaranteed free governments to Syria and Mesopotamia, | The Arabs insisted that Palestine should be theirs under both these points, as well as under the McMahon | document. | The partition report of the royal | commission recognizes some validity in this argument, for the first time. Heretofore the English contended that Palestine was not a part of Syria and therefore not subject to the Franco- British pact and that the Arabs had misinterpreted the dividing line the McMahon document drew between in- dependent and quasi-independent states. In an effort to clear up the situa- tion peacefully, the Versailles treaty drafters put Palestine under a man- date and left the choice of the gov- erning country to Palestine’s popu- lation. Both the Arabs and the Jews chose England, and the new gov- ernment went into effect in 1930. The Jews cheered the mandate as an opening wedge for the “national Jewish state” they had sought so long, but the Arabs never accepted it. To understand the situation fully as it stood in 1920 it is necessary to| g0 further back than the war. The roots of the problem lie deep in the mysticism and emotion of religion. An important fact. about Palestine is that it is the home of three world- ’vnde bellefs: Christian, Jew and Mos- lem. Historically, the Jews have the greatest claim to call it “home.” They drifted down from the barren steppes of the north across the Arabian des- ert toward the Mediterranean Sea somewhere between 1,000 and 3,000 years before Christ's birth. History shows that by about 1100 B.C. the Israclites occupled most of the hill country of Palestine and were al- ready distinguished from their neigh- bors by their one-God religion. Their kingdom grew and prospered up to :h]el deldth of King 8élomon and then ell under subjection of Persians and jnomm. faeaiee Romans Destroyed Jerusalem. The Jews rebelled 8o often that the Romans finslly sent in an army in 135 AD, destroyed Jerusslem and plowed up its site. Many were alain, many more were enslaved. Survivors were scattered across the world. Only a few thousand faithful re- mained in the Jewish homeland during ————e DIEHL FANS A Sixe and Type for Eviry Nedd = Hou: far wall or window m r style w in rooms vitall; 1r weleomo addition to. any room in the house. 5-year suarantee. 3. 527 Vb THE BUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JULY 11 1937—PART ONE. Palestine’s Qutside Rule May End England’s Proposed Partition Would Give Arabs and Jews Long-Sought Independence. JEWISH STATE ARAB STATE AUDI ARABIA How Great Britain would carve up Palestine. (Inset shows Palestine’s relation to its neighbors.) * the next 500 years of Roman and Byzantine rule. Then the Arabs, en- couraged by the rise of Mohammed, took possession of the country ir the course of building their empire be- tween 632 and 713 AD. They re- mained in overwhelming majority in the population from then on. The Crusaders came and went, and the land lay for 12 centuries under the dominion of the Ottoman Turks. For the time, Palestine ceased be- ing a problem, but new trouble was being stirred up around the globe and it ultimately was to rest in Palestine. In some countries Jews were perse- cuted and driven from home. They turned back to Jerusalem. The Zion- ist movement was born. In 1845, there were not more than 12,000 Jews in Palestine. By 1881, there were 25,000. Zionism entered the field of practical politics in 1897, when Theodor Herzl, Viennese play- wright and journalist, called a con- vention of world Jewry in Switzer- land and formed the Zionist organiza- tion. When England took over Palestine's government {n 1920, the country held | 600,000 Arabs and about 83,000 Jews. Five years later the Arab population was stationary, but the Jews num- bered 108,000, and immigration re- strictions had become necessary, Fearing the Jewish influx ultimately would, engulf thém, the Arabs began rioting. Arab living conditions im- proved—Ilargely because of Jewish in- vestments, the royal commission re- port says, and the Jews paid exorbi- tant prices for land, but the religious issue remained and violence continued almost incessantly in one form or an- other until last year's outbreak which resulted in the commission's appoint- ment. If the Jews and Arabs could be segregated completely in the two new nations England proposes, the Arab community today would be about twice the larger. There are 950,000 Arabs in Palestine, and 400,000 or more Jews. —— Dr. Sigmund Freud Il VIENNA, July 10 (#) .—Dr. Sig- mund Freud, famed psychoanalyst, is ill with a heart affliction, his physician announced tonight. Dr. Freud was 81 on May 6. His theory that nervous troubles and worries are attributable to sexual impulses and civilization's festraints is known throughout the world. APARTMENT HOTEL 4527 Walnst St., Philadelphia $9.50 to $22.50 Woekly Boom & Bath, $1.90 5. _Dovbie $2.30 b QUICK & BROS., INC. E. Agb., 8 5. 40 st. THE HAMMOND —an organ of ~at the cosf @ This new organ, ‘now in use in thousands of homes, churches, schools and mortuaries has brought fine music with- in the reach of even those of average means. Creat- ing tones by electrical impulse, using no pipes or reeds the Hammond produces all the familiar tone colors plus many new ones. cathedral tone of a fine piano —and up on s1,275 very easy terms. ® The Hammond can be heard anytime in our studios e ARTHUR JORDAN PIANO COMPANY 1239 G Street Corner of 13th ARABS PLAN QUIET FIGHT ON PARTITION All Moslems Will Be Asked to Put Pressure on Britain to Revoke Order. By the Assoctated Press. JERUSALEM, July 10.—Arab po- litical leaders decided today to use diplomatic means in their fight for “fustified demands” over the parti- tion of Palestine recommended by the British Royal Commission. Reliable sources said a campaign will be carried on throughout the entire Moslem population and Eastern Moslems will be asked to exert pres- sure upon Great Britain to revoke the ‘whole partition plan and return Pal- estine to the Arabs. ‘These sources said Syria, Egypt, In- dia and the Lebanon district would be chief supporters of the local Arabs in opposing partitioning of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states and a British Mandate territory. Limited Duty Dishes. We seldom see the great man over the dishpan, but history has recorded Nathaniel Hawthorne washing the dishes one day when his wife was 1 Lot Floor Samples $44 Innerspring Mattress and Box Spring $26.60 for both Sensational Close-Out Specials $12.22 Sample Occasional Chair Back and Arms $6.95 End Table $5 Solid Maple Peer Cabinet_$].44 $20 Solid Maple Bed. 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