Evening Star Newspaper, May 29, 1937, Page 6

A—6 .THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning .Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BATURDAY May 29, 1937 THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 11th 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave. New Yo-k Office: 110 Eaat 42nd 8t ©hicago Office: 435 North Michizan Ave. Rate by Carrier—City and Suburban. Begular Edition. day St The Evenine and gm0y onth or 15c per week The Evening Star Sl 45¢ per mont The Sunday Star -bc per copy Night Final Edition, ight Final anc Sunday Star. H R A 5¢ per month Collection made at the ei ch month or each wee. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- vhone National 5000. 70¢ per month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1 mo., 85¢ 1 mol, 50c 1 mo.. 40c All Gther States and Canada, Daily anq Sanday. 1 yr. $1200; 1 mo. Daily only__ 13 TgR00: 1 mo Ir., X $1.00 78e Sunday onlv_. 5 1 mo., 50¢c Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press {5 exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. _— The Relief Battle. ‘The battle in the House of Repre- sentatives over the relief bill, with the President and his personal followers on the one hand and the insurgents on the other, is interesting, but not stimulating. The issue simmers down to a desire on the part of the Chief Executive and Harry Hopkins, spender par excellence, to use a billion and a half dollars for “relief” as they see fit, while the insur- gents want one-third of that sum used for purposes they consider desirable in their own districts. There is no question of economy or saving to the taxpayers. The administration forces raise the cry of “pork” against the insurgents, because the insurgents wish the money expended for flood control, drought relief and road building within their own States and dis- tricts. If it is “pork,” it is only “pork” wrapped up in another kind of package, different in aspect from what goes on under the Federal spenders. ‘When the money is handled by Harry Hopkins, the credit goes to the national administration for the projects and the “relief” provided. If, on the other hand, projects and money are obtained through action of members of Congress, the credit may be claimed by them. With credit and appreciation go votes. There is an election coming on. While it is difficult to become excited, from an altruistic point of view, over the contest in the House, the revolt has reached unexpected proportions. The insurgents were in charge of the relief bill for the time, and the administration leaders were afraid to meet the issue on Thursday. The plea to let the issue go over until next Tuesday was humiliating, even if it was the wise move. If the revolt really meant that mem, bers of Congress were tired of taking orders from the White House, that they intended to use their own judgment in an independent way and that they were | through with signing on the dotted line, it would be important. If it meant that Congress intended to take back the pre- rogative of deciding where the people’s money it to be expended and for what, it might be hopeful. But there is no as- surance that such feelings and such desire for independent action are back of the revolt. The cynical are today merely waiting for the administration, either by the use of its tremendous power or by promises given here and there, to regain its usual control. In the meantime, the question of really great importance, whether there is to be any decrease in relief expenditures, whether there is to be less waste of public money in the administration of relief, has apparently been lost to sight. The administration has turned its back on a census of unemployment, the only effec- tive way of learning how much money is needed for relief. It wants a specific sum of money to be expended as it believes and where it belleves it will do the most good. ———. In seeking rules for the restriction of airplane service, Director Fred D. Fagg appears to be a student of conditions that regularly exist, rather than a stu- dent of those discovered by aviators for themselves. ————————— The name Rockefeller is associated with methods of showing money how to work as well as how to play. ———er—s. Ideal Auditorium Site. While it is not definitive, the action of the Commission of Fine Arts favoring the eastern section of the area that has been designated as the location of the Dis- trict’s municipal center, at John Marshall place and Constitution avenue, for the projected Government auditorium may be regarded as indicative of the eventual decision. The site is satisfactory from every point of view. It is central, con- venient of access and large enough to permit the construction of a building of adequate proportions. Upon it may be erected an auditorium capable of accom- modating many thousands of people, with conditions assuring perfect vision and hearing. The urgent need of such a great assem- bly hall was demonstrated last January, when the inauguration of President Roosevelt at the Capitol ‘exposed a great multitude of people, including virtually the entire personnel of the Government in Washington, to the inclemency of the weather. This experience, which was perilous, caused an immediate expression of demand for the provision of a place where important official ceremonials could be conducted at all seasons with- out discomfort and danger. Steps were at once taken to this end. Numerous suggestions for a site for such a struc- ture were advanced, one of them being the location now favored by the Commis- sion of Fine Arts. This area is the property of the Dis- trict Government, having been purchased out of its own funds for the purpose of establishing there a group of buildings to house the municipal services, now congested in a headquarters building that will eventually pass into the posses- sion of the National Government for pub- lic building construction and.dispersed in various unsuitable buildings scattered over a wide range. It is now regarded as improbable that the site will ever be used as a municipal center. If the Gov- ernment takes it for its own purposes, for the erection of a Federal auditorium, it will, of course, recompense the District for its outlay. In the selection of a site for such a large construction as a suitable Govern- ment auditorium would need to be, thought must be given to the matter of accessibility and convenience of ap- proach. It should not be located at a distance from the center of the city. It should have relation in position to the central group of Government structures. It should be, in short, in just about the very place, in this respect, that has now been given the approval of the Commis- sion of Fine Arts, which views the matter from the standpoint of Capital-making appropriateness. Upon such a site as that afforded by the eastern section of the area once con- templated for the erection of the munici- pal center a building can be erected that will equal, if it will not surpass, any other great assembly hall in this country. No less than that should be considered. e The Baldwin Era. Time’s judgment will be required to fix Stanley Baldwin's precise place in British history, embracing fourteen momentous years during which he headed four different governments. It was a soul-trying era in which the iron master statesman was called upon to serve. The record is dotted with blun- ders and compromises, as well as tri- umphs, but on the whole Mr. Baldwin brought to British statecraft a fresh luster certain to bracket his name with those of famous predecessors in the prime ministership. A typical, bluff, unspectacular Englishman, combining business training with a cultured mind, it fell to the lot of the Worcestershire industrialist and country squire to rule at No. 10 Downing Street during the anxious post-war decade and a half which was to see the British govern- mental structure almost remade. The war debt settlement, abandonment of the gold standard, abolition of free trade, the general strike of 1926, the statute of Westminster certifying the independence of the dominions, grant- ing of a constitution to India, the crisis in British-European relations vrovoked by the Italo-Ethiopian War, the vast rearmament program and finally the empire-shaking episodes associated with the abdication of King Edward VIII— these are the high lights of the re- markable regime that has just drawn to a close in London. That Stanley Baldwin quits office leaving Great Britain more firmly intrenched in prestige and power than ever before is sufficient commentary on the rugged mettle of the man who was clothed with supreme responsibility while all this stupendous history was in the making. -The national labor disturbance of eleven years ago gave Mr. Baldwin ideal opportunity to exhibit those safe-and- sane qualities and strong devotion to principle which are his hallmark. His conduct of foreign policy, especially when Mussolini challenged British power in the Mediterranean, is a less flattering phase of the Baldwin career. Probably posterity’s verdict on that period of vacillation and pusillanimity will be softened in contemplation of its after- math—British determination never again to permit the empire's authority wan- tonly to be flouted. Stanley Baldwin's leadership was mainly responsible for that iron resolve. The retiring prime minister’s pre- eminent achievement was his handling of the crucial situation that culminated in King Edward’s surrender of the throne. That the empire withstood that supreme shock, without impairment either of the constitutional government system or of the crown’s integrity, was due in overwhelming degree to the forth- right statesmanship of Stanley Baldwin. His tactics did not escape criticism and may invite still more in future. But the emergence of Britain from those tragic days in all her pristine strength and glory is an unchallengeable fact that assures the departing leader imperishable renown as he “passes into the shades” and takes refuge in well-earned repose. —————— Income tax evasions by persons of wealth are to be studied by the Presi- dent of the United States of America. It is a large subject and worthy of a spot as advocated in the higher mathematics. Seeing and Believing. Seeing, it is said, is believing. The logic of the axiom is sound. People should have faith in what they can ap- praise with their eyes. But also, per- haps, it is possible to be reasonably con- fident about matters merely imagined. Emily Dickinson summed up the case for trust in the lines: I never saw a moor, I never saw the sea; Yet know I how the heather looks, And what a wave must be, I never spoke with God, Nor visited in heaven; Yet certain am I of the spot As if the chart were given. So thoughtful man as Dr. Alexis Car- rel, however, recently has declared: “I am interested only in what we can ob- serve. Spirituality is not in my line.” Such, of course, is the proper attitude for & scientist. It is the expected position. “Organized common sense” ought not to be adventurously romantic. It should concern itself principally ,with values which can be accurately assayed, mathe- matically measured. But instruments lacking today per- haps may be available tomorrow. The genius which has produced the mariner’s compass, the telescope, X-rays, teleg- raphy and wireless telephony should not be over-timid about the immortality of the human soul. Nothing else perishes; .’\‘ THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MAY 29, 1937. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. why, then, should there be any finality about death? As Benjamin Franklin snatched lightning from the sky, it may happen that another explorer of the €OSMos may grasp the answer to the riddle of the universe. The longing of mankind prepares the way for the dis- covery. Pecple want to survive. Their anxiety is a pheromenon which cannot be laughed off. It has motive and pur- pose as definite as any proven truth of geometry or physics. The law of gravi- tation itself is no more convincing than the law of the aspiration of millions of undiscouraged fellow-pilgrims on the earth: Believing, so regarded, is seeing in the very best meaning of the word. ] Halftone Inventor. Frederick Eugene Ives was not famous. Yet at the moment of his death it is only elemental justice that the debt of a pic- ture-minded race to his genius should be mentioned. He invented the half- tone process of engraving employed by The Star and countless other newspapers in the business of illustrating the cur- rent chronicle of human experience. Before Mr. Ives applied his creative intelligence to the problem, the press was handicapped in its work by the absence of a practical technique of graphic representation. True, occasional sketches were reproduced from incised wooden blocks and lead casts. Generally speaking, however, the average news- paper was a monotonous expanse of hand-set type. Pictures were necessarily few and far between. Mr. Ives opened a novel chapter in the history of journalism when, experiment- ing in the laboratory of Cornell Univer~ sity in 1878, he “successfully applied light to a prepared copper plate.” The process still is complicated, difficult to explain to a lay mind; but its operation dramatizes the news to the masses as nothing else could. It renders it possible to see events in the making. But Mr. Ives did not rest on his laurels following the issuance of his patents in 1881. He also devised the intaglio plates which presaged rotogravure, pioneered the field of color photography and per- fected the modern binocular microscope. “Little noticed by a world to which he had contributed so much,” he was active until the end in the service of his fel- lows. His final interest was in television, the next step for radio. ———. The miners called for the co-operatipn of business, professional and farming people of Gadsden, Ala., as friends and neighbors to assist in keeping from the bosom of the community out-of-work agi- tators who harass the workers at every opportunity. A few farmers with pitch- forks might be effectual in disturbances of this character. ——oe—s. Suffering from a cold and a resultant congestion in the head kept the Presi- dent in the White House. Best wishes will be extended to the men who find that what he had to deliver was more than a mere sneeze. —_——————— Production of a Ford “strike story” was undertaken with & persistence which finally got results that claimed attention from the boys who figure on a strike as a means of cutting off the pay roll. Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Sea Serpents. Sea serpents once haunted the wave And frightened the girls on the shore. But serpents no longer behave With the boldness they ventured of yore. But the bathing suits then were severe, Including hats, stockings and shoes. When the sea serpent calmly drew near Girls were sights which would merely amuse. The bathing suits now are designed On patterns that puzzle the eye, And courtesy is not inclined To measure just how much and why. The serpent in bashfulness turned And said, “I will put back to sea; In Eden some chance I discerned, But these Eves are too many for me.” Courting Investigation. “What do you think of a man who says he courts an investigation?” “He is on dangerous ground,” an- swered Senator Sorghum. “There is nothing more likely to cause embarrass- ment in connection with an investiga- tion than a courtship.” True to Form. “Men are very inconsistent.” “I don’t think so0,” answered Miss Cayenne. “Eve fed Adam a sour apple and men have been complaining about their meals ever since.” The “Cause” and the Effect. An orator won great applause When he was shouting for “the cause.” He turned, when the campaign was through, From politics to pastures new. The leadership he had advised Brought some results deemed 1l advised. He boomed “the cause.” But the effect He leaves in silence to neglect, Jud Tunkins says the power of money is shown by the way we all think a radio entertainer must be good because he gets such & large salary. “Gold,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “is & good friend, but it has a roving disposition.” g Wide Variation. The Bay of Fundy’s tide is high; Quite soon it will be very low. And that’s the way, none can deny, That public sentiment must go. “A plitical-minded man,” said Uncle Eben, “listens to both sides and tries to git on de inside instid o’ stayin’ on de N\ Hard Road for Veteran With Claim in Congress To the Editor of The Star: I read with interest the letter in The Star of May 20, 1937, by Mr. Mike Chet- kovich, on “Injustice .by Congress to Disabled War Veterans.”. If the powers that be in the War De- partment or in the Veterans’ Bureau turn thumbs down upon a disability claim, his only recourse as a rule is suit at law, or relief through an act of Con- gress. Unless one is able to employ & high-priced lawyer who will really fight the case, it is useless to enter suit. With the Regular Army, at any rate, unless a military court has exceeded its jurisdic- tion, the civil courts have no power to review its proceedings, and as a rule Army officials are slick enough to make their deals look so good on the surface that they can win out on some techni- cality, without the merits of such a case ever being placed before the court. The same applies to Veterans’ Bureau rulings. ‘When it comes to relief by Congress, the going is even tougher for the veterar. First he must have a member of Con- gress sufficiently interested to introduce a bill for his relief. Usually then tne War Department or the Veterans’ Bu- reau counters with an adverse report which is a work of art in making things seem as they are not in fact. It is tough work for the veteran to convince a com- mittee that truth is on his side in face of these slick adverse reports. Usually he never even gets a hearing in face «f such an adverse departmental report. If he does, one adverse member of a military committee can kill his bill. Sup- pose he gets out of committee with a favorable report and on the calendar. Any member can object when the bill comes up for vote, and he can continue to object every time such a bill comes up for vote until the Congress is ended. You pass one house; then you have to go through the same mill in the other. You pass both houses and your bill goes to the White House. The chances are a thousand to one the President receives a cunningly written whitewash report from the department; he never sees the committee report, and unless you have overwhelming political support to go to the White House and put up a real fight, you receive the veto ax and all your hard work is for naught. If you are a glutton for punishment you may persuade your Congressman to introduce & new bill for your relief, and the chances are overwhelming that the committee will pigeonhole it; what is tae use of taking up time with & hili doomed to veto even if it passes? I speak from much experience. Eight military committees of Congress are unanimous in their verdict that I am the victim of an unjust and illegal dis- charge as an officer of the Army, when in law and in fact I should be in line o! duty retired. % In 1922 Congress enacted a mandatory law ordering my restoration to the Army as of date of illegal discharge, May 5, 1917, and this was signed and approved by President Harding over War Depart- ment veto efforts. Nevertheless, in face of judge advocate general and Supreme Court decisions that all such laws are absolutely manda- tory, the War Department made the specious plea that the same was *not mandatory” and refused to obey the law. I am still on the outside looking in, and will continue so to be until I become affluent enough to fight the case to a finish before the Supreme Court. So I sadly say to Mr. Chetkovich and to all other disabled war veterans whose cases have merit, and who may feel Con- gress ought to afford them relief: Try your luck if you will, but he not discour- aged if the road is long and hard with perchance an unjust and unwarranted veto ax at the end of the road. I know how members of Congress feel about it. They are squareshooters and they want to accord justice to their fellow citizens, but they feel it wastes time and energy to enact relief legislation for war veter- ans just to feed the veto hopper, whea our President would rather favor moic funds for say the C. C. C. than ke would for disabled war veterans who went through hell and then some on the bat- tlefields of France. J. B. H. WARING, M. D.. United States Army, Retired. Wilmington, Ohio. —tte—s. Empty Bottles a Danger On Streets and Roads To the Editor of The Star: There is a deplorable and dangerous practice, very vital to the public health and safety, which should be called to the attention of those public officials with authority to remedy it. I have in mind the throwing of empty liquor bottles on the sidewalks of the suburbs of Wash- ington. Out on Conduit road one can find the sidewalks literally covered with broken glass every few feet. Broken glass is very dangerous to pedestrians wearing shoes, not to mention small barefooted children and dogs. In the streets it punctures automobile tires, too. It would be practically impossible for law enforce- ment officers to catch those who, leav- ing the city late at night, throw their empty bottles against the sidewalks. Some other remedy is needed. Perhaps some agreement could be worked out with the Distilling Institute for co-operation among its members toward using unbreakable glass or some other material entirely. Certainly, with or without legislation on this problem, something should be done about 1it. Glass will lie in the earth for years with- out deteriorating and remains a constant danger. It would seem that this problem could be controlled under the health laws. I have noticed that it is a problem for the suburbs of larger cities and the small cities quite generally. Surely something can be done about it. MRS. ANNE MAHONEY CROWELL. Counts 107 to 1 Against Local Daylight Saving To the Editor of The Star: ‘Why can’t Representative Sacks play fair in this daylight saving time ques- tion? It is stated he had “questioned” merchants, clerks, office workers, taxi drivers, etc.,, and each and every one of them voted “yes” on the question. I personally went through 78 different offices downtown, including clerks. other office workers, telephone operators, school teachers, garage workers, house- wives, students. I got the opinion of 108 altogether, and you can believe me or not, but only one person among this number was in favor of daylight saving time. His reason was that he was taking horseback riding lessons and the extra hour would give him more time to ride! Personally, I believe Representive Sacks is not playing fair at all. He could never make me believe the ma- Jority is in favor of daylight saving time. I personally have proof that the majouity is not in favor of it. CONRAD LYNNWOOD. Highway Conflict. From the Omaha World-Herald. Motorists recently found a davenport and chair on s highway. Evidently there had been a bit of & family spat in & 1 The chickadee, small favorite of bird watchers everywhere, becomes a very brave fellow at this time of year. ‘Whereas in the Winter he often flies away from feeding stations at the slight- est sound from the house, at this season he becomes very chummy. Intent on getting a few seeds, he wiil remain within a foot or two of any on: who comes along. Even the presence of a cat, smugly enjoying the sun in a rustic chair, scares him not at this season. This is welcome action, indeed, f.r no bird is more welcome than the chicka- dee, whose very name is charming. It is a name which requires pronounc- ing to make it stand forth in all its peculiar beauty. Then it becomes one of the best of all bird names. Consider “thrush,” now. Not a pretty name, by any standard, yet the bird itself is one of the finest to come to the sub- urban garden. “Chickadee,” however, has sometning to it which sets it apart. It is a whele- some thing that the bird itself is one of the finest of all the smaller songsters, and more than lives up to its name. * ok % % That bright blue bird, of an unusual hue, is likely to be the indigo bunting. Several reports of this creature have come to this desk recently. Usually the male, which is the bright one, remains only a short time. Th> fe- male, very dull in color, looks for all the world like an average sparrow, and would so be named by 999 observers out of a thousand. There is little danger of any one mis- taking the male, however, for any other bird. ‘The famous bluebird is part dark red- dish-orange on the breast, but the indigo bird, as it is sometimes called, is a pecu- liar hue of electric blue, almost exactly resembling that blue paper used to wrap around absorbent cotton. Indeed, some observers, seeing this bird for the first time, have believed that the trash man had dropped a piece of such paper in his rounds. ‘When the “paper” begins to move, they see at once that something alive and novel is in the yard. * kK X Another old standby is the pewee, whose plaintive notes sound now and then in the distance. This is one of the best of the smaller songsters. Its song is like nothing else in bird land, and once heard and urder- stood is never forgotten. The bird belongs to the smaller classi- fication, as does the Maryland yellow- throat, a mite of a warbler sometimes seen running rapidly through the branches of shrubbery. Occasionally this bird is mistaken for the goldfinch, of which our garden has had none this year, although several reports of flocks of them have come in. The goldfinch, or wild canary, as it is sometimes called, likes to eat weed seeds. There is no prettier sight than one of these dainty fellows, balanced on the head of a dandelion, scarcely making it sway. The yellow-throat seldom eats in that manner. Usually the observer sees ro more of it than a glance of yellow, ard occasionally a bright eye peering from the bushes. * Xk % ‘Three peirs of birds are nesting in the yard at this time, robins, Baltimore ori- oles and flickers. The robin nest is in the midst of a glant mock-orange bush. There the mother robin sits securely, even when the lawn mower comes within a few feet. At such times she uses the immemorizl strategy of the animal kingdom. She keeps still. Though her head and bill plainly show above the nest, she pretends that no one can see her at all. In this little strategem she is aided and abetted by those who see her, su that as far as she knows to the contrary it works perfectly. * * ok % K The flickers have their nest in the tall stump of an old locust. Whether they are the same pair which made and first occupied the nest is not known; all that is certain is that flickers are there still. The nest was pecked out of the wood in a very neat way, the entrance hole being rather large, but small in com- parison with the bird, so that its en- trance always seems surprising. This is true of almost all houses aised by nesting birds. The entrance way scarcely strikes the observer as large enough. The bird, however, knows ex- actly how to fold its feathers so that it fits in without strain or fuss. *x ¥ k x Storms of that week end seemed at first to have driven the pair oi crioles away. The nest, fixed at the very tip of a long branch extending out over the yard, was still there, but the birds were no- where to be seen. It was Wednesday morning before they were heard in the garden again, but then the flash of the male’'s golden breast was in the leaves, and the female could be made out on the nest. This was a happy thing, this s-eing the two orioles again, for fine birds they are, anyway one happens to look at them. * K kX Faithful to the feeding station remain two doves and the score or more English sparrows. The chickadee mixes familiarly with the sparrows, which are scattered now and then by the rush of a squirrel. No sooner has the rodent staited to eat than the sparrows fly back again. They are not afraid of him, exactly, but believe in giving him plenty of room. Three or four cardinals add color to the scene, with now and then a bluejay. No yard can be colorless which has these birds in it. The jays pay mor= attention to the seeds and grain at .nis season than the cardinals, but later in the year the redbirds will bring their babies to the station to learn how to feed from the bounty of man. ‘Wood thrushes are seen in the yard at various times of the day. Their beauti- ful songs are heard mostly in the early morning and at dusk, their favorite sing- ing times. Now baby robins, larger than their parents, present many spots on ftheir breasts to show beyond doubt their rela- tion to the thrushes. STARS, MEN AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. The “ancient history” of Kansas will be investigated this Summer by a Smith- sonian Institution archeologist. R An archeological reconnaissance is to be conducted under the leadership of Dr. ‘Waldo R. Wedel of the Smithsonian staff. TIts object will be to get a clearer picture of the various elements which entered into the widespread horticultural cul- ture which persisted in the Plains States very nearly to the time when the first Spanish explorers penetrated the country. ‘Through the greater part of its his- tory Kansas has been a “farming State.” The “Wild West” was but a passing epi- sode. Evidence that sedentary, peace- loving farmers preceded the war-like, bison-hunting tribes in this part of the country first was uncovered a few years ago by the researches of Dr. Duncan Strong of the Bureau of American Eth- nology in Nebraska. There is every rea- son to believe that Kansas will present a similar picture, but with local varia- tions which may provide missing links. Dr. Wedel will start his work at a site of exceptional interest a few miles from Kansas City. Here there have been found recently pottery of the typical “Hopewell” type. The “Hopewell” was the highest manifestation of the superior primitive culture of the long-mysterious Mound Builders, whose great structures throughout the Middle West once were among the most discussed wonders of the New World. Recent discoveries have shown this Mound Builder pattern extending all along the Gulf Coast and up the Missis- sippi Valley—probably the route along which it progressed. But no evidences of it hitherto have been found so far ‘West as Kansas City. There is a possi= bility that it will be found to tie in with the old plains agriculture uncovered by Dr. Strong and to form a link between this and the farming culture of the great Muskogean area along the Gulf. There also is a possibility that this Western Hopewell extension may be found to fit into some archeological chronology which will make possible a more definite dating of the days of the Mound Builders. At present this is largely problematical. Dr. Wedel will look out especially for the remains of & “Mound Builder” house. ‘The great mounds, it must be kept in mind, were not dwelling &ites, but burial places and religious centers. .Their builders may, or may not, have lived in the immediate neighborhood. Thus far their type of habitation is almost a com- plete mystery, although a few possible house sites have been uncovered. The site near Kansas City was purely a dwell- ing place. There is no mound in the immediate neighborhood. Later it is planned to explore the drainage areas of the Kansas, Arkansas and Neosho Rivers in a search for In- dian habitation sites. Indian migrations, like those of the white men who suc- ceeded them, tended to follow river courses. An inviting possibility, Dr. Wedel points out, is to trace back the history of the Kansas tribe of Indians who occupied much of the territory at the time of the first white explorations. Three sites of this tribe have been lo- cated—one occupied in 1800, one in 1700 and one probably at an earlier date. The Kansas tribe belonged to the great Siouan stock, who presumably swept into the West from the East shortly before the coming of the white men and gave a death blow to the settled farming culture. There is & possibility that the Kansas sites may make .1t possible to meth!mmkmmeuoflnn:. dfi Many years ago there were foun Kansas projectile points associated with the remains of extinct bison. The points were roughly similar in design to the “Folsom points,” earliest known human artifacts in North America, which in the past few years have become focal objects in all discussions of the remotest days of human history on this continent. At the time these were found their sig- nificance was not appreciated and until recently archeologists were inclined to consider the association due to conci- dence. Now it is believed entirely possible that the ancient Folsom hunters may have trailed the bison herds over the Kansas plains as long ago as the closing of the last ice age. Dr. Wedel and his associates will keep a close watch for any Folsom-like points in the present reconnaissance. Dr. Wedel expects to spend about three months digging at various sites with a crew of five or six. The country is largely unexplored archeologically—as was Ne- braska before the researches of Dr. Strong. The clues uncovered, it is likely, will lead to further excavations in the future. Washington Does Not Want “Daylight” Time To the Editor of The Star: ‘Why must the District of Columbia always be treated as an orphan child by all the politicians who are fortunate enough to land a job on Capitol Hill? It seems that every Congressman has a pet hobby all his own and in order that he may obtain front-page publicity, he works on the poor old D. C. and does his best to inflict upon us some pet scheme which nobody wants and can get along much better without. Now here comes a men from my own home town of Philadelphia, which I left January 19,-1920, with a big cry for day- light saving time, which is very unpop- ular in his own city, that is compelled to accept it by law, and not by personal desire or request. This gentleman, evidently, was not in ‘Washington when we went off of day- light saving for what me trusted was the last time. Now what? Must we have that old bugaboo thrown back at us when only a few golf players want it? The labor unions of the District are 102,000 strong against changing our time, and three or four citizens’ associations have gone on record as opposing it, according to accounts published in The Star. There is no need or emergency existing today, nor are we conserving coal and electricity or gas as a war measure. Now, I say if the gentleman has real ‘ambitions to aid our beautiful city, let him roll up his sleeves and busy himself with reducing our taxes, and getting his Congress to give us the vote we need so badly, and forget the daylight saving bill, which we don’t need and don’t want. He probably does not know Washing- ton’s Summer heat, or he would not try to force us to bed an hour earlier in the evening while the air is still hot, and drag us out of bed an hour earlier in the coolest part of the day when we could get our best rest. Cannot somebody urge the gentleman to play “hands off” with our time, and devote his efforts to something of real advantage to voteless D. C.? LEVERETT B. D'ORSAY. Stretching. Prom the Ohicago Tribune. Problem: How to keep an elastic cur- rency from becoming a stretch of the imagination. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS —_— BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Are there any daily newspapers in the United States without pegiewrial pages?—P. 8. A. There are several, the most, impore tant of which is the Reading (Pa.) Eagle. In 1884 Jesse Hawley, the founder of the paper, discontinued the use of editorials because he decided that his readers were more interested in news than views, va. HRow long has bock beer been made? A. Bock beer was made at Einbeck, near Hamburg, Germany, between 1203 and 1256. It became so popular that it was shipped throughout Germany and exported to London, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Russia and even to Asia Minor and to Jerusalem, Q. What President was the first to exe ercise his authority as commander in chief on the fleld of battle?—H. R. A. President Madison. During the Battle of Bladensburg, August 24, 1814, Commodore Barmey, commanding the American forces, was shot from his horse, President Madison assumed activz com= mand. Q. What organization presented the medal to Maurice Evans for his pore trayal of Richard II?—R. D. N. A. The Drama League of New York presented the Delia Austrian Medal to the actor for the most distinguished theatrical performance of the 1937-8 sea= son. Q. Please give some information about Chicago’s celebration of her 100th anni- versary.—K. L. A. The program, arranged by the . Charter Jubilee Committee, will begin on June 9 with a five-day horse show at Soldier Field. On July 17 the centennial auto classic, a 300-mile race, witl prizes totaling $25,000 will be staged along the lake front. In August the carnival of the lakes will be presented as well as tie farm festival, military tournament and firefighting tournament. The national barn dance and farm youth fair will be two of the main attractions. The Brad- dock-Louis boxing match will take place on June 22 at White Sox Park. Early in September an elaborate pageant of re- ligion will be given at Soldier Field. Q. For whom was the zinnia named?— D.H. L. A. It was named for J. G. Zinn, 1727- 1759. He was professor of medicine at Gottingen. Q. Who wore the first silk stocking:? —C. W. A. Henry II is said to have worn the first silk hose in 1559. Q. What is the origin of the Dalma- tian or coach dog?—W. H. A. The origin of the dog is obscure, but it probably came from Italy, not Dalmatia. It was known in England in the seventeenth century and in Crom- well's time a picture of a Dalmatian dog symbolized the Church of Rome. Q. What is the scientific name for a blackhead?—W. H. A. It is comedo. Q. How many musicians are there in Paul Whiteman's Orchestra?>—R. U. M A. There are twenty-two regular men besides Mr. Whiteman in Paul White- man’s Orchestra, and four singers. Q. Is hickory used in smoking the Westphalian hams in Germany and other parts of Europe?—W. B. H. 'A. The Westphalian hams of Germany are. smoked with juniper brush. Birch- wood also is used in Northern Europe. Q. How did Admiral Nelson lose the sight of one eye?—B. M. A. He lost his right eye during the battle of Calvi; not long afterward, in an assault on Santa Cruz, he received a wound which made the amputation of his right arm necessary. Q. Why is the name, weakfish, applied to this fish?—A. K. A. Tt is so called on account of its tender mouth. Q. How long has it been necessary for immigrants to pass a literacy test?— W.R. A. In 1917 Congress passed & law im- posing a literacy test on all immigrants. . Q. When did the names, Whigs and Tories, come into use in England?—W. L 8 A. About 1680. In general, the Tories were reactionaries, while the Whigs fa- vored reform in the direction of a mo: democratic government. Q. What is jasper ware?>—E. L. A. It is a kind of Wedgwood pottery in green, blue, lilac and other colors, with characteristic Greek reliefs and designs. Q. Where will I find the quetation to the effect that “it's better never to have been born than to read to doubt, or read to scorn”?—C. W. A. It % from “The Monastery,” by Sir ‘Walter Scott. The correct citation is “And better had they ne'er been born, ‘Who read to doubt, or read to scorn.” Modern Manners. ‘This is a 32-page summary of the rules of proper conduct. Ideal for the busy man and woman who want facts about good manners. Arranged in chapters, this booklet gives the essentials of useful, practical, daily needful knowledge about what to say and do on various occasions. Chapters on all phases of etiquette, from christenings to funerals. This booklet will save many embarrassments and solve many problems. Our Washington Infor= mation Bureau will supply any reader at a handling and postage charge of 10 cents a copy. Use this order blank and mail: The Evening Star Information Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, Director, ‘Washington, D. C. I inclose herewith TEN CENTS in coin (carefully wrapped) for a copy of of the booklet on MODERN NERS.