Evening Star Newspaper, April 11, 1937, Page 3

MOTORISTS FEAR DIVERSION OF TAX A. A. A. Official Cites Chief Reason for Opposing In- crease in Levies. BY WASHINGTON I. CLEVELAND, Manager A. A. A. District of Columbia Motor Club. One of the greatest objections on the part of Washington car owners to the proposals to increase motor vehicle and gasoline taxes, is the fact that such increases will lead directly to diversion of special motor tax revenue to purposes other than street improve- ment and traffic administration. Car owners always have been will- ing to pay their own way and, more= over, have been willing to pay reason- able property taxes on the automobile Just as they would on a piano or other personal property. However, they are not and never will be satisfied with a system of taxa- tion that requires them to pay more than their fair share of general gov- ernment costs. ‘The practice of diverting motor vehicle revenue to non-highway purposes is universally recognized as a means of subjecting motorists to double taxation, and even Congress itself has unanimously declared diversion to be “unfair and unjust.” Lack Ballot Here. At the same time that voteless Washingtonians are facing this diver- sion threat, organized motorists throughout the country are using the ballot to stop this evil practice once and for all. In at least 20 States, Tesults have already been seen in the presentation of bills to Legislatures calling for amendment of the State constitution or other appropriate leg- islative action to confine expenditures of motor tax money to State and high- way purposes alone ‘The most amazing aspect of the situation is that Congress is proposing to increase and divert motor vehicle taxes in the District of Columbia, while, at the same time, it has ordered that every penalty be applied against States which are guilty of diversion. Under the Hayden-Cartwright Fed- eral-aid act, States which add new diversions by legislative action are subject to the withholding of one- third of their Federal-aid apportion- ment Complete the Paradox. To complete the paradox, Congress s now considering legislation which would grant Federal aid to the Dis- trict of Columbia and, at the same time, proposing a tax system which, under the law, would result in a one-third reduction of that appor- tionment If State and highway needs call for more taxes, there should be no particular objection. If the tax rate is raised on general per- sonal property, there is no reason why the property tax on the auto- mobile should not be increased to a like extent But to use the automobile as a means of gouging from Washington motorists a disapportioned share to the general cost of Government is thoroughly indefensible, unwarranted and unjust. An increase in the gasoline tax as | Tnow proposed is not necessary in order | to meet normal District street and | highway requirements. If the tax should be doubled, it would encourage extravagance in street and highway expenditures and also would more than likely build up an excess reserve, which could, and most likely would, be dipped into for any and all rev- enue purposes. Already there has begun to be a breakdown in the pro- vision of the gasoline tax laws in the District, which provide that gaso- line tax revenue shall be spent only for street and highway purposes Under the appropriati BOSTOK BULL. brindl ite. District No. 420K, vi ue’ st. pat w. Libi ke, 1 Son Beulah J. Dral 5438 DOG, male, Schnauz. black and Y. choker American versity _Call Cleveland 1427 DOG. black and “white, male, half spitz fnd pekingese. Md. tag. Reward for Dm- ..vo‘r".'rtllmn leading to b return. Wisconsin Reward. 35 DOG—White Eskimo spitz. male, has one ear dropped. no collar; answers to name of Bootz; siraved away Tucsday night. Ree .__Ridge 41 or Jackson 1859- ISH BULL, brindle, vicinity Oakcrest, nder call Jackson 1905. ey tk brindle toy Boston bull, . 12 Ioe., 15 mos.: 4 white feet, white swers 'to name_“Sparky.” Li reward. Call Mr. Barlow Eroud;e;gl! Apts.. or Hotel Inn. 610 9th st. n.w NECKLACE. gold. antique, bet, Hospital and 14th and Pk. rd R@er(‘.m‘,\iws Harvey, war: Mt Alto on April 8, Hampton Courts, Tows rubies, 2 rows diamonds, Ambassador ladies rest vard. 1612 Buchanan st n.w. Cojogiad " 0" TRUCK TIRE AND RIM— Firestone.” 7.00x19; ‘vicinity Georgetown, West End Laundry, 1723 Pa. ave. n.w. WIRE-HAIR FOX TERRIER. 6 months, white with black f . vard. g!”“Emnr\Bn"‘”‘“ ace and tail. Reward. WRIST WATCH, lady's. diamond 1 Where on F st. n.w evenings Walnut ZIPPER KEY CA! ing keys &n leather. contain- d_some money. North 5000-d LOST! On Thursday. April 8, about 2 pm.. in vicinity of 22nd and P sts. n.w.. large, gentle police dog: tan. with black mark- ings. vellow eves. ~Answers to name of #NIp.”Reward if returned fo Dr. Col- 3 st. or Miss Aminta 30 P n.w Greenwich (near = Warrenton), SPECIAL NOTICES. WE ARE PLEASED TG ANNOUNCE_TO our many friends and customers we have moved to our new building, where we will able to serve you in a bigcer and better ASSOCL TN, e Y. ave. n." Fhone DAILY TRIPS MOVING LOADS AND PART loads to and from Balto, Phila. and New York ~ Freauent trips to other Eastern ¢ities. “Dependable Service Since 1896 THE DAVIDSON TRANSFER & STORAGE CO__Phone Decatur 2500. 5 G, SPECIAL! 1906 Charles Evans Hughes as a candi- date for Governor of New York. line tax money would be spent for assessment and permit work, construc- tion and repair of sidewalks and curbs around public reservations and muni- cipal and Federal buildings, for trees and parkings, for personal services of the Department of Vehicle and Traf- fic, for the purchase of motor vehicle number plates and so on and so on. The intent of Congress to earmark gasoline tax money for road use is certainly not being carried out when these funds are spent for such things as tree boxes, tree straps and tree labels. That Washingtonians are thorough- ly opposed to a gasoline tax increase at the present time was clearly in- dicated in a recent balloting on the subject in which 25,000 Washington residents, including those who own cars and those who do not, voted against any motor vehicle tax in- crease at the overwhelming majority of 95 per cent. I;kes (Continued From First Page.) only three weeks ago. The welfare of 130,000,000 people, it seems, is the moral equivalent of & fox hunt. “If the coal miners don't like the destruction of the Guffey coal act, if the railway workers don't like the de- struction of their pension act, if the farmers don't like the destruction of the A. A. A—then, a plague on the cheesy beggars, they are one and all Ppoor sportsmen.” The Secretary said opponents of President Roosevelt were trying to “maintain in power a majority of Supreme Court justices who will nul- lify” last Fall's election. “But from the battle of last Novem- ber the enemy has learned a lesson,” | Ickes added. “Even John Hamilton now knows that a front line of Hoovers and Smiths and Du Ponts, of Liberty Leagues and American Bar Associations will make the people reach for bigger bricks. So this time Mr. Hamilton’s front line consists of deserter-decoys from the Roosevelt ranks—reactionary geographical Dem- ocrats frightened by November’s proof of the real democracy of America, piqued professional liberals who would rather have no reform than one for which some one else might get the credit.” Helpful Judges Needed. Urging his auditors to “stand behind President Roosevelt,” he asserted: “We want men on the Supreme Court who will help us make democ- racy function and avoid the alterna- tive of either fascism or communism.” From the same platform, Senator Alben Barkley, Democrat, of Kentucky said that because the court has come | | beyond its proper sphere of declaring the law into the sphere of adjudicat- {ing the folly or wisdom of economic legislation we are lagging at least a quarter century behind our times and behind imperative needs in legislation to guard the health and happiness of men and women. “Our wage standards are in many instances shockingly low,” he added. “The hourly work week in many industries is beyond the maximum of human endurance.” The Senator predicted that “under the wise leadership of the President and with the determined support and approval of the people,” the court reorganization plan “will become the new economic bill of rights of the toiling masses.” AIRMEN TO GRADUATE Graduation from the Army Com- mand and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kans., of 19 Air Corps officers will be followed by as- signment of Capt. Alden R. Craw- ford to Bolling Field. Capt. Elwood R. Quesada, native of the District of Columbia, will go from the school to duty at Mitchel Field, N. Y. Lieut. Col. William E. Kepner, who Was in command of the National Geo- graphic Society - Army Air stratosphere balloon, Explorer I; Lieut. Col. Harold M. McClelland, & member of the famous Alaskan flight party of two years ago, and Maj. Westside T. Larson, navigation officer on the Alas- kan flight, all have been assigned to duty at Langley Field, Va., upon grad- uation, ——— e CanSLHOLSTERING, T ushions rebuilt replace springs. $1.30 each. Set of 5 $575. On premises or _11° at shop.North 22 5 DAGUERREOTYPES, TERMITES As associate justice of the THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., APRIL 11, 1937—PART ONE. 1910 - As Supreme Court. In Greatest 1916 a presidential candidate. —A. P.and Harris-Ewing Photos. Hughes, 75 Today, Sees Court Crisis Since ’61 Chief Justice’s Ac BY JOHN H. CLINE. Charles Evans Hughes, whose name may go down in history as one of the two greatest American Chief Justices, is 75 years old today. His birthday anniversary, for which he has made “no plans,” comes in the midst of the greatest constitutional crisis since the Civil War—a struggie from which the Supreme Court will emerge shorn of its rich traditions or fortified more firmly behind the it derives its strength. Not since the days of John Marshall has a Chief Justice been cast in a role with such potentialities for good or evil—both for himseif and the court as an institution. Marshall’s Gamble Gave Strength. The court was young and its future dark 135 years ago when Marshall, riding circuit in a horse and buggy, decided to take the gamble of asserting the court’s right to declare an act of Congress void. That decision and the outstanding ability of its maker gave the court strength which the buffeting of politics and war could not destroy. ‘Today, the present Chief Justice, whose ability is as marked as that of Marshall, finds himself in a position where the wisdom of his course and the decisive factors in determining whether the tribunal shall retain its hard-won independence or become an impotent appendage of political ma- jorities. ‘The force of judicial tradition is so strong that the Chief Justice, even in the gravest crisis, cannot openly enter the political arena in defense of the court, but behind the scenes, in the shaping of policy and the wording of decisions, he can exert a powerful in- fluence in molding public opinion for or against the present effort to re- organize the tribunal. Ranks High as Jurist. Should the President’s plan to add six new justices to the court succeed despite the efforts of Mr. Hughes and it, high on the list of American jurists and statesmen; in all probability he would be known as the last Chief Jus- tice of a Supreme Court that was truly independent of the other branches of Government. On the other hand, if he can make some move that will result in a vic- tory for those fighting the President, he will be remembered as the man who preserved what Marshall won—a strong and independent judicial sanc- tuary for minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution. It is characteristic of Chief Justice Hughes that throughout the howling storm of charges and counter-charges he has maintained the dignity and serenity that has marked his bearing during his public life. Poise Has Been a Paradox. His dignified poise has been a para- dox of politics in this country for the past 30 years. It has resulted in all - 14th and R Sts. N.W. LEE D. bulwark of public respect from which | the strength of his character may be | his congressional supporters to defeat | the Chief Justice will still rank| tions in Next Few Weeks May Decide Fate of Tribunal, Facing Supreme Struggle. manner of characterizations from “thinking machine” to “iceberg.” Yet about the calm, reserved figure of Mr. Hughes have revolved political storms of tornadic force and he has aroused political passions to an extent that ““magnetic” personalities of the James G. Blaine and Theodore Roosevelt type might envy. The sources of his controlled men- tality are found in his family back- ground and early training. Like Wil- son, Mr. Hughes was a minister’s son and was pointed for the pulpit him- self as a child. Childish precocity is often disap- pointing in later life, but Hughes, who could read when he was 4 and had gone through Shakespeare when 8, developed his early bent for intensive reading and study as he grew older, learning to apply it to the practical problems of life. At 22 he held a bachelor’s degree and a master's de- gree from Brown University and a degree in law from Columbia. In that same year he was admitted to the bar but a fellowship at Columbia permitted him to devote three more years to graduate legal study. Began Practice in 1887. He began the serious practice of law in 1887 in the firm of Chamber- lain, Carter and Hornblower. A year later he married Antionette Carter, daughter of Arthur 8. Carter, senior member of the firm. Soon establishing himself as an out- standing lawyer, Mr. Hughes first at- tracted public notice by his handling of an investigation of gas and elec- tric rates in New York City. By his ability to wade through a mass of bewildering details to the heart of a problem and his marked skill in cross- examination, he won a brilliant vic- tory and secured lower rates for the city. Later that year he was named counsel for the Armstrong Commis- sion, conducted a sensational investi- gation of some of the larger insur- ance companies and unearthed facts which resulted in lasting reforms. ‘While he was questioning the presi- dent of one of the companies, that surprised official remarked: “Why, Mr. Hughes, you know more | about my company than I do.” Beat Hearst for Governor. In the Fall of 1906—the heyday of muckraking and trust-busting—he ran against Willlam Randolph Hearst for Governor of New York and was elected, the only Republican on the State ticket to win. He served two terms at Albany, securing from 8 hostile Legislature enactment of laws regulating public utilities and improving the position of labor. In the fight over the public utility laws he carried the battle directly to the people, his first experience in the po- tency of mass opinion. His two terms did not pass without trouble. He vetoed a law fixing a rate of 2 cents a mile on railways, causing a furious protest. Again, when he secured legislation banning race track gambling he was de- 5 Reasons Why Willys Sales Are Zooming 1. 40,000 miles on set of tires. 2. Lowest taxes & insurance. 3. Lowest down and monthly payments. 35 miles on a gallon of gas. Only 4 gts. of oil per change. 4. 5. WILLYS -WASHINGTON, Inc. DISTRIBUTORS BUTLER, President DE. 2616 1921 As Secretary of State with the late Arthur Balfour at the Washington Arms Conference. nounced as a bloodless reformer with no concern for the sporting instincts of the masses, a “Baptist Savona- rola,” in fact. Mr. Hughes was seriously consid- ered as Republican candidate for the presidency in 1908, and in 1910 he was named to the Supreme Court bench by President Taft. He voted with the liberal minority on pure food and drug legislation, as well as on an important case on the right of a State Legislature to penalize em- ployers for forcing employes to sign “yellow dog” contracts—agreements | not to join a union. Avoided Party Strife. As a member of the high bench he was not drawn into the fight between ‘Theodore Roosevelt and President Taft that wrecked the Republicans in 1912, This proved an asset four years later when the issue of American par- ticipation in the World War resulted in a fusion betwen stand-pat and progressive Republicans. Mr. Hughes, who had no embarrassing ties in either camp, resigned from the court and entered the race. It was almost generally conceded on the night of November 7, 1916, that Mr. Hughes was to be the next Presi- dent. Certainly, both Mr. Hughes and President Wilson thought s0 when they retired that evening. After the returns from California |had come in and it was learned | Hughes had been beaten, many of his friends attributed the fact to his fail- ure to meet Hiram Johnson, the Re- publican Progressive, when he was campaigning in Johnson's State. The better evidence seems to indicate, how- | ever, that the fallure of the two to meet was not deliberate on Hughes’ part, Named Secretary of State. Mr. Hughes became Secretary of State when President Harding took office in 1921. His outstanding achievement in that office was his domination of the Washington Arms Conference. By | that bold step, he regained American | diplomatic prestige which had been | badly damaged by the rejection of | Wilson's treaty, and secured agree- | ments banning construction of capital ships for 10 years, recognition of the parity of the American and British navies, abrogation of the British- Japanese alllance and the stabiliza- tion to some extent of Far Eastern High Lights in Career of a Distinguished American Who Is 75 Today 1930 Justice. proachability died hard, however, de- spite the earnest efforts of many journalists to counteract it. Many men in the Senate hardly knew him and this was evidenced when Presi- dent Hoover nominated him as Chief Justice in 1930. On the face of things it was an eminently sensible nomination, but his private career as a corporation lawyer made him suspect to certain Senators. However, he was confirmed after a sharp fight and his distin- guished career at the head of the many of the men who opposed his nomination. As Senator Connally of Texas recently remarked: “I opposed Mr. Hughes’ nomination because I was suspicious of his con- nection with big corporations. But now I think he is a great judge.” ‘What history will say remains to be seen, but it is at least certain that the Chief Justice will do nothing to impair the brilliance of a distinguish- ed career. | ———— At time of his ap- pointment as Chief | Wednesday in the Commerce Audi- Nation's highest court has won over | 1937 One of his portraits, made month. latest last SCENES FROM NORWAY Colored Slides to Be Shown at Commerce Auditorium. The cliffs and fjords of Norway will be shown on colored slides at 8 p.m. torium, Department of Commerce, in an illustrated lecture by Miss Gladys M. Petch, under the auspices of the National Parks Service. Miss Petch, an Englishwoman, lived for many years in Norway. She was | the first woman to speak across the | Atlantic by radio. In Norway she lec- A—3 YALE PHYSIOLOGIST TOWN HALL SPEAKER Dr. Howard W. Haggard to Talk at Final Session Tonight. Medical Progress Topic. Dr. Howard W. Haggard, associate professor of applied physiology at Yale University, will be principal speaker before the Town Hall of ‘Washington tonight at the final meete ing of its third season. The session will be held at the Shoreham Hotel at 8 o'clock. Dr. Haggard will discuss “Recent Advances in Medicine and Their Significance.” Members of the panel will be Dr. Thomas A. Groover, former president of the District Medical Society; Dr. Daniel L. Borden, professor of sur- gery at George Washington University, and Dr. George C. Ruhland, District health officer. Dr. Haggard originally was sched- uled to address the Town Hall Febru= ary 28, but gave way at that time to permit a debate between Senator Black and Representative Brewster on the President's Supreme Court re= organization proposals. 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