Evening Star Newspaper, November 15, 1936, Page 40

D2 - THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. November 15, 1936 THEODORE W. NOYES....... e e The Evening Star Newspaper Company. a':'::' ¥ "'Le:‘ Coke ffi"l‘..""?f”fi-&a. Burcomes Omoe. T4 Hakeat St Landon. England. Rate by Carrier Within the Olty. 45¢ per month TET J L DR BT S e i ol o Wight Final Editien. izht Pinsl and Sunday Star. TR i t by mail er Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryl Biily iy’ Sinday and Virginia. yr. mo., SM I = e ”. mo. 40c AR Other States and Camata. Daily ‘o‘}.‘ly..-_"_* fl- ‘u% i =:.“l‘lle Sunday onl¥o—uece.l Fr. $5.00; 1 mo. 80c Member of the Assoclated Press. ‘The Agsociated Press is exclusively entitled to the e Tor republication of al news dispaiches gredited to 1t or not otherwise ciedited {n this aper and also the local news publisned herein; 1l Tights of publication of special dispatches erein are also reserved. Abattoirs and Zoning, The case of the abattoir having been brought into court by the petitioner, the Commissioners can take no other ap- propriate action at this time than to leave it there. But it is encouraging to those working for preservation of Wash- ington as a beautiful Capital to find that the Commissioners and the Federal agencies concerned with Capital City de- velopment are planning to fight issuance of a permit for such an establishment as long as legal methods are available to them. Objections lodged against the abattolr indicate plainly enough that its location would be prejudicial-to the best interests not only of the adjacent area, but to the present and future plans for Capital development. Development of the city now has reached a stage that makes location of such an establishment anywhere in the District subject to strong and sus- tained attack. Unlike other cities of the country, the Federal City’s boundaries are fixed by the Constitution itself and cannot be expanded at will to take in adjacent territory, either for the pur- poses of increasing the taxable resources or for establishing areas for industrial development of a type that should be segregated and set apart from residen- tial communities. There is no part of the city now that is not included in future plans for beautification of Wash- ington as a National Capital, and it is unthinkable that commercial enterprise of an objectionable nature should be per- mitted to endanger such future plans or to place in jeopardy the substantial expenditures already made by the Na- tional Government and the community in park and other development. The proposed zoning amendments to be considered the latter part of this month should, of course, become a part of the zoning regulations and will doubt- less receive vigorous community sup- port. The unfortunate part of the mat- ter is that they were not adopted long ago, with the very condition in mind that the abattoir business has empha- eized. Under the proposed amendments no permit for such establishments as abattoirs, fertilizer manufactories, etc., even in industrial zones, could be granted without specific permission of the Zon- ing Commission. And such permission would not be forthcoming until the proj- ect had been examined thoroughly by all the agencies concerned with Capital de- velopment. A failure properly to take under considerstion the many factors involved in granting a permit for re- establishment of the abattoir in its old location is to be blamed for the grant of the permit for the foundations. Sub- ordinate officials at the District Build- ing were too willing to follow precedent and establish routine, forgetful or care- less of the need for co-ordination be- tween municipal and Federal park and planning officals. The Shipstead law already protects the investments of the Federal Govern- ment in land and buildings by requiring that commercial establishments receive the approval of the Fine Arts Commis- sion for location on land opposite or adjacent to Federal property. The need for this protection extends beyond such' limits, as in the case of the abattolr. Amendment of the zoning regulations, as proposed, would go far to establish such protection. It is still questioned whether a re- suscitation of N. R. A. can be relied on to prolong a business breathing spell. A Misty Morning. The artistry of nature nowhere is more notably demonstrated than in the invention of mist. Dictionaries speak of the phenomenon as “a cloudlike aggre- gation of minute globules of water sus- pended in the atmosphere at or near the earth's surface”; but a scientific defi- nition, perhaps of necessity. leaves out of account the curious and gracious ele- ment of quiet beauty which to many is the most distinctive characteristic of fog or haze. That eerie loveliness is the magnet that has drawn the hearts of the fault was not a spiritual poverty. But one requires little training in the philosophy of appreciation in order to enjoy such a. spectacle as the Nation's Capital presents these Autumn mornings at the hour when its thousands of work- THE SUNDAY ST. familiar with every aspect, every detall, of the trip. Yet there has been a differ- ence in each successive vista. Somehow an element of poetry has been added. The East is & Japanese print with the sun a disk of pallid gold swinging upward in an ocean of gray; the West is a sober blue touched with rose; the South is a blended symphony of graduated tones as yet unnamed in the vocabulary of color. Washington, it seems, lends itself to Nature's creative experiments with a pe- culiar willingness. It is, as it should be,a monumental city, and its lines therefore provide an opportunity for the mist to silhouette, to lengthen, to sharpen or to obscure in harmony with its whim. The effect never is repetitious. Possibly, un- guessed breezes have something to do with the variation—breezes which finally clear the haze away and leave the Cap- ital golden with light. Clark Howell. It is an everlasting pity that the lives of men like Clark Howell cannot be con- tinued as long as their country stands in need of their services. Their dedi- cation to the common welfare is so notably. so pricelessly valuable to hu- manity at large that they should be granted the power to survive indefinitely i’ a world in which selfless and modest genius is a quality altogether too rare. Such, in any case, is the instinctive re- action which legions of their friends must feel when news is received that they have departed. Mr. Howell was one of the most dis- tinctively useful Americans of modern times. Every field of enterprise in which he chose to engage his mind was en- riched by his participation in its de- velopment. He was a statesman in the truest meaning of the word, a journalist of noble power and courage, a publisher whose managerial capacity was demon- strated in the predominant position which his paper occupied, a patriot whose devotion was manifested in a practical philosophy of protection, peace and prog- ress for civilization everywhere. No boundaries existed in his heart. He loved his fellow creatures and was loved by them in a democracy of mutual un- derstanding and appreciation. A liberal in purpose, he was rationally conserva- tive in method. Thus it was that he con- tributed to the rebuilding of the South and its institutions of industry and com- merce, education and religion. And the same claim may be made in his name for his endowment of the Union to which the South was restored and the society of nations to which the Union belongs. He was universal in his outlook, sym- pathetic in his manner—a good and a great soul. Those few who were his collaborators in the establishment and the direction of the Associated Press were among the number who knew him best and were most heavily indebted to him. For the complete span of four decades Mr, Howell was their colleague. His wis- dom, his intimate acquaintance with his- tory, his masterly comprehension of the business of gathering and disseminating news, his tolerance and charity, his humor and his generous impulse to add to the beauty and satisfaction of living wherever he went—these were the contributions he freely offered to share with his con- temporaries, and especially with his juniors, in the organization he had aided to found and for whose policies he was largely responsible. His inspiration, of course, will go on. Its effect should grow as the years pass. Meanwhile, he is mourned with a sincerity difficult to ex- press and a gratitude impossible to tell. ————— Foreign investors who may desire to speculate in American prosperity may as well be reminded that there are cer- tain old overdrafts to be attended to before credit can be regarded as estab- lished on a sound moral basis, ——————— © Many persons are interested in re- search that will provide a family tree. Almost anybody can have one who is willing to face the risk of digging up an ancestor who was hanged for piracy or imprisoned for debt. It will be some time before another excuse for high telephone charges will be offered by the necessity of supplying extra directories to be torn up for con- fetti. —————— Report from the Ringling Brothers Is to the effect that now is the time for all good elephants to go into Winter quarters and enjoy a period of repose. The only disagreement with a Supreme Court decision permissible is that which may arise within its own membership in the form of a dissenting opinion, Wheeling to Work. What does a working man in England do when he cannot afford to own a car in which to go to work or cannot afford to use his car to go to work? He rides a bicycle. He is able to buy, in England as in other European coun- tries, a bicycle which is geared for climb- ing hills and which is sure of getting him to work on time if he has planned out a schedule for himself. An approximate but fairly accurate estimate of the use of bicycles in Great Britain shows that a little less than |, one in four persons ride them. Approx- imately 10,000,000 of these vehicles pro- vide transportation for working men. There are 46,000,000 people in the Brit- ish Isles, therefore it can be seen what & large percentage of them take ad- 'vantage of manpower t0 take them on their daily rounds, g No stigma 15 attached to riding & bicycle in Europe. Many people, in fact, who own cars prefer to take their recre- ation in this way. Trafic laws are designed to protect the bicyclist and give him the same rights on the road as the motorist. The same applies to motor cycles, which are also in' extensive use. ‘The present as to the inadequacy of local bus-and street car service might be minimized if people forgot about the overcrowded conditions [ 4 3y existing in public vehicles and tried this solution of the problem. The benefit to health, of course, would be great. Many older men would claim that they were too old to do such a thing. However, men as old as 65 ride bicycles daily in other parts of the world and think nothing of it. Some efen consider it a form of life insurance. Uniformity Needed. When the contemplated governméhtal reorganization takes place—or eved before that—some thought might well be given to fixing definite procedure for excusing employes in great numbers when on special occasion such action becomes necessary or desirable. Invariably, at these times, the heads of the, several establishments find them- selves at sea on the question of what is to be done, with the inevitable result that varying practices prevail. Some permit absence, with a corresponding charge against leave; others call it free time and let it go at that., Unless some word can be had from the White House, officers have to decide for themselyes what is best to be done. Three times in the past few days this issue has arisen to demonstrate need for some central authority which would have the final say. The first was on election day, when, after some discussion, offi- cials decided to fall back on precedent and allow employes to take off enough time to vote, although actually there is no authority for this. Later the home- coming celebration for President Roose- velt brought the question up again, with some establishments reporting they were charging leave, and others that they were ‘gnoring the brief absences. When Armistice day came around it brought the usual problem, and the same solu- tion as that for the homecoming, al- though on the last occasion it seemed that a call at the White House might have adjusted the matter. Undoubtedly administrators would welcome a plan that would stand as & permanent guide. —— et Even the large amount of money in- volved in a Nobel prize will hardly rival Eugene O'Neill's collections on royalty accounts. A prize award usually repre- sents critical approval rather than stimu- lation to genius. O'Neill would have done his brilliant work if a Nobel prize had never existed. ——————————— There may be some tomahawk practice in the democracy, but it will be politely conducted and the acceptance of a resig- nation will be accompanied by the usual expressions of regret and of appreciation of capable service. —ee— Demands are being made by various communities for more tax contributions from trailers and tourist camps. The automobile is a wonderful influence in modern civilization, but it cannot efface the rent problem. Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Plain Economist. The honey bee has left the scene ‘Where blossoms once were gay, Its life is quiet and serene, Though wintry skies are gray. The chilling blast may be severe; His creed you may express In just a sentence, brief and clear, “I mind my business.” “I am no bird. I cannot sing, While loitering in a tree. I do not sting a living thing That holds no threat for me. When men. my little store despoil, I conquer my distress By patient thrift and honest toil. I mind my business.” Superstition. ’ “Have you found Friday an unlucky day?” inquired the man with the mind which is active even when trivial. “I have,” answered Senator Sorghum, “gnd the way my political fortunes have been going, I don't exempt Saturdy, Sun- day and all the rest of them.” On the Wing. 1t is a busy world today— And busier tonight. So swiftly speed the hours away, We scarce can count their flight. With Omar once ggain we sing A most profound refrain, The Bird of Time is on the wing— 8o is the bombing plane. ‘Writing Her Own Ticket. “Do you approve of lotteries?” “Not exactly,” said Miss Cayenne, “al- though I have always wished I could be fortunate enough to write something that would collect a Pulitzer prize.” “Our ancient records,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “contain much pious adjuration and also accounts of in- debtedness. None of them commanded the respect to which it was entitled.” 0Old Excuse. Since Adam tasted of the fruit Which Eve politely gave, We find the ame excuse will suit Most situations grave. The disappointments that we note, When all seems fair and nice, Permit us still the words to quote: “He took too much advice.” * «A bombing plare,” said Uncle Eben, as he laid aside the picture paper, “looks From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. It's going to be pretty tough along without campaign speechs few weeks we'll begin to get used to if Red Herrings. From the Winston-Salem Journal, WASHINGT! Pre-Election Bogies Are Now Being Dissipated BY OWEN L. SCOTT. President Roosevelt is getting the keenest satisfaction from the sudden and dramatic evaporation of election bogles. Those bogies are being dissipated by the very groups that raised them, adding The President admitted to newspaper men early in the week that he was made happy by the turn’of events in the last few days. By relieving tensions and suggesting at t a brief era of good feeling, they appeared to make easier the difficult tasks of adjustment that confront him as he faces a second term. In the heat of the campaign, workers were told, through their pay envelopes, that wage deductions were in store for them. Stockholders received warnings that their interests were jeopardized by Federal policles, The people were told that the American system of Govern- ment was threatened and that President Roosevelt hankered to be s dictator. * % % * And now, what do the people find after election? They discover that, while wage deductions are’to be made when the old-age insurance plan takes effect in January, many industries actually are ordering wage increases far greater in amount than the coming deductions of 1 per cent. At least a million workers are to share in the higher pay schedules announced in the first few days follow- ing election. More hundreds of thou- sands received word of wage bonuses to be given them before the close of the ear. o Stockholders, many of whom had been warned that Federal policies were jeop- ardizing their interests, found right after election that they were to receive huge special dividends, if owning stock in a number of important companies. Those dividends will add hundreds of millions of dollars to their income for this year, and are expected to bring corporation distributions to the largest total in his- tory. Regular dividends, spectacular special ¢ash dividends and stock dividends are reported in announcements that dot the financial pages in a manner reminiscent of 1929, * % % & The President, who had been pictured as greedy for power and for a fling at dictatorship, emerged from the battle in his same old character, quick to admit that he had underestimated his own po- litical strength. Then, instead of pre- paring a new dose of medicine for his late opponents, he turned to search for a basis of co-operation, and prepared to let the country settle down in the period between now and January. Newspaper men found Mr. Roosevelt no different after election than he had been in the heat of the campaign or during the period since his first inaugu- ration. But the happenings in industry gave him an opportunity, if he had wanted to take it, to pose as something of a miracle man. The President had held out the pros- pect of better times for workers and in- vestors and farmers in his pre-election statements. Since the election, it has appeared that quick delivery was being made on promises, with industry and Wall Street doing the delivering. The lavishness of distributions caused it to look almost as though employers and financiers were celebrating a Roosevelt victory. * % * * Actually, they were bowing to a New Deal law, the fate of which had been at stake in the election. This law, enacted during the last ses- sion of Congress, imposes a graduated surtax on the income of corporations that fail to distribute their earnings to stockholders. Government experts long ago found that controlling stockholders in many large American corporations were able to escape the full effect of the surtaxes on personal income by having their companies hold a big part of earn- ings in the company, where they would be taxed not more than 15 per cent. If paid out in the form of dividends, those earnings would be much more heavily taxed. So, when the Supreme Court upset processing taxes and when Mr. Roosevelt needed more money to fill that gap, he decided to close up the escape section of the income tax law. Now that it is closed, corporation after corporation is deciding that the best way to meet the law is to pay out earnings in the form of dividends or in the form of wage increases or wage bonuses, allow- ing the individual to settle his tax prob- lem with the Government. * k% % ‘What looked like a miracle really is a new tax law at work. That tax law is adding to what promises to become a new presidential problem—boom control. Throughout his first term, Mr. Roose- velt strove in every way to get .money into circulation. Public works, work re- lief, farm bounties, C. C. C. camps and other agencies supplied machinery through which public funds were pumped to fill the gap left by a contraction of private spending. Now money is circulating more rapidly. Retail trade volume is approaching a record in many lines. Industry after industry is swinging back into heavy production. Talk is heard of shortages of goods and of skilled labor shortages. Christmas business promises to set rec- ords. Unemployient is declining rather rapidly. In other words, the stage is set now upturn from becoming little more than a speculative spree that could end in much the same manner as the 1929 spree ended. His idea and that of his leading offi- cials is that the Federal Government now possesses machinery that can be used to control a boom once it starts. A SPIRITUAL REVIVAL BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D.D,LL.D,D.C.L, BISHOP OF WASHINGTON. Some of the greatest movements that have affected the destiny of states and nations have been ushered in through the ministry of preaching. Frequently where spiritual stagnation and apathy have been most jous the strong word of the prophet has freshly appealed to the hearts and minds of men, issuing in a deep and widespread revival of re- ligion. Sometimes a single voice like that of Martin Luther, John Knox, George Whitfield or John Wesley has been so persuusive and compelling that it has stirred nations to their foundations and effected a reformation of life that changed the whole course of human events. Beyond the power of the states- man, the power of the prophet has pre- vailed. It was this that made Mary of Scotland declare that she feared the voice of John Knox more than an army of ten thousand men. Our age is as susceptible and responsive to preaching as any age that has gone before. It may be true that there are fewer outstanding preachers than we knew informer days. On the other hand, 1t is our firm conviction that the average of preaching ability is steadily rising to higher levels. One thing is conspicuously evident, namely, that, wherever a preach- er is exercising his gifts as an interpreter of the eternal gospel of Christ, wherever he is exemplifying his spoken word with a consistent life, he has a responsive people and they gladly accord him a rev- erent hearing. Some of the foremost leaders in our secular life and men in high office in these latter years have assumed the role of the preacher and their most effective utterances have been those in which they presented the high claims of Christian truth. It is our firm conviction that preaching of the right kind is as readily and gladly heard today as at any time, and this despite the fact that the claim! of secular life have never been more persistent or insistent than they are now. Recognizing this fact, there is under way in this country at the present time s National Preaching Mission that has engaged some of the strongest preachers Fifty Years Ago In The Star “It is not thought likely that civil service reform will suffer any from the result of the elections,” says The Star of November 17, 1886. “The disappoint- No D ment of the defeated 0 Danger to Democrats will not Civil Service. take the form of more violent opposi- tion to this barrier to the distribution of offices. It was not made an issue in the campaign and spoilsmen and re- formers alike fell by the wayside. On general principles, and particularly for the benefit of their office-seeking con- stituents, most of the Democrats in the present House are in the habit of speak- ing contemptuously of the law and many have openly denounced it. Yet there was no opposition strong enough to crystallize into an active effort to repeal it. In the Senate Mr. Vance's attack was a dismal failure. The four bills introduced in the House to repeal the law were never pressed and they come over this Winter with an emphatic and unanimous adverse report. It is ex- pected that this session members will be remarkably silent on the subject. Most of those who have suffered defeat, either in convention or later at the polle, attribute their disaster chiefly to jealousy aroused by the distribution of offices. They would now feel safer if all offices were included within the civil service classification. Responsibility for appointment is fatal to members who are ambitious to retain their seats.” * % The Star of November 17, 1886, reprints the following special dispatch from Atlanta, Ga., concerning a woman who later became widely known in the fleld of American finance: Mrs. Hetty “Tnere is no longer any Greene. doubt that Gen. E. H. Alexander is in the race for the presidency of the Central Rail- road system. His friends are organized, determined and confident. It is said that the block of stock owned by Mrs. Greene of New York will control the election this year, as it did when Gen. Alexander was beaten before. A curious story is told about the control of this stock. Mrs. E. H. Green, the richest woman in America—perhaps the richest woman in the world—owns $600,000 worth of Central Railroad stock. She is in the attitude of guerrilla so far as the warring factions are concerned. The Raoul-Alexander fight two years ago was so close that Mrs. Green, with 6,000 shares, held the balance of power and could name the president. Overtures were made to her for the power to vote this stock. At least it is said Mr. Raoul’s friends paid Mrs, Greene $40,000 in cash for the privilege of voting her stock at the January election. The proxies thus bought elected Mr. Raoul and defeated General Alexander. “It is still further said, though per- haps on certain authority, that when the Greene proxies were secured by Mr. Raoul’s party bets amounting to $50,000 were made with a prominent gentleman in Augusta who was a friend of General Alexander and who believed that Alex- ander would soon control the stock. Itis understood that Mrs. Greene's stock holds the balance of power in the pres- ent fight.” —— trol in both the Senate and the House is an actual handicap to him because the check that comes to hasty legislation through the give and take of debate is largely removed. He has no intention of overriding the Supreme Court, or of refusing to accept its verdict on New Deal legislation. Regardless of reports to the contrary, the President has accepted with good grace the court decisions that destroyed several of his pet projects. He has em- phasized that his purpose is not to upset the balance of power between the execu- tive, the legislative and tire judicial branches of the L But the President is convinced, and he now has a huge popular backing in the country for his conviction, that the Federal Government must have power to guide the economic forces that affect the livelihood of the people of the Nation. Is that power to be found in the Con- stitution of the United States as in- terpreted by the present Supreme Court majority? The answer to that question is likely oficial He knows that when an answer is given —if it involves “no” for an answer and a from our own country and places as re- mote as India. These men have already visited many of the larger cities, reaching across the country, and wherever they have gone great throngs have waited upon their messages. The largest build- ings have proved inadequate, and an awakened interest is manifest that clear- ly indicates the readiness of vast bodies of people to respond to the gospel mes- sage. If anything were needed to give demonstration of the place and power of the prophet’s voice, this National Preaching Mission is sufficient proof. Presentlv, in Washington, beginning Sunday, November 22, and lasting through Wednesday, the 25th, these preachers will be heard. Their mes- sage is designed to fit the conditions of our modern age. While they preach an old gospel, it is a gospel whose teachings apply to the conditions and circum- stances of our modern life. This mission is only one of several world-wide move- ments that are designed to effect a great spiritual reformation. It is becoming in- creasingly evident that the problems of a confused and distracted world will find their solution through a fresh and prac- tical application of the teachings of Christ, rather than through those multi- form systems and agencies created by the genius of men. Premier Hambro of the Norwegian Parliament, when re- cently in Washington, declared that the critical condition we face today “is not economic or political, but moral,” and he appealed for a revival of the practice of the Christian faith. If the gathering war clouds are to be dissipated, if peace and world order are to be maintained, if the strife and con- fusion in our industrial work room is to be equitably adjusted through amity and good will, if our social and domestic life is to be made more wholesome and satis- fying, we must have a more consistent (mlth tion and practice of the Christian aith. “How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace and bring glad tidings of good things!™ Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Women seem to have come to stay in public life—but they seem to be shifting to executive and administrative positions of high authority rather than the legis- lative grind. The Senate lost one of its two women members through the re- fusal of Mrs. Rose McConnell Long to seek re-election, thus leaving Mrs. Hattie W. Carraway to continue for another two years, at least, as the sole representative of her sex in the United States Senate. Two women members are leaving the { House, one by the votes of her con- stituents, Mrs. Florence Kahn of Cali- fornia, after 12 years’ service, and the other, Mrs. Isabella Greenaway of Arizona, by her voluntary retirement to spend more time with her young son, after four years in the House. But an- | other woman comes in—and a grand- | mother at that, the daughter of a famous author—Mrs. Nanny Wood Honeyman, who defeated the “big. blond Norseman,” Representative William A. Ekwall, from Oregon. During the recent campaign women took a decidedly more prominent and active part than ever before and they boast that they have come of age politically under President Roosevelt. Miss (only she is really a Mrs. and a mother) Prances Perkins is the first woman ever to serve as a full-fledged cabinet member and Mrs. Ruth Bryan Owen was the first of her sex in the diplomatic corps. Mrs. Nellie Tayloe Ross was the first woman director of the mint, just as she was the first woman to serve as Governor of a State— Wyoming. Miss Jane Hoey, honor graduate of Trinity College, this city, only a few years ago, but internationally recognized as a leader in socialogical work, has been made director of the Board of Public Assistance for the new Social Security Board. President Wilson set a precedent by being the first President to appoint a woman—Mrs. Helen H. Gardner—as a member of the United States Civil Service Commission, and Mrs. Lucille F. McMillin was similarly honored by President Roosevelt in a service where the women outnumber the men almost seven to four. Mrs. Marion Glass Banister is Assistant Treasurer of the United States. Miss Josephine Roche is assistant secretary in charge of public health and also chairman of the Execu- tive Committee of the National Youth Administration. Miss Grace E. Falke is executive assistant in the Resettlement Administration. Mrs. Palmer Jerman of North Carolina is the first of her sex to be named assistant collector of in- ternal revenue, while women have held positions as collector of customs in Minnesota, Ohio, Iowa and Utah. President Wilson appointed the first woman to serve as Assistant Attorney General—Mrs. Annett Abbott Adams, and since then successive administra- tions have held women in that office. Under the present administration Miss Stella Aikin has been a special assistant. Miss Lucy S. Howorth has served on the Board of Appeals of the Veterans' Ad- ministration. In the world's largest printing estab- lishment—the Government Printing Of- fice—Miss Jo Coffin is assistant to the public printer and directs the personnel. Ellen 8. Woodward is assistant admin- istrator of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Representative Mary T. Norton is the first woman ever to be chairman of a major committee in Congress and is a member of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission. The special assistant to the controller general is Frances R. Montgomery. Mrs, Jewell W. Swofford is chairman of the United States Empioyes’ Compensation Commission. Miss Mary Anderson is chief of the Women's Bureau and Miss Katharine F. Lenroot, chief of the Wom- en's Bureau in the Department of Labor. : There are many other women holding t administrative positions in the «Kicked In and Out of the President’s Little Cabinet” is the contribution to critical campaign literature of Ewing Young Mitchell, former Assistant Secre- tary of Commerce—a book of 371 pages. Mitohell is a lawyer, active in politics for more than 25 years. He served eight years as a .page on the floor of the United States Senate. He has attended the last 13 Democratic National Conventions and was President Roosevelt’s pre-convention manager in Missouri and president of the Roosevelt Business and Professional | widens apparently endlessly. | directly Big Sea Swells As Hurricane Warnings BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN., The hurricane, that furious enemy of man on sea and land, has long been an object of study by the Weather Bureau of the United States and of similar agencies of other countries. Various sys- tems have been worked out with the purpose of giving advance warning to mariners and to coastal dwellers likely to feel the force of the Eumenides. Hur:i- canes are treacherous and do not in- variably follow the routes charted for thzm, so every possible check is sought to enable meteorologists to follow their courses. I R. Tannehill of the Marine Divisi of the Weather Bureau has been at wo?'r): on a relatively new method of detect- ing in advance the onset of these bursts of wind, and has reached some conclu- sions which, it is expected, will prove valuable. The method utilizes observa- tion of sea swells. These are somewhat different from the turbulent, combing waves of the sea, tossed into whitecaps by the immediate presence of the blast. Scamen and those dwelling near the sea know that waves go through a cre- ative evolution. When the first breeze starts the surface is wrinkled into ripples, which slowly or rapidly, depending on the rate at which the wind freshens, build up into waves. The weather tech- nicians have worked out a number of formulas concerning the size of waves. They know, for instance, that the larger the body of water the larger the waves will be. One formula states that waves will reach 4'; feet in height in a body of water 9 miles long, while they will mount to a theoretical 45 feet in a sea 900 miles long. & As the wind falls, the crested seas sub- side into long, undulating swells. There are no whitecaps, no combers, but long, sweeping, rounded mountains of water with deep troughs between. Seafarers subject to sickness dread the slow, dizzy- ing rise and fall as a ship mounts the slope of a swell and then slides down into the trough, Every one knows how a pebble cast into a glassy-surfaced pond will start a circle of ripples, which widens and Parables have been written about the phenom- enon. In obedience to much the same principle, the swells which have been started by the wind move onward, not in circular fashion, but straight forward in the direction in which they were started, These swells will go onward Heross the open sea for hundreds of miles. Cross winds and flaws and the beginning of new gales may kick up a new set of waves, moving in a different direction, but for a long time the original swells will continue on their way in their original direction. This makes a choppy sea, but until the new storm, if it proves to be one, becomes intense the old swells will continue to be recognizable. The importance of these observations in relation to hurricanes has to do with the fact that hurricanes move in circles. A hurricane travels at 100 miles an hour or more, and if it moved in a straight path it would far outdistance the waves. A sea swell moves at the rate of about 42 miles an hour, a speed greater than that of a race horse, and one which would cause a motorist, in most cities, to be arrested for speeding. But even 42 miles an hour could not keep up with & 100-mile-an-hour hurricane. ‘The hurricane, however, does not move onward ‘at its 100-mile rate. That is the circular motion. The whole mass of the storm does move but at & slower rate of speed, slower than the speed of the swells it has produced. It is like a spinning top. The top spins at a high rate of speed and, while spinning, moves along slowly. The fact of outstanding importance which has been learned from ocean ob- servations is that the waves kicked up when the hurricane first starts later become swells which move onward in a constant line, even though the hurri- cane itself moves off when it begins its circular motion. This means that while the great circular storm’s intensity is miles away the swells continue onward. It is a hare and tortoise affair. The 100-mile hurricane tears along its cire cular path, but the steady 42-mile syells keep onward. * % o ¥ Owing to areas of high and low pres- sure into which the hurricane may move, its general course may be deflected. This does happen but not always. If it does, the steady sea swells lose most of their merit as harbingers, but if there is no such deflection, then they come to shore as warnings. Their onward surge brings them in ahead of the spinning storm. A warning is given. The size of the swells is of importance, too, in that it indicates the intensity of the coming storm and also how far away it probably is, be- cause the swells gradually diminish in size after traversing leagues of sea. When the heavy swells come in with- out wind it is a fairly sure sign of a hurricane because, had they been raised by a straight gale—a line squall—the wind, coming directly on, would have arrived before the slower swells. For the last year the Weather Bureau has been using a special appropriation to make studies of sea swells as an addi- tional means of warning of hurricanes. Daily reports are received from ships at sea and Weather Bureau shore stations, and also Coast Guard stations make observations of swells as they reach the land. A fascinating fact, one of those phenomena which it is difficult for any but the scientist to comprehend, is that the cyclone center of a storm originating in the tropics whirls off to the left if it is moving northward in the Northern Hemisphere, whereas a storm which moves southward into the Southern Hemisphere goes off to the right. These terms refer, as to right and left, to & theoretical person having his back to the wind when it first begins to blow. * %k This study of sea swells may be re- garded as a new branch of the meteoro~ logic science, although not entirely new. Studies of waves have been made by such scientists as Vaughn Cornish, W. H. Wheeler, J. A. Fleming, 1. M. Cline and Col. William Reid. Their observa- tions have been reduced to certain laws. The value of the work now being done by Americans is of special value to this country because it relates particu- larly to the West Indian hurricanes, which have caused such frightful loss of life and damage in our own West Indies, in Cuba, Florida and points farther up the Atlantic Coast, as well as on the Gulf Coast. With the combina- tion of methods of warning of tropical hurricanes which the Weather Bureau is working out, it should become increas- ingly possible to give notice of approach- ing disturbances which would keep damage at a minimum. Julian the Apostate was wont to talk familiarly with the gods of the winds, they arfswering him. King Canute com- manded the waves. The Weather Bu- reau practices both these arts save that, in the latter case, instead of commande ing the waves to recede, it commands them to come on and tell all they know!