Evening Star Newspaper, November 14, 1936, Page 8

A8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER ys, 1936. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. G November 14, 1936 e The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Business Office: i ve European Offico: 14 Hesent Bt. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Resular Editten. P‘ ing ::" fi.fi""’ g= 4y o Vo e e R B e g i lana. -46¢ per month Orders me3 Be"sent by mmail of tional 50 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and v'uln-n. S fly su ¥r. $10.00: 1 mo.. Bl R RR BB All Other States and Canada, ey 12, i 7 0igge: § 2o o008 ‘ Sunday only-—o-_—_1 yr. $5.00; 1 mo. B0c Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitl to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise cre hu in this local news publ shia herein. 'é?f'r'u'“ St osbieation of ‘saceial erelisare slso reserved. O * Business and the New Deal. Business since the recent election is apparently making up its mind that it must get along with the New Deal. What the New Deal has in mind in regard to business is yet to be disclosed. The breathing spell which the President de- Uclared may, or may not, be over. Breathing spells have an end, as a rule. The United States Chamber of Com- merce, it is reported, is holding out an olive branch to the administration. It is planning for meetings of industrial leaders, presumably with representatives of the Government, to see what may be done in the way of greater co-operation. Co-operation is a comfortable word. It may mean any one, or several, of a number of things. For example, what the United States Chamber of Com- " merce leaders have in mind may be very different from that which Major Berry, who upon the decease of the N. R. A, became the President's contact man with industry, has in mind. He is the same Major Berry who headed and con- tinues to head Labor's Non-Partisan League, which worked so hard for the re-election of the President. This is the same league which is intent upon a return of the N. R. A. or something like it; the same league which promised labor many things if President Roose- velt should be re-elected. Major Berry, too, has issued a call for conferences with business leaders to discuss co- operation. It was only a short time ago that Major Berry as head of the remnant of the N. R. A. staged a conference of in- , dustrial leaders. It was not a major success. The business men did not choose to co-operate at that time. The N. R. A. had been declared unconstitutional. The national election was far in the future. No one knows yet what President Roosevelt has in mind for legislation at the coming session of Congress deal- + ing with labor and business. Organized labor has plenty of ideas on the sub- Ject, ranging from a constitutional ° amendment declaring the right of Con- gress to fix hours of labor and minimum wages on down the line. % There is real need of co-operation be- tween the heads of the Government and business, if business is to progress and prosperity is to come to the Nation. It is time for sane thinking. It is also time to remember the old saw which declares against killing the goose that lays the golden eggs. Business not only needs to make up its mind to adjust {tself to new conditions and the de- mands of the people, but it is also neces- sary that those who may wish to put business in a strait-jacket realize that such tactics would be bad for the country. Some sensible middle ground must be found. In the meantime, as the conferences are being arranged, it is impossible not to call to mind those lines from the book of Isaiah: “The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb and the leopard shall lie down with the kid.” Perhaps the United States Constitution 1s not considered modern by some critics because it never used the first person singular or the editorial “we.” ———— It is now being seriously debated “whether one of the big questions next to " ‘arise will relate to the propriety of a third presidential term. Whatever else may be said about the Farley campaign, it will be conceded that he invited no charges of boon- doggling. The New Automobiles. In taking note of the opening of the National Automobile Show in New York, through a letter to Alvan Macauley, president of the Automobile Manufac- turers’ Association, the President is ~merely reflecting the national interest which is attracted by this annual parade of the new motor cars. It is an interest which springs from the remarkably wide distribution of automobile ownership in America. More than 22,000,000 pas- senger cars were registered in America last year, which indicates the vast num- ber of Americans who take a peculiarly personal interest in what the manufac- turers have done to improve the auto- mobile for the coming year. ‘Washingtonians will have the oppor- tunity to sce the new models themselves * when the Washington Automotive Trade Assoclation presents its seventeenth an- -~ nual automobile show, which opens today. "But the New York show has revealed " some of the chief points of interest to the average automobile owner. The . president mentions one of these in his - .references to the improvements built into the new cars to increase safety. There 6 brakes, stronger bodies, fewer protruding “gadgets” inside and out the cars are all designed to lessen the gravity, if not the number, of accidents, This trend, as the President points out, is praiseworthy and is in keeping with the awakened sentiment in the country toward safer and saner automobile driving. The manufacturers have done their part to put a safe automobile in the hands of careful drivers. The burden of responsi- bility for safety lies, as always, with the drivers themselves. Aside from the appearance and per- formance of the new models, the various shows this year attract added interest because the sala of automobiles has come to mean 0 much as a gauge of national prosperity and the material wellbeing of the country, The automo- bile industry was one of the first to feel the effects of the depression and one of the first to reflect economic recovery. The industry has been geared to a new speed in production for the coming year which, its leaders predict, will reach new high levels. Cost of Living Pay Scales. Objections manifested by steel em- ployes, or some of them, to “freezing” pay scales to cost of living figures are in line with the traditional attitude of or- ganized labor, which has always fought this method of raising or reducing com- pensation. There is the additional fact that pay raises by the steel industry at this time increase the difficulty of the Committee for Industrial Organization in unionizing the steel industry and killing off company unions in the process. It is strategically advantageous to the C. I O. to throw all the cold water ob- tainable on advantages to employes won without the collective bargaining processes approved by the C. I. O. But the President’s informal press eon- ference comment on the policy of tying wage scales to cost of living figures repre- sents something of a contradiction, if the economy act of the Roosevelt admin- istration represented policy approved by the President. At his press conference the President said that the cost of living factor was to be considered only when applied to a minimum wage; that it should not be considered as a factor if its effect is to curb the improvement of wages. That was not the attitude assumed by Congress and the President in enacting the economy legislation of March, 1933, which reduced Government pay fifteen per cent below the normal scale. A fundamental principle of that act, in its relation to Government pay, was to tie the salary scale tightly to the cost of living index—as established in the act— by providing that the percentage of the reduction in cost of living below a base period would determine the percentage of reduction of Government pay. The President was directed to proclaim the cost of living figures every six months through executive order. The limit of the permissible reduction of pay under this formula was fifteen per cent. While the cost of living in Washington began to rise, the increase was not suffi- cient, under the law, to justify a like increase in Government pay above the low point of reduction. In his budget message to Congress in December of 1934 the President recommended a five per cent restoration, but Congress took the bit in its teeth and provided full restoration of pay over the President’s veto. In his veto message, in March of 1934, the President, noting that while the cost of living was rising, it was not rising fast enough to justify pay restoration under terms of the law, said he would be “glad to confer with Congress on im- proving the methods of restoring Federal pay s0 that * * * the pay will keep ahead of the cost of living increases in- stead of lagging behind it.” But Con- gress, over the President’s objection, threw the whole thing out of the window. In the steel industry controversy the cost of living factor in wage scales is merely a side issue. Union recognition is the objective. But administration criticism of the cost of living method of wage adjustment necessarily recalls its own adoption of such a method in re- ducing, if not raising, wages. It is proposed to revitalize the Repub- lican party. If it is true that an elephant never forgets an injury the grand old pachyderm may be a trifle hard to soothe. Sick Children. One more child at Children’s Hospital goes to swell the death list. He dies in the morning after having been brought in only the day before. He was imme- diately put on the danger list when admitted fo the hospital. There was nothing any one could do for him. He was so far gone that it was only a question of time. Some time ago he was taken by his mother to the hospital in very bad con- dition. Disorders due to undernourish- ment.had dehydrated his body until he was little more than a living skeleton. The hospital cured him and discharged him with instructions to his mother as to what to feed him and to bring him in periodically to the dispensary to be examined, v A week later he was back, in the same condition. This time his m« s after & few days, signed a release to take him home before he was ready to be discharged by the hospital. He came back a third time, this time worse than ever. Now he is gone. Children brought in with “one foot in the grave” and those whose parents sign releases before a discharge is granted swell Children’s Hospital’s death list unnecessarily. On one particular day there were 98 patients in the hospital, 35 of whom were on the danger list. Some are received in such bad condition that the hospital is unable to:do anything for them. ; It is estimated that 50 to 60 of these patients could be parents would take their children per cent A » the dispensary before sickness has pro- gressed to the danger point. It people would take advantage of the services rendered them and bring in their children before they are so sick as to be in danger of thelr lives, it would save patients, hospital and Community Chest worry, grief and money. The District of Columbia’s lack of a voice in politics does not prevent it from cheering with loud sincerity at an in- augural parade, in honest belief that in the course of social and political evolu- tion the vote will assert itself as an in- cident of natural equipment. Automobiles are on exhibition and form displays even more beautiful and impressive than a chrysanthemum show. In the modern economy a garage in the back yard is more important than a greenhouse. 7 Having reached the age of 80, Justice Brandeis is the recipient of innumerable birthday cakes, a birthday cake being the nearest thing to a private gratuity that a judge can permit himself to accept. The favorite toast of Rip Van Winkle was “May you live long and prosper.” Even the happy-go-lucky Rip admired thrift and did not demand an old-age pension. ——e——————— An elephant never forgets an injury and is noted for his hatred of mice. There were a number of incidents for fancy to play with in the recent cam- paign. —————————— By shipping munitions into Spain, Soviet Russia demonstrates that the local demand for trouble does not prevent a large supply for purposes of shipment. Sun spots are causing anxiety. The sun, which astronomy describes as still youthful, has had spots before and has always recovered. ————————— The fact that it has been taken out of politics may restore the sunflower to its original popularity as a simple floral decoration. ———re—————— ‘When attacking forces announce tak- ing a city they usually refer to what is left of it. . Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Prohibitive. Some threats are going ‘round about Concerning bootleg shooting. They seem to call, beyond a doubt, For means of prosecuting. The effort which might lead unto A serious condition And call on men for something new By way of prohibition. Should bootleg bombers fill the sky And gases flow too ready, Some method we must surely try, With purpose sure and steady, To keep the world upon its course And shun a new perdition. A means we’ll study to enforce A brand-new prohibition. Expanding Consciousness. “Do you read the crime stories in the magazines?” “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum. “And the love stories?” “Invariably.” “And the sports news?” “Invariably.” “Do they aid you in your economic problems?” “Very much. These subjects serve to remind me of how many things the peo- ple are interested in besides the question of who is going to get a Government Jjob.” Ad Infinitum. Since education is the rule, Including Greek examples, ‘We'll all start in and go to school ‘When wisdom shows her samples. More teachers must be on their way, For higher knowledge reaching, While more arise from day to day To teach the art of teaching. Occupation. “Is your boy Josh going back to col- lege?” i “Yes,” replied Farmer Corntossel. “It1l cost something to send him, but it'll be worth a good deal to keep him from interferin’ with practical work around the place.” “There is happiness in effort for its own sake,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town. “It is pleasant to go fishing only when you are not dependent on fish for your next dinner.” Simple Life. When Teddy Roosevelt was. here, In this sad world of strife, Folks would converse with hearty cheer About “the simple life.” A livelihood we all could win, And those without the means To buy champagne and terrapin At least had pork and beans. “De Supreme Court dont worry me,” sald Uncle Eben, “so much as de small time jedge dat has a neighborhood grouch.” A Domestic Balance. From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, Now that they are making auto parts out of vegetables, one realizes what a smart man it was who first named truck Car Riders Want Double Track on Kennedy Street To the Editor of The Star: I il AT 2sid i i Btes sEeiitilly toiled for years and years for car companies, but since this new management I understand they favor the one-man car and my own idea is by buying these busses and operating them with one man that is why they are grad- the old tried and true manned transportation system unless something is done to stop it, and I sug=- gest the sooner the Government tak:s over the system and operates it the sooner we will have & better opportunity to get some real service. There are many thousands of people living in Washington that do not like the bus to ride in and never will and if they stop the cars on Kennedy street they will lose plenty of patronage. The citizens’ associations cannot dic- tate to the majority of citizens living in that area, even if they have gone on record that they want an all-day bus service on Third- street and a bus =zt Fourteenth and Kennedy. Most asso- ciations represent only small groups and should not seek to voice what they think a majority should do. The sooner the present management of the Capital Transit Co. realizes that even if it favors the uncomfortable and unsafe bus for a major transit vehicle, the better service which the street car gives the more thousands of people will patronize the company, Street car riders want a double track on Kennedy street and at once, too. FELIX A. URY, Political and Social Evils Not Readily Eradicated To the Editor of The Star: 2 Apropos the ideas advanced by your correspondent, Alexander Lanier, it may be said that his knowledge of other countries, their methods of government, their national ethics, their spiritual de- velopments and aptitudes, may not be sufficiently comprehensive as to pass judgment upon them. While Mr. Lanier, voicing the popular sense, considers the popular form of government as “self- government,” of which he thinks the Anglo-Saxons are alone capable, in effect it is government by law or constitution. In other words, while it may flatter the average citizen to think that he or she, by the power of voting, has a share in the government, a little reflection will show us that, the evils operating in and by human nature being so varied, subtle and swift, this method of uniting large enough numbers of votes to outwit the ever-changing form of evil is almost hopeless, and the present conditions in America attest to this fact. All good citizens are unanimous in their con- demnation of the many phases of evils or discords, crimes and suicides, robberies and inequalities, but the most they can do is to express their feelings, and it takes time and money to start a move- ment to eliminate, by organized action, any one of the particular evils. ‘Those desiring to do something by way of handling the situation from a moral, metaphysical or ethical angle should un- derstand just what is involved and should try to see the other fellow’s point of view as to what system might contribute most to the betterment of the human race in this world of ours. P. CALPAKIAN, A Court Room Incident Of Half a Century Ago To the Editor of The Star: A news item in the papers states that the son of the Governor of North Caro- lina was admitted to practice law in the Pasquotank County court house, and that the lawyer’s oath was read to the young man by his father. This little item vividly recalls to the writer an incident that occurred in the court room in his native town in that State over 50 years ago, which may be now related, as all of the participants are long since dead. A gentleman by the name of R. H. McGuire, who was a native of Pasquotank County, had settled in the writer’s town, and had conducted for many years a successful general mer- cantile business. However, he fell upon evil days, and, becoming greatly finan- cially embarrassed, wis the object of many law suits. In & suit by one of his creditors, who was represented by a law- yer named Jim Davis, Mr. Davis, in opening his argument to the jury sald: “Gentlemen of the jury: The defendant is R. H. McGuire. Who is he and where did he come from? From away down yonder in Pasquotank, where the bull- frogs leap from bank to bank, and the little frogs stuck in the muck and the mire chirp farewell to R. H. McGuire.” This aspersion upon the origin of the defendant was too much, and he there- upon picked up an ink well from the knocked the distinguished court, which ended the proceed- in open ings for the rest of the day. ALEXANDER SIDNEY LANIER, A Tip-Taker’s Chance. From the Joplin (Mo.) Globe. on how to get the most service out minimum of tipping he would make enough money to take a trip to China. Clark Griffith qualifies as an authority on base ball English anyhow. He insists that since a pinch-hitter is supposed both the temperature below which occasions the precipita- tion of water in a form akin to snow, ;‘Mchu we see and call frost, and the thing To speak of a “freezing frost” is just & bit too much, but, like much that is unnecessary, in the same way, has its purpose in emphasis, accent, in pointing the moral. Frost and dew are two extremes of the same thing, precipitations, one occasioned by cold, the of.h‘u by heat. * ok % Prost is a very pointed indication of colder weather at hand. It is a part of the outdoor scene which we ought to cherish, since the great outdoors, as it is so often called, is the natural scene. We forget, in civilization, that indoors is what we make it, but that the outdoors is as Nature made it. Frost is her sign, at this time of year, her very pointed reminder, that, inas- much as we have strayed away from her and her outdoors, we are diseased and suffering. Even spectacles on our noses show how much we have strayed away, by concentrating the eyes on far, far smaller things—type—than we should do in a perfect state of Nature. Our reading and our knitting are unnatural, and the famous South Sea Islanders probably do neither. There was an item in the paper the other day about a famous English states- man who fainted dead away because of the heat at a function he was attending. No doubt the temperature was all of 68! The English cannot stand it as hot as most Americans. We have become veri- table salamanders; you see husky fel- lows all huddled up in thick overcoats at this time of year, coats heavy enough to stand Arctic breezes. Every place one goes the air is too hot; to be warm enough on the street is to be too hot indoors. x ok kX Frost, then, may be taken as symbol of the cooler atmosphere which Nature tries to give us at this time, but which we so often refuse, for purely personal reasons, most of which are poor. It is correct to say, “Ten degrees of frost,” meaning 10 degrees below freez- ing, or 22 degrees, although it is more customary nowadays to say 22 degrees above zero, or just 22 degrees. A frosty morning is Autumn at its best. ‘Then the temperature has a bite to it in keeping with the season, but seldom really cold, especially in comparison with the severe temperatures which probably will come along later. This is the secret of enjoying the weather, to keep each seasonal change well in mind beforehand, and actually to think about it when it arrives. The old nature poets, so-called, served a useful purpose, no doubt, by reminding reader's of the seasonal changes. ‘We forget today that at one time in the history of English literature the poets held the center of the stage. For a time they even outran the newspapers, then in their infancy, for the prize of public interest. George , a forgotten but by no means t, lamented loudly the faults the newspapers of hudly!nspmm”hfldceouplm Even more, the poem keeps alive the and its rela- Snow is the The tendency nowadays is to regard such subjects as too utterly commonplace for notice, but one may stop to wonder the “smart guys” whe told us how “rot- ten” he was? *x % Walt Whitman, who came along in Civil War times, wrote of Nature, es- pecially in his prose pleces, but as one who escaped from business to find solace in the woods. ‘Today the better attitude, one may feel, is to accept your Nature along with your business, and make much of both. ‘Whitman said, in his “Specimen Day”: “After you have exhausted what there is in business, politics, conviviality, love and so on—have found that none of them finally satisfy, or permanently wear — what remains? Nature remains; to bring out from their torpid recesses, the af- finities of a man or woman with the open air, the trees, fields, the changes of sea- sun by day and the stars of heaven by night.” ‘Whitman was a poet, first and fore- most, so he is not to be blamed for not understanding that many men do find permanent satisfaction in business, poli- tics, “and so on”; that Nature becomes, for them, nothing more than a queer in- comprehensible something which sends rainy days when they want to play golf. Many of these men are among the kindest of all, some with dispositions which can be called nothing but sweet. It would seem, then, that in cutting Nature out of their scheme of things they really miss a great deal. And isn't that the fact? No men, not even poets, could get more out of the seasonal changes, the varying days and nights, than these hard-headed business men, as they like to call them- selves, if once they would take it into their heads to stop being ashamed of such interests. Perhaps frost is just as good a begin- ning as anything. It is something big, universal, as real as daylight and as interesting. Frost has a way of getting at you, making itself felt; poets and children call it Jack Frost, but whether it Is_ regarded as a painter with a name or simply as a physical change, it is very much worth thinking about when you look out into the yard and see it on the grass and garage roof. STARS, MEN AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in i’ield, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. California’s giant sequoias no longer are unchallenged as the oldest of living things. ‘The Western junipers, much smaller trees which also grow in the Sierra Ne- vada Mountains, are close rivals, it is shown by a recent investigation by scien- tists of the Carnegie Institution of Wash- ington. Dr. Waldo 8. Glock of the Carnegie staff found one specimen which, as de- termined by a sample count of its rings, is at least 3,000 years old. The greatest age of a sequoia thus far found is 3,250 years. The juniper is entitled at least to the distinction of being the second oldest individual in the world. This particular tree, as described in the Carnegie Institution report, measures 57 feet and 6 inches in circumference at the ground and 42 feet and 9 inches 6 feet above the ground. It is about 80 feet high. It required at least 700 years for the last foot to be added to its radius. The species is one of exceedingly slow growth. Many other Western junipers up to 8 and 10 feet in diameter were examined by Dr. Glock, who believes that the average life span of individuals of this race may at least equal that of the redwoods. The Western juniper is found in the high mountains from Idaho and Wash- ington southward to Southern California. It exists in greatest abundance at sub- alpine heights on precipitous canyon walls and rocky ridges. The roots that anchor it into the rock crevices often appear hopelessly located for their task of supplying food to the tree. In spite of its precarious habitats, the tree has an astounding tenacity of life. Lightning may blast it or wind and fire destroy it, but if a remnant of bark remains intact it will live on. Because of the constant exposure, the majority of these trees have a gnarled and grotesque appear- mnce. * X x % Gigantic clams, nearly five feet long and weighing more than 400 pounds, ‘who raise crops of microscopic plants for their own sustenance are among the fan- tasles of nature reported by the British Museum's Great Barrier Reef Expedition. ‘These molluscan titans have formed a curious p with the zooxan- thellae, a family of algae. ‘The plants live as parasites in the blood cells of the inner lobes of the clam’s mantle. Upon this mantle is a lenslike structure which looks like an eye. It was determined, however, that the mol- Dead Sea life—which runs as high as 170 microns in length. * ok ok % Two more American game birds which once visited the Eastern United States in countless numbers may be on their way to join the passenger pigeon and the marsh hen in extinction. The Biclogical Survey has just de- clered a completely closed season on canvasback and red-head ducks, long favorites with hunters, after a survey of their Canadian breeding grounds this Summer showed that not enough of them were left to keep the race alive unless they were given rigid protection for a time. X Unlike other birds which have been wiped out, the plight of the ducks is not entirely due to the fact that they have been hunted ruthlessly. The trouble has been that their natural breeding grounds—swampy areas in the North Central States—have been drained for agriculture. This has helped pre- cipitate droughts in & few appropriate places left. So the canvasbacks have been driven steadily north into Canada for their breeding season. Droughts have hurt them as much as hunters. There still are vast numbers of them. Last Fall, it was estimated, more than 200,000 assembled on the Susquehanna River flats in Maryland—but this num- ber represented a very large proportion of all that were left in the world. They are all needed as a nucleus for restoring the vast flocks of a few decades ago. Editorials in Thursday’s Star Elicit Commendation To the Editor of The Star: No doubt numerous of your read- ers feel as I do about your editorials, which are uniformly of a timeliness, ex- cellence, sanity, and balance, whole- somely free from rancor and bias. Their wholesome power of generating and stimulating thought has often moved me to want to write an appreciation. Thurs- day’s four excellent editorials have made irresistible the desire to express my com- mendation. On “Why Not Count Them” your intel- ligent, timely suggestions and views will helpfully keep on the consciousness of many, including our leaders, a problem that is yet with us and for which no solu- tion is of a certainty assured, hopeful as all may be. In your “An Affair of the Nation” you plead the cause of the multi- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer fo any Question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C., Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How many people in the United States carry life insurance and ~vhat is its total vaiue?—T. M. C. A. On $100,730,415016 of legal reserve life in- surance in force in the United States. It was held by approximately 63,000,000 .people. Q. Is there a census of the blind? -—W. H. A. Since 1830 the Federal Bureau of the Census has included in its decennial enumeration a census of the blind, Q. What is Bodoni type?—M. W. : A. It is & kind of type that was in- vented by an Italian printer named Giambattista Bodoni. Its popularity at present is shown by the fact that during the past five years the N. W. Ayer awards for typographical excellence have gone mostly to newspapers using this design of type. Q. If & plot of ground contains an acre and is square in shape, how long or wide would it be?>—J. V. R. A. It would be slightly over 208 feet. Q. When were the McGuffey Readers published?>—R. B. C. A. The first and second McGuffey Readers appeared in 1836, the third and fourth in 1837, the fifth in 1844, the sixth in 1857. There have been 122,000,000 copies sold. Q. How much money is allocated to the brothers of King Edward VIII by the government?—J. T. A. The civil list of each of the royal dukes is 23,800 pounds annually. The annuities to the royal family are granted by Parliament upon the recommendation of a selected committee. Q. Please give the names of some of the Kentucky thoroughbred farms—E. J. A. Among the best known ones are Airdrie, Beaumont, Belair, Blue Grass Heights, Bosque Bonita, Brookdale, Calumet, Castleton, Claiborne, Clark- land, Coldstream, Crestwood, Dixiana, Duntreath, Elmendorf, Elsmeade, Far- away, Fayette, Few Acres, Greentree, Hamburg, Hinata, Idle Hour, Keeneland, Le Mar, Llangollen, Mereworth, Merrick Place, Military, Mineola, Montrose, Old Hickory, Old Kenney, Poplar Hill, Runnymede, Scotland, Shandon, Silver Lake, Slickaway, Stonewall, Whitney and Xalapa. Q. Was John Calvin brought up a Roman Catholic?—M. D. A. John Calvin was born a Roman Catholic and his father intended him for the priesthood. He received his educa« tion under the same tutor who later di- rected the education of Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuit Order. Q. What can be used to paint automo= bile tires white and preserve them?— 8. L H. A. Liquid rubber is a preservative and beautifier of tires. It gives the tire a white coating. It is made of pure un- vulcanized rubber in solution. It can be applied with a brush and if used at regular intervals, will, it is claimed, prolong the life.of the tire, because it penetrates and runs into any small cuts 31, 1935, there was = or holes and seals them over, thus in a » measure preventing moisture from reaching the fabric. Q. Is it true that the intelligence test at the time of the World War showed an average mental age under 12 years? —~E. 8. A. In a test given by the surgeon gen- eral’s office during the recent war the average mental age of the American- born draftee was 13.08 years. Q. What was a bull-boat?—H. W. A. It was a rude, ill-formed canoe made of hides stretched over a wooden frame, originally the canoe of the Mandan Indians. Q. Have moths always been found in this country?—C. D. A. It is believed that they were not native, but were brought from Europe by the Puritans. Q. Who was the secretary of the First Continental Congress?—D. M. A. Charles Thomson. He was ap- pointed on the opening day, and served through all the Congresses, 15 years in all. He was noted for his honesty and his ability to keep secrets. Q. Where is the largest orang-utan in the United States?>—E. W. A. Truson, a 300-pound orang-utan, brought to the United States from North Borneo by Mr. and Mrs. Martin Johrison is the largest in captivity. It will be caged in the Bronx Zoo. Q. What kind of government have the Philippines at present?>—O. M. A. On November 14, 1935, a proclama- tion certifying the freedom of the Philip- pine Islands and the election of officials chosen by ballot in the islands on Sep- tember 17 was signed by President Roose- velt a few minutes after noon. At Manila occurred the inaugural cere- monies for President Manuel Quezon on the steps of the Legislature Building. The island government is now in its trial period with a President and a repub- lican form of government. Q. What became of the historic collec~ tion of textbooks owned by the late George A. Plimpton?—F. M. A. The 5000 books and manuscripts comprising the collection were presented to Columbia University last May. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Cold-Weather Friends. The d:';ny woodpecker, nuthatch, chick- Are :Hee‘folly-lood cold-weather neigh- They go insect-hunting in every bare tree, And clear gardens of bugs by their labors. They flock unafraid to your bird-feeding troughs, And reward you by antics quite funny; Mth:tymuupddc-dmm.p.mel toughs, Tapping tree-trunks for their alimony. And Chickadee's black cap gleams gay in the sun, The white breast of Nuthatch is mellow, The feathers of Downy the other way run— And each is & swashbuckling fellow.