Evening Star Newspaper, November 11, 1936, Page 11

Armistice Day Thoughts Run to Future Sacrifices Remembered, but Policy to Keep Peace is Foremost. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. HEN, eighteen years ago, the guns on the Western front were silenced and the cele- brations of peace began *round the world, there was little thought given to the aftermath of war. The terrible effects of the eco- nomic convulsions caused by the World War of 1914 were as lit- tlevisualized then as they were after the Napolc- onic wars. For nearly 20 years after the Napoleonic wars, for instance, Great Britain did not return to the gold standard. Economic equi- librium and trade revival were not established for almost a quarter of a century. Today, as 18 years have passed since the armistice, the American Nation stands alongside of Great Britain and France as the only democracies among the larger powers. A war that was fought to make the world safe for democracy has failed, for the time being, to win its objective. The rea- son is clear to those of us who at- tended the Paris Peace Conference and saw the indifference there to that essential spirit of accommoda- tion and conciliation which recognizes how the army of a nation might be beaten but how its people can never be vanquished. Victors Sought Costs. Failure to understand the view- point of the minority has been the ultimate undoing of many & majority. The spirit of the allied victors was one of extracting from the defeated all the cost of the war, even though, from an economic viewpoint, such an indemnity meant destruction of the economy of Central Europe. But, worse than that, inability of the Eurcpean countries from an eco- nomic standpoint to meet the war debts they incurred in America plu-l duced bad feeling on this side of the Atlantic and impaired the co-opera- tionist movement which it was hoped would enable the democracies of the world to stand together in the post-| war decade against the common | enemies—bolshevism and fascism. Something more than the League of Nations covenant grew weaker and | weaker in the years following the war. | It was the solidarity of nations, the community of interest that causell America to send 2,000,000 men over- seas because of a principle deemed | precious to the very existence of free xovernmem. Nation's Recent Policy. Today no such army would be sent, not merely because there is an abhor- | rence of war but because the theory of | world unity has received a damlgmg' blow from the very nations which originally cared so much for inter- national co-operation. America today s much more in a mood of isolation &nd non-entanglement in European af- 1airs than it was in 1920, when the campaign was fought on the League of Nations issue and when even many of the Republicans who supported Mr. Harding believed his administration | would favor some form of international | mssociation to prevent war. In a larger sense, the Kellogg-| Briand treaty outlawing war was the substitute offered by powers which did | not believe 1n a rigid formula of in- | ternational co-operation. The strange thing today is that people who are so willingly accepting regimentation | and yielding democratic privileges in | the interest of the supreme state are unwilling to accept even the slightest measure of internationalism. ‘Whatever is going to be achieved for world peace in the immediate fu- ture will depend upon how far the heads of governments will be able to | associate themselves together in the | common interest. Before the elec- tions Arthur Krock, Washington cor- respondent of the New York Times, after a visit to Hyde Park, wrote a dispatch predicting a conference be- | tween President Roosevelt and the heads of various European govern- ments. This was subsequently given 8 form of official denial due to the misinterpretation that was promptly placed upon the contemplated move | by opposition speakers in the cam- paign. Prominent in Thoughts. Undoubtedly Mr. Roosevelt has thought again and again of what America could do at this time that ‘would contribute to world peace. The example of a peaceful pan-America is, of course, important and significant, and the President’s visit to Argentina to the conference of nations there may prove the first in a series of steps that will produce an atmosphere con- ducive once more to thoughts of in- ternational co-operation. Certainly Secretary Hull's program of reciprocity, with modifications, of course, to meet some of the valid ob- Jections raised against the method or nature of the negotiating machinery, s a step in the direction of better in- tercourse of nations and toward an improved international economy. Encouraged by the reception given the Hull treaties outside the United States, Mr. Roosevelt is in a position to speak about them now to all the world through the instrumentality of the pan-American conference in Buenos Aires. If the President suc- ceeds in developing an atmosphere of receptiveness to world co-operation, an exchange of views with the heads of other governments is not altogether {mprobable. Without an increased foreign trade, unemployment here and abroad will not be diminished materially. The presence of 25,000, 000 unemployed in the world i a constant menace to the maintenance of established governments, and this {n turn means greater sums spent on armament to keep the unemployed occupied and finally means war in order to provide opportunities for ex- pansion by conquest. Has Opportunity. While the American people are David Lawrence, THE EVENING 'STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1936 News Behind the News Rayburn Seems to Have Inside Track as Fight Looms for House Leadership. BY PAUL MALLON. OST troublesome inside problem here now is not constitutional amendments, N. R. A. revivals or cabinet changes, but the ques- tion of who is going to be floor leader of President Roosevelt's xt House of Congress. You may not have heard of the maiter, and myl:su care much now that you have, but, to the denizens of Wash~ ington few things could be more important. It seems only the insiders know it yet, but Representative S8am Ray- burn of Texas will shortly announce his candidacy for the vacant leader- ship. He was at New York Democratic headquarters throughout the cam- paign, sitting at the right hand of Chairman Farley. As Mr. Rayburn han- dled congressional campaign matters for Farley, it is more than assump- tion that he had been able to perfect a better organization among newly- elected Representatives than he had a few years ago in his unsuccessful campaign for the speakership. This is going to be a big surprise to Representative John O’Connor, who already has one hand on the vacant leadership chair. He was acting leader at the close of the last session and more or less expects, therefore, to get the job permanently. As Mr. O'Connor has performed one or more personal favors for nearly every Representative, the scramble for the chair should be close. 4 The White House has always been friendly with Rayburn and occa- sionally unfriendly with O'Connor. Nevertheless, Mr. Roosevelt might keep his hands entirely out of the affair, were it not for the fact that he and his associates hate to have a bitter party squabble develop in the House just before inauguration. It would get the non-political conciliation pro- gram off on the wront foot. Many a high mind is now wondering what to do about it. Something will be done. * x * Every one is saying Mr. Roosevelt will recommend continuance of the 'HE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s eflort to give all sides of questions ef interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Reconstruction Finance Corp., but do during the ¢ampaign. The speech the Treasury so construed it. * X New Deal family. themselves about a year ago to work (OY CANT DO THAT, YOPSATS MINE/ 7 his hat officially at the F. R. B. he did publicly. Those who have seen the letter not be surprised if he does not. The Treasury Department mow is at work very quietly to take over the liquidation of Mr. Jesse Jones’ outfit. It may not be success= ful in convincing Mr. Roosevelt, but its lawyers say there is mo reason to maintain an extensive R. F, C. organization just to collect money and turn it over to the Treasury. Mr. Morgenthau, they say, could do it just as well and save R. F. C. expenses. Also, there seems to be the matter of a tax speech made by Mr. Jones indicated that the administration should and would alter the new tax bill theory materially at the next ses- sion of Congress. Later, Mr. Roosevelt spoke of the tax bill at Worcester inwery high terms and seemed to refute Mr. Jones' views. At any rate, How this will all work out is not yet clear, especially as Mr. Jones is understood to have some ideas about continuing the R. F. C. lending policy to effect a reorganization of railroads. * x Note—From the above you may correctly conclude that, while the election settled many things, it did not settle peace within the scrappy Brother and sister officials stopped contesting among for the re-election of the President, but, the day after election, they started at it again. There are a dozen other fancy inside fights being organized, including a very interesting one by the Treasury to take over the liquidation of the Home Owners’ Loan Corp. It is more than a post-elec- tion note that Federal Reserve Boardman Chester Davis was the real hidden power behind the alle party Roosevelt Agriculture Com- mittee. The committee did not dare sneeze without getting an okay from Davis. What this means is that Davis has not retired from the Agricultural Advisory Council of the President, but is merely hanging Incidentally, most of the workers on the effective Farm Campaign Committee are not back at their old desks at A. A. A. headquarters. No one around here is questioning the mysterious occult electoral powers of Chairman Farley, but, in a note to the President on Friday evening before election, Sunny Jim, c()nceded more than know that Farley gave Landon only two States for sure, but also gave him a chance in five other States, namely, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Kansas and Nebraska. to increase in a practical way the enthusiasm for world peace. Mr. Roosevelt has a signal oppor- tunity, because of the virtually unani- | mous opinion he has behind him in America, to affect the destiny of the world in the realm of better trade relations and avoidance of war. Today's armistice celebrations nat- urally look to the memories of the | past, but the passage of 18 years may make Armistice day hereafter more | and more a day for the contemplation | of measures and policies that will seek | in a practical way to avoid the neces- sity of the sacrifices made in 1918, (Copyright, 1936.) Military Hat Changed. Australian soldiers have doffed the famous “digger” hat, so familiar dur- ing the World War, and have & new peaked cap. MRS. SANGER HONORED Gets Town Hall Club Medal for Distinguished Service. Mrs. Margaret Sanger, birth-control leader, has received the annual medal for distinguished service given by the Town Hall Club of New York, accord- ing to announcement by the Na- tional Committee on Federal Legisla- tien for Birth Control, of which she is president. Past recipients of the medal have been Eva La Gallienne, Dwight W. Morrow, James G. Mc- Donald, Ogden L. Mills and Ruth Pratt. g Mrs. Sanger is leaving Washington today on an extended lecture tour, to return in January to launch a cam- paign for amending Federal laws ob- structing birth control through medi- cal channels. =y § | % § § % % A ENTHUSIASTIC ACCEPTANCE the EDEN HOMBURG introduced FIRST in Washington by Lewis & Thos. Saltz, Inc. . . 1409 G Street N. W. now in FOUR colors — We introduced it in Black...the color that Britain's Young For- eign Minister wears. IT was'an immediate success. Not only in Black but special orders on colors came rolling in. So now you can have it in Four New Fall eager to have Mr. Roosevelt avoid the pitfalls of entanglement in foreign politics, he will find substantial sup- port for whatever he can do to mos bilize the moral forces of the world, ‘where the moral forces are still potent, and the economic forces of the other countries where concrete benefits in the form of trade benefits may tend i A Shades...Autumn Brown...London Grey...Dark Fog Grey and Black Exclusiye at Lewis & Thos. Saltz, Inc. 1409 G Street, Northwest 37 50 HAND FELTED BY SCHOBLE LEWIS & THOS. SALTZ INCORPORATED 1409 G STREET N. W. NOT CONNEGTED WITH SALTZ BROTHERS INC. DD GO G AN G MAND I G IR GHNAN) HND 6 DD GINTD 6 MMTD VD 6 MINETD 6 VWD DA M) M0 DD We, the People Long-Range Banking Aims of New Deal to Figure in Coming Struggle. BY JAY FRANKLIN. long-range aims of the New Deal in banking, under the leadership of the Federal Re- serve Board, may not come to the surface at once, but without know- ing what these aims are, it will be impossible to understand the battle at Washington this Winter. The situation is not unlike that in England 400 years ago, when Henry VIII's marriage with Anne Boleyn took England out of Catholic Europe and began the Protestant Reforma- tion. The first step was to break with foreign influences, the second was to set up an Established Church of Eng- land, and the third was to permit real religious liberay—a goal not reached until well after the battle of ‘Waterloo. The first step caused an interna- tional erisis, the second a long re- ligious struggle with the Catholics, the Dissenters and the Puritans, while the third represented the completion of one of the great processes of human liberation. Far From Central Banking. The Federal Reserve Board under Roosevelt is about where Henry VIII was when he had broken with Rome and confiscated the monasteries (com- pare the New Deal’s seizure of mone- tary gold). We are far from having an “established financial church” in the form of real central banking and we are very, very far from what monetary reformers like Father Cough- 1lin would regard as economic liberty. ‘The steps ahead of the Federal Re- serve Board are marked out by the divorce of power from Wall Street and the marriage of Washington to financial supremacy. This is only the beginning and there is no reason to doubt that we may have to suffer the reign of some coming Tory “Bloody Mary” before even this switch of part- ners is accepted. Then there will be the final struggle against the deeply entrenched power of the $7,000,000,000 of fiy-by-night foreign money, directed by the inter- national bankers, in our manufactur- ing, banking and marketing system. Beyond that lies the struggle with the financial “dissenters”—the State banks and private banks and invest- ment houses which make a crazy quilt of our financial system. Banking Groups Privileged. The collapse of Huey Long removed the most powerful defender of the small, weak State bank—*“the little banks at the forks of the creeks"—but there are powerful forces for financial reaction in the form o. various pri- vate insurance companies of the East which will offer resistance to New Deal attempts to rationalizc our finan- cial structure. The way these insti- tutions work at present is to give cer- Why wasn't Columbus looking for America? Fine flavors of India’s spices! Luring Columbus westward... westward...into theunknown. Looking for India by a new and shorter route... never dream- tain banking groups privileged access to insurance funds for investment. ‘Then comes the control of credit. Father Coughlin is quite right to argue that Congress has “farmed out” its right to coin money to private money lenders, so long as nine-tenths of our money is made up of check books in- stead of coins or bank notes. Sooner or later Congress will have to resume its lawful power and the *‘coinage” of credit money for pri- vate profit will cease. The present danger is that the “reformers” be- lieve that money is everything. So long as the Coughlinites and silverites and faddists are in a mood to worship their own substitute for the golden calf more fervently than the old gang worshipped the gold standard, their agitation will hurt rather than help the New Deal's “reformation.” Money can do a lot, but it is not real wealth, and any attempt to sub- stitute any kind of money for any kind of wealth is highly dangerous. You can’t eat dough until it is more than half baked. Interest Question Remains. Finally, there remains the question of interest rates. This holds the whole key to economic liberty. They must be brought down to a service charge and replacement basis and made more flexible. At present most bankers are practically hypnotized by 6 per cent. Why 6 per cent? The people Who borrow money have to pay 6 per cent, but the banks don't get 6 per cent on their available money. They have large idle reserves or low-rate bonds which drag down | their earnings to around 2 per cent. And in the meantime business lacks, not “confidence,” but credit credit and many kinds of financing—includ- ing personal loans and consumption loans (installment buying)—are left in the hands of usurers and highly respectable “finance companies” which nick the public for 10, 12 and 14 per cent, if not higher. To break the power of foreign bankers in our national economy, to establish real central banking for the entire country, to resume Govern- ment control of the issuance of credit, and to drive the interest rates down and down and down—these are the long-time aims of the New Deal in banking. They will not be achieved without | & great struggle, now and in the fu- |ture, if history teaches anything about the way people behave when | privilege yields to liberty. (Copyright, 1936,) Canada’s Canals Used. Nearly 30,000 trips through Cana- | dian canals were made by ships in the last 12 months. [\ | This Changing World France to Pay Heavy Price for Morocco Support in Spanish War. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. APT.-Gen. Pranco, the new ruler of three-fourths of Spain, will assume upon his triumphal entry into Madrid the title of “Jefe,” which corresponds to the Italian Duce and the German Fuehrer. Franco has proved himself an able military leader. He real- izes, however, that the victory he has won is not a national victory; there have been very few Spaniards in his ranks. The officers, of course, were all Spaniards; but the men who fought were either Moors or fore eigners of the Morocco Foreign Le- gion; men without a country and with a shady past. The Foreign Legion is Fran- co's baby; he has created and commanded it. The men owe al- legiance normally to Spain; but in fact it is their commander in chief whom they are obeying blindly; they are willing to fight for Spain as well as against Spain. They fight for whoever pays best. Now Pranco will be called to pay his debts. and the bill will be heavy. Not only will he have to submit Spain’s national and foreign policies to the whim of Berlin and Rome, not only will he have to prepare the Spanish Morocco and the Balearic Isles as bases for the Italian and German fleets and aviation, but he will also have to keep his promise toward the Moorish chieftans who helped in time of need. In exchange for allowing the tribesmen to cross the straits and fight the Spanish government, Franco is said to have promised the heads of tribes in the Spanish Morocco a complete autonomy under the leadership of some important Moslem whom they will be free to choose. Headline Folk and What They Do James Norman Hall Sought to Werite Story of Flying, BY LEMUEL F. PARTON, IVING in two worlds, avoiding the worst features of each, is the happy expedient of James Norman Hall, as life becomes more hazardous and complicated for the rest of us. Paramount searches him out in the South Seas to write its spectacular aviation cavalcade, starting with early-day balloonists and finishing with the China Cfipper; the story of man’s new wings in one big flare of celluloid. The world beat a path to his de luxe jungle lair because he made s better nose dive than his neighbor, He and Charles Nordhoff, his -co- author of “Mutiny on the Bounty” and “Hurricane,” were crack fiyers in The repercussion of such a move in North Africa will be great and the French government is worried lest this gesture of the Spanish “Jeffe” start a general move for independence among the Arabs under French rule. * % ¥ % The Japanese are great people at imitating polices and fashions of western nations. “Keep them guessing” is a political method frequently employed in British and American policies. Now the Japanese have adopted, successfully, this slegan. The British admiralty and our Navy Department are anxious to know what the Japanese intend to do in regard to the gunnery of new battleships and also what size battleships the Tokio government is going to build. Nobody has been able to find out anything about it. Since the Jap- anese are no longer a party to the new naval agreement, they are free to build anything they like. To all the questions they have received from Washington and London as to whether they will use 14-inch or 16-inch guns on their battleships, they answered with a shrug of the shoulders and a polite smile: “We don’t know.” But they allowed to percolate through various channels the news that they intend to put on the slips in the near future a 41,000-ton capital ship. If this is true, the plans of the Navy Department and the British admiralty will be shot to pieces since we, too, will be compelled to follow Japan's example. Tokio believes that this silence regarding its future naval plans will help the government obtain important concessions from the powers inter- ested in the Pacific. * X ¥ % The British government is preparing a bang-out coronation celebration next Summer for Edward VIII and for the British merchants. The coronation of the British ruler is a most impressive pageant. In order to bring to London as many well-to-do foreigners as pos- sible—principally Americans—the British government intends to do away with the $10 visa fee for Americans who visit the United Kingdom during the coronation festivities. Mrs. Wally Simpson will also be in London and hotel managers be- lieve that her presence will be another inducement to bring hundreds of thousands of Americans to the British capital. Raussian Project Pushed. Engineers and an army of men Decorates Grave of Ex-Foe. German war graves officials hl\'e; the Lafayette Escadrille. The grateful French government said, in effect: " you can have anything you ‘The boys took an aperitif and then said they'd like a nice, quiet spot in the South Seas. The French not only arranged that, but made them chiefs of the Tahitian Kilyan tribe. They went native in a nice, sensible way, with electric fans and electric re- frigerators, run by their own plant; plumbing, copper screens and the like, all of which enhanced rather than lessened the charms of their hula-hula hide-away. Then they started whacke ing out stories and screen scripts. Mr, Hall previously had written “Kitchene er's Mob” and “High Adventure” Their typewriter plant soon began to outstrip copra in profitable island ex- ports. Last Summer Mr. Hall got as far as Boston on a trip around the world. There he got homesick, yearning for the moonlight of Papeete and the chug of his electric pump. He can- celed his steamship tickets and went home. There he lives happily, riding his 5-year-old daughter to school on the handle-bars of his bicycle, putting in a full day working shift and riding her back at night. He grew up in Colfax, Towa. I was there once, between trains, many yeays ago. There wasn't much there besicq; the depot and a mineral water plant. Naturally, the depot was the stronger lodestone, and so the boy became & rover, a dare-devil flyer and a journeye man of high romance. (Copyright, 1836.) Girl Piper Leads Scot Band. Charles Cameron, piper major for 20 years of the Cameron Highlanders, and for the last few years trainer of have started work on a Russian proj- | sent their thanks to Mrs. Tom'Hall of | the girl pipers of Dagenham, Scotland, ect to develop the natural resources Rothwell, England, who for 12 years| has a new colleague, a pipe major only of the Taimyr Peninsula, where coal, | has been placing flowers on the grave | 17, and a girl at that, of a German prisoner of war in the | Turnbull, cobalt, copper, nickel and other metals have been found. | Rothwell Cemetery. She is Edith probably the first pipe major of a regular band. ing there was an America. Today, as in 1492, everybody ...everywhere...is looking for a delicious flavor. You get it in Budweiser— an unusual, fine- beer flavor...distinctive...high- lighted with the snap of costly Saazer hops and skillful brew- ing. Look for it in no other beer,because only tastes like Budweiser. Budweiser & THIS 7¢ ‘kh DRINK >, Budweiser FOR FIVE DAYS * On the sixth dey § try to drink @ In Cans « In Bottles Order a carton for your home = NO DEPOSIT REQUIRED O%y Budweiser TASTES LIKE BUDWEISER ANHEUSER-BUSCH ST. LOUIS The Budweiser flavor—as famous as Budweiser itself — is carefully protected from anything and every- thing. Birdseed, for instance. Sun- flower seeds— which parrots love but which won’t make good beer— become mixed with barley in har- vesting. But, ingenious separators, in the Home of Budweiser, extract every one. Results— pure ingredi- ents, pure beer, pure goodness.