Evening Star Newspaper, September 5, 1936, Page 14

THE . EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER -5, 1936. BOWERS’ BOOK REVIEWS JEFFERSON ERA’S VIOLENCE <> FINDS POLITICAL HONOR RARE ‘Author Has Few Kind Words for Those Who Opposed Reforms Sought by Great Dempcrat—Dubose Heyward Novel Notably Light in Theme—Other Recent Books Reviewed. 4 By Mary Carter Roberts. JEFFERSON IN POWER. By Claude G. Bowers. Boston: Houghton- . Mifflin Co. T SEEMS likely that readers of this book are going to experience some puzzlement over its title. “Jeffer- son in Power,” Mr. Bowers has named it, and the phrase certainly implies that the work will be in sub- stance an account of Jeflerson as Chief Executive. However, it is no such thing. Instead, it is a racy ac- count of the congressional battles whieh enlivened the great Democrat’s two administrations, told in consid- erable detail and used to demonstrate the fact that Jefferson in his day was the object of bitter partisan hatred. There is little of Jefferson himself in it. He remains behind the scenes, as if Mr. Bowers, who avowed- ly venerates him, considered him too Olympian a figure to strut upon the stage with the embattled Federalists and Democrats of the story. - Beginning with Jefferson’s first ad- ministration, he gives us successively accounts of what he considers to have been the great issue before each ses- sion of Congress. Thus we have the story of the abandonment of intergal taxes, the repeal of the judiciary act, the negotiations leading up to the Louisiana Purchase, the Federalist disunion plots, the Florida negotia- tions, the Burr conspiracy, the Yazoo frauds, the controversy with England over the impressment of our seamen, and the embargo and non-importation acts. These are related with vivacity and are highly readable. But few readers will be able to escape the impression that the point of Mr. Bowers’ narra- tive in every case is not to interpret the part played by Jeferson, either in genesis or execution, but to demon- strate with what bitterness and un- ecrupulousness he was opposed. The book is more of an examination into the wickedness of Federal tactics (for | the author makes clear that, with few exceptions, he rates Jefferson’s oppo- nents as lacking in political morals, honor or patriotism) than it is a de- Claude Bowers, author of “Jefferson in Power.” posed him. Capital oposed him. The resent work is substantially an ac- count of the machinations of these enemies. | To be sure, there are summings up from time to time of the benefits .which Jefferson’s administration brought to the people. He reduced taxes. He increased the Treasury sur- plus. He cut down the national debt. He planned a vast system of internal improvements which were to be self- liquidating and for the public bene- fit. He encouraged small manufactur- ers and small business men. The country enjoyed an unprecedented prosperity under him. He opposed great armaments and undertook to substitute trade restrictions for war. In all of these, in the youth of our country, he was innovator. Mr. Bowers' work, however, merely mentions such points as established | facts. It offers little analysis of Jef- ferson’s underlying philospohy of gov- ernment. It offers little in interpreta- tion of the President’s acts. It merely lineation of Jefferson's philosophy of government. If the title were changed to “Enemies of Jefferson in Power” the contents would be much more exactly described than they are at present. Taking up the various leaders of the Federalist party, Mr. Bowers visits on.them scorn and contumely with a lavish hand. Hamilton he holds re- sponsible for formulating a hypocriti- cal plot designed to arouse popular hatred of the President on the repre- sentation that Jefferson wished to de- stroy religion and the Constitution. That these are the perennial alarms of any attacking party, Mr. Bowers insists with plentiful irony. He plain- ly disbelieves in Hamilton's sincerity; he relates his intention to use the re- ligious and constitutional issues as wholly political. It is only in Hamil- fon's latter days, when he rejected disunion and expressed agreement with Jefferson on certain points, such as the Louisiana Purchase, that Mr. Bowers will concede the Federalist . leader elementary sincerity in his political attitude. And not only Ham- {lton, but all Federalists, he feels, were animated by partisan motives to which they were willing to sacrifice the welfare and even the existence of the American Nation. + John Marshall is another eminent figure who comes in for bitter re- proach. Marshall did not hesitate to use his position on the bench to further the aims of his party—he was, says Mr. Bowers, “the fairest and wisest of jurists, but in cases of a political nature the politician on the bench—and he was a constant and eonsummate politician—was glaringly revealed.” Josiah Quincy, Fisher Ames, Gou- werneur Morris, Timothy Pickering— these are other Federalists whom the suthor rates not merely as opponents of the Democratic party and its leader, but as partisans so bitter that treason was a commonplace in their minds during the Jeffersonian era. John Quincy Adams he finds an hon- orable man—but, he points. out, Adams frequently defied his party in order to agree with Jefferson, Going among the ranks of the Democrats themselves, Mr. Bowers considers those of Jefferson’s own party who took issue with him. These he dismisses as merely unfortunate— Randolph, Macon, Varnum, and, for & while, James Monroe. Plainly it is a book written in a spirit of complete adulation. Yet, contrary to logical expectation in such a work, it contrives to be not only interesting but respect-worthy. Lash- ing ghosts must always be a curious occupation; lashing the ghosts of John Randolph, John Marshall, Alex- ander Hamilton and Gouverneur Mor- ris is one which will hardly add to Jefferson’s great stature; he, himself, was always tolerant and generous toward his opponents. Yet Mr: Bowers’ bias is too uncomplicated to weigh heavily against a good estimate of his book. Once it is discounted the vol- ume reveals a great deal of excellent material. The accounts of the de- bates, the strategies, the behind-scene maneuvering of our early statesmen are highly entertaining. And the picture of the gossipy background ©of Washington society is first-rate. Yet, making this statement, the re- viewer cannot but be aware that the implication will be displeasing to the author. He has not written with the intention of having his bitter- ness against the anti-Jeffersonians discounted; he has not aimed at mak- ing an amusing volume for ironists to smile over. There is passion in his sssaults on the dead Federalists. It is unmistakable. Why? one wonders, Thomas Jeffer- son is no martyr. He was a great and sugust genius, whose own day and generation accorded him the highest honors it had to bestow and whose memory is still peerless. Are we to read into Mr. Bowers’ story the moral that the Good are remembered and the Bad forgotten? He seems, at times, #s naive as that. But, if so, why not let forgetfulness stand? Can there be any possible reason for resurrecting the memory of the opposition endured by the first Democratic President—at this particular time? The question is Jegitimate, for it is one which must Suggest itself to most sophisticated feaders. Jefferson’s enemies accused him of trying to destroy the Constitution. They charged him with frivolous ex- perimentation in new governmental philosophies. The unr!” Court op- mentions them, and plunges at once | into the manner of their reception by | his enemies. With these enemies tak- | ing so prominent a place in the work, | one may perhaps reiterate the sugges- | tion that they deserve mention in | the title. Although they take their | color wholly from their attitude to- ward the great Democrat, they are made to rank in the book much more bulkily than he. LOST MORNING. By Du Bose Hey- ward, New York: Farrar & Rine- hart. 'HE author of “Porgy” writes here a literate but unremarkable novel about an artist and his struggle with his artistic conscience, his wife and his secretary. It could have been conceived by any earnest sophomore and executed by any intelligent senior. But Mr. Heyward seems to take it all very seriously. MOUNTAIN CATTLE. Kidder Rak. Mifflin Co. 'HE author of “A Cowman's Wife" continues here her lively account of life in a Western cattle camp. Her adventures are racy and her manner of recounting them is in kind. She writes of being snowbound, of hunting a pasture, of such technicalities as “juicin’” the cow. She writes of wolf tracks and what they mean in a cattleman’s life. She writes of the By she writes of the cattle. Her book is not exactly drawing-room drama, but the reviewer enjoyed it. SAM BASS. By Wayne Gard. Bos- ton: Houghton Mifflin Co. 'HIS is the life of Sam Bass, the outlaw of ballad fame, who robbed the Union Pacific and baffled the ‘Texas Rangers for a longer time than they care to tell. It is told with con- siderable detail, and brings into its adventurous pages more desperadoes than the hero. It is the story of one who was, perhaps, a typical “bad man”—a robber who still had a code of his own, who defled capture until he was betrayed, who refused to name Mary | Boston: Houghton | characters of the cattle camp. And | his confederates when caught and who became in time a sort of modern Robin Hood. It makes good of itself and throws: incidental light on the settling of the Southwest, VILLAGE CHRONICLE. By James McConnaughey. New York: Parrar & Rinehart ’I‘HXS book, & selection of the * “Discoverers,” who, in plain terms, are a branch of Farrar & Rinehart devoted to bringing out first novels, has been well criticized, but, for thosg indefinable causes known to reviewers, has lingered on the present writer’s shelf until the first fine fervor of its reception has died down. It seems, says; it tells of the trials and com- pensations of small-town existence in the “human,” rather than the “realist” vein. Does that not say enough? Its writer has a smooth, unnotable style and seems a bright youug man who will frequently be bringing out books on popular literary themes. BURNING CITY. By Stephen Vin- cent Benet. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 'HIS is & bock of best-selling poems, now some time off the press. It is above the level of much accepted verse, below the level of fine poetry and quite readable. All the work is new, having been written since the publication of “John Brown's Body,” the publisher informs us. PASCHA THE PERSIAN. By Mar- garet Linden. With Illustrations by Milt Gross. New York: Claude Kendall. THIS is the tale of an aristocratic Persian cat who fell in with a hobo feline from Second avenue, and came upon many strange adventures thereby. While the humor is not utterly unpredictable, the work is amusing, and Milt Gross' pictures are pleasantly absurd. Cat lovers of course will like it, but it is intended for a wider public. STRONG POISON AND HAVE HIS CARCASS. By Dorothy L. Sayers. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co. A DOUBLE dose of sudden death, published in this country to ap- pease the appetites of those who read this author’s best-selling “Gaudy Night.” The same detective novel- writing female, ably abetted by the same dilletante detective lordling, ca- vorts through the pages and, with the aid of a super-educated “gentleman’s gentleman” and a whole harem full of decayed gentlewomen, they solve a couple of mysteries that are not so very mysterious after all. On the whole, these stories are not | bad reading for those who like that sort of thing. They will help pass the evening and won't produce either brainstorms or nightmares. GOD IS MY ADVENTURE. By Rom Landau. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 'HIS work is subtitled, “A book on modern mystics, masters and teachers” and its author further ex- plains in his preface that it is a con- fession of adventure and the story of his “friendships with the men whom future generations may call the prophets of our time” The reader, naturally interested, then learns that these men are Count Keyserling, Stefan George, Rudolf Steiner, Krish- namurti, Shri Meher Baba, George Jeffreys, Frank Buchman, P. D. Ouspensky and Gurdjieff. Proceeding further the reader is likely to decide that the book has been badly named. For, while it is ostensibly an account of the philoso- phies of each of these men, it contains more than a mere exposition of faiths. It is a pretty fair resume of the spirit- ual world as it is today, outside the limits of he established religions. Mr. | Landau has gone into those branches of spirituality where he feels that there is living progress, even when he mis- trusts that progress. It is in this sense that he takes his title—his “ad- venture” has been to search out the makers of new avenues to God, of whatever quality. PUBLIC LIBRARY POWER. HE third World Power Confer- ence opens in Washington on September 7. It will be one of the largest and most im- portant conferences held in the Capi- tal for many years. Subjects of the greatest international importance will be reviewed. Following the program of the conference the Public Library presents a list of books on the more important matters before the group. This listing represents only & small part of the works on power and allied subjects in the Public Library. The advisers in the technology division and at the information desk will be glad to assist in locating other books or works of a similar nature. Power Resources. THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF POWER PRODUCTION, by Fred Henderson. 1932. HE.H38. TECHNICS AND CIVILIZATION, by Lewis Mumford. 1934. R.M916. THE POWER AGE; Its Quest and Challenge, by W. N. Polakov. 1933. T.PT75. THE STORY OF ENERGY, by Mor- ton Mott-Smith. 1934. T.M853. Petroleum and Coal Resources. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INDUS- TRY; a Survey of the Present Posi- tion of the Petroleum Industry and Its Outlook Toward the Future. American _ Petroleum Institute. 1935. .Am3am. WE FIGHT FOR OIL, by Ludwell Denny. 1928. HEPE.DA42. OIL IMPERIALISM; the Interna- tional Struggle for Petroleum, by Louls Fischer. 1926, HEPEF52. OIL AND PEACE, by L. V. Gibbs. 1929. HEPE.G35. 'THE SECRET WAR, by F. C. Hani- ghen, 1934. HEPEH2. THE COAL INDUSTRY OF THE WORLD WITH REF- . 1930, 3 ‘THE OIL WAR, by Anton Mohr. -1926. HEPE.M720. : A survey of American, Dutch, Rus- sian, German, French and British holdings and ambitions. i PETROLEUM AND COAL; the Keys A to the Future, by W. T. Thom, jr. 1929. REPE.T33. OIL, Its Conservation and Waste, by J. H. Westcott. 1930. HEPE.W52. INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN PE- TROLEUM AND ITS PRODUCTS. United States Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. (De- partment of Commerce.) 1929. HEPE.Un34. Electric Power. AMERICA’S STRUGGLE FOR ELEC- TRIC POWER, by John Bauer. 1935. HIL.B328. THE PROMISE OF FOWER, by Stuart Chase. 1933. TE.C38. THE CHANGING CHARACTER AND EXTENT OF MUNICIPAL OWN- ERSHIP IN THE ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER INDUSTRY, by H. B. Doran. 1929. JWO.D72. MEN, MONEY AND MERGERS, With Tllustrations Drawn from the Elec- tric Power Industry, by G. L. Hoxie. 1932. JAO.H85. GOVERNMENT (POLITICAL) OWN- ERSHIP AND OPERATION AND THE ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER INDUSTRY. National Brief Reviews of Books on Various Topics THE SIXTH OF OCTOBER. By Rob- ert Hichens. Garden City:' Dou- bleday Doran. hxmnn-' intrigue in society Lon- Non-Fiction. WAS COLREGE WORTH WHILE? By John R. Tunis. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co. A survey of the csreers of the 500 mmmmm !r:,m\r- vard in 1911 In as informa- tion, but somehow inconclusive. STRANGE SHELLS AND THEIR By A. Hyatt Verrill Boston: L. C. Page Co. not only understandable but absorb- ing to the layman. KNOWING THE BIBLE By Ray- mond C. Knox. New York: The | THE Macmillan Co. A new edition of s guide book to biblical study by the chaplain of Co- lumbia University. 4 English mhfln‘nudd Thomas Jeflerson, from an illustration in “Jeflerson in Power,” by Claude G. Bowers. Houghton-Mifflin Co. rill Co. Electric Light Association. 1928. JWO.N216g. POWER AND THE PUBLIC, ed. by | E. M. Patterson. 1932. HL.Am36p. | Papers on public and private owner- ship of utilities, and our electrical future. POWER CONTROL. by H. S. Raush- enbush and H. W. Llldler’ 1928. HL.R19p. THE POWER FIGHT, by Stephen Raushenbush. 1932. HL.R19po. Water Power. WATER SUPPLY AND UTILIZA- TION; an Outline of Hydrology From the Viewpoint of the Arid Section of the United States, To- gether With an Outline of Water Law and Its Administration, as It Has Developed in the Arid States, by D. M. Baker and Harold Conk- ling. 1930. MJ.B173w. UTILITIES AND UNIVERSAL PROS- PERITY, by J. M. Bruce. 1929. HL.B834. POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUC- TION IN THE UNITED STATES; papers by C. R. Daugherty, A. H. Horton and R. W. Davenport. 1928. T.D26p. REPORT OF THE AMERICAN SEC- TION OF THE INTERNATIONAL WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO. Inter- national Water Commissien. 1930. HE.In8. THE ECONOMICS OF WATER POWER DEVELOPMENT, by W. H. Voskuil. 1928. HES3.V92, AMERICA'S GREATEST DAM, MUSCLE SHOALS, ALABAMA; Description and Pictorial Illustra- tion of Muscle Shoals, by W. B. ‘West. 1925, TE.W52. Public Utilities. POWER ETHICS; an Analysis of the Activities of the Public Utilities in the United States, Based on 8 Study of the United States Federal Trade Commission Records, by “Jack Levin. 1931. HL.L57. ELECTRICAL UNTILITIES; the Crisis in Public Control, ed. by W. E. Mosher. 1929. HL.M854. PUBLIC UTILITY REGULATION, by W. E. Mpsher and F. G, Crawford. 1933. HL.M854p. PUBLIC UTILITIES AND THE PEOPLE, by W. A. Prendergast. 1933. HL.P92. PUBLIC UTILITIES AND THE PEOPLE, by H, M. Robinson. 1932. HL.R56. Natural Resources. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RE- LATIONS; 3 Treatise on World Economy and World Politics, by John Donaldson. 1928. HC.D716L Fiction. SMOKING ALTARS. By Gladys St. John Loe. New York: Claude Kendall. Englishmen in fomantic exile in Africa. YOU NEVER CAN TELL. By Elisa- beth Sears. New York: Green Cir- cle Books. Lovely young woman mixed up in tangled-identity case. SACHIM A charming work of natural science | LEADING LADY. By Ruth Mills. son. New York: New York: Claude Mystery of & leading lady’s death chureh: - BLOODHOUNDS' BAY. By ‘Walter 8. Masterman. New York: E. P. Dutton Co,, baronet's murder n made From the end papers of “The Honourable Company,” by Douglas MacKay. The Bobbs-Mer= LAND PLANNING, by L. C. Gray. 1936. HX.GT79. REGIONAL FACTORS IN NA- TIONAL PLANNING AND DE- VELOPMENT. United States Na- tional Resources Committee. 1935. HC83.Un364. AMERICA'S CAPACITY TO PRO- DUCE, by E. G. Nourse and asso- ciates. 1934. HE83.N857am. CONSERVATION OF OUR NAT- URAL RESOURCES, Based on Van Hise's The Conservation of | Natural Resources in the United States, by Loomis Havemeyer and G. A. Roush, F. H. Newell and others. 1930. HE83.V3l4c. THE PRICE OF PEACE; the Chal- lenge of Economic Nationalism, by F. H. Simonds and Brooks Emeny. 1935. HC.Si54. WORLD RESOURCES AND INDUS- TRIES; a Punctional Appraisal of the Availability of Agricultural and Industrial Resources, by E. W. Zimmerman. 1933. HKG.Z6. Rural Electrification. HARVESTS AND HIGHLINES. Mid- dle West Utilities Co. 1930. ‘TGU.M58. RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, by J. P. Schaenzer. 1935. TGU.8ch22. ELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT AS AN AID TO AGRICULTURE, by G. E. Tripp. 1926, TGU.T736e. National Planning. ECONOMICS OF PLANNING, PRIN- CIPLES AND PRACTICE, by H. R. Burrows and J. K. Horsefleld. 1935. HC.B946. FROM PROTECTIONISM THROUGH PLANNED ECONOMY TO DIC- TATORSHIP, by Gustav Cassel. 1934. JXAR.7In8. v.24. READINGS IN ECONOMIC PLAN- NING; the Backgrounds, the De- tails, the Tendencies in All Kinds of Planning, Left and Right, by .J. G. Frederick. 1932. HC.F873r. THE NEW INTERNATIONALISM, by Clark Foreman. 1935. JAJ.F76. WORLD REORGANIZATION ON CORPORATIVE LINES, by Giu- seppe de Michelis, 1935. HC.M583. NATIONAL AND WORLD PLAN- NING, ed. by E. M. Patterson. 1932. HC.Am3Tn. TOWARD A PLANNED ECONOMY, by Sir J. A. Salter. 1933, HC.Sa38t. A PLANNED SOCIETY, by George Soule. 1932. HC83.8085. ON ECONOMIC PLANNING; Papers Delivered at the Regional Study Conference of the International In- dustrial Relations Institute (IRI) New York, November 23-27, 1934. Edited by Mary Van Kleeck and M. L. Fledderus. 1935. HC83.In770. Juveniles. GHOSTS AND GOBLINS. By Wil- helmina Harper. New York: E. P. Dutton Go. mlkvn’unulutwmn‘{qnfi. . BIRD. Gertrude Robin- P. Dutton Co. TEENY GAL. By Charlie May Si- mon. New York: E. P. Dutton Co. Childhood on a houseboat. STORIES TO SHORTEN THE ROAD. By Effie Power, New York: E. P. Dutton Oo, * YESTERDAY’S MAGAZINES LIVE It Is a Large and Varied Audience Which Patronizes Shops That -Deal in Second-i-land Periodical Literature—“Pulps” Have a Huge Following Always By Vesta Cummings. HREE Esquire magazines for & quarter— A 8Six Cosmopolitans for the same ‘The “Book of the Republican Na- tional Convention,” which sold at Cleveland for $2.50, for 10 cents— ‘These are some of the figures quoted at Washington’s second-hand magazine shops, where the man who cannot afford the current price for his printed escapes and dreams, the collector looking for old issues of periodicals and the technical or pro- fessional student with a limited budget find publications after they are dated on newsstands by later issues. Occasionally magazines are on sale second-hand while still current, ac- cording to Jack Friend, who has sold magazines and books in the Capital ever since he was 10 years old. Some- times subscribers finish reading new issues the day they are out, Priend says, and rush them to his shop for sale. But he never gets enough week- lies or monthlies to supply the demand before the next issue is published. Friend doesn’t regard his shop as competition to regular dealers. He | never advertises, he says, because per- sons willing to go out of their way to save small sums eventually hear of second-hand magazine shops anyway. | They wouldn’t in-any case be patron- | izing stands where only current num- | bers are sold for specified prices, he says, or expect to find back issues | there. “You'd be surprised the people who come here,” Friend said, when asked | about the patrons of his shop. “A| little boy vsed to drive up in a 16- | cylinder car with a chauffeur and buy | stacks of my ‘penny dreadful’ maga- | zines. It seems his father is a Sen- ator or a Representative and likes reading adventure stories while re- | laxing. “WHEN he ran across a continued | story he liked he'd send the | boy down to get the rest of the story. People are always coming in to find early installments of continued fic- tion that has taken their fancy.” Indeed, the second-hand magazine shop customers are various. A hat- less young woman enters with a baby in her arms and gives a quarter for a half dozen movie publications. A dignified, gray-haired woman—prob- ably & school teacher—asks for back numbers of Readers’ Digest. A man looking for a 1936 World Almanac compromises on a 1934 issue—90 per cent the same in content, he is told— and pays & dime. A well-dressed eld- erly gentleman seeks issues of Hos- pital magazine, and & youth with a traveling pack on his shoulders searches among tall piles for publi- cations of interest to stamp collectors. Esquire leads all magazines selling three for a quarter on the second- hand market, according to Friend. “They go like hot cakes,” he says. Cosmopolitan and Good Housekeep- ing sell best in the six-for-a-quarter class, but all the smooth-paper periodicals are outclassed by the “wood pulps” specializing on adven- ture, mystery and love. Fortune sells for 25 cents, while National Geographics are three for a quarter. Priend says the second-hand maga- zine business has been booming in the last six or eight years. Before then he kept a few numbers in the back of his book shop to accommo- date old customers, but the demand grew to such an extent that the magazine trade is now more flour- ishing. The magazines aren't catalogued. Customers browse about picking up what they want or seek the assist- ance of a clerk. “I’ couldn't sell magazines for these prices if I had to pay for cata- loguing,” Priend says. “I understand Fifteen stories of heroes and hero- ines of faraway lands. A WORLD OF OUR OWN. By Mary Graham Bonner. New York: E. P. Dutton Co. = ‘Childrent imagining their own world in the open country surrounding the town where they live. PABLO'S PIPE. By FPrances Eliot. New York: E. P. Dutton Co. Mexican boy story. COPPA, HAMBA. By Blanche Ash- ley Ambrose. New York: Sutton- house. 9 Indian boy story. JOSEPH HAYDN. By Opan- Wheeler and Sybil Seucher. New York: E. P, Dutton Co. that there is a second-hand magazine store in New York eight stories high and occupying a block, but when you ask for a specific back issue there they, charge plenty, I am told.” Priend charges $1 for the first issue of Esquire, which is rare and in de- mand, and 25 cents for original issties of Readers’' Digest. He says he heard of some one paying $3,000 for the first Esquire, but he doubts the story. A few old National Geographics contain- ing pictures of special iriterest are in- creasing in value rapidly, he says. At his shop these issues sell for $2. I!‘ FRIEND had enough storage space | 10 keep everything, some of the stuff he handles might be valuable years from now, he says, but as it is he sells piles of discarded fiction to paper com- Ppanies regularly. A magazine exchange conducted by‘ the shop is gaining in popularity, no | cash being involved. Bring in three magazines and take one away, is the | system. Some magazines acceptable for exchange must be dated within two months, and news magazines such as Time and weeklies like Saturday Eve- ning Post and Liberty must be dated | within four weeks. Other types of magazines of any date are good for ex- change. REFUGEES (Continued Prom Page B-1.) you find your friend here in Wash- ington®” “Sure!” came the reply. “How would you go about it if he were lost in the city?” queried Mr. Hengstler. “Pirst I would call up the princi- pal hotels——" | “But there are any number of ho- | tels in the city and if you did not | know at which particular one your | friend was stopping, which one would | you know to call? And besides, your friend might not be stopping at a hotel. He might be at a boarding | house somewhere in the city, of which there are a great number and not all | listed as such. Or he might be with | some friend in the city. In that case it would be rather a difficult task, don’t you think, to find your friend?” ‘Thinking it over. the irate indi- vidual admitted it might be “harder | than he thought.” I And then Mr. Hengstler shot home: “And you are asking me to find an | individual in Germany—an empire, not a city—and to do it quickly.” | His caller saw the point and retired from the scene. Pathetic cases come before Mr. | Hengstler, but, as he say: u must not let them wring your heart.” They | are cases where boys are lost abroad, | stranded, possibly in some minor | trouble, without funds. He recalls the instance of two brothers who pre- | sented such a dilemma. They tore| at the heartstrings, for they were unfgrtunate—arrested for vagrancy. One of these, by private subscnpuon,\ Mr. Hegstler got home. The other is waiting for funds to be collected | through the generosity of Americans, | at the instance of Mr. Hengstler, be- | fore he returns. | There are certain definite rules that | should be followed by all Americans traveling abroad, says Mr. Hengstler. | At the outbreak of any trouble, he | suggests, every American in the coun- | try affected should get in touch with the nearest American Consul and | register. Further than this, all Amer- | icans staying abroad six months or more should do the same. They | should also leave the names of friends | at home and relatives so as to make communication easy. A good de-| scription of themselves sghould also‘[ be given and, in case of travelers, | the next destination in mind. SOME of those traveling in Spnin: have been impossible to trace up | to the present time because they did | not follow this simple procedure. They are in the interior, in very small i places, especially in the northern provinces. One, a relative of promi- | nent persons in the United States, has | been the object of a wide and inten- | sive search by the Foreign Service Ad- | ministration for weeks. Every Consul | in Spain and a number in France | have been telegraphed regarding this | missing individual. At the outbreak of the Spanish | trouble 407 Americans were registered | in Madrid alone. Many of these had | never been registered before. Of this | number 249 have been evacuated. ‘There still remain in the city some 150 Americans. The Government of the United States takes care of its own nationals only in case of foreign trouble. To date, many requests have come in to the State Department to look after relatives of Americans in Spain who | are Spanish subjects. “This cannot be done” says Mr. Hengstler, “for several reasons. In the first place, they are not citizens of the United States. They are na- tionals of the country in which the | trouble exists. them.” | Furthermore, for the United States Government to interest itself in for- eigners in their home country at war would be to invite disaster upon itself. Especially where civil war is concerned. It would lay itself open to the charge of playing favorites. There would be, also, no way of telling what disposi- tion would be made of funds sent these relatives by folks in America. They could go to replenish factional war chests, as well as supply the needs of those for whom they were intended. A great many persons cannot under- stand why their relatives abroad, not American citizens, cannot be made | charges of the United States. They do not stop to think that it would not be proper, even if the Government had—which it has not—the time and facilities to take care of them. ‘The Foreign Service Administration has & personnel of about 50. This does not include stenographers from the stenographic pool of the State De- partment. When Mr. Hengstler came to the service 38 years ago as & clerk there were only six persons on the staff. Then it was called the consular service. It existed alongside another calléd the diplomatic service.” In 1924, under the Rogers act, these two serv- ices were merged into the present serv- ice and Mr. Hengstler, then head of the consular serfice, was made head of the merged service. He has seen the ‘We have no care of Children’s. life Daser. : of the great com- consular and diplomatic service grow from a political plum tree into & career L} Although Friend has no title catse logue, he has an index of pictures printed in National Geographic for school children who are asked to make illustrated note books for their classes. Ask for a photo of an auk and Priend can produce one in a moment. Sometimes hobby followers, such as members of ship model building clubs, look through hundreds of old maga- zines seeking such things as pictures of a particular kind of vessel. SECOND-HAND magazine shops, it seems, are of use to many persons other than those who merely want to keep their reading budget low. Authors sometimes search for old issues con- taining articles or stories they have published, Friend says, and an adver- tising man came in not long ago and went through 6-foot stacks of period- jcals until he found a picture of a man sitting in a chair that was just what he wanted. Friend gets his stocks from custom- ers, distributors and patrons of his magazine exchange, and all sorts of readers have him watching for copies they need to complete sets, collectors being more interested in preserving Portune, Esquire, the New Yorker, Readers’ Digest and National Geo- graphic than other publications. OF WAR tree—a service based upon knowledge and the performance of duties. 'HE protection afforded Americans abroad by the Foreign Service Administration is a natural one of the State Department. Up until 1914 there were not many occasions for the exercise of its welfare program. There ‘was the Messina earthquake, in which the American Consul was killed, and other small disorders and disasters. But it was the World War which gave the service its greatest impetus. On the Sunday following the out- break of the war, in August, 1914, Mr Hengstler thought that he would come down to his office just to see if there was anything he could do. Was there? He found about 50 persons outside his door waiting for him to unlock it and find out something about their rela- tives in Germany. _ The next morning there was a mill- ing crowd in the corridors of the State Department—so thick and so insistent | that he thought he would never get to his office. And from there the work started. In one day he took on all the stenographers that all the stenographic schools in Washington could supply. “Hengstler's Harem,” his office was facetiously called, be- cause of the 200 or more girls who overflowed it. Eventually he was to care for over 150,000 Americans out of a total of 300,000 traveling in Europe at the time of the war’s outbreak. In three days he forwarded over $300,000 to stranded Americans. One of the incidents of these wild days that Mr. Hengstler likes to re- call is that of going out into the cor- ridor one day and seeing a face at a typewriter that he thought looked fa- miliar. It was that of Nelson John- son, now Ambassador to China, then Consul General at Chungking. He had dropped it for a visit to the State De- partment. on leave, and, noticing needed work to be done, proceeded to assume some of it. N ADDITION to looking up your relatives in war-afflicted countries the Foreign Service Department will see that they get needed funds from you, if necessary. But, as a rule, this is not a service extended. The serv- ice will do it only when the banks of that country are not functioning. If the regular banking channels for the sending of money to friends and rel- atives abroad are open, the service refuses. In those cases where money is sent the procedure is as follows: Deposit is made with the State De- partment of the amount wished sent The Consul abroad is then instructed to draw on this amount and pay the proceeds to the individual for whom it is designated. In cases where the service looks after persons abroad the expense of telegrams and cables is borne by the interested parties. The service has no funds for this purpose. But it does telegraph now a list of names to the Consuls daily of those about whom in- quiry is made. This saves personal messages, if one so desires. Inquiry is also made by mail without cost to you. Today passports are required of every traveler going abroad. Prior to 1914 this was not the rule. Because | of this it was very hard those days to trace an individual lost, strayed or stolen abroad. Now it is much easier. | Even criminals are “looked up,” both | for the Government and the Statp | governments. One of the great difficulties in searching out traveling Americans abroad in times of trouble is the mul- tiplicity of requests—or rather dupli- cations. Aside from the direct rel- ative or friend are the requests af Representatives, Senators and othg public officials. The idea is that the more pressure brought to bear on the Foreign Service Department—Ilike the regular departments where a political job is concerned—the more likely are results to be had. One request will get results just a quick as a multi- plicity—in fact, quicker results—for 8 multiplicity of requests about one in- dividual tends to confusion, whereai one request does not. “Another secret of our success" says Mr. Hengstler, is thay “we don let our problems worry us. Do tha best you can to help and don't per- mit yourself to get worked up ovel some pathetic case.” - And his fresh, buoyant manner after 38 years of caring for distressed Anericans abroad, bears out the wis dora of his philosophy. . Hobson’s Choice. The expression “Hobson's choite™ in- dicates no choice at all. The chooser, i always jockeyed into a position which he believes he is exercising The expression goes back to the days of Tobias Hobson, the first mas in England to operate a livery stable A traveler desiring a horse was tol to take his pick of the 40 or so by Hobson, but when the over almost invariably it was nearest the doér which was Hence the expression. 4