Evening Star Newspaper, October 12, 1935, Page 3

ALL ARMS EXPORTS T0 BE SCRUTINIZED Customs Agents in Even Neutral Nations to Aid in U. S. Check-up. By the Associated Press. Customs officials said today that any large munitions shipments which may be made to neutral countries while Italy and Ethiopia are at war will be scrutinized most carefuly. They pointed out that the Customs Bureau has agents in European cen- ters who could assist in determining whether such exports were legitimate or destined for reshipment to the bel- ligerents in violation of the embargo imposed by President Roosevelt. There also is a possibility, it was said, that informers in this country might receive substantial compensa- tion for any embargo violations they may detect. The Italo-Ethiopian war continued today to arouse much interest among those few legislators who are in Washington. One leader, Chairman McReynolds of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, saw a possibility that other European nations might conceivably be drawn into the con- flict. Neutral Stand Seen. McReynolds was emphatic, however, in predicting that this Nation will maintain a firm neutral stand re- gardless of what happens abroad. He said he did not think the League of Nation’s stand in permit- ting arms shipments to Ethiopia | while denying them to Italy should affect this country's position. Private informers for years have aided the Government in uncovering evasions of the customs laws. They receive one-fourth of the money or of the value of the property recovesed as a result of their tips against cus- toms and navigation laws violators. Compensation is limited to $50,000 in a single case. Part of Navigation Laws. Though attorneys for the Customs Bureau have not yet made a detailed | study of the question, they expressed the opinion offhand that the arms | embargo would be considered a part | of the country’s navigation laws and | that informers, therefore, wouid “e entitled to compensation for seizures which they may bring about under it. As for non-military trade with tne belligerents, which is not barred under the American neutrality policy. re- ports to the Commerce Departrient indicated that in most cases bauking houses which make a business of financing such business are deciining to grant credits for Italian purchases ©of American goods. In an interview, hLe replied nega- tively to a question as to whether this Nation should alter :ts policy of ban- ning shipments to both countries. “I don’t think the League's action will affect our neutrality policy,” he #aid, “but it may have an effect on other nations in Europe. “Suppose a nation should try to| ship to Italy, and should be prevented | by the League—then that nation might easily become involved. “It looks like the League is in earn- est and that it is going to enforce its order. When it does, it is hard to| tell what might occur—anything | might happen.” Gas (Continued From First Page.) gitions on the Jijiga road, where a great fight looms. In his interview with this corre- spondent, the governor of Harar talked freely for the first time since the Italo-Ethiopian crisis arose. “The Italians are not soldiers,” he said. “They cannot fight like our | people. They are fantastic and dis- gusting. Our men at Gorahai during ‘the gassing felt like chained prisoners. One of them told me, What could we do, my lord! There we stood, like prisoners, yes, liek those prisoners you are freeing now. Yes, my lord, we stood as if in chains while this thick yellow substance rolled around | us, clinging to the brush and burning | our feet. I had a gas mask, so it did not get into my lungs, but the irregu- Jars and mountain lads had to flee at the first touch of gas.' ” Awaiting Report on Gas. ‘The Governor is awaiting a report @s to the composition of the gas. His own unfamiliarity with gas war- fare was shown in his perfect willing- ness to admit his ignorance of chem- dcals. “I don’t know about such inhuman things as gas warfare,” he said, “so how can I tell you what composed the gas? I come from a nation and a race of great fighters, but we are not 80 fantastic and cruel.” From the Governor’s description, this observer would conclude that the Italians are using a new gas, com- bining the properties of both phos- gene gas and mustard gas. This correspondent was confident that the Ethiopian lines at Gorahai would be because the terrain is unsuit- able for air bombing where the bush presents no target. As the rumor spreads about the se of gas at Gorahal, Harar is being deserted by the civilian population. {Copyright. 1035, by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.. and Fox Movie- tone News.)' COURSE IS COMPULSORY SPOKANE, Wash., October 12 (#).— A flunk in this course might have serious effects. The West Valley High School has added a course in automobile driving to its curriculum, compulsory for all freshmen and sophomores. SPECIAL NOTICES. 'S MOVING LOADS AND PART P {la. and New " " CB ;Hi.DAV nN"l’:IAN ISFER & 'IORAO‘ CO.._phone Decatur_2500. mfl—flAND AND GRAVEL MIXTURE, .able for roadways, rough concrete. fill. g‘en free at LAMOND TERRA COTTA 'ORKS. Blair rd. and Underwood st. n.w. A DEAL FUNERAL AT §75 Apples—Sweet Cider. ROCKVILLE FRUIT FARM. Drive to Rockville. Md., two blocks wtsl t Court House. then one mile out road to CHAMBERS & ome of e Torasst the mnl’lfi Complete runerals. o X chapels, Nulm nu'ln arses lnd wenty-five TS 400 Chapin e s U E Sweet Cider—Apples. At Quaint Acres. mflol‘ filtered clder !rcm sound, cle ?’m sitver flr'\u-c'ofln%m (RBi 5 miles from the THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1935. Ttalian Envoy’s Stronghold Against Eviction The Italian Legation in Addis Ababa, in which the minister, Luigi Vinci-Gigliucel and his military aide barricaded themselves to avoid being forced to leave the country, the minister’s private bodyguard. NORTH AND SOUTH PAY LEE TRIBUTE |Family Home at Stratford Is Dedicated as Na- tional Shrine. Representatives of the North and South met today in the little Virginia town of Stratford, lying on the banks of the Potomac River in Westmore- land County, to dedicate the home of the Lee family as a national shrine. Stratford Hall, birthplace of Gen. Robert E. Lee, his father, "L:xht Horse Harry” Lee, and other patriots of the American Revolution, was pur- chased by the Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation, Inc., with $500,000 raised | by popular subscripticn in 44 States | and several foreign countries. The house and surrounding plan- tation have been restored in minute | detail to their original state, and will | be maintained by the breeding of thoroughbred horses, an industry fol- lowed at Stratford while thé Lees were its owners. The ceremonies today will mark the final payment of the purchase price by the foundation, which will take | title to the property. On the dedication program are Douglas S. Freeman, Richmond editor and author of the Pulitzer prize-win- ning biography of the great Confed- | erate leader; Gov. George C. Perry of | Virginia, Rev. Giles B. Cooke, last liv- ing member of Gen. Lee's staff, and | "o ‘qrama when First Secretary F.| Rev. H. St. George Tucker, Episcopal Bishop of Virginia. President Roose- velt has sent a message to be read at the dedication. Mr. Freeman was to make the dedicatory address at 2:30 o'clock. Invocation will be by Bishop Tucker and Gov. Peery will deliver an address of welcome. Rev. Mr. Cooke will pro- nounce the benediction. During the recessional, “America” will be played and Gen. Lee’s favorite hymn, “How Firm a Foundation,” will | be sung. The national anthem will be the final number. Geneva (Continued From First Pagy.) { with rifles, machine guns and anti- aircraft guns furnished by great white powers. “It means also that Italy will be obliged to make a greater military effort which may weaken her capacity to come to the aid of Europe, if for example any attack on Austria’s in- dependence would create a new war menace.” Economic experts were busy with plans to wreck Il Duce’s export trade. League authorities said this aim might be achieved by closing the har- | bors of member states throughout the world to any ship flying the Italian flag. The League of Nations thus took on the appearance of a steam roller, fired by half a hundred nations, bearing down on war. Great Britain's Anthony Eden emerged as the man who was driving the steam roller on, insisting on ac- tion—“‘effective action, now.” Machinery Begins to Work. After the League’s general staff for sanctions removed all restrictions on flow of arms and ammunitions to Ethiopia, clamped an arms embargo on Italy and appointed a subcom- mittee to study a financial boycott against the Fascist nation yesterday, Eden said: “The machinery has begun to work.” Eden, in his drive to help Emperor Haile Selassie obtain arms to defnd his domain, was supported energet- ically by G. Howard Fergusson, chief Canadian delegate, who demanded of the League’s Co-ordination Commit- tee that “we get down to business.” The burning question was Whether the embargo shoulg include prohibi- tions of sale to Italy of key prod- ucts which might be used in manufac- ture of armaments and munition. Canada sells a large quantity of nickel to Italy, Russia sells man- ganese ore, and Russia, Rumania and ‘Venezuela sell petrol. An embargo on such products would involve for those nations a consider- able financial loss which others would not have to bear. ‘Whether it would be possible to dis- tribute these sacrifices among the na- tions in general was a question to be discussed. Statistics showed that Italy’s main source of coal supply lay in Great Britain, Germany and Poland and that most of its petrol came from Russia, Rumania, the United States, Persia and Venezuela.- Italy gets raw cotton from the United States, Egypt, British India seventeen | and Ceylon; wool from Australia, Ar- gentina and South Africa and rubber from British India, Ceylon and Dutch India. Italy buys iron and steel from the United States, France, Belgium and Switzerland and copper from the United States, Chile and T Africa. mci v c«:tmued?r H'.Pa | government, written by his own hnnd the Italian envoy declared: “I am staying of my own free will | despite the insistence of the authori- ties that I leave, awaiting the arrival of the two members of the Magalo consulate. I also declare I submit |freely to any measures the govern- | ment may take against me.” Deliberately Creating Trouble. Ethiopian government officials said the Italian Minister was deliberately trying to create an incident by com- pelling Ethiopian troops to invade his | legation and drag him out. They said they feared that such a pretext for saying Italian sovereignty had been violated. Emperor Selassie was enraged by | the diplomat’s action and immediately |ordered the legation surrounded by troops and the telephone lines and private radio stations cut off. with even his diplomatic colleagues excluded. Position More Obscure. Late in the day, however, just what Vinci's position might be became mere | obscure. It was reported possible that | the Emperor might not insist upon his departure tomorrow but might grant a respite. At 5:50 p.m. Vinci was permitted to leave the legation, where he had | been a virtual prisoner, and was con- ducted to the home of Ras Desta Damtou, a son-in-law of the Emperor. As he moved, he was preceded and followed by Ethiopian troops. | he refused to receive’his diplomatic | colleagues. Another serio-comic touch was lent | de Grenet of the Italian Legation left | the special train provided for the le- gation authorities and then boarded an ordinary train departing an hour later. The motive for this action was not disclosed, but Ethiopians said they were suspicious and directed the chief and to take De Grenet from the ‘ater train. Throughout the morning Vinci played a game of hide and seek, not only with the Ethiopian government but with the diplomatic corps, mem- bers of which were indignant when the Italian Minister failed to turn up | at the station after they waited for him three hours under the scorching sun. One reason given for the Minister's refusal to go was that he had enor- | mous sums of Ethiopian silver thalers |in the legation which he was unable to take out of the country. The military attache, Col. Carderini, joined the Minister in his refusal to by special train. Natives Join Army. After Vinci refused to leave, the en- tire native staff of the Italian Lega- tion went voluntary to Emperor Haile Selassie and offered to enroll in the Ethiopian army. The Emperor ac- cepted their services. ‘The general Ethiopian impression was that it was now necessary to pre- pare for a long war with Italy, prob- ably lasting for years Most Ethiopians and some foreigners credit Vinci, who has been battling Emperor Selassie ~ontinually for the right to remain longer. with urging Premier Mussolini on in the attempts to subjugate Ethioria after he saw that diplomatic efforts to settle the present conflict had failed. ‘Throughout his two-year stay in Ethiopia, Vinci was ssid to have strug- gled ceaselessly to win for Italy an ascendant position in the empire. From the beginning of the trouble, Mussolini gave his minister a more or less free hand to deal witk the situa- tion until it became so serious that Vinci would always inform the Ethio- pian government that he was obliged to refer matters to Rome. More recently, as the conflict be- came critical, Mussolini took the af- fairs out of Vinci’s hands and dealt with them directly at Rome and at Geneva. Relations Never Cordial Italo-Ethiopian relations have never been very cordial since the crushing defeat of the Italians at Aduwa in 1896. ‘The Ethiopian government never has lowered its guard against even- tual attempts by Italy not only to wipe out the memory of that disaster out to impose an Italian political and ec;:wmlo protectorate over the em- P ‘The Emperor finally ordered Vinci to leave on the grounds that his pres- ence became embarrassing after thz League of Nations pronounced Italy an aggressor. The Minister and his aides, first ylelding to the persuasion of other members of the diplomatic corps, said they would capitulate to the Emperor and depart today, but Vinci balked once more, Church Appeals to Cardenas. MEXICO CITY, October 12 (A).— Authorities made public last night a petition addressed to President Lazaro Cardenas by the Mexican Episcopate, asking restoration of the t of the Catholic church to own to impart religious education. action would give Premier Mussolini | Vinci was virtually incommunicado, | Althcugh the Italian minister was | | given every luxury at Damtou's home, | of the special train to wait en route depart, but other legation officials left | Drawn up in front are mounted members of ~Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto, FURMER GOVERNOR = 10 PLACE WREATH Case of Rhode Island Speaker at Roger Wllllams Ceremonies Here. 1 Former Gov. Norman S. Case of Rhode Island, will place the wreath on the statue of Roger Williams in the United States Capitol and speak briefly at the ceremonies starting the celebration here of the Roger Wil- liams Tercentennary next Friday at 4 o'clock. | Roger Williams Straus of New York HAUPTMANN FUND 10 GUIDE APPEAL Autobiography May Bring Money to Carry Case to Supreme Court. By the Associated Press. SOMERVILLE, N. J, October 12.— Bruno Richard Hauptmann’s defense attorneys emphasized last night that future steps in their new drive to save the convicted murderer of Charles A. Lindbergh, jr, from the electric chair depend to a large extent on the pub- lic's response to another appeal for funds. C. Lloyd Fisher, who met with Fred- erick A. Pope and Egbert Rosecrans in Pope’s office here, said the defense fund previously collected was depleted, and pointed out that an appeal to the United States Supreme Court will cost a large amount. Hopeful for Review. The attorneys expressed confidence, however, that the Supreme Court would grant Hauptmann a review. They said Hauptmann's confidence, temporarily shaken when the Court of Errors and Appeals, New Jersey's highest tribunal, upheld his convic- tion, was restored and that he told them “something inside me tells me it’s going to come out all right.” At their 40-minute conference they decided their first step would be an application for a stay of the enforce- ment of the New Jersey court’s judg- m('rlAL pending the Supreme Court ap- peal. | " The defense attorneys said they had | not yet decided whether to secure the services of a constitutional lawyer for | the Supreme Court appeal. It was indicated, however, that Rosecrans, who argued his first case before the high court 20 years ago, would handle the task. He is the only one of the | trio qualified to appear before the United States tribunal. Cost Enumerated. In speaking of the cost of the ap- peal, Fisher said the whole record of | the trial must be printed again, along with the record of appeal proceedings and the decision of the Court of Errors and Appeals. His immediate Job, he said, will be that of disposing of Hauptmann’s autobiography, wric- {ten in the death house. The prison Board of Managers gave permission | | for the release of the manuscript | Thursday. City, son of the late Ambassador | Oscar Straus, cipal address, to be broadcast over | WMAL at 7 o'clock. He will speak | on what the principles of Roger | Williams have meant to our civiliza- | | tion. Dr. Gove G. Johnson, pasmr of the National Baptist Memorial Church, will preside at a banquet in his church. Other speakers will be Dr. Ivan Murray Rose of the First Baptist Church, Philadelphia; Dr. Wm. B. Lippard, editor of “Mission: New York; and Dr. Rufus W. Weaver, | executive secretary of the Columbia Association of Baptist Churches. At the meeting following the ban- quet Dr. John R. Sampey, Louis- ville, Ky., president of the Southern | Baptist Convention, will preside, the | speakers including Dr. R. E. E. Hark- ness, president of the American Bap- and of liams, Prophet of Tomorrow,” | Dr. Edwin McNeill Proteat, jr., of Roger Williams for Today.” Tension (Continued From First Pagg\ | restrictions on movement of arms and | ammunition to Ethiopia. This opinion was expressed openly in Rome, where authoritative sources said: “We don't want to buy arms our- selves. At least, the raising of the embargo on Ethiopia will please for- eign armaments manufacturers who | have been working for this object for some time. “Nevertheless, they will have to settle on credit as we do not suppose there is much money in Ethiopia.” Italian officials declined to disclose that nation’s exact capacity for pro- | ducing its own war supplies. It was recalled, however, that the wartime Cornigliano-Cogne steel com- bine was reconstituted by orders of Premier Mussolini on September 9, 1934, in a move toward industrial re- covery and for national defense. The combine included the Cogne Iron Mines and most of the steel plants of the Cogne Co. in the Aosta Valley. During the Great War these | plants manufactured materials for construction of 1,000 field guns a month as well as materials for naval building and munitions. Britain Exports Unchanged. The lifting of the arms embargo against Ethiopia was expected gener- ally to make little difference in the amount of arms sent to the East African empire from Great Britain. Authorities pointed out that, under the system of licensing now in effect, |any firm wishing to send arms to Ethiopia would have to apply to the Board of Trade. There has been no such application in the last few months. Because of Ethiopia’s reported lack of the neces- sary credits, it was believed British arms manufacturers had received no orders from Ethiopia. French officials said they were maintaining close control of their supplies of munitions, armaments and raw materials used for warfare in view of European echoes from the Italian-Ethiopian conflict. A French cabinet decree of March 26 banned export of war materials, including aluminum, magnesium, cot- ton and similar products used in man- ufacture of munitions. Armaments may be exported ’mm France only with approval by the foreign, war, navy and air ministries. Reich to Keep Arms. The German official attitude re- mained constant—that the third Reich was unwilling to sell arms or ammunition to either Italy or Ethi- opia “because with our new army, we ourselves need all we can manu- facture.” An official spokesman expressed this view, but said other materials essen- tial to war-making presented a differ- ent question. If Austria keeps its doors open to such commodities as coal, machinery and chemicals, they could easily pass from Germany to Italy through Aus- trian territory. It was fully realized at Berlin that an increased market in these mater- ials would lighten appreciably the Reich’s foreign exchange difficulties, providing Italy could pay for a good percentage of the supplies with cash. Economic experts believed, for in- stance, that Germany would accept and | half cash and make othé} arrange- ments with Italy for the balance. will deliver the prin- | tist Historical Society, on “Roger Wil- | | Raleigh, N. C., on “The Significance | o LEAGUE ARMS EMBARGO ACT OF WAR, SAYS BORAH | Declares Result of Action and African Campaign Are at Best Just Conjecture. By the Associated Press. SALT LAKE CITY, October 12— Senator Willlam E. Borah declared last night that imposition of an arms embargo on Italy by the full Sanctions is in itself “an act of war.” “If we put ourselves in the position of Italy, how would we feel if other nations took such a step against us? We would resent it, of course,” he said. The result of the League's action and the African campaign are “at best just conjecture,” he added. *“All these things are mere speculation. No one knows what is going to happen.” Borah was here for a Senate Silver Committee meeting. —_— COUNTY OFFICIAL DIES Lingering Illness Fatal to Rock- ford, Ill, Editorial Writer. ROCKFORD, Ill, October 13 (#).— Horace K. Buker, 58, member of the Winnebago County Board of Super- visors and a widely known Rockford newspaper man, died at his home yes- terday after a lingering illness. In recent years he was an editorial writer for the Rockford Register-Re- | public. DRUNKEN CAT IS CLUE Discovery on Roadside. DOWNEY, Calif.,, October 12 (#).— A Federal liquor tax agent gazed in wonderment at a cat. The cat wobbled out of a farm on the outskirts of Downey, mewed at a nearby cow, jabbed weakly with a paw—and then rolled on its back. The agent sniffed the wheezing animal’s dripping fur. Suspicion be- came conviction. Inside the barn was found a barrel of fermenting mash 10-gallon still. Wnt to Investor Who will erect for a [ reliable firm, a ware- l house, with three or | four floors; about 60x || 120 feet. Must have | heat and elevator and ‘ rent for not over §5,000 || per annum. ‘ I I \ Will lease for five years. Perhaps you have such a property already erected and available. Address Box 40-H Star Office & Committee of the League of Nations | Was set up under the will of an 83- Agent Finds Still in Barn After | “Tugwelltown” in Berwyn ! Above: Architect’s conception of part of the model village of low- cost houses to be erected by Dr. Tugwell's Rural Resettlement Ad- ministration in Berwyn Heights, Md. Right: A sketch of the tower to supply water to the town's 5,000 inhabitants. (Story on Page A-16.) WORLD PEACE AIM OF MRS. ROOSEVELT Will Start Her 52d Year Advane- | ing Cause of Comity Among Nations. Mrs. Roosevelt is preparing to start off her 52d year with a labor close to her heart—peace. | On Tuesday she opens the New York Herald Tribune's forum on cur- rent problems, and to her “current problems” means advancing the cause of comity among nations. Mrs. Roosevelt passed her 5lst| birthday anniversary yesterday at| Hyde Park. Last night at Val-Kill| cottage 21 candles—a Roosevelt cus- tom—flickered on a homemade cake. | That is in keeping with her philos- | ophy, “The more you forget your birthdays as you grow older, the! younger you stay.” e $40,583 FOR 18 CATS MILWAUKEE, October 12 (P)—A $40,583 trust fund to care for 18 cats year-old woman filed in County Court here yesterday. The bulk of the estate of Miss Sarah | B. Hataway, who died last year, is to g0 to 11 nieces and nephews after the last cat has died. Cost Nothing Extra In Our Popular Modern Finished Family Laundry Service Just include them in your regular wash, and take advantage of the low price of this completely finished laundry service—all flat pieces being carefully ironed and folded— body pieces beautifully hand-ironed, ready to wear—at the very reasonable rate of 10c per Ib. for ALL Flat Work; Wearing Ap- parei, 3Uc per Ib. The minimum charge is only one dollar. For service, just phone— . TOUMAN by F.W.MACKENZIE , President 5248 wisconsin Ave. CleveLano 7800 DON JUAN WEDS “HISROYAL COUSIN {Nobility Witnesses Simple Ceremony of Spanish Heir Pretender at Rome. By the Associated Press. | ROME, October 12.—Don Juan of | Bourbon, heir pretender to the Spanish | throne, and his cousin, the Infanta Maria de la Esperanza of Bourbone | Sicile, were married today in the presence of one of the greatst modern assemblages of nobility. The ceremony was held in the hise toric church of Maria Degeli Angeli, which Michelangelo long ago converted from old Roman baths into a monase tery. Alfonso Is Cheered. ‘Thousands of persons cheered ir the vast, sun-bathed piazza outside the church as Juan and his bride arrived, and former King Alfonso. father of the bridegroom, shared in the burst of the monarchists’ enthusiasm. Absent was former Queen Victoria of Spain, who because of differences | with her husband remained away from | her son’s wedding as she did from that of Beatriz in January. Pickets of Fascist Blackshirts com= posed a guard of honor. The ceremony itself, held in a set- ting of brilliant dress uniforms and the resplendent purple and crimson | robes of the Catholic episcopacy, was extremely simple. Bridegroom Is 22 Cardinal Elia Della Costa, Arch- bishop of Florence, received the couple’s vows, blessed them and re- tired to the vestry. The couple then left the church amid great applause and turned to worship in St. Peter's. Juan, who is 22, had been studying law for the last year at the University in Florence. He was a student at the Naval Schooi in San Fernando and served as a cadet in the Naval School in Dartmouth, The wedding culminated a romance which has blossomed since a childhood acquaintance in Spain. The princess is one year younger than the prince. Persistent reports said honeymoon | plans include a trip around the world | and a brief visit in the United States. —_—— Exhibit Planned. 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