Evening Star Newspaper, August 28, 1935, Page 2

A2 « - LEGISLATION. TEST OF PUBLIG MIND \iote May Determine Re- ;sponsibility or Show Lack of Comprehension. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. ‘The theme or motif—if there was one—in the Seventy-fourth Congress, first session, might be recorded by a frank but realistic historian as a sim- ple belief on the part of a majority of the members, rarely expressed but often implied, that “the people are too damn dumb to understand anyway.” This sort of comment, first made popular by Harry Hopkins, Federal rellef administrator, in characteriz- ing the critics of “boondoggling,” has never been articulated publicly by any members of Congress—it would be politically indiscreet to say it—but the whole philosophy underlying the ses- slon was based on an assumption that the people did not or could not be made to understand the niceties of constitutional argument or the equi- ties of property rights, but were able to understand only the punitive, vengeful and destructive type of legis- lation enacted under the guise of. “public welfare.” Congress refused to exercise its own independent judgment as a legislative body, believing that the President knew better how to manipulate the electorate, and that by his radio talks and speeches he could sway the people sufficiently not only to re-elect him- self but a Democratic Congress, too. Unmerited Legislation. This did not mean legislation on its | merits. Hardly a single measure of importance that became law origi- nated or was really written by mem- bers of Congress themselves. They surrendered the law-writing function, for which they are paid salaries by the people, and bestowed it on the “Brain Trusters,” as requested by the President himself. So complicated were some of these bills, so subtle at times in their at- tacks on our system of private own- ership and initiative in business and so plainly at times directed toward Government ownerhhip and State so- cialism that, while members of Con- gress began to recognize these meas- ures as dangerous to our economic structure and our future fiscal sound- ness, they hesitated to oppose the ad- ministration for fear of reprisals in the party primaries. Also, many of them were cajoled into acquiescence with promises of Federal patronage or favors for themselves or for theh-l political friends. Speaker Joseph Byrns let the cat| out of the bag in his brief speech last week when he took the floor to sup- port the compromise on the utility holding company bill. The New York Times quotes him as having said: “I am not going to discuss the merits of this bill for two reasons. In the first place, I do not have the time, and I am frank to say that I do not know enough about the bill to | discuss its merits.” Revised in Record. In the Congressional Record for the next day, the Speaker's remarks are officially revised as follows: “Now, I cannot discuss the merits of the bill. I have not the time and cannot enter into a discussion of its details.” The spectacle of a Speaker of the House frankly conceding he could not discuss the merits of the bill is an in- dication of how apparently helpless the membership of Congress was to handle a measure of prime importance | to the economic structure of the coun- try, involving the future of a $12,- 000,000,000 industry which annually gives employment to millions of per- sons. But Mr. Byrns went further. said: months. Are we going home and say to our people that we cannot pass a bill looking to the control and regula- tion of holding companies which every one admits is needed?” He ‘What Mr. Byrns implied, of course, | ‘was that any bill adopted in the last moments of a tired Congress was bet- ter than no bill and that the people would be angry if the legislators | really wanted to take time to legis- late fairly and effectively. In truth, Mr. Byrns might have said that the President and his lieutenants had worked up the passions of the people to such an extent that a fair and ‘equitable control or regulatory meas- ure was impossible because it would take mature deliberation. He inti- mated, in effect, that Congress had to show it had “done something.” Apparently it is the function of Con- gress under the New Deal to “soak” things and sock right and left, ir- respective of the merits. Any many members of Congress believe this is all the people understand, anyway. Time and Thought Required. If the President himself could have personally given the time and thought to all these important meas- ures, the result might possibly have been different. As it was, he gave full sway to the “brain trusters” and accepted implicitly their advice. They put him in a position often where he could not retreat without confessing he had been misled. As for the brain trusters, the best expression which fits their behavior is a comment made by John Morley, famous English philosopher, who once said: “Nothing in the whole world of politics is so intractable as a band of zealots, conscious that they are a minority, yet armed by accident with the powers of a majority.” 80 Mr. Roosevelt will have to take full responsibility now, not only for what the “brain trusters” did, but for what the Democratic majority in both houses of Congress gave him in legislation. The plight of members of Congress {s described in this remark, attributed by the New York Times to Senator Pat Harrison, Democrat, chairman of the Finance Committee, in conversa- tions recently with hesitating col- leagues: “Whether you like it or not, your political fortunes are entirely in the hands of the President. You will be elected or defeated mext year, not on your record here, but solely because he is elected or defeated. If you vote to discredit any part of his program you are voting against yourselves.” Work of One Man. What Mr. Harrison’s statement means is that the people cannot dis- tinguish between the constitutional re- sponsibility of a President and the constitutional responsibility of mem- bers of Congress, that the people will be swayed by the emotional appeals made on behalf of Mr. Roosevelt in as the judg- “We have been here eight | ) at’s at Behind News . In Capital Business Council’s Report on Tax and Coal Bills Leaks Out. BY PAUL MALLON, HERE is only one thing which excites Washington more than | gossip and that is a news leak. Everything here is supposed to be orderly. Everything flows in turn, according to custom—men, society and even news. . For that reason a dire problem has been created by the fact that certain secret reports from the Business Ad- visory Council have lately developed a way of getting on the front pages. The council was Secretary Roper's idea. News readers may recall that the Secretary of Commerce’s council of business men was supposed to ex- press views of business. The council members were to tell what they thought about the New Deal. For a time their thoughts, as expressed In their reports, must have been un- down the alley to a department for eternal consideration. They were made public only when they favored the social security program or con- tinuance of the N. R. A. Referred to Filing Cabinet. The last two reports of the council were on the tax bill and the Guffey coal bill and were very critical. They referred, as is the custom, to a de- partmental filing cabinet. In each case a week elapsed and then the re- | ports appeared on the front pages. One was published by a foremost Washington news gatherer and the other by a trade paper in New York. No one suspects President Roose- velt of slipping out these critical reports, but there is ground for suspicion that the business council has developed a system of making its views known to the world. What has happened is that the council gives the President a week to make its views public. If he fails there are ways. A fancy job of editing was done |on the Congressional Record to con- | ceal the fact from posterity that the House sat unconstitutionally for 20 minutes last Saturday night. The pm., but it really recessed about | 12:20 am. This was 20 minutes after ! its authority expired by its own edict. ‘What happened was that Congress got in an absurd mess. Speaker 8yrns realized at 11:40 p.m. that the House i;:giud at midnight, so Mr. Byrns ‘the edict that time waits for |no man. He told one of his clerks Iw get a stick and stop the big clogk ! over his head. It remained stopped | until about half an hour later, when | the leaders decided the mess was t00 |big to be solved that night, and | Congress adjourned until Monday. | Smart lawyers may be able to figure out a way to attack the con= stitutionality of everything Con- gress did thereafter. But they will have a hard time proving it in view of falsification of the Record. | -An editorial conclusion that this | Congress could not even adjourn con- | stitutionally, however, may not be far wrong. Can Learn from Capper. «If New Dealers will see Senator Capper they may learn something to their advantage. The Kansan says | little but he reads a lot. What he | reads mostly is the mail bag. It is because Capper is a farm publisher as well as a farm legislator. He re- cejves mail from the farm wives who | do not write to any one else. He has noticed lately what ae per- ceives to be a change in general farm sentiment toward the administration. The farmers, he says, are naturally frugal people. They have to be. A substantial number of them (perhaps a majority, he says) seem to have become interested during recent months in Government expenditures. One thing which appeared to have awakened their interest, he believes, is taxes. (Not processing taxes, be- cause someone else pays those.) Ordinarily if a Republican Sena- tor said anything like that it would be smaller news than a dog biting a man. Capper, however, has not been & political antagonist of the New Deal and does not ordinarily indulge in political hog wash. THE MOUNTAIN EAPEN U/‘egs The holding companies’ act was passed and signed, but it is not yet a law. In fact, it may turn dut soon to be a series of injunctions. This good supposition is based on the fact that the utilities companies have been far more excited about the new appointment to the Securities Ex- change Commission than about the law itself. They think they know what the law means. They also suspect what the selection of James Ross (in Ferdinand Pecora’s place) mea: Mr. Ross is a bone-dry public owner- ship man. He operated (in Seattle) the largest publicly owned electric light plant in the country. He de- spises the scent of private public utili- ties. That will make three anti-utility bloodhounds on the commission. The answer is that the utilities groups are planning to contest the act in the courts before it becomes operative. They will resist registering and carry the case to the courts. Note—The funny part of it is the New Dealers who framed the legisla- tion had only three utility holding companies in mind for erasure, bu: now have bigger ideas. A real possibility of rejcinding Rus- sian recognition exists, despite all the State Department had done to shush such an idea. The fact is the depart- ment would like to be forced into it. Officials are chagrined at the lack of Russian trade development after recog~ nition, Also the attitude of the Soviets about meeting the Czarist debt is dis- printable. At least these reports were | sent to the White House and referred | were sent to the White House and | Record says the House quit at 11:47 | could not decide what to do before | larger than that of most Congressmen | THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, Berlin Subway Cavééln Scene I- Berlin railway stations by the time A view of the wreckage caused by the collapse of a partly-built subway in Berlin, in which 13 workers lost their lives when they were trapped underground. The new tunnel was being built to connect various the Olympic games open next year. —Wide World Photo, ANDREWS GIVEN 3 AIR RECORDS Army Air Force Headquar- ters Commander to Try for Three Others. Brig. Gen. Frank M. Andrews, com- manding the new General Headquar- ters Air Force of the Army, today re- ceived official credit for three new | world seaplane records as a result of his flight last Saturday around the | Washington, New York, Langley Field course, it was announced by the Na- | tional Aeronautic Association. He was credited with a new speed record of 1654 miles per hour for 1,000 kilometers, or 621 miles, with | a payload of 1,000 kilograms. or 2,200 | pounds. He automatically established records at the same time for the same speed and distance without load and | with load of 500 kilograms. The gen- | eral failed in an attempt to establish | three additional records for 2,000 kilo- | meters. Expects to Take More. Gen. Andrews told National Aero- nautic Association officials that con- ditions for the flight last “‘Saturday | were not the best, and he feels he will be able to establish the three 2,000-kilometer records and to better the new 1,000-kilometer marks by 10 to 15 miles per hour with more favor- able conditions. He has not made definite plans for another attempt. Bombardment Plane. The three new records were estab- lished in a Martin B-12W bombard- | ment airplane with pontoon flotation | gear in the place of the normal land- ing wheels. The general carried two 1,100-pound bombs as the payload and took off with 2,700 pounds of fuel. The general took all three records from Col. Charles A. Lindbergh, Ed- win Musick and Boris Sergievsky, who established all three marks at 157.8 miles per hour in a single flight last vear in the Sikorsky S-42 airplane, which now is being used by Pan American Airways in the pioneering of transpacific air-transport service. CHANGES REVEALED IN POSTS AT U. OF M. Dr. W. F. Falls Made Acting Language Head—Two New Men Named. By a Staff Correspondent of The Star. COLLEGE PARK, Md., August 28.— Elevation of Dr. William F. Falls to the position of acting head of the modern language department of the University of Maryland, and the ap- pointment of two new men to that department was announced here yes- terday by H. C. Byrd, acting president of the university. ‘The new appointees are George Odell Darby, Ph. D, who comes here from Harvard University, and Dr. Meno Spann, who has been teaching at the University of North Carolina. A new graduate course on the his- tory of the State from the Greeks to modern times, will be offered by Mark Schweizer. LOIN CLOTH MAY COST TOWN CRIER HIS JOB Staid New England Fathers Hold Ball Costume Undignified, but He's Adamant. By the Associated Press. PROVINCETOWN, Mass., August 28. —The town fathers of this old New England fishing port, & haven for early Pilgrim settlers, have threatened to oust their 65-year-old town crier. Willlam F. Gilman, executive secre- tary of the Provincetown Board of Trade, said the plan of Amos Kubik, the crier, to don loin cloth, feathers and war paint to attend a costume ball would “lower the dignity of his office.” But Kubik, hired by the town fa- thers to parade through the streets in Pilgrim garb as an attraction to tour- ists, contended he had worked hard all Summer upholding the dignity of his office. “I'm free; white and 65 and also & private citizen as well as crier,” he declared, “and so I can wear any cos- tume I choose.” The affair is the Provincetown Art muum's 21st annual ball Friday Public Works Help. Increased public works activity in JFrench Guiana is stimulating busi- i | MLEAN IS NAMED CUMMINGS, AIDE Will Succeed Sweeney as Assistant Attorney General. Angus D. MacLean, assistant so- licitor general, today was promoted to succeed George C. Sweeney as As- sistant Attorney General in charge of | the claims division. Simultaneously, it was announced at the office of Attorney General Cum- | mings that Golden W. Bell, Special | Assistant to the Attorney General, will | be elevated to succeed MacLean as }.ssuum solicitor general. The important post as head of the claims division was vacated recently with the appointment of Sweeney as a Federal judge in Massachusetts. Millions of dollars in claims against the Government are involved in suits defended by the claims division. MacLean was sworn in at noon by Ugo Carusi, assistant to Cummings. The new Assistant Attorney General is 58 years old and a native of North Carolina. He was educated at the University of North Carolina and after practicing law in his home State en- tered politics and was elected to the North Carolina Legislature for several terms. He has served as assistant solicitor general since August, 1933. Bell, who is 49, is & former San Prancisco lawyer, who was appointed in November, 1933, as a special assist- ant to Cummings in the anti-trust di- vision. He was an attorney in the legal division of the United States Shipping Board from 1917 to 1919. He is a graduate of Beloit College, the University of California and Har- vard Law School. e Winant to Leave Geneva Soon. GENEVA, August 28 (#).—John G. | ‘Winant, newly appointed chairman of | the new Social Security Board, is leaving for Washington this week to take over his new position, it was learned today. Winant has been in Geneva as assistant director of the International Labor Office. 0BBY QUIZ DATES 0 BE FIXED SOON Committee Plans to Push Inquiry as Scon as Practicable. BY JAMES E. CHINN. Chairman O’Connor of the House Rules Committee announced today he would formulate within the next few days definite plans for resumption of the investigation of lobbying activities against the Wheeler-Rayburn vtilities bill. The cammittee has been marking time due to the pressure of other business incident to the adjournment of Congress, but O'Connor said it will soon be ready to go ahead with the inquiry. Enactment of the Wheeler-Rayburn bill, which requires the registration of all utility lobbyists with the Securities and Exchange Commission, O'Connor believes, might detract the public in- terest somewhat in future develop- ments in the investigation. He does not feel, however, that the inquiry should be called off because utility lobbyists have been placed under con- trol. Probers Delve for Faets. O'Connor said it probably would be & week or two before he can get his committee together to resume public hearings. In the meantime, com- | mittee investigators will continue to| gather information to be developed at | these Hearings. Howard C. Hopson, “master mind"‘ of the Associated Gas & Electric Co., | according to O'Connor will be recalled | as & witness as soon as the committee renews its investigation. Hopson al- ready has been examined about the Associated’s campaign against the utilities bill, but the committee now wants to question him about banks| that loaned the company $1,000,000 | to finance it and the amount of his annual income. Statements Already Made. In compliance with the committee’s | order, Hopson already has furnished | this information in a series of state- | ments. Several members, however, are said to be anxious to ask him questions about certain details In| these statements and for that reason | he is to be recalled. The Senate Lobby Committee also is planning to resume its public hear- ings within several weeks, at which | time it will endeavor to bring to light | activities of the Cities Service Co. in| fighting the utilities bill. This com- | mittee's special investigators now are | making a careful examination of the records of Cities Service and its | numerous subsidiaries preparatory to| ; resumption of the investigation. GLIPPER OVER SEA | ON WAY FROM ISLES| | 1127 Miles an Hour Eastward Speed at Elevation of 10,000 Feet. | By the Assoclated Press. ALAMEDA, C: August 28.—Pan- | Amenican Airways’ flying clipper | | roared over the Pacific, well past the | halfway mark of its third eastward flight here from Honolulu, at an aver- | age speed of 127 miles an hour this| morning. At 4 am. (T am, Eastern standard time) the sleek flying boat was 1,010 miles out from the base here | and speeding steadily along some 10,000 feet in the air over a leg of | the proposed trans-Pacific commercial | air route, Hourly radio reports to headquarters here indicated all was well aboard the four-motored craft, which was fa- vored by good weather. Merger Plan Denied. NEW YORK, August 28 (#).—A recommendation to bondholders of | Postal Telegraph & Cable Corp. by Cecil P. Stewart, head of a protective | | committee, that a merger with West- 1em Union Telegraph Co. would be | preferable to a Postal reorganization | was met yesterday with a vigorous | | denial by Postal officials that they | had proposed any reorganization plan. EX-GOV. JOSEPH B. ELY. By the Associated Press.” NEW YORK, August 28.—A dis- patch to the New York Times today from Charles R. Michael at Chicago quoted an unnamed prominent citizen returning from the home of Willlam ‘Randolph Hearst in California as say- ing that an independent Democratic party was about to be launched. "It said former Gov. Joseph B. Ely of Massachusetts and former Budget Director Lewis W, Douglas might be running mates in 1936. The . dispatch named Bajnbridge Colby, Secretary of State in the Wilson administration, as the leader of a re- volt of Democrats and said definite plans of organization probably would be announced in October. ‘The new party may take the name “Constitutionalist,” the dispatch said. It is designed to defeat President Roosevelt through defection of the Solid South. The dispatch said Colby was re- ported as assured of the support of former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York, former Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland, Gov. Eugene Talmadge of Georgla and Justice William R. Pattangall of the Maine Supreme Court. ‘ The informant quoted in the dis- ) Independent Democratic Party Rumored Formed to Split South LEWIS W. DOUGLAS. patch was reported to have come directly from a conference at ‘Hearst's home, where the publisher was said to have promised newspaper support and financial encouragement. Ely nominated Smith at the last Democratic convention. He has criti- cized Roosevelt policies freely. Doug- las resigned as budget director after a disagreement with Roosevelt. ELY KNOWS NOTHING OF PLAN. Former Governor of Massachusetts Ignorant of Third Party Move, ‘WESTFIELD, Mass., August 28 (#). —*I know nothing about it,” was the reply of former Gov. Joseph B. Ely of Massachusetts this morning When asked if he were under consideration to head an independent Democratic party ticket. TALMADGE IGNORANT OF MOVE. Knows Nothing of Plan to Form Anti- Roosevelt Party. 28 (P).—Gov. Eugene Talmadge professed ignorance today of reported plans to form an in- Executive secretary, I Federal penal population is composed part in major and spectacular crimes, which constitute our very serious crime problem, ‘The most important offense, prosti- tution, is recognized by many to be a | social rather than a criminal question. | Case study after case study reveals that these women are frequently the product f environmental and eco- nomic pressure. Intoxication, although deplorable, ' should not be treated in the same manner as burglary. It is an evidence of lack of individual control or emo- tional instability which may easily be superinduced either by economic pres- sure or by psychological or physio- logical insufficiency. The use of narcotics by ‘women is often a symptom of personality diffi- culties and is frequently brought about by undesirable environmental factors and social contacts. It is not in itself an offense against society to be classed with and treated as crimes of violence against property or the person. It would seem an elementary con- clusion that most of the femaie mem- bers of our penal population, because | of their own psychological constitu- tion, as well as because of the spe- cific nature and origin of & vast ma- | jority of their offenses, should be | treated as social problems, with ade- | quate provision for medical, psychi- | atrie and soclal care. To put & young girl behind steel | bars will never change the economic | conditioning which forced her into tne | world’s oldest profession. Her con-| stant association during imprisonment | with serious offenders and the scar- | ring experiences of publc arraign- | ment and trial which precede :mpris- | onment could not and do not ofter any intelligent helpfulness. Her re- | lease after service of sertence with- | with the law are. in the opinion of only antiquated, but actually harmful. Federal statistics show that only about 4 per cent of the State and WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1935. ; Women—And' Prison Bars Sociological Maladjustments Held Main Cause for Sentences. Editors note: This is the third in a series of seven articles on erime and its control, written by the foremost authorities on the cause and combating of crime, co-operation witk the National Committee on Public Education for Crime Control. i BY E. MEBANE HUNT, Women's Prison Association. N THE United States the current techniques for the arrest, prosecution, conviction and imprisonment of girls and women coming into conflict m: forward-thinking observers, not of women. Women play & very small ALLOTMENT BOARD ASKS §264.241%3 Hopkins Slashes Funds for September Relief Rolls to $75,000,000. As Harry L. Hopkins slashed funds for the September relief rolls to $75,- 000,000, the Works Allotment Board, in an effort to speed the employment program under executive pressure, made public *oday its recommenda- | tions to President Roosevelt for imme- diate expenditure of $264,254,193. The reduction in dole funds indi- cated the hopes of the administration ¢ [ H ¥ 7 MISS E. MEBANE HUNT. out adequate provision being maae for her reassimilation into society, with desirable rather than undesir- able status, can be nothing but & promise of further failures to follow. In the entire field of crime there {5 no one problem which offers a clearer-cut challenge to intelligent and sympathetic reform than that of the treatment of the female offender. | If and when this reform is effected, and if it reflects the sound knowledge at our disposal from bitter experience, I venture to prophesy not only that the female crime rate will be greatly reduced, but that a gratitying pro- portion of the giris and young women ‘ arrested can be restored to society as useful citizens. (Copyright. 19:35. by the North American Newspaper Alliance. Inc.) PRESIDENT DELAYS HYDE PARK VIST Stack of Bills Forces Him to Stay Here at Least Until Saturday. BY J. RUSSELL YOUNG. President Roosevelt hopes to close his desk and leave Washington late Saturday for a two or three weeks' stay at his Hyde Park home. | The President thus expressed him- self today to newspaper men. He had planned to get away from Washington earlier, either tomorrow or Friday night, but the piling up of work with the closing of Congress has made this | impossible. Even to leave Saturday night Mr.| Roosevelt said he will be compelled to work at full steam early and late. He mentioned that he was at his desk as late as 1 o'clock this morning por- ing over piles of papers and bills, and that the prospects are he will be burn- ing the midnight oil each night this week. | Even then these labors will by no no means be reduced to such an ex- | tert that his stay at Hyde Park will| where an insolvent is, the reply is: | be solely for recreation. He feels cer- | tain he will be required to cart along great bundles of papers to dispose of while he is in his Dutchess County, N. Y., estate. | To Sign Neutrality Resolution. The President:expected to sign the | six months’ neutrality resolution to-| day or tomorrow, describing it as en- tirely satisfactory. It provides an embargo against two belligerent nations and, there-| fore, is considered by him to meet the | existing situation. By the time Con- | gress meets again, he said, the situ-| fellow somehow. As the quaint scou:hj ation would be changed and, there- fore, everything is all right. He did express a little disappointment that the resolution failed to include any power over loans to warring countries. | The President said he also would sign shortly the Guffey bill to estab- lish N. R. A. wage and hour standards in the bituminous coal industry. Mr. Roosevelt still has not decided how long he will remain at Hyde Park. He hopes to extend the stay until the last week in September. It is thought likely, however, that the President will return to Washing- ton not later than September 24,] tarrying only one or two days in the Capital before starting on his jour- ney to the San Diego Exposition and the Boulder Dam dedication. Must Be Here September 24. Mr. Roosevelt’s presence in Wash- ington on September 24, is looked on as imperative because he was sched- uled & meeting of the Works Relief Allotment Board fo give final ap- proval to the remaining applications for work relief funds throughout the country. P In addition, the annual gathering of the Conference on Human Needs is scheduled to meet here at that time. It has been the custom of:Mr. Roosevelt throughout his administra- tion to address this gathering in the rear grounds of the White House. Mr. Roosevelt probably will leave for the West before the last of Sep- tember. Afier probably a day or two in San Diego, he plans a brief visit at Los Angeles. His plan now is to return East aboard a naval vessel through the Panama Canal. From all appearances, the journey to the coast will be in the nature of a campaign trip, with the Presient making several addresses in addition- to many impromptu rear platform ap- Ppearances. ‘When Mr. Roosevelt leaves Wash- ington Saturday, his present plans are such that he will be absent from the city for the greater part of the time between now and the time Con- gress assembles again next January. His itinerary calls for his customary annual visit to Warm Springs, Ga., early in November, for a three or | plai four weeks’ stay. After a brief visit to the White House on his returh from Georgia, the President, accord- ing to intimates of the presidential family, has some idea of spending Christmas with his family at the Roosevelt ancestral home on the Hud- son, However, this is too far away ¢ Irvin S. Cobb Says: Selassie Orders Chained Debtors Off Street to Curb Talk. TAOS, N. Mex, August 28 (N.A. N.A.).—To stop loose talk and possibly in view of an expected heavy Italian tourist trade later, Emperor Haile Selassie has or- dered all chained debtors off the streets. When an Ethiopian is broke the creditor takes him in tow until the debtor is ready to pay up. A chain is welded around the delin- quent’s wrist and all day he is led around at the pleasure of the other fellow. When his cus- todian drops in <omewhere he is left hitched outside like a horse. Over there, should anybody inquire “Oh, the last 1 saw him he was out on the links.” The system would never do for Americans. The way things are with us it wouldn't be any time until we had only two classes, taxpayers and blacksmiths. The Ethiopian Emperor is such a benighted savage that he wants to deny his people the pleasures and privileges of modern warfare. Why, actually, he doesn’'t want to conquer anybody or take anybody’s country or even run anybody else’s business. Even 50, I can't help admiring the old ballad goes: “I love Selassie.” (Copyright. 1935. by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) JAPAN ASKS CHINA FOR COMPENSATION Apologies and Guarantees Are Also Demanded After Train Hold-up. By the Assoclated Press. TIENTSIN, China, August 28— Japan today demanded an apology, | guarantees and compensation for the | families of victims of the train hold- | up at Shanhaikuan two weeks ago, when bandits slew three Koreans and | 17 persons were injured. ‘Through the Japanese consul gen- eral & formal protest was submitted to the provincial governor. It de- manded an apology from the railway | director, guarantees against any re- currence of the outrage and damages for the families of the victims. The bandits boarded the train at Shanhaikuan, posing as passengers. Once the train was well out of the station, they went systematically through the train, robbing the pes- sengers of money and valuables. When the conductor and other offi- cials resisted, the thugs shot them down, escaping with loot valued at $10,000 in silver. A number of Japanese were reported among the passengers victimized. Prof. James Kerr Dies. SPARTANSBURG, 8. C., August 28 (#)—James Kerr, associate professor of romance languages in Converse College since 1921, died at a hospital here yesterday after two weeks’ ill- ness. He was 45 years old. Funeral services will be conducted here to- morrow afternoon and the body will be taken to Petersburg, Va., his birth- | place, for burial. ‘for the President to make definite ns. When the President goes to Hyde Park Saturday, he will take along a secretarial starf to set up & tem- porary White House. It will include one of his secretaries, two or three and the in putting a considerable number of persons on works progress jobs this month, for the August alletment for relief rolls was $93,000,000. Aside from enrollments in the C. C. C., sup- ported from works progress funds, the job program has found employment for only 200,000. ? September 12 Deadline. With the employment goal set at 3,500,000 by November 1 it developed yesterday that the Septembr 12 dead- line for applications set by the Presi- dent will prevent approval of a num- ber of large P. W. A. projects, and other limitations on contracts threaten to jeopardize the slum clearance pro- gram. Of the huge sum recommended yes- terday, $151,000,000 would go to finance work programs in 43 States and the District of Columbia. Two of the projects recommended by Com- missioner George E. Allen, unidenti- fied n advance of Executive approval, | call for allotments totaling $474,638, | Although there was no official con- | firmation, it was believed the Health | Dgpartment’s request for $101,000 to | carry on an intensive anti-tubs#cu- losis campaign in the District was included. $2,600,000 Virginia Sum. Maryland was omitted from the list of State allotments, but Virginia was recommended approximately $2,- 600,000. In addition, the Works Allotment | Board submitted a program of $30,- 121,790 for the prosecution of 234 non-Federal P. W. A. projects in all parts of the country. It also decided to send back 386 P. W. A. applica- | tions from cities of more than 100,000 population which were rejected by Hopkins because of their high ma- | terial cost. The move was forced by the large number of high-cost proj- ects for which funds already have been allotted and must be carried through. |TEXTILE WORKERS TO FILE 15 CASES Discrimination in Violation of ‘Wagner-Connery Act Charged by Gorman. By the Associated Press Fifteen cases charging discrimina- | tion against union textile workers in violation of the Wagner-Connery labor relations act were to be filed today with the new National Labor Relations Board, it was announced by Francis J. Gorman, first vice presi- dent of the United Textile Workers. Gorman charged that between Sep- tember, 1934, and the Supreme Court decision nullifying N. R. A. United Textile Workers had com discrimination cases affecting 45,000 union workers in 1,200 mills. “I realize,” Gorman said, “that the new board has not had time to per- fect its machinery and that labor ought to exercise patience in filing initial cases. However, our members have been so unmercifully penalized by our employers that in fling only 5 cases we are exercising more thar moderate amount of restraint.” Pt ddn B BLOODSHED FEARED IN “RED” CHALLENGE Communists Vow to Stay in Cali- | fornia After Vigilante Warning. | By the Associated Press. | SANTA ROSA, Calif.,, August 28.— Determination of Sonora County vigli- lantes to drive out Communists gave rise to a situation that officials today feared might lead to rioting and pos- sible bloodshed. “We will stay,” read handbills dis- tributed throughout the city over the signature of the “Sonoma section of the Communist party, U. S. A, sec- | tion of Communist Internationale.” | The handbills answered demands of a group of vigilantes which last week, after tarring and feathering two al- leged radicals, demanded that Com- munists “get out and stay out.” William F. Cowan, district attorney, expressed fear rioting and bloodshed might result after the vigilantes were reported to have accepted the chal- lenge. Meanwhile, Edward Burton Wolff, allegedly driven from his home by | the vigilantes, was quoted in San Fran- cisco as declaring his intention of returning to “fight it out.” ART SHOW DATES SET Carnegie Institute Exposition to Run From Oct. 17 to Dec. 8. PITTSBURGH, August 28 (#).— The Carnegie Institute announced last night that its annual art exhi- bition, only international art display in the world. will open October 17. It will continue through December 8 with approximately 350 paintings from 21 nations. The 1935 exhibit will also commems= orate the 100th anniversary of the birth of Andrew Carnegie, who started the display as an international good- will measure in 1896. —_— FASCIST LEADER DIES ROME, August 28 (#).—Senator Al- fredo Rocco, 60, member of the Fascist Council and rector of Rome Univer- sity, died suddenly ¢oday of heart disease. Rocco, World War veteran, pub- lisher and jurist, was minister of jus- tice in 1932 and was known through- out the kingdom as the man who polished up the PFascist laws after Premier Mussolini presented them in {1 a e Ny = olve State Workers. BERLIN, August 28 (#).—The Union German Evangelical Federation of State Employes and Offices followed numerous other employe federaticns into dissolution today “to make way number of telephone and telegraph operators. - for the Nazi labor front.” ’