Evening Star Newspaper, August 15, 1935, Page 3

GREEN PREDICTS FLEXIBLE POLICY A. F. of L. Head Comments | Briefly on Fight to Split Craft Unions. By the Associated Press. ATLANTIC CITY. N. J.. August 15. | —Willlam Green. president of the American Federation of Labor, pre- dicted today that the federation would pursue a “broad, flexible policy” m de- termining how mass production indus- | try employes should be organized. That was Green's comment on the | bitter fight within his Executive Coun- cil, meeting this week, over whether all the employes in automobile, steel, | aluminum and similar industries | should be enrolled in craft unions or | be organized by industry. The federation includes 105 unions, most of them craft organizations, such as the carpenters, bricklayers and | electriclans. Among the 105, how- British Viscount Declares League Cowardly in Deal- ing With Mussolini. Expects Nothing but “Talk> Resulting From Tripartite Conference. (Editor's note—Viscount Snow- den of Ickornshaw, former British chancellor of the exchequer and labor leader, broke a lijetime rule against commenting publicly when he wrote the following article for the Associated Press on the eve of the Tripartite Conference in Paris for discussion of the Italo-Ethi- opian conflict. Viscount Snowden was branded a dangerous pacifist when he inveighed against war in 1914.) BY VISCOUNT SNOWDEN. ever, are several industrial unions, tuch as the United Mine Waorkers and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers. | How Crafts Are Divided. A carpenter working in a mine be- | longs to the United Mine Workers, not | the Carpenters’ Union. A substantial | majority of the council favors the or- ganization of mass production indus- | tries by craft. A few want them or-| ganized by industry, as the miners have organized coal. Leading representatives of each group have predicted a showdown figit | on this issue at the next convention | here in October. TILFORD, Surrey, England, August 15.—The Italo-Ethiopian dispute has in it all the elements of & world war. International affairs are now so interrelated an apparently trivial in- cident may have immense unexpected consequences. The murder of an Austrian arch- duke was the match which set into a huge conflagration combustible ma- terial which for years had been ac- cumulating. Summarizes Menaces. The elements constituting the | present menace to world peace as a L] THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. AUGUST 15, 19 Snowden Sees New World War In Italo-Ethiopian Conflict VISCOUNT SNOWDEN. afraid to take a firm line with Italy. Their dilatory methods have been an encouragement to Mussolini, who has treated them with contempt. These dilatory methods have served | Mussolint’s purpose, as it has given | him time to make his preparations | for war. If the League Council had denounced these war preparations as an act of war and enforced the terms of the covenant, then the situation might have been saved. * Sees Nothing But Talk. Paris to talk. Green declined to elaborate on what | T€sult of the dispute between Italy o nothing but talk. They will frame & “broad, flexible policy” would mean, | 8nd Ethigpia may be summarized as a meaningless formula and leave it at In the automobile industry, tne United Automobile Workers, started as | an industrial union, were given all cllows: | that. Mussolini will go on with his D.C. TUBERCULOSIS SURVEY APPROVED Plans for $101,000 Can- vass Sent to W. P. A, and Early Action Asked. Plans of Health Officer George C. Ruhland for a $101,000 tuberculosis survey, designed to place under treat- ment an estimated total of 6,000 suf- ferers not now registered, were ap- proved today by Commissioner George E. Allen and promptly forwarded to Federal officials. The plans were sent to the Federal | Works Administration with a request for early action. The program was indorsed late yesterday by the District Work Progress Board. Allen previ- ously had approved the general pro- gram. The board also approved a group of other projects which Allen, District works administrator, was preparing in final form for submission to Federal officials. 100 Will Be Employed. opposes elimination of the District Government contribution and reduc- tion in the number of weeks of benefit payments, he favors the Senate change in extending the plan to all employers of one or more persons, Ellenbogen's original bill would not have affected an employer unless he had “four or more” employes, In view of the Senate’s decision to apply the law to every commercial employer of one or more i would be much more costly to the city as a whole to restore the House provision for & municipal contribution than it would have been under the originsl House bill. D. C. Government Called Upon. The House provision which the Senate Committee struck out calld on the District Government to put into | the unemployment fund annually 1| per céht of the pay roll of all employ- ers subject to the act. The estimate | that this 1 per cent city tax would amount to at least $1,250,000 a year was based on the belief that only em- ployers of four or more workers would be subject. In other words, it was figured that the maximum 3 per cent payroll tax on employers of four or: more persons would produce about $4,400,000. But, if the bill is to apply to em- ployers of less than four workers, obviously a District tax figured at 1 per cent of the total pay roll of em- ployers affected would be greater than Dr. Ruhland plans to engage 100 workers in a program of locating per- $1,250,000. If the law is to include They’re Going NOW! §t.Albans Woolen Suits Reduced! (Choice=of=the-Howse) Three powers are now meeting in | It is certain they will | sons in need of either private or pub- | every concern that employs one or | lic treatment for tuberculosis. This is | more workers, it will produce an em- | to take three months, but follow-up | ployers’ reserve fund considerably in | work would continue the program for | excess of the $4,400,000 a year ex- a yesr. | 1 cted under the House bill. It is hoped to employ nearly 80 Therefore, if the House accepts the case workers to investigate home con- | amendment applying the tax to em- ditions of those having the disease and | ployers having even on: employe, the | to find family groups which should | Senate’s action in cutting out the Dis- | take the tests. A score of other work- | trict tax contribution becomes doubly ers would be engaged to handle the | jmportant. In other words, if the tests, compile detail records and carry | conferees should keep the Senate defi- on the follow-up program. Among | nition of “one or more” employes and the latter employes would be nurses,|ut the same time restore the House | technicians and clerks. clause for a District tax contribution, 1. The covenant of the League of | ywar eparations, and when Autumn Nations and the Paris Pact make an | comes will make his attack and laugh Few Social Workers on Relief. While only a handful of trained the District would face a greater reve- nue-raising problem. It also was auto plant employes except machinists | isolated dispute the business of all |4t the weak-spirited Council of the in machine shops and maintenance employ These exceptions, how- | ever, were termed by the industrial unionists in the federation a “blow” | League compels the League to come | so)ini’s actions. to the cause of the new union. Soli- darity. they contend, is essential to| successful collective bargaining. The federation’s last convention di- rected the council to organize auto- r. biles, steel, aluminum and cement along industrial lines. Direction Held Violated. The industrial unionists contend that the council has violated that di- rection on several occasions, in spirit as well a3 in letter. All effort. to furt’ er organization of the steel workers were held up by a factional fight in the Amalgamated | and Tin | Association of Iron, Steel ‘Workers, A. F. of L. unit in the steel industry, and by the Amalgamated's opposition to organization of employes into plant unions directly under the federation. Craft unionists also were under- stood to insist that the) should take in employes they claimed should conie into their organizations Transfer to craft unions of several hundred employes of the Anaconda Copper ~ . in Montana from the Mine, Mill :nd Smelter Workers, an indus- trial union, and the counc;l's refusal to charter the Marine Workers’ In- dustrial Union because it refused to give up any members to the craft unions also are held up by the indus- trial unionists as instances of what they say are violations “in spirit” of the convention’s direction. (Continued From First Page.) varying widths of tree rings over hun- dreds of years. The same cycle apparently has been operative through many millions of years, as is demonstrated by the thick- | nesses of the “varves” left in the rear | of retreating glaciers in the ice ages, | and in the fluctuations of lake levels | at much remoter periods Dr. Abbot presents a large body of evidence supporting the conclusion that this 23-year cycle provides the key for numerous meteorological and biological mysteries—that it may, in fact, constitute one of the most fun- damental elements entering into ter- | restial relagionships. The discovery of the cycle came as & culmination of years of intensive | observation and analysis in an effort to discover the relationship between | solar radiation and the weather. It first was announced by Dr. Abbot be- fore the National Academy of Sci- ences in the Fall of 1933. For 15 years Smithsonian observers stationed on desolate mountain tops had been mak- ing daily measurements of the heat of | the sun. Three stations—in Cali-| fornia, Chile and Africa—agreed in showing that the heat output con- tinuously was fluctuating. The sun was, in fact, a variable star. Heat Fluctuation. But at first the solar heat seemed to fluctuate in a purely haphazard manner, with no discernible regu- | larity. With more and mor accurate observations with more and more deli- cate ! truments and the use of com- plicated formulae for mathematical | analysis Dr. Abbot gradually was able to unravel the tangled threads. He reached the point where he was able to predict quite accurately what was going to happen on the sun. Now a variation in the heat out- put on the sun should, and undoubt- edly does, cause a difference in the temperature of the earth, which, in turn, would be reflected in rainfall. The exact effect, however, would de- pend largely on conditions on the earth itself. The problem was to tie the solar changes and the terrestrial changes together. Dr. Abbot found that there were 12 recurrir- periodicities in the solar radiation outpr’ anl was able to evaluate them. Then he added them and was able to reproduce the original solar changes for the whole 15 years withing an average monthly discrep- ancy of one-fifth of 1 per cent. Twice he made, and published, predictions of the sun's variation for two years, and his predictions were confirmed with considerable prc “sion. Dr. Abbot found all of these 12 solar SPECIAL NOTICES. gvivm-m\{vtfl TRUCK. MOVE ANY , anywhere, any time: short or_ lo: aistance. $1 hour. Phone Columbia. 1357.5‘4'. SPECIAL PRICES QUOTED ON PAINTING and paper] ing now! Gentile. reliabl ‘workmen; references furnished in all sec- tions of city. Phone Atlantic 3153. 15% York. Freau ecities. “Dependable THE DAVIDSO! CO__Phone Decatur 2500 5 SPECIAL RETTRN-LOAD RATES ON FULL and part loads to all points within 1.000 miles; padded vans: guaranteed service. focal moving also. - Phone National 1460. AT. DEL. ASSOC._INC.. 1317 N. Y. & ._ave, SURNACES — YACUUM CLEANED imates on plumbing and heating. Herms. " CARL ROBEY, INC. 4533 Rock Creek Church rd. n.w._Adams 7989, 15° CHAMBERS s one of the largest undertakers T Colimble 0458 BI7 Lith W atiantic 6700. - P the signatories to these documents. 2. Unprovoked attack by one of the | nations upon another member of the to the assistance of the jeopardized nation. Under the Paris Pact such an attack becomes a violation of interna- tional law and morality. 3. If Italy persists in her declared intention to attack and conquer Ethi- | opia, then her action is clearly in vio- | lation of both the covenant of the League and the conditions of the Paris | Pact. In the event of war the League must, if it discharges its obligations, take military or economic sanctions | against Italy. Says Mussolini Declared War. There is no doubt about the inten- tions of Italy. Mussolini has made these intentions abundantly clear. | He has for all practical purposes al- ready declared war. He has been massing troops on the | border of Ethiopia for months, only | waiting for suitable climatic condi- tions to launch his attack. He has repeatedly stated that League or no no League he will persist in his de- | termination. One certain outcome of this war will be to unite the colored peoples of the world. Grave unrest in all the colonial possessions of the European powers will break out. This will cre- ate a situation the outcome of which is incalculable. In the face of such dangers the Council of the League of Nations has shown an impotence which is ap- palling. Its members, particularly Creat Britain and France, have been League. The European powers are, in fact, | by their cowardice accessories to Mus- They are preventing | military equipment from being sent to ,Ethiopia and this will leave that coun- ['try practically helpless against the | powerful equipment of - the Italian |armies. These powers are leaving Ethiopia to be butchered to make a Roman holiday. No concession which now could be made to Mussolini short of complete conquest of Ethiopia would satisfy him. That aim he has made tragically clear. Austria Declared Next Objective. But Mussolini’'s aim and ambition will not stop short with the conquest of Ethiopia. If he is successful in this enterprise, his next move will be to | absorb Austria, That attempt will bring Germany into the war and as European nations are now bound to- gether with numerable pacts and | treaties a general European war would ! be inevitable. All these terrible consequences are | involved in the Italo-Ethiopian ques- | tion. If this war cannot be averted— and one sees very little hope of it—an- other World War will result and that will end human civilization. There is just a faint chance of pre- venting these consequences. It is that the great powers with the invaluable help of America will muster the cour- age to take a firm line with Mussolini and show him the whole moral force of the world is against him. The united miltiary power of the rest of the world will also be against.him. changes giving their effects separately to weather of all parts of the globe. |Samples of each class of forecast are contained in the report ‘ssued today social or medical “case workers” are | pointed out today that the same in- | said to be on the relief list, officials | dividuals paying the direct pay roll | hope to find enough there with suffi- | tax also would be called on to help | cient educational training to handle | raise the city tax contribution to the | | the investigation and social contact fund. work. Allen today was considering No State Tax Voted Yet. establishment of a case workers' school | Representative Ellenbogen contends to train the needed number of workers | no law is sound that does not call for | if necessary. a Government contribution to the un- | | There now are 6.019 cases of tuber- | employment fund. The Commission- | | culosis officially registered in the Dis- | ers, on the other hand, have empha- trict. Dr. Ruhland believes there are |sized before the Senate Committee 6,000 more persons having the disease | that no State has yet voted a State in some form. He emphasizes the!tax into its unemployment law. need of public co-operation in, his| Elenbogen also will try to restore program. Civic groups will be asked | the House provision giving the Na-! to popularize the plan of having resl- | tional Social Security Board control dents of various sections submit vol-| of the law instead of a District agency. untarily for skin and X-ray examina- | ge will argue that the workmen's tions. These will be similar to those | compensation law has been satisfac- | given last Spring to a large number | torily administered by the United of high school pupils. States Employes' Compensation Com- PR = mission. Chairman King of the Senate group, | however, believes in allowing the Dis- trict as much control as possible over 3 the administration of its own laws, __(Continued From First Page) | just as the States will supervise their unemployment plans. | Security how much more tax revenue the cit; e il Sl Conference Path Smooth. Two items of cost for the first year| No difficulty is expected in confer- are fairly certain, namely: For old- ence over other Senate changes, such age pensions, $350,000; for pensions | s applying the pay roll tax gradually to the blind, $75000. and whatever Starting benefit payments after two additional sum the District govern-| years instead of one, and reducing {ment would have to pay as an em- the pay roll tax after 1940 of em- ployer of a small number of per diem | Ployers who show a good record for | workers who are not under the re- providing steady employment. | {tirement law. If the views of the In urging Congress not to go beyond | Senate prevail the District's new tax | the general trend of State unemploy- burden for all three bills would be less | ment laws, the Commissioners, in their than $300,000 at the outset. report to the Senate, said the District Heavier Burden Possible. is not typical of industrial centers and, OO MANY WOOLEN SUITS--Spring woolens, Fall woolens, Winter wool- . ens—so out they go NOW. No reservations --a $weeping, drastic clearance-featuring hundreds of fine woolen and tropical worsted suits, made to sell in season for 2495 and even more — now reduced to D CHARGEIT Pay in 30 days or scatter payments over several months. Cash if you prefer! But, like all scientists who have tried by the Smithsonian Institution. to trace periodicities in weather, he Factors Are Overlooked. ran into phase reversals. Sometimes| The bad and indifferent forecasts the weather would follow the olaT | piay be explained through the natural variations quite exactly. At other|asqumption that other factors, more times. however, it appeared o act I | or less local, were operating. which jut the opposite manner. were taken into account. Intensive Magic Number 23. study of the actual conditions in each The next step was the discovery| locality must be made before abso- that the alterations of the phases of | lutely accurate forecasts can be ex- periodicities caused by the sun in the | Pected. The purpose of the experi- weather take place abruptly at mul- | Mental forecasts was to demonstrate | tiples of 23 years measured fror Jan- | the reality of the 23-year cycle and its uary, 1819. This 23 years was indeed | 90Minating influence. a magic number for all the 12 solar| The forecasts for 1935 and 1936 If, however, the House should have its way in requiring the District gov- ernment to make a tax contribution per cent of the pay rolls of all em- | ployers affected, a much heavier bur- | den of new taxation would be imposed | on Washingtonians generally. | When the bill left the House several months ago, it provided that unem- | ployment insurance would apply to gll | employers of “four or more” employes, |and on that basis it was calculated the District tax payment would be at least $1.250,000 a year. Adding this to the old-age pensions, blind pen- sions and the District’s contribution | to the unemployment fund equal to 1 periodicities and their weather coun- terparts are contained within it. The net result, as announced by | Dr. Abbot before the National Acad- emy, was that weather the world over fluctuated—specifically for localities because of local conditions—in a great 23-year cycle which was essentially a double sunspot cycle. For example, if the temperature of the city of New York was below normal during the month of January, 1912, it could be expected, all other things being the same, to be below normal in January, 1935. If there was a great drought in Nebraska in the Summer of 1934 subnormal rainfall could be expected in the Summer of 1957. In other words, every 23 years the weather in any particular part of the world tended to repeat itself. This did not mean, of course, that the repetition would be exact from day to day or from month t month. It did not mean—and this cannot be too strongly emphasized—that if the | average temperature of New York/ City in January, 191, was 10 degrees | below normal it certainly would be 10 degrees below normal in January, 1934, It did mean, however, that the par- ticular locality could expect a colder than average January. Solar varia- tion, after all, is only one factor in weather—howsoever dominating it may be. But, as an indication of the enor- mous practical signficance of the dis- covery, knowledge of the 23-year cycle would have made possible the predic- tion of the great Midwest drought. Predictions Undertaken. Following the announcement of the discovery Dr. Abbot set to work at once making actual temperature and rainfall predictions for the three suc- ceeding years. Altogether he made 66 forecasts for different parts of the world. Once the graphs were drawn they were locked up. The forecasts for 1934, however, have been checked against the actual weather for the entire 12 months. They demonstrate in the most force- ful manner the reality of the 23-year cycle. They must speak for them- selves: ‘Twenty-seven per cent of them “hit the nail on the head.” They were ‘almost 100 per cent accurate from week to week. The predicted curves, for example; of the 1934 temperature of Helena, Mont., and of the 1934 rainfall of Chicago fitted the actual curves almost exactly. The “fits” were 50 far beyond the possibilities of pure chance that it would be ridicu- Jous to attribute them to it. Forty-two per cent of the predic- tions Dr. Abbot describes as * " They predicted accurately the general trend of the weather without achiev: ing any day-to-day exactions of tem- perature or rainfall. Seventeen per cent of the forecasts showed a rough fit with actual conditions. Seven per cent, Dr. Abbob admits frankly, were bad. Apparently they show no rela- tionship st all to sctual conditions. remain locked up in the Smithsonian | vaults. They will not be published until Dr. Abbot is absolutely sure that the apparent success for 1934 was |not largely fortutious. The discovery is of such far-reaching consequence that a misleading forecast apparently backed by the authority of the Smith- | sonian Institution might be disastrous {in many lines. For any particular | locality one of those obscure changes of phase may take place which will entirely invalidate the prediction. CONTEST ANNOUfiCED Oratorical | Competition to Be "Bued on Philippine Constitution. | A Nation-wide oratorical contest for and research investigation of the Phil- ippine constitution, was announced | today by Dr. Diosdado M. Yap, direc- | tor of the Philippine Information Bu- | reau, 1107 Pennsylvania avenue. | “Philippine Constitution” will be the | general subject of the speakers. Sep- tember 15 will be the deadline for | entry into the contest. Commissioner Francisco Delgado will donate medals for the winners. HELD IN MAN'S DEATH Police today were holding Robert Jackson, 24, colored, 200 block of Second street southwest, pending a coroner’s inquest into the death of Jesse Ingram, 25, colored, of the Transient Bureau. Ingram died last night at Casualty Hospital. He was said to have been | injured when he fell into an areaway | after being struck on the head with & bottle en August 9. ARMY NAMES TO SENATE President Roosevelt yesterday sent to the Senate names of 4,355 Army officers to be promoted. The list included the names of about 150 leutenant colonels, 500 majors, 1400 captains, 1,500 first lieutenants and nearly 1,000 second lieutenants. Before Selling Investigate the Prices We Pay for OLD GOLD AND SILVER Jewelry of every description, bridge- work, silver No matter how old or dilapidated any foregoing ar- ticiea mieht Be. you will be sreatly :l;fl“l.‘w at cash prices pald (Licensed by U. 8. Gort) SHAH & SHAH 921 F St. NW. Phene NA. 8543—We Will Call LY | Filipinos, designed to encourage study | as an employer of per diem men, the city’s total obligation would have been approximately $1.800,000 a year. The purpose of the House in impos- ing a general unemployment tax on the District Government was to make possible benefit payments to idle workers for 26 weeks a year, instead of the 16 week-period fixed in most of the State laws thus far enacted, and as recommended in the national social security bill. Plea Acted Upon. Acting on the plea of the Com- missioners that Congress should not impose & more drastic law on the Dis- trict than is contemplated in the | States, the Senate Committee elimi- nated the District tax and cut the weeks of benefit payments to 16 a | year. At the same time, however, the Senate Committee gave unemployment insurance here a wider scope than anywhere else by applying the law to all commercial employers of “one or more” persons, excluding domestics in private homes. While Representative Ellenbogen Turn your old trinkets, jewelry and watches into MONEY at— A.Xahn Jne. Arthur J. Sundlun, Pres. 43 YEARS at 935 F STREET THE SIGN OF | therefore, is not an appropriate place | to use as an experimental ground to | work out a model unemployment plan. | The only question likely to require | a conference on the blind pension | bill is the Senate provision to allow | the Commissioners to recover part of | the pension payment from immediate relatives of beneficiaries if they are | financially able to pay. Ellenbogen | does not object to this in the old-age pension bill, but does not believe fl.‘ ilhould be in the blind bill. SOLVE ER SUPPER | [:nfi;ge (heese Makes Wonderful Salads The clever housewife can serve many appetizing and economical hot-weather meals with Cottage Cheese. Try this tempting dish to- morrow—hollow a chilled tomato, fill generously with Thompsow’s rich Cottage Cheese and serve on crisp lettuce leaf. Doesn't that sound good? 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Pure Irish Linen Suits, quaranteed not to shrink . . for only 10.50 . . better get a couple, even for next summer. $6. $7 and $8 SPORT TROUSERS 4.95 THIS AND THAT Drastically Reduced for Clearance 50 36c Scants and Shirts: now. 50 Doz, White Handkerchiefs. or. ready for use, special, dozen_ 120 Pair Men's 50c and 35c Socks: now 3 pairs, §1 soft finished —--$1.23 18 Mesh Sport Shirts, zipper style; now___95¢ 21 $1.65 Cotton Crepe Robes; slippers to match; medium size; now.___________9%e 18 Poles’ Raven Shoet 360 $1.00 and $1.50 Silk Ties; now.__. o e # 65 Pairs $1.00 Fancy Silk Socks: now. ¥ for Pairs Broadeloth and Crepe Pajamas. 48 $1 Belts, white, blue-and-canary; Bt or middy stvie: mow- and cord styles: now- 3 for i 118 £1.95 and $2.50 Fancy Madras and B cloth Shirts: now - o e 3 for $4 190 Pairs Faney Crepe and Broadcloth Sho; are now reduced to._____. 3 for §1.10 131921 F Street N. W. OPEN SATURDAYS DURING AUGUST TIL 2:00 P. M.