Evening Star Newspaper, June 24, 1935, Page 2

DATH VIOLATIONS QUESTION RAISED Enactment and Approval of _Invalid Laws Viewed as Trust Breach. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. The Roosevelt administration s likely to achieve the doubtful distinc- tion of having violated the Constitu- tion more times than any other ad- ministration in American history. Having already been formally re- corded as going beyond the Constitu- tion in five separate instances, the Congress is about to complete and Mr. Roosevelt is about to approve four other measurss which are plainly un- constitutional. While Congress is primarily at fault in passing legislation that is subse- quently declared unconstitutional, the influence and pressure of the Chief Executive are so great that for all practical purposes the executive and legislative branches of our Govern- ment nowadays may be regarded as & unit. The strategy of the New Deal is to pile up all these unconstitutional laws in the hope of developing a wide- spread sentiment in favor of an amendment to change the Constitu- tion so as to give the Federal Govern- ment complete power over business and commerce, whether inside or out- side State lines. Taft Opinion Recalled. This means that, with the execu- tive and legislative branches of the Government practically a unit, there are only two branches of the Gov- ernment—the judicial being ranged | in an unfortunate position of oppo- | sition to the other two. This con- tingency was once commented upon by William Howard Taft, the only man who occupied both the office of President of the United States and also Chief Justice. He had a judicial temperament that enabled him to render well-balanced opinions on con- stitutional law. In a communication to Congress dated February 28, 1913, when vetoing a bill, he wrote: “But it is said that this is & question with which the Executive or membe.s of Congress should not burden themselves to consider or de- cide. It is said that it should be left to the Supreme Court to say whether this proposed act violates the | Constitution. 1 dissent utterly from | this proposition. * * * “The oath that the Chief Execu- tives takes, and which each member of Congress takes, does fiot bind him any less sacredly to observe the Con- stitution than the oaths which jus- tices of the Supreme Court take. It is questionable whether the doubtful constitutionality of a bill ought not to furnish a greater reason for voting figainst the bill, or vetoing it, than for the court to hold it invalid. " “The court will only declare a law fhvalid where its unconstitutionality is €lear, while the lawmaker may very well hesitate to vote for a bill of doubtful constitutionality because of the wisdom of keeping clearly within the fundamental law. Sees Custom an Abuse. “The custom of legislators, and executives having any legislative func- tion, to remit to the courts entire and ultimate responsibility as to the con- stitutionality of the measures which they take part in passing is an abuse which tends to put the court con- stantly in opposition to the Legisla- ture and executive, and, indeed, to the popular supporters of unconsti- futional laws. _ “If, however, the legislators and the executive had attempted to do their duty, this burden of popular disap- proval would have been lifted from the courts, or at least considerably fessened.” There is an even morg¢ pertinent fuotation written by Cooley, the cele- brated commentator on the Constitu- tlon, in his “Principles of Constitu- tional Law.” which applies to what is bappening in Congress today: .~ “Legislators have their authority measured by the Constitution. They are chosen to do what it permits, and nothing more, and they take a solemn oath to obey and support it. When they disregard its provisions, they usurp authority, abuse their trust, and Yiolate the promise they have con- firmed by an oath. “To pass an act when they are fh doubt whether it does not violate the Constitution is to treat as of no force the most imperative obiigation Any persons caa assume. A busi- ness agent who would deal in that manner with his fiincipal's business would be treated as untrustworthy. A wijtness in court who would treat his oath thus lightly, nd affirm things concerning which he was in doubt, would be held a criminal.” Ingeniousness Shown. Members of Congress justify: what they are doing in varicus ways. Some of them do not profess to be constitu- tional lawyers, but follow a few of their colleagues who may be ingenious in trying to stretch ibe law. Bat the real truth is that neither the Senate nor the House has insisted upon an explicit declaration from the Liepart- ment of Justice on every provision of doubtful constitutionality. The mem- bers of Congress would prefer not to ask the Attorney General's of- fice for fear they would be told they could not do what they wished. As for the President, he oo has succumbed to the theory of medern politics; namely, that it is best to legislate first and litigate afterwards. But the issue created by this con- ception of politics, as contrasted with statesmanship, as it was practiced in other generations of the rzpublic, may raise an issue in the next cam- paign that will turn entirely on what the oath of office really meaus. (Copyxight. 1935.) FRENCH VETERANS HOLD MOBILIZATION SECRETLY “Crosses of Fire” Told by Leader Future of France Rests in Their Hands. By the Associated Press. " PARIS, June 24—The Nationalist yeterans’ organization, “Crosses of Fire,” held a second secret mobiliza- tion at Clermont-Ferrand last week end, while Leftists, alarmed at the size What’s What Behind News In Capital President’s Tax Plan Leaves Experts in Dark on Meaning. BY PAUL MALLON. HE political frosting was so thick on President Roosevelt's wealth-taxing program that some confusion has developed as to what is in the cake underneath, if there is a cake. The best tax economists outside the Government have been carving on it among themselves to separate the troth from the substance. What they have found is that no matter how you slice these wealth-sharing suggestions they still amount to little more than good campaign slogans. Not only from them, but also from good New Deal sources, you can learn off the record that this phase was intended primarily as a little political sweeten- ing for Huey Long, who has been sour on the New Deal lately. Mr. Roosevelt wisely neglected to mention any rates for his wealth- sharing inheritance taxes. This makes it difficult, but not impossible, to get a good idea of what to expect from them. s ‘The only rate guide you have is the one offered by Treasury Secretary Morgenthau a few weeks ago. When the bonus was up he suggested a schedule of extra heavy inheritance rates, matching existing surtax rates. He estimated they would raise $300,- 000,000 a year, possibly more. Presi- dent Roosevelt does not want to go that far, so if you take the $300- 000,000 revenue expectation from this source you will have an optimistic advance guess. If you slice this up among 120-, 000,000 people you will find that your slice would be $2.50 a year, which you would not get because it would be applied to reduction of the Federal debt. And if you apply it to a $29,- 000,000,000 debt and compare it with a $8,500,000,000 budget you can see that Mr. Roosevelt will have to go out and slay a lot of millionaires fast to get his books balanced that way. ‘The truth is that the Government may break up a few hundred fortunes this way, but that the great bulk of the wealth of the country does not lie in these bulging reservoirs. To get it another way, 133 estate taxes were paid in 1933 on estates valued at more than a million dollars each. The net taxable worth of these estates was $284,000,000; the Federal tax paid, $28,000,000. If the Govern- ment had seized these estates entirely by a 100 per cent tax on them it would have received only $256,000,000 more than it did. No one is proposing to go more than half that far, including Mr. Roosevelt. Slice the froth off the plan for tax- ing more heavily the incomes of more than a million dollars and you wiil find the same thing. In 1933 there were exactly 46 persons in that class (in 1929 there were 513). Using the latest 1933 figures, you will find the taxpayers in the millionaire income class had a net taxable income of $81,000,000 and paid taxes of $26,- 000,000. 1f the Government had con- fiscated all incomes of more than a million that year its revenue would have been only $55,000,000 more than it was. If this had been shared among 120,000,000 persons it would have amounted to around 45 cents per person. ‘The real meat in Mr. Roosevelt’s tax cake is the proposed graduated tax on business. This is composed of a citrus substance—half orange, half lemon. ‘The orange is for the smaller busi- nesses, whose taxes would be reduced, roughly, 25 per cent; the lemon for the big fellows, who would have their taxes increased that much. If you go into the culinary composi- tion of this scheme you will find the original recipe was written by Supreme Court Justice Brandels. Essentially it is his tax on bigness, milder than he wanted it, but still strong enough to make large corporations want to break up and become little ones. But from. & revenue standpoint the meat itself is rather thin. If you take & million-dollar corporation income as the dividing line between big and little business and apply Mr, Roose- velt’s forntula. you will get $37,000,000 more revenue each year above the line and lose $27,000,000 below it. (Based on returns of 1932, last year available.) The net gain on this basis would be $10,000,000 a year. Add it all up and you will find, if Mr. Roosevelt had seized and confis- cated all estates and all incomes over s million dollars in 1933, he would have obtained only $311,000,000 more than he did—$2.95 for each citizen in the United States. And if his corpora- tion tax had been in effect that year he would have received $10,000,000 more. These figures represent depres- sion jfortunes and depression in- comes. As times get better the revenue would increase, but the figures adequately illustrate the impossibility of making the rich pay more than a small share of the freight. They also show there is more in Mr. Roosevelt’s taz cake than revenue raisins. One smart political economist has estimated that each single letter in each word of the tax message would bring 100 votes to Roosevelt, which observation covers that end of the of the first assembly, charged the government with supporting the * Col. Francois de la Rocque, leader of the organization, flew from Parls to address 10,000 league members in the Clermont-Ferrand district after assembling 20,000 Paris members of his “Shadow Army” yesterday near Chartres. From s farm wagon in the light of R “of torches De la Rocque situation adequately. (Copyright. 1936) Nazi Balloonists Freed. METZ, France, June 24 (A—A party of Nazi balloonists which landed yesterday near the French frontier fortifications was released today after its photographic apparatus was con- fiscated. Authorities said the balloon was told his followers at Chartres “The future of France lies in your hands and you must be ready.” : L THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON BOOTLEGGING QUIZ ASKED IN 80 CITIES Capital Included in Places Treasury Would Probe With Relief Funds. By the Associated Press. Extent of bootlegging in Washing- ton and in four score other eities with populations of 100,000 or more would be investgated with a fund of $1,086,- 941 requested by the T'reasury Depart- ment from work-relief imoney. The investigation would be made by the Treasury alcohol tax unit, the department explained today in » state- ment. “A test program of making a house- to-house canvass in certain collection districts,’ it was sald, “has furnished evidence that certain dealers are be- ing used as outlets for the untax-pald products of bootleggers, and that the illicit operations of the post-prohibi- tion period due to the activities of organized bootleggers, are totally dif- ferent from those encountered by col- lectors of internal revenue prior to prohibition, Keg Liquor Supported. Meantime it appeared on Capitol Hill that whether President Roose- velt likes it or not a House Ways and Means subcommittee is insistent on permitting the sale of liquor in kegs and barrels as well as in bottles. The differences witn the adminis- tration were caused Ly attempts to draft s bill replacing the, Federal Al- cohol Control Administration, doomed to death with the Supreme Court rul- ing on N. R. A. Under Treasury regulations, sale of liquor in anything but bottles was barred. Secretary Morgenthau and Joseph H. Choate, jr., chairman of the old F. A. C. A, sought to let those regulations stay in effect as well as to create & new, independent agency known as the Federal alcohol control commission Democrats on the House Ways and Means Committee demurred. They rewrote the proposed bill to permit barrel sales and put alcohol control under the Treasury. Then Secretary Morgenthau—who had an opportunity but did not ap- pear before the committee during its hearings on the new bill—told news- men that it would take an “army” to enforce liquor laws if barrel sales were permitted. Committee Is Irritated. He added that the President agreed with him. And he said, too, that alcohol control ought to be under a separate agency. Committeemen were obviously irri- tated at Morgenthau's press conference discussion. So the subcommittee re- sumed work on the bill in secret ses- sion. Pirst, it approved the ban against Treasury regulations forbidding liquor sales in kegs and barrels. Then it voted to put the control agency under the Treasury. And next, as one com mitteeman—who asked that his name be withheld—put it: “We had Choate in and told him what we had done. And we told him to tell the President that whether he likes it or not, we're going to insist that they permit liquor to be sold in barrels.” 3 Besides the Treasury request for funds to make its liquor survey, other applications for part of the $300,000,- 000 that is to be used to employ the “white collar” relief class were under consideration today by the Works Progress Administration. Topographic Job Approved. Funds for 2,500 engineers and draughtsmen to aid in completing a topographical map of the United States have been tentatively ap- proved, they said. Other projects likely to be carried out include $65.- 000,000 to provide part-time jobs for 2,000,000 youngsters between 18 and 24 and undetermined amounts for compiling & guide to-the Nation's historical and recreational facilities. These would be under the direction of other Federal agencies, they said, but a substantial number, notably those providing employment for actors, musicians and artists, ‘will be di- rected by local works progress admin- istrators. Numerous surveys to collect in- formation for studies of the Nation's economic life were planned to provide work for young college graduates and others with little or no work experience. Others likely will be given jobs directing playground activi- ties, while unskilled clerical and serv- ant classes will supplement local works progress staffs. No plans will be completed, of- ficials said, until a survey of the kind of work those on relief can do is completed, probably by July 1. REICH OFFIC.IALS DENY FAMED RUNNER DEAD Dr. Otto Peltzer, Arrested June 13, Reported Hanged or Shot to Death in Cell. By the Associated Press. - BERLIN, June 24.—The propaganda ministry today denied a report pub- lished in Paris that Dr. Otto Peltzer, famous German runner, had hanged himself or had been shot to death in his prison cell. “Dr, Peltzer is alive,” & spokesman said. Peltzer was arrested June 13 on a charge of “misuse of his position as a teacher” in the schools of Stettin. Because of his athletic prowess, & Ger- man sports arena is named for him. POET TO WED STUDENT William E. Leonard of Wisconsin U. to Marry Third Time. MADISON, Wis,, June 24 (#)— ‘William Ellery Leonard, famed poet of the University of Wisconsin, yester- day announced he would be married this week to Grace Golden, 27, gradu- ate student at the university. It will the third marriage for the 59-year-old professor. His first wife died and his second was granted a di- vorce & year ago. Contributions made to a magazine of verse brought them together, Leonard said. Death Appeal Dismissed. LONDON, June 24 (#)—The Court occupied by four residents of Munich, | Mrs. Rattenbury, two engineers, an architect and the latter’s wife, but & few days later Mrs. Ratienbury | solve today the fatal CHEVY CHASE BANK WILL PAY §130.000 Dividend Reported Possible Due to Expiration of Agreement With Riggs. Another dividend of somewhere be- tween 15 and 20 per cent probably will be paid shortly to more than 5,000 depositors in the old Chevy Chase Savings Bank, it was reliably learned today. ‘This becomes possible because of the expiration of & contract on substitu- tion of assets with Riggs National ‘Bank, now operating the institution a branch, and because of the con- dition of the receivership. Agreement Has Expired. Under terms of the contract be- tween Riggs Bank and the former conservator of Chevy Chase Bank, as of June 19, 1933, no additional dividend could be paid to depositors of this bank until after two years. The Riggs Bank had the right of substitu- tion of assets, which now has expired. During the period since Riggs bought the old bank buflding and enough of the assets of the old bank to pay an original dividend of 60 per cent, the Riggs substituted a few of these assets for others held by the receiver. Collections by the receivership on the assets of the bank have now amounted to enough, it was learned today, so that it may be possible shortly to pay to the depositors another dividend of between 15 and 20 per cent. This would be in the neighborhood of $130,000. Liability Is $700,000. ‘The deposit liability of the Chevy Chase Savings Bank at the time it was closed during the bank holiday in March, 1933, was about $700,000. Prior to its closing the bank, on February 28, had gone on a 5 per cent with- drawal basis, restricting depositors to a withdrawal of only 5 per cent of their deposits. The 60 per cent dividend was later paid following the Riggs purchase of the old bank on the remainder of the deposits after sub- traction of the 5 per cent. Those de- positors who failed to call for their original 5 per cent were allowed to| get it later. The total amount of | dividends thus paid out of the bank 30 far is more than 60, but not quite 65 per cent, MYSTERY SLAYING HOLDS POLICEMAN/ Denver Officer Unable to Recall | Why His Gun Was in Car With Corpse. By the Associated Press. DENVER, June 24—From vague bits of testimony, police sought to shooting of | Arthur P. Ware, jr., 23, socially promi- nent businessman, whose body, with a bullet through the brain, was found | in his parked automobile. Patrolman Ernest W. Ayers, who reported the death and who was said By Detective Sergt, Charles J. Burns to have admitted he was Ware's com- panion in the machine, was held in jall for questioning. “I can't remember what happened,” the policeman repeated again and again. George W. Marland, chief of police, said Ayers told him he was intoxicated to such a point his mem- ory was a blank until he awoke to find the wounded youth. He said he was unable to explain the presence of his own gun, lying in a pool of blood on the floor of the c one bullet discharged. ‘Ware's death followed an elaborate social reception Saturday. Ayers had been one of the officers assigned to duty at the function. CHILD FOUND ON BUS IS GIVEN CITY'S AID Buffalo Commissioner Orders Girl, 3, Sent There at Municipal Expense. By the Associated Press. BUFFALO, N. Y, June 24—Erie County Welfare Commissioner Joseph R. Reinlander said today he had wired St. Louis, Mo., authorities to send 3- year-old Yvonne Kehoe, found penni- less and alone on & bus in the Western city, to Buffalo at the expense of his department. Reinlander asked that the child be placed aboard a train, instead of a bus. Mrs, Edna Born, social worker, for- merly was in charge of the case in- volving little Yvonne, the commis- sioner said. She recently wrote the child’s mother at Alvin, Tex., in an- swer to a letter, that she could bring the child back here, but local officials ‘were under the impression the mother planned to come with the baby. The mother formerly was & relief recipient ONDAY. JUNE 24, 1935 It took more than a littlewater to halt train service at Dawson Springs, Ky. as the nearby Tradewater River inundated a section of the State, As the above picture shows, the trains continued their regular schedules. The flood took four lives near Bardwell, Ky. ARKANSAS RIVER WATERS SPREAD Cave-Ins Damage Little, Rock Area Property. 3,000 Refugees Aided. By the Associated Press. LITTLE ROCK, Ark., June 24.—As muddy water continued to spread over lowlands in Arkansas today residents found encouragement in a report from the Weather Bureau that barring fur- ther rainfall, stages of the Arkansas River and other major streams will drop rapidly. Crews in the Little Rock area con- tinued their efforts to prevent de- struction of property from cave-ins. Two garages and 15 trees toppled into the river yesterday when a sec- tion of the river bank crumbled. Water spread over Southern Arkan- sas County after a break in the Ar- kansas River levee at Farrelly Lake,| 40 miles south of Stuttgart. Back-| water crept within 20 miles of the | town. A crew of 125 men from Stutt-| gart were at work on levees along the lower course of the river. Bursting of a private levee in the section caused 1,600 acres of hay and cotton to be inundated. At Helena in Eastern Arkansas, the | National Red Cross prepared to ex-| tend aid to 3,000 flood refugees today.| One hundred boxcars were being pro- vided for sheiter. Of an estimated 100,000 acres under water in Phillips County, 50,000 were described as cul- tivatable land. Gillett became a danger spot as| more than 100,000 acres went under water with the overflow threatening | to invade the town. HOLT ASKS YOUTH TO TURN LIBERALIST Government Not Interfering With Business, but Vice Versa, Senator Asserts. By the Associated Press. PITTSBURGH, June 24—Thirty- | year-old Rush D. Holt, Democrat, of | West Virginia, seated in the United State Senate last week as the young- est Senator since Henry Clay, last night called upon the youth of Amer- jca to “turn liberal and progressive,” and denounced ‘rugged individual- ism.” Speaking for 13 minutes on a radio broadcast, Holt charged that instead of “Government interfering with busi- ness, business is interfering with Government,” and asserted the Wag- ner labor bill and the Guffey coal bill are needed reforms. Senator Holt charged that the cry “It's unconstitutional” is raised by “a certain group of reactionaries every time a progressive movement or statute is proposed.” “There is no man who reveres the Constitution of the United States more than I do. But the Constitution is, and was, meant to be so flexible that it would take care of any situa- tion that confronts the country,” he said. “The concentration of wealth must be broken up. We can't allow those in power to amass a fortune at the expense of those at the bottom. Pros- perity starts at the bottom of the here. e DEATH UNSOLVED Maid’s “Confession” in Broker's Demise Is Doubted. NEW YORK, June 24 (#).—The death of a young Long Island sports- man and broker was still tinged with mystery today in spite of a “confes- sion” attributed by Nassau County authorities to a 20-year-old servant girl. John Lyon Burness, 30, was found in the garage at the home of William B. Brown in Atlantic Beach, Long Island, Saturday, apparently the vic- tim of carbon monoxide poisoning. District Attorney Martin W. Little- ton of Nassau County sald Dorothea Kassady, & maid in the Brown home, had admitted she hit Burness on the head with & hammer, then started his car motor and closed the garage doors. An attorney showed, however, that marks on Burness’ face were made after death. She was held on a charge of first degree manslaughter, however, NECK FEARED BROKEN D. €. Girl in Alexandria Hospital After Swimming Accident. Special Dispatch to The Sta heap.” DEATH OF EX-EMPEROR OF ETHIOPIA IS DENIED Addis Ababa Circles Counter Paris Report Lij Yasu Died Six Months Ago. By the Assoclated Press. ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopis, June 24. —Government circles, denying Paris reports that Lij Yasu, dethroned Em- peror of Ethiopia, died in & lonely Mountain-top prison, asserted today he is dlive and being confined in a villa at Garamulata. Since his escape and recapture in 1932, after being confined to a single cell for 12 years, Yasu has been placed in the custody of the present Em- peror Halle Selassie. Government circles said the pris- oner is living in a specially built villa equipped with modern comforts and enjoys amusements, exercise and a certain amount of freedom. JURY TO SEE LOVE FILM “Ecstacy” to Be Shown in Effort to Break Treasury Ban. NEW YORK, June 24 (#.—The Czech motion picture, “Ecstasy,” banned from this country by the Treasury Department for the film's allegedly too realistic love scenes, will be viewed today by & jury and Federal Judge John C. Knox. The showing will constitute part of the Eureka Productions, Inc., suit to compel the to release the picture in the United States. The feminine star in the film is Hedy Kiesler. Her husband, Prits Mandel, Austrian munitions magnate, by he is id all the coples extant. Held in Shooting MISSOURIAN, 70, CHARGED WITH MURDERING FRIEND. JOHN MARCH, 70-year-old Columbia, Mo., cafe owner and candidate for the Mis- souri Republican gubernatorial nomination in 1932, who fatally shot Sam Farrar, 65, paper hanger end March's friend of 40 years. Mafch told the police his reason for shooting Farrar was that the latter had been paying court to his wife. March is charged with first-degree murder for the slay- ing, which took place in the street Jjust two blocks from the Columbia police station.—Wide World Photo. COAL PAY PARLEY DELAY GRANTED Southern Bituminous Pro- ducers Ask Time to Hold Caucus. By the Associated Press. Negotiations on new wage and hour contracts for Appalachian soft coal miners were delayed today when a group of Southern producers asked and was granted time for a caucus. 8. D. Brady, jr.. of Fairmont, W. Va., spokesman for the Southern group, obtained a recess of the joint wage conference immediately after it con- vened. The operators, he said, had not met for several weeks and wanted to dis- cuss the present situation. John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, agreed to a recess until 4 pm. after asserting that the miners were ready to go ahead and reluctant to delay negotiations. Observers hesitated even to guess whether they would reach an agree- ment before the present contracts expire next Sunday midnight. The previous two attempts failed because of uncertainty as to the fu- ture of the Guffey coal stabilization bill, to set up a “little N. R. A." for the bituminous industry. That measure now is on President Roosevelt’s “must™ list, and even op- ponents predict its. enactment. Whether it would reach Mr. Roose- velt's desk for signature this week, however, was questioned. A Ways and Means Subcommittee still has 25 witnesses to hear after it resumes hearings tomorrow. Producers favoring the measure have repeatedly said they would not sign new wage commitments before price fixing was insured by the bill's enactment. ‘The committee of operators against the bill has announced it would chal- lenge the measure’s constitutionality. The mine union still asks a $5.50 besic daily pay in the North and & 30-hour week. Present contracts call for $5 a day and a 35-hour week. HOAX OR NOT, POLICE HUNT KIDNAPED GIRL Note Found by Hitchhiker Checked Against San Francisco Man’s Story of Abduction. By the Associated Press. SAN RAFAEL, Calif, June 24— Still unable to decide whether they were being hoaxed or a young San Francisco girl actually was kidnaped, State highway patrolmen and Marin County officers continued their search today for a mysterious “Mary Hunter.” The search was launched yesterday when a scrawled note, reading “help! help! I'm being kidnaped—Mary Hunter, S. F.,” was found on the Black Point highway near here by a hitch-hiker, who turned it over to Provost Sergt. W. E. Parsons of Hamil- ton Pield, Army bombing base. San Prancisco police reported they had no record of & “Mary Hunter” be- ing missing. Later they recalled that Joe Mclnarich, & restaurant operator, had reported early Thursday morning that he saw two men abduct & girl at the corner of Seventh and Mission streets. This story was being re- checked to determine whether the incident had any conection with the kidnap note, . —A. P. Photo. F.H. A MORTGAGE RATES REDUGED Stewart McDonald An- nounces New Regulations Governing Insurance Plan. By the Associated Press. New regulations govesning the mu- tual morigage insurance plan under the national housing act were an- nounced today by Stewart McDonald, scting housing administrator, Chief among the changes: Reduction of the maximum interest rate allowed on all classes of insured mortgages to 5 per cent annually. Some classes of mortgages have been allowed 5';, per cent. Rates lower than 5 per cent may pe charged by lending institutions. Reduction of the insurance pre- mium on all classes of insured mort- nually. Refund ir. the form of credit to all mortgagors who have been paying in- surance premiums at the old rate of 1 per cent on certain ciasses of mort- gages. McDonald aiso said the procedure for obtaining mutual mortgage insur- snce “has been greatly simplified.” He forecast an acceleration in the volume of mortgage insurance busi- ness as a result of the changes. JOHN ROOSEVELT GETS CARE OF GIRL’S HORSE Louise Barbour, 17, Puts Presi- dent’s Son in Charge of Hunter During Absence. By the Associated Press. BEVERLY, Mass, June 24—John Roosevelt, son of the President, will | quite probably have 17-year-old | Louise Barbour often in mind while she is away in the wilds of Africa this Summer with her parents, for Louise has lent her cherished Irish hunter, Quentin, to John. A U. S. Army horse van in charge of an officer and three enlisted men came to Beverly today and trundled Quentin off to Hyde Park, N. Y. Louise is the attractive daughter of Prof. Thomas H. Barbour of Har- vard and Mrs. Barbour. She has often accompanied her father on trips of exploration. The Barbours are Summer residents of the Beverly Farms section of Beverly and John has several times been a week-end guest. The girl is an out-of-door enthu- siast, an ardent horsewoman and in- terested in various other sports, in- cluding yachting. MINNESOTA PHYSICIANS FIGHT STATE MEDICINE Medical Society Also Commends | Associated Press for Its Accu- rate Reporting. By the Associated Press. MINNEAPOLIS, Minn., June 24— Opposition to any form of State medi- cine or compulsory sickness insurance was voted last night by the House of Delegates of the Minnesota State Medical Society. Meeting in conjunction with the American Association for the Ad- vancement of Science, the Minnesota physicians voted to adopt the Amer- ican Medical Assoclation's program. ‘The House of Delegates, speaking for the 3.000 physicians attending the sessions, also adopted a resolution sin- gling out the Associated Press for commendation . for its “accurate and full reporting of medical matters.” ——e ATTACK TRIAL GUARDED Militia Protects Colored Man Ac- cused by White Woman. JEFFERSON, Ga., June 24 (®).— A detachment of approximately 60 National Guardsmen, specially trained in riot duty, went into action today to keep order at the trial here of a colored man accused of attacking a white woman. The man, booked as J. B. Allen, alias J. B. Reece, was arrested follow- ing an attack on a Nicholson Ga., white woman about two weeks ago. He has been held in an undisclosed jail outside the county and Sheriff B. M. Culberson said bands of men have searched for him without success since the attack. BLAST WRECKS YACHT Explosion Blows New York Wom- an Through Dgor of Cabin. CANNES, France, June 24 (#).—An toinette Converse of New York City, through the door of her cabin. Mrs, Converse was having a pedi- cure when the gasoline fumes ex- engineer, George Baker, was burned |m I gages to one-half of 1 per cent an- | COLLEGE GOLFERS OPEN TITLE RACE Mathis of Wooster and Cole of Notre Dame Finish 83 and 84. BY W. R. McCALLUM. By a Staft Correspondent of The Star, CONGRESSIONAL CLUB, Md, June 24.—Ominous rainclouds held a threat of showers early this afternoon as the bulk of the 130 entrants in the national intercollegiate golf cham- plonship was on the Congressional Country Club course in the first half of the 36-hole qualifying round. Carl Mathis of Wooster College of ©Ohio and William Cole of Notre Dame, the fir®¢ finishers, returned scores of 83 and 34 respectively, while a dozen of their competitors were matching or bettering par of 37 over the first nine holes. Lewis Johnson, jr., College of Charleston, 8. C., played the nines in 35—39 for a T4 to lead the early starters. Jack Malloy of Princeton wound up his round with an eagle deuce on the 300-yard eighteenth hole to score a 172, even par, and take the lead. Mal- loy played the nines in 36 each, bag- ging two deuces, orie a birdie on the third hole and the other the eagle on the final. He drove the eighteenth green and holed a 15-footer for the deuce. Morse Erskine, Stanford, who shot the lowest practice score of 69, 3 under par, turned the outward nine in 39. Other prominent entrants were hav- ing trouble with the thick rough and narrow fairways. Among these was 19-year-old Bobby Riegel, University of Richmond Jad who won the South- ern championship only two days ago. Riegel took 44 strokes to cover the first nine. Then Kong of George Washington University scored 41 for the first half of his early round. Hamilton College 89. F. B. Govern of Hamilton College shot himself out of the picture with & score of 89. Burton Gookin, North- western University, returned an 83. ‘William Byrnes of Georgetown Uni- versity finished his morning round with an 84. Robert McLaughlin, his partner, a Buffalo U. golfer, took the early lead with a 77. Jimmy Lee, another Georgetown U. entrant, finished his first round with an 81. Wilson Coffin, a North Caro- | lina University golfer, took 0. W. B. | Brown of the Naval Academy needed a 99. | H. A. Burke, William and Mary.. 80 A. L. Schomp, jr., Princeton 81 Morse Erskine, Stanford. 81 Verne Stewart, Stanford. 80 | Ellis Gates, Bowdoin. . 90 Tom Draper, jr., Washington U... 75 C. S. Munson, Yale...veessesesss 80 {ITALISN WAR PREMIER’S DAUGHTER ON WAY HERE Miss Carla Orlando Expresses Herself at Odds With U. S. Critics of Mussolini Regime. By the Associated Press. PITTSBURGH, June 24.—Miss Car- la Orlando, daughter of Vittorio Or- lando, the war premier of Italy, who retired from public life in opposition to Fascism, says she thinks Premier Mussolini’s policies are all right. Stopping in Pittsburgh en route to ‘Washington on a lecture tour, Miss Orlando was honored by club women at a tea. ‘The daughter of the ex-premier ex- | pressed herself at odds with American | critics of the Italian regime. “Why did American papers print reports that Mussolini is having a hard time recruiting soldiers for war in Ethiopia”? she asked and added: “All Italy is behind Mussolinl. To | Italians this is not a war of aggres- sion, but & war of defense—defense of our borders in Africa.” LEGISLATURE ADJOURNS | Body, | Expects to Be Called Back Soon. HARRISBURG, Pa., June 24 (#).— The 1935 General Assembly, whick created new taxes to yield $125,000,000 and set aside $148,000.000 to run the government for two years, has ad- Jjourned to await summons for & spe- cial session. Departing leaders of both Houses predicted freely that need for new | relief financing will bring the legisla- tors back to the capitol late this Fall or soon after the first of the year. A few minutes before the session ended, the two Houses approved bills which will enable Pennsylvania to share in the Federal Government's $4,800,000,000 work-relief program, Pennsylvania However, NEW CABINET SOUGHT BELGRADE, Yugoslavia, June 24 (#)—Milan Stoyadinovich took up today the task of forming & new gov- ernment to replace that of former Premier Bogulyub Yevtich, under whom he served as finance minister. Commissioned by the regency to form the new ministry, Stoyandino- vich immediately called the leaders of all factions into conference. He was expected to give representation to the opposition to the Yevtich regime. The chief regent, Prince Paul, gained a promise of Croat co-opera- tion, although it was not expected that Dr. Viadko Machek, leader of the Croats, would take a portfolio. Senate. Debates revised Bankhead farm ten~ ant bill. Banking Committee studies currency control provision of omnibus bank bill. Munitions Committee asks legisla- tion to “police” shipbullders.” House. Considers District measures. Ways and Means Committee con- tinues hearing on Guffey coal bill. TOMORROW, of Columbia House. Program uncertain; may consider either T. V. A. or holding company ‘bills. Senate. May take up resolution continuing nuisance taxes, if farm tenant bill s Agriculture Committee, meeting on A. A. A. amendments. . ‘Conferees meeting on legislative ap- . propriation bill. . [ 4 4