Evening Star Newspaper, May 13, 1935, Page 8

A8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY........May 13, 1935 JHEODORE W. NOYES. . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office. 11th 8t and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t Chicago Office: Lake Michizan Building European Office; 14 Regent St. London. England Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition. The Evening Star 45¢ per month The Evening ana Sunday Star (wnen 4 Sundays) 60 per month ‘The Evening and Sunday Star (wnen 5 Sundays) 65¢_per mo: The Sunday Star e per ¢ ight Final Edition. feht Final and Sunday Star 70c per month ight Final Star. 55¢ per month nth 0Dy which is a high return for a small investment. But, of course, that is only a hypothesis, subject to breaks in the chain, which are practically cer- tain to occur. For there are many | people who are by nature opposed to | anonymous appeals of any sort and | who are also opposed to any form of gambling. It is claimed on behalf of the chain letter that it puts money in circula- tion. It assuredly does that—literally, But it is obvious that if a chain is continuous this money will not be in | circulation in the sense of being put | to work at once, for it will keep on | going through the mails over and over again. Of course, the day comes will eventually receive about $16,000, | checks from the Government. Does THE EVENING any one believe that the New Deal policies could have been forced upon the people had there not been the “handout” that goes with them? Would wheat farmers, cotton farm- ers and others have agreed to curtail their crops and their acreage if they had not been paid to do it? Had "me Roosevelt administration under- | taken to enforce a law limiting pro- | duction without paying the farmers, | how far would it have been able to g0? And yet the claim is that the | curtailment of production is the real | thing that is saving the farmers. | That it is limiting production in | this country and at the same time | | bringing greater ‘production of farm | STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY, MAY 13, 1935. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. A retentive memory must be a great | sort to a series of note books, or some blessing. other type of bookkeeping. * k ¥ * Those who lack it may envy its for-| 14 would be easy, if one might say tunate possessors. that the whole trouble of a poor It is something which, despite clllmstmemory is due to the fact that one deal with matters not that 1t may be cultivated, seems to be | 18 Sttempting to deal congenial. as near to an instinct as any. 1f it were only that easily disposed A good memory is a human instinct; | of, a_course of re-education, or a ne either has it or does not, and no | change of scene and occupation, might 2 9 Shes TG (& end the troubles of every man when amount of taking thought will make | iy comes to a poor memory. anything but poor imitations. Such is not the s o . er- Possessors of good memories spe| . J5 16 Weil known that mmvy B | fectly intelligent people have the distinguished 'by their grasp of the pardest time imaginable recalling what when some of it will be spent. Easy | produce in other countries to take the | Collection ‘made af the end of each | money is usually easily wasted. | month Orders may be sent by mail telephone National 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Datly and Sunday .1 yr. $10.00; 1 mo.. 85¢ Daily only .....1¥r. $6.00:1mo. 50c Sunday only 1yr] $400: 1 mo. 4uc All Other States and Canada. Dally and Sunday 1 vr..S 1 mo.. $1.00 | Daily o 1 el $K00: 1mol % Sunday $5.00: 1 mo. - Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively en: titled to the use for republidation of all news dispatcl es credited to it or not other- wise credited in this paper and also the local news nublished herein All rights of nubl n of special dispatches herein are also reserved —_— S Marshal Pilsudski. | Chaotic and perturbed Europe faces new and complications with the p: g of Poland's “iron man,” Marshal Joseph Pilsudski, dic- tator at Warsaw for the past nine| years. By the irony of coincidence, he disapp wersary of his accession to supreme authority in 1926 Bestriding the incalculable s on the exact anni- scene with the re- Jentless force invoked by Mussolini in Italy and Hitler in Germany h Pilsud- dictators ratic insti- eki shared with fellow their contempt tutions and lived to see his personal control of Poland become omnipotent is 1 achievement, the passage titutional reform bill in March, wiped out all vestige of popular government and virtually crowned e veteran soldier-statesman demc 1 al or | If and when any of those who are | now bulging the mail bags with chain | letters should be rewarded with a small fortune, he surely should make his identity known, as do the lucky ones who make big winnings in the sweepstakes. e ‘Wanted—$1.20. In an interview carried in The Sun- day Star, Dr. Ruhland, the new health officer, emphasizes the importance of safeguarding the health of individ- als as the essential element in safe- guarding the health of the com- munity. Washington's disgracefully high death rate from tuberculosis and the high prevalence of tuberculosis | here do not result so much from any peculiar physical disabilities of the city, such as location, climate and ele- ments of population, as from the lack of proper facilities for reaching the individual for examination and later preventive treatment. And this fail- ure is remedied best by the provision of adequate funds to engage medical and other personnel and proper equip- ment. One of Ruhland’s first under- takings as public health officer has cen the widespread drive among school children—a campaign which will result in physical and other ex- aminations to determine tuberculosis infection among a large portion of the population in time to check later rav- ages by necessary treatment and fol- sutc low-up work in the homes. It may Biadsls vke Gy poner St I MR | o0 Vours o) Menuiiinate shets eollapse of Poland's ill-starred efforts, | (0 & VA 9 COMOISTale statis in which Ignace Paderewski was a e lowering the death rate from this leading factor, to maintain democratic government under a parliamentary system As cabinet afi cabin jgnominiously toppled, amid chronic chaos and turmoil, Pi , emerg- ing from retire nt. appeared in 1926, at the head ry force and himself master of the ‘Warsaw on May 12 of a m proceeded to make the situation. He was offered formidable presidency, but chose to accept the posts of premier, minister of war and inspector general of the army. In those key capacities he arrogated to himself the authority of a dictator and as such continued to direct Po- land's destines unchallenged to the end. The country’s internal condition was steadily strengthened and its in- ternational prestige enhanced. A sol- dier and patriot who had undergone exile to Siberia rist days and fought gallantly for independence against Germany in the World War, Pilsudski won the love and devotion! of his people, who came to feel that in his stern hands their fate could safely be reposed Europe’s interest in the marshal's death is concerned with its effect upon Poland's foreign relations. The in cza Iate dictator ranked as Germanophile | cents, while the desirable standard Though his weight was not immense, m his sympathies following his con- clusion of a ten-year non-aggression | does not require extended research to | Though he sometimes had a spil, pact with Hitler in 1934. Since then the Poles’ ardor for France has per- | protective devices found in other pro- | Had his trusty jacknife still, eeptibly cooled, despite the continu- | ance of the Franco-Polish military | alliance. Only this week end saw the presence in Warsaw of Foreign Minister Laval, who, en route to Mos- | cow to seal the Soviet-French entente, | desired to asswre Marshal Pilsudski | that the new treaty is in no way de- signed to weaken France's ties with | Poland. ‘What Europe now waits anxiously to | ree is whether Poland without its rtrong man will drift further into Nazi Germany's arms or decide that its interests lie in co-operation with Russia and France. Many Poles real- ize that Germany has only pos‘puned.‘ not abandoned, her purpose some day | to recover Danzig and the Corridor.! Now that the iron hand of the dic- | tator is withdrawn, the republic may | determine that it is to powers other | than the Nazi Reich that Poland will single disease, but it is a step that can hardly fail to produce excellent resuits Dr. Ruhland does not conceive of public health protection as requiring the use of involved and muysterious methods understood only by physicians and beyond the ken of general public understanding. Any public health program has for its chief objective the reaching of individuals who are otherwise not reached by the private | physician. It is largely a work of pre- | vention and also a work of edu-| cating the general public in the ad- vantages as well as the necessity of precautionary measures. And the | ability of a public health department | to undertake and make effective such | programs depends upon its possession of adequate personnel and equipment Dr. Ruhland has been confronted with no great mystery in seeking the explanation of certain defects in the | city’s health. There is no great my: tery in why there should exist a spe- cial hazard from diphtheria in a city | where public funds for the purchase | of preventive serums have been ex- | hausted. 1f Washington's per capita expenditure for public health is eighty has been found to be two dollars, it | find why Washington lacks certain gressive American cities. | One of the first objectives of a | sound public health program for | Washington must be to obtain that | dollar and twenty cents, representing | the difference between adequate and | inadequate public health insurance. N | If there is an automobile crash there | is at least a court adjustment. An air- | plane crash is not likely to get much beyond the coroner’s jury. ] Why Conservative? Because John D. M. Hamilton, RP-’ publican national committeeman for Kansas, has decreed that Simon Fish- | man, a State Senator who has ac- | cepted a three-months appointment as field lecturer for the A. A. A, is not to go as a delegate to the Republican @0 best to look for its salvation and ; Midwest conference in Springfield, Ill., future development. A keen compe- tition for Polish favor looms as the next move on Europe's fevered chess- board. ——— War in Africa may be averted. Any positive prospect of peace in the East- ern Hemisphere may be regarded as a diplomatic triumph. N The American Sweepstakes. Just who started the chain letters that are now sweeping to and fro over the country, each asking that a sum of money be sent to a named person with the prospect of reward in re- ceipt of dimes or quarters or dollars from hundreds, perhaps thousands, of other people, will probably mever be known. But whoever did it certainly started something that has grown to immense proportions and has brought in a very large sum to the postal rev- enues. It is not altogether a new scheme, In one form or another it has heretofore appeared, usually with- out any monetary factor. Chain let- | ters of good wishes have run their | course in the past, sometimes with the sinister accompaniment of menace of {1l fortune if the chain is broken. In its last analysis the cash-chain Jetter is a gamble. The person who | responds by sending a coin or a bill | to the one named first in the list | which heads the communication, adding his own name at the bottom, is taking chances that all of those named in the letters next to be writ- ten will comply with the request. It has been computed that if this hap- pens—on the dollar basis—each donor | it is immediately charged that the G| | 0. P. is going conservative. While | |the G. O. P. conceivably might go | conservative, it is idle to predict such a course for the Republican party merely because a man who is sup- porting the Roosevelt farm program as a lecturer in the field is to be ex- cluded from Republican party coun- ‘mls. When the G. O. P. goes into battle with the Roosevelt Democrats lnext, year it will get nowhere if it is to praise the Roosevelt policies. | An attack on Roosevelt policies | should not stamp an individual or a | political party as necessarily conserv- | ative. No one, for example, would be 1 likely to charge Senator Huey P. Long | of Louisiana with being conservative, yet he has thrown more bricks at the | Roosevelt policies and administration | than have any of the Republican | critics. Attacks on bureaucracy and regimentation, upon interference with the rights of individuals to conduct their business as they see fit, all of | which are found in the high-sounding 1nationa.l and economic planning of the New Dealers, also need not come only from conservatives. The Roosevelt administration has millions of dollars to hand out to wheat farmers, cotton farmers, to- bacco farmers, corn and hog farmers, to the destitute and to industries. It has been able to prevail upon a great | number of the people to go along with it in its experiments. Mr. Fishman, in advocating the continu- ance of the A. A. A. program, par- ticularly as it relates to wheat, is only doing what thousands of others are doing who have received their . ’ | Are tariff problems—nothing more. place of the cotton and other pro-| duce plowed under at the orders of Secretary Wallace and his assistants | may yet dawn upon the American | farmers. The hope is that it will not | dawn too late. ‘There is a desperate drive now to force through this Congress additional legislation still further strengthening the hands of the Secretary of Agri- culture in dealing with the American farmers. A farmers' march on the National Capital to “demonstrate” the | sentiment of the farmers in favor of the A. A. A. is under way. These | farmers have had their checks from | the Government for cotton, wheat, | corn and hogs. Mr. Simon, to whom | National ~Committeeman Hamilton | has taken exception as a Republican | delegate to a Republican conference, is part of this drive. Hamilton insists that Simon is not a Republican. Perhaps he is right. e x Mother’s day is celebrated with no less enthusiasm because so many rough youngsters were allowed to go un- spanked when they needed it most. It is a time not only of gentle remem- brance, but of affectionate mutual forgiveness. - Some sensational murders rumored in neighborhaad news never happened. | All that is needed to restore suburban peace and quiet is a reliable demon- stration that the financial shortages so freely discussed never existed ex- cept as frustrated gang plots. - It is the business of a brain trust to come as near as possible in demon- strating that a government is just as easy to run as a Western farm when all the scientific arrangements are completed. | President Roosevelt's practice of telling many things “off the record” serves in some degree to stop any further use of Al Smith's favorite phrase, “Let's look at the record.” - Reorganization of the Republican party calls for an early reminder that there will be black balls on hand for any wouid-be joiners with radical ten- dencies. e In his decisions on national mone- tary affairs Controller General McCarl enjoys the advantage of being a one- man authority never bothered by a five-to-four decision, —— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON ] Intellectual Triumph, Farmer sat upon a fence; He would think and whittle, That top rail was brittle. | He showed zeal increasing; And whittled on unceasing. Farmer went from year to year, Holding to his habit. “Agriculture” brought him cheer, As his word he'd grab it. His “Department” he would make Source of all opinion. Whittling on he'd overtake A supreme dominion. Influence. “Why don't you come forward as a | reformer?” “I have done so0,” said Senator Sorghum. “But in my community the reformers never seem to control as many votes as the backsliders.” Jud Tunkins says you can't often expect as good a show in the main tent as the barkers are giving on the outside, Economy and Economics, To bargain counters now I go And marvel at the generous show. ‘Where once such prices low I'd find. With cheer they'd surely fill my mind. These international questions rise On every hand to bring surprise. And those cheap price tags in the store At Home. “A woman’s place is in the home,” said Mr. Meekton. “Of course it is,” said his wife. “At least long enough to turn on the radio and get the hot political news.” Distribution, The righteous man will toil and save And never, never misbehave. His wages all are swiftly spent For food and fuel and the rent; While he who runs a crooked game Escapes with some few words of blame. He buys & suit of clothes brand-new And pays a smart attorney, too. “Pride is misleadin’,” said Uncle Eben. “It's generally when a man begins braggin’ ‘bout what a great card player he is dat he begins to overplay his hand.” Pomological Problem. From the Lowell (Mass.) Evening Leader. Now the scientists tell us that Eve's apple was really a peach. Anyhow, for Adam it turned out to be & lemon. ——— Culture. From the Austin (Tex.) American. In this free land any man can acquire culture if he has a lttle money and & wife o kick his shins. 3 least detail of everything they hear or read. | Most persons can recall the “high | yithout thereby being able to work up | spots” of conversations or books, but | only owners of really fine umorles, are able to remember instinctively the lesser points. | ¥ s x | Perhaps in no way is the retentive memory such a help as in regard to books. | In a sense, of course, it makes not the slightest difference whether the reader recalls what he reads. | It is generally held the test of in- telligence, not whether one remembes exactly, but whether one knows where to look Recollection which goes no farther than the source of thoughts dimly held in mind is supposed to be enough. | Just as long as a reader knows ne | s read something or other, and can | put his finger on it.” he is held to be astute enough for all ordinary pur- poses. Yet it may be submitted that one thus loses something. P * Surely the reader who can recall every word, if necessary, of what he has read has in his possession some- | thing not even dreamed of by those who remember only the high lights. It is something to know where to look. A great many persons are not even gifted to that extent. What they read goes in one eye and out the other They are never sure where they read something Taking thought, in this matter, is scarcely to be commended. for it means that too mathematical an ap- proach must be made to something which, in the first and last analysis is strictly non-mathematical. The instinct comes in here. He who remembers, simply because | he remembers, is doing it in the right | way, without stress or strain where the essence of the matter calls for no stress and strain He who attempts to recall by force of will, in the same way that one hammers home a nail, is going to be a loser in the long run - x Thus we preach a doctrine of help- lessness, when it comes to memory, and we believe we are absolutely right in_the matter We have been observing the differ- ence between those who by their very natures have good memories, and those who have attempted, by taking thought, to force themselves to recall what they ought to recall And the victory les with the former group. They are so far ahead, in their abil- ity to use what they know, and in the sheer joy of their krowing, that there is no comparison Our observation is ,that he who | strives is lost, or at least loses so much of the joy of memory that he might as well save himself the trouble, or r some one or other said or wrote. Many persons become tremendously interested in botany, for instance, a diligent recollection of what they read They forever are details. ‘Their grasp of the science of bot- any may be good—better than that of some friend who knows less but recollects more. vet, in the face of a quizz, they stumbling over | would seem to be far less well read. * i 1s it the seeming, then, wherein the errog lies? » We may well think it is. What one can demonstrate some- times # not as important as what one can Know. What ohe has, for one’s self, whether | able to prove it to another or not, is really what counts for life satisfaction. On every side, however, the un- happy human scene is confronted by the plain fact that just the opposite 15 popularly held Gain is the criterion, and too often the only criterion He who dares assert otherwise ds held the dreamer, the visionary, the impractical one 7 e He who has a poor memory may console himself with the belief that retention of every detail of a subject is a gift at the best, or a trick, at the worst It a habit with some people. ® Those who have it not, or who do not seem to be able to acquire it, need not thereby lament too strongly their failure It is something, where to look! The vast reservoirs of knowledge are open to the earnest seeker. Perhaps it is just as well, too, for the eminently honest person to be perfectly honost with himself in this matter. If he realizes his own failure—and s much company—he will be ble toward the faults of others. indeed, to know ci He will not scold or otherwise display a bad temper when some one else makes a blunder through lack of re- . membrance Those who say they “forget” may have done so “1 forgot” is not in good standing as an excuse, but often it is the truth, so0 long held up to veneration “He is a brave man who is able to say “I do not know,” when he does not. So, too, should e regarded the man who says, "I forgot,” when, in- deed, he A man without an ear or an eve is recognized by every one, but because a memory is invisible all are supposed to have one. But memory is not like an ear, which one either has or has not: a memory may be large, small, good. bad or indifferent and varying through all degrees in the same person, according to the temperament, education, background and many other matters. As the zero hour House-Senate bonus battle ap- proaches, Washington is immersed in the biggest guessing contest of the New Deal in a frenzied effort to fore- cast whether Presiden. Roosevelt or | the bonusites will win the day. Pri- vate polls still indicate that a veto will be sustained by a satisfactory margin. Roosevelt leaders are hope- ful that at least four or five Senatoss, having gone on roll-call record for the bonus, will now feel at liberty to “stand by” the President as they previously “stood by” the veteran: The necessary switches are expecte among both Democrats and Repub- licans, but until there is an actual | vote on the veto no one can fore- | shadow with certainty just what's going to happen. R. F. C. Chairman Jones’ statement that the bonus can | be paid without imposing an “‘un- bearable burden” upon the Nation's finances has had the effect of a| bombshell in administration quarters because of the fear that it may in- fluence just enough wavering Senators to permit a veto to be overridden. x k x % What Carter Glass of Virginia thinks should be a United States Senator’s creed is set forth in his ac- ceptance of a medal for “distin-| guished service” just conferred upon him by the National Institute of So- cial Sciences in recognition of his contributions to banking reforms. Senator Glass said: “I have a dis- tinct distaste for the modern-day in- terpretation of the phrase ‘public | servant.” To me it was never in- tended to mean abject subservience | to the popular will, however unin- formed or misdirected. of his State and subject every mo- ment to the promptings of his own | son, is more than 100 per cent above | conscience and the preservation of | corresponding figures for the same | his own intellectual integrity. I learned long ago—indeed, I did not | have to learn, because it is a self- evident proposition—that the public man who permits himself to pause long enough to inquire whether a thing is popular or unpopular, in- stead of seeking to know whether it is right or wrong, is not only use- less, but dangerous to his country. | He is a coward, to begin with, and a menace always.” * * x % Gen. Hugh S. Johnson recently ad- dressed what was described as a Dem- ocratic rally at Mayfield, Ky., which is apparently the first time during the New Deal that he has taken to the platform under political auspices. It | may be that the former keeper of the Blue Eagle means thus to signalize his entry into the party arena and to betoken his reputed ambition some day to come to the United States Sen- ate from Oklahoma. Johnson told the Kentucky Democrats that the United States Chamber of Commerce is right in asking for relief from business uncertainty, but is wrong in opposing pending legislation in Con- gress, especially the project to prolong the life of N. R. A. * Kk ¥ ¥ Former Senator Moses of New Hampshire thinks the Republicans are likely to nominate a dark horse for President in 1936, rather than any of the men now out in front. One of the very darkest horses yet trotted out is Pennsylvania Supreme Court Justice George Wendell Maxey. Ac- cording to a& story circulating in Washington, he enjoys the favor of former Secretary of the Treasury Og- L | | WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM W1 in the Whiteden L. LE. who is said to have toasted him publicly in Scranton the other day as a man who measures up Mills, to the party's requirements. There's a suggestion that the jurist is also well thought of by Herbert Hoover. Justice Maxey is 57 years old, & native Pennsylvanian and a graduate of the Universi of Michigan. pointment to fill a vacancy on the Pennsylvania Supreme bench he was elected in 1930 for a full 21-year term. Pennsylvania having become a perfectly good Democratic State, a Keystoner, hitherto banned because Penn's Woods ranked as safe for any Republican presidential candidate, may now have a look-in at a G. O. P. national convention. e Apparently the New Deal's far-flung policy of placing high-powered news- paper men in charge of departmental press relations has made a deep im- | pression in President Roosevelt's old stamping ground at Albany. Gov. Lehman has just signed a bill creating a bureau of State publicity in the ‘conservation department. Its purpose is to glorify and promote the ad- standing business and residential region. The bureau will operate under an initial appropriation of $100,000 and be presided over by Allan Reagan, former sports editor of the Albany Times Union, at a salary of $6.000 a vear. Gov. Lehman thinks the Empire State has been too modest in propa- gandizing its charms and attractions. % ek If American globe-trotting propen- sities are any criterion of prosperity. happy days are here again. One of the leading tourist organizations an- I prefer to nounces that actual travel to Europe | think of a United States Senator as | from the United States from January | the representatives of the sovereignty |1 to May 1 this year, together with, advance bookings for the Summer sea- period in 1934. It is now indicated that 1935 will be the best American- European travel year since 1930. Cele- bration of King George's silver jubilee is one of the principal causes of heavy trans-Atlantic bookings, but chiefly responsible, tourist authorities say, is the vanishing depression. S Senator McAdoo. Democrat, of Cal- ifornia, told the Senate during the recent bonus debate how, while he was war-time Secretary of the Treasury, he discovered that even Wall Street mag- nates do not know what inflation is. Once upon a time he invited a visit- ing committee of “the most eminent bankers in the United States” to sub- mit to an experiment. They had come to protest against an alleged “inflationary” issue of Federal Re- serve notes.. McAdoo suggested call- ing into the room the best stenogra- pher in the Treasury and having the bankers, one at a time, dictate their definitions of inflation. They pon- dered a moment and said they would like to ponder over the proposition. Then they notified the Secretary that they did not care to undergo the test. “I want to emphasize this story,” Mc- Adoo told the Senate, “because the question as to what is inflationary and what is not is purely a matter of con- jecture.” (Copyright 1935.) A Mere Matter of Form. From the Detroit News. The Texas Legislature refuses to outlaw breach of promise suits. As the Lone Star State is great shotgun country, the question is largely aca- L After ap- | The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. United States Senate, since the ap- pointment of former Representative Chavez of New Mexico to fill the va- cancy caused by the tragic death of | publican. Today only 68 of these seats are filled, however. Chavez, Sen- ator-designate, has not yet arrived in the Capital to take his seat. Rush D Virginia last November, has not pre- | sented himself to be sworn in and |take up the duties of & Senator be- cause he is under the senatorial age prescribed by the Constitution—30 | years. He is expected to do so when he reaches that age on June | Whether he will be seated, however, is | still something of a question. There is a very nice point as to whether a man may be elected Senator of the United States when he is not quali- | fied to serve. The Constitution lays | down three qualifications which a | man must have to serve in the Senate. No person, the Constitution says, shall | be a Senator who has not attained 30 | years of age, who has not been nine | years a citizen of the United States, {and who shall not, when elected. be an inhabitant of the State for which he is chosen. Holt was elected to the | Senate six months ago, but because ! he had not one of these qualifica- tions he and his supporters have not been willing to risk his presenting himself to take the oath of office. % % % Whether, by waiting until June 19, | when Holt becomes 30 years old, the Senator-elect will have cured this defect—so far as his election in 1934 !is concerned, is still to be determined. Some of the Senators looking into the matter are by no means certain that he will have done so. There was the case of Albert Gallatin. elected a Senator from Pennsylvania in the early days of the Republic. Gallatin had not been a citizen of the United States for the requisite nine years when he was elected. He was per- mitted to take his seat. But a r later, although by that time he had been a citizen of the United States for nine years, he was ousted from the Senate because he had not been qualified at the time of his election The argument is advanced in some quarters that the Holt case is really on all fours with the Gallatin case, so far as his right to have a scat in the Senate is concerned. Further- more, it is argued that if a man may be elected a Senator at 29 years of age, he may be elected when he is 28 or 27 years old, and being com- pelled to wait until he is 30 years of age, deprive a State of its right to be at all times represented by two Senators in Congress. Since Con- gress met on January 3 of this ye West Virginia has had but one vote o ok Former Senator Hatfield of West Virginia, Republican, has filed a peti- tion and a contest against Hoit with the Senate and it will be considered by the Committee on Privileges and Elections, of which Senator George is chairman. Even if Holt should be denied a seat on the ground that he was not qualified when elected, Hat- field would not be seated. What would happen is that the Democratic Gov- ernor of the State would appoint a Senator to fill temporarily the vacancy and an election would be held later. In this connection, an editorial which recently appeared in the Charleston Gazette on May 1, is not without in- terest. That newspaper is published by former Senator Cilton of West Vir- ginia, a Democrat, who served during | the Wilson administration. In this | editorial editor speaks of “the unfortunate chain of events” which has resuited in giving West Virginia only one Senator. He calls attention also to the fact that the law of West Virgy provides that every candi- date for the Senate shall certfy by a statement filed with the secretary of State 30 days before the election, that “he is eligible to hold office.” He also calls attention to the fact that such a certificate was filed by Holt. A lot of people are interesting themselves in this Holt case. The Senate can decide it any way it likes, since it is the sole arbiter. Certainly there are plenty of Democratic votes to seat Holt if the matter is con- | sidered a party issue. There seems no particular reason why it should be a party issue, however, for a Dem- | ocratic Governor would supplant Holt with another Democrat if he had an appointment to make. It has been | suggested that he might give the appointment to Clem Shaver, former | Democratic national chairman, who was a candidate for the nomination against Holt. * ok ok % Senator-designate Chavez was re- ported today to be on the train com- ing to Washington to take his seat, | perhaps tomorrow, or next day. When | he arrives the Democrats will have 69 Senate seats. When in June, how- ever, the Senate decides the Holt | vantages of New York State as a|case, another Democrat from West | resort and travel area and as an out- Virginia is sworn in, the make-up of | the Senate will be 70 Democrats, 24 | Republicans, 1 Farmer-Laborite and 1 Progressive. Yet, in spite of this | huge majority of Democrats in the | Senate, which almost matches a simi- larly huge majority in the House, the Roosevelt program continues to lag |in the Upper House. So far only one | of the major parts of this program | has passed the Senate, the $4,880,- 000,000 work-relief law. R The fact that this strongly Demo- cratic Senate is balking against the Roosevelt legislation is a strange political paradox. The Senate has been balky many times in the past, as both Republican and Democratic Presidents have found. But never has a political party held such a strongly dominant position n the Upper House. It does look as though | with more than two-thirds of all the votes in their hands, the Democrats could do as they desired in the Upper | House. The New Deal has split them, | however. In addition there is the Senator from Louisiana, Huey Long, who hates the Roosevelt administra- tion and all its works. One thing after another has come up to halt the progress of legislation in the Senate this session. There was | the long delay over the relief bill, due | to the insistance of Senator McCarran | of Nevada, Democrat, and others that |a prevailing wage be paid on work- relief projects, instead of the “security wage” proposed by the President It finally went through as the President desired. When this work-relief pro- gram gets under way, it will be in- teresting to see what kind of a wage is paid. ahd how labor takes to it. Then there came the interjection of the anti-lynching bill by Senators The Democrats nave 70 seats in the | the late Senator Bronson Cutting, Re- | ANSWERS TO A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The ' Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Wash- ington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Do any boys enter C. C. C. camps who cannot read and write?>—S. H. A, There are many. More than write. Q. When will the Government nar- | cotic farms open for patients?—R. C, A. The Public Health Service says that the first United States narcotic | open until on or after May 29 Plans BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. QUESTION draw at once more money, or all the certificates call for. Q. How can a parchment diploma be cleaned?—M. 8. A. A parchment diploma may be cleaned if it is not too soiled by rub- bing lightly with art gum, which may be purchased from any art dealer Another method is to use pleces of Holt, who was elected Senator in West | 2.300 are being taught to read and ' freshly baked bread with the crust cut off. For grease spots apply Ful- ler's earth. Rub it into the stain and then brush off. Q. When was the Court of Claims Building in Washington, D. C., erect- 19, | farm, at Lexington, Ky., will not be ed’—E. L. A. The building occupied by the for the second United States narcotic | Court of Claims of the United States farm, at Fort Worth, Tex., are being | Was erected by William W. Corcoran drawn up at the present time and it in the year 1859, for the benefit of will probably be about two years be- | the City of Washington for “the per- fore it is open. petual establishment and encour- agement of painting, sculpture and Q. Was the assassin of the Arch- | the fine arts generally duke and Archduchess of Austria ex- ecuted?—H. N. A. Prinzip was arrested and died soon afterward in prison. Q. Where is Edith Cavell buried? 8. A 8. A. In 1919 her body was removed to Norwich Cathedral after memorial services in Westminster Abbey. Q. Please describe the Perry Vic- | tory Memorial —H. K F. A. The Perry Victory Memorial at Put In Bay, South Bass Island, Lake Erie, Ohio, is the world’s secona highest monument. It is constructed entirely of Massachusetts granite and is in the form of a Grecian Doric column, 352 feet in height and 45 feet in diameter at the base. It has a spacious and beautiful rotunda and a spectator's gallery at the top. ac- commodating 300 people. Its physical setting in a park of 14 acres, with Lake Erie on both sides, gives it the appearance of rising from the water At night it illuminated by flood- lignts Q. Can holly be used for a hedge?— G. N A. It is often so used, as it bears clipping well. Who is called the father American botany?>—R. C., Jr A. John Bartram, e ent Amer; can botanist (1699- i 28 1 quently called the father of Ame an botany. He founded the first botanical garden in America Linnaeus termed him “the greates natural bontanist in the worid.” Q. When was the invented?—W. M. T A. The first true was not invented until 18! med John Walker Stox Tees, Durham, England sulphur and phosphorous b, was discovered by Godfrey Ha in 1680, but it was 150 years be ihis discovery was applied to matches friction ion m: v a ma ton-o Ignition o Q When did Jersey cattle f their appearance in the United St —T.H. W. A. The first importation of Jerseys t was made in 1850. A fe e brought over about 20 from 1870 to 1890 there were n ous importations. Since 1890 Jerseys have been imported eve: ates Q. Why is the sign or symbol w looks like a siar called an asteri S E A. It is from the Greek and means a little star. Q. How did the World War veter get the bonus which they nov paid in full>—-N. B A. Congress passed the bonus bil over Coolidge's veto. It gave the veterans, not cash, but paid- *up endowment insurance policies, the | so-called adjusted compensatio ficates, maturing in 20 years Congress passed a law, over Pre Hoover's veto, permitting veterans to value of their certificates. The pr ent agitation is to permit them to Sweeping Attack on Q. Where is Purgatory Chasm?— G W. H A. 1t is in Worcester County, Mass., Sutton Township, on Purgatory Creek above Burts and Whil Ponds, 2 3 miles west of Northbridge Cen- er. It is a picturesque ravine, with vertical walls of gneissic rock, which overhang in places. It is barely 10 feet wide at the head, but broadens downhill: the maximum depth is about 100 to 120 feet, and in it are many angular to partly rounded blocks of gneiss piled in confusion. Q. When was the first school for training in social work established in the United States?—W. P. A. The first school (now the New rk School of Social Work) was tablished in 1898 as the New York ol of Philanthropy. In 1901 two other professional schools were start- ed, the Boston School of Social Work (under Simmons College) and the Chicago School. which was at first an xtension institute of the University of ago. Q. Where did Barnett Barnato, the diemond king, die?—M. G A. He committed suicide in 1897 at e age of 45 throwing himself erboard from a liner when on his to England from South Africa alth was the reason ascribed for e act w How many railway-highway s are there in the tes?—S. G estimated that there are ain the following soldiers killed by W War showed ana not even hi ive shells created a 1d their bodies h"—M. K of the Medical United States r” says: “Com- the World Wa occurred trench warf; external in) few such bod injury to the body. ies examined by patholo- minute and occasionally hages were found, usuaily ral nervous system or lungs. iments at Rouen in 1917 wed the lungs to be the of massive hemorrhages. Crile the central nervous system also ed. Durante and Mairet, in ments. found the cen- tem affected The condition producing has been much dis- most piausible hypothe- that the very great instantane- reduction of air pressure imme- following its very great in- from the gases of explosion causes such rapid displacement of gases and fluids inside the body as to rupture blood vessels with weak sup- port, as in the lungs, and probably physical crease primary ' borrow up to 50 per cent of the face also to disintegrate cell membranes particularly of the central nervous system.” ew Deal Deprecated by Many Observers Although conceding that the Cham- | ber of Commerce of the United States | reflects the attitude of conservative business toward many phases of the New Deal, newspapers generally do not by any means ing attack on the admini by the chamber at its annual mee Criticizing the extreme posi taken by the organization, the Buffalc (N. Y.) Evening ) contends: “In | its resolutions on the N. R. A. and so- | cial security the convention failed en- | tirely to clarify its position and ac- cordingly harmed the conservative po- sition. Scme of its members, | ously denouncing the principle of old- age pensions, thereby created the false and unfortunate impression that this important aggregation of business and industrial leaders has no concern for the plight of the workless aged whom | the modern machinery of production | has cast aside.” “There could be no objection,” ac- cording to the Birmingham (Ala.) | News, “to honest criticism designed to be constructive or to open discussion ‘or sincere differences. Evidently the | committees of the Chamber of Com- | merce of the United States had striven | for the adoption of such an attitude. | But the convention itself went far be- | yond that. It sang a hymn of ob- | struction, if not of hate. Its extreme- | | ness is deplorable, and the business | men attending the session will find on | returning to their homes that the public is not in sympathy with the drastic nature of the chamber's actions.” | Declaring that “the part of fore- | sighted business leadership is not to | obstruct endeavors for the common | good.” the Atlanta Journal declares: “Some of those who today are loud | n attacking the New Deal were call- |ing to it for help as recently as the Spring of 1933. They had dope noth- ' ing to avert or to mitigate the darkest depression in our history, and they had no adequate ideas of their own for the future. They could only stand | and cry, ‘Save us, or we sink!" It ill | becomes such ‘leaders’ to attempt now | to tell the President and Congress what the country needs for economic security and social justice. A Cham- | ber of Commerce, though it call itself | ‘national,” does not and cannot speak | for the American people.” | “Neither the country nor Congress.” | Pnys the Kansas City Star, “is ready jorse the sweep- tration voted ng Wagner and Costigan and the fili- | at this time to join in such a sweeping | | buster against it by other Democrats. | The T. V. A. bill has run into another | filibuster. Unless there is a consider- | able change in the attitude of Senators over the administration program, the Congress will be kept here unti} next Fall. The Senate Chamber is air- cooled these days. So the Summer in Washington does not hold all the threats of discomfort which it held for earlier Congresses. e { Tip to Traffic Cops. | Prom the Indianapolis News. Traffic cops might order careful drivers to pull over to the curb and then compliment them. ) | | and undiscriminating attack upon the New Deal program as that of the| chamber.” The Star also states: “Un- doubtedly the chamber was encouraged to adopt its aggressive attitude by the | feeling that the President had slipped | | in popularity. But this slipping has | | by no means gone so far as to indi- | cate a wave of popular approval fur’ | the conditions that helped bring on the depression.” The Youngstown (Ohio) Vindicator believes that “so far Mr. Roosevelt’s course has been | one of moderation.” Of what has been accomplished. | however, the Boise Idaho Statesman | remarks that “prosperity has returned, l ‘or is returning, in a substantial form |} to practically every country in the world, and the United States lags so far behind that if Uncle Sam should suddenly withdraw Federal relief, we should be worse off than in the dark days of early 1929." The Chicago Journal of Commerce asks: “What will Mr. Roosevelt do? Can he make the fight for reform, at the expense of recovery, alone—with- out the assistance, willingly given that he has come to expect from business? Mr. Roosevelt is a tena- cious man, but he is also a shrewd bargai If he sees that he can't get any further in reform, it is pos- sible that he may call a halt now and really become a useful Chief Execu- tive. He might even fulfill the prom- ner. h anding that reform wait on recovery, the chamber expresses the hopes of the great body of our citi- zens.” says the Boston Transcript. While the New York Times holds that “Washington is standing in the way of normal business recovery.” and the w York Sun suggests as to the administration officials: “Their atu- ie toward the chamber’s suggestions be like that of the man who rejected a new diet without examining it. ‘T wouldn't like it,’ he said, ‘even if it was good."” nizations representing the business and industrial interests of the countr thinks the Chattanooga (Tenn.) Times, “must be given credit for having spoken from experience and after intelligent consideration of the situation and the proposals in- lved.” The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin argues: “There would be far less need of Federal dole, in cash or in if private enterprise were given its opportunity and assured its continuance without a continuation of experimental and menacing pro- grams.” r———————— Moratorium in India. From the South Bend Tribune. The native tribe in India that pledged itself to refrain from cattle stealing in the King's jubilee year obviously does not anticipate use of the confession against it in court. . ———— A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton A Lost Cane A walking stick on the avenue lay. Unclaimed by men who passed that way: A merchant prince and brokers three, A sportsman swinging a roadster key. b4 A tailored chap with whistle free, A dude of a bygone century, An officer from oversea, An attache of an embassy. For the cane was claimed with & charming air By a girl in tweeds with & boutoniere. 4