Evening Star Newspaper, April 20, 1935, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Editien. WASHINGTON, D. C. April 20, 1935 ————— THEODORE W. NOYES. . . Editor _The Evening Star Newspaper Company e enivania Ave : ichign 2 robean Offce 14 Rezent St.. London. England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. o Regular Editi e Evenine St: 5c per month A d sunday Siar Cenen 4 "x'.dngs?d gi00c oer month Jne and ‘Sunday Star T emen b Sundavs) 85¢ per montn The' Sunday Star .. ‘56 Der eopy .(;e er month *" 3¢ ber month t the en ight of each o he sen| 000 Telanone Nagtonal Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Tt M All Other States and Canada, 1ly and Sunday % ;:, $.'(';; ?m. { mg._ ndas oaly. 13r_ 3500: 1 mo: Member of the Associated Press. Tie Associated Press Is exclusively fl" se_for republication of all e dloatehes erediied fo.It oF not other. | by mall or $1.00 o 3¢ foe are also reserved. Public Health Purchasable. During the recent Senate hearings | on the District appropriation bill, Dr. P. A. McLendon, representing the Legislative Committee of the Medical Society of the District, casually men- tioned that “just at the present mo- ment, diphtherial immunizatfon can- not be done by the Health Depart- | arrival of Maxim Litvinoff, Soviet never be other than the grim, sure elimination of a life that has been forfeited in penalty for a transgres- sion that can not be condoned. To make of it & public spectacle is to arouse passions that may react harm- fully. The person who has been given & fair trial and upon condemnation is brought forth for execution under the law has had his opportunity of defense. If the laws of Kentucky grant him a last word of denial that word should be spoken only to those who are responsible for the procedure that has sent him to the place of execution. The difference between this man at Smithland merely say- ing “I am innocent” and ranting for an hour in declaration of his inno- cence is, after all, but little, as far as the possible creating of doubt in the public mind is concerned, and yet the spectacle of a long harangue is calcu- lated to cause a severe shock to the country at large and possibly to do great harm to the morale of the im- mediate community where this dread- ful scene was enacted. ——— st A Franco-Russian Hitch. That ever-changing international moving picture called the European crisis presents a fresh front today with news of a serious hitch in the negotiations for a Franco-Russian military alliance. It was expected that the pact, euphoniously described in the lingo of modern diplomacy as a treaty of mutual assistance, would be initialed in Paris today with the commissar for foreign affairs. In- ment, for the reason that all expendi- tures for that particular item hlVE“ been made, and there is not one| penny for the purchase of diphtherial | toxin for immunization of (’hllflr!n‘i in the District of Columbia today, and | will not be until July.” The facts | were stated as one illustration that | occurred to Dr. McLendon of the in- | adequacy of Health Department ap- | propriations. | And this was followed by the fol- | Jowing exchange of views between Dr. | McLendon and Senator Copeland: | Senator Copeland. What you mean | is that as a result of failure to pro- | vide the funds little children will die? Dr. McLendon. Possibly; yes, sir. Senator Copeland. Public health, to a great degree, is purchasable, is it not? Dr. McLendon. Absolutely. Public health in Washington is pur- chasable. The ability to save lives of children and adults, not only those threatened by diptheria, but by tuber- culosis and a host of other menaces in the form of disease, is purchasable. And one reason that Washington suffers from a tuberculosis death rate stead Mr. Litvinoff, in a reported | state of high dudgeon, left Geneva | for Moscow, and Paris rumbles with rumors that the alllance project is| now on the rocks. Disagreement has come over the “automatic” func- tioning of the proposed accord. As originally projected, France and | the Soviet Union were to come to each | other's aid the moment either country was the victim of aggression. Now France has come forward with ‘the condition that a decision by thé| League Council, which requires as unanimous vote, should precede any “mutual assistance.” Whether the | French have proposed any other reservations is not disclosed, but the | change of front by Paris with respect | | to the automatic feature of the | “schcme was sufficient to cause Mr.| Litvinoff to reject the whole idea, | for the time being at least, as un- | acceptabie. By pressing for an lummtlc‘ clause, the Soviet aroused French | | fears of aligning themselves in an | | outright military alliance with Rus- | isia. It also raised the delicate point | ‘THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., SA' THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. of genersl or special concern to the masses. ‘The difficulties are enormous. Bridge, for example, has an appeal to s large class of people, yet there are thou- sands who literally do not know one card from another. To the former the story of a tournament in which expert players are participating is fascinating, to the latter it is a waste of space. But both groups are entitled to con- sideration. Hence the cosmopolitan character of the average daily. Changes, of course, occur from gen- eration to generation. Time was when scores of enterprises which now en- gage multitudes were unanticipated— base ball, automobiles, airplanes, radio, motion pictures, all these fields are of modern origin; each has its place and its audience in the world of 1935, though none was present in the world of a century ago. But the things most notably “news- worthy” providentially are perma- nently significant, and it is for that reason that newspapers may be sald to justify their existence. They re- assert the fundamentals, re-afirm the essentials of life by reporting their progress. Japan is demonstrating ability to manufacture at a cost which permits underselling American workmanship. The discovery is one which should in- terest the Japanese wage earner promptly and acutely, Much detective skill is being direct- ed in the town of Rockville to the investigation of a murder mystery which has at least the palliating revelation that nobody was actually killed. « e rwees Einstein is quoted as having his doubts about some of his theories. He inferentially announced such a possibility when he declared that nobody except himself could under- stand them. et Politeness, it has been said, costs nothing. There seems to be a dispo- sition among some prominent person- | ages to enhance its value by making it scarce. Communism does not have to be taught. It is a vague notion which spontaneously arises in ill-adjusted mentality and which has to be con- quered by education. Much ccmpetent energy has been employed in beautifying the land- scape. This energy may in the course of time be applied to elimination of grade crossings. e College boys will never become Communists s0 long As they realize that there is no substitute for honest that Health Officer Ruhland Pro- of bringing the pact into collislon | g hievement to be attained by tam- nounces a “national disgrace” is the failure to pay the necessary purchase price for adequate prevention and treatment. The reason that Wash- | Locarno treaty. ‘ with French commitments under the | Locarno pledges its | signatories not to resort to war except | for legitimate defense. Therefore, | pering with a foot ball score. S ‘The presidential campaign is said to have started, although to the ington health ! authorities get along | paris argues, should France assume | average listener it seems to be a game with some thirty-two public Lealth obligations to aid Russia, even if she | which might be called “who has the nurses when there should be a staff of at least 300 is that the purchase price for public health here has been chispled away to some eighty cents herself was not attacked by Germany, | the French would risk remmwryl ' measures from Great Britain, or at | least Britain's cancellation of the' microphone?” o Relief funds are abundantly ar-| ranged for, but some of the States re- per capita, when the inescapable cost | [ocarno guaranties to Prance. It is|fuse to heed the Blue Eagle maxim of adequate protection of the sort gesymed that it was this factor which | “We do our part.” elsewhere is from two to three d'dlars per capita. The major respensibility for lack | of funds with which to purchase ade- quaete public health protection in Washington probably rests with Con- gress, which has the exclusive power of legislation and appropriation over the District. But even so, the com- | munity cannot be too quick thus to | pass the buck. One of the chief | duties of the local health officer is to | organize and to lead a continuing and | a vigorous campaign to secure for | ‘Washington, by convincing members | of Congress of the real necessity, ade- quate funds for a public health pro- gram in keeping with the needs ofl the Capital. It is gratifying to find Dr. Ruhland | taking such leadership. He will find ready and enthusiastic support from the community. ———— ‘When public men express such evllY opinions of one another the soap box | orator naturally feels that any little thing he can say should not make so much difference to the police. —— e So many scraps of paper are men- tioned that diplomacy calls for special provision in the way of that time- honored editorial adjunct, the waste basket. ————— The Spectacle at Smithland. A hideous spectacle was presented yesterday at a county seat in Ken- | tucky, where a man was hanged for & crime against a woman and for nearly an hour before the execution the condemned harangued the as- sembled crowd of several hundred people, asserting his innocence and accusing the victim of his outrage, | who was present, and the members of the jury, some of whom were also there, of persecution. Nothing com- parable to this has ever before oc- curred in this country. .It is to be hoped that the like will never occur again. 3 Under the State law, which pre- | scribes electrocution as the means of | execution for capital offenses, the ex- I ception is made that for this particu- | lar crime the death penalty shall be inflicted by hanging, in the county where the crime is committed, this exception having been for the purpose I of effecting a more deterrent influence. ‘Technically all executions are in pri- vate save for the presence of a small number of official witnesses. The county jail at Smithland was, how- ever, too small to permit a gallows to be erected indoors. Consequently the gruesome apparatus was erected in the jail yard and a great crowd gath- ered, and there, under a special dis- pensation, the condemned was per- mitted to “have his say” before the trap was sprung. An execution is a terrible thing, in any circumstances, whether per- formedl publicly or privately, by what- ever means. It should never become the medium of an arousal of revulsion | France at Geneva this week also | sideration, the outlook for a Franco- { impelled M. Laval to insist upon keep- | ing the Franco-Soviet pact strictly | within League limitations. French popular desire for a treaty with the Russians has cooled per- | ceptibly on account of Communist | propaganda in connection with the approaching French municipal elec- tions. Poland's new overtures toward made the PFrench less enthusiastic about binding themselves to a mili- tary alliance with Moscow. Taking all these elements into con- Soviet treaty for solidifying European security is distinctly less favorable than it was. The pity and misfortune about these developments is that they are likely to encourage Nazi Germany to stiffen its intransigent attitude and maintain its truculent refusal to par- ticipate in collective action for peace. —— O e | Taking the profit out of war is easy. Taxpayers in all languages admit that it is & matter of sheer evolution so far as they are concerned. “Newsworthy.” ‘The weekly news magazine Time has invented the word “newsworthy” to denote those values in which read- ers are interested, and it is a meas- urably good and accurate word. Its connotation is one of vitality. News is life, and there would be no news- papers in a dead planet like the moon. But & numerous public, as it happens, sees only a portion of the whole scéne, and therefore must wonder on occa- sion why certain events and certain personalities are accorded journalistic notice while other subjects, theoreti- cally of equal or superior importance, appear to be neglected. One explanation in the circum- stances is the natural desire of pub- lishers and editors to be comprehen- sive in their approach to current his- tory. Their wish to practice a liberal tolerance prompts them to print re- ports and opinions which more often than not they consider to be of minor importance. They realize that even the most trivial themes have an at- traction for at least a few persons, and, since their aim is to serve the entire community, they “play fair” by including the most diminutive minori- ties. Also they understand from their experience that news values sometimes grow—the one-paragraph story of to- day may be a column long by tomor- Tow. But the news, it shoyld be remem- bered, is not amenable to any effective degree of editorial control, however well intentioned; it neither can be made to order nor governed in its trends. The best that journalists can do is to reflect with such skill as they can muster the developments which are going on within their range of vision. They do not create life; their business is merely that of reflecting and interpreting it. And the sole power of discrimination which they against the law which has sent & person to death for crime. It should L] possess is that of deciding what i “newsworthy” in the sense of being 1 ——ee—s. ‘The professions are pre-eminent at present. It is seldom that a patient is as famous as his physician or a client as famous as his attorney. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Undaunted Spirit. A lady fair will oft prepare ‘To tell of war's iniquity, Demanding Peace that brings release From militant obliquity. 8he'll tell a 1ad ‘twould make her sad If he should go a-rioting Where people rage through history’s page In manner most disquieting. But when she speaks for days or weeks Of an ancestral quslity With warrior grit that does not quit For hours of gentle jollity, The lad will say, “There’s just one way— 1 don’t see where another is— 80 4s for me, I'm going to be A fighter, just like Mother is. Convenience. “Do you read everything that is said about you?” “Yes,” sald Senator Sorghum. “It saves me trouble. When I want to use bad language I find it before my eyes. I don't need to bother with & book of synonyms.” Jud Tunkins says there’s so much rivalry in his town about who's going to be queen qf the May that all the gals are bein’ searched for concealed weapons. Ecstasy of Wrath. ©Oh, psychoanalist, apply Your new-found erudition And undertake to tell us why We're in & sad position. Disdaining bliss we thought to win, ‘We're angry and mismated. Why do we seek to revel in ‘The joy of being hated. Doctor of Etiquetie, “I am at work on another book,” said the European savant. “What kind of a book?” “A book of etiquette. In some taken its piace and the cat in the conquest for Its triumph has been slow, but steady. Whereas certaln breeds "of dogs have had their day of popularity, and then sunk into & certain stable state, the little fish has gone right ahead making itself known. ‘The airdale dog, for instance, is now under something of an eclipse, after driving most of the other breeds off city sidewalks for several years. ‘The dachshund stayed in compara- tive retirement until the last three years, since when it has blossomed as » good dog should. LE IR The little fish known as the guppy, however, has suffered no such ups and downs, It has gone right ahead conquering the world. ‘Today there are more gupples living indoors than live in all the outdoor waters, in all likelihood. Surely this would be a difficult thing to prove, but any one acquainted with the spread of this animal as & pet will believe it needs no proof. And it has all come about solely on merit. While the guppy can be sald to have had its due share of publicity, still its conquest is its own. Ncbody can boast, “I made the guppy.” No, sir, the guppy makes itself. It is its own best preas agent. LR ] Some months ago this column pre- sented 25 reasons—count ’‘em—why Lebistes reticulatus, popularly known as guppy, is the good fish it is. Hence our idea today is not to go back over that old ground, but to present & few pointers to those who may be inclined to sneer at our friend because he is little. It should be significant to almost always spesk in highest terms | of the guppy. There are reasons for aforesaid. one of his very best recommendations. | The larger a fish, the more difficult its everyday handling. | This does not begin to bore itself | home in the consciousness of the keeper until he has mastered aquarjum management well enough to be able to keep his fishes for some approxi- mation of their natural lifetimes. Then he sees that the smaller the fish, the less trouble it causes him in the long run. Many persons do not know much about this “long run,” when it come to fish keeping. They never keep them long enough. | They buy big specimens, even dis- play them in exhibitions, taking prises, | perhaps, on some one else’s work. This is all right of course; it is the universal custom of societies in all “fancles.” As long as one has enough money to buy good specimens, one has the | cepted as one’s own product. It is the same in all sorts of socleties, ex- STARS, MEN Laboratory The status of electricity as the fundamental “world stuff” is seriously challenged, says Dr. Paul Heyl. noted of Standards. Recent developments—notably the discovery of the neutron, or sub- atomic particle without any electrical charge—have again raised the ques- tion as to whether matter is a prop- erty of electricity or electricity a prop- erty of matter. or whether there may | not be both electrical and non-elec- trical matter. For most of the present century, Dr. Heyl told the Philosophical So- ciety of Washington, composed largely of Government scientists, the other night, it has been generally accepted that the atoms, of which all matter is composed, were themselves made up of particles of positive and negative electricity held together in perfect balance. ‘Thus any object whatso- ever, from a pinhead to a star, is fundamentally a conglomeration of the positive and negative particles, protons and electrons, held together in equlibrium. If there happens to : Aflnb’lm-“. of one or the other e object Ppositively or tvely charged. e Thus, says Dr. Heyl, the current view is that “matter is merely an elec- trical phenomenon which electricity may exhibit, more or less, according to cf .” But if this view is correct, he pointed out, it is neces- sary that the number of positive and negative particles in the universe be exactly equal. Even the slightest de- viation would throw the whole con- cept into serious doubt, and during the past few years such apparent deviations are being reported. L B One such apparent contradiction, Dr. Heyl pointed out. is in the behavior of the earth itself. One such, he said, is the negative charge of the earth. “Our ,” he explained, “is not :e::l‘k:ll’body Xv:aenm:mflmh ively charged to such an amount that there exists near the surface a potential gradient of 150 volts per meter. The conductivity of the atmos- phere is small, but not sero. 8o, be- Cause of this conductivity and the potential gradient, there is a con- tinual conduction of negative elec- tricity away from the earth amount- ing, for the whole surface, to & cur- rent of about 1,000 amperes. “Small as this may appear, it is sufficient to bring about a loss court circles there is need of some | planations, writing to define the formalities, so that when officials meet they will know just who is expected to shoot first.” Expermmentation. “Professor, dear, the things you teach Are oft beyond my mental reach. Can you be certain of the truth Of all your lectures say to youth?” “My friend,” the sad professor said, “I tell the youth to fili his head “he attracts so much attention dat lot o' folks get interested in foolin' him.” FH i beginners in a pleasant hobby that old timers |this, as we have pointed out, s | The fact that this fish is small is | right to demand that they be ac-| DAY, hibiting all types of things. We have never heard of any organisation de- that exhibitor swear that Some day to In the £ : R 2 g * * : i iz £ ? §§E £ &g g é E %5 b I Gl I Es tolerate inimical conditions even most_careleas person would not think of inflicting on larger fishes. Small fishes deserve equally. good treatment. The big point in their favor is that, given such a fair deal, they go right ahead taking care of themselves. ‘Thus their conditions are more nat- ural, In every sense; besides, their Kkeeper is saved a great deal of bother. Any one who has kept an interest- ing but essentially dirty flsh, in which category come many of the larger tropical specimens, will realize what this will mean. In all fairness to such larger crea- tures, it must be said that in most instances the animal is being kept in far too small an aquarium. Since he is usually carniverous and full of “pep,” he manages to keep his tank stirred up as with a spoon. * % % * ‘The guppy, however, will keep his tank as clean as a pin, if he is not grossly overcrowded. Neither are active scavengers of | any type necessary. Plants are what | may be called inactive scavengers. It is not commonly realized that good | plants, in plenty of light, actually ab- {zorb some of the finer particles of foods fed to the animals. ‘They do not do this, of course, until the finer food particles are broken down into forms which plants can absorb. The way to get good plant growth, of course, is to put them in good light, with perhaps as much as two hours of sunshine a day. if possible. particularly guppies. No fish likes sunshine more. ‘These little fellows frisk like pup- pies, they are so full of spirit under good conditions. Another pointer is not to worry too much about the babies being eaten by the parents. If all the guppies could be so conserved the world would be packed tight with them. With plenty of plants, far more will survive than the owner can give away to his friends. By all means let him keep the older ones, and give away the youngsters. The guppy is s pet that grows on its owner, and none is quite so compelling in interest as the | fish which has swum in the same | tank for several years. Because there | will be many gupples, even the most gensitive keeper will not sorrow over them as they go the way of all flesh, physicist of the United States Bureau | as he might do over larger, more in- dividual creatures, AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in Field. and Study. BY THOMAS R HENRY. | is made, that the neutron is a combi- nation of one electron and oné proton | bound so closely together that they | are inzeparable. Consequently, since the charges are perfectly balanced, there is no evidence of them. But there is a possibility of an opposite assumption—that the neutron is an independent, non-elec- trical entity. It may be a form of matter without any electrical prop- erties at all—matter which is not a property of electricity and hence con- stituting a challenging exception to the almost universally held concept of present-day physics. Can there be two kinds of matter, one electrical and one non-electrical? asks Dr. Heyl. As & matter of fact, he peints out, & good many of the experiments have | proceeded on the assumption that motter was fundamentally electrical and that the electric charge must temain constant, regardless of the mass of the particle, whereas as good results would have been obtained if the assumption had been made that the mass remained constant and that the charge varied. At present neither assumption seems opén to experi: mental proof. *x e Science, Dr. Heyl said, is as far from ever to an answer for the often asked question: What is electricity? More and more is being learned about its behavior and about the structures of the so-called electrical perticles, But for the present physi- cists can caly say of electricity itself that it ex'sts and seems to underlie & vast bedy of other things. The longer research continues, Dr. Heyl said, the less positive the answers, and they are far less positive ST ‘beginning of the t Up to g wen- tieth century, Dr. Heyl points out, the ooncept of electricity had passed through three eras—the spiritual, the fluid 2ad the etherial. The first came with the dawn of was regarded as a “spirit” within matter. The second came with the Renais- sance. Electricity was regarded as an invisible fluld contained in certain substances. A survival is the familiar term, “turn on the juice.” With the discovery that some charged objects attracted while others lled sim- ilar substances came the of two A APRIT; 20, ' 1935. THE LIBRARY TABLE BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN it. Dr.| @ logy | ball usus! opinions about Wesley's theology; for example, that he was & mystic, inclined to high church traditions, the destroyer of method of reasoning into religion, end at heart a Calvinist, who, like Luther, held the doctrine of salvation Wmhl'.h. D‘l‘ucell appends to hbl-. work a complete list of Wesley's pul lished sermons, whose titles in them- selves reveal something of his doc- irine There are 13 on the Sermon on the Mount. LY THE CHALLENGE OF LEISURE. By Arthur Newton Pack. New York: The Macmillan Co. “Leisure confronts the Nation,” says Mr. Pack, president of the American Nature Assoclation and of the Charles Lathrop Pack Forestry Foundation. This also is good for the fishes, | today than they might have been |l Leisure is a good or an evil accord- ing to eircumstances. If it is enforced, because of inability to work or the absence of a job, it may be a catas- trophe; if it is the residue after a scasonable proportion of time devoted to useful and interesting work, then it may be a delightful thing to enjoy casually or to plan for and apportion. | deira. Lelsure, Mr. Pack says, is the last cutpost of free and unregimented ac- tivity in our modern life. But we fear that it will not long remain unregi- mented, with all the movements afoot for organized recreation and adut education, and Mr. Pack himself pro- ceeds to offer suggestions for regula- tion. Lelsure is not merely an in- dividual perquisite; it is also a social force. “Leisure is an indispensable part both of economics and of social existence—it is the greatest ot all the challenges to the leaders of civiliza- tion.” With his prevailing interest in forestry, it is natural that Mr. Pack chould suggest many dispositions of leisure in comnection with forests and the soil, both productive and in the nature of hobbies. He quotes an insurance expert as saying that a man with & hobby is an unusully good risk. Art, music, literature, education and human relationships are all discussed as outlets for leisure time which are capable of producing the utmost satisfaction. ** % | FAREWELL TO FIFTH AVENUE. By Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jr. New York: Simon & Schuster. This farewell of Mr. Vanderbilt is not to be taken as a personal fare- | well, & break on his part with his class. Millionaires have been play- boy radicals before and have pointed out and made fun of the faults of their class, but few of them have leges and wealth of the landed aris- tocracy that he tried to get rid of his share of them, but his family raised difficulties. Mr. Vanderbilt has not gone to such extremes, but he has since his school days wanted to know how the other fellow lives and why things are as they are. He has bee: newspaper writer and owner and is the author of nine books. Now, in his &nd Newport and all they symbolize wealth are extinct and he pronounces & clever obituary. The interest of the dead past, not in the social theories of the author, which are much like those of many other people. He has W to say about the million- & ellons, Cafrnegles, Morgans, Astors, Vanderbilts; about newspaper men, including Hearst and Munsey;: about foreign dictators, Hitler and Mussolini; about Presidents, from Theodore Roosevelt to Roosevelt, of whom he is a great ad- mirer and whose campaign he assisted. Mr. Vanderbilt writes both flippantly, num;fln:dmly. He sees a new era a 3 country, al begun with the New Deal. ey . xx 'l'z.nn'.mum WYLIE. The Portrait of an nown Lady. By Nancy Hoyt. g:hmpolh: The Bobbs-Merrill |1|::.n:" otlher sister, poet and nov- lancy Hoyt gives & portrait and [ m&e te ?mnmm.;‘:lmfl esti- mate or & phy. She captures the personality of the bril- liant woman whosé literary work was cut short by early death, that person- ality of great charm and filled with zest for life. Some of the material could have been supplied by no one who knew Elinor Wylie less well. On the other hand, Nancy Hoyt includes nothing which she does not know through her own sasociation with her }nflmmhl m&l‘! thlch are valuable lor elr vy ignancy. Fourteen trations f: NOW WE SET OUT. By Susan Erts. gev York: D. Appieton-Century 0. Here the husband is the shrew and is tamed, or defeated, in the first six IN THEIR OWN IMAGE. By Ham- ilton Basso. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. ‘The author of “Cinnaman Seed” in this new novel | actually dropped out of it. Touufl disapproved so strongly of the privi- | riage of Figaro,” “Magic Flute” and | —J. N. W. of fashion, snobbery and arrogant | book lies in its reminiscences of that ' ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. oy of fact by writing The 0] 'cm Mu?w Informa- tion Buresu, Prederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please ineclose stamp for reply. How does the speed of a tennis mobilization camp boards in trants from rural thap from districts. Part of this excess of fects in cities is probably due to the more critical examination by the phy- sicians of cities and to a more critical grade of examiners in the camps that drew from the more densely populated regions. it appears from the figures as they are given that defects were found only seven-elghts as commonly in rural as in urban districts. Q. Why does cake made with coeoa taste drier than cake made with chocolate?—M. J, A. Because cocoa is not as rich as ted | Chocolate. When cocoa is used in a purposes. Supplies u;‘ blank paper are guarded as carefully as the finished money. Are the men in C. C. C. camps insured?—K. M. A, Individual enrollees in the C. C. C. do not carry insurance, but the Government provides insurance or compensation in case there is an acci- dent and the individual receives in- juries. The amount received would depend upon the individual case. Q. Were the Krupp Works taken over by the German government dur- | ing the World War>—G. R. C. A. They remained privately owned. Q. Please give a biography of Dr.| %rlnnv.'u Davenport, the centenarian. | A. Dr. Charlotte Davenport, the fa- mous- 110-year-old musician, is of Polish birth. It is said that her first husband lost his life in the Crimean | recipe which calls for chocolate, three tablespoons of cocoa and one-half tablespoon of butter should be used for each ounce of chocolate. Q. Is it true that Ethiopia is the only really independent country in Africa?—M. E, B, A. Ethiopia (Abyssinia) is not the only really independent country in Africa. It is true that this is the only country ruled in complete independ- ence by a native monarch. The two other native monarchies—those of Egypt and Morocco—are still under the influence of Great Britain and Prance, respectively. There are also the independent Negro republic of Liberia and the self-governing British | dominion of South Africa. Q. What property does glass have | that makes it magnify?—E. H. A. | A. Magnification depends on the bending of light in passing from one medium to another. In the magnify- ing glass the eye Is placed near the lens and the rays from a small object War, about two years after their mar- riage. She has one son by this mar- risge 92 years old who lives in Ma- . She married the second time in Australia. After the death of her second husband she came to America to teach music. She traveled around with & young man by the name of Davenport who was her secretary. She maintain & residence in St. Louis, Mo. Dr. Davenport attributes her iong life to careful living, although she is said wfllmokc cigarettes and drink black coffee. Q. Please name the 12 outstanding young men of 1934.—S. K. A. America’s Young Men selects Walter E. Disney, Lewis W. Douglas, Clark Gable, John Edgar Hoover, Charles A. Lindbergh, Robert M. La Edward R. Stettinus, jr.; Eugene L. Vidal, James P, Warburg and E. Rich- ard West. Q. How much has the demand for rubber increased in the past years?—G. G. A. About 1912 the use of automobile tires and tubes gave a great impetus 000 tons of rubber were used. By 1929 863,410 tons were used. In spite of the depression the demand increased in 193¢ to 063,000 tons. | Q Please name some of the operas which are to appear on the screen—C. E. | A. According to present plans, “Bar- | ber of Seville,” “Samson and Delilah, “Norma,” “Tristan and Isolde,” “ grand i “Die Pledermaus” will be produced. | Q. Please quote Government statis- tics on the health of the rural soldier | boy as compared with the city soldier | boy—K. G. | A. For the whole United States there | were found 557 defects per 1,000 men | examined. or considerably more than | half as many defects found as men the rate is 528 and for urban dis- tricts alone it is 609—that is, fewer de- { fects were noted by local boards and later married this young man and they | Follette, Henry R. Luce, Paul A. Siple, | 25 | to the rubber market and about 100,- | |are so bent that they appear to be | spread apart and to come from a “much larger object. | Q. Where is the largest roundhouse in the world?—R. McA. A. The East Altoona roundhouse is said to be the largest in the world. It has 50 stalls. . Q. Why have some of the statues | in Statuary Hall in the Capitol been | removed?—D. N. A. The original provision was that | each State could contribute statues of two favorite sons. This would permit 96. The room is not large enough for this number, and the enormous weight of the 68 already given are a menace. Therefore the number has been re- duced to one from each State. Only 36 States are now represented. Re- moving the extra statues to other parts of the Capitol improves the ap- | pearance of the chamber and leaves | room for future contributions from States which are not represented. Q. How long has it been since there has been a yellow fever epidemic in the United States?>—I. C. A. The Public Health Service says that yellow fever has not been re- ported in epidemic form in the United States since the year 1905. In that year 8,000 cases with 900 deaths were | the result of an epidemic which be- | gan in Louisiana and spread to other | States. A few sporadic cases of yel- low fever have been imported into the | United States from time to time, but | none whatsoever occurred in 1934. Q. Is the starling a mocking bird? A. The Bureau of Biological Survey says that the starling belongs to a | different family Sturnidae from the | mocking bird family Mimidae; how- | ever, aimost all members of the star- ling family are mockers. The starling | has been known in England to imitate | As many as 53 bird songs. | Q. How tall s Mrs. Franklin D. thirties, he thinks that Fifth Avenue | ¢Xamined. For rural districts alone | Roosevelt and how much does she weigh?—P. M. | A. 8he is 5 feet 10 inches in height and weighs about 148 pounds. Even though it was by a scant mar- gin that the German Nazis failed in | the recent election to muster the two-. thirds voté needed for complete mas- | tery over the free city of Danzig, the | result is halled by observers in this country as a definite setback for Hitler. “The Hitlerites had been so confi- dent of the outcome and had so plainly made the issue & ‘est” says the Kansas City Star, “that the fail- ure, although only relative, assumes major importance.” The St. Paul Daily News declares that “free peo- ples everywhere will cheer the out. come”; that it “will dim the prestige of the Nazi cause.” “Europe outside of Germany,” ac- cording to the New York Sun, “re- ceives with undisguised satisfaction news of the failure of the Nazi drive islature of (Pa.) Patriot states that the Nazs “counted their chickens before they weré hatched,” and concludes as to the influence of the event: “Hitler's campaign orators took it for granted that Danzig would follow the Saar. I% raises the question of what the elec- tion returns in Germany itself might be, if it were possible for every Ger- man to vote as he pleased, regardless of Reichswehr, Storm Troops, Brown Shirts and other auxiliaries which have a way of ‘persuading’ voters to vote right.” “The rebuff is signifiicant,” thinks the Elkhart (Ind) Truth, and the Louisville Herald-Post asks: “Up to what point will Germany back Hit- ler? Does his failure to secure the necessary two-thirds majority in Dan- sig, in spite of propaganda and threats that took on all the aspects of com- and| Sulsion, does this rebuke point to & erature, though it is the height of tragic lodrama. traveler, hag little time for his mother- to gain complete control over the Leg- | The Harrisburg | did not. The fact that it did not | Danzig VOte Caliedi :Seiback For Nazi Prestige and Power | rated.” and the New Haven (Conn.) Journal-Courier sees “the Hitler wave | dashing against one defense it could not smash.” The Troy (N. Y.) Record | thinks the result will “lessen the pos- sibility of armed strife.” “It demonstrates,” according to the | Brooklyn (N. Y.) Times-Union, “that | in communities outside of direct con- I'trol by the Nazi chiefs, and with & semblance of popular rule prevailing, ! a great German settlement cannot be held down to Naziism, that independ- | ence of spirit may exist that the Nazis cannot control.” The Newport News a.) Daily Press is convinced that ‘but for the armed forces which he as behind him, Hitler would find himself confronted with serious oppoe sition in his own country.” Similar | views are held by the Nashville (Tenn.) Banner, the Portsmouth (Ohio) Times and the Rockford (Ill) | Register-Republic. | _The Atlanta Journal observes that: “Whether Germany and her sympa- thizers # Danzig will accept the results of the recent election or will attempt to override them, is one of | the anxious questions of the hour.” | The New York Times holds that the | result “may have a powerful stabiliz- ing effect upon the peace of Europe.” - ————— Surgical Triumph. m the Marshalltown (Towa) Times- publican. Up at Rochester surgeons took half | a brain from the patient “without im- pairment of intellectual faculties.” There are, of course, instances like that everywhere. But it's some surgery! ——e—— . Bitter Battling Threatened. Prom the Rochester Times-Union. Provincetown, Mass., thinks that Plymouth, Mass., gets too much pyb- licity in regard to that historic land- ing. It is greatly to be hoped that the dispute will not develop into a roek- hurling contest. ——.— A Rhyme at By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Twilight Eden at Evening Your face at morning brings great thoughts to me: High noons, an eagle's crest, a rush- ing tide, Hard granite rock, s storm-tossed forest tree, A trail upon some rugged mountain side, The taste of sun and air at vibrant morn, ‘The beat of eager hoofs, the hunting horn. Your mt evening! All my startled Revolts against those furrows on your brow, And summons thoughts where twilight has & part; Verdure and dew—my fingers to erase The lines of conflict from your wesry 1sce.