Evening Star Newspaper, January 19, 1935, Page 1

WEATHER. (U. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Snow changing to rain, with slowly rising temperature tonight; lowest about 28 degrees tonight; tomorrow rain and warmer. Temperatures—Highest, 38, at 3 p.m. yesterday; lowest, 29, at 7:15 a.m. today. Full report on page Closing N. Y. Markets, Pages 10 and 11 A-2. No. 33,135. Entered as sect DEFENSE T0 CLAIM MYSTERY INCOME! OF BRUNO STARTED BEFORE KIDNAPING Maze of Money Explored During Court Recess to Combat State Evidence Account Was Small. DEPOSITS WERE ‘KNOWN’ FOR QUANTITY OF SILVER Reilly Says Accused Man Prob- ably Will Go on Stand Next ‘Wednesday—Prosecution Case Near End—Money Phase Is Last for Wilentz Forces. «Copyright, 1935, by the Associated Press.) FLEMINGTON, N. J., January 19.— Bruno Richard Hauptmann's defense explored today a maze of money, drafting evidence from his financial accounts to oppose the State’s testi- mony that he had a mysterious in- come of $49,960—only $40 less than the Lindbergh ransom figure. Wading through Hauptmann’s bank and brokerage statements during the week end trial recess, granted by Jus- tice Thomas W. Trenchard for this purpose, defense attorneys said they would show Lindbergh ransom notes failed to appear in a single one of the accounts. Edward J. Reilly, the florid chief of defense, took pains to bring out that before the kidnaping, the Hauptmann ‘bank accounts already showed sizeable deposits, evidences of the frugal habits of the Bronx carpenter and his pale, care-worn wife. The State took immediate steps for a counter-attack, Attorney General David T. Wilentz asserting that on the eve of the ransom payment, the Hauptmann balance in one bank was only $203.90, and that a year later, the amount had swollen to $2,528.35. Silver Coin Deposits. Basing its case further on a con- fention that the money banked was change from the ransom notes, the prosecution established that in an- other account in a Mount Vernon, N. Y., bank, the Hauptmann deposits were known for thel number of sil- [ver coins. The prosecution drew into its the- ory of the Lindbergh case a picture of Hauptmann, cautiously passing the ransom bills in minor purchases and banking all the change. The portrait fitted into the com- posite picture it has tried to paint of Hauptmann throughout the trial— that of a cool, calculating person, plotting every step far in advance, carrying out the kidnaping and work- ing out a way to enjoy the proceeds. Hauptmann himself, after a week of emotional climaxes during which he exploded against the State’s ac- cusations, relaxed in his cell, free for iwo days from appearances in the crowded court. Smiling broadly in anticipation of the brief period of seclusion, before resuming his part in the judgment on his life for the slaying of the kid- naped Lindbergh baby, he talked cheerfully to his wife, Anna, through the screen door of his bull pen. Mrs. Hauptmann brought him word of their son, Mannfried, who is with xelatives in the Bronx. Proud of Wife. The accused man was proud of her, she said, for her outburst in court Yesterday against a former friend and meighbor, Mrs. Ella Achenbach, who was testifying that Hauptmann and his wife took a trip on the day of the Lindbergh kidnaping, March 1, 1932, @&nd that Hauptmann had a leg injury ‘when he returned “Mrs. Achenbach,” she cried, “you are lying!” She insisted that the outcry, follow- ing by a single day a similar denunci- ation by her husband of another State witness, was not contemplated in advance. _“How could 1 plan it?” she said. “I didn’t know she was coming.” As for Hauptmann’s reaction to her mction, she said: - l\‘/Iy husband is always proud of €. This week-end recess in the trial— the third Saturday off, though Justice "Trenchard was still intent on pushing it through quickly to a conclusion— gave the old Hunterdon County Court House but one day of rest. The first week end Sheriff John H. Curtiss let visitors inspect the court both off days; the second, deciding it was too much for his men, he per- mitted no visitors, but this week end he struck a happy medium, deciding to_permit sightseeing Sunday only. ‘The Flemington Rotary Club, want- dng the thousands to keep coming with coins fingling in their pockets to be thrown in local circulation, proffered :}::y sepr:lilces ofdlts members as volun- ice and guides. T ficc;:utih wimngly.g e e T the jury, there was the pi t of a repetition of their divermt Jast week end—a bus ride through the countryside. Dissension Denied. Reilly has denied the defense is be- Ing undermined by internal dissension, asserting: “There may have been differences of opinion among us, but we never Indulged in personalities.” Expressing gratification at the pro- gress of the trial, Reilly said he be- (Continued on Page 3, Column 8.) e GEN. CALLES GUARDED Police Watch Over Former Mexi- can President in Hospital. LOS ANGELES, January 19 (P).— As a “precautionary measure,” police guards have been assigned to 24-hour duty outside the hospital room of Gen. Plutarco Elias Calles, former President of Mexico, who is recuperating from an operation here. Police officials declined to comment other than to say it was placed there as a protective move customarily ac- corded & man of Gen. Calles’ rank. Marked improvement in his condi- tion was reported today. LY post office, Washington, D. C. ond class mutg 22 Per Cent Decline Is Seen in Chicago Crimes During 1934 By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, January 19.— Crime in Chicago is decreasing. Police Commissioner Allman reported to Mayor Edward J. Kel- ly that there has been a 22 per cent decrease in crime during 1934, as compared with the pre- vious year. Auto thieves were in the big- gest slump. Their thefts fell off 55 per cent. FOUR FEARED LOST IN PLANE IN YUKON Ship Took Off on Thursday From Anchorage for Seattle. | | By the Associated Press. ANCHORAGE, Alaska, January 19. —Fears for four persons missing in an airplane, presumably somewhere in bitterly cold Yukon Territory, were felt today as a check-up of the iso- lated area failed to reveal any trace of them since they left Anchorage Thursday morning. ‘The ski-equipped cabin monoplane took off for White Horse, Yukon Ter- ritory; Atlin and Hazelton, British Columbia, en route to Seattle to speed Grant KReed, veteran railroad dis- patcher, to the bedside of his seriously ill wife in San Diego, Calif. Wire Search Made. When no report of the plane’s prog- ress was received, all points along the Canadian National and Dominion government telegraph lines—the only fast means of communication into Northern British Columbia and the Yukon—were contacted last night without disclosing a trace of the missing party. ‘Temperatures sank to as low as 57 degrees below in the storm-swept area. Barnhill Flight Cited. ‘While the plane might have crashed in some desolate spot of the unfre- quented region. airmen here pointed out it was not uncommon for a plane to be missing several days in the Yukon or Alaska and then turn up safely. ‘Typical was the mercy flight of Pilot W. H. Barnhill of Anchorage, who had been stormbound since Tues- day. Yesterday he was able to take off from Old Andreafsky Mountain village and made a round-trip flight to the isolated trading post of Chevak, carrying Mrs. George Shelpard, who 1 was seriously ill, to the little Andre~ afsky Hospital. FARM WIFE DENIES BRANDING CHILDREN Woman, 20, Awaits Arraignment on Charge of Torturing Boy and Girl. KEENE, N. H, January 19 () — Mrs, Florence Stoddard. 20-year-old | wife of a Chesterfield farmer, today denied branding her two step-children with a hot poker, a charge upon which she awaits arraignment in Municipal Court. Sheriff Frank J. Bennet and Dep- uty Sheriff Henry A. Frechette ar- rested the 200-pound woman yester- day. Frechette said he had been in- formed of the alleged branding by ge}:czman Paul Penning of Chester- eld. The allegedly branded children— Irene, 10, and Perly, 6—will be wit- nesses, Frechette said. They re- mained, meanwhile, in seclusion. Frechette said Mrs. Stoddard burned the children several times January 7. In addition, the deputy sheriff said, the boy had been badly beaten with | a broom. | Mrs. Stoddard said, according to the deputy, she had merely reprimanded them for childish pranks. Frechette said her husband apparently was ig- norant of the alleged torture. OLD ATLANT;\ DEPOT DESTROYED BY FIRE Loss Is More Than $100,000 as i Landmark Is Burned—Ex- | plosion Blamed. | By the Associated Press. ATLANTA, January 19.—Flames, believed by firemen to have started from an explosion, early today burned the old Georgia Railroad depot and warehouse, one of the landmarks of Atlanta, to the ground, with loss esti- mated at more than $100,000. The building formed a portion of the Atlanta Joint Terminals. W. N. Hicks, general agent of the Atlanta 1 Joint Terminals—the Atlanta & West Point Railroad, the Georgia Railroad and the Louisville & Nashville Rail- road—estimated the damage, saying more than 50 carloads of freight had been stored in the warehouse yester- day. The old depot building was built be- fore the Civil War. Sub-Zero Wave ch WASHINGTON, D. C, [EACE REQUESS DATADN MPANEE WANDATED ISLES Takes Notice Indirectly of Rumors Islands Are Fortified. EXCESSIVE SPENDING FOR EQUIPMENT CITED Modification of American Naval Stand Rumored—Tokio's Optimism Grows. By the Associated Press. GENEVA, January 19.—The Council of the League of Nations took indirect notice today of rumors that Japan is fortifying the former German islands !in the Pacific which it holds under League mandate. At the same time it carefully avoided taking any stand on the ques- tion of Japan’s right to retain control of the islands after its resignation from the League. Disproportionate Sums Cited. A report adopted by the Council in public session notes particularly the “disproportion which appears to exist between the sum spent for equipment of ports of certain islands and the volume of their commercial activity.” Japan was asked to give further details on this subject in its next report on administration of its man- dated territories. Mandates’ Use Criticized. Salvador de Madariaga, the Spanish delegate, referring to mandated terri- tories, in general, crticized what he termed a tendency to turn mandates into colonies. He urged granting the Mandates Commission wider powers and increased funds for discharge of its duties. The suggestion has been made that the commission might send a repre- sentative to the Japanese mandated islands to determine the exact situ- ation in connection with the rumors of fortification activities. TOKIO MORE OPTIMISTIC. Indication London Wants Pact Also Are Seen. By Radio to The Star. TOKIO, Japan, January 19.— Rumors that Washington is showing signs of moderating its naval stand, that London is desirous of a political understanding akin to the former Anglo-Japanese alliance afid that Nanking is inclined to receive a Japa- nese overture of assistance in throw- ing off the white man’s hegemony, are gradually saturating the atmos- phere with optimism regarding Japan’s foreign relations. Theugh concrete developments are invisible, a general feeling is growing that Japan has successfully maneu- vered a consolidation of its interna- ticnal position by creating Man- choukuo, quitting the League of Na- tions and abrogating the Washington naval treaty without exposing itself to much danger. Planned Program Need. What is now needed, it is felt, is a carefully planned program to re- store, with those nations which de- clined to acquiesce in Japan’s activ- ities since 1931, a greater degree of international camaraderie. ‘This may be reflected in the speech before the Diet by Foreign Minister Koki Hirota next Tuesday. He is then expected to stress Japan’s desire to es- tablish the principle of no menace and non-aggression, marking a new devel- opment from his 1934 speech, in which he stressed Japan's Far Eastern posi- tion. Meanwhile, the New York corre- spondent of the Tokio newspaper Asahi claims that an opportunity is coming to conclude a Japanese-Amer- jcan political agreement covering China and the Philippines and de- signed to break the naval deadlock be- tween the two great powers. He says that Japanese in Washing- ton realize that American reluctance to grant Japan naval equality is based on suspicions of Japan’s continental intentions They therefore favor ne- gotiation of a general political under- standing, under which Manchoukuo would be accepted as a fait accompli. Report Not Substantiated. Prominence given this report, which is accompanied by no substantiation, is indicative of the importance at- tached to prospects of ending Japan’s international isolation. Revived talk of an Anglo-Japanese rapprochment is equally nebulous, though the claim is made that Hirota and the British Ambassador here have agreed that the continued pres- ence in London of the Japanese Am- bassador, Tsuneo Matsudaira, who headed Japan’s delegation to the re- cent naval conversations there, is advisable because of the possibility that financiers, industralists and con- setvatives will prevail on the British government to recognize Japan as the sole stabilizing force in the Orient. (Copyright. 1935.) Grips West; Threatening to Invade East By the Associated Press. Winter was striking with renewed fury in the Central West and North- ;les', portions of the United States to- ay. A blast of bitter cold was reported sweeping down from the far North- west, where blizzards piled snow- drifts high, and was threatening to move as far East as the Ohio Valley and the upper Great Lakes by to- morrow. Transportation was impeded or blocked over wide areas. The Capital is slated to get its second snow of the week today, but it will be short-lived, turning to rain or sleet this afternoon or tonight, the Weather Bureau predicted. A minimum of 28 degrees is pre- dicted for tonight, while tomorrow will be rainy and warmer. Monday will be colder, the bureau sald. ‘The mercury already has sunk far below zero in the Dakotas and in 1 Minnesota, and by tonight the weather man believed the Middle West would be in the grip of one of the coldest snaps of the season. It was 26 below zero at Williston, N. Dak, and 16 below at Fargo. Canadian temperatures dropped still lower, with 42 below zero reported at_Saskatoon. Fears that the cold wave would ex- tend as far south as Oklahoma were expressed and cattlemen took steps to guard their live stock. Meanwhile, the number of fatal- ities in accidents attributed to the week’s snow, rain and ice slowly but steadily increased. A score or more had perished. Maine was digging out of a 9-inch snowfall. Snow was also predicted for the Middle West today and for the East by this afternoon or tonight. Southern California was hit by wind, hail and electrical storms yesterday. % SATURDAY, JANUARY 19, 1935—TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. S N St | W @\5@0 [ coN<e : O - e N = ) = | s..— NS ‘ AUANEE — e A\‘\%—» & _/& woflat N~ gy, = i 7/4(474' — i u.s. SUPREME < %o Il BNy s eSS 7/7]./':;%J\ /\'['”l/,g A WATCHFUL WAITING! o Star ¥ il BATAN REEETS WORKS PROGRANS Holds Trial Has Found Plan| Wanting as Jobless Remedy. By the Associated Press. GENEVA, January 19.—Great Brit- ain has tried the system of public works as a remedy for unemployment and found it wanting. ‘The experience is set forth in a 300- page volume, “National Public Works,” published by the League of Nations on the basis of replies from 29 na- tions, including the United States. Britain's reply was that “the ex-| periment of large public works as a | method of dealing with unemploy- ment has been tried and has failed, and it is not intended to repeat it.” It said the British view was that the ultimate test of each work must be its social or economic value. The reply added that England’s ex- perience showed that the stimulation of public works selected primarily in respect to their employment providing capacity had little effect on unem- ployment in proportion to the heavy expenditure incurred. “The work when completed leaves burdens on national and local finance which impede the recovery of normal activity,” Britain also said. The report concluded that the ex- pansion of normal activity “will most surely and rapidly be brought about by the creation of confidence, par- ticularly by a balanced budget, the lowering of the rate of interest and facilities for the removal of hin- drances to trade.” —_— ALEXANDRIAN HELD IN FATAL HOLD-UP New York Policeman Slain in Gun Fight at Store. By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, January 19.—Three gun fights, in each of which police took part, left three persons dead and one critically wounded today. Patrolman James M. J. Killian was fatally wounded in an exchange of shots with four men who attempted to hold up a leather goods store last night. The four hold-up men were captured. A few hours later Albert Musgrif, 2 taxicab driver, was shot to death in Brooklyn in a battle between two po- licemen and three gunmen who had forced him to drive them away from 8 hold-up. The trio surrendered. The third shooting occurred early today at 2 Long Island City elevated station when two brothers resisted the attempt of police to arrest them as vagrants after they had been found sleeping in the station. ‘The four bandits, surprised holding up the leather goods store, gave their names as Ray Orley, 20; Thomas Rooney, 22, and Amerigo Angelini, 22, all of New York, and Newman Ray- mond, 22, of Alexandria, Va. All were taken to police headquarters today and charged with homicide. Police said they had admited 20 hold-ups within the last few months in which they collected over $6,000 loot. JAPANESE ENDS LIFE ON TRAIN TO D. C. Identified as Professor—Throat Cut—Coroner Gives Suicide Verdict. By the Assoclated Press. HARRISBURG, Pa., January 19.— A Japanese, identified as Kohei Schiga of Sendai, Japan, was found dead on a Pennsylvania Railroad train at Marysville today. His throat was cut apparently by a penknife, and Coroner Howard E. Milliken said the man had committed suicide. ‘A letter addressed to the Japanese Consul at Chicago was found in & pocket. Coroner Milliken said identi- fication cards on the body indicated Schiga was & professor of mathematics. Railroad employes found the body in a coach of the train, which was bound from Chicazo to Washington. b d Old Ladies’ Home; Willed by Sisters, | To Be Constructed | | Incorporation Papers: Filed by Attorney for ! the Misses Holliedt. | The $200.000 Old Ladies’ Home, pro- | vided for in the wills of two elderly | spinsters, appeared a reality today | when a certificate of incorporation for establishment of the home at 4604 Thirteenth street was filed with the recorder of deeds. Provision for the home was made by Mathilda Holliedt, who died in March, 1931, and her sister, Dorothea Holliedt, who died last July. Their wills directed that the residue of their estates, appraised at $200,000, be used in forming a corporation to construct and operate the home. The wills stipulated that the home be made available to needy women of 55 years or over, and the preference in admission to the home be given to members of the Concordia Lutheran Evangelical Church. The home is to be known as the Mathilda and Doro- thea W. Holliedt Home. Attorney Paul Caromelin, who rep- resented the estates, filed the certifi- cate of incorporation. FIVE ARE BURNED IN THEATER BLAZE Three Patrons and Two Stage- hands Victims in Philadel- phia Fire. By the Assoclated Press. PHILADELPHIA, January 19.—A sudden pillar of flame shot off the stage of the Shubert Theater in the first rows of the orchestra circle in the midst of a burlesque show last night and started audience and per- formers in a frenzied rush that in- jured five persons. Many more were overcome by smoke as men and women scrambled madly for the exits. Only the calm efforts of women ushers and the orchestra’s blaring jazz tunes prevented a serious panic as clouds of smoke rolled through the theater. Scantily clad girl performers groped their way from the third and fourth story dressing rooms, while an audi- ence of about 1,000 fled into South Broad street. ‘The fire started while a humorist and a “straight man” were putting on a dialogue. Occupants of the threatened seats scrambled for safety, but not quickly enough. Augustine Ciagla, 33, of Pal- myra, N. J,, and Mr. and Mrs. Albert Newcomb of Philadelphia, were burned about the hands and face. Stage hands frantically lowered the fireproof curtain. Two who who tried to beat out the flames, Lewis Thomp- son, 64, and Earl Oberpeck, 53, were burned. ARMY IS RECRUITED TO COMBAT LONG First Troops to Fight Dictator- ship Start Drilling Under Ex-Service Men. By the Associated Press. BATON ROUGE, La., January 19.— The first company of Louisiana’s “army” to fight Senator Huey P. Long will be mustered here today at 3:30 p.m. (Central standard time) on the broad acres of the East Baton Rouge Parish Airport. Ex-service men will act as instruc- tors for the first troop. Other military groups will be organized throughout the State, the Square Deal Association announced. The association, hendec'l" &ymE:nest Bourgeois, was organized an- nounced purpose of toppling Long's dictatorship in the State. Bourgeois declined to reveal the association’s plans. Gov. O. K. Allen and other State officials have ignored the demands of the association, but have placed guards around the State House and executive TWINS BORN ON BOAT DUTCH HARBOR, Alaska, January 19 (A).—With no doctor or nurse aboard ship, Capt. Ryning of the small motor boat Starr, assisted at the birth of twins to Mrs. Harry C. Hunt of Unga, Alaska. Mrs. Sothaie Pettitoff of Akutan also assisted. The babies were transferred to 2 hospital, where all were “doing well” today. [EGENA A WA GRLLED BY POLCE Younger Killer Reported Breaking Under Strain of Questioning. Walter Legenza and Robert Mais, the killers who shot their way from a | Richmond death cell, were being | grilled in New York today regarding recent escapes of the tri-State gang and a reputed plot for a series of kid- | napings. There were indications of a break in the tight-lipped =ailiance between the 41-year-old Legenza and his run- ning mate, an alliance which with- stocd innumerable grillings and a Richmond murder trial, at which both were convicted and given death sentences. Mais, 29, is said to have admitied to Federal authorities that he planned kidnapings in which Simon S. Neu- man of Bryn Mawr, Pa.. wealthy dis- tillery executive, was to have been the first victim, according to the Associ- ated Press. Return May Be Delayed. ‘This development came as the pair, arrested with a woman and two el- leged companions, in surprise ralds in New York Friday night and early ves- terday, awaited arraignment today as | fugitives from justice. Their return to Virginia may be delayed while more recent crimes in Northeastern cities are being investigated. J. Edgar Hoover, chief of the Divi- sion of Investigation, has agreed to turn Mais and Legenza over to Vir- ginia authorities, but first required assurance the prisoners would not be returned to the Richmond City Jail, from which they escaped last September. This assurance was given by T. Gray Haddon, Richmond Common- wealth’s attorney. The prisoners still are in Federal custody. Their al- leged Federal offenses range from transporting stolen property over State lines to stealing Government arms at the Maryland National Guard Armory in Hyattsville, mail robbery and kidnaping. Truscott Sent to Gotham. Inspector Frank S. W. Burke and members of the homicide squad here, who knew Legenza and Mais of old, expressed surprise when informed Mais appeared to be talking. “If those guys are talking” one veteran said, “they’re talking through their hats, to stall for time. I don't think they want to go back to Vir- ginia.” Detective Sergt. Floyd Truscott of the homicide squad, who traced the (Continued on Page 2, Column 1.) HOOVERS WILL HEAD AMELIA EARHART FETE Aviatrix and Husband to Fly From Los Angeles to Oakland for Honor Tonight. By the Associated Press. OAKLAND, Calif,, January 19— Even former President Herbert Hoover, who has shunned public appearances since his retirement from the White House, will turn out tonight to honor Amelia Earhart for her solo trans- Pacific flight from Honolulu. Mr. and Mrs. Hoover will head a notable group attending the reception. Gov. Gen. Joseph Poindexter of Ha- waii will congratulate Miss Earhart by radio. An escort of Navy planes will roar to meet the flyer and her The only evening paper in Washington with the Associated Press News and Wirephoto services. Yesterday’s Circulation, 1 WE 50 OUR PANY 29,329 Some Returns Not Yet Recelved. UP) Means Associated Pre: French Soldiers “Missing” in Saar After Vote Trip Foreign Legion Officers Await Return of 65 Over Border. By the Associated Press. SARREGUEMINES, France, Jan- | uary 19.— With anti-Nazi refugees streaming from the Saar, officers of the French Foreign Legion stood at the frontier today wondering why 65 of their men who went to vote in the plebiscite haven't come back. As a gesture of good will France permitted 72 Saarlanders from the famous African unit of the Foreign Legion to return to their homeland to vote. So far only seven have re- turned, and officers were considering the possibility of sending a squad in for the rest. But the foreign soldiers had 10 days’ leave for the trip and officers said nothing was to be done until they became overdue. Apparently, veloped an wnexpected liking for life in the Saar. COURT MAY DECIDE LD CASE TODAY Many Observers Expect Historic Ruling by Monday. By the Associated Press. Nine Supreme Court justices—minus gather today in a plain basement room of the Capitol to seek agree- ment on the $69,000,000,000 “geld clause” cases. Behind doors 2ealously guarded, the court—if it followed its regular sched- ule—was to engage in informal dis- cussicn on the cases which pose the question whether the New Deal mone- tary structure is reared on good legal bedrock, or the sands of unconstitu- tionality. ‘Though many observers did not look for the announcement until February 4. because the writing of opinions after the court makes up its mind is a somewhat lengthy process, others pointed to some major cases of the past in which the judges announced a verdict, and lccked for a verdict Mondey. Will Make History. Many believe the ruling may rank in history with the Dartmouth Col- lege case and the Dred Scott decision. The question is whether the Govern- ment acted constitutionally in sus- pending the clause requiring payment of gold or its equivalent on some $100,000,000,000 of public and private obligations. If the Government loses, the securities would call for payment of $169,000,000,000 in the present de- valued dollar. Supreme Court decisions are read on Mondays, amid an atmoesphere of so- lemnity, in the little chamber where the Senate used to meet to hear Danjel Webster and other famous orators. But the real work is done before- hand in the conference room, almost beneath the Capitol dome. The Jus- tices seat themselves in swivel chairs around a large table and the Chief Justice brings up the first case. Cardozo First Questioned. He first asks the views of Justice Cardozo, who is the “baby member” in point of seniority, though he is 64 | years old. Those with the shortest service are called on first. The idea is that this prevents them from being influenced by the beliefs of those with greater experience. After Cardozo finishes, the others talk in this order: Roberts, Stone, Butler, Sutherland, Brandeis, McRey- nolds, Van Devanter and Hughes. If there is a marked division of opinion, a general discussion follows and usually the difficulties are ad- justed and unanimity results. In some cases it is more difficult to ob- tain unanimity. Then numerous con- ferences may be held. Procedure in Dissent. When it clearly develops that a dis- sent may not be avoided, the Chief Justice decides who will write the majority opinion, perhaps doing it himself. The dissenters agree among themselves as to who will prepare thier views. While the justices air their views they are alone. Two doors and an ante-room separate them from two men who serve jointly as guards and attendants. " As the discussion continues, some members frequently make notes in maroon-covered books containing a resume of the cases. After the con- ference the books are closed and their covers locked. Only the justices have the keys. Utmost secrecy is maintained in printing the opinions. Mission Gifts Increase. CHICAGO, January 19 (#).—Rev. John R. Scotford, New York, reported today to the Conference of Congrega- tional and Christian Church Superin- tendents that donations for mission- ary and benevolent work showed an increase during December for the first husband, George Palmer Putnam, as they fly here from Los Angeles. time in four years. Railroad Bomb Hunters Risk Lives to Protect Heavy Trains By the Associated Press. SPRINGFIELD, IIl, January 19.— Among the world’s most dangerous professions, the bomb hunters of & Central Illinois railway rank near the top. : Swift, gasoline-powered “scooters” precede each train on the tracks of the Chicago & Illinois Midland Rallway in a perilous search for more mani- festations of the violent Illinois mine war that has torn the State for over two years. In recent months bridges and tracks of the railway have been bombed more than & dozen times in outbreaks at- tributed by authorities to the strife between the United Mine Workers of America and the Progressive Miners of America. @ ‘Trains bearing coal from the dis- puted territory have been the objects of the attacks. As a result the rail- way, engaged in coal transportation, has manned its tracks with bomb hunters, assigned to seek explosives that might bring death to crews of trains. Though many of the bombs have been arranged so they are set off only by the heavy weight of a full train, there remains the constant poscibility that the light gasoline “scooters” might touch off a death-dealing ex- plosion. ‘The identities of the daring crews are veiled in secrecy by railway offi- cials, so praises of the lookouts go unsung. they explained, the legion men de-} their black robes—were expected tof TWO CENTS. DEMOGRATS MOVE 10 BLOCK OLD-AGE PENSION ‘REVOLT Leaders See Signs of Some Joining Republicans for More Liberal Benefits. LARGER CONTRIBUTIONS FOR STATES ADVOCATED Roosevelt Sees No Reason Why They Should Not Chip in $30 a Month. By the Associated Press. The Democratic leadership today sought to head off any ‘“revolt” against major features of the Roose- velt social security program. While Capitol Hill saw signs that some Democrats would join with some Republicans in fighting for more lib- eral benefits for the unemployed and the aged, administration leaders studied a declaration by the President that he saw no reason why States should not make the pensions for those now old and needy higher than $30 a month. Though he said sound financing re- quired the Federal Government to limit its part of the contributions to $15, he indicated a belief that States might, if they desired, chip in more than that sum. ‘While Republicans, as a group, with- held comments pending meetings at which they will discuss their stand, the President sought quick action by Congress. He said yesterday he hoped the legislation would go through quickly so State Legislatures—44 of which are meeting now or soon will be in session—can go ahead with their share of the program. The House Ways and Means Com- mittee and the Senate Finance Com- mittee plan to hold hearings early next week. Besides Senator Borah Republican, of Idaho, who had pre- viously objected to the $15 Federal contribution as inadequate, Senator Long, Democrat, of Louisiana, voiced opposition yesterday. Calling for $30 or $40 a month, he said: “All the people would get that would do 'em any good under that $15 plan could be put in your right eye.” Difficulties arose in another quarter when Chairman Connery of the House Labor Committee made clear that he planned to go ahead and hold old-age pensions hearings despite the fact the administration’s Wagner-Lewis bill had been referred to the Ways and Means Committee. He said the com- mittes, members of which are pro- testing against being ignored, would aim at an old-age plan “more satis- factory to the people.” An attempt to supplant the admin- istration plan with the Townsend bill for $200 a month is planned by Repre- sentative McGroarty, Democrat, of California. Senator Wagner, Democrat, of New York and Secretary of Labor Perkins are expected to appear before con- gressional committees next week to explain the administration’s plans. Press for Work Relief. Meanwhile, the administration is pressing ahead with its drive for work relief. The President and House Democratic leaders have agreed on a resolution, to be introduced Monday, giving the President free power to ad- minister $4,000,000,000 for work re- lief and $880,000,000 for the transi- tion from the dole to jobs. Despite protests that have arisen against “lump sum” appropriations, leaders planned to rush it through the House early next week under | drastic rules curbing opposition. The Public Works Administration, under the direction of Secretary Ickes, called on States and localities to fur- nish before February 11 a ‘“national inventory” on work projects which might be carried on with the $4,000,- 000,000 fund. A “tremendous” and favorable in- terest in old-age pension legislation was reported by Representative Keller, Democrat of Illinois, to have been evidenced by governors in response to questionnaires he sent them recently. Talmadge Offers Protest. Keller said Gov. Talmadge of Georgia was the only one out of 31 who had replied that had expressed opposition to such benefits for the old. He said Talmadge expressed fear that the pension would destroy the incen- tive to the young to work and accumu- late for themselves. { The Illinois member said most of the governors favored $30 a month, one suggested $40 and one proposed even a larger amount. Norman Thomas, the Socialist Ilelder. said in a statement last night that Socialists were naturally gratified that the principle of social security had been recognized but that the amounts provided for were “shockingly inadequate.” ““The capitalistic system can neither produce enough nor distribute it equably enough to conquer poverty,’ he said. ‘That requires Socialism. “*There must be a far more vigorous extension of the principle of unem- ployment insurance, or, more accu- rately, indemnity, to those who are now unemployed through no fault of their own and who cannot and will not be absorbed by the President’s ‘work program. Bishop-Author Dies. LOS ANGELES, January 19 (#)— Dr. Irving Cooper, 52, regional bishop of the Liberal Catholic Church for America and author of several books, died of coronary thrombosis late Thursday at a Glendale hospital. Amusements Church News Serial Story . Short Story . goclety