Evening Star Newspaper, January 16, 1935, Page 2

A2 «» DECISION METHODS OF COURT STATED Rulings Made Following Careful Study Free of Undue Influence. | BY DAVID LAWRENCE. There's so much interest nowadays | in what the Supreme Court is doing | and so much discussion that it seems | appropriate to reproduce some inter- | esting comments made by one of thul men who has actual experience with the work of the highest court. After Charles Evans Hughes re signed as associate justice in 1916, subsequent to about six years of serv- ice on the bench, he delivered a series | of lectures at Columbia University on | the work of the Supreme Court. He explained the *“conferences” of the| court and the way the members decide an issue by voting. He had no idea at the time he wrote the lectures that he would some day be Chief Justice. Here is what he said: Voices First Opinion. “While the Chief Justice has only one vote, the way in which the court does its work gives him a special op- portunity for leadership. At the con- ference it is the practice for the Chief Justice, unless he desires otherwise. to | be the first to state his opinion with respect to the case to be decided: he gives his opinion first and vote After a decision has been re: the Chief Justice assigns the opinion to one of the members of the court; that is. of course, to one of the majority if there is a division, and the Chief Justice is a member of ihe majority. If he is in the minority. the senior justice in the majority assigns the case for opinion. “When assiening cases, the Chief | Justice may retain any cases he pleases | for himself. It is recognized that he has sole control over the assign- ment of opinions and his assignments | are never questioned. In this way.| he has an important choice among the judges in the distribution of the | important cases. It might be supposed | that this method would be open to| objection, but it has worked well. | 1 regard 't as far better than the| method of some courts of assigning { cases in rotation, so that the judges know. when the case is argued, un-| 1 there is some division making & different assignment necessary, who s going to write the opinion. All Express Views. “In the Supreme Court every judge H g s comes to the conference to expr his views and to vote, not know: but that he may have the responsi- | bility of wri e opinion whuhl will accord with the vote. He is thus keenly aware of his responsibility n voting. It is not the practice of the Supreme Court to postpone \'m-’ ing until an opinion has been brought | in by one of the judges which may be plausible enough to win the adher- | ence of another judge who has not| studied the case carefull ' The theory th: 1ew justices will follow the wishes of the Presidentsi who appoint them is popularly held, | but is disproved by experience. Judges appointed by Presidents Jefferson undl Madison did not hesitate to oppose them, as did judges appointed by President Jackson. It was a North- ern Democrat who joined with a Northern Whig judge in dissenting in the Dred Scott case. President Lincoln’s legal tender policy was held unconstitutional by his own ap- pointees. “Nothing is more striking in the history of the court.” writes Charles Warren, Assistant Attorney General | under the Wilson administration and an authority on Supreme Court prac- tice, “than the manner in which the hopes of those who expected a judge to follow the political views of the President appointing them have been disappointed.” Mr. Hughes Comments on Point. Mr. Hughes, in the same lectures before Columbia University, handled this point as follows: “President Theodore Roosevelt was deeply interested in the prosecution and success of the suit brought to dissolve the Northern Securities Co. He had appointed two associate jus- tices, but one of these, Justice Holmes, Jjoined with the appointees of Presi- dent Cleveland in dissent, writing a strong opinion against the contentions of the Government. Very recently the Supreme Court decided a question which had remained open from the foundation of the Government as to the President’s power of removal. { the eme | a sure sign he expects a good appoint- | | What’s What Behind News In Capital Congress May Curb Appointments by President. BY PAUL R. MALLON. OME of President Roosevelt's best congressional friends have S not told him yet, but they are getting ready to restrain his free hand in emergency ap- pointments. A series of simple one-line amend- ments may find their way into coming appropriation bills, stating that here- after the President must obtain Senate onfirmation for men named to all jobs carrying $5.000 a year salnryl and up. This will mean that Mr.; Roosevelt will have to consult Con- gressmen regarding such appoint- They can turn down his men like. The Congressmen are getting tired of having no say about emergency jobs. Emergency bureau chiefs snub them and disregard their recommendations. Most of the regular bureau chiefs do not dare to act that way because they are always trying to get them- selves or some assistant confirmed by the Senate. There is no reason why rgency bureau heads should jected to the same senatorial as others, After all, the de- That is the way Last sea: room about limiting Mr. Roose- velt's free hand to jobs under $3,500 the Congressmen generally the limit should be raised 000. and that amount was ac- pulated in one or two ap- ation bills. Somehow the move- t lost in the shuffle near the end, probably because of inside pres- re from the White House. In Fear of Ickes. What has helped to revive it now | is fear in many a Democratic con- ressional heart that Interior Secre- y Ickes may get control of the new $4,000,000,000 work relief organiza- tion. The opinion of most Democratic | Congressmen concerning Mr. Ickes’ system of making appointments | would nave to be written on asbestos | paper. It would scorch ordinary news print. Reliefer Harry Hopkins is liked more, but not much more. It is almost a foregone conclusion that the new work relief bill will carry a clause requiring Senate confirmation for that job, even if the White House | again stops the movement to restrain other appropriations similarly. The news may be announced in a | few days that the missing bill writer, | Ben Cohen, is to get Ferdinand Pe- cora’s vacant seat on the Securities Exchange Commission. At least, Cohen has been observing all traffic light signals and has avoided walking under ladders lately. That is to § tually ment. He has been in line for more | appointments that he never received |Of the Johns Hopkins University Sup- than any other man in the New Deal. | Something always happens at the last minute to crowd him out. Every one now expects him to be run over by a bicycle before Mr. Pecora is confirmed as a justice of the State Supreme Court by the New York Legislature and Cohen's appointment is an- nounced. Cohen has been missing from the mews pages since he, Landis and Corcoran finished writing the financial reform bill sfor the New Deal. He has been holding down the relatively obscure job of general counsel to P. W. A. Wall Street will not gain anything by getting Cohen for Pecora. Cohen wrote more of the S. E. C. bill than any one else and knows more about the legal end of finance than probably any other New Dealer. St. Lawrence Treaty. | You may expect to see the President | send a special message to Congress urging ratification of the St. Lawrence | waterway treaty. It may not go up The case arose out of the action of President Wilson in removing a post- master of the first class without the advice and consent of the Scnate, al- though the postmaster had been ap- pointed under an act of Congress which provided for removal with such advice and consent. “President Wilson’s action was sus- tained by the court in an opinoin { delivered by the Chief Justice, a former Republican President, but both the associate justices appointed by President Wilson, namely, Justice Brandeis and Justice McReynolds, who had been Attorney General under President Wilson, dissented, being of the opinion that the action of Presi- dent Wilson had been outside consti- tutional power. Course Not Predictable. “If conscientious, able and inde- pendent men are put on the bench, you cannot predict their caurse as judges by reference either to partisan motives or to personal or party loyal- ties. If you could get further down to the bedrock of conviction as to what are conceived to be fundamental principles of government and social relations, you might be able to get closer to accurate prophecy.” The gossip that Mr. Roosevelt may add through act of Congress to the Supreme Court justices who will help the court to throw the balance in|} favor of New Deal legislation is heard | around the Capitol, but Speaker Byrns, Democrat, has said nothing of the sort is contemplated and that he would not stand for it if it was. ‘The Supreme Court is in the spot- light just now because of the gold clause cases, but indications are that it will have several other important constitutional questions to decide this year. Hence an understanding of the disinterested and dispassionate way the highest court functions is essential to the reading of the day’s news and a forecast of what is coming. And Jjust now those most familiar with con- stitutional law are perhaps the best prophets of how the cases may ulti- mately be decided. (Copyright. 1935.) BAND CONCERT. By the United States Marine Band Symphony Orchestra this evening at 8 o'clock in the Marine Barracks band auditorium; Capt. Taylor Branson, leader; Arthur S. Witcomb, second leader. Notice—The monthly symphony concert by the Marine Band Sym- phony Orchestra will be given on Wednesday, January 23. The program will include Cesar Franck’s “Sym- phony in D Minor.” The soloist will be William Pfeiffer, vu*nm.. until later in the session, but it's in the cards for this session. In fact, the President already has a rough draft of it. Talks the State Department is hav- ing with Canada concerning slight modification of the treaty may neces- sitate some change in the message, but it won't affect it as a whole. Don't pay too much attention to the talk about the treaty being modified. It may not be touched at all. i medical service. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16, 1935. WOMEN SPUR WAR AGAINST ‘KINGFISH Square Deal Association’s Ultimatum Nears “Zero Hour.” By the Associated Press. BATON ROUGE, La., January 16.— With the Square Deal Association’s ultimatum demanding repeal of Huey Long's dictatorial laws approaching the “zero hour of midnight,” woman compatriots joined in today with a cry of “fight.” The association has demanded that Gov. O. K. Allen call a special session of the Legislature by midnight tonight to repeal the “offensive” laws passed at Long's direction. But as several hundred protesting women gathered last night near the: $5,000,000 skyscraper capitol, guarded by State police, no announcement was ; made by Ernest J. Bourgeois, associa- tion president, as to what would be done if the ultimatum is not heeded. Action Demanded. “The time has come for action.” he said last night at Bossier City, where a Bossier Parish “company” of the association was organized. “1 am not here to incite any one to bloodshed or violence,” he said. “This organization has definite plans, but they are secret. We will use them if our ultimatum to State officials is turned down.” Women made spirited attacks on Long at the meeting here last night. Mrs. J. L. Roussel of Baton Rouge broke down when elected president of the women's division of the Square Deal Association. “I believe all this will end in blood- shed, and in some one being hurt,” she sobbed, “but I want my men to say they'll be glad to go!" Minister Offers Prayer. Rev. George W. Hickman opened the women's meeting with prayer, pleading for divine guidance in the | r" against Long. “There’s been too much talk and not enough action,” said Mrs, Mary Robertson of Baton Rouge. “1 don’t mean by action, violance. I mean action that will bring results.” She proposed “boycotting” of legis- lators’ families. “If that doesn't bring results, I 1»3\'9 the next course for you to de- cide.” PHYSICIANS’ FEES TERMED T00 HIGH Harvard Professor Criticizes Doc- tors and Advocates Group Service. By the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, January 16.—Dr. | Richard C. Cabot, professor of social | ethics at Harvard University, last| night termed the present-day medical | system “absurdly expensive and ab- | surdly inefficient” and scored the pro- | fession for performing an ‘“enormous | number” of unnecessary surgical oper- ations. Dr. Cabot made the statements in an address before members and guests | per_Club. | The Harvard professor asserted the American Medical Association “is dominated by a system of politics” and “is slow to adopt progressive ideas,” and declared the association “has not stamped out ‘fee-splitting,” in fact, it as done much to encourage the prac- tice.” “It costs too much to be sick.” Dr. Cabot asserted. “It costs more than it ought to. As a result, many people don’t go to see a doctor.” He proposed citizens should organize into groups and retain physicians on | a year-around basis, at a prearranged rate of pay. The American Medical Society, he said, is opposed to his system of group WIDOW OF BABY FACE! GIVES U.S. TIP ON 17 Charges Filed on Long List of Persons Accused of Con- cealing Gangster. By the Associated Press. SAN FRANCISCO, January 16— ‘The cue on which Uncle Sam may make good his vow to have the “last laugh” on those who allegedly helped conceal the late “Baby Face” Nelson was said today by Henry H. McPike, United States district attorney, to have been supplied by the widow of It is not generally known, but the P. W. A. has been making money in one respect. It has been auctioning off municipal bonds to the highest bidders, and, so far, has realized a profit of about $1,000,000 on the deals. The bonds are those taken as security for Government loans. Some have been taken by investment houses which would not have touched a municipal bond with a 10-foot pole a year ago. Treasury Is Disturbed. The Treasury was so aroused in- ternally by those pointed questions Chief Justice Hughes asked in the gold case, that its legal division has been burning midnight electricity ever since. Flickerings of light from the the gangster. Seventeen persons, including the widow, Mrs. Helen Gillis, were in- dicted here yesterday on charges of conspiracy to conceal the public en- emy while he was hiding out in Cali- fornia and Nevada last Summer. Her story, McPike said, told of air- plane trips, saloon conferences and deliveries of a machine gun, ammuni- tion and bulletproof vests. The Government, McPike said, would seek to discover if there is any connection between the Nelson gang and the disappearance last Summer of Roy T. Frisch, Reno bank cashier. Topping the list of those indicted was John Paul Chase, now in Chicago awaiting trial for murder. He is al- leged to have been Nelson’s companion at Barrington, Ill, when two Federal agents were shot. D G TALK PROVES COSTLY blinds of its third floor Treasury offices have brightened Pennsylvania avenue ! nightly, long after most people have gone to bed. The vast activities of the New Deal have so increased the work of Senators that Senate Floor Leader Robinson, for one, has established one of his secretaries in a down- town office near the Government departments. ¢ Husbands can get a line on the grocery bills by looking at the War Department budget. It cost 28.53 cents a day to feed each soldier of the Army when the New Deal started in March, 1933. Last November, it cost 409 cents, and now, about 31.5 cents. The department wants 37.25 cents for next year's. Just ask your wife why she does not feed you .for 37 cents a day. The best brief the Governrhent could submit in the gold case is ione which Senator Borah has in mind It is not orthodox for Senators to submit briefs to the court, but Borah's may yet be offered. (Cuvnkht‘m’li.) Evasions Bring ! Boasts of Tax Assessments of $216,000. PITTSBURGH (#)—In a cocktail bar two loquacious men talked of shoes and ships—and taxes. “I've got lots of personal property and never paid a cent of tax on it,” vouchsafed one. “That’s a coincidence,” came from the companion. “I've got a lot, too, and I never paid and I'm not go- ing to.” Nearby was T. Ralph Barr, who looks after tax assessments. He heard. ‘The total tax and penalties paid by the gentlemen, Barr told the realty board, was $216,000. l M N T 12 Bones Broken in Year. OSAGE, Iowa (#)—Dean Dickson, 13, Osage school boy, is recovering from his sixth case of broken bones within a year, a fracture of both bones Striking View of Capitol Hill From the Air This airview gives a complete picture of Capitol Hill. Lower left is the Senate Office Building. The white building on the left is the new United States Supreme Court Building, a gorgeous edifice of gleaming marble. The Library of Congress is shown beyond the Supreme Court. The old House Office Building and the new House Office Building, left and right, are shown at the upper side of the picture, and the United States Capitol, with the House wing on the far side and the Senate wing, both flanking the majestic dome, complete the important physical phases of the Hill's organization. shown. The intricate system —Made from Goodyear blimp Enterprise—Harris-Ewing Photo. | of streets and pathways is clearly THREENR A HEADS etorney Husband Conducts MAY RESIEN POSTS Possibly Four Seen Near End of Tenure, With Rea- sons in Doubt. By the Associated Press. There is a possibility that three, | possibly four, members of the board now in charge of the N. R. A. may resign in the near future. Arthur D. Whiteside, one of the members of the National Industrial Recovery Board, has said on several occasions that he wished to leave for business reasons; similarly S. Clay Williams, chairman, made it plain a month ago that he wanted to return to his business. Walter Hale Hamil- ton, another member, has been away for some time, due to iliness. Whether the desire of these officials to step out was due partly to friction in the board, and to disagreement on recommendations to President Roose- velt for the future of N. R. A, was the subject of speculation. A high ‘official said the board disagreed vig- orously on many points, but that it had not yet “even agreed to disagree.” No formal recommendations of any kind have been submitted to the Pres- ident by the board. Donald R. Rich- berg, executive director of the Na- tional Emergency Council and head of | the N. R. A. Policy Board, has been in conference with N. R. A. officials fre- quently and has had ample oppor- tunity to keep the President informed. One official said it would be ex- tremely difficult to get all seven mem- bers of the board to agree on a plan for the future N. R. A. He said, how- | ever, that this was more or less inevi- table because of the radically different philosophies which must be involved. The board members are “full grown men” and will not “throw in the sponge” because other men do not agree with them, this official as- serted. — COTTON CO-OPERATIVES ASSURED OF U. S. AIMS By the Associated Press. NEW ORLEANS, January 16— Farm Credit Administration officials from Washington yesterday informed State co-operative leaders in conven- tion here that the Government had no intention of running a monopoly in extending Government credit. They also told the conferees that the co-operative movement was de- signed to improve the financial con- dition of the farmer. F. W. Peck, co-operative bank com- missioner of the Farm Credit Admin- istration, declared “credit is extended on a sound business basis.” J. E. Wells, jr, deputy to Peck, described the co-operatives as the “peacemakers” for the industry. | | | | By the Associated Press. ] ST. LOUIS, January 16.—When | Mrs. Frank A. Mohr testified in her divorce suit, her attorney husband | conducted the cross-examination. “Outside our spirits, our hope, $800 in the bank and my salary, we didn’t have much to start on when we mar- ried, did we?” questioned the husband after addressing his wife as Mrs. Mohr. “That's about all, Frank.” “You didn't concern yourself much about the cost of our new home, did | you?" | “You said I wouldn't be able to un- ! derstand anything about it,” his wife countered sweetly. | “Well, we lived happily after moving | in, didn’t we?” Divorce Cross-Examination | “You still didn't come home nights." ! “And you still had charge accounts at the stores?” |~ “Yes, but you complained about the bills, except when you had been out | for several days, and told me to buy a dress to make up for it.” month, didn’t 12" “For a while you did, but even then | you would come around and borrow | most of it back.” | “At one time you poured out 400 | bottles of my home brew, didn't you?" 500 bottles.” | Then the judge moved the case to | his private chambers, where the liti- gants agreed upon everything but dis- ! position of some furniture. SUGAR SABOTAGE THREATENS CUBA [ Army Girds to Protect Crop From Radicals With Firebrands. | By the Assoctated Press. HAVANA, January 16.—Col. Ful- of the army, prepared today for a fight to the finish to protect the sugar crop, life blood of Cuba's economic structure, from radical efforts to de- stroy it. What was behind the Leftists’ efforts to sabotage the crop was not deter- mined as the government made vig- orous plans to combat them. Loss of the 1935 sugar output would spell financial ruin for the island, al- ready depressed by political strife and terrorism. Saboteurs set fire yes- terday to five cranes used for loading sugar on railways cars near Havana on property of the American-owned Hershey Sugar Mills. Some 900 tons of cane were burned in Matanzas Province, and an effort was made to destroy a tank of gasoline. A small cane field railroad near Car- denas was damaged by a bomb. Batista’s hand was strengthened by a cabinet decree approved yesterday making “the offenses of setting fires in sugar fields or causing damage to sugar mills” punishable by death or life imprisonment. Constitutional guarantees through- out Cuba were suspended for 90 days, giving Batista leeway to combat the saboteurs. Pope Names Protector. VATICAN CITY, January 16 (#).— Pope Pius today named Henry Cardi- nal Lepicier to be protector of the sisters of St. Joseph, whose mother house is in St. Louis, Mo. Life’s Like That BY FRED NEHER. “I COULDN'T PIND THE BUTTON, DEAR, SO I SEWED UP THE b | | gencio Batista, commander in chief | CHIANG HALTS RED - SCOURGE IN CHINA 140,000 Communists Find United Force Blocking Westerly Move. By the Associated Press. SHANGHAI, January 16—Forty thousand Communists who blazed a trail of pillage and murder half way across China after their expulsion from Kiangsi Province were encountering the first real obstacle in their west- ward migration today. | ~ Near the border of Szechuan Prov- | ince they faced crack divisions of gov- ernment troops posted by Generalis- simo Chiang Kai-Shek to prevent the ! junction of these Reds with the Com- | munist horders in Southeast Szechuan. After trampling their crimson path across China, the Communists have been milling throughout Northeastern | Kweichow and Western Hunan, seek- | ing weak points in the military barrier thrown up along the middle upper ‘Yangtze Kiang. portedly concestrating in the Wukiang Valley 50 miles east of Chungkiang, where the main Red thrust was ex- pected. Seek to Oust Reds. Preparations were nearing comple- tion meanwhile for a joint drive of provincial and national armies against the 60,000 Reds in Southeast Szechuan. That area has become the principal Communist base as a result of the collapse of the Red domain in Kiangsi. The situation was chaotic in South- arn Anhwei, where anti-American Communists early in December pub- licly beheaded Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Stam, young American missionaries. Refugees continued to pour into Wuhu with stories of new atrocities by the band that murdered the Stams. The Reds are estimated to number 5,000. The refugees say conditions in the terrorized districts of South Anhwei are the worst since the Taiping rebel- lion, colossal uprising in the middle of the last century, which supposedly en- gulfed 60,000,000 Asiatics in death or misery. Stam Murderers Surrounded. Chinese authorities here claim the band which slaughtered the Stams | has been surrounded, but that no of- fensive action has been taken against them yet. ‘War lords of Szechuan, who hereto- fore have remained aloof from the Nanking regime, now apparently are alarmed at the Communist menace threatening their domain and have solicited the active military assistance of Gen. Chiang Kai-Shek. The generalissimo sent high mem- bers of his general staff into Szechuan to take over the campaign. A large corps of strategists, in- ber of veteran troops are near Hankow. MOFFETT PRESCRIBES MORTGAGE REWRITING By the Associated Press. PHILADELPHIA, January 16— James A. Moffett, Federal | " “I gave you an allowance of $250 a | | *“No. Frank that is not so. It was| Szechuan provincial armies were re- | TAX BOOST LOOMS| - IN MONTGOMERY flncrease of 65 to 75 Cents| Per $100 Held Needed to Meet Debts. BY JACK ALLEN, 8taft Correspondent of The Star. ROCKVILLE, Md, January 16— | The present general property tax rate | of 90 cents must be increased by from | 65 to 75 cents to meet bond maturities | of Montgomery County during the 1935-6 fiscal year unless refunding | legisiation is enacted by the Mary- | | sources of revenue are discovered by | | the county commissioners. | County Accountant Alexander | Hancock reported to the commis- | | sioners yesterday that provisions | | must be made to meet $1,008.960.13 in bond maturities during the new | | fiscal year beginning July 1, the obli- gations including $580,500 in princi- pal on bonds and interest charges to- taling $428,460.13. He recommended, however, that the | interest be retired from current rev- | | enues for that period and that legis- | lative permission be sought to refund the principal. Interest retirement | alone, Hancock’s report stated. would | | necessitate an increase in the tax | rate of from 40 to 45 cents. Other Changes Proposed. Hancock's report, submitted at the request of the commissioners to as- | sist them in the preparation of legis- | 1ation affecting the fiscal affairs of the county. also proposed the enact- | ment of bills permitting the renewal | of suburban district certificates of | indebtedness, a general property re- | assessment and the imposition of a | service charge by the board for col- | lecting special area taxes. Presentation of the report, a round table discussion of general county legislation and the appointment of | Ralph S. Fowler, Chevy Chase attor- ney, to supplant Dr. Benjamin C. Perry as a member and chairman of the Liquor Control Board featured the board’s meeting. It is expected that the entire legislative program may be drafted at tomorrow’s session. The accountant’s report showed that the bond maturities during 1935-36 will total $1.008.960.13, while those during the 1936-37 year, pro- vision for which also must be made during the State Legislature's cur- rent session, will aggregate $704.- 525.13, including $293,500 in principal and $411,025.13 in interest. Reassessment Is Urged. Hancock said that a general re- | assessment of the county should be completed in time for the 1936-37 levy, asserting that it probably would increase the taxable basis of the county to some extent. He explained that the last assessments were made in 1927-28 and that they are prob- ably no longer correct and are “possibly not equitable as between various sections of the county.” Furthermore, he declared, there have been so many transfers and other changes made on the assess- ment dockets now in use that it prob- ably will be necessary soon to provide new dockets whether or not there is & new assessment. Hancock suggested that legislation be enacted this year to permit the county to charge for collecting taxes and assessments for special taxing areas, the charge to be at least 1 per cent of the amount which the treas- urer is ordered to collect for each such taxing area. It was pointed out in this connec- tion that the county is required at the present time to bear the cost of collection of State taxes in Mongom- ery and also taxes for the Washing- ton Suburban Sanitary Commission, the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, Montgom- ery County suburban district, 5 fire | 1and General Assembly or additional | P2 | and financial t lat a second-story window. TOWNSEND'S BILL OFFERED IN HOUSE McGroarty Sponsors O0ld- Age Pension Scheme. Foes Warned. By the Assoclated Press. Expressing confidence of enactment, Representative McGroarty, Democrat, of California today introduced in Con- gress a bill to effect the Townsend plan, whereby the Federal Govern- ment would pay $200 a month to per- sons over 60. Under the proposition, which the administration opposes as impractical, the recipients would have to spend the cash within 30 days. Sitting beside the Capitol spensor of his proposal in press conference Jjust before the bill went in, Dr, Fran- cis E. Townsend, shared his fellow Californian’s optimism and added: “The members are going to do what their constituents tell them to, and they will tell them in no uncer- tain terms. If they hope to come back, members of Congress will not dare to go against the people.” Miss Perkins Attacked, Introduction of the bill came on the eve of the Roosevelt message to Congress on unemployment insurance and old-age pensions, presumably em- ying a plan which the New Deal will invoke against the Townsend sen- timent. The €alifornia doctor took occa- sion to attack Secretary Perkins' re- cent condemnation of his proposal and to question the effectiveness of the New Deal general Townsend said 95 members of Con= gress were supporters of the measure, and predicted that sufficient additional Representatives would be “converted” to enable its proponents to force consideration. “I have been assured that every member who desires to come back to Washingten in 1936 will vote for our bill,” Townsend said. “The fact that there was only a three-million dif- ference in the votes cast by Demo- crats and Republicans in the recent election, will cause the majority party members of Congress to think twice before rejecting this bill which the people so emphatically want passed.* McGroarty, serving his first term in Congress, is Democratic Representa- tive of the same Golden State dis- trict where Townsend served for many years as an employe of the Long Beach Health Department. He worked closely with Townsend in developing the plan. Was Newspaper Columnist. A quiet, gray, sligh who was born in P well known on the Pacific Coast as & newspaper columnist before running for Congress. Townsend has estimated $24,000.« 000,000 annually wculd be required to pay the pensions. This wculd be raised Yy a 2 per cent tax on the gross dol= lar value of all business, commercial nsactions. The vital section of the measure de- fining those eligible for the pension tes “Be it enacted * * * that every cit- izen of thz United States, sixty (60) vears of age and over, or who shall at- tain the age of sixty (60) years after the passage of this act, while actually residing in the United States, shall be entitled to receive, upon application and qualification, a pension in the sum of two hundred dollars ($200) per month during the life of the pen- sioner, provided Remunerative Work Barred. “(A) The pensioner shall discon- tinue and refrain from all gainful competitive pursuits or salaried posi- tions of any kind. “(B) The pensioner shall covenant and agree that he or she will within thirty (30) days of receipt of said pension expend all of the same for goods, commodities or services, within the jurisdiction of the United States. “(C) Proof of age and citizenship shall be according to the law and pro- cedure of the State of residence of the pensioner. D) This pension shall be wholly exempt from attachment, garnishment or execution.” TWO GIRLS SHOT, FATHER WOUNDED Police Told Parent Ran Amuck With Gun—Had Brooded Over Idleness. By the Associated Press. WASHINGTON, Pa. January 16— A volley of pistol fire killed one young woman and wounded her sister in their home late yesterday and police are guarding the father, Anthony Zuckett, 65, who is near death in a hospital. Chief of Police Joseph Verderber says Zuckett, suddenly crazed, jumped from his chair by the radio, fired two bullets in the machine, and then turned on his daughters. Neighbors, hearing screams, said they saw Sue Zuckett, 22, appear Patrol- man Mel Humphries said he heard another shot and the girl fell through the open window to the ground. He said a gun was thrust out and another shot fired at Sue as she lay on the snow. Her sister Ida, 16, then appeared at the window screaming. Neighbors said she was wounded. The patrolman, followed by Ray Miller and Fred Rodocker, pedestrians; ran into the house and found Ida unconscious, six bullet wounds in her head and body. Humphries said Zuckett was locked {in his bed room, but came out when ordered. He had three wounds in his chest, which, he said, were self inflicted. Neighbors said the father had been unemployed and brooded over his | 10ss of work. e LUTHERAN EDUCATIONAL GROUP NAMES OFFICERS department areas and 12 other special areas. It is expected that Frank Dwyer, Laytonsville merchant, will be ap- pointed tomorrow to supplant Downey M. Willlams. Dwyer also is a Repub- lican. The new board is to hold its first meeting on Friday. Mrs. Anna S. Abert of Rockville was named a special clerk in the office of the supervisor of assessments at a salary of $720 & year. Mercury Plays Tricks. ST. PAUL, January 16 (#).—Mal Freeburg, Northwest Airlines pilot, re- ported yesterday that the temperature 000 feet above Lacrosse, Wis., was above zero. The ground tempera- at the same time was zero. observers said it was caused pressure forcing the cold Dr. H. W. A. Hanscn, Head of Gettysburg College, Is Elected President. By the Associated Press. ATLANTA, Ga. January 16—Dr. H. W. A. Hanson, president of Gettys- burg (Pa.) College, yesterday a::g elected president of the Nati Lutheran Educational Conference 8§ the group completed its annual meet~ ing here. Other officers elected were: Dean A. A, Wald of Augustana College, Rock Island, Ill, vice president; Dr. J. C. K. Preus of Minneapolis, educa- tional director of the Norwegian Lutheran Church, secretary; Dr. H. J. Arnold of Wittenbero College, treas- urer, and Dr. Mary E. Markley of Washington, D. C., editor of confer- ence publications.