Evening Star Newspaper, January 2, 1935, Page 8

A8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. -_— THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. e — WASHINGTON,D.C WEDNESDAY. .January 2, 1835 T PR WS TR THEODORE W. NOYES..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 1St SRl PR A 2 ast 421 Mrcueo Ofice: i';l:a Michigan Building. Regent St.. London. Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Resular Edition, i 43¢ per month r ~60c per month St ar 65¢ per month 3¢ per copy The Evening Star ion. 70c per month 55c¢ er month " at ‘the ‘end month. Orders may be sent in by telephone NAtional 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ally and Sunday. .1 3r. $10.00: 1 mo.. 3¢ ¥ aily only, . $6.00; 1 mo., 80c Sunday only. $4.00: 1 mo., 40¢ All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday, 1 00: 1 mo., $1, . ] 00: 1 m The L1yr, $5.00; 1mo.. B&Oc Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively en- titled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not other- wise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. The Trial at Flemington. Decidedly the center of the atten- tion of the people of this country today is Flemington, a little county seat in New Jersey, dinary population of three thousand has been swelled to nearly twice that number by an extraordinary occasion. That is the opening of the trial of a man charged with the murder of an infant. The crime was committed nearly three years ago. It shocked the Nation profoundly, for the victim was the only child of one of the most outstanding figures of American life, an aviator who had made history by accomplishing for the first time a flight by airplane across the Atlantic. The circumstances of the case, its mystery, the prominence of the par- ents, the callous brutality of the kid- faping, all served to arouse the anger | of the people. For many months pur- suit of the kidnaper was futile. A ran- som was paid, without result. Then the pitiful body of the victim was found, in the woods not far from the home. At last the chase closed in, a man was taken with bills identified as those that had been paid in ransom, other bills of the same series were found in his home, he was indicted for extortion in one State and then for murder in the State of the crime. Now he is to be tried for his life. The crime of which Bruno Haupt- mann is today on trial aroused the country to a realization that the kid- naping of hostages for ransom had become a menace of the gravest char- acter. Congress enacted a law which extended the Federal jurisdiction to permit pursuit by the agencies of the Government of the United States, and in the exercise of that right attack was launched upon the organized bands of kidnapers and other gang- sters that has led to the capture, the killing and the imprisonment of nuA‘ merous desperadoes who have for sev- I heavier. Intense nationalism inspires 5 mail or | o | tariff treaties have an importance that |and there should be general gratifica- whose or-| | tion of any of these blighted areas all governments where their trade is concerned. Everywhere industry is still struggling back to pre-depression “normalcy” and even those countries which have proceeded far in that di- rection are loath to surrender by tariff or other concessions any ad- vantages that could in any way pro- mote the recovery process. Secretary Hull, despite these omnipresent diffi- culties, sees indications that nations “now see eye to eye with us on broad principles,” foreshadowing what he describes as “real accomplishment in 1935." Judge Hull has found during his year and three-quarters as head of the State Department that the eco- nomic barriers and trade restrictions of exasperating variety, that the peo- ples of the earth have set up to ar- rest the natural flow of commercial intercourse, often lie at the root of grave international misunderstand- ings. Peace, he is persuaded, follows trade. Viewed from that standpoint, far outstrips their intrinsic value. ——— e Alley-Clearance Plans. ‘The District Alley Authority has reached the point where its execu- tiye officer, John Ihlder, is ready to go ahead with several definite alley- clearance projects. These have been made known generally to the public, as far as fundamentals are concerned, tion over the sound and sane prin- ciples to be follcwed and the absence of any of the hysteria which has, | unfortunately, marked some previous efforts to rid the city of its alley communities. But the nature of the program itself means some delay. The Alley Au- | thority, in the first place, has re- solved not to undertake the re-crea- until housing is found for their pres- ent inhabitants. The fact that Wash- ington shows signs of an approach- ing housing shortage, with rental quarters at a premium, will make this more difficult. But there can be no dispute with the wisdom of the policy. Another factor which may mean de- lay is that the Alley Authority plans to pay assessed valuation for the prop- erty and will not deal with those who seek an exhorbitant profit. There is ‘me additional delay, always encoun- | tered in land-purchase programs, due to the fact that some alley property is held by estates, while in the case of others the owners are absent from the city. Acquisition of land—the Authority is now centering its attention on fifteen alley communities—is, of course, the first phase of the undertaking. The second is the development of the prop- erty for other uses. Mr. Thider has revealed that in some cases it is hoped to reach an agreement with non-profit corporations, under which | garages, for instance, would be con- E structed and operated by the corpora- | tion until such time as the land | mortgages have been paid off, when the property would revert to the Dis- trict or to some other development In the low-cost housing undertakings. | the plan is to have the developments carried out by limited-dividend corpo- rations as far as possible. There are | i Congress assembled the President sent to the Capitol a budget message in which he warned that there must be a strenuous effort to bring about a balancing of expenditures and receipts by the Government during the fiscal year 1936. Unless new and much big- ger taxes are provided for by law and unless there is a marked curtailment in appropriations, there seems little chance of balancing the budget dur- ing the next fiscal year. Democratic members of Congress were elected also. on a plea that they were needed in Washington to uphold the President and the New Deal pro- gram. In the light of the great per- sonal popularity of the President and of these pledges to support him, it would seem improbable that there ‘would be serious opposition on Capitol Hill to the program advanced by the Chief Executive. The President, how- ever, may seriously object to measures outside of his own program which may be advanced by the Congress or by groups within the House and Sen- ate. There has been talk of further currency inflation legislation, advo- cated by those members of Congress who believe that the people can be helped by giving them cheaper money. The immediate cash payment of | the soldiers’ bonus, opposed by the President, is likely to bring an early showdown of strength between the Executive and the legislative branch. The Townsend old-age pension plan will have its followers in Congress. The Black-Connery thirty-hour work week, which passed the Senate during the last session, but which was side- tracked in the House at the request of the administration, will be pressed for favorable action by the American Fed- eration of Labor, For two years Congress has played second fiddle to the Executive. It has granted to the President new and extraordinary powers, never delegated before by the National Legislature. Will Congress continue to be as pliable as it has been? Will it fall in with all the ideas of the New Dealers as readily as was done in the last Congress? The very fact that the emergency has not passed, that there continues to be & vast army of un- employed to be cared for, is likely to strengthen the hand of the Executive. ——— Those who insist that the next war will be fought in the air may be ex- cusec. for suspecting that the argu- ment about naval ratio is something in the nature of intellectual gymnas- tics calculated to keep diplomatists in good form for controversy. o All realters know that in the course of time prestige shifts from one locality to amother. The tendency of political influence is to drift from the United States Capitol to the neighborhood of the White House. ——o—e. Huey Long usually has the last word, asserting an advantage that often goes to persons who employ a vocabulary which self-respecting people refuse to imitate. ——— It is not easy to picture a man who allows himself .as little relaxation as Carter Glass. When everybody else is talking foot ball he goes ahead as C., WED THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Templeton Jones, president of the Treadle Club, stood at the Circle wait- ing for.the silvery streamlined bus, whereon the first ceremony of initia- tion was to take place. He was humming an old Negro spiritual, with slightly changed words, as follows: “I see the bus a-coming, It's coming ‘round the curve, Jes’ stand upon the treadle, And it will never swerve; ©Oh, git on board, little chillun, Git on_ board, little chillun, Git on board, little chillun— There's room for a million more!” Jones looked up the noble Avenue, tree lined, with its two sets of side- walks on the east side, and its auto- mobile speed sign which no one minded. He continued to sing: “I hear the airbrakes hissing, It's made of glass and steel, And if it runs over you, ‘That's something you'll never feel; Oh, git on board, little chillun, Git on board, little chillun, Git on board, litle chillun, There’s room for a million more!” * ok ok ok At this point in the proceedings. Secretary Jack Yearley, or Yearling, as he sometimes spells it, rounded into view. This was positively necessary, as the ceremony could not take place without him. They both were waiting for old ‘Walrus Spigott, who was to be the first victim of an almost invisible piece of public. tomfoolery. Jones and Yearly did not believe in loud talking aboard public vehicles. Nor in smoking. They left the lat- ter to the women. Even the most avid sampler of the daily quota of cigarettes might permit his fellow passengers to ride down theught. The sign in the bus just called at- tention to spitting. That, it insinu- ated, is still unlawful. It said nothing at all about the carrying of lighted cigarettes, pipes or cigars, as the old signs did. * X X X “Have a cigarette,” said Secretary Yearley to President Jones. “Thanks,” said the latter. They were now ready for the victim, | but the miscreant had not arrived. Spigott was always on the move. He had to be, to keep up with those huge whiskers which he wore. If the reader can imagine a cross between Gen. Grant and President Lincoln, at least in so far as whiskers are concerned, he has a reasonably correct mental image of Spigott. Here he came at last, his adorn- ments waving in the breeze, which is rather chill before 8 o'clock in the morning at the Circle. The snub-nosed bus came to a stop, and the front door slid open easily. * ok ok % | ‘Templeton Jones, president, mount- | ed first. | It was meet that he should, be- | cause he was a great admirer of | these new busses. He walked by the mummy case. In the event that some one does not recognize the term, it may be said that the “mummy case” aboard one | of these modern public vehicles is the | engine housing, which is back in the bus at the entrance. The shape of the casing led the imaginative Jones town in peace, in this respect, Jones | to dub it the| “mummy case,” a description in which . WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS the even more imaginative Yearley concurred. Now they were safely on the road to the rear, passing the middle door, operated by air when a passenger stands squarely on the rubber treadle. This door will not open except when the vehicle has come to & stop, but it will not operate even then until the would-be descending passenger stands squarely in the mid- dle of the treadle. “Hence,” as President Jones said with an expansive gesture, “the Treadle Club.” * %k % X Old Walrus Spigott sat down. “The Treadle Club will now come to order,” said President Jones to Secretary Yearley. There was nobody else to say it to, of course, since they constituted the entire membership. It was a very comforting feeling. Since the un- spoken aim of most clubs is ex- clusiveness, Jones and Yearley felt they had about the best organization in town. Especially for its size. The first two and only charter members were very good, and it was strictly up to them to keep ’em good. Hence old Walrus. Spigott was a mighty fine chap, if you forgot his whiskers, and, when his bright eyes lit up with the fire | of intellectual discovery, most people did. He knew more than most books and never forgot to open up, and books sometimes stubbornly do. * k¥ X “We are now about to initiate you into the Treadle Club, of which you | will be the tertiary member,” con- | tinued Jones. Mr. Spigott did what the movie fraternity call registering surprise. Sinceé*he had never heard of Wash- ington’s very latest club, it is mno wonder that he so registered. | " “The ceremony is simple, and abso- | lutely public,” continued President Jones, to the vast surprise of a young lady over by the window, who was try- ing to light a cigarette without a match. Templeton Jones is always a kindly man. “Mr. Yearley,” he said, “hand the | young lady a match.” ok Aboard & modern bus, things supposed to be? | Yes, there is some courtesy left, and Temp Jones exemplifies it, or at! least thinks he does, which is the | same thing. | “Hand the gal a match,” he directed | Secretary Yearley. | Jack gallantly presented an enure: paper of them. | | " “Have one.” he said, cordially.| “Have two, have several, as a matter | of fact take 'em all,” which the gnl; did. “And now, Mr. Spigott, we shall| | continue with the ceremony,” said President Jones. ‘The details of this unique initiatios have been explained at length in this column, so there is no need to go into it now. | The point simply is that there were | three members of the Treadle Club where there had been only two before. | Jones and Yearley looked at each other with satisfaction. They were | dictators, purely and simply dictators, perfectly in the spirit of the age.| They initiated whom they liked, they | kept out whom they did not like, and | |1f this fellow Spigott talked too much | about postage stamps, they would expell him before the bus got down- | town. So let him be warned. | are such ESDAY, |to its climax. JANUARY 2, 1935. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM Margaret Germond. DUCK'S BACK. By Kate Mary Bruce. New York: The John Day Co. One of the most hopeless of the multitude of complications that upset the normal course of human relation- ships is the development of a situation which rivals the story of the struggle of the ugly duckling for survival against the haughty supremacy of beauty. The fact that this sort of strife among humans is ope in which the feminine members of soclety participate more gen- erally does not brand it as a phase of personal envy and jealousy, despite the casual acceptance of that view by the so-called sterner sex. Sometimes, yes. But more often the challenge is taken up as a defensive move to save | from destruction loved ones whose fu- ture and happiness is threatened by a form of selfishness that is blind to every consideration save the gratifica- tion of its own desires. Brains and ugliness against beauty and selfishness is a theme often em- ployed in fiction which reflects the realities and the tragedies of life as witnessed all too often in the hit-and- miss fashion of marriage which has grown out of the very institutions set up by modern civilization as safe- guards against mistakes and the mis- eries of disillusionment. Had Nell Kent been endowed with a little bit of physical beauty, and had Sara Hurst received a modifying quantity of brains, both might have enjoyed the experience of life in abundant full- ness. But Nell was an ugly duckling and Sara’s beauty was of a type and character that demands everything and gives nothing. Sara, like the famous Nana of Emil Zola, was in love with the glorious physical creature reflected in her mir- ror. Infatuated and intoxicated by her own beauty, she spared no one save herself in the gratification of her vanity and her desires. Always she had taken what she wanted. After a short acquaintance with Edward Kent she wanted him, and against the wishes of his family she married him. Her brother, a man of fascinating and compelling personality, and as ruth- less as his beautiful sister, also mar- ries into the Kent family. It is only a short time after these hasty marriages that Nell, the ugly duckling, sees the treacherous beauty of Sara reaching into the heart of her family like the tentacles of a deadly octopus, slowly but surely drawing them all to destruction. Courageously {and steadily Nell fights back, using every weapon at her command to save her loved ones from the disgrace and humiliation of desertion and divorce. Meanwhile she manages to become a successful novelist and playwright, and to win the devotion of a man whose loyalty deserves a greater reward than the nature of the story permits him to share. The wreckage of lives and homes is ot all, however, for through Nell's ndefatigable efforts the salvage of much that is vital to human under- standing and happiness is accom- plished. The characters are vividly alive and the novel, from beginning to end, moves smoothly and steadily 1t is intensely inter- esting and very much worth while. ¥ ok W BESIDE A NORMAN TOWER. By | Mazo de la Roche. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. In a prefatory note to this volume Miss de la Roche explains that her reason for writing a story about two tiny toddlers is that all of the books about children are invariably con- cerned with those of five years or older, after they have been “urged, moulded, dragged into some semblance of adults.” She says: “I have asked myself if it is possible to write an in- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washington Evening Star Injormation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How many women are on the New York City police force?—C. G. A. There are 155 woman members of the New York Police Department. Q. Please give Arthur Brisbane's definition of a newspaper—H. R. C. A. At at luncheon celebrating his 70th birthday, Mr. Brisbane de- scribed a newspaper as follows: “On the face of your watch there are three hands. There is the slow hour-hand. ‘You cannot see it move. That is his- tory written a long time after. Then, there is the rapidly moving minute- hand. You cannot see that move, al- | though if you watch, you see the change of its position, and that is the making of law and the other minor things that make it up. Then there is the second-hand. The part that the second-hand plays in time the newspaper plays in the history of events.” Q. When did England Canada?—G. N. A. She won Canada from France in 1763 after long wars. Q. What was the beginning of re- | ligious freedom?—L. B. A. The first attempt to grant and try out religious freedom may be cred- ited to Constantine in the Edict of Milan, 313 A. D. This edict granted | “both to the Christians and to all | others free power of following what- | ever religion each may have preferred.” Q. Where is the proper place on an envelope for return address>—M. P. | A. The proper place for a return | address on a letter is in the upper left- | hand corner of the envelope. Q. What use is made of geometry after one leaves school?—C. H. A, Geometry is used extensively in the professions, principally in all | branches of engineering, architecture, astronomy, as well as in mechanical drawing, carpentry and building. Q. What is the best material for stringing pearls?—A. B. A. Silk of pure quality is perhaps | the best material for this purpose, | owing to its strength, flexibility and | smoothness. acquire Q. Who is considered the leading | Russian composer>—R. A. L. | A. Sergei Rachmaninoff is gen- erally given this recognition. A bril- liant concert-pianist and conductor, his greatest fame rests with his com- position. Q. What is C.T.N. A. In a general way it is a science which seeks to give some definite form to the vast number of observations which have been accumulated during | the last few hundred years by field | naturalists and various other people interested in wild animals. Ecology is now concerned with reducing and co-ordinating vast available informa- tion concerning habits, life histories, and numbers of the different animals, | with a view to solving some of the ur- | gent practical problems arising as a re- |sult of man's becoming civilized and interfering with the animal and plant life around him. Q. Who said “A single breaker may recede but the tide is evidently coming in"?—N. S. | A. Macaulay wrote this in 1830 during & period of stress in England. animal ecology?— Q. What were the favorite stones the Egyptians?—T. F. o* A. Prom earliest time through all Egyptian history are found the lapis lazuli, turquoise, garnet, and carnelian, Dating from about 2400 B. C. other stones high in favor were amethyst, agate, emerald, and tourmaline. Q. What railroad is called Anthra- cite Road?—G. C. A. The Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western has often been called the Road of Anthracite. Q. For how long a time did a vestal virgin serve in the temple?—H. J. A. The vows entailed a promise to remain priestesses of the hearth for 30 years. Q. How old was Charlie Ross when he disappeared or was kidnaped?— L. L. B. A. He was 4 years old. In July, 1874, he was lured from the grounds of his home in Germantown, Pa., and never found. Q. Do more foreigners or native- born families live in Greenwich Vile lage in New York City?—E. O'B. A. The native families outnumber the foreign-born. Q. Is there a pool in Yellowstone Park where a handkerchief will dis- appear and come back to the surface, washed?—H. H. A. The place referred to is & hot spring known as Handkerchief Pool, located in the Black Sand Basin at Old Faithful Geyser Formation. The spring is a round pool with a deep hole in the center, from which bub- bles are constantly arising. A hand- kerchief, placed in this hole, will be drawn under out of sight by action of the water and several minutes later will be forced upward by the bubbles. It comes out clean. The pool has & current, which Works around in circles, causing this peculiar phenomenon. Q. Do South American colleges have foot ball organized as it is in the United States?—D. La A. They do not. Q. What is the new heraldic de- sign of Germany?—L. M. A. The new Prussian heraldic de- sign consists of a one-headed black flying eagle with beak open and turned toward the right of the observer with a silver swastika on its breast and golden talons. The right claw holds a silver sword and the left holds two golden lightning flashes. Above the eagle is a ribbon with the inscription “God With Us.” Q. Please describe Pittsburgh's new Temple of Science—J. V. C. A. The Temple of Science is the new home of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research in the University of Pittsburgh group. The cost of the building, when completed, is esti- mated at $4,000,000. It is of ionic architecture, plain but massive, and is surrounded by 62 monolithic columns. The size of the structure, which is of Indiana limestone and granite, is 300 by 275 feet and there are 9 floors. Q. How many neckties are manu- factured in the United States in a year?—K. W. D. A. In 1929 approximately 13,000,000 dozen neckties were manufactured in the United States. Slightly over 8,000,000 dozen were manufactured in 1933. Q. Were any new oil supplies dise covered last year?—J. B. A. No new oil pools of great magnie tude were discovered. th2 BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Big Task for Supreme Court eral years been engaged in murderous usual with banking problems. enterprises. The kidnaping and mur- der of the Lindbergh child thus brought about a reform that has greatly strengthened the law. other developments which the Alley | | Authority itself may undertake, in connection with low-cost housing, such as small parks which would become— as in Grammercy Park, New York— o An immense number of new auto- mobiles is released for the 1935 mar- ket, and not one of them foolproof. With Congress on the job, Wash- ington will be itself again. When House and Senate ,are away the Na- ! tienal Carital is never quite the polit- in public interest. The trial gives every promise of matching the rec- ord-breaking prominence of the Lind- | bergh kidnaping itself. { | world of their own into which we can | teresting book about those mysterious | beings who live in a grand tempestuous no more than enviously peer. This story of two toddlers is an attempt | to answer that question.” Observed in Federal Orders It Bruno Haupemann is convicted — lealSmeltopolist Gf Slndition Jitiougts} *xkn Miss de la Roche's effort can most| Recent questions by Chief Justice | the nearest approach being the 5,000 at the trial which starts today not only will a mystery have been def- initely solved but the process of law | enforcement in this country will have been further strengthened. That he an asset of the new community. Other | property may be leased and held by the Alley Authority and some my! be sold outright to new owners, pro- vided development plans are approved by the Authority. The plan now is to Huey Long may be, as psychologists say, “boy-minded,” but he is no Tiny | Tim. S SHOOTING STARS. | throughout the New Deal the execu- ( tive end of Pennsylvania avenue has been pretty much the whole show. No Congress has ever seen a Wash- ington so vibrant with metropolitan hustle and bustle as the Federal City of today. In point of size and gen- eral animation if | Among distinguished scribes who have converged on Washington for | the opening of Congress is New Eng- | | l]and’s premier political writer, Michael E. Hennessy of the Boston Globe. He is one of Calvin Coolidge’s biographers. | A veteran favorite in the press gallery, ! assuredly be called an unqualified suc- cess from the point of view of any one who has participated in the daily riot which a pair of healthy young- | sters can somehow maintain continu- ously during the daylight hours of their first five years of life and awake !Hughes and Justice Brandeis at a | | New Deal hearing about the legal | | conditions produced by the multi- | plicity of orders issued by the Gov- | ernment, which have the effect of law, have aroused the concern of releases published by N. R. A. frem time to time, many of them being ine formal public information bulletins.” “Forty years ago, England faced the same problem, and worked out a rela- tively inexpensive system for publishe ing all departmental orders,” says the is at least guilty of participating in| it approximates, the extortion of ransom has been| | Columbus (Ohio) Citizen. while as to Hennessy has known every President morning with a surplus of energy i | s peach . the country. Response by President | this country, the Charleston (W. Va.) complete the work and to clean up it does not outstrip. the throbbing| .t e United States since Grover | that fills their elders with wonder BY PHILANDER JOHNSON New proved by the finding at his home of | a large part of the identical moneyi paid to him by Col. Lindbergh. In| New York he would undoubtedly have been convicted on that charge, the penalty for which is a term of im- prisonment for iwenty years. If he should escape the present accusation, by acquittal or mistrial, he may be ; returned to New York to stand trial for the lesser crime. As far as now known the case against Hauptmann in jew Jersey is based primarily upon the presumption that the taker of the ransom money was the stealer and killer of the child. There is, however, certain circum- stantial evidence to link him with the kidnaping and murder. The State has not disclosed its case in full, or even in any large degree of detail. Hints are given of direct testimony to come to establish his presence near the Lindbergh home just prior to the crime. The defense counsel likewise hints at attack upon the credibility | of those who may thus testify. Upon the details of jhis trial the country will hang with the keenest in- terest, for the case touches everybody most intimately and acutely. A failure of justice, assuming the guilt of the| accused, would be a shocking blow 1oi the faith of the people in the process of law in America. e Foreign Trade in 1935. Secretary Hull adduces something more tangible than merely sunny optimism as evidence that 1335 will be marked by genuine progress in restoration of America’s foreign trade. It is to be found in the fact that negotiations are under way for the conclusion of no fewer than thirteen reciprocal tariff treaties with other countries. Progress toward conclusion of such arrangements, since Congress last June voted President Roosevelt extraordinary authority in the tariff fleld, has been slow. To date only a treaty with Cuba, because it had the character of an urgent emergency measure, has been effected, but agree- ments with Brazil, Colombia and Haiti are imminent. Meantime, as Secretary Hull explains in a New Year statement, the past six months have been well spent on “spade work” in domestic trade recovery “as a com- ponent part of the restoration of world trade.” During the year just ended the United States’ foreign commerce has undergone substantial improvement. Exports increased 36 per cent over 3933 and imports were 152 per cent all transactions in ten years. ‘The Alley Authority does not plan to acquire much land for the munic- ipality, or to involve the municipality mn maintenance and operation re- sponsibilities unless such acquisitions are of real benefit. —_—— e This is the day after the big New Year jollification—the day when a considerable sentiment in favor of prohibition revives automatically. e —e——— The Seventy-Fourth Congress. ‘The Seventy-fourth Congress makes its bow to the country tomorrow. Its coming has been awaited with interest in Washington. ‘That interest has centered mainly in the possible radical tendencies of various groups and in the chance of conflict between the President and the legislative branch of the Government. Obviously, until the administration’s program has been announced, it will be impossible to predict hew the Congress will react or whether it will be content merely to carry through tfiat program and ad- journ, In a general way it is known that the administration will put forward a program of so-called social security legislation. It will include insurance against unemployment, probably pen- sions for the aged. What the admin- istration will propose in connection with relief work is of almost greater immediate interest. It looks with favor on “work relief” rather than on | the dole system; it prefers to furnish jobs and pay the workers rather than merely to feed and shelter the jobless. | Huge sums of money will be necessary to carry forward such & program, since many millions of workers con- tinue to be unemployed throughout the country. Public works have been tried on a huge scale and are giving many men and women employment today. But there are plans in the making for even more extensive proj- ects, particularly along the line of improved housing. How will the new Congress read the mandate of the recent elections? In- dividual members may interpret this mandate in various ways. There is likely to be at least one general con- clusion, to which all, or nearly all, of the Democratic members will agree and perhaps some of the Republicans. That conclusion is that the electorate is in favor of more and bigger expendi- tures of public money. During the campaign the Democratic candidates for Congress promised a continuance of the Govemment money supply for many purposes. A year ago when Standardization. ‘The language we try to speak May seldom mean a thing; The information that we seek To simple forms may cling. Our talk is being simplified, And when on it we draw We'll use it with ingenuous pride And just say “Rah! Rah! Rah!” We may not criticize unless In a constructive way, ‘With no suspicion of distress In anything we say. ‘The red bird has a simple song, The crow will merely caw, And we, when standardized ere long, May just say “Rah! Rah! Rah!” Forlorn Prestige. “We had a holiday snowstorm after all!” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “I feel encouraged. Many of my con- stituents have mentioned a desire for holiday snow. But I don't believe I can persuade them to give me credit for having at last hud my way about giving them some thing.” Jud Tunkins says & Communist wants to distribute wealth around to suit himself without having the nerve to be a bank robber. Breaking a Silence. It’s better to let people rave In melancholy fashion And say the world will misbehave In an unruly passion. Yet when some speech is plainly meant ‘To plan an extermination, We must put up an argument In sheer self-preservation. Intricacies. “A financier has to be an expert to explain intricacies of finance.” “Yes,” answered Mr. Dustin Stax. “But it's easier when he's talking to & board of directors and not a grand Jury.” “You say war would be so terrible that it would be impossible,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “My ancestors thought that centuries ago when they invented gun powder.” Irascible Inquiry. ‘We've had our “Happy New Year” say, ‘We hope it will come true, But very possibly we may Keep asking in the same old way, “What's what?” and “Who is who?"” “Patience,” said Uncle Eben, “is a great help pervided it doesn’t make you too contented jes’ to sit around on de waitin’ list.” [ Washington of World War days. | arrivals, encountering its crowded streets, shops, hotels, office buildings, | theaters, restaurants and apartment | houses and its architectural splendor, | are made suddenly aware that Wash- ington has become one of the great | cities of the country and great capitals tof the world. * x %X x . Next to the actual contents of Presi- | dent Roosevelt’s message to Congress | —on the state of the Union and on | leaders await with keenest interest straws which will show whether he intends detouring to the conservative | right or the radical left during the next phase of the New Deal. The consensus is that he will steer a in case there are attempts to push him into adventurous monetary pro- grams. Byrns and Bankhead, pro- spective custodians of the Democratic steam roller in the House, are ex- pected to hold the lower branch in line, while Joe Robinson of Arkansas, Pat Harrison of Mississippi and Jim Byrnes of South Carolina will be re- lied upon to keep things safe for Roosevelt in the Senate. Edward R. Burke, Democratic Senator-elect, of Nebraska may blcssom out as a White House wheel horse. He has the prestige of having had his elo- branded by the President as the best epitome of what F. D. R. is trying to accomplish. * ok k% New York State Young Republican Clubs have now joined Senator Borah in inviting Henry P. Fletcher to step out of the G. O. P. national chair- manship and make way for a “liberal” regime, Every indication oozing out of headquarters isgthat Mr. Fletcher intends to hang on throughout 1935, or at least until the committee itself formally demands his scalp., Mean- time, the full machinery of the Na- tional Committee will be maintained under Fletcher’s diregtion in order that when the time comes to gird the party’s loins for 1936 it will be ready for action, no matter who is finally chosen to command. * X k% Secretary of the Treasury Morgen- thau has established a cabinet record for prompt dispatch of correspond- ence. He has laid down the rule that all letters must be answered within 24 hours, and his staff is kept hump- ing to see that it's done. Mr. Mor- genthau’s correspondents insist upon giving him a middle initial. During the past 12 months he's been: ad- dressed with middle initials including every letter in the ‘alphabet except X, Y and Z. He is simply Henry Morgenthau, jr., with the last syllable of his surname pronounced “thaw” or sometimes “taw.” * ok k% As the Hauptmann trial sets in at Flemington, N. J., simultaneously with the convening of Congress, the new House and Senate face serious front-page competition during the next few weeks. Press arrangements have been perfected to cover the trial as elaborately as if it were a national convention. The prospect is that news on Capitol Hill will have to break fast and furiously to rival Hauptmann L the budget—politicians and business | middle-of-the-road course, especially | quent ~ definition of the New Deal| | Cleveland, and campaigned with them | |all. As an indication of economic re- | | covery, the Boston newsman reports | that 75 per cent of the 1934 graduat- ing class at Massachusetts Institute of Technology had positions waiting for them, whereas during previous de- pression years winners of sheepskins had to rustle for jobs and were gen- erally glad to accept almost anything, | | however humble or unsuited to their professional training. * X x % | When Senator-elect Peter Goelet | Gerry, Democrat, of Rhode Island en- | ters the Senate for a third time this | week, he will be escorted to the ros- trum by the Republican who defeated | him in 1930, Senator Jesse H. Metcalf. Gerry takes the seat of the retiring | Republican, Senator Felix Hebert, who | defeated him for re-election in 1928 | and whom Gerry turned around and | | beat last November. Mr. Gerry rates | as an Al Smith Democrat, but has been | cordially welcomed to the Rooseveltian | ranks and is counted upon to line up | loyally for the New Deal. * X x *x } _ American monetary experimental- ists who favor a central bank are peeling an eye in the direction of the Bank of Canada, the Dominion’s new central bank, which will open for business at Ottawa March 1. Its 100,000 $50 shares are scattered among 12,200 persons, representing every class of citizenship. The bank will commence operations with control of $100,000,000 in gold, assume responsi- bility for the $220,000,000 of Dominion notes in circulation and replace them immediately with its own currency. At first it will concentrate on regula- tion of credit and then tackle the task of stabilizing the exchange value of the Canadian dollar. The new insti- tution aims to maintain rigid inde- pendence of Bank of England influ- ence. * k k% Apropos best-dressed-man contests, somebody has dug up that epigram about an Oxford University professor famed for his sartorial splendor. A fellow member of the faculty, who was asked for his opinion of the schol- arly Beau Brummel, ejaculated: “Such time as he doesn’t waste on the adornment of his person he devotes to the neglect of his duties.” * % * Anybody who has candidates for America’s Hall of Fame has up to March 15 to submit nominations to Dr. Robert Underwood Johnson, direc- tor of the hall, at New York Univer- sity. A college of electors consisting of 100 distinguished persons through- out the country, chosen by the uni- versity senate, will select the names from nominations submitted by the press and public. Candidates pro- posed must have died prior to October 1, 1910, and have been Americans or identified with the United States. Both men and women are eligible, (Copyright, 1935.) ' i Belated. - Prom the Danville (Tl.) Commercial News. The fi~ht over resrganization of the| | Republican party should have been; ' made more than iwo yea's ago. and amazement. The work is not really a story, but a series of episodes in the lives of Gillian and Diggory, the former a girl who is old enough to toddle about, talk and get into mischief, and the latter a boy not yet graduated from the restraining strap of a perambulator. Through the paces of childhood these two canter and race, making their own play, engaging in the amuse- | ments natural to their small beings and performing with almost fiendish glee tricks and pranks that gratify the whims of the moment. The book is generously illustrated with sketches showing them in their moods of an- gelic innocence and beauty, in the midst of some of their mysteriously | conceived deeds of naughtiness and in their abandon of themselves to their feelings and reactions toward their elders and guardians and the material things that surround them. The book is delightfully entertaining and con- vincingly sympathetic in its diary- like account of the doings of two lit- tle cherub-imps who are typical of al! normal childhood. s Studying Tax Tangle. From the Rochester Times-Union. President Roosevelt has directed the Treasury Department to make a study of the entire tax structure of the Nation—Federal, State and local— with a view to consolidation of tax collecting agencies and elimination of overlapping taxes. In gas taxes there is overlapping of levies, but consolidation of collection. In income taxes there is both over- lapping and separate collection. Many instances could be cited in which both State and Nation make levies, and fre- quently separate collections. In the local field the tangle of tax collection agencies is notorious. Here the best solution would seem to lie in developing and carrying into actual effect planning which is both thorough and alert. If we could learn to depend upon planning of fairly wide scope we could make our levies in accordance with it. That would avoid waste, give us more return for our taxes, eliminate the need of so much expensive and ill- directed local initiative and furnish much better control of total ex- penditures. Allocation of tax sources between the Federal Government and the States has become more difficult with passing of the simple days when cus- toms and tobacco and liquor taxes supplied most of the Federal revenue. And by some of the States, especially Maryland and those of the South, the z;n::a’ rights idea is still much cher- So it will be hard to accomplish the aims the administration has set before it in this field. But the need is great. The study is worth making. Let us hope it leads to concrete results. Tongues Across the Sea. From the Ashland (Ky.) Independent. Oceans, it appears, are large bodies of water across which jingoes make war talk. Roosevelt has given the impression that while the Supreme Court will have the important task of interpret- | ing these orders and executive de- | crees, the administration will under- take to aid in simplifying the situa- tion. “A really ambitious effort is being made to knit together the loose ends Bay City (Mich.) Daily Times, with the conclusion that, “for the present, it is interesting and potentially im- portant that the situation is receiving serious attention; that the President has been impressed, and will try to do something about it.” . “It is one thing to prate or orate { about the failure or success of the national recovery act, and the presi- dential orders issued under it,” states the New York Times, “but quite another to apply for a judicial de- cision, which will be, after all, the final test.” That paper feels that “it is fertunate for the country, with im- portant appeals to the courts pending. that there is such general confidence in the ability and integrity of the Federal judges.” The Times quotes from a radib address by John W. Davis, giving the lawyer’s judgment of the matter, and comments: “Mr. Davis admits that the most, skilled lawyers are often ‘mystified’ by the mass of relevant legislation enacted by Congress, and above all by the thousands of pages of executive orders, never collated and compared or brought into easily available form. Yet the work has to be undertaken. The judges must decide. They will have to go to the law and the testi- mony. It will not be possible for them to defend everything that has been done on the ground that it was designed to meet an ‘emergency.’ A five-year-old emergency seems fit to rank as & legal curiosity with an ‘infant industry’ which has had tariff protection for a hundred yea Nor can the courts try to hide them- selves, as some defenders of the New Deal do, by appealing to the ‘general welfare’ clause of the Constitution. That, it is well established, made no grant whatever of substantive power.” “A hopeful sign” is found by the Akron Beacon Journal, in the fact that “tke call has gone forward for a gen- eral open conference of ‘industries and all other interested parties, at which evidence will be collected on the opera- tion of major code provisions and the advisability of amendment or continu- ation.’” The Beacon Journal states further: “The President, of course, can do nothing but sign the orders that are submitted to him; no human being could personally examine thousands of documents of a technical and legalistic nature within a period of 18 months, and do anything else.” ‘The scope of the problem is indicat- ed by the Akron paper in the state- ment: “Inquiries by Justice Brandeis, and subsequent investigation, revealed that 12,000 exccutive orders, rules and regulotions have boen issued under New Deal sanc’ ‘ons, which is understood to be more” than were issued in all the vers of thy Tor-hlic preceding 1933, ‘Thore has been, il appeared, no codi- fied publication of these documents; A i of the recovery program.” says the | Daily Mail offers the judgment: “From | the words of John W. Davis, it is ap=- parent that no light and easy task has been thrust upon the courts. It wiil be no wonder if they are puzzled by some of the questions raised, and Mr., Davis said that the most skilled lawyers are mystified by the mass of legislation |and the countless executive orders, | never collated nor catalogued. Yet the work has to be undertaken, and the judges must decide. They will have to g0 to the law and the testimony. And, possibly, by the time they have finished there will be new laws and new orders, and the usefulness of their work will no longer loom large.” A lesson from the court procecdings |is drawn by the Davenport (Iowa) Daily Times, with the comment: “It | was admitted that not long ago the | Government had to dismiss a prosecu= tion brought up under an executive | order because it was shown that the Government had been in error in re- gard to the order. If the Government | itself does not know the extent of the executive orders, how can any one else | kncw? The incident in the Supreme | Court will serve a good purpose by leading to the establishment of some | form of publication for this new type | of law.” The Saginaw Daily News finds “in a good many legal circles, a demand that the situation be cleared up, to put an end to hopeless confusion.” —— Nevadan Lottery. | From the Columbus (Ohie) Dispatch. Several times within the last year attempts have been made to establi legalized lotteries in some political sub= divisions of the United States. It has even been talked of in Ohio. It fai'ed to become law in the City of New York when the mayor vetoed a bill on the grounds that he believed it not within the legal power of the Board of Aldermen to create such & bill. Now comes the sovereign State of Nevada with a State lottery plan, People are familiar with the independ- ent viewpoint of the inhabitants of this Western State on matters affect- ing social practice, such as divorce and gambling. The usual arguments in favor of the lottery are brought up. All seem agreed that it would offer a solntion to the pressing problems of taxation. The decline of the mining and live stock industries has placed the State in a desperate condition as relates to public revenue. Again, how- ever, the question of the legality of the measure is raised. Some legislators are not sure that such a permissive bill would stand. It happens there are constitutional limitations to State gambling even in Nevada. The disposition of the people certainly seems to give the lottery plan of raising money a trial, but it is evident that the pioneer inhabitants of the Western State, who framed the constitution, had scruples against gambling under the operation of the State, however tolerant they mi have been about the matter Pprivate operation, »