Evening Star Newspaper, November 28, 1934, Page 6

A—6 « THE EVENING STAR, WASHI THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON,D.C. Wednesday. . November 28, 1934 THEODORE W. NOYES. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New' Fork' Office: 110 Ease 32nd St Chicago Office: Lake Michigan 3uilding. European Office: 14 Regent St. London. England. Rate by Carrfer Within the City. Regular Edition, The Evening Star... . 45¢ per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays)._....60cper month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundays).. 65¢ per month The Sunday Star..... bc per copy Night Final Edition, Night Final and Sunday Star, 70c per month Night Final Star ~y... B5C per month Collection made at’ ‘the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. RBaily and Sunday..1yr. $10.00: 1 mo. 88 ally oniy 111 yrl $6.00: 1 moy Suc Sunday only.....1vr. $4.00; 1 mo. 40c All Other States and Canada. Dailv and Sunday Iy 2,00 v T, § T Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively en- titled to the use for republication of all news aispatches credited o it or not other- wise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved A Commendable Victory. The Public Utilities Commission is to be congratulated upon the suc- cessful outcome of its effort to re- duce telephone rates, begun more than two years ago and successfully main- tained, as far as the case went, in the courts. As this is written the telephone company and the commis- sion have reached substantial agree- ment on all points covered in the commission’s original rate-reduction order of October, 1932. The effect of the agreement will be to restore to the telephone subscribers approxi- mately ten per cent of bills paid during the twenty-five months since the commission’s order, and, in ad- dition, afford reductions in rates on future bills, averaging about ten per cent. While the telephone company has lost its fight to prevent enforcement of the commission’s original reducing order, its final decision to drop further litigation and come to terms carries with it the opportunity to capitalize defeat in terms of good | will and increased business. There is a beneficial psychology in prompt re- payment to the public, as Christmas approaches, of about a million dol- lars of impounded funds. And as so well demonstrated by the Potomac Electric Power Co., a reduction in rates is capable of producing greater returns through increased patronage. The telephone company's first offer at compromise with the commission sought to favor certain classes of revenue-producing business with rate reductions. The commission's firm in- sistence that the rate reductions ap- ply generally and benefit the small customer as well as the big customer, without making so-called “promotion rates,” was in line with its original order and will be generally approved. —_—————————— Antarctica has added hundreds of thousands of square miles to U. 8. territory, with a prospect of being of help in relief to unemployment when real estate development calls for snow shovel service. oo Nazi-Army Feud. So tightly is the lid of censorship clamped down on news in Germany that it is difficult at this long range and early stage to appraise the full significance of reports coming out of Berlin today describing the “feud” that has broken out between the Ger- man Army and state police on the one side and Reichsfuehrer Hitler's Schutz-Stoffel, the blackshirt picked Nazi guards who more or less consti- tute the chancellor's private military force, on the other. The Associated Press states that despite Berlin's official denials of un- rest, the regular army and police are being held under emergency orders and that the long-smoldering conflict between them and the Nazi troops is believed responsible for these instruc- tions, which include suspension of Christmas furloughs. Even marriages, which are traditionally popular among army men and police at Yuletide, are to be indefinitely postponed. Nazi Storm Troops are said to be drilling on an increased scale and gen- erally a situation seems to be appre- hended by the Reich authorities that justifies extraordinary precautionary measures. It is emphasized in official quarters that purely internal condi- tions and not international considera- tions, actuate the government’s moves. These assurances doubtless are forth- coming to allay any suspicions abroad that Germany may be fomenting a “putsch” in the Saar. Rancor and latent mutiny have prevailed in the ranks of the Storm Troops ever since a group of their leaders was summarily executed in the Nazi “blood purge” of last June, The ringleaders then “liquidated” were suspected of designs to seize command of the Reichswehr. Apparently some of their surviving supporters still har- bor hopes of bringing the army under control of the Nazi militant element. Herr Hitler has been warned by the Reichswehr chief, Baron Werner von Fritsch, that Nazi suppressive methods are generating bad blood between the Btorm Troops and the regular army, and that opposition from all sides is inevitable unless a more liberal spirit 1is made manifest. Berlin's present-hour military ar- rangements may find some further explanation in the circumstantial, though not yet officially acknowledged, reports that Herr Hitler has ordered Nazi extremists to abandon their Saar plebiscite propaganda. The Reichsfuehrer is said to have reached an agreement with French Foreign Minister Laval whereby Germany will pay for the French mining properties in the Saar on the stipulated terms if France abandons her campalgn to keep the territory under League of Nations Jjurisdiction. 1In the BSaar t All rights of | rate- | reports are now current that the Hitler-Laval understanding may even obviate the necessity of a plebiscite, Too Much Money. The Democrats are reported to be on the trail of Senator Bronson Cut- ting because, they say, he spent too much money in his campaign for re- election in New Mexico. “Isn’t that something!” in the present day ver- nacular, In the light of the vast ex- penditures of public funds by the Dem- ocrats for relief before and during the recent congressional campaign an ef- fort to prevent Mr. Cutting from tak- ing his seat in the Senate on the ground of excessive campaign expendi- tures is likely to give the country a hearty laugh. The progressive Repub- lican Senator from New Mexico, who deserted his own party in 1932 to sup- port President Franklin D. Roosevelt, may discover for himself that ingrati- tude is sharper than a serpent’s tooth. Charges of excessive campaign ex- penditures brought by Democrats against their opponents this year have a hollow sound. Even if there were ground for these charges, the pot which calls the kettle black does not arouse much enthusiasm. The man- ner in which Democratic candidates boasted of the big sums of money they had been able to get for their States and districts during the campaign; the way in which appeals were made to persons on relief rolls or receiving other money benefits under the New Deal to support the Democratic party might well call for investigation by a congressional committee. Indeed, if Senator Byrnes of South Carolina, chairman of the Senate Campaign Investigating Committee, and Repre- sentative Chavez, Senator Cutting's disappointed Democratic opponent, insist upon an investigation by the committee into the Cutting expendi- tures, it is quite likely that Senator Borah of Idaho and others will de- mand that these relief expenditures and their political implications be probed. The Democrats have marked Mr. Cutting for defeat, it seems. No par- ticular reason is given for this deter- mination, but it might be found in the attacks which Mr. Cutting made on the Roosevelt administration’s han- dling of veterans' compensation cuts. Cutting charged heartlessness and in- efficiency. He led a fight in the Sen- ate which forced the administration to & compromise. Such things are not lightly to be forgotten or forgiven. The inconsistency of the New Dealers and the Democratic high command, who gave their blessing to Hiram Johnson in California and turned their back on Mr. Cutting in New Mexico has been a matter of com- ment for weeks. Should the Democrats undertake to go through with the plan to halt Cut- ting on the ground of excessive cam- paign expenditures, they are likely to bring down upon themselves the de- nunciation of the progressive group in the Senate. Already Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska has warned the Democrats against becoming “too arrogant” and has scored them for turning against Mr. Cutting. ———— Better Recreational Facilities. The report on development of the Capital's recreational facilities and areas lays principal stress on the desirability of unified control, without attempting to argue in favor of any qf the four plans presented. Proper emphasis is placed upon the need for a trained and able executive in charge and adequate representation of a strong group of citizens in any plan to be adopted. Two of the plans differ only in the appointing authority, one being that the proposed Recreation Commission be selected by the Com- missioners and the other leaving the selection of such a commission to the President. Of the two other plans, one would place recreational facilities under joint control of the Board of Education and the National Capital Parks Office; the other would place control under a new recreation depart- ment of the District, supervised by a citizens’ advisory board or committee, with powers comparable, it is assumed, to those of the Board of Public Wel- fare, the Board of Trustees of the Public Library or the Board of Edu- cation. As legislation would probably be necessary to put any of the four plans into effect, it would be de- desirable if further study can be given to the subject matter of the report, not only by the Commissioners and the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, but by the rep- resentative civic bodies of Washing- ton, in the hope of obtaining the agreement which should precede sub- mission of the most desirable legis- lation to Congress this Winter. ‘With recreational facilitiesof theCap- ital under the divided control of at least four separate agencies, two of them national and two of them municipal, the desirability of centralized control is manifest. The result would prob- ably represent not only economy of operation, but better planning for future extension and greater develop- ment of the Capital's recreational fa- cilities. The reports made to the Park and Planning Commission provide the starting place for what should be con- structive effort toward a more widely used and widely usable recreational system in Washington. Folsom Man. For the past five years, scattered over the United States, archeologists have gathered peculiarly chipped bits of flint—probably arrow heads. But 1n their design they were radically dif- ferent from any Indian arrow heads hitherto known and, in at least one place one of them was found asso- ciated with bones of an animal known to have become extinct soon after the passing of the last ice age. Who were the makers of these strange artifacts who lived in the New World while the musk-ox browsed in the meadows behind the retreating glaciers as far south as Colorado? Did they actually live here at that time or were the associations of their artifacts with extinct animals purely accl- dental? There was no way to answer these questions. All that was known of the so-called Folsom man was that he had scattered bits of chipped flint over the countryside. He had left no other evidence of his presence. He was the great mystery of American archeology—perhaps the earliest of human beings to inhabit the conti- nent. For all the material evidence, except the arrow heads, he might have been a substanceless ghost, floating over the plains and the forests from Arizona (o Virginia. The discovery just announced by the Bureau of American Ethnology of an actual habitation site—probably a workshop—of the mysterious arrow makers gives them a tangible presence here at a very early date, even if no actual skeletons have been found which would indicate what sort of men they were. It promises to be one of the most notable developments in American archeology in recent years. It appears to demonstrate that Fol- som man had a material existence here not long after the passing of the glaciers. It opens up a new chapter in the pre-history of North America which may engage the shovels of archeologists for years to come. For if human beings were here when the ice was retreating there must be a re- casting of some of the most widely ac- cepted ideas of the American past. ——— Two Brave Men Die. The murder of the two Federal agents seeking the capture of the lat- est Public Enemy No. 1, George Nel- son, offers tragic evidence of the ruth- less nature of warfare in which these brave men are engaged. They were shot down because they hesitated to shoot first. They hesitated, not be- cause they were afraid to kill Nelson, but because they were not positive their man was Nelson. The criminal faced no such disadvantage. As shown time and again in the deplor- able record of such crimes, their busi- ness is to shoot first. If any questions are asked afterward, they are of only casual importance to the murderer. The Government agents will get their man in the end. Death of their comrades is added incentive, and Nel- son has accounted for three of them. But it would be unwise to attach to the sure death awaiting Nelson any great importance. He is merely the publicized symbol of a class that must be wiped out, and, with continued public support, will be wiped out. The Federal Government is in a war to the finish and can spare neither men nor money in waging it to a success- ful end. —— e George Bernard Shaw, aged 78, is recovering from illness that threat- ened to be serious. Shaw is some- times annoying, but always stimu- lating. Everybody would regret to lose him. oo Dropping a movie debutante from the “Social Register” has resulted in giving her pictures and big type where they will be of practical service. ——————————— Apart from the naval ratio djscus- sion, & prudent enterprise is reported to be saying nothing and building air- ships. e Hauptmann is original in one re- spect. So far he has not threatened to call in a psycho-analyst. ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. December and July. We're celebrating Santa Claus, Preparing for good cheer. This is, to some extent, because We do so every year. For habit is a glorious thing If we with faith devout Can use it so that it will bring Our best intentions out. A noble impulse finds releass As Christmas passes by. Two separate months bid envy cease, December and July. Our heroes, fanciful or true, Our deep respect have won. We welcome Santa Claus anew, Likewise Gcorge Washington. Surprises. “Did the vote bring surprises?” “Some,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “Occasionally the surprise was so great that we weren't sure whether we were working with a bal- lot box or a jack-in-the-box.” Jud Tunkins says some of the best radio speakers say the same thing so often that the performances seem to consist entirely of encores. Good Cheer. Thanksgiving day will always call A generous mood to one and all, For all agree that happiness Cannot survive in loneliness. ‘We hasten, therefore, to give heed To others who may stand in need. ‘We know good cheer when well pre- pared Is incomplete unless it's shared. Indifference. “Are you worried because they left you out of the Social Register?” “No,” answered Miss Cayenne. “I didn't know I was in it in the first place.” “To speak with elegance and pre- cision,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may impose so much study that life does not leave time enough to fortify utterances with simple truth.” Celestial Roadway. We're going to have a Christmas tree ‘With lights that gayly glow Like stars that call on us to see The sparkle on the snow. The “Milky Way” in yonder sky ‘Takes on & meaning quaint, And seems intended to supply A roadway for a saint. “Predictin’ don't do much good,” said Uncle Eben. “Experience is a good deal like de weather. You got to wait and see what happens, an’ then make up yoh mind what to do about it.” EMBER 28, 1934, I NEW BOOKS BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘The tamest of all home aquarium inmates is the albino variety of the Paradise fish. This is a sport which first ap- peared in the tank of a German enthusiast. Breeding true, it was propagated by the thousands and ap- peared in America about two years ago. Since then it has gone through the usual period of popularity merited by really distinctive fishes, and also the period of lesser popularity, in which phase it now is. Its tameness is accounted for, of course, by the fact that it has never known life in the great open spaces of stream or pool. Unless some of these pink fellows were taken to China and loosened in the rice fields, none of them has ever known what it means to be a free fish. * ok * % The glass-walled aquarium is all the home it has ever known. Human beings standing over it, and peering down at it, are a part of Nature, to this red-eyed one. Creamy pink, with darker pink stripes, varying in intensity, with red luminous eyes, it is a true albino, but far prettier than most natural albinos. Some will think it better-looking i than the original Paradise fish from which it is descended. The original was the first “tropical fish” to be kept, a few specimens first going to France in 1868, That year was the beginning of the modern craze for making pets out of the small exotics of tropical waters. Few other diversions can trace a beginning so surely. The original fish has had regular rises and falls in its popularity, as | fanciers took it up, only to be upset | by its fighting and general mean- ness. Even the fact that it can stand cool water, degrees, or even lower, as a general rule, could not keep it in demand. Then after enthusiasts had for- remember its bold color patterns, its ease of care, and there would begin another run on the fish, * x % x The albino variety, while not quite | considerably colder water than most | other tropical fish. ! Its outstanding point, however, is the tameness of the creature, its utter lack of fear of man. Fishes of other varieties, even tions, sometimes develop a type of panic, especially when a vistor sud- denly rushes up to the aquarium, or thoughtlessly leans over it too long. The latter is an action which should never be indulged in, except when necessary in work in the tank. It tends to create fear in the fish, any enemies come from above. Notably these include birds of various sorts and small water-loving mammals, which often like fish for dinner. It is almost impossible to scare the albino Paradise, however. Even the insertion of a net leaves them swim- ming placidly. queer and unheard-of thing in pursuit of them. * ok % Tall tales are told of the mistreat- ment which the original form can stand. One fancier has related how one of ranging as low as 65| | gotten all about it some one would | as hardy as the original, can stand | fish, because in Nature many of their | The net is just a part | of their lives, not an intrusion by a ! though tank-bred for several genera- | & second story window, landing on hard ground. The fish fan hurried down stairsand |- out into the yard, expecting to pick up the fish dead, but, much to his surprise, found the animal alive and kicking. ‘When it was returned to its tank it swam around as if nothing at all had happened. A still stranger story of the hardi- ness of the Paradise is that of another fancler, who, upon returning home with several, found one missing. Recalling that there had been an unexpected jog at one point in the journey, he retraced his steps by street car the way he had come, a trip of about an hour each way. Sure enough, at the expected point, he found the missing fish lying in the dry gutter. Placed immediately in water, it re- vived and in another hour was swim- ming happily with its brethren. ‘This story has two morals, not only that the Paradise fish, in any of its forms, is an exceptionally hardy crea- ture, but that any fish, when found out in the air where it does not be- long, should be placed in water at once, no matter how dry and lifeless it may appear. Nature is wonderful, indeed. The power of life in some of her little creatures is amazing. Any one who finds a goldfish out on the floor in the morning, for instance, should not fail to put it back into the aquarium. At least give it a chance. * x % x ‘The round red eye of the albino | Paradise is unique in fishes, as far as | we know. Its most interesting phase comes when a light is put to one end of the tank. When a fish then swims head-on to the onlooker. with its right eve to the light, for instance, the left one will appear transparent, with the light seeming to come clear through the head of the fish and shine out of the left eye. ‘This is an effect which must be seen to be appreciated. It is for all the world as if there was some source of inner light inside the very head of the fish. In its complete lack of fear, dis- tinguishing the albino from other fishes, lies its greatest point of appeal. It, too, is quarrelsome, forever nipping at its mates, and chasing other breeds, if put in the community tank. but for all its fighting it seldom does any real harm. A cut mouth, now and then, is its greatest damage. These traits must be expected of | any Paradise. This albino will win the heart of the keeper because of its apparent trust in him. It has been accustomed to humanity, and is not afraid. So it rushes up immediately to take its food, and does not resent in any way the insertion of a hand, perhaps to root & plant which may have come AT RANDOM Margaret Germond. PATTERNS OF WOLFPEN. By Har- lan Hatcher. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co. In 1785 Saul Pattern made a peri- lous journey over the Cumberland Mountains from Tazewell County, Va., into the Big Sandy Valiey, exploring the country and following the Indian trail through the Breaks of Sandy to the mouth of what is now known as Gannon Fork. Fresh signs of scalp- ing raids compelled him to retreat. Directing his return southward by way of Gannon Fork, he discovered, 30 miles above its mouth, a great bare pinnacle of yellow sandstone protrud- ing from the trees above the creek. Upward he toiled through the tangle of undergrowth to a jutting iedge of the pinnacle, from which he viewed a stretch of virgin territory so over- whelming in its beauty and richness that, unemotional a man as he was, he found himself crying aloud to the deer, the birds and the wild fowl: “God Almighty, what a place for a man to live in!” Five years later Saul Pattern re- turned to Wolfpen Hollow with his son and built a rude cabin, but was soon forced by the Indians to retreat, and it was not until the Spring of 1796 that he finally went back to the old cabin with his wife and children and a Virginia patent for 4,000 acres of land on the Kentucky side of the mountains, as surveyed by himself in 1790. The region is one which Mr. Hatcher knows intimately and which he loves. And into this scene he has written the | romance of the descendants of Saul Pattern through the century of rich that it has been the good fortune of five generations to enjoy. and women whose endless hard work it rewards generously. Men of strong character have been the Patterns of Wolfpen, and equally as fine have been the wives who have presided over the homestead. Sparrel | and Julia Pattern, the owners at the time of this narrative, are splendid successors of their worthy ancestors, and with their family are carrying {on the tradition of loving their land, being kindly to all men, and living in harmony and affection in their own | home. Three single sons help their | father run the place. Cynthia, the | youngest, possessed of a wisdom which many professional philosophers might envy, shares the household burdens with her mother. | But into the serenity and loveliness of the way of life in Wolfpen there try is growing rapidly, its frontiers are disappearing and the demand for timber is increasing. On the day that her father sets up a grotesque mill . . . loose, or to do any of the other small tasks which must be done even in the most perfect aquarium. The blend of ivory and pink in these fellows is so perfect that the fish, in good fettle, assumes an apri- cot hue difficult to describe. For best results, at least a half dozen or more should be kept together, so that no one fish will be chased all the time. Owing to the fact that these are labyrinth fishes, and hence can breathe air at the surface, many of them can be kept in a comparatively small container, although here as with all fishes, the larger the aquarium the his fishes leaped out of the net through | better all around. WASHINGTION OBSERVATIONS work but himself and his family - | Cynthia senses the coming of a | change that will bring unhappiness and woe to the Hollow. Her fears | soon take realistic shape when a stranger comes to persuade Sparrel to | sell him a large acreage of timber | land. The sale results in an influx of workmen alien to the culture and the manners of Wolfpen. Axmen, loggers, surveyors, raftsmen and me- chanics join the arrogant prospector in his work of deforesting the tract. ‘The noise of shouting men and | screeching sawmills shatters a quie- tude that has never before been | broken. Fatal fliness, _dissension among the laborers, death by violence and by accident punctuate the prog- ress of the work. ‘Wolfpen is no longer a paradise of contentment and happiness, but above and beyond the turmoil and farming, contentment and happiness | It is a story | of the soil and of the steadfast men | comes a clashing discord. The coun- | contraption which he calls a sbeamt and nobody believed would BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Washington looks upon the Edison Electric Institute's retention of New- ton D. Baker and James M. Beck in connection with the constitutionality of T. V. A. as the opening gun in the utilities’ war on the New Deal power program. The institute, which repre- tric energy, has authorized its officers to “take any necessary steps” to bring about “a prompt adjudication and set- tlement of the matters in controversy.” This signals a battle royal. in which arms will never be stacked until the Supreme Court of the United States has spoken the final word. The util- ity interests decided upon a fight to the finsh as soon as they had the joint opinion of Messrs. Baker and Beck that T. V. A. legislation is “palpably unconstitutional.” All indications foreshadow one of the most stubbornly contested legal duels of our time. with the prospect that its outcome will per- manently affect national policy in the domain of public ownership and “gov- ernment in business.” * ok x % President Roosevelt's hospitality to Undersecretary of Agriculture Tugwell at Warm Springs explodes the theory that the Adonis of the New Deal has fallen from grace. He is evidently still intrenched as planner No. 1. Re- ports that Dr. Tugwell was to be de- prived of authority in A. A. A. and co-related affairs became current after his speech-making excursion into the drought country and the corn belt last Summer. Though he invaded those regions shortly after having re- vealed to the Senate Agriculture Com- mittee that he grew up as a farm boy and had once raised a prize calf, word filtered back to Washington that the bucolic brethren found that the young Columbia scholar did not quite speak the language of the tribe. Then came his “deportation” to Europe for the duration of the congressional cam- paign. All that seems to be water over the dam now, and Tugwell has resumed his seat among the mighty. * X Xk * F. Harold Dubord, unsuccessful Dem- ocratic candidate for the Senate against Senator Frederick Hale, Re- publican, in Maine last September, will not, after all, contest Mr. Hale’s election. November 20 was the last day on which Dubord could have pe- titioned for a recount of the vote, from which Hale emerged with an official majority of exactly 1,200. In a pub- lic statement that he will take no fur- ther action and devote himself exclus- ively to his law practice, Mr. Dubord wishes Senator Hale “a successful term.” * K kX Biographies of pre-New Deal states- men continue to be the literary rage. Henry F. Pringle, author of the Pu- litzer prize-winning life of Theodore Roosevelt, has pitched his tent in ‘Washington for the Winter, to compile a biography of William Howard Taft. William Allen White has a life of Speaker Joe Cannon under way, and Frederic C. Howe of the Consumers' Division of A. A. A. is at work on a biography of Robert M. La Follette. * ok ok X ‘Those New England Yankees are in a class by themselves as coiners of cryptic political phraseology. Calvin Coolidge had the Nation guessing what he meant when he said he did not “choose to run” for President in 1928. Now in subtle words that leave people wondering what he's driving at, Prof. Wilbur Lucius Cross, just elected to a third term as chief mag- istrate of Connecticut, states that “it is not likely that I shall again be & candidate for Governor.” Few gou- ticians emulate the directness of “Ol \ sents 80 per cent of the country's elec- | Tecumseh” Sherman, who, when threatened with the Republican presi- dential nomination in 1880, declared: “I will not accept if nominated, or serve, if elected.” * ok x Albert Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury from 1801 to 1814, will soon take his place, in bronze, alongside Alexander Hamilton on the steps of the Treasury Building in Washington. The Gallatin Memorial Fund of $25.- 000 has just been completed and it is expected that Congress will now ap- propriate the $10,000 already author- ized for preparation of the site and erection of a pedestal. The statue will be the work of Scuiptor James E. Praser. Gallatin, Swiss by birth, who came to the United States in 1780, was head of the Treasury longer than any of his successors, although An- drew W. Mellon nearly equaled his record. He served three terms in the House of Representatives before en- tering the Jefferson cabinet, and later was Minister to France and Great Britain. Retiring from the public service in 1827, Gallatin devoted the remainder of his life to banking in New York. * x ok That “Christianity in Japan is the best insurance against war,” because it is “the breaker-down of prejudices and misunderstanding,” is afirmed by the Right Rev. Charles Shriver Reif- snider, Suffragan Episcopal Bishop of North Tokio, now in this country. Bishop Reifsnider says that Japanese political leaders are beginning to realize that Christianity is a stabiliz- ing influence as a powerful antidote against Communism. * x x x Former Senator George Higgins Moses of New Hampshire is not squandering his energies in lamenta- tions over the fate of the Republican party. He is busy at his home in Concord assembling his journalistic, diplomatic, political and congressional memoirs for autoblographical publi- cation. (Copyright. 1934.) —_—— President Chooses Fried. From the New York World-Telegram. President Roosevelt shot straight at the mark when he drafted Capt. George Fried, sea hero, for the post of supervising inspector of the Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspec- tion Service, with headquarters in New York. ‘With the eagle eye and conscientious mind of this great sea officer on the passenger vessels leaving New York there should be no more slipshod in- spections of safety equipment, no more ships sailing with insufficient, over- worked, untrained crews or incompe- tent officers. Here is a man who in great crises has put human life above dollars, who is known and revered because he has saved lives where others have lost lives. With Capt. Fried on the job here pas- sengers can walk up the gangplanks of outgoing vessels with & new confl- dence that they will not burn to death or land in the water or at the bottom of the sea. The second heartening item is the announcement that Capt. Fried will submit recommendations for law re- vision designed to buttress effective in- spection in preventing another Vestris or Morro Castle tragedy. —————————— Waiting for Winners. Prom the Buffalo Courier-Express. In this era of sweepstake emolu- ment, people incline to consider when their horses, rather than their ships, will come i, [} tragedy the bigness of Sparrel Pat- tern. the patience and kindliness of | his lovely wife and the squareness of | his sons and of the young surveyor the tradition of Saul Pattern still lives, and the glory of love and of beauty remains supreme. There is a profound and an endur- ing philosophy upon the ways of life and upon romance in the musings of | Cynthia, who knows that love will come to her as suddenly as it had come to her mother, except that in- stead of having her man discover her gathering a pile of wood chips, he will ride by while she is standing under a flowering pear tree and wearing her loveliest blue dress. He discovers her lin the kitchen on a hot Summer day iin a batter-splashed dress, her face smudged with meal, and tears in her eyes from the pain of a badly burned | hand. * x ko LOST PARADISE. By Robert P. Tris- tram Coffin. New York: The Mac- millan Co. , A salt-water farm on the coast of Maine is the paradise pictured in this delightful story, and Peter is a lad who lived on that farm and loved it, who knew that no other place in the world could ever be his real home and that there was no man on earth so noble as his own father. Several years ago Mr. Coffin pro- duced a biographical sketch which immediately won a warm reception. “Portrait of an American” was re- garded, indeed, as one of the outstand- ing American books of the year of its publication. The present volume pushes backward into the boyhood of the man described in the earlier book. And what a boyhood young Peter had the privilege of living! The first consciousness of the per- fection of his home came to Peter, as it usually does to all sensitive natures, when he was moved into the village to go to school. It was then that all of the hard work that he had sometimes found to be burden- some began to take the form of pleasure, and what the farm might have lacked of romance, beauty and opportunity for extraordinary adven- ture was supplied in abundance in the imagination of the boy who feared that it might not be the same when he was permitted to go back to it. In the tortures of homesickness during these early months at school Peter learned to reflect upon the life ne had known and that which he was striving to bear with some degree of fortitude. The call of the woods and the fields, the boats and the farm animals, the tales of old sea captains, the books and the fireside stories is strong in the sen- sitive neart of the lad, and it is through his reflections upon the beau- ties and pleasures of life amid these familiar surroundings that the para- dise of boyhood is revealed. Mr. Coffin has a fanciful way of telling his stories which gives them a quality of spiritual completeness. In all of Peter's adventures there is something to look back upon with pleasure and to return to for a re- newal of faith in the youth of America. —_——————— Plenty of Advice. Prom the New York Sun. A dietitian says that Americans eat intelligently. If they didn't by this time, the greatest amount of advice heard since Adam’s time would have gone to waste. The Gloomy Dean. From the San Antonio Express. In nine cases out of ten the rest- cure patient really needs a work cure, asserts Dean Inge. Must the dean— in retirement himself—still spread gloom? A ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washington Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How many vehicles have passed through the Holland Tunnel since its construction?—F. K. A. In the seven years of its ex- | istence, approximately 77 million vehicles, or a daily average of 30,448 have passed through the Holland Tunnel. Q. Where are the Leeward Islands? —H.F. A. This is a group of islands in the Greater and Lesser Antilles, lying north of the Windward Islands and southeast of Puerto Rico. Q. What State has the largest num- ber of colleges?—M. 8. A. New York State leads with 90. Q. How does the per capita con- sumption of sugar today compare with that 100 years ago?—A. S. V. A. Five pounds was the average an- nual per capita consumption of sugar 100 years ago, while today it is 93 pounds. Q. When did the stem-winding watch first come into use?—A. B. S. A. The earliest mention of a key- less or self-winding watch is in Schwenter’s “Delitiae Mathematicae et Physicae,” published at Nurnberg in 1651. Britten quotes an advertise- ment in the London Gazette of 1686 | concerning a watch having a spring wound up without a key. In 1750 Caron (later Beaumarchais) made a watch in a ring for Mme. de Pompa- dour which was wound by means of a lever projecting from the case under the dial. The keyless work of turn- ing the pendant is generally attributed | to A. L. Breguet, but it was probably | Louis Clement Francois Breguet, who | retired from the House of Breguet et Fils in 1833. Two forms, the rocking- | bar mechanism and the shifting sleeve | mechanism, came into use about 1848. | | | Q. Was Robert Burns a small man? —J. M. | | A. The poet was 5 feet 10. He is| said to have had great strength. His | build was heavy, with “a ploughman’s | stoop.” Q. What is the average percentage of depreciation on a small residence? —B. 0. L | A. According to a preliminary re- | port cn “Depreciation Studies” of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, the de- preciation rate annually on a one- | family dwelling of masonry brick and | concrete is 2 per cent. The prob- | able useful life of the building is | 50 years. If the house is frame, the depreciation rate is 3 per cent and the probable useful life is 33 years. | | Q. How mal clubs are affiliated with the General Federation of Wom- | en’s Clubs?’—W. R. | A. In 1933 the federation was com- | posed of approximately 14.500 clubs in the United States, having also 40.- 000 junior members and 72 clubs out- side the United States. 1 Q. What Is the date of the death of ‘ John T. Raymond, the comedian?— T8 | A. John T. Raymond died on April 10, 1887, at Evansville, Ind. Q. When was the dry dock at Southampton opened?—P. R. A. King George opened the dock on July 26, 1933. { | Q. Who invented spectacles?>—A. B. A. The invention of spectacles is attributed to Roger Bacon in the | thirteenth century. The history of | lenses, however, may be traced to' | Virginia in 1878. antiquity. In the recent excavations of Nineveh, lenses were found which are believed to date to the seventh century B. C. The Emperor Nero used a concave jewel (smaragdus) to assist his sight. Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals. From the context of a letter addressed to George What- ley of London, dated May 23, 1785, it may be inferred that he invented them before he went to France, which ‘was in the latter part of 1776. Q. Why is lb. used as an abbrevia- tion of pound?—G. S. A. The abbreviation Ib. 1s derived from the Latin word, libra, which means pound. Q. Why is Guilio Gatti-Casazza to retire as manager of the Metropolitan Opera Co.”—F. D. A. Mr. Gatti-Casazza will retire in April because of his age and the “con- tinued and exhausting hardships” of his work. Q. How many embassies and lega- tions does the United States own out- side of this country?’—L. S. A. The United States Government now towns 22 embassy and legation buildings at the following capitals: Tirana, Albania; Buenos Aires, Ar- gentina; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Ot- tawa, Canada; Santiago, Chile; Peip- ing, China; San Jose, Costa Rica; Ha- vana, Cuba; Prague, Czechoslovakia; Paris, France; London, England: Tokio, Japan; Rome, Italy; Mexico City, Mexico; Managua, Nicaragua; Oslo, Norw: Panama, Panama; Teheran, Persia; San Salvador, El Salvador; Bangkok, Siam; Istanbul, Turkey; Tangier, Morocco. This last mission ranks as a legation, although ‘Tangier is not the capital of Moroccq, but a city having an international status. Q. What volume of business is done in the automobile retailing line? —R. C. A. The automobile retailing busi- ness approximates $6,000,000,000 nually. Q. What are the duties of the chan- ! cellor of the exchequer in England? —M. E. R. A. The dutles of the chancellor of the exchequer are concerned with the collection of revenues and the man- agement of the funds accumulated. The chancellor of the exchequer of England holds a position similar to the Treasurer of the United States. There is a difference between this and a Secretary of the Treasury who corresponds to the director of the Finance Department of England. Q. Please give some information on the ice flows in the Atlantic and Pa- cific Oceans.—J. A. T. A. Most of the icebergs of the North Atlantic come from Greenland and reaching the current that flows along the western shore of Baffin Bay, are carried out through Davis Strait into the Labrador current, which finally brings them to the region of the Grand Banks. Antarctic icebergs are carried northward by currents and may at times drift below latitude 40° S. The Northern Pacific is desti- tute of feeding grounds for icebergs. Q. Of what nature was the organiza= tion known as the Readjustors?>—E. F. A. This was a political faction formed from the Democratic party of Its formation was due to a bill which passed the State Legislature in March of that year for refunding the State debt. The party was led by William Mahone and was violently opposed to the payment of the debt. In 1879 and 1881 by a fusion with the Republicans they gained control of the State govern- ment and sent William Mahone to the United States Senate. In the chorus of approval that has greeted the appointment of Miss Josephine Roche as Assistant Secre- | tary of the Treasury. the only ques-| tion raised is as to whether the job | is big enough for this remarkable woman. | “Since 1928, when she became head | of the coal company.” according to | the Oklahoma News, “she has pm\':d‘ that employers can pay fair wages, offer decent working conditions, bar- gain collectively with labor, and still | make money, often more money than anti-labor competitors.” The News | adds: “That she has been able to| do these things during the depression | and in a sick industry makes her | demonstration doubly graphic.” The | Scranton (Pa.) Times declares that she has “opinions and notions of her own regarding business and social service, and has won her way by rea- son of her capacity, her initiative and her courage.” “The appointment,” remarks the Pasadena (Calif.) Post, “comes just at a time when a lot of men are try- ing to organize to put woman in her her place, and here is one that has found hers. The men need not worry about her.” The Houston (Tex.) Post finds the selection “peculiarly appro- priate,” because of her “outstanding achievements in the realm of social betterment,” because it “rewards her faithful support of the New Deal,” and because of her “broad experience in finance and business management.” In the latter connection the Cha tanooga Times facetiously remarks: “As for Miss Roche's experience in finance and business—such experience seems not to have been too welcome in the Treasury. Could it be that the administration desired in the Treas- ury increased facility in the matter of changing the mind about the cur- rency?” “She is a Democrat,” explains the' Savannah Morning News, “a close | friend of Mrs. Roosevelt and an ardent supporter of the President. She ran for the Democratic nomination as Governor of Colorado, but lost. Later when she visited Washington on coal code matters she was mentioned as the possible successor of Miss Grace Abbott as head of the Children’s Bu- reau. At that time Miss Roche said she was not interested in a Federal job. Miss Roche’s chief duties will include supervision of the health serv- ice and welfare work among the Treasury Department’s workers. She will make studies of the working conditions.” “The qualifications of Miss Roche for public office,” in the opinion of the Milwaukee Journal, “are not sub- ject to doubt. A President who can command her services is fortunate. The only question in our mind is whether this is the right place. Tak- ing charge of public health and wel- fare activities for 15,000 Treasury employes doesn't seem quite the best niche for & woman who has made a record in labor relations and a suc- cess in a big and difficult business. But Miss Roche’s record is & promise that she will not long preside at a desk which does not call for the best she has to give. Would that half the appointments made were as promis- ing. “In her new job she will have full opportunity to put into practice many of the ideas she has so strongly ad- vocated,” thinks the Watertown (N. Y.) Daily Times, while the Wilkes- Barre (Pa.) Record suggests that the A [l All Praise for Appointment Of Woman Treasury Assistant administration might “invite her to have a hand in the task of balancing the national budget.” and the Dan- ville (Ill.) Commercial News holds that “her wide sympathies and dem- onstrated executive ability should make her valuable to the Govern- ment.” The Allentown (Pa.) Morn- ing Call observes: “Years ago, in the Rocky Mountains, & woman put a new deal into effect. It was quite natural that the President. in looking about for a woman to handle the post in the Treasury Department should look for a woman with this type of background.” “If all industrialists were motivated by the same ideals that control this Colorado woman,” says the Owens- boro (Ky.) Messenger, “the labor agi- tator would go in search of another job.” The Wichita Eagle, noting her extreme liberalism, asks: “What is now to become of the old political guess that women, once admitted to participation in public affairs, would prove a conservative addition?” Mussolini’s Test. Prom the Indianapolis Star. ‘Yugoslav hatred of Italy, reaching greater heights through the assassi- nation of King Alexander, will provide a grave test of Premier Mussolini’s leadership. The popular demonstra- tions, attacks on Italian diplomatic and consular agents and virulent slurs in the Yugoslav press demand the ut- most restraint on the part of Italian officialdom. Even a trivial overt act might get the two countries into war, No matter how serious the provoca- tion, Premier Mussolini should turn the other cheek until the Serbian rage has subsided. The situatioh also requires delicate handling because of the general sus- picion already directed to Il Duce, who is playing a_ daring diplomatic game to enhance Italy’s influence in European affairs. Mussolinl has sought to play France against Ger- many, meanwhile extending his influ- ence over Austria and Hungary and through the Balkans. He expects war in the not distant future and is pre- paring to grab a greater share of the spoils. The Fascist dictator is coldly practical. He is playing a difficult part in attempting to juggle the mis- fortunes of other nations to his own advantage. Hopes of a peaceful rapproche- ment between Italy and Yugoslavia have been dimmed by the death of Barthou, France’s foreign minister. Disorders are reported among the late King's subjects, while cabinet mem- bers in France may be toppled as a result of the Marseille tragedy. For the moment the Italian premier seems to have attained the diplomatic whip hand he has so long coveted. If moderation does not characterize his foreign policy he may drive France and the Little Entente into new mili- tary alliances. ——e—————— They Do Disappear. Prom the Waterbury (Conn.) Republican. Another argument for universal comp fingerprinting is that we would be able to identify unsuccessful political candidates after election, ————— The Real Aristocracy. From the Atlanta Constitution. America’s privileged class is the one with the best seats at the foot ball game.